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Liu S, Nam HS, Zeng Z, Deng X, Pashaei E, Zang Y, Yang L, Li C, Huang J, Wendt MK, Lu X, Huang R, Wan J. CDHu40: a novel marker gene set of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae471. [PMID: 39318189 PMCID: PMC11422505 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer affecting American men. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can emerge during hormone therapy for PCa, manifesting with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen levels, continued disease progression, and/or metastasis to the new sites, resulting in a poor prognosis. A subset of CRPC patients shows a neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype, signifying reduced or no reliance on androgen receptor signaling and a particularly unfavorable prognosis. In this study, we incorporated computational approaches based on both gene expression profiles and protein-protein interaction networks. We identified 500 potential marker genes, which are significantly enriched in cell cycle and neuronal processes. The top 40 candidates, collectively named CDHu40, demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing NE PCa (NEPC) and non-NEPC samples based on gene expression profiles. CDHu40 outperformed most of the other published marker sets, excelling particularly at the prognostic level. Notably, some marker genes in CDHu40, absent in the other marker sets, have been reported to be associated with NEPC in the literature, such as DDC, FOLH1, BEX1, MAST1, and CACNA1A. Importantly, elevated CDHu40 scores derived from our predictive model showed a robust correlation with unfavorable survival outcomes in patients, indicating the potential of the CDHu40 score as a promising indicator for predicting the survival prognosis of those patients with the NE phenotype. Motif enrichment analysis on the top candidates suggests that REST and E2F6 may serve as key regulators in the NEPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Hye Seung Nam
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ziyu Zeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 100 Galvin Life Science Center, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Xuehong Deng
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Elnaz Pashaei
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Yong Zang
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1345 Center Dr Room P3-12, Gainesville, FL 32603, United States
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Davison Building, 40 Duke Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Michael K Wendt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 100 Galvin Life Science Center, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, 535 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Rong Huang
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, 535 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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Serafin M, Jabłońska B, Senderek E, Majewska K, Mrowiec S. The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Treatment of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm-A 10-Year Single-Center Experience. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4892. [PMID: 39201037 PMCID: PMC11355324 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) represent a diverse group of tumors, with surgical resection being the gold standard for treatment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 63 patients (32 women, 31 men) who underwent surgery for GI-NENs at the Department of Digestive Tract Surgery from January 2013 to June 2023. Tumors were classified by stage (localized, regionally advanced, metastatic). Results: Clinical symptoms were reported by 42 (66.7%) patients, with abdominal pain being the most common symptom, affecting 28 (44.4%) patients. The majority of tumors (44, 69.8%) originated in the midgut. The most frequently performed surgery was right hemicolectomy, carried out on 33 (52.4%) patients. Radical tumor resection was performed in 35 (55.6%) patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 12 (19%) patients, with male gender identified as an independent predictive factor for complications (p = 0.04). Non-functioning tumors were more common (33, 52.4%), and most tumors were classified as grade 1 histopathologically (49, 77.8%). Distant metastases were present in 29 (46%) patients. The overall two-year survival rate was 94.9%, with a five-year survival rate also estimated at 94.9%. Conclusions: GI-NENs are often diagnosed at advanced stages, frequently with distant or lymph node metastases, and predominantly arise in the midgut. Despite low postoperative morbidity and mortality, male gender may be a predictor of postoperative complications. Overall, the prognosis for GI-NENs is favorable, reflected in high overall survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Serafin
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Beata Jabłońska
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (K.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Emila Senderek
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Karolina Majewska
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (K.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sławomir Mrowiec
- Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (K.M.); (S.M.)
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Wang D, Wang Y, Dong L, Zhang X, Du J. Preoperatively predicting the lymph node metastasis and prognosis for gastric cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11213. [PMID: 38755185 PMCID: PMC11099148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The preoperative distinguishment of lymph nodes (LN) with metastasis plays a pivotal role in guiding the surgical extension for gastric cancer (GC). We aim to identify the preparative risk factors for LN metastasis in GC patients. We retrospectively reviewed 424 patients who underwent radical GC resection in our medical center between Jan 2011 and Dec 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify risk factors for LN metastasis, while multivariate COX regression was utilized to evaluate prognostic factors. The median overall survival of patients with or without LN metastases was 31 and 58 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, lower albumin (OR = 0.512; P = 0.004) and prealbumin (OR = 0.367, P = 0.001) and higher CEA (OR = 3.178, P < 0.001), CA199 (OR = 2.278, P = 0.002) and platelets (OR = 1.697, P = 0.017) were found to be significantly associated with LN metastasis. In survival analysis, older age (HR = 1.712), larger tumors (HR = 1.082), higher D-dimer (HR = 1.561) and CA199 (HR = 1.553), advanced staging (stage II, HR = 3.446; stage III-IV, HR = 11.089), lower prealbumin levels (lower level for reference, HR = 0.63), and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 0.396) was discovered to be associated with poorer overall survival (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that preoperative prealbumin-bound tumor markers can effectively predict LN metastasis. Additionally, prealbumin was found to possess prognostic value as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, 16 Tuanjie South Road, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, 16 Tuanjie South Road, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Oncology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, 16 Tuanjie South Road, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianfei Du
- Department of Oncology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, 16 Tuanjie South Road, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang YY, Cai YW, Zhang X. Different lymph node staging systems for predicting the prognosis of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1745-1755. [PMID: 38764820 PMCID: PMC11099446 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a rare malignancy that primarily arises from the diffuse distribution of neuroendocrine cells in the colon and rectum. Previous studies have pointed out that the status of lymph node may be used to predict the prognosis. AIM To investigate the predictive values of lymph node ratio (LNR), positive lymph node (PLN), and log odds of PLNs (LODDS) staging systems on the prognosis of colorectal NENs treated surgically, and compare their predictive values. METHODS This cohort study included 895 patients with colorectal NENs treated surgically from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The endpoint was mortality of patients with colorectal NENs treated surgically. X-tile software was utilized to identify most suitable thresholds for categorizing the LNR, PLN, and LODDS. Participants were selected in a random manner to form training and testing sets. The prognosis of surgically treating colorectal NENs was examined using multivariate cox analysis to assess the associations of LNR, PLN, and LODDS with the prognosis of colorectal NENs. C-index was used for assessing the predictive effectiveness. We conducted a subgroup analysis to explore the different lymph node staging systems' predictive values. RESULTS After adjusting all confounding factors, PLN, LNR and LODDS staging systems were linked with mortality in patients with colorectal NENs treated surgically (P < 0.05). We found that LODDS staging had a higher prognostic value for patients with colorectal NENs treated surgically than PLN and LNR staging systems. Similar results were obtained in the different G staging subgroup analyses. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for LODDS staging system remained consistently higher than those of PLN or LNR, even at the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-year follow-up periods. CONCLUSION LNR, PLN, and LODDS were found to significantly predict the prognosis of patients with colorectal NENs treated surgically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing 526020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue-Wei Cai
- Department of Emergency, Zhaoqing Second People’s Hospital, Zhaoqing 526020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing 526020, Guangdong Province, China
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Liu S, Nam HS, Zeng Z, Deng X, Pashaei E, Zang Y, Yang L, Li C, Huang J, Wendt MK, Lu X, Huang R, Wan J. CDHu40: a novel marker gene set of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.28.587205. [PMID: 38585861 PMCID: PMC10996696 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer affecting American men. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can emerge during hormone therapy for PCa, manifesting with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, continued disease progression, and/or metastasis to the new sites, resulting in a poor prognosis. A subset of CRPC patients shows a neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype, signifying reduced or no reliance on androgen receptor (AR) signaling and a particularly unfavorable prognosis. In this study, we incorporated computational approaches based on both gene expression profiles and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. We identified 500 potential marker genes, which are significantly enriched in cell cycle and neuronal processes. The top 40 candidates, collectively named as CDHu40, demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing NE prostate cancer (NEPC) and non-NEPC samples based on gene expression profiles compared to other published marker sets. Notably, some novel marker genes in CDHu40, absent in the other marker sets, have been reported to be associated with NEPC in the literature, such as DDC, FOLH1, BEX1, MAST1, and CACNA1A. Importantly, elevated CDHu40 scores derived from our predictive model showed a robust correlation with unfavorable survival outcomes in patients, indicating the potential of the CDHu40 score as a promising indicator for predicting the survival prognosis of those patients with the NE phenotype. Motif enrichment analysis on the top candidates suggests that REST and E2F6 may serve as key regulators in the NEPC progression. Significance our study integrates gene expression variances in multiple NEPC studies and protein-protein interaction network to pinpoint a specific set of NEPC maker genes namely CDHu40. These genes and scores based on their gene expression levels effectively distinguish NEPC samples and underscore the clinical prognostic significance and potential mechanism.
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Guo X, Song X, Long X, Liu Y, Xie Y, Xie C, Ji B. New nomogram for predicting lymph node positivity in pancreatic head cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1053375. [PMID: 36761960 PMCID: PMC9907461 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1053375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide, and it mostly occurs in the head of the pancreas. Existing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) surgical techniques have has undergone a learning curve, a wide variety of approaches for the treatment of pancreatic cancer have been proposed, and the operation has matured. At present, pancreatic head cancer has been gradually changing from "surgeons' evaluation of anatomical resection" to "biologically inappropriate resection". In this study, the risk of lymph node metastasis in pancreatic head cancer was predicted using common preoperative clinical indicators. Methods The preoperative clinical data of 191 patients with pancreatic head cancer who received LPD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University from May 2016 to December 2021 were obtained. A univariate regression analysis study was conducted, and the indicators with a significance level of P<0.05 were included in the univariate logistic regression analysis into multivariate. Lastly, a nomogram was built based on age, tumor size, leucocyte,albumin(ALB), and lymphocytes/monocytes(LMR). The model with the highest resolution was selected by obtaining the area under a curve. The clinical net benefit of the prediction model was examined using decision curve analyses.Risk stratification was performed by combining preoperative CT scan with existing models. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis found age, tumor size, WBC, ALB, and LMR as five independent factors. A nomogram model was constructed based on the above indicators. The model was calibrated by validating the calibration curve within 1000 bootstrap resamples. The ROC curve achieved an AUC of 0.745(confidence interval of 95%: 0.673-0.816), thus indicating that the model had excellent discriminative skills. DCA suggested that the predictive model achieved a high net benefit in the nearly entire threshold probability range. Conclusions This study has been the first to investigate a nomogram for preoperative prediction of lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic head cancer. The result suggests that age, ALB, tumor size, WBC, and LMR are independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in pancreatic head cancer. This study may provide a novel perspective for the selection of appropriate continuous treatment regimens, the increase of the survival rate of patients with pancreatic head cancer, and the selection of appropriate neoadjuvant therapy patients.
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Duan W, Wang W, He C. A novel potential inflammation-nutrition biomarker for predicting lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative colon cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:995637. [PMID: 37081978 PMCID: PMC10111825 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.995637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the predictive significance of (platelet × albumin)/lymphocyte ratio (PALR) for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with clinically node-negative colon cancer (cN0 CC). Methods Data from 800 patients with primary CC who underwent radical surgery between March 2016 and June 2021 were reviewed. The non-linear relationship between PALR and the risk of LNM was explored using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) function while a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was developed to determine the predictive value of PALR. Patients were categorized into high- and low-PALR cohorts according to the optimum cut-off values derived from Youden's index. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent indicators of LNM. Sensitivity analysis was performed to repeat the main analyses with the quartile of PALR. Results A total of eligible 269 patients with primary cN0 CC were retrospectively selected. The value of the area under the ROC curve for PALR for predicting LNM was 0.607. RCS visualized the uptrend linear relationship between PALR and the risk of LNM (p-value for non-linearity > 0.05). PALR (odds ratio = 2.118, 95% confidence interval, 1.182-3.786, p = 0.011) was identified as an independent predictor of LNM in patients with cN0 CC. A nomogram incorporating PALR and other independent predictors was constructed with an internally validated concordance index of 0.637. The results of calibration plots and decision curve analysis supported a good performance ability and the sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of our findings. Conclusion PALR has promising clinical applications for predicting LNM in patients with cN0 CC.
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Li X, Ai S, Lu X, Liu S, Guan W. Nanotechnology-based strategies for gastric cancer imaging and treatment. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35392-35407. [PMID: 35493171 PMCID: PMC9043273 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01947c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second biggest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the improvement in deciphering molecular mechanisms, advances of detection and imaging, implementation of prevention programs, and personalized treatment, the overall curative rate remains low. In particular, with the emergence of nanomaterials, different imaging modalities can be integrated into one single platform, and combined therapies with synergetic effects against gastric cancer were established. Moreover, the development of theranostic strategies with simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic ability was boosted by multifunctional nanoparticles. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of major nanotechnology-based breakthroughs for gastric cancer imaging and treatment. We will describe the superiority of nanomaterials used in gastric cancer and summarize nanotechnology applications for the improvement of cancer imaging and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Li
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan RD Nanjing 210008 China +86-25-68182222. ext. 60930, 60931, 60932
| | - Shichao Ai
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan RD Nanjing 210008 China +86-25-68182222. ext. 60930, 60931, 60932
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan RD Nanjing 210008 China +86-25-68182222. ext. 60930, 60931, 60932
| | - Song Liu
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan RD Nanjing 210008 China +86-25-68182222. ext. 60930, 60931, 60932
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan RD Nanjing 210008 China +86-25-68182222. ext. 60930, 60931, 60932
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