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Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, Salazar de Pablo G, Madaria L, Goena J, Sanchez-Gistau V, Fusar-Poli P, McGuire P, González-Torres MÁ, Catalan A. Sexually transmitted infections, sexual life and risk behaviours of people living with schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e110. [PMID: 38725352 PMCID: PMC11094452 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), along with sexual health and behaviour, have received little attention in schizophrenia patients. AIMS To systematically review and meta-analytically characterise the prevalence of STIs and sexual risk behaviours among schizophrenia patients. METHOD Web of Science, PubMed, BIOSIS, KCI-Korean Journal Database, MEDLINE, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO and Cochrane Central Register were systematically searched from inception to 6 July 2023. Studies reporting on the prevalence or odds ratio of any STI or any outcome related to sexual risk behaviours among schizophrenia samples were included. PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant (CRD42023443602) random-effects meta-analyses were used for the selected outcomes. Q-statistics, I2 index, sensitivity analyses and meta-regressions were used. Study quality and publication bias were assessed. RESULTS Forty-eight studies (N = 2 459 456) reporting on STI prevalence (including 15 allowing for calculation of an odds ratio) and 33 studies (N = 4255) reporting on sexual risk behaviours were included. Schizophrenia samples showed a high prevalence of STIs and higher risks of HIV (odds ratio = 2.11; 95% CI 1.23-3.63), hepatitis C virus (HCV, odds ratio = 4.54; 95% CI 2.15-961) and hepatitis B virus (HBV; odds ratio = 2.42; 95% CI 1.95-3.01) infections than healthy controls. HIV prevalence was higher in Africa compared with other continents and in in-patient (rather than out-patient) settings. Finally, 37.7% (95% CI 31.5-44.4%) of patients were sexually active; 35.0% (95% CI 6.6-59.3%) reported consistent condom use, and 55.3% (95% CI 25.0-82.4%) maintained unprotected sexual relationships. CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia patients have high prevalence of STIs, with several-fold increased risks of HIV, HBV and HCV infection compared with the general population. Sexual health must be considered as an integral component of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Aymerich
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain; Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; and Neuroscience Department, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Borja Pedruzo
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Lander Madaria
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain; and Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Goena
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, IISPV-CERCA, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK; and National Institute for Health Research, Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; and NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Torres
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain; Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; and Neuroscience Department, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Ana Catalan
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain; Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Neuroscience Department, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Mendez-Guerra C, Robles-Valcarcel P, Bendezu-Quispe G, Benites-Zapata VA. Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru: evidence from a nationwide survey. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:210. [PMID: 38233806 PMCID: PMC10795413 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major global public health issues. Migrants represent a vulnerable group that faces multiple barriers to access to healthcare services, including HIV/STI testing. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with access to HIV/STI testing in male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving secondary data analysis of the 2022 Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru Survey. The study was conducted in the eight most populated cities inhabited by Venezuelan migrants and refugees. For each city, the sampling design was probabilistic, stratified, and independent. The outcome variable was whether participants had access to HIV or other STI testing during their stay in Peru. Statistical analysis was stratified by sex owing to potential effect modification. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using generalized linear models Poisson family with log link function. Confidence intervals were calculated to 95%. RESULTS A total of 3,723 male and 3,984 female migrants were included. Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female migrants was 19.85% and 25.16%, respectively. Among male migrants, being LGBTI, health insured, and married or cohabiting were associated with increased access to HIV/STI testing. Among females, those aged 18-44 years, those who were married or cohabiting and were health insured, and those residing for more than 1 year in Peru were significantly more likely to have access to HIV/STI testing. Moreover, physical/mental disability and unemployed status were associated with a lower probability of HIV/STI testing in females. CONCLUSIONS Only two in ten Venezuelan migrants and refugees in Peru were screened for HIV/STI, with fewer males than females. Sex-specific sociodemographic, health-related, and migration-related variables were independently associated with access to HIV/STI testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vicente A Benites-Zapata
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
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Mpango RS, Ssembajjwe W, Rukundo GZ, Amanyire P, Birungi C, Kalungi A, Rutakumwa R, Tusiime C, Gadow KD, Patel V, Nyirenda M, Kinyanda E. Physical and sexual victimization of persons with severe mental illness seeking care in central and southwestern Uganda. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1167076. [PMID: 37621606 PMCID: PMC10446879 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study established the prevalence of physical and sexual victimization, associated factors and psychosocial consequences of victimization among 1,201 out-patients with severe mental illness at Butabika and Masaka hospitals in Uganda. Methods Participants completed structured, standardized and locally translated instruments. Physical and sexual victimization was assessed using the modified adverse life events module of the European Para-suicide Interview Schedule. We used logistic regression to determine the association between victimization, the associated factors and psychosocial consequences. Results The prevalence of physical abuse was 34.1% and that of sexual victimization was 21.9%. The age group of > = 50 years (aOR 1.02;95% CI 0.62-1.66; p = 0.048) was more likely to have suffered physical victimization, while living in a rural area was protective against physical (aOR 0.59; 95% CI 0.46-0.76; p = <0.001) and sexual (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35-0.65; p < 0.001) victimization. High socioeconomic status (SES) (aOR 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.92; p = <0.001) was protective against physical victimization. Females were more likely to have been sexually victimized (aOR 3.38; 95% CI 2.47-4.64; p = <0.001), while being a Muslim (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39-0.90; p = 0.045) was protective against sexual victimization. Risky sexual behavior was a negative outcome associated with physical (aOR 2.19; 95% CI 1.66-2.90; p = <0.001) and sexual (aOR 3.09; 95% CI 2.25-4.23; p < 0.001) victimization. Mental health stigma was a negative outcome associated with physical (aOR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.05; p < 0.001) and sexual (aOR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.05; p = 0.002) victimization. Poor adherence to oral anti-psychotic medications was a negative outcome associated with physical (aOR 1.51; 95% CI 1.13-2.00; p = 0.006) and sexual (aOR 1.39; 95% CI 0.99-1.94; p = 0.044) victimization. Conclusion There is a high burden of physical and sexual victimization among people with SMI in central Uganda. There is need to put in place and evaluate complex interventions for improving detection and response to abusive experiences within mental health services. Public health practitioners, policymakers, and legislators should act to protect the health and rights of people with SMI in resource poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Stephen Mpango
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Soroti University, Soroti, Uganda
| | - Wilber Ssembajjwe
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Statistical Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Zari Rukundo
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Philip Amanyire
- Department of Nursing, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Carol Birungi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Allan Kalungi
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Rwamahe Rutakumwa
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | - Kenneth D. Gadow
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Moffat Nyirenda
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Global Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Eugene Kinyanda
- Mental Health Section, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Qambayot MA, Naidoo S. Provision of HIV services to psychiatric inpatients in Botswana: Challenges and recommendations. S Afr J Psychiatr 2023; 29:1990. [PMID: 36876029 PMCID: PMC9982490 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v29i0.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high prevalence of HIV among psychiatric inpatients is well-documented, yet little is known about the provision of HIV services for these patients. Aim This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand healthcare providers' challenges with providing HIV services to psychiatric inpatients. Setting This study was conducted at the national psychiatric referral hospital in Botswana. Methods The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 25 healthcare providers serving HIV-positive psychiatric inpatients. Data analysis was performed using a thematic analysis approach. Results Healthcare providers reported challenges with transporting patients to access off-site HIV services, longer waiting periods for antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, patient confidentiality, fragmented services for treatment of comorbidities, and a lack of patient data integration between the national psychiatric referral hospital and other facilities such as the Infectious Diseases Care Clinic (IDCC) at the nearby district hospital. Providers' recommendations for addressing these challenges included the establishment of an IDCC at the national psychiatric referral hospital, connecting the psychiatric facility to the patient data management system to ensure integration of patient data, and provision of HIV-related in-service training to nurses. Conclusion Psychiatric healthcare providers advocated for on-site integration of care for psychiatric illness and HIV among inpatients to address the challenges of ART provision. Contribution The findings suggest the need to improve the provision of HIV services in the psychiatric hospitals in order to ensure better outcomes for this often-overlooked population. These findings are useful in improving clinical practice for HIV in psychiatric settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Qambayot
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sarita Naidoo
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Anex A, Dürrigl M, Matthys A, Felber S, Medvedeva T, Cleary R, Clesse C. Guidelines, Policies, and Recommendations Regarding the Sexuality of Individuals with Severe Mental Disorders in Psychiatric Units, Institutions, and Supported Housing Across Europe: A Systematic Review. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:121-134. [PMID: 36192666 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sexual behavior of psychiatric inpatients is often inadequately addressed within psychiatric institutions. This systematic review aimed to identify existing policies, guidelines, and recommendations regarding inpatient sexual behavior in psychiatric units, institutions, and supported housing across Europe in existing literature. It also aimed to assess the attitudes held by mental health professionals (MHPs) and inpatients toward existing policies, guidelines, and recommendations. Nine databases were searched in seven languages for articles published between 2000 and 2020. Double-blind bias assessment was performed on 10 articles. Five thematic categories emerged from the selected studies: (1) types of policies and guidelines; (2) MHPs' and inpatients' attitudes toward inpatient sexual behavior; (3) impact and strategies related to inpatient sexual behavior; (4) barriers to inpatient sexual behavior; and (5) facilitators to inpatient sexual behavior. Most screened publications reported implicit norms addressing inpatient sexual behavior among the staff. Surveyed MHPs and inpatients typically showed opposing attitudes regarding inpatient sexual behavior, with MHPs generally deeming such behavior unsafe and inpatients emphasizing it as their human right. The aims of this systematic review were partially fulfilled as articles reported little or no policy documents and guidelines and, therefore, did not allow for the assessment of policy impact. MHPs' attitudes toward inpatient sexual behavior were addressed and trends in several countries outside of Europe addressing inpatient sexual behavior were discussed. Finally, capacity to consent with respect to inpatient sexual behavior is discussed in the context of human rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Anex
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, UNI MAIL, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Marta Dürrigl
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anouk Matthys
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Felber
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tana Medvedeva
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rua Cleary
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Christophe Clesse
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- European Federation of Psychology Student Associations, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Zheng F, Lin Y, Wei Q, Zeng Z, Xiong D, Wu S. A cross-sectional analysis of registry data of severe mental disorders in Fuzhou, China: current status and prospects. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:790. [PMID: 36517752 PMCID: PMC9753341 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the proportion of registered cases relative to size, distribution characteristics, medication status, and management status of patients diagnosed with severe mental disorders (SMD) in Fuzhou. The medication status and management status were compared between patients in urban and non-urban areas to provide scientific evidence for improving SMD care, control, and treatment in primary health care institutions. METHODS Data (case types, demographic data, distribution data, medication status, and management status, etc.) of patients diagnosed with SMD in 12 districts, counties, and prefectures in the urban and non-urban areas of Fuzhou City were collected from October 2017 to September 2018. Three distributions (population, local, and districts/counties) were used to describe the proportion of registered cases relative to size and clinical characteristics of diagnosed SMD. Chi squared (χ2) test was used to compare the severity in urban and non-urban areas. RESULTS A total of 30,362 registered SMD patients were identified in Fuzhou City of which schizophrenia accounted for the highest number of cases (26,204, 86.31%), and paranoid psychosis had the least number of cases (47, 0.15%). Moreover, approximately half of SMD patients were 18 to 44 years old (45.38%). Close to one third of patients were farmers (30.23%), had a primary school or lower education level (54.17%), were poor, with most below the poverty line (55.35%). The proportion of diagnosed SMD relative to size was highest in Minqing County (0.53%) and lowest in Mawei District (0.38%). A total of 22,989 (75.72%) of the patients were taking medications, and only 17,509 (57.67%) were taking medications regularly. Moreover, the percentage of cases taking medications and those taking medications regularly were higher in urban areas than in non-urban areas (P<0.05). A total of 3065 patients were registered for management (10.09%). The managed proportion of SMD cases was higher in the urban areas than in the non-urban areas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Schizophrenia is a key disease for comprehensive care and control of severe mental disorders in Fuzhou. The management of severe mental disorders should focus on poor groups with low educational backgrounds. Drug usage and management are better in urban areas than in non-urban areas, and thus management should be enhanced in non-urban areas. The medication management and case management of patients with severe mental disorders in Fuzhou need further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Zheng
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,Department of Scientific Research Management, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Yawen Lin
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Qinfei Wei
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Zhaonan Zeng
- Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Duanhua Xiong
- Department of Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Yahyavi S, Raisi F, Firoozikhojastefar R, Shahvari Z, Mirsepassi Z. Sex education for patients with severe mental illness in Iran: A qualitative study. PEC INNOVATION 2022; 1:100016. [PMID: 37213718 PMCID: PMC10194151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients with severe mental illness may experience cognitive deficits, impaired judgment or loss of skills. Therefore, they are prone to sexual health complications. Sex education can promote sexual health, and in many countries, it is integrated into other domains of education. The educational contents taught in western countries are not necessarily appropriate for developing countries.This study aims to address sex educational content for these patients in Iran. Methods We have conducted twenty-three face-to-face, deep and semi-structured interviews with patients, family members, psychiatrists, general practitioners, nurses and psychologists. We used the strategy of maximum diversity in selecting the participants. Results "Improving basic knowledge," "decreasing the risk of unsafe sex", "empowerment" and "persuading to ask for help" should be covered in the education. Conclusions Sexuality is not considered a priority for these patients. It is necessary to develop a training program with simple educational content for this high-risk group. Innovation Raising awareness and knowledge about the possible risks of social media on high-risk behaviours, developing social and behavioural skills, and encouraging patients to talk about their new challenges in sexual life is recommended. Cultural, spiritual and personal beliefs should be considered in designing the educational program.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeyyedTaha Yahyavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Raisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Shahvari
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mirsepassi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Cai J, Wei Z, Chen M, He L, Wang H, Li M, Peng Y. Socioeconomic status, individual behaviors and risk for mental disorders: A Mendelian randomization study. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e28. [PMID: 35431011 PMCID: PMC9158396 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing attention on the association of socioeconomic status and individual behaviors (SES/IB) with mental health. However, the impacts of SES/IB on mental disorders are still unclear. To provide evidence for establishing feasible strategies on disease screening and prevention, we implemented Mendelian randomization (MR) design to appraise causality between SES/IB and mental disorders. METHODS We conducted a two-sample MR study to assess the causal effects of SES and IB (dietary habits, habitual physical activity, smoking behaviors, drinking behaviors, sleeping behaviors, leisure sedentary behaviors, risky behaviors, and reproductive behaviors) on three mental disorders, including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. A series of filtering steps were taken to select eligible genetic instruments robustly associated with each of the traits. Inverse variance weighted was used for primary analysis, with alternative MR methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode estimate. Complementary methods were further used to detect pleiotropic bias. RESULTS After Bonferroni correction and rigorous quality control, we identified that SES (educational attainment), smoking behaviors (smoking initiation, number of cigarettes per day), risky behaviors (adventurousness, number of sexual partners, automobile speeding propensity) and reproductive behavior (age at first birth) were causally associated with at least one of the mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS MR study provides robust evidence that SES/IB play broad impacts on mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Cai
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixin Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Mirsepassi Z, Raisi F, Shahvari Z, FirooziKhojastefar R, Yahyavi ST. Evaluating family knowledge about sexual health in patients with severe mental illness: a qualitative study in Iran. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:174. [PMID: 35272647 PMCID: PMC8908587 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although paying more attention to sex education in patients with severe mental illness is recommended in the literature, the role of families has not been specifically clarified. AIM: This study aims to explore family knowledge about sexual health in patients with severe mental illness in Iran. METHODS We conducted a total number of 21 interviews with 4 patients, 5 families, 7 psychiatrists, 1 general practitioner, 2 nurses, and 2 psychologists through purposive sampling. The text was analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The family knowledge about patients' sexual health is described in three subcategories: 'informal sources for knowledge acquisition', 'common myths, and 'inappropriate reaction to the patients' needs". CONCLUSIONS Family sex education should be integrated into a comprehensive rehabilitation program to promote sexual health in patients with severe mental illness. Family members should be aware of the necessity of accurate information about patients' sexual concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mirsepassi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Raisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Shahvari
- grid.510409.90000 0004 6092 1266Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Reihaneh FirooziKhojastefar
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Taha Yahyavi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Association of levonorgestrel intrauterine devices with stress reactivity, mental health, quality of life and sexual functioning: A systematic review. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 63:100943. [PMID: 34425187 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Levonorgestrel-intrauterine-devices (LNG-IUD) are one of the most used contraceptive methods worldwide. While several reviews exist on how LNG-IUDs impact physiology and gynaecological functions, this systematic review focuses on stress, mental health, quality of life, sexual functioning, and effects on brain architecture. While data on stress is scarce, results on mental health are ambiguous. More consistently, LNG-IUD use seems to improve quality of life and sexual functioning. No studies highlighting the consequences of LNG-IUD use on the brain were found. The reviewed studies are characterized by a substantial variation in approaches, participant groups, and study quality. More high-quality research assessing the effects of LNG-IUD on mental health, including response to stressors and brain function and structure, is needed to identify women vulnerable to adverse effects of LNG-IUD, also in comparison to oral contraceptives, and to empower women to make more informed choices concerning hormonal contraception.
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11
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Karayianni E, Van Daele T, Despot-Lučanin J, Lopižić J, Carr N. Psychological Science Into Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic. EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The public health outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has hit all aspects of life as we know it. We found ourselves trying to solve several concurrent crises that have afflicted us. The European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA) launched the Psychologists’ Support Hub to share resources among its members and beyond and promote the continuing adoption of psychological science to battle the pandemic. In the greater context of evidence-based practice (EBP), the best available evidence is what we turn to for help in our decision-making on how best to address different challenges. However, there are challenges in implementing EBP when the science is limited, and we are still expected to be effective and efficient as professionals. The article outlines the need for EBP during the pandemic. Three vignettes display how that can be done while identifying obstacles and recommending ways forward in the future. The first one relates to the development of e-mental health services in Belgium following the March 2020 lockdown. The second describes addressing the needs of older adults in Croatia when it was hit by two crises simultaneously – the March 2020 lockdown and a destructive earthquake. The third looks at how targeted community-based interventions in Norway directed at social change can positively impact times of crisis. Overall, the pandemic presents a unique opportunity for professional growth for researchers, trainers, practitioners, and policymakers alike. EFPA can play a pivotal role in EBP adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Karayianni
- European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Tom Van Daele
- EFPA Project Group on eHealth, Brussels, Belgium
- Expertise Unit Psychology, Technology & Society at Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jasminka Despot-Lučanin
- EFPA Standing Committee for Geropsychology, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Lopižić
- European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA), Brussels, Belgium
- Croatian Psychological Association, Croatia
| | - Nicholas Carr
- EFPA Standing Committee on Community Psychology, Brussels, Belgium
- Norwegian Psychological Association, Norway
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