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Torshina IE, Lugovaya AA, Malakhova AI, Filichkina NS, Nguyễn Phùng M. [Diagnosis of combined ophthalmic and dermatological manifestations of HIV]. Vestn Oftalmol 2024; 140:79-85. [PMID: 38450470 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202414001179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
This article contains up-to-date information on the features of ophthalmological and dermatological manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection based on the analysis of studies published in 2018-2022. The article also presents a description of a clinical case of HIV infection in a 54-year-old female patient with synchronous manifestation of eye symptoms in the form of retinal vasculitis of the optic nerve head and Kaposi's sarcoma localized on the skin of the face.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E Torshina
- Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia
| | - A A Lugovaya
- Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia
| | - A I Malakhova
- Smolensk Regional Clinical Hospital, Smolensk, Russia
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Redzuwan NS, Ahmad Tarmizi NA, Mohd Khialdin S. From Simple to Sinister: Kaposi Sarcoma Masquerading as a Subconjunctival Hemorrhage. Cureus 2023; 15:e45296. [PMID: 37846262 PMCID: PMC10576943 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A young male in his early 30s presented with spontaneous left eye redness for three months associated with blood-stained eye discharge. There was no history of trauma, blood dyscrasias, or anticoagulant intake. On examination, visual acuity was normal in both eyes. An anterior segment examination of the left eye showed subconjunctival hemorrhage with a fleshy bright red conjunctival mass hidden in the inferotemporal fornix. Other parts of the ocular examination including the contralateral eye were unremarkable. Upon further inquiry, the patient revealed a history of a retroviral disease diagnosed eight years ago but had not pursued treatment. Systemic examination revealed a raised non-pigmented lesion of the tongue and a painless purplish plaque at the back. Investigations showed a high viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) load and confirmed the Kaposi sarcoma of the conjunctiva, tongue, and skin; cryptococcal meningitis; smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis; and late latent syphilis. He was comanaged by multidisciplinary teams. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was commenced. Treatment was a challenge considering the simultaneous presence of malignancy and a serious fungal infection of the brain in an immunosuppressed patient. Fortunately, three months post treatment, he showed remarkable improvement as there was almost a complete resolution of conjunctival Kaposi sarcoma. This case revealed an unusual presentation of Kaposi sarcoma affecting the conjunctiva, which could have been mistaken for simple subconjunctival hemorrhage in a young patient without informed comorbidity.
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Venkateswaran N, Ramos JC, Cohen AK, Alvarez OP, Cohen NK, Galor A, Karp CL. Spotlight on ocular Kaposi’s sarcoma: an update on the presentation, diagnosis, and management options. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021; 16:477-489. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2021.1962294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan C. Ramos
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adam K. Cohen
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Osmel P. Alvarez
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noah K. Cohen
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anat Galor
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carol L. Karp
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Fossataro F, Iuliano A, Uccello G, Lanni V, D'Andrea L, Mascolo M, Travaglino A, Tranfa F. A rare case of bilateral conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma in a HIV-negative patient. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2021; 21:101024. [PMID: 33598589 PMCID: PMC7868732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare multi-centric vascular neoplasm, first described by Moritz Kaposi in 1872. It can appear in four different forms: classic, endemic, HIV-related and post-transplant form. We present an uncommon case of seronegative HIV infection patient with skin KS involving conjunctiva of both eyes. OBSERVATIONS Firstly, right eye lesions were surgically removed. Subsequently, the patient was administered with systemic chemotherapy (doxorubicin) to treat both skin and left eye lesions. No signs of recurrence were observed at 20 months' follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Both eyes involvement in KS is rarely described in scientific literature. Both surgery and chemotherapy could be considered valid treatment options for conjunctival KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fossataro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Iuliano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Uccello
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittoria Lanni
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca D'Andrea
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Mascolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Unit. University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Travaglino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Unit. University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fausto Tranfa
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Huang ZJ, Zheng JL, Zheng DZ, Huang DG, Tian DP, Chen WQ. Pediatric episcleral osseous choristomas: a case report. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1671-1674. [PMID: 33078121 PMCID: PMC7511370 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.10.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jing Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Long Zheng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - De-Zhi Zheng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ding-Guo Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Ping Tian
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Qi Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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Yeak J, Iqbal T, Zahari M, Ismail F. Total resolution of ocular Kaposi sarcoma with different treatment approaches - a case series and review of literature. Int J STD AIDS 2019; 30:802-809. [PMID: 31046617 DOI: 10.1177/0956462418825353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease that can vary from low-grade to aggressive and lethal multicentric vascular lesions, which can involve various locations, commonly mucocutaneous, lymph nodes, and visceral organs. It can also involve unusual sites such as the eye, central or peripheral nervous system, larynx, and many other anatomical sites. We describe three cases of ocular KS, which resolved completely following different treatment modalities. All three cases were known HIV-positive individuals with low CD4 cell counts. Case 1 received pegylated doxorubicin, case 2 received local radiotherapy, and case 3 received only highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). All three cases responded well to their respective therapy. Ocular KS is generally responsive to treatment. Initiation of HAART can achieve a remarkable response. In large or resistant cases, other treatment modalities can be considered to achieve resolution of lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Yeak
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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