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Eltayib EM, Jirjees F, Suliman D, AlObaidi H, Ahmed M, Kharaba ZJ, Alfoteih Y, Barakat M, Khidhair Z, ALSalamat H, Mustafa N, Cherri S, El Khatib S, Hallit S, Malaeb D, Hosseini H. Stroke awareness and knowledge in Sudan: a cross-sectional analysis of public perceptions and understanding. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1362979. [PMID: 38774053 PMCID: PMC11107802 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1362979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, demands heightened awareness and knowledge for effective preventive strategies and tailored response. Sudan is classified as a low income country with a low rate of literacy, lack of knowledge, and awareness about diseases. Thus, this study aimed to assess stroke awareness and knowledge among Sudanese population, and identify the associated factors influencing awareness. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted between October and November 2022 through a self-administered online survey distributed via various social media platforms. The study involved adults aged 18 years and above through snow-ball sampling technique. The survey covered general awareness and knowledge concerning stroke risk factors, consequences, and the appropriate responses taken during acute stroke attacks. Results A total of 410 participants were enrolled in the study, majority (93.4%) were from urban area and had university degree (92.4%). Furthermore, 92.2% were aware about stroke and 74.9% were able to recognize the symptoms of stroke. Only 40.2% identified all correct answers, 96.3, 92.3, and 95.1% recognized at least one risk factor, early symptom, and consequences, respectively. Females were significantly more than males able to identify at least one risk factor. Almost all participants (99.5%) perceived stroke as a serious disease (99.5%). Notably, 86.3% would promptly transport a suspected stroke patient to the hospital. The multivariable analysis showed that females versus males and patients with depression versus without depression had significantly higher odds to identify at least one risk factor (OR of 14.716 [95% CI 1.901; 113.908] and 0.241 [95% CI 0.059; 0.984], respectively). Conclusion The study concluded that stroke knowledge and awareness among Sudanese population is suboptimal. Furthermore, early stroke recognition and intake of the appropriate management strategies are lacking which highlights the need for targeted education and awareness campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feras Jirjees
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Duaa Suliman
- Health Policy, Mohammed Bin Rashid School of Government, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hala AlObaidi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Munazza Ahmed
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zelal J. Kharaba
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yassen Alfoteih
- College of Dentistry and College of Humanities, City University College of Ajman, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muna Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Husam ALSalamat
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Nazik Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sarah Cherri
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami El Khatib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, West Mishref, Kuwait
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan Hosseini
- UPEC-University Paris-Est, Creteil, France
- RAMSAY SANTÉ, HPPE, Champigny-sur-Marne, France
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Rashidi MM, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Azadnajafabad S, Mohammadi E, Khalaji A, Malekpour MR, Keykhaei M, Rezaei N, Esfahani Z, Rezaei N, Mokdad AH, Murray CJL, Naghavi M, Larijani B, Farzadfar F. Mortality and disability-adjusted life years in North Africa and Middle East attributed to kidney dysfunction: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad279. [PMID: 38288035 PMCID: PMC10823484 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to estimate the attributable burden to kidney dysfunction as a metabolic risk factor in the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region and its 21 countries in 1990-2019. Methods The data used in this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2019 study, which provided estimated measures of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and other epidemiological indicators of burden. To provide a better insight into the differences in the level of social, cultural, and economic factors, the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was used. Results In the NAME region in 2019, the number of deaths attributed to kidney dysfunction was 296 632 (95% uncertainty interval: 249 965-343 962), which was about 2.5 times higher than in the year 1990. Afghanistan, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia had the highest, and Kuwait, Turkey, and Iran (Islamic Republic of) had the lowest age-standardized rate of DALYs attributed to kidney dysfunction in the region in 2019. Kidney dysfunction was accounted as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease with 150 471, 111 812, 34 068, and 281 attributable deaths, respectively, in 2019 in the region. In 2019, both low-SDI and high-SDI countries in the region experienced higher burdens associated with kidney dysfunction compared to other countries. Conclusions Kidney dysfunction increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases burden and accounted for more deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases than chronic kidney disease in the region in 2019. Hence, policymakers in the NAME region should prioritize kidney disease prevention and control, recognizing that neglecting its impact on other diseases is a key limitation in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Khalaji
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Keykhaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esfahani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher J L Murray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Peng S, Liu X, Cao W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang W, Zhang T, Guan X, Tang J, Zhang Q. Global, regional, and national time trends in mortality for stroke, 1990-2019: An age-period-cohort analysis for the global burden of disease 2019 study and implications for stroke prevention. Int J Cardiol 2023:S0167-5273(23)00652-6. [PMID: 37150213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the fact that stroke is the second leading cause of death globally, a comprehensive and comparable assessment of mortality, and epidemiologic trends has not been conducted for most regions.We estimated the global and regional burden of stroke from 1990 to 2019 using data from the 2019 Global Study of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors. METHODS For the period between 1990 and 2019, we used an age-period-cohort model to calculate the annual percentage changes in mortality (net drifts), local drifts, and period and cohort relative risks (period/cohort effects). Meanwhile, to quantify the temporal trends in stroke age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR), Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were determined by sex, area. With the potential to uncover disparities and treatment gaps in stroke care, this approach enables the examination and differentiation of age, period, and cohort effects in mortality trends. FINDINGS Global stroke deaths in 2019 were 6,552,725 (95% UI 5,995,200 to 7,015,139). Between 1990 and 2019, the ASMR declined globally by 36.43% (95% UI -41.65 to -31.2), with decreases in all SDI quintiles. The net drift in stroke mortality from 1990 to 2019 varied from -2.83% per year (95% confidence interval [CI]:-3.39 to -2.77) in countries with a high Socio-demographic Index (SDI) to -1.21% per year (95% CI: -1.26 to -1.16) in countries with a low SDI. During the past 30 years, favorable mortality reductions were generally found in high-SDI countries (net drift = -3.1% [95% CI: -3.4 to -2.8] per year) and high-middle SDI countries (-2.8% [-3.0 to -2.6]). However, 31 of 204 countries had either increasing trends (net drifts≥0.0%) or stagnated reductions (≥ - 0.5%) in mortality. The relative risk of mortality generally showed improving trends over time and in successively younger birth cohorts among high and high-middle SDI countries, with the exceptions of Kuwait, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Guam, RussianFederation, Lithuania, Turkey, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovin, and Bulgaria. INTERPRETATION Notwithstanding mortality from stroke has increased globally over the past 30 years, adverse period and cohort effects have been found in many countries, calling into question the adequacy of healthcare for stroke patients of all ages. These lapses have a significant impact on the likelihood of achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets on mortality from age 60+ and NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxian Peng
- Scientific Research Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzhai Cao
- Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Scientific Research Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Scientific Research Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Information Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Scientific Research Center,Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Scientific Research Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Scientific Research Department, First People's Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang X, Dai J, Li W, Yang Y. High-risk population and factors of stroke has changed among middle-aged and elderly Chinese-Evidence from 1989 to 2015. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1090298. [PMID: 36935676 PMCID: PMC10022731 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1090298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and disability. This study aimed to investigate the trend of stroke prevalence from 1989 to 2015 in China, explore the transition of high-risk population and high-risk factors, and provide some evidence to develop more targeted stroke intervention strategies. Material and methods We derived the baseline data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Participants responded to face-to-face interviews and examinations containing demographic information, behavioral health information, disease history, and physical examination. We applied chi-square test, shapley value decomposition model, and decision tree model to evaluate the changes of high-risk population and high-risk factors of stroke. Results Across 42,419 middle-aged and elderly residents, the prevalence of stroke was decreasing from 1989 to 2015. Hypertension was the leading risk factor of stroke, while its contribution rate was weakened with the increasing of medicine taking rate. As the second risk factor of stroke, the contribution of age decreased either. Meanwhile, the contribution rate of historical health factors, lifestyle factors, and regional factors, such as body mass index, diabetes, and living area to the impact of stroke was increasing. In addition, the first high-risk population of stroke changed from hypertension patients aged 75 years and above to without spouse residents living in stroke belt such as Beijing and Liaoning. The second risk population of stroke transformed from male hypertensive patients under 75 years old into male hypertensive patients living in urban. The third high-risk group turned from the elderly aged 75 and above into the female patients with hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the high-risk population and high-risk factors of stroke changed in China and revealed the direction and internal mechanism of transition of stroke. Targeted stroke intervention strategies should be renewed. Health education for the high-risk population of stroke should be carried out, healthy living habits need be advocated, and the use of antihypertensive drugs for the hypertensive patients should be standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Dai
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Party Committee, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Wei Li
| | - Yunjuan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
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