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Liu YY, Zhang Y, Shan GY, Cheng JY, Wan H, Zhang YX, Li HJ. Hinokiflavone exerts dual regulation on apoptosis and pyroptosis via the SIX4/Stat3/Akt pathway to alleviate APAP-induced liver injury. Life Sci 2024; 354:122968. [PMID: 39147316 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Hinokiflavone (HF), classified as a flavonoid, is a main bioactive compound in Platycladus orientalis and Selaginella. HF exhibits activities including anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. The study aimed to explore the function and the mechanisms of HF on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury. Results indicated that HF treatment mitigated the impact of APAP on viability and restored levels of MDA, GSH and SOD on HepG2 cells. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in HepG2 cells stimulated by APAP were also blocked by HF. HF reduced the levels of pro-apoptotic and pro-pyroptotic proteins. Flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence staining results were consistent with western blot analysis. Following HF treatment in the APAP-induced cell model, there was observed an augmentation in the phosphorylation of Stat3 and an increase in the expression of SIX4. However, not only silenced the SIX4 protein in HepG2 cells by siRNA, but also adding the Stat3 inhibitor (Stattic), attenuated the anti-apoptotic and anti-pyroptotic effects of HF significantly. Furthermore, HF alleviated liver damage in C57BL/6 mice model. Overall, our study demonstrated that HF mitigates apoptosis and pyroptosis induced by APAP in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) through the SIX4/Akt/Stat3 pathway in vivo and in vitro. HF may have promising potential for for the treatment of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ying Liu
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China; Department of Biopharmacy, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biopharmacy, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Guan-Yue Shan
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China
| | - Jun-Ya Cheng
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China; Department of Bioengineering, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Hui Wan
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhang
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China.
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Qin X, Chen X, Wang F, Zhong F, Zeng Y, Liu W. Huaier inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by down-regulating SIRT1. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37313. [PMID: 39286166 PMCID: PMC11402646 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the high drug resistance and relapse rate of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), the prognosis is usually poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safer and more effective therapeutic drugs. Huaier and its preparations, as adjuvant drugs, have been widely used in the treatment of solid tumors and other diseases. However, the application of Huaier in leukemia is rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of Huaier on T- ALL and its underlying mechanism. Methods Jurkat and MOLT-4 cells were treated with Huaier. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The morphological changes of apoptotic cells were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of related proteins were assessed by Western blot. Results The results showed that Huaier significantly inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat and MOLT-4 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with IC50 of 2.37 ± 0.10 and 1.93 ± 0.07 mg/mL at 48 h, respectively. Morphological changes and increased number of apoptotic cells were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. The apoptosis rates of Jurkat and MOLT-4 cells in 4 mg/mL group were 50.67 ± 1.36 % and 49.97 ± 5.43 %, respectively. Huaier promoted the expression of Cytochrome c, Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved PARP, p53, LC3-Ⅱ and p62 proteins, while inhibited the expression of SIRT1, ATG7 and Beclin 1 proteins. Treatment with SRT1720 (SIRT1 agonist) combined with Huaier rescued Huaier-induced apoptosis and increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Conclusion Huaier inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis of T-ALL cells by down-regulating SIRT1, which may be a potential drug for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Newborn Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
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Musumeci L, Russo C, Schumacher U, Lombardo GE, Maugeri A, Navarra M. The pro-differentiating capability of a flavonoid-rich extract of Citrus bergamia juice prompts autophagic death in THP-1 cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19971. [PMID: 39198517 PMCID: PMC11358463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic neoplasm, characterized by a blockage of differentiation and an unconstrained proliferation of immature myeloid cells. Recently, the survival of leukemia patients has increased thanks to the use of differentiating agents, though these may cause serious side effects. Hence, the search for safer differentiating compounds is necessary. Our aim was to assess the pro-differentiating effects of a flavonoid-rich extract of bergamot juice (BJe) in human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells, an in vitro AML model. For the first time, we showed that treatment with BJe induced differentiation of THP-1 cells, changes in cell morphology and increased expression of differentiation-associated surface antigens CD68, CD11b and CD14. Moreover, BJe enhanced protein levels of autophagy-associated markers, such as Beclin-1 and LC3, as well as induced the phosphorylation of the MAPKs JNK, ERK and p38, hence suggesting a potential mechanism underlying its antiproliferative effects. Indeed, parallel experiments highlighted that BJe was able to hamper THP-1 cell growth. In conclusion, our study suggests that BJe induces the differentiation of THP-1 cells and reduces their proliferation, highlighting its potential in differentiation therapy of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Musumeci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Medical School Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy
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Jung YY, Ahn KS, Shen M. Unveiling autophagy complexity in leukemia: The molecular landscape and possible interactions with apoptosis and ferroptosis. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216518. [PMID: 38043785 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestion multistep process in which causes the homeostasis through degradation of macromolecules and damaged organelles. The autophagy-mediated tumor progression regulation has been a critical point in recent years, revealing the function of this process in reduction or acceleration of carcinogenesis. Leukemia is a haematological malignancy in which abnormal expansion of hematopoietic cells occurs. The current and conventional therapies from chemotherapy to cell transplantation have failed to appropriately treat the leukemia patients. Among the mechanisms dysregulated in leukemia, autophagy is a prominent one in which can regulate the hallmarks of this tumor. The protective autophagy inhibits apoptosis and ferroptosis in leukemia, while toxic autophagy accelerates cell death. The proliferation and invasion of tumor cells are tightly regulated by the autophagy. The direction of regulation depends on the function of autophagy that is protective or lethal. The protective autophagy accelerates chemoresistance and radio-resistsance. The non-coding RNAs, histone transferases and other pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR are among the regulators of autophagy in leukemia progression. The pharmacological intervention for the inhibition or induction of autophagy by the compounds including sesamine, tanshinone IIA and other synthetic compounds can chance progression of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mingzhi Shen
- Department of General Medicine, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Sanya, China.
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Xia Q, Xie J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Wu Y, Yang Z, Li J. Ovatodiolide induces autophagy-mediated cell death through the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110819. [PMID: 38000454 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Ovatodiolide is a macrocyclic diterpenoid compound with various biological activities that displays considerable anticancer potential in different tumor models. However, the underlying mechanism for this antineoplastic activity remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effect and possible molecular mechanism of ovatodiolide in human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Ovatodiolide suppressed cell colony formation and induced apoptosis in the K562 and KU812 cells. We also observed that ovatodiolide enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activated Nrf2 signaling, and inhibited mTOR phosphorylation. Autophagic flux was shown to be enhanced after treatment with ovatodiolide in K562 cells. Furthermore, autophagy inhibition alleviated ovatodiolide-induced cell apoptosis, whereas autophagy promotion aggravated apoptosis in CML cells. These results demonstrated that ovatodiolide activates autophagy-mediated cell death in CML cells. Additionally, ovatodiolide transcriptionally activated the expression of p62, and the p62 levels were negatively regulated by autophagy. Moreover, p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling was confirmed to be involved in ovatodiolide-induced cell death. Accordingly, LC3B knockdown augmented the ovatodiolide-induced p62 expression, increased the p62-Keap1 interaction, and enhanced the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus. In contrast, p62 inhibition abolished the effects that were induced through ovatodiolide treatment. Nrf2 inhibition with ML385 diminished the protective effect of autophagy inhibition in CML cells. Collectively, our results indicate that ovatodiolide induces oxidative stress and provokes autophagy, which effectively decreases the expression of p62 and weakens the protective effect of Nrf2 signaling activation, thus contributing to apoptosis in CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bihong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Ullah S, Rahman W, Ullah F, Ullah A, Ahmad G, Ijaz M, Ullah H, Zheng Z, Gao T. AVPCD: a plant-derived medicine database of antiviral phytochemicals for cancer, Covid-19, malaria and HIV. Database (Oxford) 2023; 2023:baad056. [PMID: 37594855 PMCID: PMC10437090 DOI: 10.1093/database/baad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Serious illnesses caused by viruses are becoming the world's most critical public health issues and lead millions of deaths each year in the world. Thousands of studies confirmed that the plant-derived medicines could play positive therapeutic effects on the patients with viral diseases. Since thousands of antiviral phytochemicals have been identified as lifesaving drugs in medical research, a comprehensive database is highly desirable to integrate the medicinal plants with their different medicinal properties. Therefore, we provided a friendly antiviral phytochemical database AVPCD covering 2537 antiviral phytochemicals from 383 medicinal compounds and 319 different families with annotation of their scientific, family and common names, along with the parts used, disease information, active compounds, links of relevant articles for COVID-19, cancer, HIV and malaria. Furthermore, each compound in AVPCD was annotated with its 2D and 3D structure, molecular formula, molecular weight, isomeric SMILES, InChI, InChI Key and IUPAC name and 21 other properties. Each compound was annotated with more than 20 properties. Specifically, a scoring method was designed to measure the confidence of each phytochemical for the viral diseases. In addition, we constructed a user-friendly platform with several powerful modules for searching and browsing the details of all phytochemicals. We believe this database will facilitate global researchers, drug developers and health practitioners in obtaining useful information against viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ullah
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Wajeeha Rahman
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Ullah
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ullah
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Ahmad
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hameed Ullah
- S Khan Lab Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Takhtbhai, KP 23200, Pakistan
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Tianshun Gao
- Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
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Ren M, Li S, Gao Q, Qiao L, Cao Q, Yang Z, Chen C, Jiang Y, Wang G, Fu S. Advances in the Anti-Tumor Activity of Biflavonoids in Selaginella. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097731. [PMID: 37175435 PMCID: PMC10178260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the many strategies employed to slow the spread of cancer, the development of new anti-tumor drugs and the minimization of side effects have been major research hotspots in the anti-tumor field. Natural drugs are a huge treasure trove of drug development, and they have been widely used in the clinic as anti-tumor drugs. Selaginella species in the family Selaginellaceae are widely distributed worldwide, and they have been well-documented in clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Biflavonoids are the main active ingredients in Selaginella, and they have good biological and anti-tumor activities, which warrant extensive research. The promise of biflavonoids from Selaginella (SFB) in the field of cancer therapy is being realized thanks to new research that offers insights into the multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms and key signaling pathways. The pharmacological effects of SFB against various cancers in vitro and in vivo are reviewed in this review. In addition, the types and characteristics of biflavonoid structures are described in detail; we also provide a brief summary of the efforts to develop drug delivery systems or combinations to enhance the bioavailability of SFB monomers. In conclusion, SFB species have great potential to be developed as adjuvant or even primary therapeutic agents for cancer, with promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Sihui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qianping Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ze Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chaoqiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yongmei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Shaobin Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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