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Monteiro I, Brito L, Pereira MG. Burden and quality of life of family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: the role of forgiveness as a coping strategy. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1003-1010. [PMID: 38425032 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2320138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the variables that were associated, contributed and moderated quality of life (QoL) and burden in family caregivers. METHODS A total of 130 participants were evaluated using the following instruments: Depression, Anxiety and Distress Scale; Index of Family Relations; Heartland Forgiveness Scale; Burden Interview Scale; Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS Being a younger caregiver, less distress, better family relationships and greater use of forgiveness were associated with more QoL. Also, family caregivers who chosethe caregiving role, less distress, better family relationships and greater use of forgiveness showed lower levels of burden. Age, distress and forgiveness contributed to QoL. In turn, the choice to become a family caregiver, distress, and forgiveness contributed to burden. Forgiveness played a moderating role in the relationship between family relationships and burden. CONCLUSION Based on the results, there is a need to intervene in older family caregivers, particularly those who did not choose to become a caregiver, who report greater distress, have worse family relationships, and display less use of forgiveness, in order to decrease their burden and promote QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Monteiro
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Laura Brito
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - M Graça Pereira
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Kostopoulou S, Varveri AP, Nikoloudi M, Tsilika E, Parpa E, Zygogianni A, Mystakidou K. Exploring the occurrence and the risk factors of the desire for hastened death and depression in people with early-stage dementia in Greece. Palliat Support Care 2024; 22:265-273. [PMID: 37427608 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951523001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the factors associated with desire for hastened death and depression in early-stage dementia as well as the association between them. Also, to explore the mediator and moderator role of age in the relationship between depression and desire for hasten death. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study including 100 patients diagnosed with early-stage dementia from a rehabilitation center between December 2018 and July 2019. Measurement tools used were the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Greek Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Greek Schedule of Attitudes toward Hastened Death, and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 item. Patients diagnosed with dementia as a result of Stroke history were excluded. RESULTS Factors of multifactorial analysis significantly associated with desire for hastened death were as follows: age (p = 0.009), marital status (p = 0.001), and depression (p < 0.001). The factor significantly associated with depression was age (p = 0.001). Also, a mediation/moderation analysis has shown that depression and age are significant predictors of desire for hasten death. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The desire for hastened death and depression in people diagnosed with early-stage dementia includes many components. Younger patients, men, higher educated patients, single, childless, and those with higher depression scores had higher desire for hastened death, while men and older patients had higher scores of desire for depression. Our study provides important information about the desire for hastened death and depression in early-stage dementia, their risk factors, and their association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Kostopoulou
- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Nikoloudi
- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Tsilika
- Health Psychologist, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Efi Parpa
- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Zygogianni
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Mystakidou
- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Donath C, Pendergrass A, Gräßel E. [Staying Healthy While Caregiving at Home? Risk and Protective Factors for Dysfunctional Coping in Family Caregivers]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2023. [PMID: 36878309 DOI: 10.1055/a-1984-8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Germany, 3.3 million people in need of care are cared for at home. More than half (54%) of informal caregivers estimate their own stress as high or very high [1]. Coping strategies, including dysfunctional ones, are used to cope with stress. These bear the risk of negative health consequences. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of dysfunctional coping strategies among informal caregivers and to identify protective and risk factors for these unfavorable coping mechanisms. METHODS A cross-sectional study with N=961 interviewed informal caregivers in Bavaria was conducted in 2020. Dysfunctional coping strategies (substance use and abandonment/avoidance) were assessed. Additionally, subjective stress, positive aspects of caregiving, caregiving motives, characteristics of the caregiving situation as well as caregivers' cognitive evaluation of the care situation and their subjective assessment of available resources (based on the Transactional Stress Model) were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the frequency of dysfunctional coping behavior. Linear regressions were run, after statistical precondition testing, to investigate which predictors can be identified for dysfunctional coping. RESULTS 14.7% of respondents reported using alcohol or other substances at least some of the time in difficult situations, and 47.4% of respondents had given up dealing with the care situation. Subjective caregiver burden (p<0.001), the motive to care out of obligation (p=0.035), and resources for manageability of the caregiving situation rated as insufficient (p=0.029) were identified as risk factors for dysfunctional coping in a significant overall model with medium fit (F (10)=16.776; p<0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Dysfunctional coping concerning the stress related to the caregiving situation is not uncommon. The most promising target for intervention is subjective caregiver burden. This is known to be reduced by the use of formal and informal help [2, 3]. However, this requires overcoming the problem of low rates of use of counseling and other support services [4]. Newer digital promising approaches to this are being developed [5, 6].
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Donath
- Bereich Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Erlangen
| | - Anna Pendergrass
- Bereich Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Erlangen
| | - Elmar Gräßel
- Bereich Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Erlangen
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Arnstein P, Shade M, Herr KA, Young HM, Fishman SM. Managing Older Adults' Chronic Pain: Lower-Risk Interventions. Am J Nurs 2023; 123:46-52. [PMID: 36698362 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000919740.00088.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home. This new group of articles provides practical information nurses can share with family caregivers of persons living with pain. To use this series, nurses should read the articles first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers. Then they can refer caregivers to the informational tear sheet-Information for Family Caregivers-and instructional videos, encouraging them to ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Arnstein
- Paul Arnstein is a professor in the School of Nursing at the MGH Institute of Health Professions in Boston. Marcia Shade is an assistant professor in the College of Nursing at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. Keela A. Herr is the Kelting Professor in Nursing, associate dean for faculty, and codirector of the Csomay Center for Gerontological Excellence in the College of Nursing at the University of Iowa in Iowa City. Heather M. Young is a professor and founding dean emerita in the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing at the University of California Davis in Sacramento, and national director of the Betty Irene Moore Fellowship for Nurse Leaders and Innovators. Scott M. Fishman is a professor, the Fullerton Endowed Chair in Pain Medicine, and executive vice chair in the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at the University of California Davis School of Medicine in Sacramento, where he is also director of the Center for Advancing Pain Relief. This work was funded by the Mayday Fund and the Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. Foundation. Contact author: Paul Arnstein, . The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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Barrera-Caballero S, Romero-Moreno R, Vara-García C, Márquez-González M, Olazarán J, Losada-Baltar A. Cognitive fusion and distress in family caregivers: the role of satisfaction with personal values. Aging Ment Health 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36165229 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2126432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: cognitive fusion (the tendency towards behavior that is overly regulated and influenced by cognition) and dissatisfaction with personal values are central processes of psychological inflexibility and are related to distress. Being cognitively fused may interfere with achieving satisfaction from personal values. This study analyzed the role of satisfaction with the value of caregiving and other personal values (e.g. personal growth) in the relationship between cognitive fusion and caregivers' distress.Method: a total of 287 dementia family caregivers participated in this quantitative study carried out in Madrid, Spain, from January 2016 to February 2020. We measured sociodemographic and stressor variables, cognitive fusion, caregivers' satisfaction with values and depressive and anxiety symptoms. The indirect effect of cognitive fusion on distress through caregivers' satisfaction with caregiving value and with other personal values was tested. Four hierarchical regression models were analyzed: the role of satisfaction with the caregiving value in the association between cognitive fusion and depressive (Model 1a) and anxiety (Model 1b) symptoms; and the role of satisfaction with other personal values in the association between cognitive fusion and depressive (Model 2a) and anxiety (Model 2b) symptoms.Results: the results showed an indirect effect of cognitive fusion on both depressive and anxiety symptoms only through satisfaction with other personal values. Those reporting higher cognitive fusion reported lower satisfaction with other personal values, and this association was related to higher scores in depressive and anxiety symptoms (Models 2a and 2b).Conclusion: cognitive fusion could be a variable that interferes in obtaining satisfaction from personal values, something that increases caregivers' distress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Romero-Moreno
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vara-García
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Márquez-González
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Olazarán
- Service of Neurology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Pangaribuan SM, Lin YK, Lin MF, Chang HJ. Mediating Effects of Coping Strategies on the Relationship Between Mental Health and Quality of Life Among Indonesian Female Migrant Workers in Taiwan. J Transcult Nurs 2021; 33:178-189. [PMID: 34784809 DOI: 10.1177/10436596211057289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health is a major concern among migrant workers worldwide. More than 200,846 female migrant workers in Taiwan are from Indonesia. The study's purpose was to investigate mediating effects of coping strategies on the relationship between mental health problems and the quality of life (QoL). METHOD This cross-sectional study was conducted in Taiwan. In total, 500 Indonesian female migrant workers completed four questionnaires. A mediation test was conducted to estimate direct and indirect effects. RESULTS Coping strategies, namely substance use, behavioral disengagement, denial, and religious dedication, partially mediated the relationship between mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress) and QoL among Indonesian female migrant workers in Taiwan. DISCUSSION Health promotion programs should be developed for Indonesian female migrant workers in Taiwan to help them detect and overcome their mental health problems. Interventions that facilitate effective coping strategies should be administered to improve their QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Mei-Feng Lin
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ju Chang
- College of Nursing, Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Han A, Kim TH, Hong H. A factorial randomized controlled trial to examine separate and combined effects of a simulation-based empathy enhancement program and a lecture-based education program on family caregivers of people with dementia. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1930-1940. [PMID: 32426989 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1768214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was a 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial that examined if a simulation-based empathy enhancement program and a lecture-based education program, together or separately, improved outcomes of family caregivers of people with dementia. METHOD A total of 101 participants were randomly assigned to simulation-based education only, lecture-based education only, simulation-based education plus lecture-based education, or treatment as usual. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of covariance while controlling for pretest results, kinship, and gender. RESULTS Statistically significant interaction effects between the simulation program and the lecture program were found in the levels of well-being and helplessness. The lecture program accompanied by the simulation program led to higher level of well-being in terms of happiness and lower level of helplessness than the lecture program alone. Caregivers with the lecture program provided led to less frequent use of dysfunctional coping strategies than those with no lecture program provided. Caregivers with the simulation program provided led to more frequent use of emotion-focused coping strategies than those with no simulation program provided. CONCLUSIONS Findings of the present study support benefits of combined of and separate simulation-based and lecture-based programs on family caregivers of people with dementia in important outcomes affecting quality of care and quality of lives in families of people with dementia. Further studies are needed to identify intervention components that can improve empathy of family caregivers of people with dementia and be embedded into a multicomponent program tailored better to families in different needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areum Han
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Hong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
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Yuan Q, Wang P, Tan TH, Devi F, Poremski D, Magadi H, Goveas R, Ng LL, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Coping Patterns Among Primary Informal Dementia Caregivers in Singapore and Its Impact on Caregivers-Implications of a Latent Class Analysis. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 61:680-692. [PMID: 32592582 PMCID: PMC8276612 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Existing studies typically explore the factor structure of coping strategies among dementia caregivers. However, this approach overlooks the fact that caregivers often use different coping strategies simultaneously. This study aims to explore the coping patterns of primary informal dementia caregivers in Singapore, examine their significant correlates, and investigate whether different patterns would affect the depressive symptoms of caregivers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two hundred eighty-one primary informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) were assessed. Coping strategies were measured by the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced inventory. A latent class analysis was performed to explore caregivers' coping patterns, followed by logistic regressions to identify the significant correlates and the relationships between coping patterns and caregiver depression. RESULTS The latent class analysis suggested a three-class solution that was featured by the frequency and variety of coping strategies used by caregivers-high coping (36.3%), medium coping (37.7%), and low coping (26.0%). Factors influencing the coping patterns of our sample were mainly related to caregivers' individual resources such as personal characteristics and caregiving stressors like PWD's problematic behaviors and caregiving burden. Compared to caregivers in the low coping group, those in the medium coping group had significantly higher risks of potential depression. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The current study confirmed that there are distinct coping patterns among primary informal dementia caregivers, and caregivers with the low coping pattern had fewer depressive symptoms. Future research is needed to explore if coping patterns from our sample are generalizable to dementia caregivers elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Tee Hng Tan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Daniel Poremski
- Department of Clinical Governance and Quality, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Harish Magadi
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Richard Goveas
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Li Ling Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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Durepos P, Akhtar-Danesh N, Ploeg J, Sussman T, Kaasalainen S. Caring ahead: Mixed methods development of a questionnaire to measure caregiver preparedness for end-of-life with dementia. Palliat Med 2021; 35:768-784. [PMID: 33619975 PMCID: PMC8022086 DOI: 10.1177/0269216321994732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family caregivers of persons with dementia often feel unprepared for end-of-life and preparedness predicts caregiver outcomes in bereavement. Existing questionnaires assessing preparedness have limitations. A multi-dimensional questionnaire assessing family caregiver preparedness for the end-of-life of persons with dementia is needed to identify caregivers at risk for negative outcomes in bereavement and evaluate the quality of strategies within a palliative approach. AIM To develop a multi-dimensional questionnaire titled 'Caring Ahead' to assess feelings of preparedness for end-of-life in family caregivers of persons with dementia. DESIGN A mixed methods, sequential design employed semi-structured interviews, a Delphi-survey and pilot-testing of the questionnaire, June 2018 to July 2019. SETTING/POPULATION Participants included five current and 16 bereaved family caregivers of persons with symptoms advanced dementia from long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada; and 12 professional experts from clinical and academic settings in Canada, Europe, United States. RESULTS Interviews generated three core concepts and 114 indicators of preparedness sampling cognitive, affective and behavioural traits in four domains (i.e., medical, psychosocial, spiritual, practical). Indicators were translated and reduced to a pool of 73 potential questionnaire items. 30-items were selected to create the 'Caring Ahead' preparedness questionnaire through a Delphi-survey. Items were revised through a pilot-test with cognitive interviewing. CONCLUSIONS Family caregivers' feelings of preparedness for end-of-life need to be assessed and the quality of strategies within a palliative approach evaluated. Future psychometric testing of the Caring Ahead questionnaire will evaluate evidence for validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Durepos
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Noori Akhtar-Danesh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jenny Ploeg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Aging, Community and Health Research Unit, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tamara Sussman
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, QB, Canada
| | - Sharon Kaasalainen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Kyei-Arthur F, Codjoe SNA. "Caring for the Elderly is Very Difficult": Challenges and Coping Strategies of Caregivers in Urban Poor Accra, Ghana. Clin Nurs Res 2020; 30:662-669. [PMID: 33322944 DOI: 10.1177/1054773820982307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study is part of a broader phenomenological study on the experiences of family caregivers and their care recipients. There is a general paucity of research on the experiences of primary and secondary caregivers, and the negative impact of elderly care on caregivers in the urban poor settings in Ghana. This study explored primary and secondary caregivers' challenges and coping strategies in the urban poor context in Accra, Ghana. This study was conducted in Ga Mashie. Thirty-one caregivers were interviewed. A phenomenological analysis was conducted using NVivo 10. Primary and secondary caregivers experienced economic, physical, social, and psychological burdens. Also, caregivers used spirituality and perseverance to cope with their challenges. The findings demonstrate that caregivers' challenges varied by type of caregiver. Researchers and policymakers should consider the type of caregiver when designing interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of family caregiving on caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Kyei-Arthur
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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Jiang ZQ, Zhou SX. The relationships among job immersion, psychological capital, and life quality in nursing staffs (a STROBE-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22765. [PMID: 33080744 PMCID: PMC7571911 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursing services is a high stress job. To improve the life quality of nursing staffs, we explored the relationships among psychological capital, job immersion, and life quality in nursing staffs, and verified that the psychological capital plays an intermediary role between the job immersion and life quality in nursing staffs.General data questionnaire, job immersion scale, psychological capital scale, and life quality scale were performed in nursing staffs who were from 6 third-class hospitals including 2 hospitals in Jinzhou city, 2 hospitals in Chaoyang city, and 2 hospitals in Huludao city. The relationships among psychological capital, job immersion, and life quality, and psychological capital as an intermediary role between the job immersion and life quality were analyzed using SPSS20.0 and AMOS19.0 softwares.In these nursing staffs, the total scores of the job immersion, psychological capital, and life quality were 47.45 ± 9.41, 65.63 ± 10.35, and 72.35 ± 11.24, respectively. The psychological capital was positively correlated with the job immersion (r = 0.452, P < 0.001), the job immersion was positively correlated with the life quality (r = 0.344, P < 0.001) and the psychological capital was positively correlated with the life quality (r = 0.314, P < 0.001). Structural equation models showed that the job immersion could indirectly influence the life quality through the psychological capital. The mediating effect of psychological capital was 0.156 which accounted for 33.19% of the total effects.The psychological capital should be improved, and the psychological capital combined with the job immersion together improves the life quality of nursing staffs.
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Murfield J, Moyle W, Jones C, O'Donovan A. Self-Compassion, Health Outcomes, and Family Carers of Older Adults: An Integrative Review. Clin Gerontol 2020; 43:485-498. [PMID: 30612532 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2018.1560383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review sought to synthesize published evidence about the role of self-compassion on health outcomes for family carers of older adults, to describe the current state of knowledge. METHOD Using an integrative review method that permitted any research design, eight databases were searched. Extensive searching of gray literature sources was also undertaken. Studies included in the review underwent processes of methodological quality assessment (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool - Version 2011), data extraction, analysis, and syntheses. RESULTS Four studies were included: two randomized controlled trials, a descriptive cross-sectional survey, and a qualitative study. There was preliminary evidence to show the potential of self-compassion to help family carers cope and reduce levels of burden. However, efficacy of self-compassion interventions to improve family carer health outcomes could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS Self-compassion in family carers of older adults is a new and emerging research area, and there is very little published evidence about how self-compassion might be developed to improve health outcomes for family carers. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS To inform clinical understanding within this population, future quality research is needed, particularly regarding proof-of-concept, moderating effects of carer and care recipient factors, reliability of self-compassion measures, and the development and testing of self-compassion based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Murfield
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nathan Campus, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nathan Campus, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cindy Jones
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University , Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Analise O'Donovan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Applied Psychology, Nathan Campus, Griffith University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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The Effect of a Nurse-Led Cognitive Behavioral Protocol on Depressive Symptoms and Coping Strategies of Dementia Caregivers. J Nurs Res 2020; 27:e55. [PMID: 31107775 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family caregivers of patients with dementia (PWD) often experience depressive symptoms and use poor coping strategies. Cognitive behavioral interventions may enhance positive appraisals of caregiving-related issues and the utilization of active coping strategies among caregivers, which may help prevent caregiver depression. However, there is a shortage of primary, community-based mental health services in China, and little research has been conducted on the effect of nurse-led mental health programs in this population. PURPOSE This study explored the effect of a nurse-led cognitive behavioral intervention on depressive symptoms and coping strategies among family caregivers of PWD in China. METHODS This randomized controlled trial used data from a sample of 112 caregivers screened from 276 potential participants in a city in southeastern China. The sample was randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 56) and a control group (n = 56). The intervention group received five monthly in-home, nurse-led cognitive behavioral sessions and telephone consultations after each session. The control group received five monthly, short, general conversations with nurse interventionists at the participants' homes, in the hospital, or via telephone. Depressive symptoms, coping strategies, and the demographics of caregiving dyads were collected at Time 1 (baseline), Time 2 (the end of the 5-month intervention), and Time 3 (2-month follow-up). IBM SPSS Statistics Version 19.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Eighty-two participants (intervention group: n = 47, control group: n = 35) completed the three evaluations. No significant group differences were found in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The general linear model repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in depressive symptoms and active coping between groups over time, with p < .001 for the interaction between depressive symptoms and groups and p < .01 for the interaction between active coping and groups. A similar result did not occur for passive coping. The t tests further supported a significant interventional effect on participants' depressive symptoms and active coping. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This nurse-led cognitive behavioral intervention was effective in decreasing depressive symptoms and improving active coping among study participants. The findings suggest the improvement of mental health services and social policies in China to support family caregivers of PWD.
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López-Martínez C, Serrano-Ortega N, Moreno-Cámara S, Del-Pino-Casado R. Association between Sense of Coherence Associated with Mental Health in Caregivers of Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16203800. [PMID: 31601018 PMCID: PMC6843852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze association between sense of coherence and perceived burden, anxiety, depression, and quality of life in caregivers of older adults. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a probabilistic sample of 132 caregivers of older relatives from the regions of Jaén, Spain. The measures assessed were sense of coherence (Life Orientation Questionnaire), subjective burden (Caregiver Strain Index of Robinson), anxiety and depression (Goldberg Scale), and quality of life (Health Questionnaire SF-12). The main analyses included bivariate analysis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate analysis through canonical correlation analysis. Our findings show that the sense of coherence explained 50.8% of the variance shared between subjective burden, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. We highlighted manageability as the variable within the dimensions of the sense of coherence with the greatest participation in the model. The sense of coherence may be an important protective factor for the mental health of the caregiver of dependent elderly relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Moreno-Cámara
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jáen, Spain.
| | - Rafael Del-Pino-Casado
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jáen, Spain.
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Erkan H, Altuntaş M. Evaluation of Care Burden for the Patients Receiving Home Health Care. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.624528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Flesch LD, Batistoni SST, Neri AL, Cachioni M. Factors associated with the quality of life of elderly caregivers of other elderly persons. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562019022.180155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective : To evaluate the association between the double vulnerability of being elderly and a caregiver and quality of life assessed by Control, Autonomy, Self-realization and Pleasure factors (CASP-19). Method : 148 elderly caregivers participated in the present study. They were selected for convenience from Brazilian public and private health services - a sample from the study “The Psychological Well-Being of Elderly Persons Caring for Other Elderly Persons in a Family Context”. The variables: caregiver’s state of health, care demands, perception of burden, self-rated health, and quality of life were selected. Descriptive analyses, chi-squared tests, Fisher’s exact test, the Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of multivariate hierarchical logistics were carried out, with theStepwisecriteria applied for selection of variables. Results : The hierarchical multivariate analyses found that number of symptoms and total burden were significantly associated with a poorer quality of life. Elderly persons with three or more symptoms and those with a high burden level were at a higher risk of poor quality of life. The variables number of diseases, burden, and self-rated health compared with the past, were significantly associated with a poorer quality of life. Conclusion : It can be concluded that for the elderly caregiver, physical aspects (signs and symptoms, chronic diseases and a perception of health deterioration) combined with burden are the aspects that most influence quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meire Cachioni
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Goswami S, Gupta S. Cancer has almost a similar psychosocial impact on family caregivers as those of the patients; but are we doing enough for them? Indian J Cancer 2018; 55:419-420. [DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_628_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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