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Liu ZG, He XX, Zhao JH, Xu CM, Qiao Y, Li L, Chou SL. Carbon nanosphere synthesis and applications for rechargeable batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4257-4273. [PMID: 36940099 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00402c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanospheres (CNSs) have attracted great interest in energy conversion and storage technologies due to their excellent chemical and thermal stability, high electrical conductivity and controllable size structure characteristics. In order to further improve the energy storage properties, many efforts have been made to design suitable nanocarbon spherical materials to improve electrochemical performance. In this overview, we summarize the recent research progress on CNSs, mainly focusing on the synthesis methods and their application as high-performance electrode materials in rechargeable batteries. As for the synthesis methods, hard template methods, soft template methods, the extension of the Stöber method, hydrothermal carbonization, aerosol-assisted synthesis are described in detail. In addition, the use of CNSs as electrodes in energy storage devices (mainly concentrated on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are also discussed in detail in this article. Finally, some perspectives on the future research and development of CNSs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Guang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Xiang-Xi He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Hua Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Chun-Mei Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yun Qiao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Li Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shu-Lei Chou
- Institute for Carbon Neutralization, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, P. R. China.
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Ding L, Hu J, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhang M. Copper-Based Nanocatalysts with SiO 2 and Carbon Dual-Layer Coatings and Metallic Ni/CuNi Decoration toward Highly Efficient Nitroaromatics Reduction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1717-1727. [PMID: 35020384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites with novel architectures and multifunctional properties have attracted extensive attention among related researchers. Herein, we develop a magnetically responsive Ni/CuNi nanoparticle (NP) decoration of Cu-based composites that could serve as recoverable nanocatalysts for nitroaromatics reduction. The nanocatalysts consist of an inner copper core and abundant tiny satellite Ni/CuNi NPs, which are tightly combined as a stable whole part by a silica interlayer and a carbon outer layer. In addition to the high catalytic activity, the outer Ni/CuNi NPs exhibit a strong magnetic response toward the external magnetic field, thereby offering a convenient way to separate the composites from the reaction solution. Moreover, characterization results reveal that high annealing temperature (above 700 °C) favors the construction of yolk-shell nanostructures and the formation of outer bimetallic CuNi NPs. As a result, owing to the excellent catalytic performance of the Cu inner cores, the high coverage of outer Ni or CuNi NPs, and the unique sandwich-like structure, the resultant Cu@SiO2@C-Ni composites show the use of such magnetically responsive recoverable nanocatalysts for the 4-nitrophenol reduction. Hence, this research could provide new guidelines for designing and synthesizing novel and efficient copper-based composites for other fields, such as carbon dioxide reduction, energy storage, and batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Storage and Conversion Materials of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China.,Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, UT Space Institute, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37388, United States
| | - Jiamin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Yange Zhang
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Storage and Conversion Materials of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Jingli Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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Ding L, Zheng J, Xu J, Yin XB, Zhang M. Rational design, synthesis, and applications of carbon-assisted dispersive Ni-based composites. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01493e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we review recent developments in the rational design and engineering of various carbon-assisted dispersive nickel-based composites, and boosted properties for protein adsorption and nitroaromatics reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace & Biomedical Engineering, UT Space Institute, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37388, USA
| | - Jing Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jingli Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xue-Bo Yin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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Sajjad M, Jiang Y, Guan L, Chen X, Iqbal A, Zhang S, Ren Y, Zhou X, Liu Z. NiCo 2S 4 nanosheet grafted SiO 2@C core-shelled spheres as a novel electrode for high performance supercapacitors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:045403. [PMID: 31604342 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab4d0a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance supercapacitor electrode NiCo2S4 (NCS) nanosheet on SiO2@C core-shell nanospheres (SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite) is prepared via simple an effective solution-based method. Benefiting from compositional and structural advantages, the as-prepared SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite exhibits a high specific capacitance (625 F g-1 at 1 mA cm-2) and a stable cycling performance. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) assembled with SiO2@C-NCS nanocomposite as a positive electrode and carbon nanotube paper as a negative electrode in aqueous KOH solution demonstrated a high energy density of 16 Wh kg-1 at an ultra-high specific power of 7200 W kg-1. These promising results suggest the possible application of mixed transition metal sulfides-based composites as advanced electrode materials for high-performance ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajjad
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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Zhang M, Ling Y, Liu L, Xu J, Li J, Fang Q. Carbon supported PdNi alloy nanoparticles on SiO2 nanocages with enhanced catalytic performance. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00596g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a simple approach for the fabrication of Pd–Ni alloy nanoparticles embedded in a carbon layer on raspberry-like SiO2 hollow nanocages (SiO2@C-PdNi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Enginerring
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- PR China
| | - Yang Ling
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Enginerring
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- PR China
| | - Libin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan 250353
- China
| | - Jingli Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Enginerring
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- PR China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 230031 Hefei
- PR China
| | - Qunling Fang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- PR China
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Fan D, Wang G, Ma A, Wang W, Chen H, Bai L, Yang H, Wei D, Yang L. Surface Engineering of Porous Carbon for Self-Healing Nanocomposite Hydrogels by Mussel-Inspired Chemistry and PET-ATRP. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:38126-38135. [PMID: 31536325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, surface-functionalized microcapsules from porous carbon nanospheres (PCNs) were successfully prepared by mussel-inspired chemistry with polydopamine (PDA) and metal-free photoinduced electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization (PET-ATRP). These functional microcapsules are introduced into self-healing hydrogels to enhance their mechanical strength. The PCNs synthesized by a simple soft template method are mixed with linseed oil for loading of the biomass healing agent, and the microcapsules are first prepared by coating PDA. PDA coatings were used to immobilize the ATRP initiator for initiating 4-vinylpyridine on the surface of microcapsules by PET-ATRP. Using these functional microcapsules, the self-healing efficiency was about 92.5% after 4 h at ambient temperature and the healed tensile strength can be held at 2.5 MPa with a fracture strain of 625.2%. All results indicated that the surface-functionalized microcapsules for self-healing hydrogels have remarkable biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Fan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Guanglin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Anyao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Hou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Liangjiu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Huawei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Donglei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
| | - Lixia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province; Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites , Ludong University , Yantai 264025 , China
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Ma L, Zhou L, He Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Gao J. Hierarchical nanocomposites with an N-doped carbon shell and bimetal core: Novel enzyme nanocarriers for electrochemical pesticide detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 121:166-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wu C, Tong X, Ai Y, Liu DS, Yu P, Wu J, Wang ZM. A Review: Enhanced Anodes of Li/Na-Ion Batteries Based on Yolk-Shell Structured Nanomaterials. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2018; 10:40. [PMID: 30393689 PMCID: PMC6199087 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-018-0194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received much attention in energy storage system. In particular, among the great efforts on enhancing the performance of LIBs and SIBs, yolk-shell (YS) structured materials have emerged as a promising strategy toward improving lithium and sodium storage. YS structures possess unique interior void space, large surface area and short diffusion distance, which can solve the problems of volume expansion and aggregation of anode materials, thus enhancing the performance of LIBs and SIBs. In this review, we present a brief overview of recent advances in the novel YS structures of spheres, polyhedrons and rods with controllable morphology and compositions. Enhanced electrochemical performance of LIBs and SIBs based on these novel YS structured anode materials was discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuo Wu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfei Ai
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Sheng Liu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
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Wang J, Hao P, Shi R, Yang L, Liu S, Zhao J, Ren J, Li Z. Fabrication of Yolk-Shell Cu@C Nanocomposites as High-Performance Catalysts in Oxidative Carbonylation of Methanol to Dimethyl Carbonate. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:481. [PMID: 28791652 PMCID: PMC5548704 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A facile way was developed to fabricate yolk-shell composites with tunable Cu cores encapsulated within hollow carbon spheres (Cu@C) with an average diameter about 210 nm and cavity size about 80 nm. During pyrolysis, the confined nanospace of hollow cavity ensures that the nucleation-and-growth process of Cu nanocrystals take place exclusively inside the cavities. The size of Cu cores can be easily tuned from 30 to 55 nm by varying the copper salt concentration. By deliberately creating shell porosity through KOH chemical activation, at an optimized KOH/HCS mass ratio of 1/4, the catalytic performance for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate (DMC) of the activated sample is enhanced remarkably with TOF up to 8.6 h-1 at methanol conversion of 17.1%. The activated yolk-shell catalyst shows promising catalytic properties involving the reusability with slight loss of catalytic activity and negligible leaching of activated components even after seven recycles, which is beneficial to the implementation of clean production for the eco-friendly chemical DMC thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Panpan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ruina Shi
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Leilei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Shusen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jinxian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Zhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan University of Technology), Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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Ali Z, Tian L, Zhang B, Ali N, Khan M, Zhang Q. Synthesis of fibrous and non-fibrous mesoporous silica magnetic yolk–shell microspheres as recyclable supports for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 103:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xi J, Da L, Yang C, Chen R, Gao L, Fan L, Han J. Mn 2+-coordinated PDA@DOX/PLGA nanoparticles as a smart theranostic agent for synergistic chemo-photothermal tumor therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:3331-3345. [PMID: 28479854 PMCID: PMC5411169 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s132270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle drug delivery carriers, which can implement high performances of multi-functions, are of great interest, especially for improving cancer therapy. Herein, we reported a new approach to construct Mn2+-coordinated doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles as a platform for synergistic chemo-photothermal tumor therapy. DOX-loaded PLGA (DOX/PLGA) nanoparticles were first synthesized through a double emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and then modified with polydopamine (PDA) through self-polymerization of dopamine, leading to the formation of PDA@DOX/PLGA nanoparticles. Mn2+ ions were then coordinated on the surfaces of PDA@DOX/PLGA to obtain Mn2+-PDA@DOX/PLGA nanoparticles. In our system, Mn2+-PDA@DOX/PLGA nanoparticles could destroy tumors in a mouse model directly, by thermal energy deposition, and could also simulate the chemotherapy by thermal-responsive delivery of DOX to enhance tumor therapy. Furthermore, the coordination of Mn2+ could afford the high magnetic resonance (MR) imaging capability with sensitivity to temperature and pH. The results demonstrated that Mn2+-PDA@ DOX/PLGA nanoparticles had a great potential as a smart theranostic agent due to their imaging and tumor-growth-inhibition properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juqun Xi
- Pharmacology Department, Medical School, Yangzhou University
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses
| | - Lanyue Da
- Pharmacology Department, Medical School, Yangzhou University
| | - Changshui Yang
- Pharmacology Department, Medical School, Yangzhou University
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Subei People’s Hospital, Yangzhou University
| | - Lizeng Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases
| | - Lei Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Xu F, Lu Y, Ma J, Huang Z, Su Q, Fu R, Wu D. Facile, general and template-free construction of monodisperse yolk–shell metal@carbon nanospheres. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12136-12139. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06502g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A versatile, general and template-free strategy for the construction of well-defined yolk–shell metal@carbon nanostructures is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Yuheng Lu
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Junhao Ma
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Zhike Huang
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Quanfei Su
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Ruowen Fu
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
| | - Dingcai Wu
- Materials Science Institute
- PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
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