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Chen S, Chen XY, Huang ZH, Fang AP, Li SY, Huang RZ, Chen YM, Huang BX, Zhu HL. Correlation between serum trimethylamine-N-oxide and body fat distribution in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study. Nutr J 2024; 23:70. [PMID: 38982486 PMCID: PMC11234726 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is linked with obesity, while limited evidence on its relationship with body fat distribution. Herein, we investigated the associations between serum TMAO and longitudinal change of fat distribution in this prospective cohort study. METHODS Data of 1964 participants (40-75y old) from Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) during 2008-2014 was analyzed. Serum TMAO concentration was quantified by HPLC-MS/MS at baseline. The body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at each 3-y follow-up. Fat distribution parameters were fat-to-lean mass ratio (FLR) and trunk-to-leg fat ratio (TLR). Fat distribution changes were derived from the coefficient of linear regression between their parameters and follow-up duration. RESULTS After an average of 6.2-y follow-up, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and linear regression displayed women with higher serum TMAO level had greater increments in trunk FLR (mean ± SD: 1.47 ± 4.39, P-trend = 0.006) and TLR (mean ± SD: 0.06 ± 0.24, P-trend = 0.011). Meanwhile, for women in the highest TMAO tertile, linear mixed-effects model (LMEM) analysis demonstrated the annual estimated increments (95% CI) were 0.03 (95% CI: 0.003 - 0.06, P = 0.032) in trunk FLR and 1.28 (95% CI: -0.17 - 2.73, P = 0.083) in TLR, respectively. In men, there were no similar significant observations. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. CONCLUSION Serum TMAO displayed a more profound correlation with increment of FLR and TLR in middle-aged and older community-dwelling women in current study. More and further studies are still warranted in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03179657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zi-Hui Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Shu-Yi Li
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Rong-Zhu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Xia Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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Sales WB, Mâcedo SGGF, Gonçalves RSDSA, Andrade LELD, Ramalho CST, de Souza GF, Maciel ÁCC. Use of electrical bioimpedance in the assessment of sarcopenia in the older aldults: A scoping review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 39:373-381. [PMID: 38876654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to map and synthesize the main evidence on the use of bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and its variables in the assessment of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This is a scoping review carried out by searching for articles available in four databases: PUBMED, LILACS, Web of Science and CINAHL, with the following search strategy: Body Composition AND Sarcopenia AND ″electric impedance'' OR ″bioelectrical impedance analysis'' AND Aged. RESULTS A total of 27,660 older adults made up the sum of the samples of the included studies. Most studies included participants of both sexes (75.6%), used the variable skeletal and/or appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) (75.6%), followed by body fat (8.1%), and phase angle (8.1%) in the assessment of the body composition of subjects with sarcopenia. CONCLUSION The data from this research show that ASMM and phase angle are the main variables related to sarcopenia screening in community-dwelling older adults. Whereas total extracellular water/body water is still considered a confounding variable in the screening of sarcopenia in the elderly, but it can be considered useful regarding the health conditions of the elderly in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslley Barbosa Sales
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado, Filho, 3000, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Luiz Eduardo Lima de Andrade
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado, Filho, 3000, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Sousa Truta Ramalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado, Filho, 3000, Brazil.
| | - Gérson Fonseca de Souza
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado, Filho, 3000, Brazil.
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Liao X, Cheng D, Li J, Zhu L, Zhang S, Jing X, Shi L. Effects of oral oligopeptide preparation and exercise intervention in older people with sarcopenia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38500043 PMCID: PMC10946144 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition and exercise are important interventions for sarcopenia. There were few studies on oral oligopeptide nutrition preparations combined with exercise to intervene in the older people with sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of oligopeptide nutrition preparation combined with exercise intervention on the older people with sarcopenia in community. METHODS A total of 219 subjects aged 65 years or older with sarcopenia were randomly divided into 4 groups. The nutrition group (n = 58) was given individualized nutrition education and oral oligopeptide nutrition preparation. The exercise group (n = 50) received exercise intervention. The combined group (n = 52) received both oral nutrition preparation and exercise interventions. The control group (n = 59) only received individualized nutrition education. The nutrition preparation can provide energy 185kcal and protein 24.2g per day. The exercise intervention including warm-up exercise, resistance exercise and aerobic exercise, the training time was 60min for 5 times every week. The intervention lasted for 16 weeks. Hand grip strength, gait speed, body composition and hematology parameters were measured before and after intervention. RESULTS A total of 159 subjects completed the study. Compared with baseline, the left grip strength and 6-m walking speed of the subjects in nutrition group increased significantly after the intervention, and the grip strength of both hands in exercise group and combined group increased significantly. The body weight of the subjects in nutrition group, exercise group and combined group increased significantly after intervention, but no increase in soft lean mass (SLM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was observed in any of the four groups. The fat-free mass (FFM) of the legs of the control group, exercise group and nutrition group decreased after intervention, and only the FFM of the legs of the combined group maintained the level before the intervention. CONCLUSION Both oral peptide nutrition and exercise interventions can improve the muscle strength or function of the older people with sarcopenia. However, there were no increases in muscle mass observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100052135. Registered 20 October 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=135743.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daomei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Zhengxing Community Health Service Center of Tianfu New District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Suqiong Zhang
- Shibantan Community Health Service Center of Xindu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofan Jing
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Voulgaridou G, Tyrovolas S, Detopoulou P, Tsoumana D, Drakaki M, Apostolou T, Chatziprodromidou IP, Papandreou D, Giaginis C, Papadopoulou SK. Diagnostic Criteria and Measurement Techniques of Sarcopenia: A Critical Evaluation of the Up-to-Date Evidence. Nutrients 2024; 16:436. [PMID: 38337720 PMCID: PMC10856900 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive skeletal muscle mass and function decline, poses a significant health risk among the elderly, contributing to frailty, falls, hospitalization, loss of independence and mortality. The prevalence of sarcopenia varies significantly based on various factors, such as living status, demographics, measurement techniques and diagnostic criteria. Although the overall prevalence is reported at 10% in individuals aged 60 and above, disparities exist across settings, with higher rates in nursing homes and hospitals. Additionally, the differences in prevalence between Asian and non-Asian countries highlight the impact of cultural and ethnic factors, and variations in diagnostic criteria, cut-off values and assessment methods contribute to the observed heterogeneity in reported rates. This review outlines diverse diagnostic criteria and several measurement techniques supporting decision making in clinical practice. Moreover, it facilitates the selection of appropriate tools to assess sarcopenia, emphasizing its multifactorial nature. Various scientific groups, including the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS), the American Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC), have published consensus papers outlining diverse definitions of sarcopenia. The choice of diagnostic criteria should be aligned with the specific objectives of the study or clinical practice, considering the characteristics of the study population and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
- WHOCC Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Tsoumana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Mariella Drakaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Thomas Apostolou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, College of Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece;
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
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Pham LAT, Nguyen BT, Huynh DT, Nguyen BMLT, Tran PAN, Van Vo T, Bui HHT, Thai TT. Community-based prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in the Vietnamese elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17. [PMID: 38168916 PMCID: PMC10761948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle mass decline, is one of the leading health problems in the elderly. This study determined the rate of sarcopenia according to criteria by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and related factors in elderly people. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 632 people aged 60 years or over in Ho Chi Minh City. Data were collected through a predefined questionnaire and direct measurement. Sarcopenia was identified based on the Inbody 770 machine and AWGS criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.0%. Participants with advanced age, low education, unemployment, low level of family economics and frailty were more likely to have sarcopenia. Among these, frailty had the highest impact on sarcopenia, with significantly higher odds of having sarcopenia found in participants with pre-frailty (OR = 4.80, 95% CI 2.75-8.38, p < 0.001) and frailty (OR = 21.16, 95% CI 8.96-49.97, p < 0.001). In contrast, BMI was inversely associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is prevalent in the Vietnamese elderly. Apart from social demographic characteristics including age, education, employment and family economic status, frailty appeared to be an important risk factor. Early screening, referral, and treatment of sarcopenia among the elderly having a high risk of sarcopenia are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Anh Thi Pham
- Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, 126 Nguyen Thien Thanh Street, Ward 5, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam.
| | - Dao Tieu Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh-Minh Le Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong-Anh Nhat Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Laboratory Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tam Van Vo
- Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hy-Han Thi Bui
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Liu J, Chen X. Comparison between bioelectrical impedance analyses and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for accuracy in assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass and diagnosing sarcopenia in hospitalized Chinese older adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35250. [PMID: 37773822 PMCID: PMC10545164 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and investigate the accuracy of BIA in assessing appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and diagnosing sarcopenia. A total of 90 elderly patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from 2019 to 2020 were collected, including 42 males and 48 females. All patients underwent BIA and DXA examinations. Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were used to compare the differences between BIA and DXA in assessing ASM and diagnosing sarcopenia. ASM measured by BIA was higher than ASM measured by DXA, and there was statistical significance for all differences (P < .001); Pearson correlation analysis showed that ASM measured by BIA and DXA was positively correlated in both male (R = 0.94) and female (R = 0.97) patients (P < .001); Bland-Altman analysis showed that there was a high consistency between ASM detected by BIA and DXA; The detection rate of low muscle mass and sarcopenia by BIA and DXA was not statistically significant (P > .05). BIA (InBody720) has high accuracy in assessing ASM and diagnosing sarcopenia in hospitalized Chinese older adults, and has the advantages of convenient use, no radiation, and easy promotion, so it can be used as an early screening tool in primary hospitals lacking DXA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Luo S, Chen X, Hou L, Yue J, Liu X, Xia X, Cao L, Dong B. Cut-off points of the Ishii test to diagnosing severe sarcopenia among multi-ethnic middle-aged to older adults: results from the West China Health and Aging Trend study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1176128. [PMID: 37425295 PMCID: PMC10323675 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1176128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to establish the cut-off value and diagnostic utility of the Ishii test, which gauges the odds of severe sarcopenia based on the results of an equation based upon age, grip strength, and calf circumference among middle-aged and older adults in Western China. Methods This study incorporated adults ≥ 50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Severe sarcopenia was defined as per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus (AWGS2019) recommendations, with the odds of severe sarcopenia being estimated with the Ishii test score chart. The diagnostic utility of the Ishii test in this patient cohort was assessed by analyzing its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results In total, 4,177 individuals ≥ 50 years of age were included in this study including 2668 females (63.9%) and 1,509 males (36.1%). These included 568 (13.6%) participants affected by severe sarcopenia, of whom 237 were male (15.7%) and 331 were female (12.4%). Optimal Ishii test cut-off values established based on Youden's index were ≥ 114 for males and ≥ 120 for females when using the AWGS2019 reference standard. The sensitivity/specificity/PPV/NPV of the Ishii test when screening for severe sarcopenia were 89.45%/77.15%/0.42/0.98 in males and 90.03%/77.05%/0.36/0.98 in females. The AUC values for the Ishii test in males and females were 0.899 (95% CI, 0.883-0.916) and 0.905 (95% CI, 0.892-0.917), respectively. Conclusion These data indicate that the Ishii test offers value as a candidate diagnostic test that can be used to screen for severe sarcopenia, with recommended diagnostic cut-off values of ≥ 114 for males and ≥ 120 for females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong, China
| | - Lisha Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Jung UJ. Sarcopenic Obesity: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Beneficial Role of Antioxidant Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051063. [PMID: 37237929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity, which refers to concurrent sarcopenia and obesity, is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and performance along with abnormally excessive fat mass. Sarcopenic obesity has received considerable attention as a major health threat in older people. However, it has recently become a health problem in the general population. Sarcopenic obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome and other complications such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, liver disease, lung disease, renal disease, mental disease and functional disability. The pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity is multifactorial and complicated, and it is caused by insulin resistance, inflammation, hormonal changes, decreased physical activity, poor diet and aging. Oxidative stress is a core mechanism underlying sarcopenic obesity. Some evidence indicates a protective role of antioxidant flavonoids in sarcopenic obesity, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the general characteristics and pathophysiology of sarcopenic obesity and focuses on the role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity. The potential benefits of flavonoids in sarcopenic obesity have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Zhu X, Wang J, Lu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang N, Wu W, Zhang Y, Fu Y. Potential of Food Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides against Sarcopenia: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5419-5437. [PMID: 36988097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related progressive muscle disorder characterized by accelerated loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, which are important causes of physiological dysfunctions in the elderly. At present, the main alleviating method includes protein supplements to stimulate synthesis of muscle proteins. Food protein-derived peptides containing abundant branched-chain amino acids have a remarkable effect on the improvement of sarcopenia. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism and clarifying the structure-activity relationship is essential for the mitigation of sarcopenia. This present review recaps the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcopenia, which facilitates a comprehensive understanding of sarcopenia. Moreover, the latest research progress on food-derived antisarcopenic peptides is reviewed, including their antisarcopenic activity, molecular mechanism as well as structural characteristics. Food-derived bioactive peptides can indeed alleviate/mitigate sarcopenia. These antisarcopenic peptides play a pivotal role mainly by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathways and inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome system and AMPK pathway, thus promoting the synthesis of muscle proteins and inhibiting their degradation. Antisarcopenic peptides alleviate sarcopenia via specific peptides, which may be absorbed into the circulation and exhibit their bioactivity in intact forms. The present review provides a theoretical reference for mitigation and prevention of sarcopenia by food protein-derived bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuchen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Gu P, Tao D, Xu Y, Yang Q, Bai T, Hu S, Yang X. Osteocalcin inhibits myocyte aging through promotion of starvation-induced autophagy via IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112082. [PMID: 36621698 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of osteocalcin on autophagy in myoblasts, as well as its possible therapeutic effects in aging muscle. Starved murine myoblast C2C12 cells with or without interleukin (IL)-6 siRNA were treated with osteocalcin. Expression of the autophagy protein marker LC3, as well as IL-6 and phosphorylated STAT3 were detected by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, or immunohistochemistry. Autophagosomes were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by flow cytometry. Fasted young mice were injected intraperitoneally with osteocalcin, with or without the JAK inhibitor CP-690550 to inhibit IL-6 signaling. Older mice were treated with osteocalcin and muscle mass, grip strength and muscle structure were assessed. The results revealed that compared to control and serum-starved cells, osteocalcin treatment significantly increased the relative expression of LC3-II/LC3-I protein, the numbers of autophagosomes, and levels of intracellular ROS. Osteocalcin injection in mice also resulted in increased relative LC3-II/LC3-I protein expression and autophagosome numbers. Osteocalcin treatment significantly increased the secretion of IL-6 in muscle cells and tissue, and activated STAT3 signaling. Moreover, knockdown of IL-6 or blocking IL-6 signaling inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3, and further inhibited autophagy in starved myoblasts and fasting-treated murine muscle tissue. In addition, osteocalcin treatment significantly increased muscle mass and grip strength in both aged mice and aged fasting mice. In conclusion, the inhibition of osteocalcin on muscle cell aging is accompanied by the induction of IL-6-STAT3-dependent autophagy, indicating osteocalcin might be a promising therapeutic candidate for aging-related myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengying Gu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Daidi Tao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Master of Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200000, PR China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Department of Geriatrics, Dongfeng General Hospital of Sinopharm, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, PR China
| | - Shilian Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China.
| | - Xingyuan Yang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
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11
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Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Oliveira I, Santos M, Pinto G, Moreira H. Distance to Natural Environments, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Body Composition in Women: An Exploratory Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3647. [PMID: 36834342 PMCID: PMC9967458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that living close to nature is associated with better health and well-being. However, the literature still lacks studies analyzing the benefits of this proximity for sleep and obesity, particularly in women. The purpose of this study was to explore how distance to natural spaces is reflected in women's physical activity, sleep, and adiposity levels. The sample consisted of 111 adult women (37.78 ± 14.70). Accessibility to green and blue spaces was assessed using a geographic-information-system-based method. Physical activity and sleep parameters were measured using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT), and body composition was assessed using octopolar bioimpedance (InBody 720). Nonlinear canonical correlation analysis was used to analyze the data. Our findings reveal that women living in green spaces close to their homes had lower levels of obesity and intra-abdominal adiposity. We also demonstrated that a shorter distance to green spaces seemed to correlate with better sleep onset latency. However, no relationship was found between physical activity and sleep duration. In relation to blue spaces, the distance to these environments was not related to any health indicator analyzed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Martinho
- Department of Geology, Geociencies Centre (CGeo), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics (CEMAT-IST), Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory of Fluvial and Terrestrial Ecology, Innovation and Development Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, Rua do Comercio, 100, Buriticupu 65393-000, MA, Brazil
| | - Graça Pinto
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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12
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Casimiro-Andújar AJ, Artés-Rodríguez E, Díez-Fernández DM, Lirola MJ. Effects of a Physical Exercise Programme through Service-Learning Methodology on Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Perception of Physical Fitness and Health in University Students from Spain: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3377. [PMID: 36834072 PMCID: PMC9962317 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The practice of physical activity has been reported on countless occasions for the benefits it has on people's holistic health. However, today's society has high levels of inactivity and sedentary lifestyles, which highlights the importance of promoting active and healthy states in the population. As a mechanism to improve body composition, physical condition and perceived values of one's own physical condition and health status, the implementation of a strength training programme in the university community was proposed using a methodology based on Service-Learning. The participants were 12 students as coaches and 57 students from different university degrees as coachees (17 boys and 40 girls); the ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 33 years (M = 22.00; SD = 2.96). The variables of body composition, physical fitness, physical activity level and perception of fitness and health were assessed. Differences between pre- and post-intervention results were analysed using the Student's t-test and Wilcoxon test for ordinal self-perception variables. The results showed significant improvements in all the variables evaluated after the intervention. In conclusion, we would like to highlight the benefits of physical activity and the need to continue implementing action and intervention plans to encourage and promote its practice in all sectors of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Jesús Casimiro-Andújar
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Sport Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Eva Artés-Rodríguez
- Area of Statistics and Operative Research, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - David M. Díez-Fernández
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Sport Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Lirola
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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13
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Chang CL, Li YR, Wang ZY, Li ML, Jia KY, Sun HX, Wang Q, Zhao C, Lu X, Gao W. Serum Retinol Binding Protein 4 as a Potential Biomarker for Sarcopenia in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:34-41. [PMID: 35857418 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and function due to aging. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine with pro-inflammatory effects. However, the change of RBP4 concentration and its role in sarcopenia remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of serum RBP4 level with sarcopenia in the older adults. A total of 816 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years were enrolled. Serum RBP4 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), grip strength, and gait speed were measured. We found that serum RBP4 levels were higher in patients with sarcopenia when compared with those without sarcopenias (44.3 [33.9-57.7] vs 38.0 [28.0-48.4] μg/mL). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the optimal cutoff value of serum RBP4 level that predicted sarcopenia was 38.79 μg/mL with a sensitivity of 67.8% and a specificity of 53.3%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with a higher level of RBP4 had a higher risk of sarcopenia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.036, 95% CI = 1.449-2.861). Serum RBP4 concentration was negatively correlated with grip strength (r = -.098), gait speed (r = -.186), and AMSI (r = -.096). Moreover, serum RBP4 levels were higher in patients with severe sarcopenia when compared with those with moderate sarcopenia (49.0 [37.3-61.2] vs 40.4 [31.3-51.2] μg/mL). Taken together, our results demonstrate that serum RBP4 level is correlated with the risk and severity of sarcopenia in the older adults, indicating that RBP4 might serve as a surrogate biomarker for the screening and evaluation of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lu Chang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Ru Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Yue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Lin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai-Yue Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Xian Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Isaka M, Sugimoto K, Akasaka H, Yasunobe Y, Takahashi T, Xie K, Onishi Y, Yoshida S, Minami T, Yamamoto K, Kamide K, Rakugi H. The Muscle Thickness Assessment Using Ultrasonography is a Useful Alternative to Skeletal Muscle Mass by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1851-1861. [PMID: 36545348 PMCID: PMC9762259 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s385469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Muscle mass, a key index for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, is currently assessed using the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Muscle thickness (MT) assessed by ultrasonography (US) may be a better determinant and/or predictor of muscle condition than ASMI. Thus, we compared it to the ASMI determined by the BIA. Patients and Methods Our study included 165 ambulatory older adults (84 males, 81 females, mean age: 76.82 years). The ASMI by the BIA method, MT by US, and the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were examined using defined values for men and women. These were used as the basis for examining the association of MT and ASMI with handgrip strength (HGS), leg muscle strength (LMS), gait speed (GS), and echo intensity (EI). We compared HGS, LMS, GS, and EI for high and low ASMI among lower BMI or BFP. The same was also done for MT assessed by US. Results MT, as well as ASMI, was strongly associated with HGS and LMS. There was a correlation between MT and GS and EI but not between ASMI and GS and EI. There were significant differences in the prevalence between high ASMI and high MT or low ASMI and low MT in those with lower BMI or BFP. In non-overweight participants, HGS, LMS, GS, and EI were significantly higher in those with high MT than in those with low MT; however, there were no significant differences in them between those with high and low ASMI. Conclusion In the non-overweight group, the MT assessment by US showed a stronger relationship to muscle strength and muscle quality than the ASMI assessment by BIA. The MT assessment using US is a useful alternative to BIA-assessed ASMI, especially in non-overweight participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Isaka
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan,Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan,Physical Therapy, Osaka Yukioka College of Health Science, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan,Department of General Geriatric Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Okayama, Japan,Correspondence: Ken Sugimoto, Department of General Geriatric Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan, Tel +81 86 225 2111, Fax +81 86 232 8343, Email
| | - Hiroshi Akasaka
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yasunobe
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Takahashi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyu Xie
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Onishi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shino Yoshida
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Minami
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan,Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Yim J, Son NH, Kim KM, Yoon D, Cho Y, Kyong T, Moon JY, Yi TI, Lee SG, Park Y, Lee JJ, Kim KA, Lee JE, Kim JH. Establishment of muscle mass-based indications for the cystatin C test in renal function evaluation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1021936. [PMID: 36530922 PMCID: PMC9747759 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1021936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to suggest muscle mass-based criteria for using of the cystatin C test for the accurate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 138 Korean subjects and evaluated eGFRcr (derived from Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) based on creatinine) was compared to eGFRcys based on cystatin C as the reference value. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used as representative of muscle mass. Calf circumference (CC) was also evaluated. We defined the patients by eGFRcr as those with values of eGFRcr ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 but eGFRcys < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 as the detection of hidden renal impairment (DHRI). Cut-off values were determined based on muscle mass for the cases of DHRI suggesting the criteria of cystatin C test in renal function evaluation. RESULTS We confirmed significant negative correlation between %difference of eGFRcr from eGFRcys and SMI (r, -0.592 for male, -0.484 for female) or CC (r, -0.646 for male, -0.351 for female). SMI of 7.3 kg/m2 for males and 5.7 kg/m2 for females were suggested to be significant cutoffs for indication of cystatin C test. We also suggested CC would be valuable for cystatin C indication. CONCLUSION We suggested the muscle mass-based objective criteria relating to SMI and CC that would indicate the use of cystatin C to evaluate renal function test in sarcopenic cases. Our results highlight the importance of muscle mass-based selection of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisook Yim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Dukyong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Yonggeun Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Taeyoung Kyong
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Ja-Young Moon
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Tae Im Yi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sang-Guk Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yongjung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Joo Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
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16
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Yin M, Zhang H, Liu Q, Ding F, Hou L, Deng Y, Cui T, Han Y, Chen Y, Huang C, Yue J, He Y. Determination of skeletal muscle mass by aspartate aminotransferase / alanine aminotransferase ratio, insulin and FSH in Chinese women with sarcopenia. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:893. [PMID: 36419004 PMCID: PMC9682777 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle disorder that involves a loss of muscle mass or strength and physiological function. Skeletal muscle deteriorates in both quantity and quality. The endocrine system is an important regulator of muscle metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between biochemical markers and muscle mass in sarcopenia. METHODS We used the AWGS 2014 as the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, considering both the loss in muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. A total of 2837 elderly female participants over 50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were included. Insulin, glucose, 25(OH)VD, procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, prealbumin, albumin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, cortisol, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. Based on the findings of univariate analysis, multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established. RESULTS Participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower free triiodothyronine, insulin, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, albumin/prealbumin ratio (A/G), alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Compared with those without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had significantly higher free tetraiodothyronine, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT), and high-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Insulin (OR = 0.854), FSH (OR = 1.016), and the AST/ALT ratio (OR = 1.819) were independent risk factors for low muscle mass (P < 0.001). The AUC of insulin was the highest, followed by the AST/ALT ratio and FSH (0.691, 0.671, and 0.634, respectively), and the AUC of the mixture of the above three reached 0.736. CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study of elderly Chinese females aged over 50 years from the WCHAT, FSH, insulin, and AST/ALT ratio were associated with sarcopenia and risk factors for low muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yin
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - He Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Qianhui Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Fei Ding
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Lisha Hou
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yiping Deng
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Tao Cui
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yixian Han
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yijun Chen
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Chen Huang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Jirong Yue
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yong He
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
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17
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Moon SW, Kim KJ, Lee HS, Yun YM, Kim JE, Chun YJ, Kim CO. Low muscle mass, low muscle function, and sarcopenia in the urban and rural elderly. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14314. [PMID: 35995980 PMCID: PMC9395512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Health outcomes of the elderly vary between rural and urban areas. Sarcopenia is diagnosed as loss of muscle strength or impaired physical performance, namely "low muscle function" and low muscle mass. Outcomes of low muscle mass and low muscle function are not equal. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low muscle mass, low muscle function, and sarcopenia in rural and urban populations and to determine whether regional differences were associated with each of these components. Participants aged ≥ 69 years (n = 2354) were recruited from three urban districts and one rural district in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined by appendicular lean mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Low muscle function was defined by handgrip strength and 5-chair stand test. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass plus low muscle function. The prevalence of low muscle function (53.7% vs. 72.8%), and sarcopenia (16.3% vs. 24.4%) were higher in the rural elderly population. Rural residence was associated with low muscle function (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.13-2.37, P = 0.009), but not with low muscle mass (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.22-1.54, P = 0.271) or with sarcopenia (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.63-2.00, P = 0.683). Interventions to detect and improve low muscle function in rural elderly population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woo Moon
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Joon Kim
- Division of Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Lee
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Division of Integrated Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Yun
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Chun
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Severance Executive Healthcare Clinic, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Yang Y, Zhang Q, He C, Chen J, Deng D, Lu W, Wang Y. Prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in women than in men: a cross-sectional study from a rural area in eastern China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13678. [PMID: 35935249 PMCID: PMC9354735 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There were limited studies specifically evaluating whether the difference of the prevalence of sarcopenia exists in men and women in older adults from rural areas in China. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia between men and women in a rural area in eastern China and to explore the underlying causes. Methods This study included 1,105 participants aged 60-89 years. Muscle mass was measured by bio-electrical impedance analysis. Hand grip strength was measured by Jamar Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia-2019 Consensus. Data were analyzed using log-binomial and linear regression. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 21.7% in women and 12.9% in men among the study cohort. After adjusting for age, education level, number of diseases, income level, smoking, drinking, and eating habits, proportion of people with sarcopenia was 1.49-fold greater in women than in men (PR = 1.49, 95% CI [1.01-2.26], P = 0.055). Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly women in this rural area of eastern China is higher than in men, suggesting that women in rural areas in China seem to be more vulnerable for sarcopenia, thus early screening and prevention need to be provided for them to address such gender disparity in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caihong He
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danfeng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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19
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A Comparative Study of High-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry for Estimating Body Composition. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12070994. [PMID: 35888083 PMCID: PMC9323664 DOI: 10.3390/life12070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Though bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a favorable tool for assessing body composition to estimate nutritional status and physical fitness, such as sarcopenia, there are accuracy issues. Hence, high-frequency (HF) BIA equipment uses an additional frequency of 2 and 3 MHz and has been developed as a commercial model. However, there are no studies validating the accuracy and safety of HF-BIA. Therefore, this study aims to assess the validity of HF-BIA in analyzing body composition relative to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Appendicular lean mass (ALM), fat-free mass (FFM), and percentage of body fat (PBF) were assessed by HF-BIA and DEXA in 109 individuals; 50.5% (n = 55) were males. The average age and body mass index (BMI) were 43.4 ± 14.7 years and 25.5 ± 6.7 in males and 44.9 ± 14.1 years and 24.0 ± 6.4 in females, respectively. The HF-BIA results showed a high correlation with the DEXA results for assessing ALM (standard coefficient beta (β) ≥ 0.95), FFM (β ≥ 0.98, coefficient of determinations (R2) ≥ 0.95), and PBF (β ≥ 0.94, R2 ≥ 0.89). Body composition measured by HF-BIA demonstrated good agreement with DEXA in Korean adults.
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20
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Jiang S, Ding Y, Kang L. Impact of sarcopenia on intertrochanteric femoral fracture in the elderly. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13445. [PMID: 35726258 PMCID: PMC9206433 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of skeletal sarcopenia on the prognosis of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. Methods We collected information on 144 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture (FIF). The influence of sarcopenia on the chance of death was determined using binary Probit regression analysis. For additional analysis, the Chow test was utilized to select the best distinguishing node in the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) score. We looked for characteristics that were linked to a higher probability of death and a poor IADL outcome within 1 year. The data collected above were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The internal calibration degree and model validity were assessed by GiViTI calibration. Results Sarcopenia, EuroQol-5D 1 month score, age, gender, and hypertension were identified as risk factors for death in older patients with FIF within a year by logistic regression analysis. Sarcopenia, psychotropics, BMI, and length of hospital stay were all found to be risk factors for poor IADL outcomes (P < 0.1). The calibration curves indicated that the anticipated and actual probabilities of these two models were very close. The study's reliability coefficient was 0.671, showing a satisfactory level of reliability. Conclusion In elderly patients with FIF, sarcopenia, EuroQol-5D score, age, gender, and hypertension were risk factors for death; sarcopenia, hospital stay length, BMI were risk factors for poor quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Jiang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjng Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China,The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Wafangdian Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning province, China
| | - Lixing Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Langfang People’s Hospital, Langfang, Hebei Province, China
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21
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Koo BK. Assessment of Muscle Quantity, Quality and Function. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:9-16. [PMID: 35318289 PMCID: PMC8987447 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that can increase the risk of physical disability, chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, and long-term mortality. Sarcopenia adversely affects not only the elderly population, but also young adults. This review provides updated definitions of sarcopenia and recommendations for the assessment of muscle quantity and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Kim Y, Chang Y, Ryu S, Cho IY, Kwon MJ, Wild SH, Byrne CD. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and the risk of low muscle mass in young and middle-aged Korean adults. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:477-487. [PMID: 35147511 PMCID: PMC8942330 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the known benefit of vitamin D in reducing sarcopenia risk in older adults, its effect against muscle loss in the young population is unknown. We aimed to examine the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level and its changes over time with the risk of incident low muscle mass (LMM) in young and middle-aged adults. DESIGN This study is a cohort study. METHODS The study included Korean adults (median age: 36.9 years) without LMM at baseline followed up for a median of 3.9 years (maximum: 7.3 years). LMM was defined as the appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) mass by body weight (ASM/weight) of 1 s.d. below the sex-specific mean for the young reference group. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS Of the 192,908 individuals without LMM at baseline, 19,526 developed LMM. After adjusting for potential confounders, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident LMM comparing 25(OH)D levels of 25-<50, 50-<75, and ≥75 nmol/L to 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L were 0.93 (0.90-0.97), 0.85 (0.81-0.89), and 0.77 (0.71-0.83), respectively. The inverse association of 25(OH)D with incident LMM was consistently observed in young (aged <40 years) and older individuals (aged ≥40 years). Individuals with increased 25(OH)D levels (<50-≥50 nmol/L) or persistently adequate 25(OH)D levels (≥50 nmol/L) between baseline and follow-up visit had a lower risk of incident LMM than those with persistently low 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining sufficient serum 25(OH)D could prevent unfavourable changes in muscle mass in both young and middle-aged Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Chang or S Ryu or S H Wild; or or
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Chang or S Ryu or S H Wild; or or
| | - In Young Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y Chang or S Ryu or S H Wild; or or
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Pap Z, Kalabiska I, Balogh Á, Bhattoa HP. Prevalence of sarcopenia in community dwelling outpatient postmenopausal Hungarian women. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:207. [PMID: 35246081 PMCID: PMC8897857 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ageing is an inherent feature of life and as per the United Nations, in the year 2020, 985 million women were ≥ 50 years of age worldwide, and the figure is expected to rise to 1.65 billion by 2050. Preservation of health and well-being in the elderly are challenging, and on the same note generalized changes in the musculoskeletal system contribute to this scenario. Musculoskeletal changes with ageing are referred to as sarcopenia. Reduced muscle mass and physical performance are hallmarks of sarcopenia, exclaimed with difficulty in independent activity and poor quality of life. Knowing that there is a hiatus in our knowledge as regards to the prevalence of sarcopenia in Hungary, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in a community dwelling outpatient postmenopausal Hungarian cohort using the EWGSOP2 consensus recommendation. Methods In this cross-sectional study, women arriving for routine bone densitometry examination at the Regional Osteoporosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen were invited to participate in the study. A total of a 100 community-dwelling women were recruited who confirmed to the inclusion criteria of self-reported postmenopausal status, ≥ 50 years of age and gave written informed consent. The study procedures included the self-administered SARC-F questionnaire, followed by assessment of muscle strength, muscle quantity and physical preformance. Muscle strength was determined with the hand grip strength (HGS), appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance was determined by the gait speed (GS) test. Results As per the EWGSOP2 definition, the percentage of study participants with probable sarcopenia (low muscle strength), sarcopenia (low muscle strength and low muscle quantity) and severe sarcopenia (low muscle strength, muscle quantity and low physical performance) was 36, 31 and 8%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that height, weight, HGS and GS were all independent predictors of appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Conclusion The 31% prevalence of sarcopenia in the studied post-menopausal women highlights the need for adequate assessment of the condition in the elderly. Our findings most probably bear public health implications and may accelerate formulation of policies promoting healthy ageing. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05167-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Pap
- Kalman Laki Doctoral School of the University of Debrecen, Department of Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Irina Kalabiska
- University of Physical Education, Research Center for Sport Physiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Balogh
- Regional Osteoporosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Harjit Pal Bhattoa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Blvd. 98, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
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24
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Application of the GLIM criteria in patients with intestinal insufficiency and intestinal failure at nutritional risk on admission. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1003-1009. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Fernandes S, Rodrigues da Silva E, New York B, Macedo P, Gonçalves R, Camara S, Larco R, Maciel A. Cutoff Points for Grip Strength in Screening for Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older-Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:452-460. [PMID: 35587757 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, different cutoff points for handgrip strength (HGS) have been used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia. In addition, the variability of equipment and protocols for this assessment can significantly influence the early detection of this important public health problem. Thus, this review aims to identify the different cutoff points for HGS adopted for older men and women in screening for sarcopenia. OBJECTIVES this review aims to identify the different cutoff points for HGS adopted for older men and women in screening for sarcopenia. METHODS In accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations, which included published studies from the last 10 years, from 6 databases, in 3 different languages. RESULTS 19.730 references were identified, of which 62 were included for the review. All references analyzed used algorithms and definitions of sarcopenia already known in the literature. Of the studies found, 16 chose to develop cutoff values for HGS based on their own population. The variation in cutoff points was evident when compared between gender and regions of the world. CONCLUSION It has become evident that there is a variability of normative values for HGS in sarcopenia screening. In addition, this systematic review shows the difference in the cutoff points used between the consensuses and those developed for each population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernandes
- Sabrina Fernandes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil,
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26
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Cheng KYK, Chow SKH, Hung VWY, Wong CHW, Wong RMY, Tsang CSL, Kwok T, Cheung WH. Diagnosis of sarcopenia by evaluating skeletal muscle mass by adjusted bioimpedance analysis validated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:2163-2173. [PMID: 34609065 PMCID: PMC8718029 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to adjust and cross-validate skeletal muscle mass measurements between bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the screening of sarcopenia in the community and to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in Hong Kong. METHODS Screening of sarcopenia was provided to community-dwelling older adults. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was evaluated by BIA (InBody 120 or 720) and/or DXA. Handgrip strength and/or gait speed were assessed. Diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the 2019 revised Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia cut-offs. Agreement analysis was performed to cross-validate ASM measurements by BIA and DXA. Multiple regression was used to explore contribution of measured parameters in predicting DXA ASM from BIA. RESULTS A total of 1587 participants (age = 72 ± 12 years) were recruited; 1065 participants were screened by BIA (InBody 120) with 18 followed up by DXA, while the remaining 522 participants were assessed by the BIA (InBody 720) and DXA. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) evaluated by BIA showed a mean difference of 2.89 ± 0.38 kg/m2 (InBody 120) and 2.97 ± 0.45 kg/m2 (InBody 720) against DXA gold standard. A significant overestimation of muscle mass was measured by BIA compared with DXA (P < 0.005). BIA data were adjusted using prediction equation and mean difference reduced to -0.02 ± 0.31 kg/m2 in cross-validation. Prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults ≥65 ranged from 39.4% (based on ASMI by DXA) to 40.8% (based on predicted DXA ASMI from BIA). Low ASMI by DXA was found in 68.5% of the older adults screened. The percentage of older adults exhibited low handgrip strength ranged from 31.3% to 56%, while 49% showed low gait speed. CONCLUSIONS Bioimpedance analysis was found to overestimate skeletal muscle mass compared with DXA. With adjustment equations, BIA can be used as a quick and reliable tool for screening sarcopenia in community and clinical settings with limited access to better options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Yu-Kin Cheng
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Wing-Yin Hung
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Carissa Hing-Wai Wong
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald Man-Yeung Wong
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Charlotte Sau-Lan Tsang
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Pinto G, Quaresma L, Faria A, Oliveira I, Moreira H. Connectedness to Nature Does Not Explain the Variation in Physical Activity and Body Composition in Adults and Older People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11951. [PMID: 34831707 PMCID: PMC8619523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Connectedness to nature (CN) is a significant predictor of pro-environmental behaviours, human health and well-being. However, research on how this connection to the natural world might promote a more active lifestyle and improve body mass composition according to gender is lacking. This study investigated the influence of CN on physical activity (PA) and body composition in adults and older people. We recruited a sample of 219 individuals (77 men and 142 women), and a self-administered questionnaire was used to measure CN and obtain demographic data. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance, and PA was assessed by accelerometry. Correlations and stepwise multiple regressions were used in data analysis. CN's association with other variables was more pronounced in women than in men, and we only identified significant associations with steps/day and body composition. However, this variable would not be included in the regression models that we developed. Adiposity levels and muscle status were significant predictors of PA in women. In both genders, age, percentage of fat mass and fat-free mass were selected as regressors in the models developed for visceral fat area and muscle condition (R2 Adjusted ≥ 0.908).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - José Martinho
- Geosciences Centre (CGeo), Department of Geology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Graça Pinto
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Luís Quaresma
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Aurélio Faria
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sport Science, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics, CEMAT-IST-UL, University of Lisbon, 1600-214 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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28
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Sarcopenia, Obesity, and Sarcopenic Obesity: Relationship with Skeletal Muscle Phenotypes and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214933. [PMID: 34768452 PMCID: PMC8584842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity may aggravate the effects of sarcopenia on skeletal muscle structure and function in the elderly, but no study has attempted to identify the gene variants associated with sarcopenia in obese women. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to: (1) describe neuromuscular function in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic women with or without obesity; (2) identify gene variants associated with sarcopenia in older obese women. In 307 Caucasian women (71 ± 6 years, 66.3 ± 11.3 kg), skeletal muscle mass was estimated using bioelectric impedance, and function was tested with a 30 s one-leg standing-balance test. Biceps brachii thickness and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (VLACSA) were measured with B-mode ultrasonography. Handgrip strength, maximum voluntary contraction elbow flexion (MVCEF), and knee extension torque (MVCKE) were measured by dynamometry, and MVCKE/VLACSA was calculated. Genotyping was performed for 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), selected based on their previous associations with muscle-related phenotypes. Based on sarcopenia and obesity thresholds, groups were classified as sarcopenic obese, non-sarcopenic obese, sarcopenic non-obese, or non-sarcopenic non-obese. A two-way analysis of covariance was used to assess the main effects of sarcopenia and obesity on muscle-related phenotypes and binary logistic regression was performed for each SNP to investigate associations with sarcopenia in obesity. There were no significant obesity * sarcopenic status interactions for any of the investigated muscle-related phenotypic parameters. Neither sarcopenia nor obesity had a significant effect on biceps brachii thickness, but sarcopenia was associated with lower VLACSA (p = 0.003). Obesity was associated with lower MVCEF (p = 0.032), MVCKE (p = 0.047), and MVCKE/VLACSA (p = 0.012) with no significant effect of sarcopenia. Adjusted for age and height, three SNPs (ACTN3 rs1815739, MTHFR rs1801131, and MTHFR rs1537516) were associated with sarcopenia in obese participants. Sarcopenia was associated with a smaller muscle size, while obesity resulted in a lower muscle quality irrespective of sarcopenia. Three gene variants (ACTN3 rs1815739, MTHFR rs1801131, and MTHFR rs1537516) suspected to affect muscle function, homocysteine metabolism, or DNA methylation, respectively, were associated with sarcopenia in obese elderly women. Understanding the skeletal muscle features affected by sarcopenia and obesity, and identification of genes related to sarcopenia in obese women, may facilitate early detection of individuals at particular risk of sarcopenic obesity.
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The Critical Role of Oxidative Stress in Sarcopenic Obesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4493817. [PMID: 34676021 PMCID: PMC8526202 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4493817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of obesity and sarcopenia that primarily develops in older people. Patients with SO have high fat mass, low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical function. SO relates to metabolic syndrome and an increased risk of morbimortality. The prevalence of SO varies because of lacking consensus criteria regarding its definition and the methodological difficulty in diagnosing sarcopenia and obesity. SO includes systemic alterations such as insulin resistance, increased proinflammatory cytokines, age-associated hormonal changes, and decreased physical activity at pathophysiological levels. Interestingly, these alterations are influenced by oxidative stress, which is a critical factor in altering muscle function and the generation of metabolic dysfunctions. Thus, oxidative stress in SO alters muscle mass, the signaling pathways that control it, satellite cell functions, and mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum activities. Considering this background, our objectives in this review are to describe SO as a highly prevalent condition and look at the role of oxidative stress in SO pathophysiology.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the overall prevalence of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS A literature research was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CQVIP and Wanfang databases. The following search terms in the abstract were used: "sarcopenia" in combination with the terms "prevalence," "epidemiology" and "China." All studies published from January 2010 to November 2020 were included. The random-effect model was used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia. The sex-specific prevalence of sarcopenia at a 95% CI was also calculated using different criteria for defining sarcopenia. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The overall prevalence of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. RESULTS In total, 23 articles were included in this meta-analysis involving 21 564 participants. On the basis of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criterion, the overall prevalence of sarcopenia among the elderly in China was 14% (95% CI 11% to 18%); the prevalence was higher in Chinese women than in men (15% vs 14%). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review is the first estimation of the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. Our results suggest that China has a large number of patients with sarcopenia. These findings would be useful for sarcopenia prevention in China. There is a high degree of heterogeneity, and although there are a large number of cases and could be an emerging public health issue, more research is required to make these claims. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020223405.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Xin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fourth People's Hospital in Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Son BK, Akishita M, Yamanaka T, Toyoshima K, Tanaka T, Suthutvoravut U, Iijima K. Association between inflammatory potential of the diet and sarcopenia/its components in community-dwelling older Japanese men. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 97:104481. [PMID: 34298260 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic inflammation is a pathophysiological cause of age-related diseases including sarcopenia. However, limited data are available on the association between the diet-derived inflammation and sarcopenia. Here, using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), we examined the associations between inflammatory potentials of the diet, sarcopenia/its components, and serum inflammatory markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 among 1,254 community-dwelling older adults. Energy-adjusted DII score (E-adjusted DII) was calculated using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Sarcopenia/its components was determined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. RESULTS The mean of E-adjusted DII was 0.13±2.1 (-4.92~5.29) in participants (74.6±5.5 y). After adjustment of confounders, men in the highest tertile of the E-adjusted DII showed a 2.89-times (95% CI: 1.04-8.04) higher risk of sarcopenia than those in the lowest tertile. Regarding its components (low muscle mass/strength/function), men in the highest tertile did not have significantly greater odds, respectively. Intriguingly, when the E-adjusted DII was calculated only based on anti-inflammatory food parameters, men who did not consume food with anti-inflammatory properties scored high E-adjusted DII and were significantly associated with sarcopenia in the highest tertile (OR: 2.96; 95% CI: 1.06-8.93). Higher serum hsCRP levels were seen in sarcopenic men with the highest E-adjusted DII (p=0.036). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a diet with pro-inflammatory potential is associated with the risk of sarcopenia. Further investigations whether anti-inflammatory diet could reduce its risk are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Son
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan; Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamanaka
- Department of Home Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Koichi Toyoshima
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan; Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Cheng J, Wang X, Gan S, Zhang Q, Meng G, Liu L, Wu H, Gu Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Górska MJ, Zhang T, Ye M, Ji T, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. Association of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle to Trunk Fat Ratio with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults. Gerontology 2021; 68:192-199. [PMID: 34192697 DOI: 10.1159/000516076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mounting evidence has demonstrated that skeletal muscle and visceral adiposity play crucial roles in glucose metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) to trunk fat mass (TFM) ratio (ASMI/TFM) is a more specific and identifiable factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults than conventional anthropometric measures. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1,370 older adults from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort. ASMI and TFM were measured by using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, and T2DM was defined with the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Odds ratios (ORs) were evaluated using multivariable logistic analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of T2DM is 20.0% in this study. The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) of T2DM for increasing categories of ASMI/TFM, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) were 1.00 (reference), 0.70 (0.49, 1.02), 0.61 (0.42, 0.89), and 0.45 (0.30, 0.67; p for trend <0.0001); 1.00 (reference), 1.15 (0.83, 1.60), and 1.37 (0.94, 2.01; p for trend = 0.10); and 1.00 (reference) and 1.78 (1.19, 2.74; p < 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher ASMI/TFM was associated with a lower prevalence of T2DM in this study of older adults. The T2DM predictive value of ASMI/TFM may be stronger than BMI and WC in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shinan Gan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Magdalena J Górska
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingxu Ye
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Ji
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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Hu FJ, Liu H, Liu XL, Jia SL, Hou LS, Xia X, Dong BR. Mid-Upper Arm Circumference as an Alternative Screening Instrument to Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index for Diagnosing Sarcopenia. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1095-1104. [PMID: 34163153 PMCID: PMC8214542 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s311081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a simple, noninvasive anthropometric indicator. This study evaluated the applicability of MUAC as an alternative screening instrument to appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) for detecting sarcopenia, and determined the optimal MUAC cutoff values. Patients and Methods A total of 4509 subjects ≥50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend study were included in the present study. ASM was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. MUAC, calf circumference (CC), and grip strength were evaluated and the Short Physical Performance Battery and 3-m timed up-and-go test were administered. Low muscle mass was diagnosed based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) and updated European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria. Results ASMI was positively correlated with MUAC in both men (r=0.726, P<0.001) and women (r=0.698, P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for MUAC as an indicator of low muscle mass in men and women was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.88) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.84–0.86), respectively, according to AWGS2019 criteria; and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85–0.88) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85–0.88), respectively, according to EWGSOP2 criteria. Optimal MUAC cutoff values for predicting low muscle mass were ≤28.6 cm for men and ≤27.5 cm for women. There was no significant difference between the AUCs of MUAC and CC in men according to the 2 reference standards (P=0.809), whereas the AUC of CC was superior to that of MUAC in women according to AWGS2019 (P<0.001) and EWGSOP2 (P=0.008) criteria. Conclusion MUAC is strongly correlated with ASMI among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults in China. MUAC can be used as a simple screening instrument to ASMI for diagnosing sarcopenia, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Juan Hu
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Division, Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Li Jia
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Sha Hou
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Rong Dong
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Chen F, Xu S, Cao L, Wang Y, Chen F, Tian H, Hu J, Wang Z, Wang D. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian dietary pattern is protective against sarcopenic obesity: A cross-sectional study of elderly Chinese people. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111386. [PMID: 34293713 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS SO was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity. Participants with low skeletal muscle index, low muscle strength, or low physical performance were diagnosed with sarcopenia, whereas obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥85 cm in men and ≥80 cm in women. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and SO. RESULTS Among 3795 Chinese participants, 112 (3.0%) were diagnosed with SO. After adjustment for confounding variables, lacto-ovo-vegetarian dietary pattern was negatively associated with risk of SO. The odds ratio for SO was 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.97; P = 0.027) for the lacto-ovo-vegetarian dietary pattern, whereas meat-fish and junk food dietary patterns were not associated with the risk of SO. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that older people should have a balanced daily diet such as a lacto-ovo-vegetarian dietary pattern to prevent the occurrence and progression of SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Yingfang Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Huanlian Tian
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Junwei Hu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.
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A cross-sectional study about the relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia in Taiwanese older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11488. [PMID: 34075104 PMCID: PMC8169879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, none of Taiwanese studies on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and sarcopenia by the latest 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) cutoff points of sarcopenia has been published. We used the Taiwan version of international physical activity questionnaire-short version and the 2019 AWGS diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia to examine the relationship between PA and sarcopenia in older adults. Volunteers in this cross-sectional study were recruited from those attending senior health checkup program held at a regional hospital in Taipei City from May 2019 to Sep 2019. Muscle strength was assessed by grip strength, physical performance was assessed by usual gait speed on a 6-m course, and muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between PA and sarcopenia. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. 565 participants were recruited and data from 500 participants were used. The study participants had a mean age of 73.87 years old, with 47% men and 53% women. 138 (27.6%) participants were classified as having sarcopenia, among which 48 (45.3%) in low PA participants and 90 (22.8%) in moderate to high PA participants. Compared with those with low PA, moderate to high PA protected against the risk of sarcopenia with the odds ratio (OR) 0.46 (95% CI 0.27–0.79, p-value = 0.005). A significant protective effect of PA on sarcopenia was found among the older adults after adjusting for sex, institutionalization, age, BMI, albumin, hemoglobin, HDL-C levels, history of cardiovascular disease, education level and alcohol drinking.
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Chen Z, Li WY, Ho M, Chau PH. The Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Chinese Older Adults: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2021; 13:1441. [PMID: 33923252 PMCID: PMC8146971 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, with risk factors such as poor nutrition and physical inactivity, is becoming prevalent among the older population. The aims of this study were (i) to systematically review the existing data on sarcopenia prevalence in the older Chinese population, (ii) to generate pooled estimates of the sex-specific prevalence among different populations, and (iii) to identify the factors associated with the heterogeneity in the estimates across studies. A search was conducted in seven databases for studies that reported the prevalence of sarcopenia in Chinese older adults, aged 60 years and over, published through April 2020. We then performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence, and investigated the factors associated with the variation in the prevalence across the studies using meta-regression. A total of 58 studies were included in this review. Compared with community-dwelling Chinese older adults (men: 12.9%, 95% CI: 10.7-15.1%; women: 11.2%, 95% CI: 8.9-13.4%), the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults from hospitals (men: 29.7%, 95% CI:18.4-41.1%; women: 23.0%, 95% CI:17.1-28.8%) and nursing homes (men: 26.3%, 95% CI: 19.1 to 33.4%; women: 33.7%, 95% CI: 27.2 to 40.1%) was higher. The multivariable meta-regression quantified the difference of the prevalence estimates in different populations, muscle mass assessments, and areas. This study yielded pooled estimates of sarcopenia prevalence in Chinese older adults not only from communities, but also from clinical settings and nursing homes. This study added knowledge to the current epidemiology literature about sarcopenia in older Chinese populations, and could provide background information for future preventive strategies, such as nutrition and physical activity interventions, tailored to the growing older population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pui-Hing Chau
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Z.C.); (W.-Y.L.); (M.H.)
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Son SW, Song DS, Chang UI, Yang JM. Definition of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:349. [PMID: 33923561 PMCID: PMC8074027 DOI: 10.3390/life11040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which is characterized by decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, is common in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Several consensus definitions for community-dwelling elderly people have been proposed, and these recommend the use of various tools and tests to assess muscle properties and performance. These measurement tools have also been applied in patients with CLD and have been useful for predicting prognosis. However, sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria specific to patients with CLD have not yet been clearly defined. In addition, fluid retention and body composition should be considered when sarcopenia is assessed in patients with CLD. This review aims to introduce definitions of sarcopenia and diagnostic tools used in patients with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Do Seon Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (S.W.S.); (U.I.C.); (J.M.Y.)
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Liu X, Xia X, Hu F, Hou L, Jia S, Liu Y, Deng L, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Zhang G, Yue J, Dong B. Nutrition status mediates the association between cognitive decline and sarcopenia. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8599-8610. [PMID: 33714959 PMCID: PMC8034889 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether nutrition status mediates the relationship between cognitive decline and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was assessed in 4023 community-dwelling older adults from West China using the AWGS 2014 diagnostic criteria. Cognitive function and nutrition status were assessed using the 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scale, respectively. Mediation model regression analysis demonstrated that nutrition status was negatively associated with sarcopenia (β = -0.521; 95% CI: -0.583 to -0.459). The indirect effects of cognitive decline on sarcopenia were significant after adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity (β = 0.015; 95% CI: 0.012 to 0.017), but the direct effects of cognitive decline on sarcopenia were not statistically significant after adding nutrition status as a parameter in the mediation model analysis (β = -0.001; 95% CI: -0.008 to 0.005). Structural equation model (SEM) framework pathway analysis confirmed the association between nutrition status, cognitive decline, and sarcopenia. These findings demonstrate that the negative effects of cognitive decline on sarcopenia were mediated by nutrition status. We therefore postulate that maintaining a good nutrition status delays the negative effects of cognitive decline on sarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fengjuan Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lisha Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuli Jia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Linghui Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Gongchang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Wu X, Li X, Xu M, Zhang Z, He L, Li Y. Sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors among older Chinese population: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247617. [PMID: 33661964 PMCID: PMC7932529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia a recognised geriatric syndrome. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of possible sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia among older Chinese adults and to identify any associated factors for possible sarcopenia according to the updated diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019). We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The main outcome of this study was possible sarcopenia. Handgrip strength was measured via a dynamometer. The muscle mass was estimated by anthropometric measures. Physical performance was measured by 5-time chair stand test and gait speed test. A multivariate logistic regression model with stepwise method was employed to identify factors associated with possible sarcopenia. A total of 6172 participants aged 60-94 years were included. The prevalence of possible sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 38.5%, 18.6%, and 8.0%, respectively. Age, rural area, falls, higher C-reactive protein (CRP), and chronic diseases (including hypertension, chronic lung diseases, heart disease, psychiatric disease and arthritis) were associated with a higher risk of possible sarcopenia. Conversely, alcohol consumption, higher gait speed and high levels of hemoglobin were associated with decreased risk of possible sarcopenia. However, the associations between possible sarcopenia with alcohol consumption, heart disease, psychiatric disease and hemoglobin were not significant after Bonferroni correction. Our study reported a relatively high prevalence of sarcopenia among older Chinese population, and identified a range of factors associated with sarcopenia. We also found rural elders are more vulnerable to sarcopenia than urban elders. Additionally, we discovered systemic inflammation might be one of the contributing factors between sarcopenia and related comorbidities. We believe the findings of this study would help to identify individuals at high risk of sarcopenia early and therefore implement the prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the disease burden in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meihong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia He
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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40
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Ahn JK, Hwang J, Lee MY, Kang M, Hwang J, Koh EM, Cha HS. How much does fat mass change affect serum uric acid levels among apparently clinically healthy Korean men? Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X21993253. [PMID: 33708266 PMCID: PMC7907717 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x21993253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of fat mass alteration on serum uric acid (SUA) levels in apparently clinically healthy men. Methods: We evaluated 27,387 men who consecutively underwent health check ups between 2015 and 2017. We assessed the likelihood of achieving a SUA level of <0.41 mmol/L and compared the SUA levels according to fat mass changes. Results: Compared with those without fat mass change (the reference group), the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of achieving a SUA level of <0.41 mmol/L for fat mass decreases of ⩾2.5, 1.5–2.5, and 0.5–1.5 kg were 1.63 (1.45–1.82), 1.19 (1.06–1.34), and 1.07 (0.97–1.18), respectively, while those for a fat mass increase of ⩾2.5, 1.5–2.5, and 0.5–1.5 kg were 0.71 (0.64–0.78), 0.87 (0.79–0.97), and 0.95 (0.86–1.04), respectively. The corresponding beta-coefficients of SUA levels (mmol/L) were –0.26 [–0.29–(–0.23)], –0.12 [–0.16–(–0.09)], and –0.09 [–0.12–(–0.06)] for fat mass decreases of ⩾2.5, 1.5–2.5, and 0.5–1.5 kg, respectively. Every 1-kg fat mass reduction was associated with 9% increased odds of achieving the target SUA level. The multivariate SUA level difference per 1-kg fat mass gain was 2.97 µmol/L. Similar levels of association persisted among the prespecified subgroups. Conclusion: We quantitatively demonstrated that fat mass reduction contributes to a clinically relevant decrease in SUA levels and a significant increase in the likelihood of achieving target SUA levels. Our findings may help to provide clear clinical guidance on fat mass alteration to reduce SUA levels in patients with hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kyong Ahn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Kang
- Centre for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghye Hwang
- Centre for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Koh
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Suk Cha
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sarcopenic obesity: research advances in pathogenesis and diagnostic criteria. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:247-252. [PMID: 31845200 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) refers to an obesity disease accompanied by low skeletal muscle quality, strength and/or function, which is more common in the elderly and seriously affects their quality of life and can lead to falls, unstable walking, balance disorders and fractures in the elderly. The increase in aging populations and the various health problems and medical costs associated with SO have aroused widespread concern in society. However, the pathogenesis of SO has not been fully clarified and the diagnostic criteria are not uniform, meaning that there are inconsistent data on the prevalence of SO and the potential correlation between SO and health outcomes. Therefore, we review the research progress on delineating the pathogenesis and diagnostic criteria of SO, to assist in the early diagnosis and evaluation of SO and subsequent interventions.
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Luo S, Chen X, Hou L, Yue J, Liu X, Wang Y, Xia X, Dong B. The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Vitamin D Levels in Adults of Different Ethnicities: Findings from the West China Health and Aging Trend Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:909-913. [PMID: 34409970 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia is a condition associated with progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function resulting in substantial negative health outcomes and disability in older adults. It is thus important that sarcopenia-related risk factors be explored. The present study was based upon the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) criteria to assess whether vitamin D levels are a risk factor associated with sarcopenia in various ethnic groups in western China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Communities in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xinjiang provinces. PARTICIPANTS We included 4236 individuals that were 50 years of age or older from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. MEASUREMENTS An InBody 770 instrument was used for bioimpedance-based analyses of muscle mass, while a digital grip strength dynamometer was used for handgrip strength-based measurements of muscle strength. Physical performance was assessed based upon gait speed over 4 m. Other secondary variables were additionally analyzed as potentially relevant risk factors. RESULTS Sarcopenia affected an estimated 22.45% of studied individuals who were 50 years of age or older, with respective prevalence rates in the < 60, 60-64, 65-79, and ≥80 age groups of 11.78%,19.44%, 32.65%, and 67.97%. Rates in males and females were 26.66% and 20.05%, respectively. In males, a significant difference in vitamin D levels was detected when comparing individuals with and without sarcopenia, although no such relationship was detected in females. Following adjustment for confounding variables, binary logistic regression analyses revealed that inadequate vitamin D was able to independently predict sarcopenia risk only in males (OR=1.875,95%CI: 1.109-3.169, P=0.019). CONCLUSIONS Among middle-aged and older adults of multiple ethnicities in western China, we found that inadequate vitamin D was an independent predictor of sarcopenia risk specifically in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Luo
- Birong Dong, PhD, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, , Telephone: +86-028-85421550
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Merchant RA, Seetharaman S, Au L, Wong MWK, Wong BLL, Tan LF, Chen MZ, Ng SE, Soong JTY, Hui RJY, Kwek SC, Morley JE. Relationship of Fat Mass Index and Fat Free Mass Index With Body Mass Index and Association With Function, Cognition and Sarcopenia in Pre-Frail Older Adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:765415. [PMID: 35002957 PMCID: PMC8741276 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.765415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) is an inadequate marker of obesity, and cannot distinguish between fat mass, fat free mass and distribution of adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to assess cross-sectional relationship of BMI with fat mass index (FMI), fat free mass index (FFMI) and ratio of fat mass to fat free mass (FM/FFM). Second, to study the association of FMI, FFMI and FM/FFM with physical function including sarcopenia, and cognition in pre-frail older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 191 pre-frail participants ≥ 65 years, 57.1% females. Data was collected on demographics, cognition [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)], function, frailty, calf circumference, handgrip strength (HGS), short physical performance battery (SPPB) and gait speed. Body composition was measured using InBody S10. FMI, FFMI and FM/FFM were classified into tertiles (T1, T2, T3) with T1 classified as lowest and T3 highest tertile respectively and stratified by BMI. RESULTS Higher FFMI and lower FM/FFM in the high BMI group were associated with better functional outcomes. Prevalence of low muscle mass was higher in the normal BMI group. FMI and FM/FFM were significantly higher in females and FFMI in males with significant gender differences except for FFMI in ≥ 80 years old. Small calf circumference was significantly less prevalent in the highest tertile of FMI, FM/FMI and FFMI. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and low physical function (HGS, gait speed and SPPB scores) were significantly higher in the highest FMI and FM/FFM tertile. Highest FFMI tertile group had higher physical function, higher MoCA scores, lower prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia, After adjustment, highest tertile of FFMI was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia especially in the high BMI group. Highest tertile of FM/FFM was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia. Higher BMI was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION FFMI and FM/FFM may be a better predictor of functional outcomes in pre-frail older adults than BMI. Cut-off values for healthy BMI values and role of calf circumference as a screening tool for sarcopenia need to be validated in larger population. Health promotion intervention should focus on FFMI increment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Reshma Aziz Merchant, orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-018
| | - Santhosh Seetharaman
- Healthy Ageing Programme, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lydia Au
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Wai Kit Wong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beatrix Ling Ling Wong
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Feng Tan
- Healthy Ageing Programme, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew Zhixuan Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Ee Ng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Tshon Yit Soong
- Division of Advanced Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard Jor Yeong Hui
- National University Polyclinics, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sing Cheer Kwek
- National University Polyclinics, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E. Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Hou L, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Xia X, Chen X, Lin X, Yue J, Ge N, Dong B. Cohort Profile: West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT). J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:302-310. [PMID: 33575720 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The West China Health and Aging Trends study (WCHAT) is intended to focus on the research that will guide efforts to reduce disability, maximize health and independent functioning, and enhance quality of life at older ages in different ethnicities. And provide the basis for understanding trends and dynamics in late-life functioning, how these differ in various ethnic subgroups, and the economic or social consequences of aging and disability in western China. PARTICIPANTS The cohort enrolled 7536 participants and 7439 participants aged 50 years and older in the baseline in 2018 and every year would be followed up. Finding to date: The data in WCHAT were prospectively collected from Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Xinjiang by 7 medical institutions. A number of age-related outcome measures were collected though corresponding geriatric assessments. Blood testing, saliva, urine and feces testing are available for all cohort participants. Future plans: The data in WCHAT can be used for various types of epidemiological research, particularly for examining how the culture specific life styles and diet influences geriatrics related outcomes. We are initially planning cohort studies and established a sample biobank in relation to the risk and prognosis of frailty, sarcopenia and other geriatric syndromes. Strengths and limitations of this study: It is a first multi-ethnic cohort study in West China that aimed to investigate the influence of culture specific life styles, diet and living environment on the prevalence of geriatric syndromes like frailty, sarcopenia and so on. This is a prospective multi-center observational study, which will be conducted in various ethnic groups gathering places. This study collected information that related to fatigue, falls, and cognition were obtained through self-reports, which might have recall bias and grouping errors. This study has problems such as the interviewees' refusal to visit, death, going out, and large population mobility may lead to high loss of visit rates. This study collected information from a comparatively healthier elderly population in which external validity was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hou
- Birong Dong, MD, Professor, Director, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu Chengdu, Sichuan,China, Fax: 86-28-85422321, 610041, Email address:
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The prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:236-245. [PMID: 33385864 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an ever-increasingly recognized entity in aging or chronically-ill individuals. A recent surge of researches came out on sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the results varied widely. We tried to assess the prevalence of and associated factors with sarcopenia in patients with RA. METHODS We searched the investigations dealing with the prevalence of and associated factors with sarcopenia in RA from PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, EBSCOhost, Airiti Library, CEPS, CNKI and J-STAGE from the inception to January 11, 2020. Effects regarding prevalence and associated factors were extracted and evaluated by random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS Seventeen studies containing 3,140 RA subjects were identified. After exclusion of outliers, the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia was 31%. Neither ongoing-study districts nor diagnostic modalities affected prevalence significantly. Any associated factors being mentioned in at least two publications were analyzed, yielding functional limitation (Steinbrocker stage III/IV), high CRP and RF seropositivity as the significant risk factors. Based on disease durations, we carried out meta-regression and found DAS28 and HAQ are predictive models. There was no alteration in the interpretation of results from sensitivity analysis after removal of any studies skewed in sampling distribution. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with RA is high, compared to that in general counterparts. Disease duration rather than age, residing area or diagnostic modalities influences sarcopenia development; DAS28 and HAQ predict occurrence. High index of suspicion to facilitate early detection of sarcopenia in RA patients is important.
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Chang HK, Lee JY, Gil CR, Kim MK. Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults According to Simplified Algorithms for Sarcopenia Consensus Based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2291-2299. [PMID: 33324043 PMCID: PMC7732054 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s281131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling Korean older adults and validate two simplified diagnostic algorithms based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) algorithm for identifying sarcopenia. Patients and Methods Patients (n = 338) aged ≥65 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Muscle strength was measured by hand grip strength, physical performance by gait speed, and muscle mass by the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Sarcopenia was assessed using the AWGS-recommended algorithm and two simplified algorithms (A and B). Algorithms A and B were validated with respect to the AWGS-recommended algorithm using the chi-square test, and the sensitivity and specificity were obtained. Results Sarcopenia prevalence, determined using the AWGS-recommended algorithm, was 40.3% and 41.3% in men and women, respectively. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 41.0% by the AWGS-recommended algorithm, 37.6% by algorithm A, and 37.6% by algorithm B; 111 participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia using all three methods (p = 0.157). Conclusion We established sarcopenia prevalence among rural community-dwelling adults in Korea and confirmed that the simplified algorithms were suitable for the identification of sarcopenia in rural community-dwelling older adults in Korea. Further studies are needed to assess whether these simplified algorithms are applicable to older Asian adults with functional and/or cognitive impairment and nursing home residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyung Chang
- College of Nursing, Senior Health Research Center of the Health & Science Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Nursing Department, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea.,Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Cho-Rong Gil
- Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea.,Nursing Department, Hamyang Center Clinic, Hamyang, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
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lncRNA DLEU2 acts as a miR-181a sponge to regulate SEPP1 and inhibit skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24033-24056. [PMID: 33221762 PMCID: PMC7762514 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a serious public health problem associated with the loss of muscle mass and function. The purpose of this study was to identify molecular markers and construct a ceRNA pathway as a significant predictor of sarcopenia. We designed a prediction model to select important differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), and constructed a sarcopenia associated ceRNA network. After correlation analysis of each element in the ceRNA network based on clinical samples and GTEX database, C2C12 mouse myoblasts were used as a model to verify the identified ceRNA pathways. A new model for predicting sarcopenia based on four molecular markers SEPP1, SV2A, GOT1, and GFOD1 was developed. The model was used to construct a ceRNA network and showed high accuracy. Correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of lncDLEU2, SEPP1, and miR-181a were closely associated with a high risk of sarcopenia. lncDLEU2 inhibits muscle differentiation and regeneration by acting as a miR-181a sponge regulating SEPP1 expression. In this study, a highly accurate prediction tool was developed to improve the prediction outcomes of sarcopenia. These findings suggest that the lncDLEU2-miR-181a-SEPP1 pathway inhibits muscle differentiation and regeneration. This pathway may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of sarcopenia.
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High Salt Diet Impacts the Risk of Sarcopenia Associated with Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Performance in the Japanese Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113474. [PMID: 33198295 PMCID: PMC7696631 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has recommended 5 g/day as dietary reference intakes for salt. In Japan, the averages for men and women were 11.0 g/day and 9.3 g/day, respectively. Recently, it was reported that amounts of sodium accumulation in skeletal muscles of older people were significantly higher than those in younger people. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the risk of sarcopenia with decreased muscle mass and strength was related to the amount of salt intake. In addition, we investigated its involvement with renalase. Four groups based on age and salt intake ("younger low-salt," "younger high-salt," "older low-salt," and "older high-salt") were compared. Stratifying by age category, body fat percentage significantly increased in high-salt groups in both younger and older people. Handgrip strength/body weight and chair rise tests of the older high-salt group showed significant reduction compared to the older low-salt group. However, there was no significant difference in renalase concentrations in plasma. The results suggest that high-salt intake may lead to fat accumulation and muscle weakness associated with sarcopenia. Therefore, efforts to reduce salt intake may prevent sarcopenia.
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Xu HQ, Liu JM, Zhang X, Xue YT, Shi JP, Chen W, Zheng XY. Estimation of skeletal muscle mass by bioimpedance and differences among skeletal muscle mass indices for assessing sarcopenia. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:2308-2318. [PMID: 33121834 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is crucial to assess age-related muscle mass changes and derived indices differences in geriatric medicine. We aimed to develop and validate four bioimpedance analysis (BIA) prediction equations against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) in estimating skeletal muscle mass and to compare the differences among skeletal muscle mass indices, cutoff values, and corresponding prevalence rates of low muscle mass for assessing sarcopenia in Chinese adults. METHODS We measured the height (Ht), weight (Wt), appendicular lean mass (ALM) or skeletal muscle mass (ASM), total lean body mass (LBM) or skeletal muscle mass (TSM) obtained using DEXA or MRI, and a multi-frequency BIA (BCA II;50, 250 kHz), in 371 adults aged 18.0-87.0 years. We also collected gender, age, Ht, Wt, and impedance indexes (Ht2/R50, Ht2/R250, R50/Ht2, R250/Ht2) from 30,500 adults aged 18-96 years living in China. Multiple regression analyses were used to derive four prediction equations by BIA, and double cross-validation techniques and Bland-Altman analyses were used to test agreement. Various muscle mass indices and prevalence rates were depicted by line plots in regard to age trends. RESULTS Satisfactory results were found in the four prediction models as they had the larger R2 (0.833-0.930) values and low SEE (1.409-2.335 kg) values. The predictive variables included impedance indexes (Ht2/R50, R50/Ht2, R250/Ht2), gender, age, Wt, and Ht. The corresponding prevalence rates of low muscle mass exhibited significant differences according to the various muscle mass indices adjusted for Ht, Wt, or body mass index (BMI), in addition to the cutoff values based on two standard deviations (2SD) of young people or the lower 20% of the study group. CONCLUSIONS The BIA equations have the potential to be applied as a practical method of quantifying skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults. However, the operational methods that are most appropriate for determining the degree of low muscle mass that actually contributes to sarcopenia remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qi Xu
- Research Center of Sports and Health Science, School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Jing-Min Liu
- Research Center of Sports and Health Science, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Ergonomics Standardization Research Field, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Tai Xue
- Research Center of Sports and Health Science, School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Ji-Peng Shi
- Research Center of Sports and Health Science, School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiu-Yuan Zheng
- Research Center of Sports and Health Science, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Zhao WY, Zhang Y, Hou LS, Xia X, Ge ML, Liu XL, Yue JR, Dong BR. The association between systemic inflammatory markers and sarcopenia: Results from the West China Health and Aging Trend Study (WCHAT). Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 92:104262. [PMID: 33032183 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased evidence suggests chronic inflammation is significant in the progression of sarcopenia in older adults. In this study, we aimed to compare the level of systemic inflammation markers (White blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets and their derived ratios) between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic individuals and investigate the association of these inflammatory markers with sarcopenia. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 4224 adults (1514 men and 2710 women) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the recommended diagnostic algorithm of the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). The value of systemic inflammatory markers was based on laboratory data. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between inflammatory markers and sarcopenia after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Among 4224 participants (mean age 62.3 ± 8.2 years, 64.2 % women), 814 (19.3 %) were diagnosed as sarcopenia. After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis indicated that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Participants in the highest NLR, PLR and SII value group had higher odds for sarcopenia than those in the lowest value group (OR [95 %CI]: 1.233 [1.002,1.517], 1.455 [1.177,1.799] and 1.268 [1.029,1.561], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Higher NLR, PLR, and SII level are associated with an increased prevalence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults. Since these systemic inflammatory markers are inexpensive and can be obtained easily from routine blood tests, regular follow-up of NLR, PLR and SII may be an effective strategy in sarcopenia screening and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Sha Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei-Ling Ge
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Rong Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi-Rong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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