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Bali AG, Vasilevski V, Sweet L. Barriers and facilitators of access to maternity care for African-born women living in Australia: a meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence. Syst Rev 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 39123244 PMCID: PMC11312702 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse perinatal health outcomes are notably high among African-born women living in Australia. This problem is partly attributed to their lower engagement in maternity care services as compared to Australian-born women. Various barriers might limit African-born women's access to and use of services; however, these barriers are not well documented. Therefore, this review aimed to synthesise current qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators of access to maternity care for African-born women living in Australia. METHODS The search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and Maternity and Infant Care databases on 16 April 2023. All articles retrieved were meticulously screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers with any disagreements resolved through discussion. The quality of the included articles was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Studies were screened in Covidence and analysed in NVivo. The findings were organised and presented using Levesque's framework of healthcare access. RESULTS Out of 558 identified papers, 11 studies comprising a total of 472 participants met the eligibility criteria. The review highlighted provider-side barriers such as shortage of information, unmet cultural needs, long waiting times, low engagement of women in care, discrimination, and lack of continuity of care. User-side barriers identified include communication issues, difficulty navigating the health system, and lack of trustful relationships with healthcare providers. In contrast, the review pinpointed provider-side facilitators including positive staff attitudes, service availability, and the proximity of facilities to residential homes, while user-side facilitators such as cultural assimilation and feeling valued by healthcare providers were noted. CONCLUSIONS This review identified barriers and facilitators of access to maternity care for African-born women living in Australia. Empirical evidence that would inform potential changes to policy and practice to address African-born women's unique health needs was highlighted. Designing and implementing a culturally safe service delivery model could remove the identified access barriers and improve African-born women's engagement in maternity care. Moreover, reinforcing factors associated with positive healthcare experiences is essential for improving maternity care access for this priority population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023405458.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayele Geleto Bali
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Institute for Health Transformation, Western Health Partnership, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Vidanka Vasilevski
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Institute for Health Transformation, Western Health Partnership, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Linda Sweet
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Institute for Health Transformation, Western Health Partnership, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Kötting L, Anand-Kumar V, Keller FM, Henschel NT, Lippke S. Effective Communication Supported by an App for Pregnant Women: Quantitative Longitudinal Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e48218. [PMID: 38669073 PMCID: PMC11087862 DOI: 10.2196/48218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the medical field of obstetrics, communication plays a crucial role, and pregnant women, in particular, can benefit from interventions improving their self-reported communication behavior. Effective communication behavior can be understood as the correct transmission of information without misunderstanding, confusion, or losses. Although effective communication can be trained by patient education, there is limited research testing this systematically with an app-based digital intervention. Thus, little is known about the success of such a digital intervention in the form of a web-app, potential behavioral barriers for engagement, as well as the processes by which such a web-app might improve self-reported communication behavior. OBJECTIVE This study fills this research gap by applying a web-app aiming at improving pregnant women's communication behavior in clinical care. The goals of this study were to (1) uncover the potential risk factors for early dropout from the web-app and (2) investigate the social-cognitive factors that predict self-reported communication behavior after having used the web-app. METHODS In this study, 1187 pregnant women were recruited. They all started to use a theory-based web-app focusing on intention, planning, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy to improve communication behavior. Mechanisms of behavior change as a result of exposure to the web-app were explored using stepwise regression and path analysis. Moreover, determinants of dropout were tested using logistic regression. RESULTS We found that dropout was associated with younger age (P=.014). Mechanisms of behavior change were consistent with the predictions of the health action process approach. The stepwise regression analysis revealed that action planning was the best predictor for successful behavioral change over the course of the app-based digital intervention (β=.331; P<.001). The path analyses proved that self-efficacy beliefs affected the intention to communicate effectively, which in turn, elicited action planning and thereby improved communication behavior (β=.017; comparative fit index=0.994; Tucker-Lewis index=0.971; root mean square error of approximation=0.055). CONCLUSIONS Our findings can guide the development and improvement of apps addressing communication behavior in the following ways in obstetric care. First, such tools would enable action planning to improve communication behavior, as action planning is the key predictor of behavior change. Second, younger women need more attention to keep them from dropping out. However, future research should build upon the gained insights by conducting similar internet interventions in related fields of clinical care. The focus should be on processes of behavior change and strategies to minimize dropout rates, as well as replicating the findings with patient safety measures. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03855735; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03855735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kötting
- Psychology and Methods, School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Vinayak Anand-Kumar
- Psychology and Methods, School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Nils Tobias Henschel
- Psychology and Methods, School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sonia Lippke
- Psychology and Methods, School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
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Sultana R, Ozen-Dursun B, Femi-Ajao O, Husain N, Varese F, Taylor P. A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Barriers and Facilitators of Help-Seeking Behaviors in South Asian Women Living in High-Income Countries who Have Experienced Domestic Violence: Perception of Domestic Violence Survivors and Service Providers. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:3187-3204. [PMID: 36250293 PMCID: PMC10594840 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221126189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been little research on domestic violence (DV) within ethnic minority communities in high-income countries. This study reports on the findings of a meta-ethnography that examined the barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors in South Asian women living in high-income countries who have experienced DV to inform practice, understand the limits of the evidence, and identify research gaps. Qualitative studies were identified which were available in English by electronic databases. After an initial search, 2,465 articles were reviewed by title and abstract and 135 articles were reviewed for full text. Thirty-five papers were included for this review and were synthesized using meta-ethnography. Key findings included barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors: (1) Socio-cultural norms to prohibit help-seeking behaviors, (2) Fear of negative consequences, (3) Negative aspects of immigration status, (4) Insufficient support from statutory, and voluntary agencies, (5) Safety strategies and facilitators for surviving. Although this review investigated the perceptions of two different populations (survivors and service providers) both groups had similar views about the barriers and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors. It is crucial for the government and non-government organizations to understand the barriers for women who are DV survivors to seek help from their organizations and also from South Asian ethnicities. The awareness and understanding of these barriers and facilitators may help support the development of interventions to encourage effective help-seeking amongst South Asian women affected by DV. Suggestions for research, practice, and policies are discussed.
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Allen-Leap M, Hooker L, Wild K, Wilson IM, Pokharel B, Taft A. Seeking Help From Primary Health-Care Providers in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review of the Experiences of Migrant and Refugee Survivors of Domestic Violence. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:3715-3731. [PMID: 36514249 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221137664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Migrant and refugee women experiencing domestic violence (DV) may face compounding factors that impact their ability and experiences of seeking help. Health-care providers are in a unique position to identify and assist victims of DV, however, they often lack the confidence and training to do this well. Little is known of the health-care experiences of migrant and refugee women experiencing abuse when they access primary health care (PHC). Using scoping review methodology, we undertook a systematic search of seven databases (Medline, Scopus, ProQuest, CINAHL, Informit Complete, and Google Scholar). We sought peer-reviewed and grey literature, published in English between January 1980 and August 2021 that identified women (18+) who had experienced DV, from low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), seeking help or health care in a primary care setting of a high-income country (HIC). Nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Findings identify sociocultural and sociopolitical barriers for migrant and refugee women seeking help for DV, which are contextualized within the ecological model. Migration-related factors and fear were major barriers for migrant and refugee women, while kindness, empathy and trust in health-care providers, and children's well-being were the strongest motivators for help-seeking and disclosure. This review provides insight into an under-researched and marginalized group of victim-survivors and highlights the need for increased awareness, guidance, and continuing education for health-care providers and health-care systems to provide best practice DV care for migrant and refugee women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leesa Hooker
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University
- La Trobe Rural Health School Department of Rural Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University
| | - Kayli Wild
- Principal Research Fellow, Centre for Child Development and Education, Menzies School of Health Research
- Institute for Human Security & Social Change, La Trobe University
| | - Ingrid M Wilson
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology
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Soares MQ, Melo CMD, Pinto IV, Bevilacqua PD. [Mortality of women with reported violence during pregnancy in Brazil: a case-control study]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00012823. [PMID: 38018641 PMCID: PMC10642240 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt012823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the main causes of death of women with notification of interpersonal violence during pregnancy and to identify the factors associated with these deaths. This is a case-control study conducted based on relating data on violence to deaths that occurred in Brazil from 2011 to 2017. Data from the Braziliam Information System for Notificable Diseases and the Brazilian Mortality Information System were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 56.4% of the deaths were due to external causes, and 80.1% of which were due to femicide. The following risk factors associated with death were identified: age group from 30 to 39 years (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.01-6.59); firearm assault (OR = 14.21; 95%CI: 4.58-31.86); and by piercing-cutting objects (OR = 4.45; 95%CI: 1.01-22.73). Being married/in a stable union (OR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.24-0.93); having more than four years of schooling (OR = 0.21; 95%CI: 0.06-0.63); and living in municipalities with a population over 100,000 inhabitants (OR = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.10-0.52) were observed as protective factors. The study was important due to demonstrating the magnitude of femicide among women with notification of violence during pregnancy, as well as the weaknesses in producing information on the external causes of death in the pregnancy-puerperal period. The study also evinced the factors that make women vulnerable to death, reinforcing the urgent need for health professionals to screen for violence during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Quaresma Soares
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Magalhães de Melo
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
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Güler A, Lee RC, Rojas-Guyler L, Lambert J, Smith CR. The influences of sociocultural norms on women's decision to disclose intimate partner violence: Integrative review. Nurs Inq 2023; 30:e12589. [PMID: 37583248 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Sociocultural norms against women can contribute to promoting intimate partner violence (IPV) and shape women's decision to disclose IPV. A cross-cultural analysis of the existing literature is needed to present an overview of the influences of sociocultural norms on women's decisions regarding the disclosure of IPV across different cultural contexts. The purpose of the review was to synthesize published quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods (MMs) studies to identify known sociocultural norms across different cultures that may influence women's decision to disclose IPV. The Whittemore and Knafl framework, Rayyan software, and PRISMA flow diagram were used. Databases included APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed, SocINDEX, and Women's Studies International. The quality of studies was assessed by the MMs appraisal tool. A total of 15 research articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Main categories emerged: (1) stigma surrounding IPV disclosure, victimization, and divorce; (2) gender roles; (3) preserving family honor; and (4) Children's well-being and future. A one-size-fits-all approach is not adequate for women who are considering disclosing IPV. Findings underscore that regardless of residing in individualistic countries, those sociocultural norms related to traditional gender roles and gender inequality are still important barriers to the disclosure of IPV among women with collectivist roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Güler
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca C Lee
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Liliana Rojas-Guyler
- College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua Lambert
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carolyn R Smith
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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7
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Amel Barez M, Mirzaii Najmabadi K, Latifnejad Roudsari R, Mosavi Bazaz M, Babazadeh R. "Family and society empowerment": a content analysis of the needs of Iranian women who experience domestic violence during pregnancy: a qualitative study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:370. [PMID: 37438772 PMCID: PMC10339606 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic violence threatens maternal physical, psychological and emotional safety. Victim/survivor pregnant women required interventions based on their actual needs with the purpose of reducing domestic violence and its negative consequences. The present study aimed to explore the experiences of victimized Iranian pregnant women and identify their neglected needs. METHODS This qualitative descriptive study was performed from September 2019 to August 2021 in Mashhad, Iran. Semi-structured interviews with 14 women (8 pregnant and 6 after birth) who were the victims of domestic violence, and 11 key informants with various discipline specialties until the data saturation was achieved. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Qualitative data were analyzed based on the conventional content analysis adopted by Graneheim & Lundman. FINDINGS The main theme emerging from the data analysis was "family and society empowerment" that implied the necessity of family, health system, legal, social and inter sectoral empowerment to reduce domestic violence during pregnancy. "Family and society empowerment" was comprised of three categories such as "need to empower couples to reduce domestic violence during pregnancy", "demand for improved health care services", and "need to strengthen inter-sectoral, legal and social supports". CONCLUSION Victim/survivor pregnant women experienced individual, interpersonal and inter sectoral needs. Family and society empowerment constituted the actual needs of victimized pregnant women. Awareness of policymakers and health system managers of these needs could be the basis for designing a supportive care program according to victim/survivor women's actual needs. In addition to the educational and skill empowerment of couples, it is essential that supportive organizations cooperate with each other to provide integrated and coordinated services to victim/survivor pregnant women and strengthen and facilitate their access to supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malikeh Amel Barez
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Mojtaba Mosavi Bazaz
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Raheleh Babazadeh
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Pokharel B, Yelland J, Hooker L, Taft A. A Systematic Review of Culturally Competent Family Violence Responses to Women in Primary Care. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:928-945. [PMID: 34629009 PMCID: PMC10009494 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211046968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Existing culturally competent models of care and guidelines are directing the responses of healthcare providers to culturally diverse populations. However, there is a lack of research into how or if these models and guidelines can be translated into the primary care context of family violence. This systematic review aimed to synthesise published evidence to explore the components of culturally competent primary care response for women experiencing family violence. We define family violence as any form of abuse perpetrated against a woman either by her intimate partner or the partner's family member. We included English language peer-reviewed articles and grey literature items that explored interactions between culturally diverse women experiencing family violence and their primary care clinicians. We refer women of migrant and refugee backgrounds, Indigenous women and women of ethnic minorities collectively as culturally diverse women. We searched eight electronic databases and websites of Australia-based relevant organisations. Following a critical interpretive synthesis of 28 eligible peer-reviewed articles and 16 grey literature items, we generated 11 components of culturally competent family violence related primary care. In the discussion section, we interpreted our findings using an ecological framework to develop a model of care that provides insights into how components at the primary care practice level should coordinate with components at the primary care provider level to enable efficient support to these women experiencing family violence. The review findings are applicable beyond the family violence primary care context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya Pokharel
- Judith Lumley
Centre, School of Nursing and
Midwifery, La Trobe
University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Bijaya Pokharel, Judith Lumley Centre,
School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Plenty Rd &, Kingsbury
Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086, Australia.
,
| | - Jane Yelland
- Murdoch Children’s Research
Institute, Parkville, VIC,
Australia
| | - Leesa Hooker
- Judith Lumley
Centre, School of Nursing and
Midwifery, La Trobe
University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Taft
- Judith Lumley
Centre, School of Nursing and
Midwifery, La Trobe
University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Andreasen K, Zapata-Calvente AL, Martín-de-Las-Heras S, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Schei B, Dokkedahl S, de León de León S, Fernandez Lopez R, Oviedo-Gutiérrez A, Ankerstjerne LBS, Megías JL, Khan KS, Rasch V, Linde DS. Video Consultations and Safety App Targeting Pregnant Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence in Denmark and Spain: Nested Cohort Intervention Study (STOP Study). JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e38563. [PMID: 36939835 PMCID: PMC10132014 DOI: 10.2196/38563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is a public health issue with wide-ranging consequences for both the mother and fetus, and interventions are needed. Therefore, the Stop Intimate Partner Violence in Pregnancy (STOP) cohort was established with the overall aim to identify pregnant women exposed to IPV through digital screening and offer women screening positive for IPV a digital supportive intervention. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to (1) introduce the design and profile of the STOP cohort study, (2) assess the feasibility of implementing digital IPV screening among pregnant women, and (3) assess the feasibility of implementing a digital supportive intervention targeting pregnant women exposed to IPV. METHODS Pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Region of Southern Denmark and in Andalucía, Spain were offered digital screening for IPV using validated scales (Abuse Assessment Screen and Women Abuse Screening Tool). Women who screened positive were eligible to receive a digital supportive intervention. The intervention consisted of 3-6 video consultations with an IPV counselor and a safety planning app. In Denmark, IPV counselors were antenatal care midwives trained by a psychologist specialized in IPV, whereas in Spain, the counselor was a psychologist. RESULTS Data collection started in February 2021 and was completed in October 2022. Across Denmark and Spain, a total of 19,442 pregnant women were invited for IPV screening and 16,068 women (82.65%) completed the screening. More women in Spain screened positive for exposure to IPV (350/2055, 17.03%) than in Denmark (1195/14,013, 8.53%). Among the women who screened positive, only 31.39% (485/1545) were eligible to receive the intervention with only 104 (21.4%) of these women ultimately receiving it. CONCLUSIONS Digital screening for IPV among pregnant women is feasible in an antenatal care context in Denmark and Spain; however, a digital supportive intervention during pregnancy appears to have limited feasibility as only a minor subgroup of women who screened positive for eligibility received the intervention. More research is needed on how to best support pregnant women exposed to IPV if universal IPV screening is to be implemented in antenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Andreasen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network-Spain, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Berit Schei
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sct. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarah Dokkedahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Lea Bo Sønderlund Ankerstjerne
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesús L Megías
- Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Khalid Saeed Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network-Spain, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte S Linde
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Branjerdporn G, Clonan T, Boddy J, Gillespie K, O’Malley R, Baird K. Australian women's perspectives of routine enquiry into domestic violence before and after birth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:44. [PMID: 36658549 PMCID: PMC9854157 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripartum women are vulnerable to experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). Interactions with health practitioners during maternity care provide a unique opportunity to detect and respond to women who are experiencing IPV. The aim of this study was to explore women's experiences of IPV screening at an Australian maternity service. METHODS Qualitative methodology was used in this cross-sectional study. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with women with IPV who attended an Australian maternity service. Thematic analysis was used to identify codes and themes. RESULTS The nine women expressed three major themes, and six sub-themes, surrounding clinician approaches (communication and support, asking about IPV, and following disclosure), system considerations (fear of child safety involvement, continuity of care, and environmental considerations), and education. All participants supported screening and highlighted beneficial or detrimental approaches to screening and care, and recommendations for improvement. CONCLUSION This research points to the benefit of trauma-informed frameworks in hospitals to support women experiencing IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Branjerdporn
- grid.413154.60000 0004 0625 9072Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, 1 Hospital Blvd, Southport, QLD 4215 Australia
| | - Tanya Clonan
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Jennifer Boddy
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Kerri Gillespie
- grid.413154.60000 0004 0625 9072Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, 1 Hospital Blvd, Southport, QLD 4215 Australia
| | | | - Kathleen Baird
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Mehrara L, Olaug Gjernes TK, Young S. Immigrant women’s experiences with Norwegian maternal health services: implications for policy and practice. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2066256. [PMID: 35435143 PMCID: PMC9048944 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2066256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Mehrara
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | | | - Susan Young
- Social Work and Social Policy, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Amel Barez M, Mirzaii Najmabadi K, Latifnejad Roudsari R, Mousavi Bazaz M, Babazadeh R. ‘It is a hard decision’: a qualitative study of perinatal intimate partner violence disclosure. Reprod Health 2022; 19:208. [PMID: 36376884 PMCID: PMC9664727 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perinatal intimate partner violence is a hidden under reported and difficult to identify problem which has negative effects on mother and child. The present study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators of perinatal intimate partner violence disclosure.
Methods This qualitative study was carried out from October 2019 to January 2021 in Mashhad, Iran. Participants included 23 abused women (11 pregnant and 12 after birth) which were selected via purposive sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussion were conducted until the data saturation was achieved. The data analysis was performed based on conventional content analysis adopted by Graneheim & Lundman. Results The main themes “barriers to disclosure” and “facilitators of disclosure” were emerged as the result of data analysis. Barriers to disclosure included negative disclosure consequences and protection of family privacy. Facilitators of disclosure included maternal self-efficacy, threats to security, and formal and informal supportive networks. Conclusions Most abused women did not disclose violence despite routine screening for perinatal intimate partner violence in antenatal care. Recognizing the barriers to and facilitators of violence disclosure play an important role in eliminating barriers, strengthening facilitators, providing effective supportive services for abused women, and reducing perinatal violence. Focus on the barriers to and the facilitators of disclosure will be useful to policymakers, health program planners, and health care providers to identify and manage intimate partner violence, appropriately. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12978-022-01514-7. Disclosure of perinatal intimate partner violence is a difficult decision. Several barriers prevent abused pregnant women from disclosing violence. The present study explained barriers and facilitators of perinatal intimate partner violence disclosure. 23 women (11 pregnant and 12 after birth) who experienced perinatal intimate partner violence were interviewed in Mashhad, Iran. The results showed the barriers to disclosure include negative disclosure consequences and protection of family privacy and the facilitators of disclosure include maternal self-efficacy, threats to security, and formal and informal supportive networks. In conclusion eliminating barriers and strengthen facilitators play an important role in providing effective supportive services for abused women and reducing perinatal violence. The result will be useful to policymakers, health program planners, and health care providers for appropriate management of perinatal intimate partner violence.
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Mirlashari J, A. Brotto L, Lyons J, Pederson A. The Experiences of Women and Healthcare Providers in Assessing the History of Gender-Based Violence During Perinatal Care. Violence Against Women 2022; 28:3291-3310. [PMID: 35765236 PMCID: PMC9530537 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221077125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite its prevalence and consequences, perinatal healthcare providers' identification of gender-based violence (GBV) remains controversial in British Columbia. This study investigated women and healthcare providers' perspectives regarding their experiences with and views of inquiring about GBV during perinatal care. Twelve in-depth interviews were conducted with women with a history of GBV and 16 perinatal healthcare providers. Data were analyzed thematically. Three themes, including "barriers to disclosure," "healthcare providers hesitate to open Pandora's Box," and "how to ask in a culturally safe way," emerged from the data. Study participants support inquiry about GBV during perinatal healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jila Mirlashari
- Women's Health Research Institute, Department of OBGYN, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lori A. Brotto
- Women's Health Research Institute, Department of OBGYN, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Janet Lyons
- Division of General Gynecology & Obstetrics, BC Women's
Hospital, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ann Pederson
- School of Population and Public Health, BC Centre of Excellence for
Women's Health, Vancouver, Canada
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Ngotie TK, Kaura DKM, Mash R. Exploring experiences with sensitivity to cultural practices among birth attendants in Kenya: A phenomenological study. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2022; 14:e1-e14. [PMID: 36073123 PMCID: PMC9453142 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aim Setting Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Teckla K Ngotie
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Department of Community and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi.
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Melby TC, Sørensen NB, Henriksen L, Lukasse M, Flaathen EME. Antenatal depression and the association of intimate partner violence among a culturally diverse population in southeastern Norway: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Midwifery 2022; 6:44. [PMID: 35935753 PMCID: PMC9289962 DOI: 10.18332/ejm/150009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antenatal depression and intimate partner violence (IPV) are independently associated with adverse short- and long-term health effects for women and their children. The main aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of antenatal depression and the association between symptoms of antenatal depression and physical, emotional and sexual abuse in a culturally diverse population attending antenatal care. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1812 culturally diverse pregnant women from Safe Pregnancy, a randomized controlled trial to test the effect of an intimate partner violence intervention for abused women in southeastern Norway. RESULTS More than one in ten women (14%) reported symptoms of antenatal depression. Women with symptoms of antenatal depression were significantly younger and single, had lower educational level, more limited economic resources and were more likely to use tobacco and to report negative experiences regarding alcohol consumption, including that of her partner, compared to women with no symptoms of depression. A total of 15.4% of the women reported experiences of some form of IPV during their lifetime. Most women reported previous experiences of IPV rather than recent experiences. Women with a history of IPV were significantly more likely to report symptoms of antenatal depression, after adjusting for confounding factors (AOR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.35–2.83). CONCLUSIONS Women who reported symptoms of antenatal depression were significantly more likely to have experienced physical, emotional and sexual IPV than women with no history of IPV. It is important to identify women at risk of antenatal depression in order to offer appropriate services during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Cathrine Melby
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Benedicte Sørensen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Division of General Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Eva Marie E Flaathen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Oboro OF, Ebulue V, Oboro VO, Ohenhen V, Oyewole A, Akindele R, Ala O, Oyeniran O, Isawumi A, Afolabi B. The magnitude and determinants of depressive symptoms amongst women in early pregnancy in Southern Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. S Afr J Psychiatr 2022; 28:1691. [PMID: 35747343 PMCID: PMC9210182 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antenatal depression (AD) is prevalent and associated with adverse pregnancy, maternal and child outcomes, yet no study has addressed its magnitude and predictors in early pregnancy in Nigeria. Aim To determine the prevalence and factors associated with AD in first half of pregnancy. Setting Multicentric health facilities in Southern Nigeria. Methods A multicentric health-facilities-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2018. Using pretested structure interviewer-administered questionnaires, antenatal depressive symptoms were assessed amongst 511 pregnant mothers with the Edinburg Postnatal Depressive Scale tool. Socio-demographic, socio-economic, clinical, family and social factors were also measured. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to describe and identify factors associated with AD. Results The prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms in early pregnancy in this study was 29.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 26.6–32.9). Factors independently associated with AD were intimate partner violence (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 8.10, 95% CI 5.00–13.14), marital dissatisfaction (AOR 5.48, 95% CI 3.48–8.38), poor social support (AOR 4.70; 95% CI 2.99–7.38), past history of depression (AOR 4.67; 95% CI 2.47–8.80), previous pregnancy complication (AOR 2.50, 95% CI 1.57–3.89), low socio-economic status (AOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.61–3.66) and unplanned pregnancy (AOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.47–3.64). Conclusions The prevalence of antenatal depression is high with modifiable risk factors requiring context-specific policies such as provision of family, social and economic support for mothers at the earliest possible contact in the antenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolola F. Oboro
- Perinatal Mental Health Unit, OMVIAL Medical Group, Benin-City, Nigeria
| | - Vincent Ebulue
- Perinatal Mental Health Unit, OMVIAL Medical Group, Benin-City, Nigeria
| | - Victor O. Oboro
- Perinatal Mental Health Unit, OMVIAL Medical Group, Benin-City, Nigeria
| | - Victor Ohenhen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Central Hospital Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria
| | - Adeoye Oyewole
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Rasaq Akindele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Ala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Olaolu Oyeniran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Adegboye Isawumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Afolabi
- Department of General Practice, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Espejord S, Auberg SH, Kvitno TK, Lukasse M. Experiences of Norwegian community midwives with caring for vulnerable pregnant women - A national cross-sectional study. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2021; 31:100693. [PMID: 34974312 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to describe Norwegian community midwives' care for vulnerable pregnant women. It assessed vulnerability factors midwives identified and the type of care they provided. Factors associated with use of identification tools and care of vulnerable pregnant women were investigated. METHOD A quantitative, cross-sectional study. Data collected via an anonymous online survey conducted spring 2020. Of approximately 700 eligible community midwives in Norway, 257 (36.7%) participated. RESULTS Community midwives who worked primarily in the community, in close to full-time positions (>80%) and who were responsible for >100 women a year in large community clinics were more likely to identify vulnerable pregnant women than midwives who worked in combined hospital and community posts, less than 80% in the community and at smaller community centres. Attended a training progam called 'Early Start' (Tidlig Inn) was associated with an increased use of standardized identification tools. Almost all community midwives reported providing vulnerable women with more frequent consultations, individual and culturally personalized care, and relevant information about support options. CONCLUSION Community midwives appeared to be aware of their role as a midwife in the care of vulnerable pregnant women. They reported encountering vulnerable pregnant, identifying them by actively using methods to do so and addressing their needs in various ways. This study suggests that specific training increases midwives' ability to identify vulnerable pregnant women. Further research is needed to assess how midwives experience interdisciplinary collaboration in caring for these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Espejord
- Centre of Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Norway; Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital in North of Norway (UNN), Harstad, Norway.
| | - Sonja H Auberg
- Centre of Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Norway; Department of Obstetrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger (SUS), Norway
| | - Trine K Kvitno
- Centre of Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Norway; Department of Obstetrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger (SUS), Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Centre of Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Norway
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Flaathen EME, Lukasse M, Cvancarova Småstuen M, Garnweidner-Holme L, Henriksen L. Intimate partner violence and the association of pregnancy intendedness - A cross-sectional study in southeastern Norway. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2021; 29:100651. [PMID: 34364196 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unintended pregnancy in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health issue. It is associated with increased health risks for women and their children. Our objective was to investigate the association between unintended pregnancy and emotional, physical and sexual IPV in a multi-cultural population attending routine antenatal care. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional study of 1788 pregnant women who filled out a questionnaire during pregnancy as part of a randomized controlled trial conducted in southeastern Norway. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pregnancy intendedness was measured by asking women if their pregnancy was planned or not. The Abuse Assessment Screen and the Composite Abuse Scale R-SF, consisting of descriptive questions, were used to measure IPV. Chi-square tests, a Mann-Whitney U test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used. RESULTS Almost one in five women (17.4%) reported that their current pregnancy was unintended. Women with unintended pregnancy were significantly younger, had lower educational backgrounds, more limited economic resources and were more likely to be non-native Norwegian speakers. A total of 15.3% of the women reported some experience of IPV in their lifetime. These women were significantly more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than women who had not experienced IPV, after adjusting for confounding factors: AOR = 1.74 (95% CI [1.23-2.47]). CONCLUSIONS Women who had experienced IPV were significantly more likely to have an unintended pregnancy than women who had not experienced IPV. It is of major importance to identify those women and offer appropriate services during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Marie Engebakken Flaathen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway; Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, PO Box 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway.
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lisa Garnweidner-Holme
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway; Division of General Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, P.O Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.
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Walter B, Indreboe H, Lukasse M, Henriksen L, Garnweidner-Holme L. Pregnant Women's Attitudes Toward and Experiences With a Tablet Intervention to Promote Safety Behaviors in a Randomized Controlled Trial: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e28680. [PMID: 34283023 PMCID: PMC8335599 DOI: 10.2196/28680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as a global health problem. Women with low education and limited resources are more vulnerable, as are immigrant women. There is a lack of evidence on how health care professionals should communicate about and intervene against IPV during pregnancy. Earlier research has shown that when women manage digital questionnaires, they are more likely to disclose IPV. However, little is known about how women experience eHealth interventions with safety behaviors to prevent IPV. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore pregnant women's attitudes toward and experiences with a tablet intervention to promote safety behaviors in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in antenatal care. METHODS Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 women who participated in the Safe Pregnancy Study. The Safe Pregnancy Study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) using a tablet intervention containing IPV questions and a film to promote safety behaviors. Six women from the intervention group and four women from the control group were recruited. The content was available in Norwegian, Somali, and Urdu. Five of the women participating in the interviews spoke Norwegian at home and five spoke another language. The majority of the women who did not speak Norwegian at home perceived themselves as relatively well integrated. The interviews were conducted at different maternal and child health centers (MCHCs) in Norway between March 2020 and June 2020. The analysis was guided by thematic analysis. RESULTS Women who participated in the tablet intervention appreciated being asked questions about IPV on a tablet. However, it was important to supplement the tablet intervention with face-to-face communication with a midwife. The MCHC was regarded as a suitable place to answer questions and watch a film about safety behaviors. Women suggested making the tablet intervention available in other settings where women meet health care professionals. Some women expressed uncertainty about their anonymity regarding their answers in the questionnaire. We found no real differences between ethnic Norwegian and immigrant women's attitudes toward and experiences with the tablet intervention. CONCLUSIONS Questions about IPV and a film about safety behaviors on a tablet, as a supplement to face-to-face communication, might initiate and facilitate communication about IPV in antenatal care. Uncertainty regarding anonymity has to be addressed when questions about IPV are being asked on a tablet. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03397277; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Walter
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege Indreboe
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Vestfold, Norway
| | - Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Vietnam: role of husbands. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:271-279. [PMID: 32728774 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators are often husbands. Understanding factors pertaining to women's male partners is essential for programming interventions against IPV. The objective of the study was to describe husband-related social and behavioural risk factors and assess how they are associated with IPV during pregnancy. Cross-sectional data were collected among 1309 pregnant women with husbands in Dong Anh district, Vietnam. Information on sociodemographic characteristics of husbands, the husband's behaviour and the husband's involvement in pregnancy care was indirectly collected via women's report at first antenatal care visit. Data on exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy were collected when the women returned for antenatal care in 30-34 gestational weeks. Logistic regression analyses were used to measure the relationships between IPV during pregnancy and risk factors from the husband. Pregnant women who had husbands who were younger or blue-collar worker/farmer/unemployed had more likelihood to be exposed to IPV. Women with husbands who drank alcohol before sexual intercourse and gambled were more likely to be exposed to IPV repeated times. Those with husbands who had intentions of having a child had over three times increased OR to be exposed to IPV once (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.1-9.7). If the husband had a preference for sons, the woman had 1.5 times increased OR (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-1.9) to be exposed to IPV repeated times during pregnancy. This study highlights significant associations between IPV and maternal perceptions of husbands' behaviours and involvement in pregnancy. Findings may help to identify at-risk pregnant women to IPV and guide the development of targeted interventions to prevent IPV from husbands.
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Fenne Fredriksen M, Nevland L, Dahl B, Sommerseth E. Norwegian midwives' experiences with screening for violence in antenatal care - A qualitative study. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2021; 28:100609. [PMID: 33773144 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to gain a better insight into and understanding of Norwegian midwives' experiences of screening for violence during antenatal care. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study of semi-structured interviews including midwives working in ten Norwegian municipalities. The interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation. RESULTS Four main themes can be drawn from the analysis. First, midwives found it difficult to raise the subject of violence, especially in the early phases of the screening programme. Second, the midwives were often provided with information about past experiences of violence, but little on ongoing violence. Third, according to the midwives, building trust was key to initiating direct questions about violence. Finally, more experience and collaboration reduced the barriers for raising the subject of violence. CONCLUSION Findings from this study suggest that screening for violence entails more than just asking a question. Furthermore, ongoing violence is difficult to identify, and women are more likely to relate stories of past violence. To overcome this issue, the midwives underlined the necessity to ask questions and have the capacity to listen to the potentially challenging answers. Findings from this study show that the training received by the midwives in relation to violence varied considerably. Hence, the study demonstrates the need for reinforced and standardised training in how to address violence in antenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Fenne Fredriksen
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, PO Box 235, N-3603 Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Line Nevland
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, PO Box 235, N-3603 Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Bente Dahl
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, PO Box 235, N-3603 Kongsberg, Norway.
| | - Eva Sommerseth
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, PO Box 235, N-3603 Kongsberg, Norway.
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Teshome A, Gudu W, Bekele D, Asfaw M, Enyew R, Compton SD. Intimate partner violence among prenatal care attendees amidst the COVID-19 crisis: The incidence in Ethiopia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 153:45-50. [PMID: 33368273 PMCID: PMC9087760 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the incidence and predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted at the prenatal care clinic of St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, among pregnant women from 31 August to 2 November 2020. Participants were interviewed using Open Data Kit. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors. Results Among the 464 pregnant women, 33 (7.1%) reported IPV during pregnancy, and among these 24 (72.7%) reported emotional violence, 16 (48.5%) reported sexual violence, and 10 (30.3%) reported physical violence. Among the study participants, only 8 (1.7%) were screened for IPV. IPV was reported 3.27 times more often by women who reported that their partner chewed Khat compared with those women whose partner did not (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45–7.38), and 1.52 times more often women who reported that their partner drank alcohol compared with those women whose partner did not (aOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.01–2.28). Conclusion Very few women were screened for IPV. Partners drinking alcohol and chewing Khat are significantly positively associated with IPV during pregnancy. IPV screening should be included in the national management protocol of obstetric cases of Ethiopia. Very few women were screened for intimate partner violence during pregnancy, a finding that has implications for policy moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Teshome
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondimu Gudu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Delayehu Bekele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mariamawit Asfaw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ruhama Enyew
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sarah D Compton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Flaathen EME, Lukasse M, Garnweidner-Holme L, Angelshaug J, Henriksen L. User-Involvement in the Development of a Culturally Sensitive Intervention in the Safe Pregnancy Study to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence. Violence Against Women 2020; 27:2235-2354. [PMID: 32985376 PMCID: PMC8404717 DOI: 10.1177/1077801220954274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy has negative health impacts on the woman and the fetus. There is a lack of evidence supporting effective interventions to prevent IPV during pregnancy. This user-involvement study was conducted to get feedback on a culturally sensitive, tablet intervention containing questions about violence and safety-behaviors and a video promoting safety behaviors. This resulted in important feedback on the intervention content. Our findings show that women are in favor of disclosing IPV via a tablet. They suggested ways to address barriers for disclosure, such as safeguarding anonymity and creating a trustful relationship with the midwife.
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Garnweidner-Holme L, Henriksen L, Flaathen EM, Klette Bøhler T, Lukasse M. Midwives' Attitudes Toward and Experience With a Tablet Intervention to Promote Safety Behaviors for Pregnant Women Reporting Intimate Partner Violence: Qualitative Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020. [PMID: 32432553 DOI: 10.2196/168288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence against women is considered a global health problem, and intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of childbirth can have severe consequences for mother and child. Prenatal care is considered a window of opportunity to address IPV and ask women about exposure to violence since women are in regular contact with health care providers. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions might overcome the barriers to talking about IPV face-to-face. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore midwives' attitudes toward a tablet intervention consisting of information about IPV and safety behaviors as well as their experiences with recruiting pregnant women of different ethnic backgrounds in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). METHODS Individual interviews were conducted with 9 midwives who recruited participants for an RCT to test a video to promote safety behaviors delivered on a tablet during prenatal care. Analysis was guided by thematic analysis. RESULTS Midwives perceived the tablet intervention as an appropriate supplement during prenatal care to provide information about IPV and promote safety behaviors. They participated in the RCT primarily to obtain more knowledge regarding how to communicate about IPV. The intervention was perceived as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV and a good solution to ensure that every woman gets the same information. However, the content of the intervention had to be trustworthy and align with the information the midwives provide to women. Given the sensitivity of IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. Midwives reported technical problems and a high demand on their time as the main challenges to recruiting women. They experienced challenges recruiting women of different ethnic backgrounds due to linguistic barriers and the women's skepticism about scientific research. CONCLUSIONS The tablet intervention might help midwives communicate about IPV. Although the video was considered as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. The scarcity of midwives' time during consultations has to be considered when implementing the intervention. Further research is needed to overcome barriers that limit inclusion of women from different ethnic backgrounds. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03397277; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Garnweidner-Holme
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Marie Flaathen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone Klette Bøhler
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Campus Vestfold, Borre, Norway
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Garnweidner-Holme L, Henriksen L, Flaathen EM, Klette Bøhler T, Lukasse M. Midwives' Attitudes Toward and Experience With a Tablet Intervention to Promote Safety Behaviors for Pregnant Women Reporting Intimate Partner Violence: Qualitative Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e16828. [PMID: 32432553 PMCID: PMC7270855 DOI: 10.2196/16828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Violence against women is considered a global health problem, and intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of childbirth can have severe consequences for mother and child. Prenatal care is considered a window of opportunity to address IPV and ask women about exposure to violence since women are in regular contact with health care providers. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions might overcome the barriers to talking about IPV face-to-face. Objective Our objective was to explore midwives’ attitudes toward a tablet intervention consisting of information about IPV and safety behaviors as well as their experiences with recruiting pregnant women of different ethnic backgrounds in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods Individual interviews were conducted with 9 midwives who recruited participants for an RCT to test a video to promote safety behaviors delivered on a tablet during prenatal care. Analysis was guided by thematic analysis. Results Midwives perceived the tablet intervention as an appropriate supplement during prenatal care to provide information about IPV and promote safety behaviors. They participated in the RCT primarily to obtain more knowledge regarding how to communicate about IPV. The intervention was perceived as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV and a good solution to ensure that every woman gets the same information. However, the content of the intervention had to be trustworthy and align with the information the midwives provide to women. Given the sensitivity of IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. Midwives reported technical problems and a high demand on their time as the main challenges to recruiting women. They experienced challenges recruiting women of different ethnic backgrounds due to linguistic barriers and the women’s skepticism about scientific research. Conclusions The tablet intervention might help midwives communicate about IPV. Although the video was considered as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. The scarcity of midwives’ time during consultations has to be considered when implementing the intervention. Further research is needed to overcome barriers that limit inclusion of women from different ethnic backgrounds. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03397277; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397277
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Garnweidner-Holme
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Marie Flaathen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone Klette Bøhler
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Campus Vestfold, Borre, Norway
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'We don't see because we don't ask': Qualitative exploration of service users' and health professionals' views regarding a psychosocial intervention targeting pregnant women experiencing domestic and family violence. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230069. [PMID: 32150568 PMCID: PMC7062263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Given the relative recency of Domestic and Family Violence (DFV) management as a field of endeavour, it is not surprising that interventions for addressing DFV is still in its infancy in developing countries. In order to maximise the success of an intervention, it is important to know which aspects of the intervention are considered important and helpful by service providers and service users. This study, therefore, examined the acceptability of an antenatal-based psychosocial intervention targeting DFV in Nepal and explored suggestions for improving the program in future. Materials and methods Intervention participants and health care providers (HCPs) were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data were audio-recorded and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Final codes and themes were identified using an iterative review process among the research team. Results Themes emerging from the data were grouped into domains including perceptions towards DFV, impact of the intervention on women’s lives and recommendations for improving the program. DFV was recognised as a significant problem requiring urgent attention for its prevention and control. Intervention participants expressed that they felt safe to share their feelings during the counselling session and got opportunity to learn new skills to cope with DFV. The majority of the participants recommended multiple counselling sessions and a continued provision of the service ensuring the intervention’s accessibility by a large number of women. Discussion This is the first study to document the perspectives of women and HCPs regarding an antenatal-based intervention targeting psychosocial consequences of DFV in Nepal. There was a clear consensus around the need to engage, support and empower victims of DFV and the intervention was well received by the participants. Ensuring good mental health and wellbeing among victims of DFV requires work across individual, organisational and community levels.
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Fair F, Raben L, Watson H, Vivilaki V, van den Muijsenbergh M, Soltani H. Migrant women's experiences of pregnancy, childbirth and maternity care in European countries: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228378. [PMID: 32045416 PMCID: PMC7012401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Across Europe there are increasing numbers of migrant women who are of childbearing age. Migrant women are at risk of poorer pregnancy outcomes. Models of maternity care need to be designed to meet the needs of all women in society to ensure equitable access to services and to address health inequalities. OBJECTIVE To provide up-to-date systematic evidence on migrant women's experiences of pregnancy, childbirth and maternity care in their destination European country. SEARCH STRATEGY CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 2007 and 2017. SELECTION CRITERIA Qualitative and mixed-methods studies with a relevant qualitative component were considered for inclusion if they explored any aspect of migrant women's experiences of maternity care in Europe. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Qualitative data were extracted and analysed using thematic synthesis. RESULTS The search identified 7472 articles, of which 51 were eligible and included. Studies were conducted in 14 European countries and focused on women described as migrants, refugees or asylum seekers. Four overarching themes emerged: 'Finding the way-the experience of navigating the system in a new place', 'We don't understand each other', 'The way you treat me matters', and 'My needs go beyond being pregnant'. CONCLUSIONS Migrant women need culturally-competent healthcare providers who provide equitable, high quality and trauma-informed maternity care, undergirded by interdisciplinary and cross-agency team-working and continuity of care. New models of maternity care are needed which go beyond clinical care and address migrant women's unique socioeconomic and psychosocial needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankie Fair
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Liselotte Raben
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Helen Watson
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Vivilaki
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria van den Muijsenbergh
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Pharos, Centre of Expertise on Health Disparities, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hora Soltani
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Cheng TC, Lo CC. Telling Medical Professionals About Victimization by Intimate Partner: Analysis of Women Surviving Intimate Partner Violence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES 2019; 50:129-136. [PMID: 31865858 DOI: 10.1177/0020731419896695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated factors in women’s disclosure of intimate partner violence (IPV) to medical professionals. Its sample of 3,226 women surviving IPV was extracted from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey public-use dataset, dated 2010. The dichotomous outcome variable was told medical professional about IPV. Explanatory variables were physical violence experienced in the past year, need for medical services for IPV, injury, fear, poor physical health, number of health problems, poor mental health, African American, Latina, other ethnic minority, education, family income, inability to afford seeing doctor, age, and being married. Logistic regression results showed likelihood of IPV disclosure increased with 31 or more physical IPV episodes in preceding year, needed medical services for IPV, IPV-related injury, 2 or more health problems, fear of partner, poor mental health, inability to afford seeing doctor, and age 55 and over. Disclosure likelihood was decreased by other ethnic minority and absence of high school graduation. Our findings support standardized protocols identifying recent IPV, IPV injury, and multiple health problems, along with corresponding response training for medical professionals. Our findings also support making victim advocates and behavioral health specialists available in medical facilities to address patients’ fears and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone C Cheng
- Department of Social Work and Human Services, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia, USA
| | - Celia C Lo
- Department of Sociology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
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Henriksen L, Flaathen EM, Angelshaug J, Garnweidner-Holme L, Småstuen MC, Noll J, Taft A, Schei B, Lukasse M. The Safe Pregnancy study - promoting safety behaviours in antenatal care among Norwegian, Pakistani and Somali pregnant women: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:724. [PMID: 31182062 PMCID: PMC6558870 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of pregnancy is a recognized global health problem with damaging consequences. However, little is known about the effect of violence assessment and intervention during pregnancy. We hypothesise that routine enquiry about IPV during pregnancy, in combination with information about IPV and safety behaviours, has the potential to increase the use of these behaviours and prevent and reduce IPV. METHODS The Safe Pregnancy study is a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the effectiveness of a tablet-based intervention to promote safety behaviours among pregnant women. Midwives include women who attend routine antenatal care. The intervention consists of a screening questionnaire for violence and information about violence and safety behaviours through a short video shown on a tablet. The materials are available in different languages to ensure participation of Norwegian, Urdu, Somali and English-speaking women. Eligible women answer baseline questions on the tablet including the Abuse Assessment Scale (AAS). Women who screen positive on the AAS will be randomized to an intervention video that contains information about violence and safety behaviours and women in the control group to a video with general information about a healthy and a safe pregnancy. All women receive information about referral resources. Follow up will be at three months post-partum, when the woman attends the maternal and child health centre (MCHC) for the baby's check-up. Outcome measures are: Use of safety behaviours and quality of life (primary outcomes), prevalence of violence, mental health measures and birth outcomes (secondary outcomes). Intention to treat analysis will be performed. DISCUSSION The project will provide evidence on whether enquiry about violence and a short video intervention on a tablet is effective and feasible to prevent or reduce harm from IPV among women who attend antenatal care. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT03397277 (Registered 11th January 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Marie Flaathen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeanette Angelshaug
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa Garnweidner-Holme
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Josef Noll
- Department of Technology Systems, University of Oslo, P.O box 20, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Angela Taft
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Berit Schei
- Department of Public Health and General Practice at the Faculty of Medicine, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Håkon Jarls gate 11, N-7489 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gynaecology at the Women’s Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Sluppen, Postbox 3250, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mirjam Lukasse
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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