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Darounkola MA, Ebrahimzadeh E, Borji H, Khoshvaght M. Morphometrical and molecular identification of Echinococcus granulosus genotypes in wild canids in north of Iran. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1554. [PMID: 39115453 PMCID: PMC11308505 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE The cestode Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis, a zoonotic parasitic infection that constitutes a significant public health risk. This parasite has been documented to have potential reservoirs and carriers among wild canids, namely wolves, foxes and jackals. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. granulosus sensu lato species/genotypes among wild canids in three northern, northeastern and north-western Iran regions. METHODS From 2019 to 2022, 93 wild canid carcasses (69 jackals), (22 foxes) and (2 wolves) were collected that were killed in car accidents or illnesses. Analyses of morphology and morphometry were performed to verify the presence of E. granulosus. To determine E. granulosus s.l. species/genotypes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-RFLP (ITS1) was performed utilizing the Bsh1236I (BstUI) restriction enzyme. COX1, NADH1 and ITS1 gene sequencing were also performed to confirm the PCR-RFLP results. RESULTS During this study, 93 wild canids were examined, and 3.2% (95% CI: 0%-7%) of the 93 were infected with Echinococcus. The north-western region of Iran showed two out of 30 jackals (6.6%) infected with adult Echinococcus compared to one out of 35 jackals (2.8%) in the northern region. DNA from Echinococcus was detected in these individuals by PCR. Based on PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS1 gene and sequencing of COX1, NADH1 and ITS1 gene, E. granulosus sensu stricto genotype was confirmed in the jackals that had been infected. CONCLUSION Evidence shows that E. granulosus occurs in jackals in Iran, with the E. granulosus s.s. genotype being the most common. This parasite has been identified as a zoonotic parasite with a genotype that can be transmitted to livestock and humans. Establishing effective control measures to prevent the spread of echinococcosis and ensure public health is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elahe Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Hassan Borji
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Mohammadreza Khoshvaght
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
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Mahmoudi S, Dolatzadeh M, Manzari Tavakoli G, Pourakbari B, Abdolsalehi MR, Mamishi S. Pediatric Cystic Echinococcosis in Tehran, Iran: A 9-Year Retrospective Epidemiological and Clinical Survey of Hospitalized Cases. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 39119694 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2024.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), the second most significant foodborne parasitic disease worldwide, poses a significant global health burden. Understanding its clinical and laboratory features is crucial for effective management. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical characteristics of pediatric CE in an Iranian referral hospital. A cross-sectional study reviewed hospital records of patients with CE admitted to Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran, from 2011 to 2020. Data on demographics, diagnostics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and treatment were collected and analyzed. A total of 114 patients, with a mean age of 7.33 ± 2.9 years, were diagnosed with CE. The male-to-female ratio was 1.78, and 73.7% were urban residents. Abdominal pain (69%) and coughing (65%) were the most common symptoms. In confirming the cyst involvement across anatomical sites, pathology emerged as the most reliable method, with effectiveness ranging from 95% to 100%. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scan were frequently utilized imaging modalities, displaying effectiveness percentages of 71-85%. Liver and lung involvement predominated (66%), with 39% of cases showing multiorgan involvement. Spleen involvement was less common (6%), and neurological involvement was rare (1-2%). The majority of patients (n = 63, 67.7%) displayed cysts larger than 50 mm. All patients received albendazole treatment, and 104 patients (91.2%) underwent surgical procedures, with three postsurgical deaths. In conclusion, hospital records over 9 years indicate an increasing prevalence of CE, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness and effective public health interventions to control this parasitic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Mahmoudi
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Dolatzadeh
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Babak Pourakbari
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abdolsalehi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Mamishi
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghandhari M, Mehri A, Doostparast A, Gharib M, Rezaei R. Primary extraperitoneal hydatid cyst, a rare differential diagnosis of subdiaphragmatic mass: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8975. [PMID: 38799534 PMCID: PMC11126909 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Hydatid cyst is a sly disease that can manifest with a spectrum of symptoms in almost every part of the human body, so it is crucial to be familiar with different scenarios that a patient may present. Abstract The echinococcus granulosus parasite causes hydatid disease and is common in areas with animal husbandry and agriculture. Here, we report a middle age woman who presented with abdominal pain that further investigation revealed a cyst in subdiaphragmatic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghandhari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amirhossein Mehri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Armin Doostparast
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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4
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Li T, Su W, Wang Z, Wang X, Ma X, Cao Y, Zhao R. Characterization of research trends and prospects on hepatic echinococcosis over the past forty years: a bibliometric analysis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:3654-3665. [PMID: 38477126 PMCID: PMC11175755 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of hepatic echinococcosis (HE) is extensive, significantly impacting public health and economic development. Therefore, analyzing global collaboration networks and tracking developmental trends over the past four decades are crucial. This study aimed to demonstrate collaboration in the field of HE and explore key topics and future directions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliometric analyses were conducted using CiteSpace, Bibliometrix package of R, and VOSviewer software on HE-related studies from the Web of Science Core Collection published before 1 August 2023. RESULTS This study identified 2605 records published in 196 journals by 9860 authors from 2607 institutes in 90 countries. Publications significantly notably increased in 2021. Developing countries like Turkey and China made notable contributions, while developed countries like the USA had higher average citation rates. The largest nodes in every cluster of the collaboration network were Hacettepe University, Tehran University, Xinjiang Medical University, Salford University, and the University of Pavia, and the top-producing authors were Wen H, Vuitton DA, Gottstein B, and Craig PS. Keyword co-occurrence analysis suggested that surgical techniques and novel drugs targeting combined immune checkpoints are the main therapeutic approaches in the future. CONCLUSION Although developing countries had significantly contributed to publications on HE, the citation rate for individual articles from developed countries was significantly higher. Additionally, advancements in surgical techniques and novel drugs targeting combined immune checkpoints may emerge as the next research focus and developmental direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianen Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital
| | - Xiaoguang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital
| | - Yigeng Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital
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Nassef NE, Shendi SS, Saad AGE, Harba NM, Beshay EVN, Mohamed ASED, Gouda MA. An in vivo appraisal of Punica granatum peel extract's ultrastructural effect on cystic echinococcosis in mice. J Helminthol 2024; 98:e40. [PMID: 38738533 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x24000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, interest has significantly increased regarding the medicinal and nutritional benefits of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel. This study examined the effects of using pomegranate peel extract (PGE) alone and in combination with albendazole (ABZ) on ultrastructural and immunological changes in cystic echinococcosis in laboratory-infected mice. Results revealed that the smallest hydatid cyst size and weight (0.48 ± 0.47mm, 0.17 ± 0.18 gm) with the highest drug efficacy (56.2%) was detected in the PGE + ABZ group, which also exhibited marked histopathological improvement. Ultrastructural changes recorded by transmission electron microscopy including fragmentation of the nucleus, glycogen depletion, and multiple lysosomes in vacuolated cytoplasm were more often observed in PGE + ABZ group. IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in the group treated with ABZ, with a notable reduction following PGE treatment, whether administered alone or in combination with ABZ. Thus, PGE enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of ABZ, with improvement in histopathological and ultrastructural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaat E Nassef
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdel Ghaffar St. from Gamal Abdel Nasser St., Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sawsan S Shendi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Gawad E Saad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Nancy M Harba
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdel Ghaffar St. from Gamal Abdel Nasser St., Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Engy V N Beshay
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdel Ghaffar St. from Gamal Abdel Nasser St., Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa A Gouda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
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Gholami Koohestan M, Saberi R, Daryani A, Sarvi S, Sharifdini M, Anvari D, Shariatzadeh SA, Hosseini SA, Gholami S. Identification and genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus from human clinical samples in Guilan province, north of Iran. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2024; 25:e00353. [PMID: 38699631 PMCID: PMC11063601 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a significant health problem in both human and veterinary medicine. It is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). The objective of this study was to investigate molecular diversity of E. granulosus from the paraffin-embedded human (FFPE) tissue samples using sequencing of mitochondrial genes. Thirty-five FFPE tissue samples were collected from different regions of Guilan province, north of Iran. Demographic data were recorded using a questionnaire. Five sections (1 mm) of the tissue were prepared and deparaffined using xylene and ethanol methods. Molecular analysis was performed using the Nad1 and Cox1 genes using PCR and DNA sequencing. Totally, 25 cases (71.43%) were women and 10 cases (28.57%) were men. The most affected age group was 21-30 yr old. The most of cysts were isolated from the liver (n = 19; 54.29%) and others in the lung (n = 16; 45.71%). The Cox1 and Nad1 genes were successfully amplified in 16 (45.71%) and 12 (34.28%) DNA samples from FFPE tissue. Sequencing analysis revealed that all samples were E. granulosus sensu stricto complex (G1 and G3). In this study, E. granulosus sensu stricto complex G1 and G3 were identified in human hydatid cysts and showed the presence of sheep/dog cycle in human infection. This finding confirmed and completed previous studies on the geospatial distribution of E. granulosus sensu stricto complex G1 and G3 in the southern and coastal areas of the Caspian Sea region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Gholami Koohestan
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Saberi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahabbedin Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Meysam Sharifdini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Davood Anvari
- School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shirzad Gholami
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Xue C, Liu B, Kui Y, Wu W, Zhou X, Xiao N, Han S, Zheng C. Developing a geographical-meteorological indicator system and evaluating prediction models for alveolar echinococcosis in China. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00664-z. [PMID: 38654145 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographical and meteorological factors have been reported to influence the prevalence of echinococcosis, but there's a lack of indicator system and model. OBJECTIVE To provide further insight into the impact of geographical and meteorological factors on AE prevalence and establish a theoretical basis for prevention and control. METHODS Principal component and regression analysis were used to screen and establish a three-level indicator system. Relative weights were examined to determine the impact of each indicator, and five mathematical models were compared to identify the best predictive model for AE epidemic levels. RESULTS By analyzing the data downloaded from the China Meteorological Data Service Center and Geospatial Data Cloud, we established the KCBIS, including 50 basic indicators which could be directly obtained online, 15 characteristic indicators which were linear combination of the basic indicators and showed a linear relationship with AE epidemic, and 8 key indicators which were characteristic indicators with a clearer relationships and fewer mixed effects. The relative weight analysis revealed that monthly precipitation, monthly cold days, the difference between negative and positive temperature anomalies, basic air temperature conditions, altitude, the difference between positive and negative atmospheric pressure anomalies, monthy extremely hot days, and monthly fresh breeze days were correlated with the natural logarithm of AE prevalence, with sequential decreases in their relative weights. The multinomial logistic regression model was the best predictor at epidemic levels 1, 3, 5, and 6, whereas the CART model was the best predictor at epidemic levels 2, 4, and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuizhao Xue
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Baixue Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Kui
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiping Wu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuai Han
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases of Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, 207, Ruijin Er Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Canjun Zheng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 155, Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Hajizadeh M, Jabbari A, Spotin A, Hejazian SS, Mikaeili Galeh T, Hassannia H, Sahlolbei M, Pagheh AS, Ahmadpour E. Modulatory Effects of Hydatid Cyst Fluid on a Mouse Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Vet Sci 2024; 11:34. [PMID: 38250940 PMCID: PMC10819194 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The reduced burden of helminth parasites in industrialized countries is probably one of the reasons for the increased prevalence of autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The current study aimed to evaluate the potential preventive effects of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) on the disease severity in an EAE mouse model of MS. EAE-induced mice were treated with HCF before and after EAE induction. An RT-PCR-based evaluation of IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF, T-bet, IL-4, GATA3, IL-17, RoRγ, TGF-β, and FOXP3 expression levels in splenocytes and an ELISA-based analysis of IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in cell culture supernatant of splenocytes were performed. Histopathological examinations of mice during the study were also conducted. The expression levels of T-bet, IL-4, GATA3, TGF-β, and FOXP3 in EAE + HCF mice were significantly higher compared to EAE + PBS mice. In the EAE + HCF group, the expression levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF were significantly lower than in the EAE + PBS group. The histopathological results showed significantly reduced inflammation and demyelination in EAE + HCF mice compared to EAE + PBS mice. Our study provides proof-of-concept in the EAE mouse model of MS that helminth-derived products such as HCF have a potential prophylactic effect on MS development and present a novel potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Aynaz Jabbari
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran (S.S.H.)
| | - Seyyed Sina Hejazian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran (S.S.H.)
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy 53464-58167, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Amol Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran, University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48175-866, Iran
| | - Maryam Sahlolbei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran (S.S.H.)
| | - Abdol Sattar Pagheh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 14619-65381, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran (S.S.H.)
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9
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Karbasian F, Ataollahi M, Mashhadiagha A, Moosavi SA, Forooghi M, Ansary N, Hosseinian H, Geramizadeh B. Giant non-parasitic splenic cyst: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:501. [PMID: 38049884 PMCID: PMC10696752 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenic cysts are quite rare and asymptomatic. They may result from infection by a parasite, especially Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid cyst), or from non-parasitic causes. Since primary splenic cysts are not common, simple cysts can be misdiagnosed with a hydatid cyst in endemic areas. CASE PRESENTATION We reported a 14-year-old Iranian girl initially presented with a vague abdominal pain, which progressed to left shoulder pain, fullness, early satiety, and shortness of breath and remained undiagnosed for 7 months despite seeking medical attention. Finally, imaging revealed a massive splenic cyst measuring 220 mm × 150 mm × 160 mm raising concern for a hydatid cyst due to regional endemicity. Consequently, the patient underwent total splenectomy. However, histopathological examination surprisingly revealed a simple non-parasitic cyst. CONCLUSIONS Detecting rare simple spleen cysts requires early ultrasonography (US) and careful reassessment of diagnoses for non-responsive or worsening symptoms. Distinguishing them from splenic hydatidosis, especially in endemic areas, demands thorough paraclinical evaluations and patient history regarding potential parasitic exposure. While total splenectomy is the primary treatment for these huge cysts, the optimal surgical approach should be tailored case by case. These insights emphasize a comprehensive diagnostic approach to enhance accuracy and optimize patient care for these uncommon cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Karbasian
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ataollahi
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirali Mashhadiagha
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences٫ , Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Moosavi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences٫ , Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Forooghi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Ansary
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hosseinian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences٫ , Shiraz, Iran
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10
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Haddad MHF, Sepahvand Z, Fadaei T, Belali R. Epidemiological characteristics of human cystic echinococcosis in Khuzestan province (Iran), 2011-2021: a retrospective analytical study. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:718-726. [PMID: 38009155 PMCID: PMC10667199 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-023-01619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst (HC) disease is endemic in many Mediterranean countries. The most polluted areas of Iran include the Alborz and Zagros Mountain ranges, where animal husbandry is common. This study investigated the epidemiological dimensions of HC in patients admitted to hospitals in Khuzestan province from 2011 to 2021. Of all 183 patients identified, 113 (61.7%) were female with the mean age of 37.7 ± 17, men with the mean age of 36.7 ± 19. Also, we found that housewives made up 49.2% of our HC patients. 65% of the patients in this study lived in urban areas, and 42% had a history of contact with dogs. The liver was reported to be the most HC-affected organ. The most clinical symptoms were abdominal pain and hepatomegaly. 59% of the patients had only one cyst. This study found that surgery and radiology were the most common treatment and diagnostic methods. There were significant relationships between: gender and occupation (p < 0.001); location with dog contact, duration of dog contact (p < 0.001); ways of washing raw vegetables (p < 0.01), and type of treatment (p < 0.05); occupation and dog contact (p < 0.001); with the involvement of the liver being greater in patients who used only water to wash vegetables (p < 0.01). The key to successful disease management is early diagnosis. How to intervene and treat HC necessitates the identification of the stages of the cyst, which is dependent on imaging techniques. The prevalence of human hydatidosis has been overlooked as the most important disease that health policymakers should consider. Furthermore, training programs are required to better understand the disease's symptoms and identify sources of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Sepahvand
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Fadaei
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rafie Belali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Pour-Rashidi A, Turgut M, Fallahpour M, Mohammadi E, Hanaei S, Rezaei N. Central nervous system hydatidosis around the world: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Sci 2023; 67:653-663. [PMID: 36800683 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.22.05817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Echinococcosis is a chronic disease caused by Echinococcus species. The central nervous system (CNS) hydatidosis is still a major concern, especially in endemic countries, due to non-specific features and late diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to provide a systematic review to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of CNS hydatidosis worldwide over the past decades. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, and Google Scholar were systematically searched. The gray literature and the references of included studies were searched as well. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Our results showed that the CNS hydatid cyst was more prevalent in the male gender, and it is known as a recurrent disease with a rate of 26.5%. CNS hydatidosis was more common in the supratentorial region and was also significantly common in developing countries, including Türkiye and Iran. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that the disease would be more prevalent in developing countries. Also, there would be a trend toward a male predominance of CNS hydatid cyst, younger age involvement, and the recurrence rate of 25% in general. There is no consensus about chemotherapy unless in recurrent disease and the patients who experienced cyst rupture intraoperatively, recommended for a wide range of 3 to 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Pour-Rashidi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehmet Turgut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Türkiye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Aydın Adnan Menderes University Health Sciences Institute, Efeler, Türkiye
| | - Mahshid Fallahpour
- Department of Public Health, San Diego State University (SDSU), - University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Hanaei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran -
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Paduraru AA, Lupu MA, Sima L, Cozma GV, Olariu SD, Chiriac SD, Totolici BD, Pirvu CA, Lazar F, Nesiu A, Mihu AG, Cumpanas AA, Cretu OM, Olariu TR. Cystic Echinococcosis in Hospitalized Adult Patients from Western Romania: 2007-2022. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2388. [PMID: 37894047 PMCID: PMC10609572 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological features of human cystic echinococcosis in patients from Western Romania. We retrospectively investigated the medical records of patients hospitalized with CE between 1 January 2007 and 1 September 2022. A total of 366 patients (range 18-90 years) were recorded. The number of hospitalized individuals was higher in patients aged 50-59 years (83/366, 22.7%), in females (194/366, 53%), and in residents of rural areas (225/366, 61.5%). The liver was the most common localization of the cysts (302/366, 82.5%). Ninety-eight patients (26.8%) presented complications, including biliary fistula, allergies, and infection of the cyst. Patients with complications had a longer mean hospital stay (15.7 ± 8.3 days) compared to patients without complications (11.5 ± 7.3 days) (p < 0.001). The results of this study revealed that patients diagnosed with CE required hospitalization and extended medical care, indicating that this zoonotic disease remains a significant public health problem in Western Romania. Public health authorities should enhance CE surveillance by implementing control programs and mandatory notification of new cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alexandra Paduraru
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (M.A.L.); (A.G.M.); (T.R.O.)
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Alina Lupu
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (M.A.L.); (A.G.M.); (T.R.O.)
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Sima
- Discipline of Surgical Semiology I and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (G.V.C.)
- General Surgery Clinic, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriel Veniamin Cozma
- Discipline of Surgical Semiology I and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (G.V.C.)
- Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Dan Olariu
- General Surgery Clinic, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania; (S.D.O.)
- Discipline of Surgery I, Department of Surgery II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Dan Chiriac
- Discipline of Surgery III, Department of Surgery II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Dan Totolici
- Department of General Surgery, Vasile Goldis Western University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Catalin Alexandru Pirvu
- General Surgery Clinic, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania; (S.D.O.)
- Discipline of Surgical Emergencies, Department of Surgery II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Fulger Lazar
- General Surgery Clinic, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania; (S.D.O.)
- Discipline of Surgery II, Department of Surgery II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Nesiu
- Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310025 Arad, Romania;
- Department of Urology, Arad County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 310037 Arad, Romania
| | - Alin Gabriel Mihu
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (M.A.L.); (A.G.M.); (T.R.O.)
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310025 Arad, Romania;
| | - Alin Adrian Cumpanas
- Discipline of Urology, Department XV, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Marius Cretu
- Discipline of Surgical Semiology I and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (G.V.C.)
- General Surgery Clinic, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tudor Rares Olariu
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (M.A.L.); (A.G.M.); (T.R.O.)
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
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13
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Maleki F, Akhlaghi L, Tabatabaie F. Evaluation of Hydatid Cyst Antigen for Serological Diagnosis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:87. [PMID: 37655067 PMCID: PMC10466074 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydatidosis, a chronic zoonotic disease, has a distribution worldwide and is caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus helminth. The Dot-ELISA test can diagnose hydatidosis quickly and accurately. Additionally, unlike other hydatid disease tests now used, this quick and affordable enzyme immunoassay is very serum-conservative and antigen-conservative, needing just nanogram levels of parasite antigen. Methods In the present cross-sectional study, crude and B antigens of hydatid cyst fluid were obtained to diagnose human hydatidosis using CIEP (Counter Immunoelectrophoresis), ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent assay), and Dot- ELISA (Dot Enzyme linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) methods. Infected liver with a hydatid cyst was collected from Tehran's slaughterhouses to prepare cyst fluid in different stages. After extracting and purifying the Cyst fluid, it is centrifuged at 4ºc, then prepared to concentrate. The study also included sera from hydatidosis (n=60), samples of helminth parasites (n=55), fascioliasis (n=35), toxocariasis (n=20) and negative control (n=35) were tested by CIEP (Counter Immunoelectrophoresis), ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immune Sorbent assay), and Dot- ELISA (Dot Enzyme linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) methods. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows release 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results Crude antigen of hydatid cyst showed a specificity of 76.7%, a sensitivity of 93.3% using the ELISA method, and B antigen showed a specificity of 96.7% and sensitivity of 88.3% using the same method. The crude antigen of the hydatid cyst exhibited a specificity of 68.9% and a sensitivity of 86.7% using CIEP. The B antigen showed a specificity of 87.8% and sensitivity of 83.3% using the same method.The crude antigen of hydatid cyst having serum dilution at 1:800 exhibited a specificity of 83.3% and sensitivity of 100% using the Dot-ELISA method and B antigen having serum dilution at 1:800 serum showed a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 98.3% using the same method. The results of this finding showed that B antigen has the maximum specificity to diagnose hydatid test using the Dot- ELISA method. Conclusion Hydatid cysts present with varied symptomatology. History of exposure to infected animals may not be present. A high degree of clinical suspicion combined with meticulous history and clinical examination supported by laboratory investigations are required for its diagnosis. The Dot-ELISA system with native antigen B is a viable approach for the immunodiagnosis of human hydatidosis that is preferred to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lame Akhlaghi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaie
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tabaripour R, Sharifpour A, Fakhar M, Asadi S, Esmaeili Reykandeh S, Montazeri M, Keighobadi M. Status of human cystic echinococcosis based on hospital records in Mazandaran Province: A first registry-based evidence. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2023; 22:e00314. [PMID: 37457119 PMCID: PMC10344820 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human cystic echinococcosis, as an emerging neglected parasitic disease, is caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus spp. Because of the medical and economic importance, this study aims to review the epidemiology and clinical features of hydatidosis in patients admitted to medical and surgical wards in three referral teaching hospitals over 15 years in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Methods Data were collected from hospital records that were accessible via the hospital information system (HIS) between 2005 and 2019 (15 years).The demographic information (age, sex, living area, and occupation), dog contact, number of the cysts, types of organs involved, and history of disease recurrence were assessed. Results One hundred twenty-one patients with human cystic echinococcosis (CE) were involved in the study, from whom 58 patients (47.93%) were male and 63 (52.07%) were female. The majority of patients were rural residents (64.46%) and also housewife (28.10%). Based on the results, only about 16.53% of the patients had history of close contacts with dogs. The liver was the organ involved in the most cases of CE. There were statistically significant differences between residence, occupation, history of close contacts with dogs, type of organs involved, number of cysts and history of disease recurrence (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our data provides valuable registry-based information about CE in an endemic region. The data highlights that most patients lived in rural areas and were housewives. Additionally, they had a low rate of disease recurrence but a high rate of close contact with dogs. Moreover, further monitoring on registry-based program and strengthening the HIS in the provincial hospitals in the studied area are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeeh Tabaripour
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst Mazandaran Branch, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifpour
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst Mazandaran Branch, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Asadi
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Esmaeili Reykandeh
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Montazeri
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Keighobadi
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst Mazandaran Branch, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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15
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Rezaei R, Sadidi H, Taqanaki PB. Tension pneumothorax caused by the ruptured hydatid cyst of the lung. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e07542. [PMID: 37426682 PMCID: PMC10323720 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst disease puts a significant burden on the health of humans every year. The lung is the second most common organ of implantation of Echinococcus larvae. Due to the importance of early diagnosis of tension pneumothorax, this paper provides four cases of hydatid disease that presented with tension pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rezaei
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Hossein Sadidi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ghaem HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Alvi MA, Ali RMA, Khan S, Saqib M, Qamar W, Li L, Fu BQ, Yan HB, Jia WZ. Past and Present of Diagnosis of Echinococcosis: A Review (1999-2021). Acta Trop 2023; 243:106925. [PMID: 37080264 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The larval forms of taeniid cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus are the source of the zoonotic infection known as echinococcosis. Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are caused by Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus (s. s) respectively. It is endemic in several regions of the world. In this systematic review, we describe diagnosis, and the species (human, canids, livestock, and small rodents) affected by cystic (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE). From 1999 to 2021, we searched the online directory through PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and google scholar. Among the 37,700 records found in the online databases, 187 publications met our eligibility requirements. The majority of investigations employed a range of diagnostic methods, such as ELISA, imaging, copro-PCR, necropsy or arecoline hydrobromide purgation, morphological cestode confirmation, and fecal sieving/flotation to detect and confirm Echinococcus infection. ELISA was the most commonly used method followed by PCR, and imaging. The research team retrieved data describing the incidence or assessment of the diagnostic test for E. multilocularis in humans (N = 99), canids (N = 63), small ruminants (N = 13), large ruminants (N= 3), camel (N= 2), pigs (N=2) and small mammals (N= 5). This study was conducted to explore the diagnostic tools applied to detect echinococcosis in humans as well as animals in prevalent countries, and to report the characteristic of new diagnostic tests for disease surveillance. This systematic review revealed that ELISA (alone or in combination) was the most common method used for disease diagnosis and diagnostic efficacy and prevalence rate increased when recombinant antigens were used. It is highly recommended to use combination protcols such as serological with molecular and imaging technique to diagnose disease. Our study identified scarcity of data of reporting echinococcosis in humans/ animals in low-income or developing countries particularly central Asian countries. Study reports in small rodents indicate their role in disease dissemination but real situation in these host is not refected due to limited number of studies. Even though echinococcosis affects both public health and the domestic animal sector, therefore, it is important to devise new and strengthe implementation of the existing monitoring, judging, and control measures in this estimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Athar Ali
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Khan
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Warda Qamar
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bao-Quan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wan-Zhong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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Maleki D, Davani SZN, Talebi-Taher M, Salemi B, Khanaliha K. Presentation of Epicardial and Intrapericardial Hydatid Cysts: A Case Series. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2023; 18:251-256. [PMID: 37583629 PMCID: PMC10423900 DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v18i2.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydatid cyst mainly involves the liver and lung; however, it can rarely involve cardiac tissue. This study describes the presence of hydatid cysts in the heart with considerable disease points in Tehran, Iran. Two cases aged between 25 to 50 years with cardiac hydatid cyst involvement were identified in 2021 in Tehran, Iran. Epicardial hydatid cyst between a left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and left obtuse marginal artery (OM) on the left ventricle, and in the second case, intrapericardial cyst attached to the pulmonary trunk with a thin base were identified. The cardial cysts were resected, and the patients recovered without any complications. Cardiac hydatid cyst is a very rare disease. Rapid diagnosis and surgical and medical care are necessary for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Maleki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Sam Zeraatian-Nejad Davani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Rasool akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Talebi-Taher
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Borna Salemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khanaliha
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Paduraru AA, Lupu MA, Lighezan R, Pavel R, Cretu OM, Olariu TR. Seroprevalence of Anti- Echinococcus granulosus Antibodies and Risk Factors for Infection in Blood Donors from Western Romania. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:871. [PMID: 37109399 PMCID: PMC10143201 DOI: 10.3390/life13040871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a worldwide-distributed zoonotic parasitic disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors potentially associated with Echinococcus granulosus in healthy blood donors from Timis County, an endemic region in Western Romania. Serum samples were collected from 1347 Romanian blood donors. Serologic tests to determine the presence of anti-Echinococcus antibodies were performed using an anti-Echinococcus-ELISA immunoassay. Anti-Echinococcus antibodies were detected in 38 blood donors, indicating an overall seroprevalence of 2.8%. The seropositivity rate was 3.7% in females and 3.1% in blood donors residing in urban areas. The highest seropositivity was found in the age group of 31-40 years (3.6%). There were no significant differences between Echinococcus seropositivity and gender, area of residence, age, contact with dogs, or raising sheep. This serologic survey evaluated for the first time the presence of Echinococcus antibodies in healthy blood donors from Western Romania and the potential risk factors associated with echinococcosis. Our results suggest that this zoonotic infection might evolve asymptomatically in apparently healthy individuals. Further studies should be conducted in the general population to estimate the true extent of human echinococcosis and its risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alexandra Paduraru
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Alina Lupu
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Rodica Lighezan
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Regional Blood Transfusion Center, 300737 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Pavel
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Discipline of Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Marius Cretu
- Discipline of Surgical Semiology I and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- General Surgery Clinic, Municipal Clinical Emergency Teaching Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tudor Rares Olariu
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Clinical Emergency Teaching Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania
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Abstract
An isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen is a rare presentation of echinococcal diseases, especially in non-endemic areas where it may end up with unnecessary work-up and misdiagnosis. Here, we present the case of a 28-year-old female presenting with generalized abdominal pain, constipation, and early satiety who had a delayed diagnosis of isolated splenic hydatid cyst which was partially treated with albendazole, eventually requiring splenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hovra Zahoor
- Internal Medicine, HCA Florida Orange Park Hospital, Orange Park, USA
| | - Esra Sari
- Internal Medicine, HCA Florida Orange Park Hospital, Orange Park, USA
| | - Jay Patel
- Internal Medicine, HCA Florida Orange Park Hospital, Orange Park, USA
| | - Nilmarie Guzman
- Internal Medicine, HCA Florida Orange Park Hospital, Orange Park, USA
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20
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Sadjjadi FS, Hajjaran H, Sedaghat B, Mardani P, Sadjjadi SM. Proteomics investigation of human sera for determination of postoperative indicators of pulmonary cystic echinococcosis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:18. [PMID: 36631795 PMCID: PMC9832791 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The disease is a major health problem all over the world. Finding specific and sensitive biomarkers for follow-up of CE in patients after surgery is essential. Using proteomics methods, the present study aimed to evaluate post-surgical treatment by finding probable biomarker/s in the serum of human lungs CE. METHODS A total of 24 human sera were tested. These sera included eight confirmed lung/s CE patients sera before surgery (BS), eight sera 12 months post-surgery (12MPS) as well as eight control sera from healthy people. Proteomics methods including 2DE and LC-MS/MS were performed on the specimens followed by bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed proteins (DEP) were detected and, separately integrated with protein-protein interaction (PPI) data to construct the PPI network. RESULTS A total of 171 protein spots were detected in three groups including BS, 12MPS, and control groups; of which a total of 106 DEP have been expressed based on fold changes > = 2 and p-value < 0.05. More analysis was performed and a total of 10 protein spots were selected for identification by mass spectrometry showing the following proteins: APOA1, BGN, SPP2, EAF1, ACOXL, MRPL55, MCTP2, SEPTIN1, B4GALNT1, and ZNF843. Based on centrality parameters of the PPI network (degree and betweenness) five Hub-bottlenecks proteins with significant centrality values were found including APOA1, BGN, SPP2, EAF1, and ACOXL. CONCLUSION This study showed five proteins as hub-bottleneck proteins; of which APOA1 was more prominent. It can be concluded that a change in expression of this protein in patients' sera could be used as an indicator tool for the achievement of lungs CE surgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Sadjjadi
- grid.411600.2Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Hajjaran
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sedaghat
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parviz Mardani
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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21
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Agholi M, Heidarian HR, Montaseri Z, Khajeh F. Muscular hydatid cyst in Iran: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 103:107867. [PMID: 36669320 PMCID: PMC9867961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Hydatid disease, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is a common parasitic infection of humans and herbivores. Although livers and lungs are the most commonly affected organ, hydatid cysts may develop in any body part. Primary muscular hydatid cyst is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION We reported the case of a 40-year-old-woman with the presentation of a soft, mobile, and non-tender lump in the dorsal part of her left upper arm (triceps brachii), which emerged one year ago. Her past medical history was unremarkable. The arm sonography revealed a single uniloculated cystic mass (6.5 cm × 5.5 cm) with a thick wall containing cystic lesions. It suggested the diagnosis of echinococcosis. The patient underwent surgery, and the hydatid cyst was excised. Histopathological examination confirmed hydatidosis. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Hydatid cysts occur rarely (about 4 %) in muscles even in endemic regions. The study is the first case of hydatidosis found in triceps brachii in Fars province, Iran. In endemic regions, considering the hydatid cyst possibility is very important because it presents with many diversities. As it clinically presents a painless slow-growing mass, may be misdiagnosed with benign soft tissue tumors. CONCLUSION Although muscular hydatidosis is extremely rare, it should be considered a differential diagnosis of any growing subcutaneous or muscular masses or tumors. Imaging modalities and blood tests are highly relevant for diagnosis. Surgical excision, a choice of treatment, should be done with cautions and is combined with anthelmintic therapy to reduce the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Agholi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Heidarian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zahra Montaseri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Khajeh
- Department of Pathology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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22
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Basharat N, Khan J, Ullah I, Shah AA, Ali I. Genetic characterization of human echinococcosis in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1141192. [PMID: 37180451 PMCID: PMC10174045 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1141192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Echinococcosis is a neglected tropical zoonotic infection that affects both the human and livestock populations. In Pakistan, the infection is long-standing, but data on its molecular epidemiology and genotypic characterization in the southern Punjab region are limited. The aim of the current study was the molecular characterization of human echinococcosis in southern Punjab, Pakistan. Methods Echinococcal cysts were obtained from a total of 28 surgically treated patients. Patients' demographic characteristics were also recorded. The cyst samples were subjected to further processing to isolate DNA in order to probe the Nad1 and Cyt-b genes, followed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis for genotypic identification. Results The majority of the echinococcal cysts were from male patients (60.7%). The liver was the most commonly infected organ (60.71%), followed by the lungs (25%), spleen (7.14%), and the mesentery (7.14%). Molecular and genotypic identification through sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that most of the cysts (24/28, 85.7%) were caused by the species Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (E. granulosus s.s.) (G1 and G3), followed by Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis) and Echinococcus canadensis (E. canadensis) (G6/G7) (3/28, 10.8%, and 1/28, 3.5%, respectively). Conclusion The current study concluded that the majority of human infections were caused by E. granulosus s.s., followed by the E. multilocularis and E. canadensis species (G6/G7). Genotypic characterization among both human and livestock populations is needed to explore the genetic diversity of echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Basharat
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jadoon Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Sciences, Iqra University (Chak Shahzad), Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Jadoon Khan, ; Ijaz Ali,
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Sciences, Iqra University (Chak Shahzad), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, West Mishref, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Jadoon Khan, ; Ijaz Ali,
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23
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Serosurvey of Cystic Echinococcosis and Related Risk Factors for Infection in Fars Province, Southern Iran: A Population-Based Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3709694. [PMID: 36105940 PMCID: PMC9467706 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3709694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a common zoonotic infection in all provinces of Iran, especially in areas where people live on agriculture and animal husbandry. The current cross-sectional population-based study is aimed at determining the seroprevalence of CE in Kavar County, Fars province, southern Iran. Blood samples were collected from 1500 individuals (749 males and 751 females). Anti-hydatid cyst antibodies were detected, using a recombinant B8/1 antigen of Echinococcus graunlosus in an ELISA system. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find out the independent risk factor for CE seropositivity. Anti-hydatid cyst antibodies were detected in the sera of 131 out of 1500 participants, corresponding to a seroprevalence rate of 8.73%. With a statistically significant difference (
), the seroprevalence of hydatid cyst in males and females was 5% and 7%, respectively. Differences in the seropositivity of hydatid cysts were also statistically significant by occupation (
). The seroprevalence of hydatid cyst was significantly higher in the age group of 35-45 years than in other age groups (
). Multivariate logistic regression showed that only age was associated with seropositivity to CE (
, 95% CI: 1.33-3.72). Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between seropositivity to hydatid cysts and underlying diseases such as hypertension (
) and fatty liver (
). The findings of this study indicate that the seroprevalence rate of CE is relatively high in the Fars province, southern Iran, and this high rate of infection is mainly linked to people’s jobs and lifestyles.
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24
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Shafiei R, Raeghi S, Jafarzadeh F, Najjari M, Ghatee MA, Shokri A. Three cases of brain hydatidosis in North Khorasan, Iran. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6095. [PMID: 35898758 PMCID: PMC9307882 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic hydatidosis is a serious public health problem in Iran. Although cysts can develop in almost all organs and the brain cysts are very rare. Here, we present 3 confirmed cases of brain hydatidosis and the patients who underwent successful surgery. Pathological examinations demonstrated the presence of cystic hydatidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shafiei
- Vector‐borne Diseases Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Saber Raeghi
- Department of Laboratory SciencesMaragheh University of Medical SciencesMaraghehIran
| | - Fatemeh Jafarzadeh
- Vector‐borne Diseases Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Mohsen Najjari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Amin Ghatee
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Microbiology Department, School of MedicineYasuj University of Medical SciencesYasujIran
| | - Azar Shokri
- Vector‐borne Diseases Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
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25
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Zhang T, Li B, Liu Y, Liu S. Risk Factors Associated With Echinococcosis in the General Chinese Population: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2022; 10:821265. [PMID: 35655451 PMCID: PMC9152270 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.821265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Echinococcosis is a severe zoonotic disease that imposes a substantial burden on human life. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize available data on the prevalence of human echinococcosis and identify the key risk factors for echinococcosis in the Chinese general population. Methods Relevant studies were comprehensively searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP Information (VIP), Wanfang and SinoMed databases until August 22, 2020. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The I2 and Q statistics were calculated to evaluate the heterogeneity, and potential sources of heterogeneity were identified using sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. Publication bias was estimated by funnel plots and Egger's test. Results A total of 1026 studies were identified through the database search, of which 26 were eligible for this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of AE and CE were 2.88% and 5.66%, respectively. Ethnicity (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.81–4.75; I2 = 0), herdsman occupation (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 2.25–3.14; I2 = 8.0%), not washing hands before meals (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.34–4.28; I2 = 82.8%) and being female (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.26–1.66; I2 = 33.9%) were risk factors for AE. The top five risk factors for CE were ethnicity (OR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.55–6.52; I2 = 79.2%), nomadism (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.65–4.47; I2 = 55.8%), drinking nonboiled water (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.36–4.47; I2 = 85.7), feeding viscera to dogs (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.89–2.91; I2 = 21.5%), and herdsman occupation (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.67–2.86; I2 = 85.1%). Conclusions This study generalized articles that have contributed to our current understanding of the epidemic of human echinococcosis (AE and CE) in China over the years. The results support that the ethnicity and dog-related factors are major risk factors for both CE and AE. The identification of echinococcosis risk factors may aid researchers and policymakers in improving surveillance and preventive measures aimed at reducing Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shou Liu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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26
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Kargar S, Dalimi A, Eslami G, Hajimohammadi B, Shirinzadeh A, Amouei A, Zare M, Jafari-Nedooshan J, Heiranizadeh N, Akhavan Tafti M, Ahmadian S, Hosseini SS, Askari V, Sheykhzadegan M, Ghoshouni H, Ranjbar MJ, Boozhmehrani MJ, Vakili M. Cystic Echinococcosis in Central Iran: G1 and G6 Genotypes in Patients. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2022; 23:451-457. [DOI: 10.1089/sur.2022.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Kargar
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gilda Eslami
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahador Hajimohammadi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shirinzadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abdolhamid Amouei
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zare
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jama Jafari-Nedooshan
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Heiranizadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Akhavan Tafti
- Department of Pathology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Salman Ahmadian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vahideh Askari
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Sheykhzadegan
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghoshouni
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ranjbar
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Boozhmehrani
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Vakili
- Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Soleymani E, Sayyadi S, Pazoki H, Fakhar M, Banimostafavi ES, Kolivand M, Davoodi L, Soleymani M. Multivesicular hepatic human hydatid cyst from Iran: First genotyping-based confirmation. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05336. [PMID: 35140951 PMCID: PMC8813668 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. To date, the genotype of multivesicular CE has not been identified. In this regard, the genotyping of multivesicular types of CE could help clinicians understand and manage the disease effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eissa Soleymani
- Department of Parasitology and MycologyStudent Research CommitteeHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Sohrab Sayyadi
- Department of SurgeryIranian National Registry Centre for Hydatid Cyst, Razi and Imam Khomeini HospitalsMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Hossein Pazoki
- Student Research CommitteeSchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Toxoplasmosis Research CentreCommunicable Diseases InstituteIranian National Registry Centre for Lophomoniasis and ToxoplasmosisMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Elham Sadat Banimostafavi
- Toxoplasmosis Research CentreCommunicable Diseases InstituteIranian National Registry Centre for Lophomoniasis and ToxoplasmosisMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
- Department of RadiologyToxoplasmosis Research CentreCommunicable Diseases InstituteImam Khomeini HospitalMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Mohsen Kolivand
- Department of Parasitology and MycologyStudent Research CommitteeHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Lotfollah Davoodi
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAntimicrobial Resistance Research CenterFaculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Mostafa Soleymani
- Toxoplasmosis Research CentreCommunicable Diseases InstituteIranian National Registry Centre for Lophomoniasis and ToxoplasmosisMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
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Pelvic Hydatid Cyst with Hydroureteronephrosis: A Rare Case Report. Case Rep Infect Dis 2022; 2021:2090849. [PMID: 34992888 PMCID: PMC8727127 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Humans are accidentally infected with the parasite. The cyst is usually found in the liver and lungs and rarely occurs in other body parts. The present article describes a rare case of pelvic hydatid cyst in a young man who presented with nausea, vomiting, and right abdominal pain. Two large cystic masses were discovered during a CT scan in the patient's pelvic region, resulting in right urinary tract hydroureteronephrosis. Additionally, the antibody index was used to confirm the presence of a primary hydatid cyst.
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29
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An Adrift and Homeless Cyst within the Peritoneal Cavity. Case Rep Surg 2022; 2021:6630043. [PMID: 34976426 PMCID: PMC8718317 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6630043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus species. Iran is endemic for Echinococcus granulosus. Here, we present a case of hydatidosis in an 85-year-old man, presented with acute, dull, constant, and generalized abdominal pain. A computed tomography scan (CT scan) showed an intact hydatid cyst on the bladder dome and several hydatid cysts in the liver. Open surgery revealed a cyst with hepatic origin, confirmed with histopathological studies. Conclusion Although a primary abdominal hydatid cyst is very rare, it can be transferred to the abdominal cavity without any rupture as secondary ones. In this case, rupture of the liver wall was the reason for this transfer. As a result, there should be a suspicion of hydatidosis in a patient with a similar presentation.
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30
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García-Méndez N, Manterola C, Totomoch-Serra A, Riffo-Campos AL, Brito-Carreón CA. PROTEOMIC PROFILE OF ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Parasitol 2022; 108:64-69. [PMID: 35119469 DOI: 10.1645/20-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. This affliction is an endemic worldwide condition that represents a neglected parasitic disease with important socioeconomic repercussions. Proteomic characterization of larval and adult stages of E. granulosus, as well as the association between expression profiles and host interactions, is relevant for a better understanding of parasite biology, and eventually for drug design and vaccine development. This study aimed to develop a synthesis of the evidence available related to proteomics of E. granulosus. A systematic review was carried out to collect data concerning the proteomics of E. granulosus, without language or host restriction, published between 1980 and 2019. A systematic search was carried out in the Trip Database, BIREME-BVS, SciELO, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, EBSCO host, and LILACS, using MeSH terms, free words, and Boolean connectors, and adapting strategies to each source of information. Additionally, a manual cross-reference search was performed. Variables studied were the year of publication, geographic origin of the study, number of samples, hosts, parasitic organs, proteomic techniques, and parasite proteins verified. Nine-hundred and thirty-six related articles were identified: 17 fulfilled selection criteria, including slightly more than 188 samples. Most articles were published between 2014 and 2019 (64.7%) and were from Brazil and China (35.3% each). In reference to confirmed hosts in the primary articles, cattle (41.2%) and humans (23.5%) were the most frequently reported. Concerning proteomic techniques applied in the primary articles, LC-MS/MS was the most used (41.1%), and 890 proteins were reported by the primary articles. As the results of our search suggest, the information related to E. granulosus proteomics is scarce, heterogeneous, and scattered throughout several articles that include a diversity of tissues, samples, intermediate hosts, and proteomic techniques. Consequently, the level of evidence generated by our search is type 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayely García-Méndez
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos Manterola
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile.,Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Armando Totomoch-Serra
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, National Polytechnic Institute, 36824, México City, México
| | - Angela L Riffo-Campos
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - César A Brito-Carreón
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, National Polytechnic Institute, 36824, México City, México
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Fakhar M, Keighobadi M, Hezarjaribi HZ, Montazeri M, Banimostafavi ES, Sayyadi S, Ghaffari Hamadani MM, Sharifpour A, Tabaripour R, Asadi S, Soosaraei M, Khasseh AA. Two decades of echinococcosis/hydatidosis research: Bibliometric analysis based on the web of science core collection databases (2000-2019). Food Waterborne Parasitol 2021; 25:e00137. [PMID: 34849415 PMCID: PMC8608866 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2021.e00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Echinococcus multilocularis are responsible for serious health and economic implications for humans and animals. This study was designed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research on echinococcosis/hydatidosis included in the Web of Science Core Collection databases from 2000 to 2019. A total of 7066 relevant articles between 2000 and 2019 were identified. Most articles were published in 2015 (502 articles), 2017 (492 articles) and 2018 (493 articles), with the Veterinary Parasitology journal publishing the largest number of articles (237). Researchers from Xinjiang Medical University, China authored the most articles (388) in the field. Authors Craig, P.S. and Deplazes, P. were the most active in publishing143 and 126 hydatid cyst research papers, respectively. The most echinococcosis/hydatidosis publications originated from Turkey, China and Iran, with 1210, 708 and 531 articles, respectively. The highest levels of research collaboration were evident between China- England, China-France, England-France, China-Australia, and China-Japan. Also, the top researchers in this field had relatively extensive collaborations with each other. Our bibliometric analysis provides a picture of the scientific research into the echinococcosis/hydatidosis field. Further multi-national collaborative research efforts in this field should show promising progress in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Fakhar
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran Branch, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Keighobadi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hajar Ziaei Hezarjaribi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Corresponding authors at: Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Farah-Abad Road, PO Box: 48471-91971, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mahbobeh Montazeri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Corresponding authors at: Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Farah-Abad Road, PO Box: 48471-91971, Sari, Iran.
| | - Elham S. Banimostafavi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran Branch, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahram Sayyadi
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Department of Surgery, Mazandaran Branch, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Ghaffari Hamadani
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Department of Surgery, Mazandaran Branch, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifpour
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran Branch, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rabeeh Tabaripour
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Asadi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Soosaraei
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali A. Khasseh
- Department of Knowledge and Information Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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Torabi H, Shirini K, Ghaffari R. A Rare Simultaneous Occurrence of Splenic and Pelvic Cavity Hydatid Cyst. Cureus 2021; 13:e20827. [PMID: 35141082 PMCID: PMC8800376 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst is a significant health-threatening problem that can affect almost all organs, especially the lungs and the liver, but the possibility of its occurrence in organs such as the spleen or pelvic cavity is rare. Thus, simultaneous hydatid cysts in the spleen and pelvic cavity are probably very rare. Nevertheless, since hydatid cysts in different areas can cause various symptoms, it should be considered a significant diagnosis. This article presents a case report of a 21-year-old woman presenting with right lower quadrant abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis but found to have simultaneous hydatid cysts in the spleen and the pelvic cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Torabi
- Department of General Surgery, Poursina Medical and Educational Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IRN
| | - Kasra Shirini
- Department of General Surgery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, IRN
| | - Rona Ghaffari
- Department of General Surgery, Poursina Medical and Educational Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IRN
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Gharibi Z, Rahdar M, Pirestani M, Tavalla M, Tabandeh MR. The Immunization of Protoscolices P29 DNA Vaccine on Experimental Cystic Echinococosis in Balb/c Mice. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:1114-1121. [PMID: 33813653 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cystic Echinococosis is one of the important parasitic diseases that is considered as a problem economics and health in many parts of the world. Many efforts have been performed for controlling the disease in the world. To reach a reliable vaccine against Cystic Echinococosis is one of the important duty of governments. Several antigen of hydatid cyst for vaccine candidate have been evaluated. In this study, P-29 antigen has been used for this purpose. METHODS E.g P29 antigen was cloned in Escherichia coli and transfected into the Chinese hamster ovary cell for antigen proliferation and used for vaccination in Balb/c mice. The recombinant antigen E.g-29 was shown using Western blot test. Two dilution of DNA vaccine (pCEgP-29) including 50 µg/100 µl and 100 µg/100 µl were prepared. Twenty four Balb/C male 6-8 week mouse were divided in 4 groups. The groups were included in 2 vaccination groups (pcEg.P29 50 µg/100 µl and 100 µg/100 µl dilution) as immunized groups and 2 groups of plasmid and PBS as control. The mice were injected intramuscularly 3 times with 2 weeks interval. After 3 weeks from last injection, all groups were challenged intraperitonealy with 2000 protoscolices. After 5 months, the mice were euthanized by ketamine/xylasine injection and number, size, and weight of cysts were recorded. RESULTS Immunization rate was up to 93% in vaccinated group when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that rEg.P29 could be considered as an effective vaccine for controlling of E. granulosus prevalence in intermediated host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gharibi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rahdar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Majid Pirestani
- Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Tavalla
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Tabandeh
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Zhang T, Ma LH, Liu H, Li SK. Incurable and refractory spinal cystic echinococcosis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:10337-10344. [PMID: 34904108 PMCID: PMC8638056 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i33.10337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence and cure rate of spinal hydatidosis are low, the recurrence rate of spinal hydatidosis is high, and the prognosis of spinal hydatidosis is poor. Therefore, we report a typical case of refractory spinal hydatidosis to increase spine surgeons’ awareness of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis and recurrence.
CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old man presented with back pain, significant weight loss, and paralysis of both lower limbs. The patient was misdiagnosed with spinal tuberculosis in an outside hospital. However, spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hyperintense cystic components on T2-weighted images and hypointensity on T1-weighted images. A lobulated, multiocular, honeycomb-appearance, septated cystic mass protruding intraspinally and compressing the spinal cord at segments T8–T9 was present. Paravertebral polycystic lobular lesions presented as a “bunch of grapes”. The ELISA test result for Echinococcus granulosus was positive. Then, a diagnosis of spinal hydatidosis and lung hydatid disease was made, and the patient underwent left transthoracic approach lobectomy, paravertebral lesion debridement, and subtotal vertebrectomy with vertebral body replacement of segments T8 and T9 by a mesh cage. The patient also underwent albendazole chemotherapy before and after surgery. One year after stopping the drug therapy, the patient developed recurrent T5 vertebral lesions and underwent a second subtotal vertebrectomy surgery. The patient is currently in good condition and is receiving long-term medication and follow-up.
CONCLUSION The MRI feature of a “bunch of grapes” is a typical imaging indication of spinal hydatidosis. Subtotal vertebrectomy is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence. Total spondylectomy makes it possible to cure spinal hydatidosis, but antiparasitic drug therapy is also an important supplementary therapy to multimodal therapy. It is preferable for patients with spinal hydatidosis to receive life-long antiparasitic medication therapy and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Li-Hua Ma
- the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Song-Kai Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
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Al-Masoudi HK, Al-Hamadani KC, Khiarull IA. Interleukin 17 Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis in Babylon Province, Iraq. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2021; 76:1493-1500. [PMID: 35355748 PMCID: PMC8934064 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.355855.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is the silent chronic Helminthes zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage in intermediate hosts of the dog tapeworm Echicoccous granulosus, which belongs to the Taeniidae family and genus Echinococcu ssp. According to the study of CE, the hospitalization and surgeries of patients indicated the high prevalence of the disease in Iraq.This study aimed to determine some immunological parameters in patients infected with Echinococcus granulose. The study of 53 patients infected with CE showed that in 40 (75.4 %), 5 (9.4%), 4 (7.5%), and 2 (3.7 %) cases the liver, abdominal cavity, kidney, and lungs were involved. In terms of age, most and least number of the patients were within the age ranges of30-40 (n=15, 28.3 %) and60-70 years old (n=7, 13.2 %), respectively. Moreover, 37(56.9%) and 16(43%) of them were female and male, respectively. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the level of the Interleukin family among patients. There was a significant increase in the serum level concentration of IL17A and IL17B in patients with hydatid disease, compared to the control group. The changes in different age groups also showed statistically significant differences among them (P≤0.05). The outcome of this study indicated that CE is endemic in Babylon province, Iraq. The ELISA technique is a reliable and efficient test for the early diagnosis and monitoring of human hydatid disease. Moreover, it was found that the liver was the most common site of human hydatid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Al-Masoudi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - K C Al-Hamadani
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - I A Khiarull
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Baghdad, Iraq
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Matin S, Talei S, Dalimi A, Dadkhah M, Ghorbani M, Molaei S. COVID-19 and Hydatidosis Infections: Is There Any Relationship? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 16:343-345. [PMID: 34557252 PMCID: PMC8418649 DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v16i2.6287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghorbani
- Deputy of Research & Technology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Soheila Molaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Alareqi AA, Alshoabi SA, Alhazmi FH, Hamid AM, Alsharif WM, Gameraddin MB. A rare phenotype of breast hydatid cyst causing misdiagnosis and unnecessary intervention: a case report. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:3226-3230. [PMID: 34484524 PMCID: PMC8403704 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis) is a chronic parasitic infection by the larval stage of the cestode that is called Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) resulting in the development of cystic lesions in animals and humans. In this report, we describe a rare phenotype of hydatid cyst in the breast of a 23-year-old female presented with breast mass in the left upper outer quadrant for 3 months with palpable left axillary lymph nodes. Both US and mammography provided a picture of complex suspicious cystosolid lesion with amorphous micro-calcification (BIRAD-4A). Surgical consultation was performed and Tru-Cut biopsy was recommended. Histopathology results revealed multiple viable protoscolices of E. granulosus and suggested the final diagnosis of breast hydatid cyst. The patient returned with ruptured and infected hydatid cyst of the breast and started treatment with Albendazole 400 mg twice daily in addition to antibiotics. Following-up after two months of Albendazole treatment showed a dramatic shrinkage in the size of the cystic lesion. In conclusion, hydatid cyst should be considered as a differential diagnosis of any cystic or cystosolid lesion in the breast and any organ in the body from head to toe apart from the hair and nails. Radiologists should be aware to the benign lesions that may mimic breast cancer to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive procedures and consequent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Alareqi
- Department of Radiology, University of Science and Technology Hospital (USTH), Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
- Radiology department, 21 September university of medical and applied sciences, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
| | - Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad H Alhazmi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Walaa M Alsharif
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moawia B Gameraddin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Chatzifotiou D, Wolf C, Baibakovs A, Werthebach H, Lupascu B, Schnell M. Total Splenectomy for a Giant Isolated Splenic Hydatid Cyst Compressing the Abdominal Viscera: A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2021; 22:e931195. [PMID: 34315846 PMCID: PMC8329872 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.931195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Female, 49-year-old Final Diagnosis: Echinococcus infection Symptoms: Left upper quadrant abdominal pain Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Chatzifotiou
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
| | - Arturs Baibakovs
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
| | - Harald Werthebach
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
| | - Bogdan Lupascu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
| | - Martin Schnell
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Hegau Bodensee Clinic, Singen (Hohentwiel), Germany
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Gao Y, Wang W, Lyu C, Wei XY, Chen Y, Zhao Q, Ran ZG, Xia YQ. Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Echinococcus in Sheep in China From 1983 to 2020. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:711332. [PMID: 34381740 PMCID: PMC8350519 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.711332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of cestode species that belong to the genus Echinococcus. The infection of hydatid in sheep is very common in China, especially in the northwestern China. Here, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis of echinococcosis in sheep in China. Six databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Baidu Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Chinese Journal Database) were used to retrieve the literatures on echinococcosis in sheep in China from 1983 to 2020, and 74 studies. The random effects model was used in the “meta” package of the R software and the PFT was chosen for rate conversion. The research data were analyzed through subgroup analysis and univariate meta-regression analysis to reveal the factors that lead to research heterogeneity. The combined prevalence of Echinococcus in the selected period was estimated to be 30.9% (192,094/826,406). In the analysis of sampling year, the lowest positive rate was 13.9% (10,296/177,318) after 2011. The highest prevalence of Echinococcus was 51.1% (278/531) in the southwestern China. The highest infection rate in sheep was 20.1% (58,344/597,815) in the liver. The analysis based on age showed that the infection rate of elderly sheep was significantly higher than that in younger animals (P < 0.05). We also evaluated the effects of different geographic and climatic factors on the prevalence of Echinococcus in sheep. The results showed that the prevalence of Echinococcus was higher in high altitude, cold, humid, and high rainfall areas. It is necessary to carry out long-term monitoring and control of echinococcosis, cut off the infection route, and reduce the risk of infection in the high risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Research and Development Department, Chongqing Auleon Biological Co., Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chuang Lyu
- Animal Health Center, Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China.,Animal Health Center, Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Ran
- Research and Development Department, Chongqing Auleon Biological Co., Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - You-Qing Xia
- The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Borhani M, Fathi S, Darabi E, Jalousian F, Simsek S, Ahmed H, Kesik HK, Hosseini SH, Romig T, Harandi MF, Mobedi I. Echinococcoses in Iran, Turkey, and Pakistan: Old Diseases in the New Millennium. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0029020. [PMID: 34076492 PMCID: PMC8262809 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00290-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcosis is considered a cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by different species of small taeniid tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus and is regarded as a neglected zoonosis. Cystic and alveolar echinococcoses are endemic diseases of Tibetan, Pamir, and Iranian plateaus. All of the countries within the Iranian plateau are affected by echinococcosis. Pakistan, Turkey, and Iran are the three most populous countries of the region, in which echinococcosis is highly endemic. The three neighboring countries share strong cultural and socioeconomic ties. The present study aimed to provide a broad review of the status of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis, summarizing the current knowledge about geographical distribution, molecular epidemiology, and transmission dynamics of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Echinococcus multilocularis in this region. Additionally, we aimed to understand disease burden and risk factors as basic requirements for establishing a surveillance system and planning prevention and control programs. A considerable body of information is available on different aspects of echinococcosis in this region; however, several information and research gaps need to be filled before planning control programs. None of the countries in the region have an elaborate echinococcosis control program. Effective control programs require multi/intersectoral coordination within a One Health approach with a long-term political and administrative commitment and enhanced international collaboration among the three countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Borhani
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalousian
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sami Simsek
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Harun Kaya Kesik
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bingol, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas Romig
- Parasitology Unit, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Mobedi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Demographics of Cystic Echinococcosis Patients Treated Surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A Single Centre Study from 2007 - 2018. Helminthologia 2021; 58:162-172. [PMID: 34248376 PMCID: PMC8256454 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2021-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworms. These parasites have a worldwide geographic distribution and pose a serious threat to livestock industry as well as human health in the endemic areas. CE is widely distributed in Pakistan. However, very few reports are available related to the regional transmission of E. granulosus. A retrospective analysis was conducted of surgically confirmed CE patients who were treated at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan from 2007 – 2018. In total, 536 CE patients were evaluated during the study period. Cases originated from the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (n=336), Punjab (n=147), Baluchistan (n=18), Sindh (n=3), Islamabad (n=2), Gilgit Baltistan (n=1), and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (n=1). An additional 28 cases were from Afghanistan. The highest number of CE cases was reported in 2013 (n=90). Females made up a larger proportion of cases (n=310; 57.8 %) than males (n=226; 42.2 %). Most patients were members of the Pashtun (n=197; 36.7 %), Hindku (n=142; 26.5 %), and Punjabi (n=118; 22.0 %) ethnic groups. The largest number of cysts was obtained from the liver (137/536; 25.6 %). This study showed that CE is likely present throughout Pakistan. In order to control the disease, a comprehensive control program and regional surveillance are needed.
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Mohammadi M, Mamishi S, Pourakbari B, Faraz Z, Khodabandeh M, Mahmoudi S. Cystic Echinococcosis in Children: High Frequency of Multiple Organs Involved in the North of Iran. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:125-129. [PMID: 32108011 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200228104316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Echinococcosis, as an important zoonotic infection, has a major worldwide distribution. Pediatric echinococcosis has still become health concerning issue in developing countries, particularly, in the Middle East and Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the human echinococcosis in children in northern Iran. METHODS Patients admitted to the pediatric subspecialty hospital of Amir Kala, Babol, Iran, from 2011 to 2016 with a confirmed diagnosis of echinococcosis, were reviewed. Records of the patients, including demographic data, clinical manifestations of the disease, type of cysts, and other related factors, were collected. RESULTS Sixteen pediatric patients, twelve (75%) male, and four (25%) female were evaluated. All cases had cystic echinococcosis. The results showed that fever (75%) following vomiting, nausea, and coughing (44%) were the most common clinical manifestations. The most common localizations of cases were determined as liver (n=10, 62.5%) and lung (n=9, 56%). The frequency of the involvement of more than one organ was 31% (5 cases). The co-occurrence of liver and lung was seen in 2 (12.5%) cases, and in one case, the co-occurrence of the liver and spleen was reported. In one case, lung, liver and, the pelvis was involved, while in another case, liver, sub diaphragm and kidney involvement were observed. CONCLUSION Cystic echinococcosis should be kept in mind when a cystic lesion is encountered anywhere in the body, particularly, in patients lining in the endemic regions. Since cystic echinococcosis has a considerable economic impact in Iran, the implementation of a control program and the surveillance system are highly recommended to reduce the economic burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Setareh Mamishi
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Pourakbari
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Faraz
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Khodabandeh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Mahmoudi
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Khedri J, Radfar MH, Nikbakht B, Zahedi R, Hosseini M, Azizzadeh M, Borji H. Parasitic causes of meat and organs in cattle at four slaughterhouses in Sistan-Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran between 2008 and 2016. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:1230-1236. [PMID: 33720551 PMCID: PMC8294360 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This 8‐year (from 2008 to 2016) retrospective study calculated the percentage of carcass and organ (lung and liver) condemnations and estimated the direct financial costs at four slaughterhouses in Sistan‐Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran. Each carcass and organ (lung and liver) was thoroughly examined through inspection, palpation and incision following the standard protocol. Identification of the parasites was performed macroscopically. The total direct economic loss due to meat's condemnation was estimated by adding weights of each organ or carcass part and multiplying individual organ totals by their 2016 market unit price. A total of 857,039 cattle were slaughtered during this period, 64,497 livers (7.5%), 31,401 lungs (3.6%) and the carcasses of 1,171 cattle (0.1%) were condemned due to lesions caused by parasites. The main parasitic lesions in the condemned livers were attributed to Echinococcus granulosus (4.2%), Fasciola spp. (3.1%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.1%). All the condemned lungs were due to E. granulosus (3.6%). Taenia saginata cysticerci were detected in 0.1% of inspected animals. Liver condemnation due to cystic echinococcosis was the highest in fall (4.7%, p < 0.001); while lung condemnation was the highest during spring (3.98%, p < 0.001). Liver condemnation due to Fasciola spp. was the lowest in winter (2.99%, p < 0.001). Carcass condemnation as a result of cysticercosis was the highest in summer (p < 0.001). Considering the 2016 market prices, condemnations due to the studied parasites caused direct costs estimated U.S. $ 3,191,879. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report estimating the monetary losses due to parasitic infections in the slaughterhouses of this province. Due to the high financial impact of the studied parasites, a control programme should be implemented to decrease this impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Khedri
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Radfar
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behzad Nikbakht
- Zahedan Veterinary Office, Sistan and Baluchestan Provincial Veterinary Service, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Zahedi
- Zahedan Veterinary Office, Sistan and Baluchestan Provincial Veterinary Service, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hosseini
- Zahedan Veterinary Office, Sistan and Baluchestan Provincial Veterinary Service, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizzadeh
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Mozafar M, Haghighatkhah H, Khoshnoud RJ, Zarrintan S, Rakhshani N, Parvas E, Mozafar M, Tubbs RS. Saccular mycotic aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta secondary to vertebral hydatid disease: A rare case. Vascular 2021; 30:21-26. [PMID: 33596789 DOI: 10.1177/1708538121994370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Hydatid disease of the aorta is very rare. Hydatid disease can result in saccular aneurysm of the thoracic and abdominal aorta. CASE REPORT We report a rare case of saccular aneurysm of the distal descending thoracic aorta. The diameter of the aneurysm was 60 mm. It was managed by Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair. After 41 months, computed tomography angiography revealed a multi-loculated cystic lesion with 86 × 83×80 mm dimensions in the prevertebral area at the T10-T11 level with bony destruction and erosion of the anterior margin of the vertebral bodies. A computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration of the paravertebral cystic lesion was performed. Microscopic study of the fine-needle aspiration specimen demonstrated Echinococcosis granulosus diagnostic of hydatid disease. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the case was a mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta secondary to vertebral hydatid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mozafar
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shohada-Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Haghighatkhah
- Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging Center, Department of General & Vascular Surgery, Shohada-Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jalili Khoshnoud
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shohada-Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Zarrintan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Rakhshani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Research Center, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Parvas
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shohada-Tajrish Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mozafar
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Structural & Cell Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada, West Indies
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Al-Awadhi M, Iqbal J, Ahmad S. An Update on the Epidemiological Features of Imported Schistosomiasis and Cystic Echinococcosis in Kuwait, 2010-2018. Med Princ Pract 2021; 30:138-145. [PMID: 33524982 PMCID: PMC8114046 DOI: 10.1159/000514873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kuwait is considered a non-endemic country for most parasitic infections. However, ∼70% of 4.7 million residents in Kuwait are expatriates from Asian and African countries, which are endemic for parasitic infections. Results of microbiological investigations for schistosomiasis and cystic echinococcosis (CE) performed in a reference national laboratory were retrospectively collected and analyzed to provide an insight on the epidemiology of these 2 neglected tropical diseases in Kuwait. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Schistosoma infection in fecal and urine specimens from suspected patients was detected by microscopy. Schistosoma and CE infections were also detected by indirect hemagglutination assays (IHAs) using blood specimens. Patients' epidemiological data were extracted from the laboratory records. RESULTS The overall prevalence rates of schistosomiasis and CE were 19.0 and 5.8%, respectively. Almost all schistosomiasis cases were seen among Egyptians, especially among males, and a significantly higher prevalence (p < 0.05) was seen for CE cases among the Syrian residents. A decreasing annual trend was observed for both the parasitic infections over time in Kuwait. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that schistosomiasis is not autochthonous in Kuwait, as all cases were detected among expatriates from Schistosoma-endemic countries. Our data also showed that CE remains endemic among humans and livestock in Kuwait as is also seen in other Middle Eastern countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Awadhi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Jamshaid Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Cystic echinococcosis in humans and animals in Egypt: An epidemiological overview. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2021; 1:100061. [PMID: 35284875 PMCID: PMC8906101 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato), is a serious neglected zoonotic disease in many parts of the world, including Egypt. Thus far, the actual incidence of CE in the Egyptian population remains unknown. Infection with E. granulosus (s.l.) is common among stray dogs in rural and suburban areas owing to the spread of parasite eggs. Herein, we present an updated review of published data on the incidence of CE in humans and animals as well as the genotypes prevalent in Egypt. CE occurs in most parts of Egypt; however, available data are mostly from northern Egypt, particularly Cairo and Giza. In southern Egypt, the disease is likely to be underdiagnosed or underreported. A few risk factors were studied. In the Egyptian population, residency in rural areas, farming, and age were significant factors for acquiring CE. In livestock, age, sex and season have been associated with high prevalence of CE. Several genotypes have been identified among livestock (G1, G4, G5, G6 and G7) and humans (G1, G6 and G7). This literature review underscores the need for a precise national surveillance system to track CE distribution in humans and animals and design appropriate preventive and control strategies for this disease. A review summarizing the epidemiological data for Echinococcus granulosus (s.l.) infections in Egypt. Egypt is an endemic area for cystic echinococcosis in the human population and livestock. Genotypes G1, G4, G5, G6 and G7 of E. granulosus (s.l.) were reported in Egypt. A national surveillance system to track cystic echinococcosis in Egypt is needed.
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Lee YW, Choi JW, Shin EH. Machine learning model for predicting malaria using clinical information. Comput Biol Med 2020; 129:104151. [PMID: 33290932 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid diagnosing is crucial for controlling malaria. Various studies have aimed at developing machine learning models to diagnose malaria using blood smear images; however, this approach has many limitations. This study developed a machine learning model for malaria diagnosis using patient information. METHODS To construct datasets, we extracted patient information from the PubMed abstracts from 1956 to 2019. We used two datasets: a solely parasitic disease dataset and total dataset by adding information about other diseases. We compared six machine learning models: support vector machine, random forest (RF), multilayered perceptron, AdaBoost, gradient boosting (GB), and CatBoost. In addition, a synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was employed to address the data imbalance problem. RESULTS Concerning the solely parasitic disease dataset, RF was found to be the best model regardless of using SMOTE. Concerning the total dataset, GB was found to be the best. However, after applying SMOTE, RF performed the best. Considering the imbalanced data, nationality was found to be the most important feature in malaria prediction. In case of the balanced data with SMOTE, the most important feature was symptom. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that machine learning techniques can be successfully applied to predict malaria using patient information.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Won Lee
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Shin
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea.
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Sazmand A, Alipoor G, Zafari S, Zolhavarieh SM, Alanazi AD, Sargison ND. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Relating to Parasitic Diseases and Anthelmintic Resistance Among Livestock Farmers in Hamedan, Iran. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:584323. [PMID: 33195608 PMCID: PMC7649137 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.584323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iranian studies have shown a high prevalence of broad spectrum anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal helminths of ruminants. However, there is a lack of information about levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices among livestock farmers in Iran regarding the concept of parasite control and AR. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of livestock farmers of Hamedan, Iran, regarding parasitic diseases and AR by interviewing 150 farmers using a structured questionnaire. Most of farmers had some knowledge of the clinical signs associated with helminth parasitism, but more than half were unaware of the existence of zoonotic parasites. More than half of the participants had never heard about AR, but were interested to learn about it through their veterinarians. Those who were aware of the problem considered non-prescribed anthelmintic drugs to play a role in its emergence, while several of the participants believed that “more expensive” and “foreign-branded” drugs worked best. Almost all of the farmers reported that they frequently consulted with a veterinarian about anthelmintic treatments, but very few adhered to recognized principles of responsible and sustainable drug use. About half of the participating farmers treated their sheepdogs for helminth parasites, despite the common practice of regularly feeding likely infected livestock offal. Education had a significantly positive association with farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and best practice scores, while knowledge was significantly associated with both attitudes and practices. Based on these results, we recommend that regular country-wide classes should be held to educate farmers on the evidence-based principles of sustainable helminth control and prevention of zoonotic helminth diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sazmand
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Golnaz Alipoor
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Salman Zafari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Zolhavarieh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.,Veterinary Council of Hamedan Province, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abdullah D Alanazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil D Sargison
- Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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Fan J, Wu H, Li K, Liu X, Tan Q, Cao W, Liang B, Ye B. Transcriptomic Features of Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolex during the Encystation Process. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:287-299. [PMID: 32615742 PMCID: PMC7338903 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus larvae. It seriously affects the development of animal husbandry and endangers human health. Due to a poor understanding of the cystic fluid formation pathway, there is currently a lack of innovative methods for the prevention and treatment of CE. In this study, the protoscoleces (PSCs) in the encystation process were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 32,401 transcripts and 14,903 cDNAs revealed numbers of new genes and transcripts, stage-specific genes, and differently expressed genes. Genes encoding proteins involved in signaling pathways, such as putative G-protein coupled receptor, tyrosine kinases, and serine/threonine protein kinase, were predominantly up-regulated during the encystation process. Antioxidant enzymes included cytochrome c oxidase, thioredoxin glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were a high expression level. Intriguingly, KEGG enrichment suggested that differentially up-regulated genes involved in the vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption metabolic pathway may play important roles in the transport of proteins, carbohydrates, and other substances. These results provide valuable information on the mechanism of cystic fluid production during the encystation process, and provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of growth and development of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Fan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongye Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xunuo Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qingqing Tan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenqiao Cao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Chongqing No.18 Middle School, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Tumor, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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