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Sun MS, Jia Y, Chen XY, Chen JS, Guo Y, Fu FF, Xue LJ. Regulatory microRNAs and phasiRNAs of paclitaxel biosynthesis in Taxus chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1403060. [PMID: 38779066 PMCID: PMC11109412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1403060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (trade name Taxol) is a rare diterpenoid with anticancer activity isolated from Taxus. At present, paclitaxel is mainly produced by the semi-synthetic method using extract of Taxus tissues as raw materials. The studies of regulatory mechanisms in paclitaxel biosynthesis would promote the production of paclitaxel through tissue/cell culture approaches. Here, we systematically identified 990 transcription factors (TFs), 460 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 160 phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) in Taxus chinensis to explore their interactions and potential roles in regulation of paclitaxel synthesis. The expression levels of enzyme genes in cone and root were higher than those in leaf and bark. Nearly all enzyme genes in the paclitaxel synthesis pathway were significantly up-regulated after jasmonate treatment, except for GGPPS and CoA Ligase. The expression level of enzyme genes located in the latter steps of the synthesis pathway was significantly higher in female barks than in male. Regulatory TFs were inferred through co-expression network analysis, resulting in the identification of TFs from diverse families including MYB and AP2. Genes with ADP binding and copper ion binding functions were overrepresented in targets of miRNA genes. The miRNA targets were mainly enriched with genes in plant hormone signal transduction, mRNA surveillance pathway, cell cycle and DNA replication. Genes in oxidoreductase activity, protein-disulfide reductase activity were enriched in targets of phasiRNAs. Regulatory networks were further constructed including components of enzyme genes, TFs, miRNAs, and phasiRNAs. The hierarchical regulation of paclitaxel production by miRNAs and phasiRNAs indicates a robust regulation at post-transcriptional level. Our study on transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of paclitaxel synthesis provides clues for enhancing paclitaxel production using synthetic biology technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fang-Fang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Educational Department of China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang-Jiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Educational Department of China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Wang D, Wei J, Yuan X, Chen Z, Wang L, Geng Y, Zhang J, Wang Y. Transcriptome and comparative chloroplast genome analysis of Taxus yunnanensis individuals with high and low paclitaxel yield. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27223. [PMID: 38455575 PMCID: PMC10918223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a potent anti-cancer drug that is mainly produced through semi-synthesis, which still requires plant materials as precursors. The content of paclitaxel and 10-deacetyl baccatin III (10-DAB) in Taxus yunnanensis has been found to differ from that of other Taxus species, but there is little research on the mechanism underlying the variation in paclitaxel content in T. yunnanensis of different provenances. In this experiment, the contents of taxoids and precursors in twigs between a high paclitaxel-yielding individual (TG) and a low paclitaxel-yielding individual (TD) of T. yunnanensis were compared, and comparative analyses of transcriptomes as well as chloroplast genomes were performed. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detection showed that 10-DAB and baccatin III contents in TG were 18 and 47 times those in TD, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis results indicated that genes encoding key enzymes in the paclitaxel biosynthesis pathway, such as taxane 10-β-hydroxylase (T10βH), 10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT), and debenzoyl paclitaxel N-benzoyl transferase (DBTNBT), exhibited higher expression levels in TG. Additionally, qRT-PCR showed that the relative expression level of T10βH and DBAT in TG were 29 and 13 times those in TD, respectively. In addition, six putative transcription factors were identified that may be involved in paclitaxel biosynthesis from transcriptome data. Comparative analysis of plastid genomes showed that the TD chloroplast contained a duplicate of rps12, leading to a longer plastid genome length in TD relative to TG. Fifteen mutation hotspot regions were identified between the two plastid genomes that can serve as candidate DNA barcodes for identifying high-paclitaxel-yield individuals. This experiment provides insight into the difference in paclitaxel accumulation among different provenances of T. yunnanensis individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiansheng Wei
- Haba Snow Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau, Diqing, 674402, China
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yunfen Geng
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650201, China
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Zhan X, Qiu T, Zhang H, Hou K, Liang X, Chen C, Wang Z, Wu Q, Wang X, Li XL, Wang M, Feng S, Zeng H, Yu C, Wang H, Shen C. Mass spectrometry imaging and single-cell transcriptional profiling reveal the tissue-specific regulation of bioactive ingredient biosynthesis in Taxus leaves. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100630. [PMID: 37231648 PMCID: PMC10504593 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Taxus leaves provide the raw industrial materials for taxol, a natural antineoplastic drug widely used in the treatment of various cancers. However, the precise distribution, biosynthesis, and transcriptional regulation of taxoids and other active components in Taxus leaves remain unknown. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging analysis was used to visualize various secondary metabolites in leaf sections of Taxus mairei, confirming the tissue-specific accumulation of different active metabolites. Single-cell sequencing was used to produce expression profiles of 8846 cells, with a median of 2352 genes per cell. Based on a series of cluster-specific markers, cells were grouped into 15 clusters, suggesting a high degree of cell heterogeneity in T. mairei leaves. Our data were used to create the first Taxus leaf metabolic single-cell atlas and to reveal spatial and temporal expression patterns of several secondary metabolic pathways. According to the cell-type annotation, most taxol biosynthesis genes are expressed mainly in leaf mesophyll cells; phenolic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis genes are highly expressed in leaf epidermal cells (including the stomatal complex and guard cells); and terpenoid and steroid biosynthesis genes are expressed specifically in leaf mesophyll cells. A number of novel and cell-specific transcription factors involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis were identified, including MYB17, WRKY12, WRKY31, ERF13, GT_2, and bHLH46. Our research establishes the transcriptional landscape of major cell types in T. mairei leaves at a single-cell resolution and provides valuable resources for studying the basic principles of cell-type-specific regulation of secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Tian Qiu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Kailin Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xueshuang Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qicong Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Houqing Zeng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chunna Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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Yu C, Hou K, Zhang H, Liang X, Chen C, Wang Z, Wu Q, Chen G, He J, Bai E, Li X, Du T, Wang Y, Wang M, Feng S, Wang H, Shen C. Integrated mass spectrometry imaging and single-cell transcriptome atlas strategies provide novel insights into taxoid biosynthesis and transport in Taxus mairei stems. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1243-1260. [PMID: 37219365 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Taxol, which is a widely used important chemotherapeutic agent, was originally isolated from Taxus stem barks. However, little is known about the precise distribution of taxoids and the transcriptional regulation of taxoid biosynthesis across Taxus stems. Here, we used MALDI-IMS analysis to visualize the taxoid distribution across Taxus mairei stems and single-cell RNA sequencing to generate expression profiles. A single-cell T. mairei stem atlas was created, providing a spatial distribution pattern of Taxus stem cells. Cells were reordered using a main developmental pseudotime trajectory which provided temporal distribution patterns in Taxus stem cells. Most known taxol biosynthesis-related genes were primarily expressed in epidermal, endodermal, and xylem parenchyma cells, which caused an uneven taxoid distribution across T. mairei stems. We developed a single-cell strategy to screen novel transcription factors (TFs) involved in taxol biosynthesis regulation. Several TF genes, such as endodermal cell-specific MYB47 and xylem parenchyma cell-specific NAC2 and bHLH68, were implicated as potential regulators of taxol biosynthesis. Furthermore, an ATP-binding cassette family transporter gene, ABCG2, was proposed as a potential taxoid transporter candidate. In summary, we generated a single-cell Taxus stem metabolic atlas and identified molecular mechanisms underpinning the cell-specific transcriptional regulation of the taxol biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunna Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Kailin Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xueshuang Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qicong Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Ganlin Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jiaxu He
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Enhui Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xinfen Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Tingrui Du
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
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Feng S, Hou K, Zhang H, Chen C, Huang J, Wu Q, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Wu X, Wang H, Shen C. Investigation of the role of TmMYB16/123 and their targets (TmMTP1/11) in the tolerance of Taxus media to cadmium. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:1009-1022. [PMID: 36808461 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity and stress caused by heavy metal contamination has become an important constraint to the growth and flourishing of trees. In particular, species belonging to the genus Taxus, which are the only natural source for the anti-tumor medicine paclitaxel, are known to be highly sensitive to environmental changes. To investigate the response of Taxus spp. to heavy metal stress, we analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of Taxus media trees exposed to cadmium (Cd2+). In total, six putative genes from the metal tolerance protein (MTP) family were identified in T. media, including two Cd2+ stress inducible TMP genes (TmMTP1, TmMTP11 and Taxus media). Secondary structure analyses predicted that TmMTP1 and TmMTP11, which are members of the Zn-CDF and Mn-CDF subfamily proteins, respectively, contained six and four classic transmembrane domains, respectively. The introduction of TmMTP1/11 into the ∆ycf1 yeast cadmium-sensitive mutant strain showed that TmMTP1/11 might regulate the accumulation of Cd2+ to yeast cells. To screen the upstream regulators, partial promoter sequences of the TmMTP1/11 genes were isolated using the chromosome walking method. Several myeloblastosis (MYB) recognition elements were identified in the promoters of these genes. Furthermore, two Cd2+-induced R2R3-MYB TFs, TmMYB16 and TmMYB123, were identified. Both in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that TmMTB16/123 play a role in Cd2+ tolerance by activating and repressing the expression of TmMTP1/11 genes. The present study elucidated new regulatory mechanisms underlying the response to Cd stress and can contribute to the breeding of Taxus species with high environmental adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Kailin Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiefang Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qicong Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhenhao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yadi Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Li T, Li B, Liao C, Zhang H, Wang L, Fu T, Xue S, Sun T, Xu X, Fan X, Li L, Liu G, Yang F, Ma X. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into light condition effect on paclitaxel biosynthesis in yew saplings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:577. [PMID: 36503377 PMCID: PMC9743728 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxus is a rare gymnosperm plant that is the sole producer of the anticancer drug paclitaxel. The growth and development of Taxus is affected by environmental factors such as light. However, little is known about how light conditions affect growth and metabolic processes, especially paclitaxel biosynthesis. RESULTS In this study, we applied three different light conditions to Taxus chinensis young saplings and investigated the physiological response and gene expression. Our observations showed that exposure to high light led to oxidative stress, caused photoinhibition, and damaged the photosynthetic systems in T. chinensis. The paclitaxel content in T. chinensis leaves was significantly decreased after the light intensity increased. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that numerous genes involved in paclitaxel biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways were downregulated under high light. We also analyzed the expression of JA signaling genes, bHLH, MYB, AP2/ERF transcription factors, and the CYP450 families that are potentially related to paclitaxel biosynthesis. We found that several CYP450s, MYB and AP2/ERF genes were induced by high light. These genes may play an important role in tolerance to excessive light or heat stress in T. chinensis. CONCLUSIONS Our study elucidates the molecular mechanism of the effects of light conditions on the growth and development of T. chinensis and paclitaxel biosynthesis, thus facilitating the artificial regeneration of Taxus and enhancing paclitaxel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Bingbing Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Chunli Liao
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Lianzhe Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Taotao Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Shouyu Xue
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Xiaolan Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Xin Fan
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Le Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Genglin Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Fengling Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036 Henan China
| | - Xuan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Asgharzadeh P, Sabet MS, Moieni A. Enhancement of paclitaxel production by reduced cellular accumulation and alteration in expression pattern of key genes using multi-walled carbon nanotube in Taxus baccata L. cell suspension culture. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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DHAKAL S, KHOSLA PK, GETAHUN T. Chemical compositions and biological activities of the oils from the genus Taxus and factors limiting the regeneration of endangered yews: a review. Turk J Chem 2022; 46:1776-1801. [PMID: 37621332 PMCID: PMC10446929 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Taxus (yews) is the largest genus of the family Taxaceae. It comprises about 24 species with 55 varieties distributed mainly in Asia, Europe, North Africa, and North America. In addition to the taxane diterpenoids and the cancer drug taxol, its species contain many essential oils with actual or potential biological activity. This review covers the chemical constituents as well as biological activities of these oils that have been studied in fourteen countries over 46 years (1975-2021). It also discusses the biotic and abiotic factors that limit the regeneration of these economically and medicinally important plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar DHAKAL
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan (HP),
India
| | - Prem Kumar KHOSLA
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan (HP),
India
| | - Tokuma GETAHUN
- Department of Chemistry, Asella College of Teachers Education, Asella, Oromia,
Ethiopia
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Cao X, Xu L, Li L, Wan W, Jiang J. TcMYB29a, an ABA-Responsive R2R3-MYB Transcriptional Factor, Upregulates Taxol Biosynthesis in Taxus chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804593. [PMID: 35310663 PMCID: PMC8931530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Taxol), a highly modified diterpene agent mainly obtained from Taxus species, is the most widely used anticancer drug. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a well-known stress hormone that plays important roles in the secondary metabolism of plants, and it can also induce the accumulation of taxol in Taxus cell suspension cultures. However, the mechanism behind the regulation of taxol biosynthesis by ABA remains largely unknown. In previous research, a R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF) TcMYB29a was observed to show a significant correlation with taxol biosynthesis, indicative of its potential role in the taxol biosynthesis. In this study, the TcMYB29a encoded by its gene was further characterized. An expression pattern analysis revealed that TcMYB29a was highly expressed in the needles and roots. Overexpression of TcMYB29a in Taxus chinensis cell suspension cultures led to an increased accumulation of taxol, and upregulated expression of taxol-biosynthesis-related genes, including the taxadiene synthase (TS) gene, the taxane 5α-hydroxylase (T5OH) gene, and the 3'-N-debenzoyl-2'-deoxytaxol-N-benzoyltransferase (DBTNBT) gene as compared to the controls. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), and dual-luciferase reporter assays verified that TcMYB29a could bind and activate the promoter of TcT5OH. Promoter sequence analysis of TcMYB29a revealed that its promoter containing an AERB site from -313 to -319 was a crucial ABA-responsive element. Subsequently, the ABA treatment assay showed that TcMYB29a was strongly upregulated at 6 h after ABA pretreatment. Furthermore, TcMYB29a was strongly suppressed at 3 h after the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment and was depressed to the platform at 12 h. Taken together, these results reveal that TcMYB29a is an activator that improves the accumulation of taxol in Taxus chinensis cells through an ABA-medicated signaling pathway which is different from JA-medicated signaling pathways for the accumulation of taxol. These findings provide new insights into the potential regulatory roles of MYBs on the expression of taxol biosynthetic genes in Taxus.
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Yu C, Huang J, Wu Q, Zhang C, Li XL, Xu X, Feng S, Zhan X, Chen Z, Wang H, Shen C. Role of female-predominant MYB39-bHLH13 complex in sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxol in Taxus media. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac062. [PMID: 35769613 PMCID: PMC9233167 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Taxus trees are major natural sources for the extraction of taxol, an anti-cancer agent used worldwide. Taxus media is a dioecious woody tree with high taxol yield. However, the sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids in T. media is largely unknown. Our study revealed high accumulation of taxoids in female T. media trees using a UPLC-MS/MS method. Thereafter, many differential metabolites and genes between female and male T. media trees were identified using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, respectively. Most of the taxol-related genes were predominantly expressed in female trees. A female-specific R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene, TmMYB39, was identified. Furthermore, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and yeast two-hybrid assays suggested the potential interaction between TmMYB39 and TmbHLH13. Several taxol biosynthesis-related promoter sequences were isolated and used for the screening of MYB recognition elements. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that TmMYB39 could bind to the promoters of the GGPPS, T10OH, T13OH, and TBT genes. Interaction between TmMYB39 and TmbHLH13 transactivated the expression of the GGPPS and T10OH genes. TmMYB39 might function in the transcriptional regulation of taxol biosynthesis through an MYB-bHLH module. Our results give a potential explanation for the sexually dimorphic biosynthesis of taxol in T. media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunna Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jiefang Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Qicong Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Chengchao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Xiao-lin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zhehao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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Raeispour Shirazi M, Rahpeyma SA, Rashidi Monfared S, Zolala J, Lohrasbi-Nejad A. Identification and in-silico characterization of taxadien-5α-ol-O-acetyltransferase (TDAT) gene in Corylus avellana L. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256704. [PMID: 34449796 PMCID: PMC8396717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel® (PC) is one of the most effective and profitable anti-cancer drugs. The most promising sources of this compound are natural materials such as tissue cultures of Taxus species and, more recently, hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). A large part of the PC biosynthetic pathway in the yew tree and a few steps in the hazelnut have been identified. Since understanding the biosynthetic pathway of plant-based medicinal metabolites is an effective step toward their development and engineering, this paper aimed to identify taxadiene-5α-ol-O-acetyltransferase (TDAT) in hazelnut. TDAT is one of the key genes involved in the third step of the PC biosynthetic pathway. In this study, the TDAT gene was isolated using the nested-PCR method and then characterized. The cotyledon-derived cell mass induced with 150 μM of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was utilized to isolate RNA and synthesize the first-strand cDNA. The full-length cDNA of TDAT is 1423 bp long and contains a 1302 bp ORF encoding 433 amino acids. The phylogenetic analysis of this gene revealed high homology with its ortholog genes in Quercus suber and Juglans regia. Bioinformatics analyses were used to predict the secondary and tertiary structures of the protein. Due to the lack of signal peptide, protein structure prediction suggested that this protein may operate at the cytoplasm. The homologous superfamily of the T5AT protein, encoded by TDAT, has two domains. The highest and lowest hydrophobicity of amino acids were found in proline 142 and lysine 56, respectively. T5AT protein fragment had 24 hydrophobic regions. The tertiary structure of this protein was designed using Modeler software (V.9.20), and its structure was verified based on the results of the Verify3D (89.46%) and ERRAT (90.3061) programs. The T5AT enzyme belongs to the superfamily of the transferase, and the amino acids histidine 164, cysteine 165, leucine 166, histidine 167, and Aspartic acid 168 resided at its active site. More characteristics of TDAT, which would aid PC engineering programs and maximize its production in hazelnut, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Raeispour Shirazi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Alsadat Rahpeyma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Sajad Rashidi Monfared
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Zolala
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azadeh Lohrasbi-Nejad
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Wang T, Li L, Zhuang W, Zhang F, Shu X, Wang N, Wang Z. Recent Research Progress in Taxol Biosynthetic Pathway and Acylation Reactions Mediated by Taxus Acyltransferases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102855. [PMID: 34065782 PMCID: PMC8151764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxol is one of the most effective anticancer drugs in the world that is widely used in the treatments of breast, lung and ovarian cancer. The elucidation of the taxol biosynthetic pathway is the key to solve the problem of taxol supply. So far, the taxol biosynthetic pathway has been reported to require an estimated 20 steps of enzymatic reactions, and sixteen enzymes involved in the taxol pathway have been well characterized, including a novel taxane-10β-hydroxylase (T10βOH) and a newly putative β-phenylalanyl-CoA ligase (PCL). Moreover, the source and formation of the taxane core and the details of the downstream synthetic pathway have been basically depicted, while the modification of the core taxane skeleton has not been fully reported, mainly concerning the developments from diol intermediates to 2-debenzoyltaxane. The acylation reaction mediated by specialized Taxus BAHD family acyltransferases (ACTs) is recognized as one of the most important steps in the modification of core taxane skeleton that contribute to the increase of taxol yield. Recently, the influence of acylation on the functional and structural diversity of taxanes has also been continuously revealed. This review summarizes the latest research advances of the taxol biosynthetic pathway and systematically discusses the acylation reactions supported by Taxus ACTs. The underlying mechanism could improve the understanding of taxol biosynthesis, and provide a theoretical basis for the mass production of taxol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Lingyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weibing Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Xiaochun Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Ning Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-84347055
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