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Algurén B, Tang Y, Pelletier C, Naylor PJ, Faulkner G. Biopsychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Children's Motor Competence: An Exploratory Study. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:90. [PMID: 39183225 PMCID: PMC11345348 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the significance of motor competence (MC) for healthy development and as a cornerstone for lifelong physical activity (PA), it is crucial to understand the manifold factors that are associated with MC. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate correlates of children's MC and their fundamental movement skills (FMS) within their daily life from a comprehensive biopsychosocial-ecological perspective. METHODS This is a cross-sectional sub-study of the 'Physical Literacy for Communities (PL4C)' WAVES cohort study conducted in the West Vancouver School District, Canada. Motor competence was assessed using the PLAYfun tool including overall MC score and five FMS category scores, namely, running, locomotor skills, upper and lower body control and balance skills. By means of structural equation modeling (SEM), direct associationswith MC and with the specific FMS categories addressing physical activity behavior, self-perceived physical literacy, parenting, and school ground design were investigated. RESULTS A total of 355 children with a mean age of 7.5 years and 111.1 min of MVPA per day participated. The group comprised 51% boys and 47% girls from 14 elementary schools. Most children were at an emerging MC-level (71%), while those at a competent MC-level exhibited significantly more daily minutes of MVPA (123 versus 109, p = 0.001). Additionally, they played outdoors more frequently and engaged in more instructor-led PA. The results revealed that logistical support from parents had not only a direct positive association with overall MC, both for girls and boys, but also with most of the FMS categories. However, the correlates of MC varied between genders and showed different patterns across the five FMS categories. While time spent in sports or coach-/instructor-led physical activities had a significant SEM generated direct effect only for boys' MC and for locomotor, upper body object control and balance, the aesthetic design of the school grounds was only associated with girls' MC and those same three FMS categories. Multivariate SEM could explain 26% of variance for girls' MC and 30% for boys'. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory baseline assessment revealed parental logistical support as an important correlate of MC, irrespective of gender. There were distinct gender patterns across biopsychosocial-ecological correlates influencing MC and FMS. Despite the heterogeneity of the results, our findings indicate a potential role of school ground design in supporting the development of children's MC, especially for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Algurén
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg, Gothenborg, Sweden.
| | - Yiling Tang
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chelsea Pelletier
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Patti-Jean Naylor
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Jongenelis MI, Budden T, Christian H, Coall DA, Jackson B, Nathan A, Glassenbury E. The Role of Grandparents in Facilitating Children's Physical Activity. J Phys Act Health 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39187252 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests there is considerable opportunity to improve children's movement behaviors while they are being cared for by their grandparents. An understanding of the extent to which grandparent practices facilitate children's engagement in physical activity is critical to the development of health interventions targeting grandparent caregivers. This study examined the activity-related beliefs and practices of grandparents and their association with grandchildren's engagement in various movement behaviors while in grandparental care. METHODS Australian grandparents (N = 1190; 60% women) who provided regular care to a grandchild aged 3-14 years were recruited via a web panel provider to complete an online survey. The survey assessed grandparents' physical activity-related beliefs (eg, perceived importance) and practices (eg, support and social control) and their grandchildren's engagement in physical activity (unstructured, structured, and outdoor play) and screen-based activities while in grandparental care. RESULTS The importance of grandchildren's physical activity was rated highly by grandparents. Grandparents' support for their grandchildren's physical activity was positively associated with their grandchildren's engagement in structured physical activity, unstructured physical activity, and outdoor play. Negative social control was associated with greater engagement in screen-based activities. Other correlates of grandchildren's physical activity and screen-based activities included grandparents' own engagement in these activities. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the importance of reinforcing the beliefs and practices that positively influence children's movement behaviors and addressing those that have unintended consequences. Encouraging grandparents to support their grandchildren's physical activity and discouraging forms of negative social control are likely to be important in efforts to promote physical activity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle I Jongenelis
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy Budden
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - David A Coall
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Wang X, Yang X, Juzaily Bin Mohd Nasiruddin N, Wei S, Dong D, Bin Samsudin S. Social Support and Physical Activity in College and University Students: A Meta-Analysis. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2024; 51:533-543. [PMID: 38305027 DOI: 10.1177/10901981231216735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Although physical activity (PA) has a profound impact on health, many college and university students are still physically inactive. There is some evidence to suggest that social support (SS) could impact the PA levels of students, but the internal relationship and specific effects are not very clear. The purpose of this review was to determine the strength of the relationship between SS and PA and examine whether any potential associations differed in terms of age, gender, and region among college and university students. Studies were identified using the following electronic databases: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Sociological Abstracts. Moderator analyses investigating the effects of students' age, gender, and region (nation) were performed. This review included 19 articles. The results showed total SS was significantly associated with PA (r = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.22, 0.37], p < .001). With respect to different types of support, friend support was more strongly associated with PA than family support. Gender factors had a significant moderating effect on the correlation between SS and PA (QM = 17.433, p < .001). Separate analyses examining the moderating effects of gender (percentage of females) found that the association between SS and PA was stronger with the increase in female percentage. In conclusion, SS is an important factor associated with PA levels and should foster SS within intervention programs according to types of SS and gender differences to increase PA levels among college and university students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shasha Wei
- University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Ames ME, Robillard CL, Turner BJ, Garcia-Barrera M, Rush J, Craig SG. Associations between physical activity, affect regulation difficulties, and mental health among Canadian adolescents at two different points of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1042-1058. [PMID: 36184947 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2127718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Although physical activity declined with social distancing measures and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth who engaged in more physical activity experienced fewer mental health problems. If and how physical activity maintained its protective role throughout the ongoing pandemic remains unclear. This study models associations between three types of physical activity (indoor, outdoor, with parents), affect regulation, and anxious and depressive symptoms in two independent adolescent samples (T1: Summer 2020; T2: Winter 2020/21). Methods and Measures. Six hundred sixty-two Canadian adolescents (T1: Mage = 15.69, SD = 1.36; 52% girls; 5% trans+) and 675 Canadian adolescents (T2: Mage = 15.80, SD = 1.46; 50% girls; 6% trans+) participated in an online survey. Data included frequency of physical activity indoors, outdoors, and with parents, affect regulation difficulties, and measures of anxious and depressive symptoms. Results. Multiple-group path analysis showed indoor physical activity had an indirect effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms through affect dysregulation, but only at T1. Physical activity with parents was protective for adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms at both T1 and T2 and had an indirect effect through affect dysregulation and suppression. Conclusion. Findings contribute to our understanding of how physical activity protects adolescent mental health, and point to strengthening family supports and recreation opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Ames
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Youth and Society, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christina L Robillard
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brianna J Turner
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Youth and Society, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Rush
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie G Craig
- York University, LaMarsh Centre for Child and Youth Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hasson RE, Xie M, Tadikamalla D, Beemer LR. Using a Human-Centered Design Process to Evaluate and Optimize User Experience of a Website (InPACT at Home) to Promote Youth Physical Activity: Case Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e52496. [PMID: 39037333 PMCID: PMC11261907 DOI: 10.2196/52496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Web-based physical activity interventions often fail to reach the anticipated public health impact due to insufficient use by the intended audiences. Objective The purpose of this study was to use a human-centered design process to optimize the user experience of the Interrupting Prolonged sitting with ACTivity (InPACT) at Home website to promote youth physical activity participation. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted to assess engagement and pain points with the InPACT at Home website. Interview data were used to create affinity maps to identify themes of user responses, conduct a heuristic evaluation according to Nielsen's usability heuristics framework, and complete a competitive analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of competitors who offered similar products. Results Key themes from end user interviews included liking the website design, finding the website difficult to navigate, and wanting additional features (eg, library of watched videos). The website usability issues identified were lack of labeling and categorization of exercise videos, hidden necessary actions and options hindering users from decision-making, error-prone conditions, and high cognitive load of the website. Competitive analysis results revealed that YouTube received the highest usability ratings followed by the Just Dance and Presidential Youth Fitness Program websites. Conclusions Human-centered design approaches are useful for bringing end users and developers together to optimize user experience and impact public health. Future research is needed to examine the effectiveness of the InPACT at Home website redesign to attract new users and retain current users, with the end goal of increasing youth physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Hasson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michelle Xie
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dhiraj Tadikamalla
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lexie R Beemer
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Wong MYC, Ou KL, Wong WS, Hon SS, Chung PK. Physical fitness levels and trends of kindergarteners in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:202-207. [PMID: 38559909 PMCID: PMC10979272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives The study aimed to examine the physical fitness and activity levels of kindergarteners in Hong Kong during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods A total of 2052 kindergarteners (48% girls; 32.9% Grade 1, 34% Grade 2, and 33.1% Grade 3) were recruited from July 2020 to November 2021. Participants completed the physical fitness tests, including body composition, flexibility, lower-limb muscle strength, upper-limb muscle strength, lower-limb muscle endurance, and agility. Children's physical activity and overall well-being were examined using parental proxy reports. Parents also reported their physical activity and parental support to children's physical activity engagement, as well as their perception of children's kindergarten physical activity environment. Fitness differences by age and gender were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA measuring effect size with partial eta-squared. Additionally, correlations assessed the relationship between children's fitness and parents' proxy reports. Results The results of the physical fitness tests were higher than those in previous studies conducted by the Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong in 2015-2018. Gender-based differences were observed in most tests for children aged 4 years and older, with boys showing higher scores in the standing long jump, shot put, and balance tests, while girls had higher scores in the sit-and-reach test. Parents' proxy questionnaire answers indicated that children's continuous jump test performances were significantly related to their frequency of physical activity per week (r = 0.19, p < 0.001), and that children's health was significantly and positively correlated with their fitness level (r = 0.179, p < 0.009). Inadequate school physical activity was associated with poor upper-limb strength (r = 0.078, p < 0.005). Moreover, a high level of parental support for their children's participation in physical activity was correlated with a high level of parental participation in vigorous-intensity physical activities (r = 0.167, p < 0.005). Conclusion The physical fitness of children in Hong Kong was less affected by the epidemic. Parents' healthy behaviors and support were related to children's participation in PA. Efforts to improve children's physical fitness and motor development should include parent education and physical activity involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu Claudia Wong
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-ling Ou
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Sum Wong
- The Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong, China
| | - Sze Sze Hon
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Zhou H, Hui BPH, Yang HM, Wu AMS. Can watching the World Cup make you mentally healthier? Positive associations between involvement in physical activities and flourishing were mediated by psychological need satisfaction. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:366. [PMID: 38926781 PMCID: PMC11201372 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current understanding of the relationship between physical activity involvement and flourishing, as well as the underlying psychological mechanisms, remains limited. Building upon the basic psychological need theory, this study investigates whether and how engaging in physical activities, either as a spectator (e.g., in sports events such as the World Cup) or a participant, explains individual differences in flourishing. METHODS A total of 1201 Hong Kong-based Chinese adults (Mage = 42.90, SD = 11.40; 54% female) completed an anonymous online survey from the quarter-final to final stages of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in December 2022. RESULTS Findings showed that spectator (World Cup) involvement and participant involvement were positively correlated. Moreover, both types of involvements were correlated with flourishing. In addition to the hypothesized positive association with relatedness satisfaction, spectator (World Cup) involvement was also demonstrated significant associations with autonomy and competence satisfaction. Path analysis indicated that associations between physical activities and flourishing were partially mediated by the satisfaction of all three basic psychological needs. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to apply the basic psychological need theory in the context of physical activity and supports its relevance in understanding individual differences in flourishing. Different stakeholders are encouraged to recognize the benefits of both spectator and participant involvements in physical activities, which may help them develop supportive strategies (e.g., physical activities with parents, sports events for spectators and participants, and funding for media/communities) in mental health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Bryant Pui Hung Hui
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Mian Yang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Saiz-González P, Coto-Lousas J, Iglesias D, Fernandez-Rio J. Construction and Assessment of the Physical Activity and Physical Education Importance for Parents Scale. Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:707-719. [PMID: 38379170 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241235416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A recent systematic review reported positive associations between parents and children's physical activity participation. Moreover, parents' perceptions of the importance and value of physical activity can influence their children's participation in it. Our aim in this study was to develop and validate an instrument to assess parents' perceptions of the importance of physical activity and physical education. After first creating the instrument, we conducted content and exploratory factorial validation and reliability analyses of it with 93 parents (M age = 44.76, SD = 6.05, range = 31-66 years; 73 females, 20 males). The result was a 9-item instrument, with items assessed on a 5-point Likert scale and grouped into three factors: (a) importance of physical education; (b) importance of engaging in physical activity or sport; and (c) importance of joining your children in physical activity or sport. In a second confirmatory factor analysis with 224 parents (M age = 44.53, SD = 6.07; 174 or 77.7% females and 50 or 22.3% males) we confirmed the factor validity and reliability previously analyzed (χ2 = 42.77, df = 24, p = .011, GFI = 0.96, NFI = 0.98, NNFI = 0.99, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.06 (90% CI: 0,04, 0.08), SRMR = 0.04, ECVI = 0.04, CR = 0.70-0.87). Thus, the new Physical Activity and Physical Education Importance for Parents Scale (PAPEIPS) is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring parents' perceived importance of physical activity and physical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Saiz-González
- Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose Coto-Lousas
- Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Damián Iglesias
- Teacher Training College, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Fernandez-Rio
- Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Bruijns BA, Bourke M, Saravanamuttoo K, Tucker P. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep knowledge and self-efficacy among parents of young children in Canada. JOURNAL OF ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY AND SLEEP BEHAVIORS 2024; 3:12. [PMID: 38764474 PMCID: PMC11101324 DOI: 10.1186/s44167-024-00051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Engaging in healthy movement behaviours in early childhood is beneficial for children's development, and parents play a critical role in shaping movement habits during these formative years. This study aimed to explore parents' knowledge of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (The Guidelines) and their perceived knowledge and self-efficacy of movement behaviour concepts in early childhood. The influence of sociodemographic characteristics on these variables was also examined. Methods Via a cross-sectional online survey with parents/guardians (n = 576) of young children in Canada, participants' knowledge of The Guidelines (11 items), and perceived knowledge (11 items; 5-point scale) and self-efficacy (11 items; 11-point scale) of movement behaviour concepts in early childhood were examined. Descriptive statistics were calculated for independent variables and multivariate regression models were estimated to examine sociodemographic factors that were associated with participants' knowledge and self-efficacy. Results Few participants (11.9%) reported to be familiar with The Guidelines. Parents were most knowledgeable about the screen time guideline for children under 2 years (75.0% correctly identified the guideline) and least familiar with the recommendation for toddler/preschooler total physical activity (14.7% correctly identified the guideline). Parents/guardians perceived they were the most knowledgeable about safe sleep practices (65.9% very/extremely knowledgeable) and least knowledgeable about muscle- and bone-strengthening activities (71.8% not at all/somewhat knowledgeable). Overall, parents/guardians were moderately confident in promoting healthy movement behaviours (M = 6.01; SD = 1.73). Participants with higher levels of education reported significantly higher perceived knowledge compared to those who were less educated (p = .004), and parents/guardians identifying as White reported significantly higher levels of self-efficacy compared to parents/guardians from minority ethnic groups (p = .028). Finally, parents/guardians who were more physically active reported both higher perceived knowledge (p < .001) and self-efficacy (p < .001) than those who were less active. Conclusion These findings shed light on the need to raise awareness of The Guidelines among parents of young children and highlight specific movement behaviour concepts in need of focus in future training for this population. Targeted education for parents/guardians from lower socioeconomic groups is also needed to address equity concerns. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44167-024-00051-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne A. Bruijns
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada
| | - Matthew Bourke
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada
- Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kendall Saravanamuttoo
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
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Matteucci I, Corsi M. Adolescents' attitudes, habits, identity and social support in relation to physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11035. [PMID: 38745043 PMCID: PMC11094044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on adolescents' cognitive processes, behaviors and social support (SS) as they relate to physical activity (PA) before and after the pandemic. The aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the changes in adolescents' engagement in moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and examine the changes in PA-related attitudes and behaviors before and after the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) to analyze the correlations between the significant changes that were found, PA engagement, and SS. The survey targeted third-year middle school students of Italian nationality, attending male and female mixed classes, residents in urban, periphery and sub-urban areas, living in families with different incomes, and different habits of engaging in PA. A longitudinal study was developed using a standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered in April-May 2023 to a sample of 952 students aged 11/14 residing in the Marche region in Central Italy. Increasing values were found in the post-COVID-19 phase for all the cognitive processes and attitudes, in particular, those regarding habits (0.66 vs 0.50, + 32%) and identity (0.70 vs 0.55, + 27%) related to PA. Significant correlations were found between these values and VPA engagement and between the values of the same indicators and SS (p < 0.01). The strongest relationship was found with the dimension of identity (r = 0.51; r = 054).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Matteucci
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Mario Corsi
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
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Liu X, Tang J, Long W, Zou Y, Tan J. Comparison of physical activity and physical fitness in children and adolescents of Chinese Han and Tibet ethnicity. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1392803. [PMID: 38784594 PMCID: PMC11111887 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1392803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) are important markers of health status in children and adolescents in different ethnicities. In this study, we aimed to compare the PA and PF indicators between Tibetan and Han children and adolescents. Methods Children and adolescents of 4-9 grades were recruited in Shigatse (n = 963) and Shanghai (n = 2,525) respectively. The information related to demographic, PA, and PF was collected via a self-reported questionnaire. PA was assessed through the participation of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) and organized sport participation (OSP). PF was estimated using the International Fitness Scale containing components of overall fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, speed and agility, muscular strength and flexibility. Results Han (mean age = 13.45 ± 3.3 years; 49.7% girls) and Tibet (mean age = 13.8 ± 2.5 years; 48.3% girls) children and adolescents from Shanghai and Shigatse completed the questionnaire survey. It was revealed that Tibetan students had higher MVPA, MSE and OSP than children and adolescents of Han ethnicity (p < 0.01, small to medium effect size). A relatively higher percentage of student in Shanghai did not participate in any form of PA. On the other hand, less Tibetan students thought their PF indicators including overall fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, speed and agility, muscular strength and flexibility were poor or very poor than their counterparts of Han ethnicity (p < 0.01, small to medium effect size). Conclusion Tibetan children and adolescents have higher levels of PA and PF in comparison to their Han counterparts. More children and adolescents of Han ethnicity engage in no PA and think their PF indicators were poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaxing Tang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixuan Long
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwang Tan
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Jianfeng H, Xian Z, Zexiu A. Effects of physical exercise on adolescent short video addiction: A moderated mediation model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29466. [PMID: 38638962 PMCID: PMC11024624 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To discuss the effects of physical exercise (PE) on adolescent short video addiction (SVA) and analyze the mediating effects of self-control (SC) and the moderating effects of the cumulative ecological risk (CER), aiming to provide theoretical support for PE relative to adolescent SVA, investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of PE. Methods The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, Problematic TikTok Use Scale, Self-Control Scale, and Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale were used to survey 756 adolescents in Chongqing and Chengdu, China. SPSS was used to construct a research model by conducting reliability, confirmatory factor, common method bias, and AMOS analyses. Results PE was significantly and negatively related to adolescent SVA (β = -0.30, p < 0.01). SC served as a partial mediator between PE and adolescent SVA, the direct and indirect effect values are -0.304 and -0.167 respectively, showing that SC negatively predicted the relationship between the two variables. The CER moderated the effect of PE (t = -11.679, p < 0.001) and SC (t = -15.069, p < 0.001) on adolescent SVA. Conclusion PE mitigates and moderates adolescent SVA through the mediating effect of SC and the moderating effect of CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jianfeng
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo Xian
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai Zexiu
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Alhumaid MM. Parental physical activity support for parents of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29351. [PMID: 38623191 PMCID: PMC11016730 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is crucial for promoting physical, cognitive, and psychosocial health. Unfortunately, children with disabilities spend less time engaging in PA compared to their typically developing peers. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children with disabilities to increase their level of PA. However, there is scant research on the factors linked to parental support for PA among non-Western parents of children with disabilities, particularly in the context of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, to address this gap in the literature, the current study aimed to (i) measure parental support for encouraging PA in children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia, and (ii) examine the demographic factors associated with such support (e.g., family income, age of the child, type of disability, and parents' educational background). The sample included Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities (N = 239; fathers: n = 123; mothers: n = 116) who completed the Arabic version of the Parental Physical Activity Support Questionnaire for Parents of Children with Disabilities (PPSQ for PCD). The findings revealed that parental support for children with disabilities to engage in PA typically occurs less than once a week, indicating an inadequate level of support. A generalized linear model analysis demonstrated that several independent demographic variables are associated with overall parental support for PA among children with disabilities: participant age, educational background, parental engagement in PA, age of the child with a disability, disability status, club participation, knowledge of legislation or policies related to the rights of children with disabilities, and number of children in the family. The findings emphasize the significance of raising awareness among parents of children with disabilities to support their children in participating in PA, as well as addressing the barriers that hinder such support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Brennan C, O’Donoghue G, Keogh A, Rhodes RE, Matthews J. "It's what mothers do." A qualitative exploration of mothers' experiences of supporting their daughter to be physically active. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299260. [PMID: 38558034 PMCID: PMC10984520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Girls are more at risk than boys of the non-communicable diseases associated with insufficient levels of physical activity (PA), therefore it is important to explore the reasons why girls maintain or cease to be physically active. Maternal support plays an important role in girl's PA, yet the factors influencing mothers' support of their PA have received limited exploration. In response, the aim of this study was to explore, mothers' experiences of supporting their daughters to be physically active and their perceptions of the factors that might influence these experiences. METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of mothers (n = 29) of girls (Mean age = 10.9 years; SD = 0.6). Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to analyse the data, with themes mapped to the relevant domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework. RESULTS Themes highlighted how mothers described providing PA support as an inherent part of their parental role and how their role was influenced by their own PA identity. Mothers recognised that the type and amount of support they provided was impacted by the community setting in which they lived. Mothers acknowledged how the role of others (e.g., partners, grandparents, peers) added a layer of complexity to supporting their daughters to be active. CONCLUSION This study advances our understanding of maternal PA support behaviours recognising the complex interplay of individual, social and environmental factors. Additionally, the use of the Theoretical Domains Framework presents an in-depth behavioural diagnosis which can be used to inform future theory-based interventions to promote parent support of children's PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Brennan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne O’Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison Keogh
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ryan E. Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - James Matthews
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Brown DMY, Summerville B, Fairclough SJ, Mielke GI, Tyler R. Associations Between Intersecting Sociodemographic Characteristics and Device-Measured Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents Living in the United States. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:384-393. [PMID: 38281485 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite robust evidence demonstrating sociodemographic characteristics may underly some of the disparities in physical activity observed among children and adolescents, the often-overlooked nexus of potential interactions between these characteristics warrants further exploration. This study explored the intersectionality of gender, race/ethnicity, parental education, and household income in relation to device-measured physical activity volume and intensity in a nationally representative sample of US children and adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 3 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (2011-2012; 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey; and 2013-2014) were used. A total of 6116 participants (49% female) between 3 and 17 years of age wore an accelerometer on their nondominant wrist for 7 days. Monitor-independent movement summary units were used to represent physical activity volume and intensity. A Social Jeopardy Index was created to represent increasing levels of intersecting social disadvantages based on combinations of gender, race/ethnicity, parental education, and household income-to-poverty ratio tertiles. Generalized linear regression models were computed. RESULTS The results showed social disadvantages become increasingly evident among children and adolescents during the most intense 60 minutes of daily physical activity (B = -48.69 [9.94] SE, P < .001), but disparities in total volume were not observed (B = 34.01 [44.96] SE, P = .45). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that patterns of physical activity behavior may differ based on intersecting sociodemographic characteristics-more socially disadvantaged children and adolescents appear to accumulate activity at lighter intensities. Collecting contextual information about device-measured physical activity represents an important next step for gaining insight into these sociodemographic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver M Y Brown
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bryce Summerville
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Gregore I Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Tyler
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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Sharman MJ, Nash M, Moore R, Waddingham S, Oakley AL, Langenberg H, Cleland VJ. The importance of family support to engage and retain girls in male dominated action sports. A qualitative study of young people's perspectives. Health Promot J Austr 2024; 35:410-422. [PMID: 37403457 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Social support is positively correlated with physical activity (PA), especially amongst girls, but is underexplored in male-dominated action sports (e.g., mountain biking, skateboarding and surfing). This study explored family level social support needs and experiences of girls and boys in three action sports. METHOD Aspiring, current or former Australian adolescent (12-18 years; girls n = 25; boys n = 17) mountain bikers, skateboarders and/or surfers were individually interviewed (telephone/Skype) in 2018/2020. A socio-ecological framework guided the semi-structured interview schedule. Audio-recordings were transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically using a constant comparative approach. RESULTS Family level social support was highly influential in young people's participation in action sports, with its absence a common reason for no or discontinued engagement amongst girls. Parents and siblings were the main social support providers with extended family (e.g., grandparents, aunts/uncles, cousins) also notable. Participation (current/past/co-) was the main social support type followed by emotional (e.g., encouragement), instrumental (e.g., transport, equipment/funding) and informational (e.g., coaching) support. Girls were inspired/encouraged by brothers but boys were not inspired/encouraged by sisters; boys and girls co-participated with both parents but co-participating and being inspired by fathers was most common, especially amongst girls; fathers were more commonly the main transport provider if they co-participated with their child; fathers mostly provided initial coaching; only boys were taught equipment maintenance by parents. CONCLUSIONS AND SO WHAT Sport-related organisations/groups have numerous opportunities to improve girls' representation in action sports by fostering family level social support through various means. Intervention strategies should be tailored to account for gendered participation differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Meredith Nash
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Robyn Moore
- School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania, Churchill Avenue, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Suzanne Waddingham
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Anita L Oakley
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Helen Langenberg
- Communities, Sport and Recreation, Tasmanian Government, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Verity J Cleland
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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17
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James ME, Rhodes RE, Cairney J, Sabiston CM, Finlay-Watson T, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP. Parent Support for Physical Activity and Motor Skills During Early Childhood: A Mixed-Methods Application of the Multi-process Action Control Framework. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:264-274. [PMID: 38339975 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting physical activity (PA) and fundamental movement skills (FMS) in early childhood is necessary to address the high rates of inactivity in children. Parent support is a determinant of PA in children, however, parental intentions to support are not always translated into behavior resulting in an intention-behavior gap. PURPOSE Positioned within the multi-process action control (M-PAC) framework, this study used an explanatory concurrent mixed-methods design to explore parents' intentions and support of PA and FMS during early childhood. METHODS Parents (N=124) of children aged 3-4 years completed an online survey consisting of items assessing reflective (e.g., attitudes), regulatory (e.g., planning), and reflexive (e.g., habit) processes of M-PAC and intentions and support for child PA and FMS. A subset of parents (n=20) completed a semi-structured online interview guided by the M-PAC framework. RESULTS Significantly more parents intended to support PA (71%) compared with FMS (44%; p<0.001) and successfully translated intentions into action for PA (57%) compared with FMS (27%; p<0.001). Discriminant function analysis showed parent behavior profiles for PA and FMS support were associated with a combination of reflective, regulatory, and reflexive processes, however, these differed based on support behavior. Qualitative findings highlighted parents' differential views on PA and FMS support and contextualized the psychological processes associated with each. CONCLUSIONS Parent PA support interventions during early childhood should include strategies for supporting FMS. Interventions should prioritize fostering a combination of reflective, regulatory, and reflexive behaviors to translate intentions to support PA and FMS into behavior among parents of young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeghan E James
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Department of Kinesiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- Faculty of Education, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Department of Kinesiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracia Finlay-Watson
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Department of Kinesiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly P Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Department of Kinesiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Bruijns BA, Bourke M, Loh A, Tucker P. Movement behaviour education for parents in prenatal, postnatal, and pediatric care in Canada: A needs assessment. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:164. [PMID: 38459485 PMCID: PMC10921676 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents/guardians can greatly influence their child's movement behaviours (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep). Yet, they have reported to lack sufficient background knowledge to foster healthy movement habits, and little is known about specific educational gaps. The aim of this study was to explore the educational background and needs regarding promoting healthy movement behaviours in early childhood among parents/guardians living in Canada. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with parents/guardians living in Canada who had at least one child under the age of 5 years. Participants completed an online survey capturing their demographics, information they received about movement behaviours in early childhood during their prenatal/postnatal care or child's pediatrician appointments, where they sourced information about these topics, content areas they would like more information on, and preferred format for delivery. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were calculated for all outcome variables and logistic regression was used to explore if sociodemographic variables were associated with receiving movement behaviour-related education across care types. RESULTS Among the 576 parents/guardians who completed the survey, many reported no mention of any movement behaviour in their prenatal (49.4%), postnatal (29.6%), and pediatric care (37.2%). Physical activity was the most cited movement behaviour across care types, with 42.4%, 57.9%, and 54.8% of participants indicating this was discussed in their prenatal, postnatal, and pediatric care, respectively. Only 41.7% of parents/guardians reported asking their child's pediatrician about movement behaviours, while most relied on social media (70.9%), internet websites/news articles (68.7%), and family/friends (67.6%). The most sought-after movement behaviour topics included incorporating movement into traditionally sedentary activities (68.8%) and activity ideas to break up sitting time (65.0%), and participants expressed preference to receive more information via social media (63.2%), an online resource package (47.8%), or email (46.6%). CONCLUSIONS Given the noted inconsistencies in education relating to movement behaviours in maternal and pediatric care, this study highlights the opportunity for greater integration of this type of education across care types. Ensuring all parents/guardians receive evidence-based and consistent guidance on their child's movement behaviours will help ensure young children receive the best start to a healthy active life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne A Bruijns
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada
| | - Matthew Bourke
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada
| | - Aidan Loh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Western Road, Elborn College, Room 2547, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada.
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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19
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Rhodes RE, Hollman H, Sui W. Family-based physical activity interventions and family functioning: A systematic review. FAMILY PROCESS 2024; 63:392-413. [PMID: 36748347 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Family physical activity (PA) can confer multiple health benefits, yet whether PA interventions affect general family functioning has not been appraised. The purpose of this review was to evaluate studies that have examined the effect of family PA interventions, where child PA was the focus of the intervention, on constructs of family functioning. Literature searches were concluded on January 11, 2022 using seven common databases. Eligible studies were in English, utilized a family PA intervention, and assessed a measure of family functioning as a study outcome. The initial search yielded 8413 hits, which was reduced to 20 independent PA interventions of mixed quality after screening for eligibility criteria. There was mixed evidence for whether family PA interventions affected overall family functioning; however, analyses of subdomains indicated that family cohesion is improved by PA interventions when children are in the early school years (aged 5-12). High-quality studies also showed an impact of family PA interventions on family organization. Targeted interventions at specific family subsystems (e.g., father-son, mother-daughter), characteristics (low-income, clinical populations, girls), and broad multibehavioral interventions may have the most reliable effects. Overall, the findings show that family PA interventions can promote family cohesion and organization, particularly among families with children in the early school years. Higher quality research, employing randomized trial designs and targeting specific intervention and sample characteristics (e.g., different clinical conditions, specific parent-child dyads), is recommended in order to better ascertain the effectiveness of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Rhodes
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Wuyou Sui
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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20
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Cunningham PB, Naar S, Roberts JR, Powell J, Ledgerwood DM, Randall J, Lozano BE, Halliday CA, Madisetti M, Ghosh S. Study protocol for clinical trial of the FIT Families multicomponent obesity intervention for African American adolescents and their caregivers: Next step from the ORBIT initiative. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e074552. [PMID: 38355187 PMCID: PMC10868253 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study will test the effectiveness of FIT Families (FIT), a multicomponent family-based behavioural intervention, against a credible attention control condition, Home-Based Family Support (HBFS). This protocol paper describes the design of a randomised clinical trial testing the efficacy of the FIT intervention. The protocol will assess the efficacy of FIT to improve health status in African American adolescents with obesity (AAAO) and their primary caregivers on primary (percent body fat) and secondary (physical activity, metabolic control, weight loss) outcomes and its cost-effectiveness. METHODS 180 youth/caregiver dyads are randomised into FIT or HBFS, stratified by age, gender and baseline per cent overweight. The proposed study follows a two condition (FIT, HBFS) by four assessment time points. Tests will be conducted to identify potential relationship of baseline demographic and clinical variables to our dependent variables and see whether they are balanced between groups. It is hypothesised that youth/caregiver dyads randomised to FIT will show significantly greater reductions in percent body fat over a 12-month follow-up period compared with AAAO receiving HBFS. Preliminary findings are expected by November 2023. ETHICS This protocol received IRB approval from the Medical University of South Carolina (Pro00106021; see 'MUSC IRB 106021 Main Approval.doxc' in online supplemental materials). DISSEMINATION Dissemination activities will include summary documents designed for distribution to the broader medical community/family audience and submission of manuscripts, based on study results, to relevant peer-reviewed scientific high-impact journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04974554.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillippe B Cunningham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, FSU College of Medicine, Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - James R Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Powell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David M Ledgerwood
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeff Randall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brian E Lozano
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Colleen A Halliday
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mohan Madisetti
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Samiran Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
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21
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Fothergill MA, Gill G, Graham PL. The beautiful game bringing families together: children's and parents' experiences of a family football programme. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daad183. [PMID: 38195063 PMCID: PMC10776202 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Children are consistently not achieving recommended levels of physical activity (PA) despite it being a compulsory requirement of the national curriculum in England. Fruit and vegetable consumption also falls below recommended levels for both adults and children. With school PA increasingly being outsourced, football foundations (linked to professional football clubs) are now prominent providers of children's PA. However, research exploring coach-led interventions in schools is limited with a particular gap in knowledge surrounding the qualitative experiences of children and parents/carers. The current study therefore aimed to explore the experiences of children and parents engaged in a 6-week family football programme. Family football is a free after-school programme engaging parents/carers and their children, to enhance their engagement in PA and healthy nutritional habits. A purposive sample of parents/carers and their children (N = 36) took part in qualitative focus groups to discuss their experiences of participating in family football. Reflexive thematic analysis revealed two themes: (i) healthy lifestyle facilitators and challenges and (ii) added value of programme participation. Children discussed programme content around nutritional practices and parents/carers discussed examples of where nutritional practices had improved at home, though some parents/carers and children highlighted persistent barriers to health improvement. Both parents/carers and children reflected on how the programme had enabled them to spend dedicated time with one another. The findings emphasize the significance of direct parent/carer involvement in school-based health interventions as well as the value of coach-led interventions in the enhancement of PA enjoyment, nutritional knowledge and connectedness of families within schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Fothergill
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Northumberland Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Gursharan Gill
- School of Psychology,Newcastle University, Wallace Street, NE2 4DR, UK
| | - Pamela L Graham
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Coach Lane Campus, NE7 7XA, UK
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22
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Zhang X, Yan J, Zhu W, Fu X. Development and validation of the Chinese family environment influencing physical activity habits scale. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1243658. [PMID: 38292523 PMCID: PMC10824917 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1243658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescence represents a pivotal stage in the development of healthy behaviors, where establishing positive physical activity habits can have enduring effects on an individual's overall wellbeing. The ecological model highlights the influence of environmental factors on human behavior, with the family environment playing a significant role in shaping the physical activity habits of adolescents. Methods The aim of this scale is to develop a reliable and effective tool, customized for the unique societal context of China, to assess how family factors influence the physical activity habits of Chinese adolescents. Participants were recruited through stratified cluster sampling from 24 secondary schools in six Chinese provinces between October and November 2021, resulting in 1,061 participants. Analysis was conducted on 1,004 valid questionnaires, divided into two samples. Sample 1, consisting of 502 students (248 males and 254 females; Mage = 15.5), underwent item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Sample 2, comprising 502 students (267 males and 235 females; Mage = 16.5), underwent confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability analysis. Results Through exploratory factor analysis, we extracted three factors comprising 15 items: "Family Environment Construction" (4 items), "Family Action Support" (6 items), and "Family Health Awareness" (5 items). The Cronbach's alpha values for these factors ranged from 0.890 to 0.894. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a satisfactory model fit (CMIN/DF = 1.45, SRMR = 0.027, GFI = 0.991, TLI = 0.989, RMSEA = 0.03). Discussion The scale demonstrated strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability, confirming its effectiveness in empirical research. This study holds significant implications for enhancing the physical activity levels of adolescents, promoting their physical and mental wellbeing, enriching their developmental experiences, and contributing to their overall sense of happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulin Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfei Yan
- Ministry of Physical Education, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoya Fu
- College of Physical Education, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan, China
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23
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Lin H, Chen H, Liu Q, Xu J, Li S. A meta-analysis of the relationship between social support and physical activity in adolescents: the mediating role of self-efficacy. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1305425. [PMID: 38282843 PMCID: PMC10811609 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1305425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social support influences physical activity (PA) in adolescents. However, whether mediating and moderating effects impact the relationship between them or the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of self-efficacy as well as a series of moderating influences using a meta-analytic approach. Methods A total of 56 studies published between January 2001 and May 2023 were obtained from the Web of Science, EBSCO, Taylor and Francis, Scopus, Wiley, ProQuest, and CNKI (core) databases, comprising 65 independent samples (total sample size = 47,196). Results and discussion The mean weighted correlation coefficients between social, family, peer, and school support and adolescent PA were 0.298, 0.226, 0.256, and 0.142, respectively, which were significant, except for school support. Family support and teenage PA were related, although the connection was moderated by gender and socioeconomic characteristics. While social, family, and peer support had a direct influence on adolescent PA, school support did not. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and its subtypes and adolescent PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haidong Chen
- College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingzao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Li
- College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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Anneli Heikkilä E, Pokka TML, Korpelainen R, Tossavainen PH. Level, types and determinants of physical activity in children with type 1 diabetes and their parents: A cross-sectional study. Diabet Med 2024; 41:e15149. [PMID: 37199667 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to describe the level, types and determinants of leisure time PA and exercise among children with type 1 diabetes and their parents. METHODS One hundred twenty children aged 6-18 years with type 1 diabetes and 113 parents (n = 113) participated to this questionnaire-based study at Northern Ostrobothnia District Hospital in Oulu, western Finland. All participants gave informed consent before entering this study. RESULTS Twenty-three per cent of the children exercised briskly for at least 7 h a week which corresponds to 60 min per day. The total PA occasions children had with a parent accounted for the children's total number of PA occasions in a week (β = 0.83, 95% CI 0.20-1.47) and total weekly hours of PA (β = 0.90, 95% CI 0.07-1.73). There was a positive association between total weekly hours of brisk PA and HbA1 c (β = 0.65, 95% CI 0.02-0.13), while there was no such association with light PA (β = 0.42, 95% CI -0.04-0.87). Laziness, fear of unexpected glycaemic variability and tiredness were the most frequent barriers to PA in children. CONCLUSION Most of the children with type 1 diabetes did not reach generally recommended 60 min of brisk PA a day. Exercising with a parent was positively associated with children's weekly frequency and total hours of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Anneli Heikkilä
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tytti M-L Pokka
- Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department for Children and Adolescents and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi H Tossavainen
- Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department for Children and Adolescents and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Ludwig-Walz H, Siemens W, Heinisch S, Dannheim I, Loss J, Bujard M. How the COVID-19 pandemic and related school closures reduce physical activity among children and adolescents in the WHO European Region: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:149. [PMID: 38115056 PMCID: PMC10731871 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research suggests that physical activity among children and adolescents decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a differentiated overview of European youth is lacking. In particular, no systematic analysis has been conducted to date on the impact of heterogeneous pandemic restrictions and school closures within European countries, and with regard to potentially vulnerable groups. METHODS We searched seven databases and included studies for children and adolescents (≤ 19 years) of the WHO European Region that compared physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic with a pre-pandemic baseline using validated measurement instruments. We used the Oxford Stringency Index and School Closure Index as indicators of restriction stringency. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, assessment of the study risk of bias (using the 'Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure' [ROBINS-E]) and certainty grading of evidence (using the GRADE approach), were all done in duplicate. Unpublished data was requested from study authors. Data were pooled in random effects models. An a priori protocol was published, reporting is carried out in accordance with the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS Of 14,897 non-duplicate records, 26 publications (n = 15,038 pre-pandemic, n = 13,041 during pandemic) met full inclusion criteria. Comparison before and during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a significant reduction in total physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.57 [95%CI, -0.95; -0.20]) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD, -0.43 [95% CI, -0.75; -0.10]), corresponding to a decrease of 12 min per day (a 20% reduction of the WHO recommendation). A decrease in sporting activity was also recorded. Subgroup analyses suggested that middle childhood (aged 8-12) and adolescents were particularly affected by the decline. School closures were associated with a reduction in physical activity. The certainty of evidence for all outcomes was low. CONCLUSIONS A sharp decline in all forms of physical activity was recorded among European children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This decline was higher during periods of school closure and mainly affected younger schoolchildren and adolescents. Immediate action by policy-makers and practitioners, as well as evidence-based public health strategies, are imperative in reversing this trend. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42023395871.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waldemar Siemens
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- Cochrane Germany, Cochrane Germany Foundation, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Heinisch
- Institute for Physical Education and Sport, University of Education, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Indra Dannheim
- Regional Innovation Center for Health and Quality of Life in Fulda (RIGL), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | | | - Martin Bujard
- Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Quail KR, Ward CL. Using Non-Violent Discipline Tools: Evidence Suggesting the Importance of Attunement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7187. [PMID: 38131738 PMCID: PMC10742770 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Training in non-violent discipline is important to prevent violence against children and ensure that their caregivers remain a safe base for them. This paper aims to deepen understanding of non-violent discipline by exploring attunement as a mechanism in the effectiveness of non-violent discipline tools. Attunement describes the sensitive responsiveness of caregivers towards their children and has been found to be central to the formation of secure attachment bonds and development of self-regulation. It includes understanding or being "in tune with" the child's needs and signals, matching these with appropriate responses. The objective of this paper is to explore attunement in relation to non-violent discipline. Peer-reviewed systematic reviews previously included in a systematic overview of evidence on non-violent discipline options were screened for information relevant to attunement. All reviews were published in English between 1999 and 2018 and offered evidence on at least one non-violent discipline tool. Although no reviews explicitly addressed attunement, evidence was found suggesting its importance in the use and effectiveness of discipline methods. Research directly investigating attunement in discipline is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen R. Quail
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
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Wu SK, Wong JE, Poh BK. Children's Attraction to Physical Activity and Its Relation to Physical Activity Level. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:108-119. [PMID: 38239253 PMCID: PMC10793132 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.6.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding of psychosocial factors of physical activity (PA) in children is crucial in encouraging sustained PA, which in turn is associated with important health outcomes. This study aimed to examine how children's attraction to physical activity (CAPA) is associated with PA. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 219 primary school children (105 boys; 114 girls) aged 7 years old-10 years old in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2016-2017. Children from three main ethnicities, namely Malay, Chinese and Indian, were recruited. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured; body composition was assessed by deuterium dilution technique. CAPA and level of PA were obtained through self-administered questionnaires and reported as CAPA and PA scores. Results Median CAPA and PA scores were 3.40 (Q1 = 3.00, Q3 = 3.80) and 2.31 (Q1 = 1.95, Q3 = 2.74), respectively. Significant gender differences were found in CAPA and PA scores, with boys being more attracted to PA (3.16 [Q1 = 2.90, Q3 = 3.44]; P = 0.001) and more physically active compared with girls (2.47 [Q1 = 2.07, Q3 = 3.07]; P = 0.001). CAPA and PA scores correlated positively in both sexes. Boys scored higher than girls in 'liking of games and sports' (ρ = 0.301, P = 0.002) and 'liking of vigorous PA' (ρ = 0.227, P = 0.02) CAPA subscales, which also correlated positively with PA scores. Girls' PA scores correlated with 'peer acceptance in games and sports' (ρ = 0.329, P < 0.001). Conclusion Boys are more physically active and have higher attraction to PA compared with girls. Differences in PA scores between the sexes were related to gender differences in CAPA scores. Thus, attention should be given to gender differences in CAPA related psychosocial factors when planning interventions to promote PA among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet Kei Wu
- Nutritional Sciences Programme and Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jyh Eiin Wong
- Nutritional Sciences Programme and Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bee Koon Poh
- Nutritional Sciences Programme and Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Huang J, Cheung CK, Chan SC, Pang WS, Chow SH, Li QH, Lo AS, Keung VM, Mui LW, Lee A, Wong MC. Factors associated with physical inactivity among the pre-school children: A cohort of 1681 participants. J Paediatr Child Health 2023; 59:1152-1159. [PMID: 37574970 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with physical inactivity of young children in Hong Kong. METHODS This follow-up study was part of a prospective cohort study named Studying Impact of Nutrition on Growth (SING) initiated in 2015. Subjects were recruited from randomly selected local nurseries and kindergartens in Hong Kong. Self-administrated questionnaires were distributed to parents in 2016-2017 to collect information on: (i) socio-economic background; (ii) health-related factors, including gestation at time of birth, and hospitalisation of the child since birth; (iii) types of leisure activities, including time spent on electronic games and physical activity. RESULTS A total of 1681 responses were collected. A higher likelihood of physical inactivity on weekdays was associated with being female, not being the firstborn, having been hospitalised three or more times since birth, and having physically inactive care givers. Meanwhile, children whose mother was unemployed/retired, and who spent more than 1 h on electronic games per day were significantly less likely to be physically inactive. Similarly, being female, being the secondborn or the thirdborn, and having a care giver with low physical activity level were associated with a higher chance of physical inactivity on weekends. CONCLUSIONS Parental support could play a pivotal role in determining a child's physical activity level. Public health policies should be implemented to promote family-based physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin Km Cheung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Sze Pang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shui Hang Chow
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Queenie Hy Li
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amelia Sc Lo
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vera Mw Keung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lancelot Wh Mui
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin Cs Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- The School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical Colleges, Beijing, China
- The School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang WC, Ding M, Strohmaier S, Schernhammer E, Sun Q, Chavarro JE, Tiemeier H. Maternal adherence to healthy lifestyle and risk of depressive symptoms in the offspring: mediation by offspring lifestyle. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6068-6076. [PMID: 36377496 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to healthy lifestyles can be beneficial for depression among adults, but the intergenerational impact of maternal healthy lifestyles on offspring depressive symptoms is unknown. METHODS In total, 10 368 mothers in Nurses' Health Study II and 13 478 offspring in the Growing Up Today Study were paired. Maternal and offspring healthy lifestyles were defined as a composite score including a healthy diet, normal body mass index (BMI), never-smoking, light-to-moderate consumption of alcohol, and regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Maternal lifestyles were assessed during their offspring's childhood. Offspring depressive symptoms were repeatedly assessed five times using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10); the offspring were between the ages of 14 and 30 when the first CESD-10 was assessed. Covariates included maternal variables (age at baseline, race/ethnicity, antidepressant use, pregnancy complications, etc.) and offspring age and sex. RESULTS Children of mothers with the healthiest lifestyle had significantly fewer depressive symptoms (a 0.30 lower CESD-10 score, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09-0.50) in comparison with children of mothers with the least healthy lifestyle. The association was only found significant in female offspring but not in males. For individual maternal lifestyle factors, a normal BMI, never-smoking, and adherence to regular physical activity were independently associated with fewer depressive symptoms among the offspring. The association between maternal healthy lifestyles and offspring depressive symptoms was mediated by offspring's healthy lifestyles (mediation effect: 53.2%, 95% CI 15.8-87.3). CONCLUSIONS Our finding indicates the potential mechanism of intergenerational transmission of healthy lifestyles to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanne Strohmaier
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Schernhammer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Cao J, Wang K, Shi Y, Pan Y, Lyu M, Ji Y. The associations between social support change and physical activity trajectory from late adolescence to young adulthood. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1496. [PMID: 37544980 PMCID: PMC10405443 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research examined the associations between social support and physical activity. However, little is known about the associations between social support change and trajectories of physical activity during the transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS The current study sought to examine these issues among 434 Chinese college students (Mage = 19.15, SDage = 0.61; 46.1% male), who completed questionnaires regarding demographics, physical activity, family support change, and peer support change across three waves (the data from one of the waves was retrospective). RESULTS After controlling for covariates, the findings revealed that: (a) there was an increase in overall physical activity and duration, but a decrease in frequency during the transition from late adolescence (the second year of high school) to young adulthood (the third year of college); (b) family support change did not contribute to trajectories of physical activity, while peer support change significantly predicted the trajectory of overall physical activity, duration, and frequency. CONCLUSIONS The findings extend the literature on physical activity from a developmental perspective by revealing different trends among physical activity duration and frequency, and unpacking different effects of family and peer support change on trajectories of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - YuHui Shi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - YuQing Pan
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - MoHan Lyu
- Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Haapala EA, Widlund A, Poikkeus AM, Lima RA, Brage S, Aunio P, Lakka TA. Cross-Lagged Associations between Physical Activity, Motor Performance, and Academic Skills in Primary School Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1465-1470. [PMID: 36897825 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few longitudinal studies have investigated the interwoven longitudinal dynamics between physical activity (PA), motor performance, and academic skills in middle childhood. Therefore, we investigated the cross-lagged associations between PA, motor performance, and academic skills from grade 1 to grade 3 in Finnish primary school children. METHODS A total of 189 children 6-9 yr old at baseline comprised the study sample. Total PA was assessed using a questionnaire filled out by parents, moderate-to-vigorous PA by combined heart rate and body movement monitor, motor performance by 10 × 5-m shuttle run test, and academic skills by arithmetic fluency and reading comprehension tests in grade 1 and grade 3. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling adjusted for gender, parental education, and household income. RESULTS The final model fitted the data very well ( χ237 = 68.516, P = 0.0012, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.067, comparative fit index = 0.95, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.89) and explained 91% of variance in the latent academic skills variable, 41% of the variance in the latent PA variable, and 32% of variance in motor performance in grade 3. Better motor performance in grade 1 was associated with higher academic skills in grade 3, but it did not predict PA. PA was not directly or indirectly associated with academic skills. However, higher levels of PA in grade 1 predicted better motor performance in grade 3. Academic skills did not predict PA or motor performance. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that better motor performance, but not PA, predicts later academic skills. Academic skills in grade 1 do not contribute to PA or motor performance in the early school years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna-Maija Poikkeus
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FINLAND
| | | | - Soren Brage
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Pirjo Aunio
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND
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Liu Y, Ge X, Li H, Zhang E, Hu F, Cai Y, Xiang M. Physical activity maintenance and increase in Chinese children and adolescents: the role of intrinsic motivation and parental support. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1175439. [PMID: 37583889 PMCID: PMC10424444 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1175439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This longitudinal study aimed to examine the association of intrinsic motivation, parental physical activity, and parental support with physical activity maintenance and increase among children and adolescents. Methods A sample of 2,424 children and adolescents in Shanghai, China participated in the two-wave survey before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire measured children and adolescents' physical activity and intrinsic motivation, as well as their parental physical activity and support (concern for their child and co-activity with their child). Multivariable logistic regressions were performed by groups to examine the associations between these factors and physical activity change. Results Most children and adolescents exhibited a decline in physical activity participation during the pandemic, as indicated by a mere 15.0 and 8.0% of individuals maintaining and increasing their pre-pandemic levels, respectively. Among the initially active participants, perceived self-choice [OR = 1.341 (95%CI: 1.173-1.533)] and parental concern [OR = 1.922 (95%CI: 1.204-3.068)] predicted maintained physical activity. Increased physical activity was predicted by perceived enjoyment [OR = 1.193 (95%CI: 1.046-1.362)] and parental co-activity (OR = 1.995 [95%CI: 1.095-3.633]). Conclusion This study provides longitudinal evidence that intrinsic motivation and parental support can have a positive impact when physical activity levels change significantly. Effective interventions targeting multilevel factors are needed to maintain or increase children and adolescents' physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Hosokawa R, Fujimoto M, Katsura T. Parental support for physical activity and children's physical activities: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:90. [PMID: 37491297 PMCID: PMC10367251 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) in school-aged children is imperative for physical and mental development. However, there has been reduced PA among children in recent years owing to environmental changes, resulting in declining physical strength and athletic ability. Although parents' and children's PA has been found to be correlated, the specific parental caregiving attitudes associated with children's actual levels of PA during school-age years remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between parental support for PA and children's levels of PA. METHODS In 2017, a self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to 1,515 third-grade students (8-9 years old) and their caregivers in Nagoya, Aichi, a major metropolitan area in Japan. The main items surveyed included the attitudes of children and parents towards PA and the children's actual PA level. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with parental involvement related to PA as the explanatory variable and children's PA as the objective variable. RESULTS In total, 717 children with valid responses were included in the analysis. The mean age of the children was 9.08 ± 0.33 years; 366 (51.0%) were boys, and 351 (49.0%) were girls. For moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous PA, PA levels tended to be significantly higher in children whose parents provided logistic support such as enrolling their children in a sports club. However, for moderate PA and walking, PA levels tended to be significantly higher in children whose parents used community resources. Modeling and limiting sedentary activities were not associated with children's PA. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that direct parental assistance for PA such as logistic support encourages children to engage in moderate-to-vigorous PA; in addition, parental use of community resources may encourage children to engage in moderate and light PA such as walking. Conversely, indirect and negative involvement such as modeling and limiting sedentary activities were not associated with children's PA. Therefore, logistic support may need to be strengthened to encourage moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous PA, which is important for children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuya Hosokawa
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Megumi Fujimoto
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Osaka Seikei University, Osaka, 533-0007, Japan
| | - Toshiki Katsura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Kyoto, 629-0392, Japan
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Freire K, Pope R, Size I, Andrews K, Fitz-Gerald E, Bowman T. Social exercise interventions for children who have complex developmental needs: A systematic review. J Child Health Care 2023:13674935231190984. [PMID: 37471588 DOI: 10.1177/13674935231190984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Exercise interventions are identified as effective treatments for children not meeting developmental milestones. This systematic review synthesizes research regarding exercise interventions that involved social participatory elements, for children with complex developmental needs. Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Emcare, Proquest Theses and Dissertations, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched systematically for relevant studies. Peer-reviewed studies meeting the review aim and published between 2000 and 2021 in English, were included. Methodological quality of 49 eligible studies (47 controlled trials, two mixed methods, total of 2355 participants) was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Narrative synthesis identified two groups of studies: Group 1 incorporated intentional social participatory elements; Group 2 likely involved incidental social participation. Most studies were of moderate to low methodological quality. Few measured impacts of interventions upon total physical activity levels. Short-term improvements in physical outcomes - particularly motor skills - were most frequently reported and were the main benefit of social exercise interventions for children with complex developmental needs, for which evidence exists. Further rigorous, longitudinal research is needed to assess social, psychological, and executive function outcomes of social exercise interventions in this population. Such interventions should incorporate booster sessions to provide children with greater opportunity to meet developmental milestones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Freire
- Three Rivers Department of Rural Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Rod Pope
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Isabella Size
- Child and Family Services, Royal Far West, Manly, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristen Andrews
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Fitz-Gerald
- Child and Family Services, Royal Far West, Manly, NSW, Australia
| | - Tricia Bowman
- Division of Library Services, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
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Vega-Díaz M, González-García H, De Labra C. Parenting profiles: motivation toward health-oriented physical activity and intention to be physically active. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:205. [PMID: 37438804 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents influence their sons' and daughters' interest in practicing and maintaining physical activity through parenting patterns. OBJECTIVE To identify perceived parenting style profiles and examine whether the participants differed in their motivation toward health-oriented physical activity and the intention to be physically active. METHOD A sample of 296 participants completed a series of self-report measures and a latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed. RESULTS Two profiles emerged as the most suitable: profile (a) with average scores in parenting variables, and profile (b) with high scores in parenting variables. The results revealed significant differences in integrated regulation and in amotivation, reporting higher scores for profile (b) in the parenting variables love/affection, hostility/aggression, and indifference/neglect, and average in undifferentiated/rejection and control. CONCLUSION The combination of perceived parenting style variables in the profiles seems to influence people's motivation toward health-oriented physical activity. As such, it is crucial to understand parenting from a multivariate approach, mostly in interventions to adjust parenting styles to the most suitable combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vega-Díaz
- Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña Galicia, Spain.
| | - Higinio González-García
- TECNODEF Research Group, Faculty of Education, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Carmen De Labra
- NEUROcom, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña, A Coruña Galicia, Spain
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Laukkanen A, Niemistö D, Aunola K, Barnett LM, Sääkslahti A. Child perceived motor competence as a moderator between physical activity parenting and child objectively measured physical activity. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 67:102444. [PMID: 37665868 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This longitudinal study aimed to examine how physical activity parenting (PAP) directly predicted objectively measured children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentariness over a three-year transitional period from early to middle childhood, and second, whether the children's perception of motor competence (PMC) mediated or moderated the influence of PAP to children's MVPA or sedentariness. At time 1 (T1), PAP and children's (N = 396, mean age 5.80, SD 1.04) PA were assessed by parental questionnaire. Three years later, at time 2 (T2), children's (N = 396, mean age 8.80, SD 1.04) PMC was measured by a validated pictorial scale, and MVPA and sedentariness were measured by accelerometers. All the analyses were conducted using the Mplus statistical package (Version 8.4). The models were adjusted for the following covariates: children's PA (T1), gender (T1), age (T1), mean accelerometer measurement in hours per day (T2), and parents' education level (T1). Results showed that PAP at T1 did not significantly predict level of MVPA or sedentary time at T2 and, therefore, PMC did not mediate the PAP-children's MVPA or sedentary time relationship either. However, PMC significantly moderated the relationship between PAP and MVPA but not between PAP and sedentary time. The results suggested that parental support positively predicts children's MVPA among children with low PMC but not among children with high PMC. This unique finding proposes that family-based PA interventions could benefit from screening of children with low PMC and provision of PA counselling to their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arto Laukkanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Donna Niemistö
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisa Aunola
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition / School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Arja Sääkslahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Su DL, Lee AS, Chung JS, Tang TC, Capio CM, Zhang L, Chan DK. Significant others and students' leisure-time physical activity intention: A prospective test of the social influence in sport model. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:275-279. [PMID: 37288442 PMCID: PMC10242626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This two-wave prospective study applied the Social Influence in Sport Model to investigate whether the social influences of parents, physical education (PE) teachers, and peers were predictive of students' intention to engage in leisure-time physical activity (PA). Participants were 2,484 secondary school students (11-18 years old) who completed a questionnaire assessing positive influence, punishment, and dysfunction from the three social agents (parents, PE teachers, and peers) at baseline, and PA intention at a 1-month follow-up. Structural equation modelling (SEM) yielded excellent goodness-of-fit and consistent pathways between the three social agents. Students' leisure-time PA intention (R2 = .103 to 0.112) was positively associated with positive influence (β = .223 to 0.236, p < .001) and punishment (β = .214 to 0.256, p < .01), and negatively associated with dysfunction (β = - 0.281 to -.335, p < .001). Multi-group SEM showed that the predictions were invariant between parents, PE teachers, and peers. Furthermore, no significant differences in students' gender were found between perceived social influence and PA intention. The findings supported the application of the Social Influence in Sport Model in explaining the role of significant others on students' intention to take part in leisure-time PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana L.Y. Su
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | - Catherine M. Capio
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines
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Zhang Y, Cao R, Li C, Shi Z, Sheng H, Xu Y. Experiences, Perspectives, and Barriers to Physical Activity Parenting Practices for Chinese Early Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37279897 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play an important role in shaping youth's lifestyle behaviors. This study aimed to investigate physical activity parenting practices (PAPP) for Chinese early adolescents and compare reporting discrepancies between parents and adolescent boys and girls. METHODS Fifty-five adolescent-parent dyads participated in 16 paired focus group interviews, and an additional 122 dyads completed questionnaire surveys with open-ended questions. Participants were recruited from 3 public middle schools in Suzhou, China. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively using an open-coding scheme. Frequencies of codes were compared by parent-child role and adolescent gender using chi-square tests. RESULTS Eighteen types of PAPP were identified and grouped into 6 categories: goals/control, structure, parental physical activity participation, communication, support, and discipline. These PAPP were viewed as promotive, preventive, or ineffective. Participants had mixed opinions on the effects of 11 PAPP and identified parental, adolescent, and environmental barriers for parents to promote youth physical activity. Compared with parents, adolescents were more likely to value the effects of setting expectation, scheduling, and coparticipation as well as dislike pressuring, restriction, and punishment. Girls were more likely to favor coparticipation and were more sensitive about negative communication than boys. Parents paid more attention to environmental barriers, whereas adolescents, especially girls, focused more on personal issues. CONCLUSIONS Future studies need to address both positive and negative PAPP as well as perception discrepancies by child-parent role and adolescent gender to generate more evidence to promote parents as favorable socialization agents of youth physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjie Zhang
- Department of Child Health and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, JS,China
| | - Ruohong Cao
- Department of Child Health and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, JS,China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing, BJ,China
| | - Ziying Shi
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at Xuhui District, Shanghai, SHG,China
| | - Hui Sheng
- Division of School Health, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, JS,China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Child Health and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, JS,China
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Johnson JL, Coleman A, Kwarteng JL, Holmes AU, Kermah D, Bruce MA, Beech BM. The Association between Adult Sport, Fitness, and Recreational Physical Activity and Number and Age of Children Present in the Household: A Secondary Analysis Using NHANES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5942. [PMID: 37297546 PMCID: PMC10253130 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Only one in three adults in the United States meets the weekly recommendation for physical activity (PA). The presence of children in the home may restrict adult PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between adult moderate and vigorous sport, fitness, and recreational physical activities and the number and age (0-5 and 6-17) of children in their household. Secondary data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007-2016. Adults with complete survey data for self-reported moderate (MPA) and vigorous physical activities (VPA), number of children in the home, and other sociodemographic variables were included. The final sample included 2034 adults from 22-65 years of age. Analyses included ANOVAs and separate multivariable regression analyses to determine if the number of children in the household aged 0-5 and 6-17 were significant predictors of weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) after controlling for covariates. For MPA, no differences were found between adult PA regardless of the number and age of children in the home. For VPA, adults with two or more children aged 0-5 reported 80 fewer minutes of weekly VPA (p < 0.05) compared to those with no children or just one child in this age group after controlling for all covariates. Finally, adults with three or more children in the household aged 6-17 reported fifty fewer minutes of weekly VPA (p < 0.05) compared to those with no children, one, or just two in the household. These findings highlight a need to support the vigorous PA behaviors of this population, as the majority of the family-based PA intervention studies to date have primarily focused on family dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerraco L. Johnson
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Ailton Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA;
| | - Jamila L. Kwarteng
- Division of Community Health, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Ahondju U. Holmes
- University of Oklahoma Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73014, USA;
| | - Dulcie Kermah
- Urban Health Institute Student Research Core Charles R., Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
| | - Marino A. Bruce
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77021, USA; (M.A.B.); (B.M.B.)
- UH Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Bettina M. Beech
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77021, USA; (M.A.B.); (B.M.B.)
- UH Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77021, USA
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Beck F, Marzi I, Renninger D, Demetriou Y, Engels ES, Niermann C, Reimers AK. Associations of parents' and adolescents' active travel behavior across various destinations - a sex/gender analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:522. [PMID: 36934259 PMCID: PMC10024016 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active travel behavior such as walking and cycling is associated with several health benefits. Especially the family environment seems to be important for active travel in children and adolescents. Currently, little is known regarding travel behavior in leisure time and associations of travel behavior within parent-adolescent dyads. METHODS The present analysis is based on the German ARRIVE study (Active tRavel behavioR in the famIly enVironmEnt), which incorporated a large scale, representative cross-sectional online survey including 517 parent-child dyads consisting of adolescents (N = 517; boys = 263, girls = 254) aged 11-15 years and one of their parents (N = 517; fathers = 259, mothers = 258). Based on that survey which took place in June 2021 (during the COVID-19 pandemic), we calculated the prevalence of active travel to four commonly visited destinations (school/work, friends/relatives, shopping stores and recreational activities) using an adapted version of the travel to school questionnaire by Segura-Diaz JM, Rojas-Jimenez A, Barranco-Ruiz Y, Murillo-Pardo B, Saucedo-Araujo RG, Aranda-Balboa MJ, et al. (Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(14), 2020). In addition, we investigated the associations between parents' and adolescents' travel behavior using scores for school/work, leisure time (friends/relatives, shopping stores and recreational activities) and overall (school/work and leisure time). RESULTS Across all destinations, prevalence of active travel in adolescents (63.08%) was higher than in parents (29.21%). Active travel to school (47.33%) as well as to work (20.43%) indicated the lowest prevalence. Linear regression models revealed significant associations in overall active travel between mothers and adolescents (girls: β = 0.308, p < 0.001; boys: β = 0.302, p = 0.001) and in leisure time active travel behavior between mothers and daughters (β = 0.316, p < 0.001). Related to school/work active travel there were no associations between parents and adolescents. CONCLUSION The associations between adolescents' and parents' travel behavior differ depending on gender: they are solely seen in mother-adolescents dyads. Furthermore, our findings conclude that travel is a routine and independent of the destination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Beck
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstraße 123B, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Isabel Marzi
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstraße 123B, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denise Renninger
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Eliane Stephanie Engels
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstraße 123B, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Niermann
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kerstin Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstraße 123B, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Rojo-Ramos J, Castillo-Paredes A, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Adsuar JC, Polo-Campos I, Gomez-Paniagua S, Galán-Arroyo C. Children's Influence on Their Parents' Satisfaction with Physical Activity in Nature: An Exploratory Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5093. [PMID: 36981999 PMCID: PMC10049514 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity in nature has several benefits as it is important for good health, offering physical, social, psychological or even ecological benefits. Nevertheless, in order to maintain adherence to this practice, high levels of satisfaction with the practice are necessary. The objective of this study is to explore whether children's characteristics influence parental satisfaction with physical activity in nature, analyzing possible differences according to the gender and age of their children. Two hundred and eighty parents responded to two sociodemographic questions in addition to the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), which consists of 16 items. The normality of the data was determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Subsequently, nonparametric tests were used to analyze the variables of gender and age in the items, dimensions and total scores of the questionnaire. Statistical differences were found in some of the positive items, which varied according to the age of the children. However, no significant differences were found in the items with respect to the children's gender or when examining the dimensions or total score of the questionnaire based on both variables. Likewise, age did not show significant correlations with the dimensions and the total score of the questionnaire. Consequently, this study indicates that a child's age may influence parents' positive perceptions of the enjoyment of physical activity in nature. Similarly, the gender of the child does not seem to influence these perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, República 71, Santiago 8370040, Chile
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Irene Polo-Campos
- BioẼrgon Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Santiago Gomez-Paniagua
- BioẼrgon Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carmen Galán-Arroyo
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Jiang Y, Xiao H, Yang F. Accompanying your children: Living without parents at different stages of pre-adulthood and individual physical and mental health in adulthood. Front Public Health 2023; 11:992539. [PMID: 36992894 PMCID: PMC10040656 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.992539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study examined how living without parents at different stages of childhood and adolescence affects physical and mental health in adulthood.MethodsThe data came from 3,464 survey respondents aged 18–36 in the 2018 China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey. Physical health was self-rated. Mental health was measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. The ordered probit and ordinary least-squares regression analyses were employed to determine the associations between growing up without parents at different stages in pre-adulthood and individual physical and mental health in adulthood.ResultsIndividuals who did not live with their parents during their minor years were more likely to report worse physical and mental health in adulthood, compared to those who lived with their parents. This difference was heterogeneous among different age stages and genders.ConclusionsAbsence of parents in the household has long-term impacts on the physical and mental health of children in adulthood, especially for females. The government should make feasible institutional arrangements to avoid the separation of minor children from their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Department of Demography, Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanling Xiao
- Department of Labor and Social Security, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Labor and Social Security, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Yang
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Do B, Lopez NV, Dunton GF, Mason TB. Motivational and self-regulatory processes associated with weight-related parenting behaviors. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2023; 5:100049. [PMID: 37990744 PMCID: PMC10662018 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Parents play an influential role on their child's eating and physical activity. How maternal personality and individual differences, such as motivation and self-regulation, are associated with their weight-related parenting has yet to be studied. The current study examined relationships of mothers' motivational and self-regulatory characteristics with weight-related parenting practices. Methods Mothers (N = 149, MAge = 42.78 years, 49% Hispanic/Latino) of school-aged children (ages 10-14 years, 55.7% female) completed questionnaires assessing behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS), self-control, and weight-related parenting practices (i.e., role modeling, food restriction, rule enforcement, limiting, discipline, pressure to eat). Structural equation modeling examined associations of BIS, BAS, and self-control with parenting practices. Results Among mothers, higher avoidance motivation was associated with difficulty with rule enforcement. Higher approach motivation was associated with less limiting of unhealthy food and sedentary behavior. Higher self-control predicted more role modeling and less difficulty with rule enforcement. Conclusion Findings support associations of maternal motivational and self-regulatory processes with weight-related parenting behaviors. Results may inform tailored strategies based on individual differences for family-based interventions for parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Do
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Nanette V. Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Genevieve F. Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
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Goncalves WSF, Byrne R, de Lira PIC, Viana MT, Trost SG. Parental Influences on Physical Activity and Screen Time among Preschool Children from Low-Income Families in Brazil. Child Obes 2023; 19:112-120. [PMID: 35653741 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Children from low-middle income countries (LMIC) are disproportionately affected by obesity, and low physical activity (PA) and high screen time (ST) are major contributors. Parents are key influencers on children's PA and ST, yet, no study has investigated relationships between parenting practices and children's PA and ST in LMIC families. This study examined parental influences on PA and ST among preschool-aged children from low-income families in Brazil. Methods: Parents completed a validated, culturally adapted interviewer-administered survey assessing child ST and parenting practices. Child sedentary time, total movement, and energetic play were measured by accelerometery. Results: Data were available on 77 parent-child dyads [mean age 4.6 years (standard deviation = 0.8), 53% male, and 41% mixed-race]. Parenting practices associated with greater PA were use of PA to reward/control behavior (rho = 0.34-0.49), limiting or monitoring ST (rho = 0.30), explicit modeling/enjoyment of PA (rho = 0.24), verbal encouragement for PA (rho = 0.30), and importance and value of PA (rho = 0.24-0.38; p < 0.05). Parenting practices associated with higher ST were rules around active play indoor (rho = 0.23), use of ST to reward/control behavior (rho = 0.30), exposure to screens (rho = 0.40), and explicit modeling/enjoyment of ST (rho = 0.50; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Recognized parenting practices such as explicit modeling of PA and ST, monitoring and limiting ST, and rules and restrictions about PA and ST are associated with young children's PA and ST in low-income Brazilian families. The findings identify potential targets for family-based interventions to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors and prevent childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Byrne
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Stewart G Trost
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Rhodes RE, Blanchard CM, Hartson KR, Symons Downs D, Warburton DER, Beauchamp MR. Affective Response to Exercise and Affective Judgments as Predictors of Physical Activity Intention and Behavior among New Mothers in their first 6-Months Postpartum. Ann Behav Med 2023; 57:344-353. [PMID: 36745018 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the predictors of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during early postpartum is important to improve promotion efforts. Affect-related constructs are key predictors of MVPA but have limited research in mothers during the postpartum period. PURPOSE To examine two affect-related constructs (affective response to exercise and affective judgments) as predictors of MVPA intention and behavior across three months, among a sample of new mothers. METHODS Participants were 105 mothers (M age = 30.64 years; SD = 3.93) who completed measures during postpartum at 2-months post-birth of their first child. The affective response to exercise (assessed at baseline [2-months postpartum] during a submaximal treadmill test), affective judgments and intention (baseline, 6-weeks after baseline), and MVPA (baseline, 6- and 12-weeks after baseline) were assessed via self-report. RESULTS Path analysis, using ordinary least squares regression, showed that the affective response during exercise was a significant predictor of intention (baseline, 6-weeks), as well as change in intention from baseline to 6-weeks. By contrast, affective judgments predicted intention at 6-weeks, but not at baseline or in the change model. Past MVPA did not moderate these findings, although the affective response during exercise also had a significant indirect effect on MVPA through intention at 6-weeks and 12-weeks. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting women's affective response during exercise may be important during postpartum, perhaps through self-paced physical activity guidance. Affective judgments may not be predictive of MVPA, in part due to unanticipated changes during early postpartum leading to inaccurate expectations of the physical activity experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Rhodes
- University of Victoria, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, Victoria, Canada
| | | | | | - Danielle Symons Downs
- Departments of Kinesiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Darren E R Warburton
- University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology (Faculty of Education), Vancouver, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program (Faculty of Medicine), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology (Faculty of Education), Vancouver, Canada
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46
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Johnson AM, Tandon PS, Hafferty KR, Senturia K, Garrett KA, Bollinger BJ, Kroshus E. Barriers and facilitators to comprehensive, school-based physical activity promotion for adolescents prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2023; 38:69-83. [PMID: 36458631 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to comprehensive, school-based physical activity (PA) promotion among adolescents prior to and during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considering the perspectives of students, parents, and school staff. Data were collected from 2020 to 2021 using semi-structured individual interviews with students (n = 15), parents (n = 20), and school staff (n = 8) at a Title I middle school (i.e. high percentage of students from low-income families). Two theoretical frameworks guided analysis: the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program framework and Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. Using an iteratively developed codebook, data were coded, thematically analyzed, and synthesized. PA barriers and facilitators were present throughout the school day, at home, and in the community. Key determinants included pandemic-induced challenges (e.g. COVID-19 exposure); neighborhood characteristics/weather (e.g. neighborhood safety); school-family communication/collaboration; implementation climate (i.e. school staff's support for programming); time, spatial, and monetary resources (e.g. funding); staffing capacity/continuity and school champions; staffing creativity and adaptability; PA opportunities before, during, and after school; and child's motivation/engagement. Efforts to improve school-based PA programs, irrespective of pandemic conditions, should include strategies that address factors at the community, school, family and individual levels. School-family communication/collaboration, school staff programming support, and PA opportunities throughout the day can help promote comprehensive, school-based PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh M Johnson
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Pooja S Tandon
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Box 356320, Seattle, WA 98115-8160, USA
| | - Kiana R Hafferty
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kirsten Senturia
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kimberly A Garrett
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Beth J Bollinger
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Emily Kroshus
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Box 356320, Seattle, WA 98115-8160, USA
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47
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Larouche R, Kleinfeld M, Charles Rodriguez U, Hatten C, Hecker V, Scott DR, Brown LM, Onyeso OK, Sadia F, Shimamura H. Determinants of Outdoor Time in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1328. [PMID: 36674085 PMCID: PMC9859594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spending more time outdoors can improve children's social and cognitive development, physical activity, and vision. Our systematic review summarized the determinants of outdoor time (OT) based on the social-ecological model. We searched nine databases: MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, SocINDEX, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. To be included, studies needed to be quantitative and longitudinal, include ≥1 potential determinant of OT among 0- to 17-year-olds, and be published in English, French, Japanese, or Spanish. We extracted the authors, publication year, country, design, sample size, OT measures, follow-up period, potential determinants, main results, and potential moderators or mediators. Fifty-five studies examining 119 potential determinants met the inclusion criteria. OT was consistently higher in warmer seasons and among participants reporting more OT at baseline. All three interventions that included both parent sessions and additional resources to promote OT (e.g., specific advice and community guides) were effective. COVID-19 restrictions and sun safety interventions discouraging midday outdoor activities led to less OT. The quality of evidence was rated as weak for 46 studies. Most potential determinants were examined in ≤3 studies; thus, more longitudinal studies are needed to enable stronger conclusions about the consistency of evidence and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Larouche
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Madeline Kleinfeld
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | | | - Cheryl Hatten
- School of Human Services, Lethbridge College, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
| | - Victoria Hecker
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - David R. Scott
- Library, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Leanna Marie Brown
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Ogochukwu K. Onyeso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Farzana Sadia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Hanako Shimamura
- Faculty of Applied Community Studies, Douglas College, Coquitlam, BC V3B 7X3, Canada
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48
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de Geus EJ. Genetic Pathways Underlying Individual Differences in Regular Physical Activity. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:2-18. [PMID: 36044740 PMCID: PMC9762726 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Twin and family studies show a strong contribution of genetic factors to physical activity (PA) assessed by either self-report or accelerometers. PA heritability is around 43% across the lifespan. Genome-wide association studies have implied biological pathways related to exercise ability and enjoyment. A polygenic score based on genetic variants influencing PA could help improve the success of intervention programs.
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49
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Dennis CL, Birken CS, Brennenstuhl S, Wrottesley S, Marini F, Bell RC, Tremblay MS, Prioreschi A. Describing 24-hour movement behaviours among preconception and recently pregnant Canadian parents: who do we need to target? Behav Med 2023; 49:83-95. [PMID: 34809524 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2021.1987854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines and determine factors associated with meeting guidelines in pregnancy planning and recently postpartum parents. A survey of preconception care attitudes and beliefs was conducted in Canadian adults who were pregnancy planning or ≤5 years postpartum. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate physical activity and sedentary time. Respondents reported the number of hours spent sleeping and using a screen per day. Multiple logistic regressions were run to determine factors (sociodemographic and health related) associated with meeting each individual movement guideline and number of guidelines met. 1080 females and 224 males provided survey data. 54.0% (n = 654) of the sample met the physical activity guideline, with no difference between females and males. More than 78.4% (n = 909) met the sedentary behavior guideline, 56.4% (n = 679) met the sleep guideline, and 15.4% (n = 187) met the screen time guideline. Only 5.0% (n = 60) of the sample met all four guidelines. Higher odds of meeting more guidelines were associated with parity and perceived health. Lower odds of meeting more guidelines were associated with obesity and overweight; and with depression. Most parents and parents-to-be are not meeting 24-hour movement guidelines. Interventions should focus on optimizing movement behaviors in the peri-partum period, while focusing on mental health, obesity, and general wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy-Lee Dennis
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Brennenstuhl
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephanie Wrottesley
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Flavia Marini
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rhonda C Bell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alessandra Prioreschi
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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50
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Krishnakumar P, Coccia C. Perceived Role of Asian Indian Fathers in Florida During Mealtimes: Factors to Consider for Their Involvement in Childhood Obesity Prevention. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2023; 46:28-38. [PMID: 36083175 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that fathers play an important role in children's mealtimes and dietary habits; yet, little is known about the factors that affect how fathers perceive this role, especially among Asian Indians. This study aimed to examine how Asian Indian fathers perceive their role during child mealtimes and the factors that are associated with fathers' mealtime perceptions. Eighty Asian Indian fathers of 6- to 11-year-old children completed an online survey including measures of demographics, acculturation, gender roles, nutrition knowledge, parental self-efficacy, perceived child weight, and the role of father at mealtime (ROFM). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression. Participants perceived a moderately high level of responsibility during child mealtimes. Regression analysis showed that fathers who had higher income, perceived child weight as being higher, and had higher self-efficacy in feeding children healthy food had higher ROFM. Higher father nutrition knowledge was correlated with lower perceived ROFM, indicating a lack of confidence in utilizing their nutrition knowledge during child mealtimes. The results indicate potential targets to improve Asian Indian fathers' involvement during child mealtimes. These results could be utilized to enhance their engagement in child mealtime healthy eating practices and for childhood obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Krishnakumar
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Florida International University, Miami
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