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Decoster R. The European Health Data Space: are we prepared? Eur Radiol 2024; 34:4187-4188. [PMID: 37947836 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Decoster
- Odisee University of Applied Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.
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Karystianis G, Simpson P, Lukmanjaya W, Ginnivan N, Nenadic G, Buchan I, Butler T. Automatic Extraction of Research Themes in Epidemiological Criminology From PubMed Abstracts From 1946 to 2020: Text Mining Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e49721. [PMID: 37738080 PMCID: PMC10559193 DOI: 10.2196/49721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emerging field of epidemiological criminology studies the intersection between public health and justice systems. To increase the value of and reduce waste in research activities in this area, it is important to perform transparent research priority setting considering the needs of research beneficiaries and end users along with a systematic assessment of the existing research activities to address gaps and harness opportunities. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to examine published research outputs in epidemiological criminology to assess gaps between published outputs and current research priorities identified by prison stakeholders. METHODS A rule-based method was applied to 23,904 PubMed epidemiological criminology abstracts to extract the study determinants and outcomes (ie, "themes"). These were mapped against the research priorities identified by Australian prison stakeholders to assess the differences from research outputs. The income level of the affiliation country of the first authors was also identified to compare the ranking of research priorities in countries categorized by income levels. RESULTS On an evaluation set of 100 abstracts, the identification of themes returned an F1-score of 90%, indicating reliable performance. More than 53.3% (11,927/22,361) of the articles had at least 1 extracted theme; the most common was substance use (1533/11,814, 12.97%), followed by HIV (1493/11,814, 12.64%). The infectious disease category (2949/11,814, 24.96%) was the most common research priority category, followed by mental health (2840/11,814, 24.04%) and alcohol and other drug use (2433/11,814, 20.59%). A comparison between the extracted themes and the stakeholder priorities showed an alignment for mental health, infectious diseases, and alcohol and other drug use. Although behavior- and juvenile-related themes were common, they did not feature as prison priorities. Most studies were conducted in high-income countries (10,083/11,814, 85.35%), while countries with the lowest income status focused half of their research on infectious diseases (47/91, 52%). CONCLUSIONS The identification of research themes from PubMed epidemiological criminology research abstracts is possible through the application of a rule-based text mining method. The frequency of the investigated themes may reflect historical developments concerning disease prevalence, treatment advances, and the social understanding of illness and incarcerated populations. The differences between income status groups are likely to be explained by local health priorities and immediate health risks. Notable gaps between stakeholder research priorities and research outputs concerned themes that were more focused on social factors and systems and may reflect publication bias or self-publication selection, highlighting the need for further research on prison health services and the social determinants of health. Different jurisdictions, countries, and regions should undertake similar systematic and transparent research priority-setting processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Karystianis
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Simpson
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wilson Lukmanjaya
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Ginnivan
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Goran Nenadic
- School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchestr, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Buchan
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Butler
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Rapport F, Smith J, Hutchinson K, Clay-Williams R, Churruca K, Bierbaum M, Braithwaite J. Too much theory and not enough practice? The challenge of implementation science application in healthcare practice. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:991-1002. [PMID: 34268832 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation science (IS) should contribute to maintaining high standards of care across healthcare systems and enhancing care practices. However, despite the evident need for greater and more rapid uptake and integration of evidence in practice, IS design and methodology fall short of the needs of effective translation. AIM In this paper we examine what it is about IS that makes it so appealing for effective uptake of interventions in routine practice, and yet so difficult to achieve. We propose a number of ways that implementation scientists could build mutual relationships with healthcare practitioners and other stakeholders including public members to ensure greater shared care practices, and highlight the value of IS training, collaborative educational events, and co-designed research. DISCUSSION More consideration should be given to IS applications in healthcare contexts. Implementation scientists can make a valuable contribution by mobilizing theory and improving practice. However, goals for an evidence-based system may be more appropriately achieved through greater outreach and collaboration, with methods that are flexible to support rapid implementation in complex adaptive systems. Collective learning and mutual trust can be cultivated by embedding researchers into healthcare services while offering greater opportunities for practitioners to learn about, and engage in, implementation research. CONCLUSION To bridge the worlds of healthcare practice and IS, researchers could be more consistent in the relationships they build with professionals and the public, communicating through a shared language and co-joining practical approaches to effective implementation. This will build capacity for improved collaboration and foster respectful, interdisciplinary relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Rapport
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Smith
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Hutchinson
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn Clay-Williams
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Churruca
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mia Bierbaum
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Coiera E, Braithwaite J. Turbulence health systems: engineering a rapidly adaptive health system for times of crisis. BMJ Health Care Inform 2021; 28:bmjhci-2021-100363. [PMID: 34417204 PMCID: PMC8382666 DOI: 10.1136/bmjhci-2021-100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Coiera
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Frameworks for Change in Hearing Research: Valuing Qualitative Methods in the Real World. Ear Hear 2020; 41 Suppl 1:91S-98S. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rapport F, Smith J, O'Brien TA, Tyrrell VJ, Mould EV, Long JC, Gul H, Braithwaite J. Development of an implementation and evaluation strategy for the Australian 'Zero Childhood Cancer' (Zero) Program: a study protocol. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034522. [PMID: 32580982 PMCID: PMC7312332 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective implementation of a research Program requires an actionable plan to guide execution. To assess the actionability and success of that plan, both scientific and implementation elements must be taken into account. The aim of this study is to assess the 'Zero Childhood Cancer Personalised Medicine Program' (the Zero Program), an Australian first-ever and most comprehensive personalised medicine programme for children with high-risk or relapsed cancer, in terms of its structure, process and implementational effect. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will assess Program delivery mechanisms. The development of the implementation and evaluation strategy will concentrate on the work of the Zero Program as a complex whole. This includes the structure of collaborative links across stakeholder groups involved in Program development and delivery, changes to collaborative relationships over time and the impact of group working on Program outcomes. We are applying a mixed-methods design including: a rapid ethnography (observations of stakeholder interactions and informal conversations), Program professionals' completion of a rapid health implementation proforma and a social network analysis. Formative evaluations of the implementation science effects, applying feedback techniques, for example, Formative Evaluation Feedback Loops and the Zero Program professionals' feedback, will determine where Program tailoring may be needed. A repeat of the social network analysis downstream will examine network changes over time, followed by an expert panel using the expert recommendations for implementing change to assess the integration of implementation strategies into the Program structure. A summative evaluation of the Program will bring the research elements together, leading to comprehensive data triangulation and determining the sustainability and implementational effects of Program delivery. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval for this study has been granted by Hunter New England Research Ethics Committee, New South Wales, Australia (approval ref: 2019/ETH12025). Knowledge translation will be achieved through publications, reports and conference presentations to healthcare professionals, patients, families and researchers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03336931; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Rapport
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Smith
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracey A O'Brien
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vanessa J Tyrrell
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily Va Mould
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janet C Long
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hossai Gul
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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Smith J, Rapport F, O’Brien TA, Smith S, Tyrrell VJ, Mould EVA, Long JC, Gul H, Cullis J, Braithwaite J. The rise of rapid implementation: a worked example of solving an existing problem with a new method by combining concept analysis with a systematic integrative review. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:449. [PMID: 32438909 PMCID: PMC7240003 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of rapid implementation has emerged in the literature recently, but without a precise definition. Further exploration is required to distinguish the concept's unique meanings and significance from the perspective of implementation science. The study clarifies the concept of rapid implementation and identifies its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. We present a theoretical definition of rapid implementation to clarify its unique meaning and characteristics. METHODS Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method, combined with a systematic integrative review, were used to clarify the concept of rapid implementation. A comprehensive search of four databases, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and WEB OF SCIENCE was conducted, as well as relevant journals and reference lists of retrieved studies. After searching databases, 2442 papers were identified from 1963 to 2019; 24 articles were found to fit the inclusion criteria to capture data on rapid implementation from across healthcare settings in four countries. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive thematic analysis. RESULTS The results locate the introduction of rapid implementation, informed by implementation science. Guidance for further conceptualisation to bridge the gap between research and practice and redefine rigour, adapting methods used (current approaches, procedures and frameworks), and challenging clinical trial design (efficacy-effectiveness-implementation pipeline) is provided. CONCLUSIONS It is possible that we are on the cusp of a paradigm shift within implementation brought about by the need for faster results into practice and policy. Researchers can benefit from a deeper understanding of the rapid implementation concept to guide future implementation of rapid actionable results in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Smith
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute for Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Frances Rapport
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute for Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Tracey A. O’Brien
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie Smith
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027 Australia
- Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
| | - Vanessa J. Tyrrell
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, C25/9 High Street, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW, Sydney, 2750 Australia
| | - Emily V. A. Mould
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, C25/9 High Street, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW, Sydney, 2750 Australia
| | - Janet C. Long
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute for Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Hossai Gul
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute for Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Jeremy Cullis
- Clinical librarian, Information Access and Advisory Services, Macquarie University Library, Macquarie University, 16 Macquarie Walk, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute for Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Level 6, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia
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Bird M, Strachan PH. Complexity science education for clinical nurse researchers. J Prof Nurs 2020; 36:50-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Rapport F, Francis-Auton E, Cartmill J, Ryder T, Braithwaite J, Clay-Williams R. A mobile methods pilot study of surgical spaces: 'fit for purpose? Organisational productivity and workforce wellbeing in workspaces in hospital' (FLOURISH). BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:78. [PMID: 32013980 PMCID: PMC6998284 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-4938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Good workspace design is key to the quality of work, safety, and wellbeing for workers, yet we lack vital knowledge about optimal hospital design to meet healthcare workforce needs. This study used novel mobile methods to examine the concept of Work-as-Done and the effect of workspace-use on healthcare professional practice, productivity, health and safety in an Australian university hospital. Methods This pilot study took place in one gastroenterological surgical unit between 2018 and 2019. Data collection involved 50 h of observations and informal conversations, followed by interpretation of five architectural plans and 45 photographs. Fieldnotes were thematically analysed and corroborated by analysis of visual data using a predefined taxonomy. Results Six themes were identified, revealing spaces that both support and hinder Work-as-Done. Fit-for-purpose spaces facilitated effective communication between staff, patients and families, conferred relative comfort and privacy, and supported effective teamwork. Unfit-for-purpose spaces were characterised by disruptions to work practices, disharmony among team members, and physical discomfort for staff. Staff employed workarounds to manage unfit-for-purpose spaces. Conclusion The results identified negative impacts of negotiating unfit-for-purpose workspaces on the work and wellbeing of staff. While the use of workarounds and adaptations enable staff to maintain everyday working practices, they can also lead to unexpected consequences. Results indicated the need to identify and support fit-for-purpose spaces and minimize the detrimental qualities of unfit-for-purpose spaces. This study showed that mobile methods were suitable for examining Work-as-Done in a fast-moving, adaptive hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Rapport
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Emilie Francis-Auton
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Cartmill
- Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Tayhla Ryder
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn Clay-Williams
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Pawson R. The "pragmatic trial": An essentially contested concept? J Eval Clin Pract 2019; 25:943-954. [PMID: 31313412 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For over 50 years, clinical research methodology has wrestled with the problem of the lack of correspondence between tests of treatments and applications of treatments. The former comprise of trials featuring scrupulous control of patient eligibility, treatment compliance, clinician expertise, follow-up intensity, and so on. In applying a validated treatment, the practitioner has to confront considerable real-world variation in potential patients and in implementation regimes. The remedy, going by the name of "pragmatic trials," is to conduct clinical trials in conditions corresponding more closely to everyday practice. This solution has proved easier to utter than to execute, and the paper reviews the extensive literature on pragmatic trials, seeking to assess whether it has terminated in clarity or contestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Pawson
- School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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