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Cheng L, Zhang L, Wang X, Wang Y, Yu J, Li M, Ma Z, Chi-Lui Ho P, Chen X, Wang L, Sethi G, Goh BC. Extracellular vesicles in the HCC microenvironment: Implications for therapy and biomarkers. Pharmacol Res 2024; 209:107419. [PMID: 39284428 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the sixth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally. Despite surgical resection being the preferred approach for early-stage HCC, most patients are diagnosed at intermediate to advanced stages, limiting treatment options to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which often yield poor outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), minute lipid-bilayered particles released by diverse cells under various physiological and pathological conditions, are crucial for mediating communication between cells. Mounting evidence indicates that EVs sourced from different cells can profoundly influence the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby affecting the progression of HCC. Given their immunogenicity and liver-targeting properties, these EVs not only hold promise for HCC treatment but also provide avenues for advancing early diagnostic methods and assessing prognosis. This review not only describes the function of EVs within the HCC tumor microenvironment but also analyzes their therapeutic advantages and explores their significance in various therapeutic approaches for HCC, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, combination therapy, and their role as innovative drug delivery carriers. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of EVs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou 434000, China; The Third Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Mengnan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Paul Chi-Lui Ho
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China.
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Boon-Cher Goh
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, 119228, Singapore
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2
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Jiang D, Nie H, Wang Z, Xiong Y, Shen H, Gao Y, Zhu X, Mao Z. Developing oxaliplatin and IL-15 Co-carried gels as drug depots to enable triple-interlocked combination therapy for colorectal cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:113996. [PMID: 38850745 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Chemo-immunotherapy, which involves the simultaneous use of chemotherapy drug and immunotherapeutic agent to achieve synergistic effects, plays a crucial role in cancer treatment. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment, insufficient tumor specificity, and serious systemic side effects hinder their synergistic therapeutic effects and clinical applications. Herein, T cell and natural killer (NK) cell, which are the most important immune effector cells, were both activated to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To simplify drug carriers, oxaliplatin was selected as the chemotherapy drug which can both induce the ICD effect and activate T cells. IL-15 was selected to activate NK cells. To enhance the productivity of the carrier and reduce side effects, the easy-prepared thermosensitive hydrogel (OXL/IL-15 TG) was developed to co-load oxaliplatin-loaded liposomes (OXL) and IL-15. Colorectal cancer, suitable for in situ administration, was selected as model cancer. The resulting novel triple-interlocked combination therapy could directly kill the tumor cells, induces ICD effect and activate NK cells. After administration, OXL/IL-15 TG was formed serving as a drug depot, slowing releasing OXL and IL-15 non-interferencely. OXL around 165.47±7.04 nm was passively delivered to tumor tissue, killing tumor cells and inducing ICD effect. The results demonstrated that IL-15 stimulated the activation of NK cells. In tumor-bearing mice models, OXL/IL-15 TG exhibited a remarkable and noteworthy anti-tumor efficacy, and expanded survival rate. Notably, OXL/IL-15 TG led to an enhanced infiltration of CD3+CD8+ T cells and CD3-CD49+ NK cells within the tumor tissue. Overall, the triple-interlocked combination therapy provided a new idea for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Haiqian Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ziang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuhan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Huimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Xiali Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Zhenkun Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China.
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3
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Muttiah B, Muhammad Fuad ND, Jaafar F, Abdullah NAH. Extracellular Vesicles in Ovarian Cancer: From Chemoresistance Mediators to Therapeutic Vectors. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1806. [PMID: 39200270 PMCID: PMC11351885 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with alarming projections indicating a 42% increase in new cases and a 51% rise in mortality by 2040. This review explores the challenges in OC treatment, focusing on chemoresistance mechanisms and the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug delivery agents. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, including cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, the high recurrence rate underscores the need for innovative approaches. Key resistance mechanisms include drug efflux, apoptosis disruption, enhanced DNA repair, cancer stem cells, immune evasion, and the complex tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular vesicles play crucial roles in modulating the tumor microenvironment and facilitating chemoresistance. EVs, naturally occurring nanovesicles, emerge as promising drug carriers due to their low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and inherent targeting capabilities. They have shown potential in delivering chemotherapeutics like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, as well as natural compounds such as curcumin and berry anthocyanidins, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in OC models. However, challenges such as low production yields, heterogeneity, rapid clearance, and inefficient drug loading methods need to be addressed for clinical application. Ongoing research aims to optimize EV production, loading efficiency, and targeting, paving the way for novel and more effective therapeutic strategies in OC treatment. Overcoming these obstacles is crucial to unlocking the full potential of EV-based therapies and improving outcomes for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barathan Muttiah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Dina Muhammad Fuad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Atiqah Haizum Abdullah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Zhou P, Ding X, Du X, Wang L, Zhang Y. Targeting Reprogrammed Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts with Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0050. [PMID: 39099892 PMCID: PMC11293949 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: As one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers, pancreatic cancer is highly associated with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that influence the development and progression of cancer. Targeted reprogramming of CAFs may be a promising strategy for pancreatic cancer. This study aims to construct engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) with surface modification of integrin α5 (ITGA5)-targeting peptide and high internal expression of miR-148a-3p by endogenous modification for targeted reprogramming of pancreatic CAFs. Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and pancreatic CAFs were cocultured to examine the effect of BMSC-derived EVs on the expression levels of CAF markers. miR-148a-3p was identified as a functional molecule. The mechanism of miR-148a-3p was elucidated using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. BMSCs were infected with TERT-encoding and miR-148a-3p-encoding lentiviruses. Subsequently, BMSCs were modified with ITGA5-specific targeting peptide. The supernatant was ultracentrifuged to obtain the engineered EVs (ITGA5-EVs-148a), which were used to reprogram CAFs. Results: BMSCs modulated CAF marker expressions through EVs. miR-148a-3p was up-regulated in BMSCs. The expression of miR-148a-3p in pancreatic CAFs was down-regulated when compared with that in normal fibroblasts (NFs). Mechanistically, ITGA5-EVs-148a effectively suppressed the proliferation and migration of pancreatic CAFs by targeting ITGA5 through the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. ITGA5-EVs-148a was associated with enhanced cellular uptake and exhibited enhanced in vitro and in vivo targeting ability. Moreover, ITGA5-EVs-148a exerted strong reconfiguration effects in inactivating CAFs and reversing tumor-promoting effects in 3D heterospheroid and xenograft pancreatic cancer models. Conclusions: This targeted CAF reprogramming strategy with genetically engineered ITGA5-EVs-148a holds great promise as a precision therapeutics in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhou
- School of Medicine,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Department of General Surgery,
Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xian’guang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM),
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuanlong Du
- School of Medicine,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM),
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center,
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
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Zmievskaya EA, Mukhametshin SA, Ganeeva IA, Gilyazova EM, Siraeva ET, Kutyreva MP, Khannanov AA, Yuan Y, Bulatov ER. Artificial Extracellular Vesicles Generated from T Cells Using Different Induction Techniques. Biomedicines 2024; 12:919. [PMID: 38672273 PMCID: PMC11048032 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is at the forefront of biomedicine in oncology and regenerative medicine. However, there are still significant challenges to their wider clinical application such as limited efficacy, side effects, and logistical difficulties. One of the potential approaches that could overcome these problems is based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a cell-free therapy modality. One of the major obstacles in the translation of EVs into practice is their low yield of production, which is insufficient to achieve therapeutic amounts. Here, we evaluated two primary approaches of artificial vesicle induction in primary T cells and the SupT1 cell line-cytochalasin B as a chemical inducer and ultrasonication as a physical inducer. We found that both methods are capable of producing artificial vesicles, but cytochalasin B induction leads to vesicle yield compared to natural secretion, while ultrasonication leads to a three-fold increase in particle yield. Cytochalasin B induces the formation of vesicles full of cytoplasmic compartments without nuclear fraction, while ultrasonication induces the formation of particles rich in membranes and membrane-related components such as CD3 or HLAII proteins. The most effective approach for T-cell induction in terms of the number of vesicles seems to be the combination of anti-CD3/CD28 antibody activation with ultrasonication, which leads to a seven-fold yield increase in particles with a high content of functionally important proteins (CD3, granzyme B, and HLA II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Zmievskaya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Sabir A. Mukhametshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Irina A. Ganeeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvina M. Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvira T. Siraeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marianna P. Kutyreva
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Artur A. Khannanov
- A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Youyong Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Emil R. Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Xue K, Mi B. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2377-2393. [PMID: 38469058 PMCID: PMC10926925 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) present a formidable global health challenge, characterized by a deficiency of effective treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), recognized as multifunctional drug delivery systems in biomedicine, have gained accumulative interest. Specifically, engineered EVs have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for targeted drug delivery, potentially addressing the complexities of CKD management. In this review, we systematically dissect EVs, elucidating their classification, biogenesis, composition, and cargo molecules. Furthermore, we explore techniques for EV engineering and strategies for their precise renal delivery, focusing on cargo loading and transportation, providing a comprehensive perspective. Moreover, this review also discusses and summarizes the diverse therapeutic applications of engineered EVs in CKD, emphasizing their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, renoprotective, and tissue-regenerating effects. It critically evaluates the challenges and limitations in translating EV therapies from laboratory settings to clinical applications, while outlining future prospects and emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaming Xue
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Sun F, Sun Y, Wang X, Zhu J, Chen S, Yu Y, Zhu M, Xu W, Qian H. Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles for diabetic retinopathy therapy through HIF-1α/EZH2/PGC-1α pathway. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:444-459. [PMID: 38076648 PMCID: PMC10697990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide with limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) hold promise as a cell-free therapy for retinal diseases. In this study, we present evidence that the intravitreal injection of MSC-sEVs improved retinal function and alleviated retinal apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in both db/db mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mechanistically, hyperglycemia-induced activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibited the tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), ultimately resulting in the downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) through EZH2-induced methylation modification. The presence of miR-5068 and miR-10228 in MSC-sEVs targeted the HIF-1α/EZH2/PGC-1α pathway. The blockade of miR-5068 and miR-10228 abolished the retinal therapeutic effects of MSC-sEVs. Additionally, we engineered MSC-sEVs with elevated levels of miR-5068 and miR-10228 to enhance retinal repair efficiency. Together, our findings provide novel insights into the mechanism underlying DR progress and highlight the potential of MSC-sEVs, especially engineered MSC-sEVs, as a therapeutic option for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuntong Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Junyan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenyuan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Tsakiri M, Tsichlis I, Zivko C, Demetzos C, Mahairaki V. Lipidic Nanoparticles, Extracellular Vesicles and Hybrid Platforms as Advanced Medicinal Products: Future Therapeutic Prospects for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:350. [PMID: 38543244 PMCID: PMC10975844 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, affect a wide variety of the population and pose significant challenges with progressive and irreversible neural cell loss. The limitations of brain-targeting therapies and the unclear molecular mechanisms driving neurodegeneration hamper the possibility of developing successful treatment options. Thus, nanoscale drug delivery platforms offer a promising solution. This paper explores and compares lipidic nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and hybrid liposomal-EV nanoplatforms as advanced approaches for targeted delivery to combat neurodegeneration. Lipidic nanoparticles are well-characterized platforms that allow multi-drug loading and scalable production. Conversely, EVs offer the ability of selectively targeting specific tissues and high biocompatibility. The combination of these two platforms in one could lead to promising results in the treatment of neurodegeneration. However, many issues, such as the regulatory framework, remain to be solved before these novel products are translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsakiri
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.); (C.D.)
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Ioannis Tsichlis
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Cristina Zivko
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Vasiliki Mahairaki
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer’s Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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9
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Yang S, Zheng B, Raza F, Zhang S, Yuan WE, Su J, Qiu M. Tumor-derived microvesicles for cancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1131-1150. [PMID: 38284828 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01980b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles with lipid bilayer structures shed from the plasma membrane of cells. Microvesicles (MVs) are a subset of EVs containing proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other metabolites. MVs can be produced under specific cell stimulation conditions and isolated by modern separation technology. Due to their tumor homing and large volume, tumor cell-derived microvesicles (TMVs) have attracted interest recently and become excellent delivery carriers for therapeutic vaccines, imaging agents or antitumor drugs. However, preparing sufficient and high-purity TMVs and conducting clinical transformation has become a challenge in this field. In this review, the recent research achievements in the generation, isolation, characterization, modification, and application of TMVs in cancer therapy are reviewed, and the challenges facing therapeutic applications are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shulei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-En Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeuti c Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Bandini S, Ulivi P, Rossi T. Extracellular Vesicles, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Hints and Promises. Cells 2024; 13:337. [PMID: 38391950 PMCID: PMC10887032 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, in particular lung cancer, while the introduction of predictive biomarkers from liquid biopsies has emerged as a promising tool to achieve an effective and personalized therapy response. Important progress has also been made in the molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), highlighting their tremendous potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment, acting on immunomodulatory pathways, and setting up the pre-metastatic niche. Surface antigens on EVs and CTCs have proved to be particularly useful in the case of the characterization of potential immune escape mechanisms through the expression of immunosuppressive ligands or the transport of cargos that may mitigate the antitumor immune function. On the other hand, novel approaches, to increase the expression of immunostimulatory molecules or cargo contents that can enhance the immune response, offer premium options in combinatorial clinical strategies for precision immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the identification of immune checkpoints using EVs and CTCs, their potential applications as predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, and their prospective use as innovative clinical tools, considering that CTCs have already been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use, but providing good reasons to intensify the research on both.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (S.B.); (T.R.)
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11
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Yang B, Lin Y, Huang Y, Zhu N, Shen YQ. Extracellular vesicles modulate key signalling pathways in refractory wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad039. [PMID: 38026441 PMCID: PMC10654481 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are wounds that cannot heal properly due to various factors, such as underlying diseases, infection or reinjury, and improper healing of skin wounds and ulcers can cause a serious economic burden. Numerous studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem/progenitor cells promote wound healing, reduce scar formation and have significant advantages over traditional treatment methods. EVs are membranous particles that carry various bioactive molecules from their cellular origins, such as cytokines, nucleic acids, enzymes, lipids and proteins. EVs can mediate cell-to-cell communication and modulate various physiological processes, such as cell differentiation, angiogenesis, immune response and tissue remodelling. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in EV-based wound healing, focusing on the signalling pathways that are regulated by EVs and their cargos. We discuss how EVs derived from different types of stem/progenitor cells can promote wound healing and reduce scar formation by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor β and JAK-STAT pathways. Moreover, we also highlight the challenges and opportunities for engineering or modifying EVs to enhance their efficacy and specificity for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nanxi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
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12
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Joo HS, Suh JH, So CM, Jeon HJ, Yoon SH, Lee JM. Emerging Roles of Using Small Extracellular Vesicles as an Anti-Cancer Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14063. [PMID: 37762393 PMCID: PMC10531913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. Tumor-cell-derived sEVs contain biomolecules that can be utilized for cancer diagnosis. sEVs can directly exert tumor-killing effects or modulate the tumor microenvironment, leading to anti-cancer effects. In this review, the application of sEVs as a diagnostic tool, drug delivery system, and active pharmaceutical ingredient for cancer therapy will be highlighted. The therapeutic efficacies of sEVs will be compared to conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors. Additionally, this review will provide strategies for sEV engineering to enhance the therapeutic efficacies of sEVs. As a bench-to-bedside application, we will discuss approaches to encourage good-manufacturing-practice-compliant industrial-scale manufacturing and purification of sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jung Min Lee
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, 558 Handong-ro, Buk-gu, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea
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13
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Sall IM, Flaviu TA. Plant and mammalian-derived extracellular vesicles: a new therapeutic approach for the future. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1215650. [PMID: 37781539 PMCID: PMC10534050 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1215650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, extracellular vesicles have been recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication through the transfer of active biomolecules (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) across the plant and animal kingdoms and have considerable roles in several physiological and pathological mechanisms, showing great promise as new therapeutic strategies for a variety of pathologies. Methods: In this study, we carefully reviewed the numerous articles published over the last few decades on the general knowledge of extracellular vesicles, their application in the therapy of various pathologies, and their prospects as an approach for the future. Results: The recent discovery and characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of diverse origins and biogenesis have altered the current paradigm of intercellular communication, opening up new diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Research into these EVs released by plant and mammalian cells has revealed their involvement in a number of physiological and pathological mechanisms, such as embryonic development, immune response, tissue regeneration, and cancer. They are also being studied as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and vectors for drug delivery. Conclusion: Nanovesicles represent powerful tools for intercellular communication and the transfer of bioactive molecules. Their molecular composition and functions can vary according to their origin (plant and mammalian), so their formation, composition, and biological roles open the way to therapeutic applications in a variety of pathologies, which is arousing growing interest in the scientific community. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03608631.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tabaran Alexandru Flaviu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Lee KS, Park JY, Jeong YJ, Lee MS. The Fatal Role of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli Shiga Toxin-associated Extracellular Vesicles in Host Cells. J Microbiol 2023; 61:715-727. [PMID: 37665555 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a specific subset of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains that are characterized by their ability to cause bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis) and potentially life-threatening, extraintestinal complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which is associated with acute renal failure., contributing to severe clinical outcomes. The Shiga toxins (Stxs), produced by EHEC, are primary virulence factors. These potent cytotoxins are composed of one enzymatically active A subunit (StxA) and five receptor-binding B subunits (StxB). Although the toxins are primarily associated with cytotoxic effects, they also elicit other pathogenic consequences due to their induction of a number of biological processes, including apoptosis through ER-stress, pro-inflammatory responses, autophagy, and post-translational modification (PTM). Moreover, several studies have reported the association between Stxs and extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, demonstrating that Stx-containing EVs secreted by intoxicated macrophages are taken up by recipient cells, such as toxin-sensitive renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. This mechanism likely contributes to the spreading of Stxs within the host, and may exacerbate gastrointestinal illnesses and kidney dysfunction. In this review, we summarize recent findings relating to the host responses, in different types of cells in vitro and in animal models, mediated by Stxs-containing exosomes. Due to their unique properties, EVs have been explored as therapeutic agents, drug delivery systems, and diagnostic tools. Thus, potential therapeutic applications of EVs in EHEC Stxs-mediated pathogenesis are also briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Soo Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Han P, Moran CS, Liu C, Griffiths R, Zhou Y, Ivanovski S. Engineered adult stem cells: Current clinical trials status of disease treatment. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:33-62. [PMID: 37678978 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is an interdisciplinary field involving the process of replacing and regenerating cells/tissues or organs by integrating medicine, science, and engineering principles to enhance the intrinsic regenerative capacity of the host. Recently, engineered adult stem cells have gained attention for their potential use in regenerative medicine by reducing inflammation and modulating the immune system. This chapter introduces adult stem cell engineering and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T) gene therapy and summarises current engineered stem cell- and extracellular vesicles (EVs)-focused clinical trial studies that provide the basis for the proposal of a personalised medicine approach to diseases diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Han
- Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Corey Stephan Moran
- Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Yinghong Zhou
- Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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16
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Cieślik M, Bryniarski K, Nazimek K. Biodelivery of therapeutic extracellular vesicles: should mononuclear phagocytes always be feared? Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1211833. [PMID: 37476156 PMCID: PMC10354279 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1211833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered key candidates for cell-free therapies, including treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases. However, their therapeutic effectiveness, dependent on proper targeting to the desired cells, is significantly limited due to the reduced bioavailability resulting from their rapid clearance by the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Thus, developing strategies to avoid EV elimination is essential when applying them in clinical practice. On the other hand, malfunctioning MPS contributes to various immune-related pathologies. Therapeutic reversal of these effects with EVs would be beneficial and could be achieved, for example, by modulating the macrophage phenotype or regulating antigen presentation by dendritic cells. Additionally, intended targeting of EVs to MPS macrophages for replication and repackaging of their molecules into new vesicle subtype can allow for their specific targeting to appropriate populations of acceptor cells. Herein, we briefly discuss the under-explored aspects of the MPS-EV interactions that undoubtedly require further research in order to accelerate the therapeutic use of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katarzyna Nazimek
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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17
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Zheng W, Zhu T, Tang L, Li Z, Jiang G, Huang X. Inhalable CAR-T cell-derived exosomes as paclitaxel carriers for treating lung cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:383. [PMID: 37308954 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a worldwide health threat with high annual morbidity and mortality. Chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel (PTX) have been widely applied clinically. However, systemic toxicity due to the non-specific circulation of PTX often leads to multi-organ damage, including to the liver and kidney. Thus, it is necessary to develop a novel strategy to enhance the targeted antitumor effects of PTX. METHODS Here, we engineered exosomes derived from T cells expressing the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-Exos), which targeted mesothelin (MSLN)-expressing Lewis lung cancer (MSLN-LLC) through the anti-MSLN single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of CAR-Exos. PTX was encapsulated into CAR-Exos (PTX@CAR-Exos) and administered via inhalation to an orthotopic lung cancer mouse model. RESULTS Inhaled PTX@CAR-Exos accumulated within the tumor area, reduced tumor size, and prolonged survival with little toxicity. In addition, PTX@CAR-Exos reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment and reversed the immunosuppression, which was attributed to infiltrating CD8+ T cells and elevated IFN-γ and TNF-α levels. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a nanovesicle-based delivery platform to promote the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs with fewer side effects. This novel strategy may ameliorate the present obstacles to the clinical treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianchuan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Lantian Tang
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Foshan Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanmin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Zheng J, Yang N, Wan Y, Cheng W, Zhang G, Yu S, Yang B, Liu X, Chen X, Ding X, Wu L, Yu X. Celastrol-loaded biomimetic nanodrug ameliorates APAP-induced liver injury through modulating macrophage polarization. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00109-023-02321-8. [PMID: 37129620 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major concern in clinical treatment as well as postmarketing surveillance, showing an urgent requirement for the development of protective medications. Celastrol (Cel), a highly active natural product extracted from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii, has a potential liver protective activity due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the further application of Cel to DILI remains a challenge because of its short half-life, low solubility, and toxic side effects. Herein, we developed a Cel-loaded biomimetic nanodrug based on erythrocyte membrane vesicles (EMV) for protecting the liver from acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. The Cel-loaded EMV (C-EMV) with lower cytotoxicity had a well-sustained release effect and exhibited excellent ability for liver accumulation under physiological and pathological conditions. By suppressing the inflammatory response of pro-inflammatory macrophage M1 polarization while stimulating anti-inflammatory macrophage M2 polarization, C-EMV could significantly alleviate the primary pathological manifestations related to liver injury, including aberrant elevation of biochemical indicators, histopathological alterations, neutrophil infiltration as well as hepatocyte DNA fragmentation. The macrophage depletion experiment further demonstrated that the protective effect of C-EMV on APAP-induced liver injury appeared to be dependent on hepatic macrophages. Therefore, C-EMV as a biomimetic nanodrug exhibits great potential for attenuating the progress of DILI, providing a new approach to protecting the liver from DILI as well as other liver inflammatory diseases through a targeted nanodelivery system. KEY MESSAGES: EMV biomimetic nanocarrier has good monodispersity and sustained-release property. EMV biomimetic nanocarrier displays excellent liver-targeting capability under physiological and pathological conditions. C-EMV biomimetic nanodrug with lower cytotoxicity regulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. C-EMV biomimetic nanodrug can significantly alleviate APAP-induced liver injury. The protective effect of C-EMV on APAP-induced liver injury is dependent on hepatic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yingying Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wenjing Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Shi Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Baoye Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xingyan Chen
- Tong Ji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueliang Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ling Wu
- The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
| | - Xiang Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
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19
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Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Pantham D, Sacchetti S, Rolla R, Grattarola M, Monge C, Pizzimenti S, Dianzani U, Dianzani C, Battaglia L. Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:937. [PMID: 36986798 PMCID: PMC10057931 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined treatments, and should be increasingly integrated in multimodal combination therapy regimens. The goal of this manuscript is to provide better understanding and key considerations for developing new combined nanomedicines and nanotheranostics. We will clarify the potential of combined nanomedicine strategies that are designed to target different steps of the cancer growth as well as its microenvironment and immunity interactions. Moreover, we will describe relevant experiments in animal models and discuss issues raised by translation in the human setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Casimiro Luca Gigliotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Deepika Pantham
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Sacchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Margherita Grattarola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Monge
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
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20
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Single-particle assessment of six different drug-loading strategies for incorporating doxorubicin into small extracellular vesicles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1287-1298. [PMID: 35945289 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as an attractive drug delivery system owing to their natural roles in intercellular communication. On account of the large intrinsic heterogeneity of EVs, it is highly desirable to evaluate not only the encapsulation efficiency but also the alteration of biological functionality after the drug-loading process at the single-particle level. However, the nanoscale size of EVs poses a great challenge. Taking advantage of nano-flow cytometry (nFCM) in the multiparameter analysis of single EVs as small as 40 nm, six commonly used drug-loading strategies (coincubation, electroporation, extrusion, freeze-thawing, sonication, and surfactant treatment) were exploited by employing doxorubicin (Dox) as the model drug. Encapsulation ratio, EV concentration, drug content, and membrane proteins of Dox-loaded EVs were measured at the single-particle level. Our data indicated that coincubation and electroporation outperformed other methods with an encapsulation ratio of approximately 45% and a higher Dox content in single EVs. Interestingly, the labeling ratios of membrane proteins indicated that varying degrees of damage to the surface proteins of EVs occurred upon extrusion, freeze-thawing, sonication, and surfactant treatment. Confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis revealed that Dox-loaded EVs prepared by electroporation induced the strongest apoptosis followed by coincubation. These results correlated well with their cellular uptake rate and fundamentally with the Dox encapsulation efficiency of single EVs. nFCM provides a rapid and sensitive platform for single-particle assessment of drug-loading strategies for incorporating drugs into EVs.
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21
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Xiao G, Xu Z, Luo F. Combinational antitumor strategies of exosomes as drug carriers: Mini review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1107329. [PMID: 36744207 PMCID: PMC9897293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1107329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapies have made tremendous progress in the last decade, but monotherapy still has apparent limitations and lacks therapeutic efficacy. Thus, the simultaneous administration of multiple drugs has been widely explored and has shown better outcomes. Exosomes, deriving from almost all living cells, are natural nanocarriers designed to deliver drugs to tumor sites. Therefore, combinational antitumor therapies based on exosomes, such as engineered exosomes and different combinations of chemotherapeutic agents, therapeutic nucleic acids, photosensitizers, immunotherapy and phytochemicals, have considerable prospects and potential for clinical translation. Here, we summarize current strategies of cancer combination therapy in exosomes and propose opportunities and challenges in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiu Xiao
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Feng Luo,
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22
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Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages for Imaging. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010144. [PMID: 36678773 PMCID: PMC9866064 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important component of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) occupy a significant niche in tumor margin aggregation and respond to changes in the TIME. Thus, targeting TAMs is important for tumor monitoring, surgical guidance and efficacy evaluation. Continuously developing nanoprobes and imaging agents paves the way toward targeting TAMs for precise imaging and diagnosis. This review summarizes the commonly used nanomaterials for TAM targeting imaging probes, including metal-based nanoprobes (iron, manganese, gold, silver), fluorine-19-based nanoprobes, radiolabeled agents, near-infrared fluorescence dyes and ultrasonic nanobubbles. Additionally, the prospects and challenges of designing nanomaterials for imaging and diagnosis (targeting efficiency, pharmacokinetics, and surgery guidance) are described in this review. Notwithstanding, TAM-targeting nanoplatforms provide great potential for imaging, diagnosis and therapy with a greater possibility of clinical transformation.
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Percivalle NM, Carofiglio M, Conte M, Rosso G, Bentivogli A, Mesiano G, Vighetto V, Cauda V. Artificial and Naturally Derived Phospholipidic Bilayers as Smart Coatings of Solid-State Nanoparticles: Current Works and Perspectives in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415815. [PMID: 36555455 PMCID: PMC9779745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in nanomedicine toward cancer treatment have considered exploiting liposomes and extracellular vesicles as effective cargos to deliver therapeutic agents to tumor cells. Meanwhile, solid-state nanoparticles are continuing to attract interest for their great medical potential thanks to their countless properties and possible applications. However, possible drawbacks arising from the use of nanoparticles in nanomedicine, such as the nonspecific uptake of these materials in healthy organs, their aggregation in biological environments and their possible immunogenicity, must be taken into account. Considering these limitations and the intrinsic capability of phospholipidic bilayers to act as a biocompatible shield, their exploitation for effectively encasing solid-state nanoparticles seems a promising strategy to broaden the frontiers of cancer nanomedicine, also providing the possibility to engineer the lipid bilayers to further enhance the therapeutic potential of such nanotools. This work aims to give a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the use of artificial liposomes and naturally derived extracellular vesicles for the coating of solid-state nanoparticles for cancer treatment, starting from in vitro works until the up-to-date advances and current limitations of these nanopharmaceutics in clinical applications, passing through in vivo and 3D cultures studies.
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Wu Y, Chen W, Guo M, Tan Q, Zhou E, Deng J, Li M, Chen J, Yang Z, Jin Y. Metabolomics of Extracellular Vesicles: A Future Promise of Multiple Clinical Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6113-6129. [PMID: 36514377 PMCID: PMC9741837 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s390378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can contain DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolic molecules from primary origins; they are coated with a phospholipid bilayer membrane and released by cells into the extracellular matrix. EVs can be obtained from various body liquids, including the blood, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. As has been proved, EVs-mediated transfer of biologically active molecules is crucial for various physiological and pathological processes. Extensive investigations have already begun to explore the diagnosis and prognosis potentials for EVs. Furthermore, research has continued to recognize the critical role of nucleic acids and proteins in EVs. However, our understanding of the comprehensive effects of metabolites in these nanoparticles is currently limited and in its infancy. Therefore, we have attempted to summarize the recent research into the metabolomics of EVs in relation to potential clinical applications and discuss the problems and challenges that have occurred, to provide more guidance for the future development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaLi Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - WenJuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengfei Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - E Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minglei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangbin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zimo Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases in Hubei Province, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yang Jin, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, Email
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