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Richardson KC, Jung K, Matsubara JA, Choy JC, Granville DJ. Granzyme B in aging and age-related pathologies. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00204-1. [PMID: 39181801 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for pathologies that manifest later in life. Much attention is devoted towards elucidating how prolonged environmental exposures and inflammation promote biological (accelerated) tissue aging. Granzymes, a family of serine proteases, are increasingly recognized for their emerging roles in biological aging and disease. Widely recognized as intracellular mediators of cell death, granzymes, particularly granzyme B (GzmB), also accumulate in the extracellular milieu of tissues with age, contributing to chronic tissue injury, inflammation, and impaired healing. Consequently, this has prompted the field to reconsider how GzmB regulation, accumulation, and proteolysis impact health and disease with age. While GzmB is observed in numerous age-related conditions, the current review focuses on mechanistic studies where proof-of-concept has been forwarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn C Richardson
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Jung
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Choy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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2
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Sun Q, Chen W, Wu R, Tao B, Wang P, Sun B, Alvarez JF, Ma F, Galindo DC, Maroney SP, Saviola AJ, Hansen KC, Li S, Deb A. Serine protease inhibitor, SerpinA3n, regulates cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:943-953. [PMID: 38666458 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Following myocardial infarction (MI), the heart repairs itself via a fibrotic repair response. The degree of fibrosis is determined by the balance between deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) by activated fibroblasts and breakdown of nascent scar tissue by proteases that are secreted predominantly by inflammatory cells. Excessive proteolytic activity and matrix turnover has been observed in human heart failure, and protease inhibitors in the injured heart regulate matrix breakdown. Serine protease inhibitors (Serpins) represent the largest and the most functionally diverse family of evolutionary conserved protease inhibitors, and levels of the specific Serpin, SerpinA3, have been strongly associated with clinical outcomes in human MI as well as non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies. Yet, the role of Serpins in regulating cardiac remodelling is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to understand the role of Serpins in regulating scar formation after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a SerpinA3n conditional knockout mice model, we observed the robust expression of Serpins in the infarcted murine heart and demonstrate that genetic deletion of SerpinA3n (mouse homologue of SerpinA3) leads to increased activity of substrate proteases, poorly compacted matrix, and significantly worse post-infarct cardiac function. Single-cell transcriptomics complemented with histology in SerpinA3n-deficient animals demonstrated increased inflammation, adverse myocyte hypertrophy, and expression of pro-hypertrophic genes. Proteomic analysis of scar tissue demonstrated decreased cross-linking of ECM peptides consistent with increased proteolysis in SerpinA3n-deficient animals. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a hitherto unappreciated causal role of Serpins in regulating matrix function and post-infarct cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Rimao Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Bo Tao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Baiming Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Juan F Alvarez
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David Ceja Galindo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Maroney
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anthony J Saviola
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Shen Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 675 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Drive S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095 CA, USA
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3
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Aubert A, Jung K, Hiroyasu S, Pardo J, Granville DJ. Granzyme serine proteases in inflammation and rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:361-376. [PMID: 38689140 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Granzymes (granule-secreted enzymes) are a family of serine proteases that have been viewed as redundant cytotoxic enzymes since their discovery more than 30 years ago. Predominantly produced by cytotoxic lymphocytes and natural killer cells, granzymes are delivered into the cytoplasm of target cells through immunological synapses in cooperation with the pore-forming protein perforin. After internalization, granzymes can initiate cell death through the cleavage of intracellular substrates. However, evidence now also demonstrates the existence of non-cytotoxic, pro-inflammatory, intracellular and extracellular functions that are granzyme specific. Under pathological conditions, granzymes can be produced and secreted extracellularly by immune cells as well as by non-immune cells. Depending on the granzyme, accumulation in the extracellular milieu might contribute to inflammation, tissue injury, impaired wound healing, barrier dysfunction, osteoclastogenesis and/or autoantigen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Aubert
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre; British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Jung
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre; British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sho Hiroyasu
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Julian Pardo
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA); Department of Microbiology, Radiology, Paediatrics and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre; British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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4
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Lindman M, Estevez I, Marmut E, DaPrano EM, Chou TW, Newman K, Atkins C, O’Brown NM, Daniels BP. Astrocytic RIPK3 exerts protective anti-inflammatory activity during viral encephalitis via induction of serpin protease inhibitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595181. [PMID: 38826345 PMCID: PMC11142122 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Flaviviruses pose a significant threat to public health due to their ability to infect the central nervous system (CNS) and cause severe neurologic disease. Astrocytes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of flavivirus encephalitis through their maintenance of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and their modulation of immune cell recruitment and activation within the CNS. We have previously shown that receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) is a central coordinator of neuroinflammation during CNS viral infection, a function that occurs independently of its canonical function in inducing necroptotic cell death. To date, however, roles for necroptosis-independent RIPK3 signaling in astrocytes are poorly understood. Here, we use mouse genetic tools to induce astrocyte-specific deletion, overexpression, and chemogenetic activation of RIPK3 to demonstrate an unexpected anti-inflammatory function for astrocytic RIPK3. RIPK3 activation in astrocytes was required for host survival in multiple models of flavivirus encephalitis, where it restricted neuropathogenesis by limiting immune cell recruitment to the CNS. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that, despite inducing a traditional pro-inflammatory transcriptional program, astrocytic RIPK3 paradoxically promoted neuroprotection through the upregulation of serpins, endogenous protease inhibitors with broad immunomodulatory activity. Notably, intracerebroventricular administration of SerpinA3N in infected mice preserved BBB integrity, reduced leukocyte infiltration, and improved survival outcomes in mice lacking astrocytic RIPK3. These findings highlight a previously unappreciated role for astrocytic RIPK3 in suppressing pathologic neuroinflammation and suggests new therapeutic targets for the treatment of flavivirus encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Lindman
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Irving Estevez
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Eduard Marmut
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Evan M. DaPrano
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Tsui-Wen Chou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kimberly Newman
- Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Colm Atkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Natasha M. O’Brown
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Brian P. Daniels
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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5
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Kukanja P, Langseth CM, Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby LA, Agirre E, Zheng C, Raman A, Yokota C, Avenel C, Tiklová K, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Olsson T, Hilscher MM, Nilsson M, Castelo-Branco G. Cellular architecture of evolving neuroinflammatory lesions and multiple sclerosis pathology. Cell 2024; 187:1990-2009.e19. [PMID: 38513664 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by multifocal lesions and smoldering pathology. Although single-cell analyses provided insights into cytopathology, evolving cellular processes underlying MS remain poorly understood. We investigated the cellular dynamics of MS by modeling temporal and regional rates of disease progression in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). By performing single-cell spatial expression profiling using in situ sequencing (ISS), we annotated disease neighborhoods and found centrifugal evolution of active lesions. We demonstrated that disease-associated (DA)-glia arise independently of lesions and are dynamically induced and resolved over the disease course. Single-cell spatial mapping of human archival MS spinal cords confirmed the differential distribution of homeostatic and DA-glia, enabled deconvolution of active and inactive lesions into sub-compartments, and identified new lesion areas. By establishing a spatial resource of mouse and human MS neuropathology at a single-cell resolution, our study unveils the intricate cellular dynamics underlying MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kukanja
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christoffer M Langseth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eneritz Agirre
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chao Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amitha Raman
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chika Yokota
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christophe Avenel
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; BioImage Informatics Facility, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Tiklová
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André O Guerreiro-Cacais
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Markus M Hilscher
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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6
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Andreadou M, Ingelfinger F, De Feo D, Cramer TLM, Tuzlak S, Friebel E, Schreiner B, Eede P, Schneeberger S, Geesdorf M, Ridder F, Welsh CA, Power L, Kirschenbaum D, Tyagarajan SK, Greter M, Heppner FL, Mundt S, Becher B. IL-12 sensing in neurons induces neuroprotective CNS tissue adaptation and attenuates neuroinflammation in mice. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1701-1712. [PMID: 37749256 PMCID: PMC10545539 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent driver of type 1 immunity. Paradoxically, in autoimmune conditions, including of the CNS, IL-12 reduces inflammation. The underlying mechanism behind these opposing properties and the involved cellular players remain elusive. Here we map IL-12 receptor (IL-12R) expression to NK and T cells as well as neurons and oligodendrocytes. Conditionally ablating the IL-12R across these cell types in adult mice and assessing their susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis revealed that the neuroprotective role of IL-12 is mediated by neuroectoderm-derived cells, specifically neurons, and not immune cells. In human brain tissue from donors with multiple sclerosis, we observe an IL-12R distribution comparable to mice, suggesting similar mechanisms in mice and humans. Combining flow cytometry, bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we reveal an IL-12-induced neuroprotective tissue adaption preventing early neurodegeneration and sustaining trophic factor release during neuroinflammation, thereby maintaining CNS integrity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Andreadou
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Ingelfinger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Donatella De Feo
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Teresa L M Cramer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neurodevelopmental Pharmacology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Selma Tuzlak
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina Friebel
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Schreiner
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Eede
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shirin Schneeberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Geesdorf
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederike Ridder
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina A Welsh
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Power
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Kirschenbaum
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shiva K Tyagarajan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neurodevelopmental Pharmacology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Greter
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank L Heppner
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Mundt
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Wang X, Jiang Y, Feng B, Ma X, Zhang K, Yang F, Liu Z, Yang L, Yue J, Lu L, Song D, Guo Q, Qi J, Li X, Wang M, Zhang H, Huang J, Zhao M, Liu S. PJA1 mediates the effects of astrocytic GPR30 on learning and memory in female mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165812. [PMID: 37712419 PMCID: PMC10503807 DOI: 10.1172/jci165812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is not recommended for treating learning and memory decline in menopausal women because it exerts adverse effects by activating classic estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. The membrane estrogen receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) has been reported to be involved in memory modulation; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we found that GPR30 deletion in astrocytes, but not in neurons, impaired learning and memory in female mice. Astrocytic GPR30 depletion induced A1 phenotype transition, impairing neuronal function. Further exploration revealed that Praja1 (PJA1), a RING ubiquitin ligase, mediated the effects of astrocytic GPR30 on learning and memory by binding to Serpina3n, which is a molecular marker of neuroinflammation in astrocytes. GPR30 positively modulated PJA1 expression through the CREB signaling pathway in cultured murine and human astrocytes. Additionally, the mRNA levels of GPR30 and PJA1 were reduced in exosomes isolated from postmenopausal women while Serpina3n levels were increased in the plasma. Together, our findings suggest a key role for astrocytic GPR30 in the learning and memory abilities of female mice and identify GPR30/PJA1/Serpina3n as potential therapeutic targets for learning and memory loss in peri- and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongli Jiang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ban Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Xue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Le Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Dake Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Qingjuan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Jingyu Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Xubo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
| | - Huinan Zhang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and
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8
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Liu C, Zhao XM, Wang Q, Du TT, Zhang MX, Wang HZ, Li RP, Liang K, Gao Y, Zhou SY, Xue T, Zhang JG, Han CL, Shi L, Zhang LW, Meng FG. Astrocyte-derived SerpinA3N promotes neuroinflammation and epileptic seizures by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:161. [PMID: 37422673 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02840-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired activation and regulation of the extinction of inflammatory cells and molecules in injured neuronal tissues are key factors in the development of epilepsy. SerpinA3N is mainly associated with the acute phase response and inflammatory response. In our current study, transcriptomics analysis, proteomics analysis, and Western blotting showed that the expression level of Serpin clade A member 3N (SerpinA3N) is significantly increased in the hippocampus of mice with kainic acid (KA)-induced temporal lobe epilepsy, and this molecule is mainly expressed in astrocytes. Notably, in vivo studies using gain- and loss-of-function approaches revealed that SerpinA3N in astrocytes promoted the release of proinflammatory factors and aggravated seizures. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing and Western blotting showed that SerpinA3N promoted KA-induced neuroinflammation by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, co-immunoprecipitation revealed that SerpinA3N interacts with ryanodine receptor type 2 (RYR2) and promotes RYR2 phosphorylation. Overall, our study reveals a novel SerpinA3N-mediated mechanism in seizure-induced neuroinflammation and provides a new target for developing neuroinflammation-based strategies to reduce seizure-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ting-Ting Du
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Mo-Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ren-Peng Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhou
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Chun-Lei Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Lin Shi
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Liang-Wen Zhang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Fan-Gang Meng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
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9
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Newly revealed variants of SERPINA3 in generalized pustular psoriasis attenuate inhibition of ACT on cathepsin G. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:419-425. [PMID: 36828876 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is an autoinflammatory skin disease whose pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin(ACT) is a protein encoded by the SERPINA3 gene and an inhibitor of cathepsin G. One study of a European sample suggested that the loss of ACT function caused by SERPINA3 mutation is implicated in GPP. However, the role of SERPINA3 in the pathogenesis of GPP in other ethnic populations is unclear. To explore this, seventy children with GPP were performed next-generation sequencing to identify rare variants in the SERPINA3 gene. Bioinformatic analysis and functional tests were used to determine the effects of the variants, and a comprehensive analysis was performed to determine the pathogenicity of the variants and whether they are associated with GPP. One rare deletion and three rare missense variants were identified in the SERPINA3 gene in GPP. The deletion variant c.1246_1247del was found to result in a mutant protein with an extension of 10 amino acids and a C-terminal of 20 amino acids that was completely different from the wild-type. This mutant was found to impede secretion of ACT, thus failing to function as an inhibitor of cathepsin G. Two missense variants were found to reduce the ability of ACT to inhibit cathepsin G enzymatic activity. The association analysis suggested that the deletion variant is associated with GPP. This study identified four rare novel mutations of SERPINA3 and demonstrated that three of these mutations result in loss of function, contributing to the pathogenesis of pediatric-onset GPP in the Asian population.
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10
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Chen L, Wang N, Zhang Y, Li D, He C, Li Z, Zhang J, Guo Y. Proteomics analysis indicates the involvement of immunity and inflammation in the onset stage of SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS. J Proteomics 2023; 272:104776. [PMID: 36423857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron degenerative disease, and the pathogenic mechanism that underlies ALS is still unclear. We analyzed the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the spinal cord between SOD1-G93A transgenic mice at the onset stage and non-transgenic (NTG) littermates based on 4D label-free quantitative proteomics (4D-LFQ) with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In our study, 189 DEPs were screened, of which 166 were up-regulated and 23 down-regulated. Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG)/ EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG) classification, subcellular localization annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, clustering analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis validated 48 proteins from immunity and inflammation-related pathways of KEGG. We described the function and distribution of DEPs, most of which were involved in the following pathways: complement and coagulation cascades, antigen processing and presentation, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG) -I-like receptor signaling pathway, the extracellular matrix-receptor (ECM-receptor) interaction, focal adhesion, phagosome and lysosome. PPI network analysis identified Fn1, Fga, Serpina1e and Serpina3n as potential biomarkers. Our discoveries broaden the view and expand our understanding of immunity and inflammation in ALS. SIGNIFICANCE: This study gives a comprehensive description of DEPs in the spinal cord proteomics of SOD1-G93A mice at the onset period. Compared with a previous study focusing on progressive stage, we showed that immunity and inflammation play an important role at the onset stage of ALS. Several pathways validated by PRM bring new insight to the pathological mechanisms of ALS. The participation of RIG-I-like signaling pathway in ALS and potential biomarkers Fga, Fn1, Serpina1e and Serpina3n are supplements to existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China; Beijing Geriatric Healthcare Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ningyuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yingzhen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Caili He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Zhongzhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Yansu Guo
- Beijing Geriatric Healthcare Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
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11
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Wang JQ, Gao MY, Gao R, Zhao KH, Zhang Y, Li X. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity. J Neurochem 2023; 164:468-480. [PMID: 36415921 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA-seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA-seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA-seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Han Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Li F, Zhang Y, Li R, Li Y, Ding S, Zhou J, Huang T, Chen C, Lu B, Yu W, Boltze J, Li P, Wan J. Neuronal Serpina3n is an endogenous protector against blood brain barrier damage following cerebral ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:241-257. [PMID: 36457151 PMCID: PMC9903218 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221113897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke results in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, during which the reciprocal interaction between ischemic neurons and components of the BBB appears to play a critical role. However, the underlying mechanisms for BBB protection remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that Serpina3n, a serine protease inhibitor, was significantly upregulated in the ischemic brain, predominantly in ischemic neurons from 6 hours to 3 days after stroke. Using neuron-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV), intranasal delivery of recombinant protein, and immune-deficient Rag1-/- mice, we demonstrated that Serpina3n attenuated BBB disruption and immune cell infiltration following stroke by inhibiting the activity of granzyme B (GZMB) and neutrophil elastase (NE) secreted by T cells and neutrophils. Furthermore, we found that intranasal delivery of rSerpina3n significantly attenuated the neurologic deficits after stroke. In conclusion, Serpina3n is a novel ischemic neuron-derived proteinase inhibitor that counterbalances BBB disruption induced by peripheral T cell and neutrophil infiltration after ischemic stroke. These findings reveal a novel endogenous protective mechanism against BBB damage with Serpina3n being a potential therapeutic target in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghao Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianpo Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianchen Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieqing Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Kisaretova P, Tsybko A, Bondar N, Reshetnikov V. Molecular Abnormalities in BTBR Mice and Their Relevance to Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Studies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020289. [PMID: 36830826 PMCID: PMC9953015 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of psychopathologies are of exceptional interest for neurobiologists because these models allow us to clarify molecular mechanisms underlying the pathologies. One such model is the inbred BTBR strain of mice, which is characterized by behavioral, neuroanatomical, and physiological hallmarks of schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Despite the active use of BTBR mice as a model object, the understanding of the molecular features of this strain that cause the observed behavioral phenotype remains insufficient. Here, we analyzed recently published data from independent transcriptomic and proteomic studies on hippocampal and corticostriatal samples from BTBR mice to search for the most consistent aberrations in gene or protein expression. Next, we compared reproducible molecular signatures of BTBR mice with data on postmortem samples from ASD and SCZ patients. Taken together, these data helped us to elucidate brain-region-specific molecular abnormalities in BTBR mice as well as their relevance to the anomalies seen in ASDs or SCZ in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Kisaretova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton Tsybko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalia Bondar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Reshetnikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, Sochi 354340, Russia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Shi Z, Du Q, Wang X, Wang J, Chen H, Lang Y, Kong L, Luo W, Yang M, Zhou H. Granzyme B in circulating CD8+ T cells as a biomarker of immunotherapy effectiveness and disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027158. [PMID: 36439094 PMCID: PMC9682179 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are chronical inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Several recent studies have demonstrated that T cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NMOSD.In this study, we investigated CD8+ T cell phenotypes and levels of the cytotoxic protein granzyme B (GzmB), as well as their potential clinical application in NMOSD. METHODS In this study, 90 peripheral blood samples were collected from 59 NMOSD patients with seropositive anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies and 31 sex- and age-matched healthy donors (HDs). Flow cytometry was used to detect circulating levels of GzmB and CD8+ T cell subpopulations, including naïve (TN, CCD7+CD45RA+), central memory (TCM, CCD7+CD45RA-), effector memory (TEM, CCD7-CD45RA-), terminal differentiation effector memory cells (TEMRA, CCD7-CD45RA+) in both groups. The associations between GzmB levels in CD8+T cells and clinical characteristics of NMOSD were evaluated. RESULTS NMOSD patients exhibited significantly decreased proportions of CD8+TN cells and increased proportions of highly differentiated CD8+T cells (TEMRA) compared with HDs. In addition, levels of GzmB in CD8+ T cells were markedly higher in NMOSD patients than in HDs. Moreover, we observed that high proportions of GzmB-expressing CD8+ T cells were more common in patients with a poor response to immunotherapies, and showed a good potential to distinguish poor responders from responders (ACU=0.89). Clinical correlation analysis indicated that high levels of GzmB in CD8+ T cells were not only related to severe disability but also significantly associated with increased serum levels of neurofilament light (NFL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Multivariate linear regression analyses further suggested that GzmB expression in CD8+ T cells was predominantly associated with disability and immunotherapy effectiveness in NMOSD, independent of the sex, age, and disease phase. Transcription factor T-bet in CD8+ T cells were also significantly elevated in NMOSD and were associated with increasing number of circulating CD8+TEMRA cells and GzmB-expressing CD8+T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study support the involvement of GzmB-expressing CD8+ T cells in the inflammatory response in patients with NMOSD and provide a potential biomarker for disease immunotherapy effectiveness and disability progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Lang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyao Kong
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqin Luo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Aubert A, Lane M, Jung K, Granville DJ. Granzyme B as a therapeutic target: an update in 2022. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:979-993. [PMID: 36542784 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Granzyme B is a serine protease extensively studied for its implication in cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, the paradigm that the role of granzyme B is restricted to immune cell-mediated killing has been challenged as extracellular roles for the protease have emerged. While mostly absent from healthy tissues, granzyme B levels are elevated in several autoimmune and/or chronic inflammatory conditions. In the skin, its accumulation significantly impairs proper wound healing. AREAS COVERED After an overview of the current knowledge on granzyme B, a description of newly identified functions will be presented, focussing on granzyme B ability to promote cell-cell and dermal-epidermal junction disruption, extracellular matrix degradation, vascular permeabilization, and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Progress in granzyme B inhibition, as well as the use of granzyme B inhibitors for the treatment of tissue damage, will be discussed. EXPERT OPINION The absence of endogenous extracellular inhibitors renders extracellular granzyme B accumulation deleterious for the proper healing of chronic wounds due to sustained proteolytic activity. Consequently, specific granzyme B inhibitors have been developed as new therapeutic approaches. Beyond applications in wound healing, other autoimmune and/or chronic inflammatory conditions related to exacerbated granzyme B activity may also benefit from the development of these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Aubert
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Lane
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Jung
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Richardson KC, Jung K, Pardo J, Turner CT, Granville DJ. Noncytotoxic Roles of Granzymes in Health and Disease. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022; 37:323-348. [PMID: 35820180 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00011.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Granzymes are serine proteases previously believed to play exclusive and somewhat redundant roles in lymphocyte-mediated target cell death. However, recent studies have challenged this paradigm. Distinct substrate profiles and functions have since emerged for each granzyme while their dysregulated proteolytic activities have been linked to diverse pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn C Richardson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Jung
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian Pardo
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Radiology, Pediatrics and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christopher T Turner
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Wound Healing Laboratory, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Radziszewska A, Moulder Z, Jury EC, Ciurtin C. CD8 + T Cell Phenotype and Function in Childhood and Adult-Onset Connective Tissue Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11431. [PMID: 36232733 PMCID: PMC9569696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that destroy pathogen infected and malignant cells through release of cytolytic molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Although the role of CD8+ T cells in connective tissue diseases (CTDs) has not been explored as thoroughly as that of other immune cells, research focusing on this key component of the immune system has recently gained momentum. Aberrations in cytotoxic cell function may have implications in triggering autoimmunity and may promote tissue damage leading to exacerbation of disease. In this comprehensive review of current literature, we examine the role of CD8+ T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, polymyositis, and dermatomyositis with specific focus on comparing what is known about CD8+ T cell peripheral blood phenotypes, CD8+ T cell function, and CD8+ T cell organ-specific profiles in adult and juvenile forms of these disorders. Although, the precise role of CD8+ T cells in the initiation of autoimmunity and disease progression remains to be elucidated, increasing evidence indicates that CD8+ T cells are emerging as an attractive target for therapy in CTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radziszewska
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospital (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London WC1E 6JF, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Zachary Moulder
- University College London Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospital (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London WC1E 6JF, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
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18
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Dubchak E, Obasanmi G, Zeglinski MR, Granville DJ, Yeung SN, Matsubara JA. Potential role of extracellular granzyme B in wet age-related macular degeneration and fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:980742. [PMID: 36204224 PMCID: PMC9531149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.980742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related ocular diseases are the leading cause of blindness in developed countries and constitute a sizable socioeconomic burden worldwide. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) are some of the most common age-related diseases of the retina and cornea, respectively. AMD is characterized by a breakdown of the retinal pigment epithelial monolayer, which maintains retinal homeostasis, leading to retinal degeneration, while FECD is characterized by degeneration of the corneal endothelial monolayer, which maintains corneal hydration status, leading to corneal edema. Both AMD and FECD pathogenesis are characterized by disorganized local extracellular matrix (ECM) and toxic protein deposits, with both processes linked to aberrant protease activity. Granzyme B (GrB) is a serine protease traditionally known for immune-mediated initiation of apoptosis; however, it is now recognized that GrB is expressed by a variety of immune and non-immune cells and aberrant extracellular localization of GrB substantially contributes to various age-related pathologies through dysregulated cleavage of ECM, tight junction, and adherens junction proteins. Despite growing recognition of GrB involvement in multiple age-related pathologies, its role in AMD and FECD remains poorly understood. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of, and similarities between AMD and FECD, outlines the current knowledge of the role of GrB in AMD and FECD, as well as hypothesizes putative contributions of GrB to AMD and FECD pathogenesis and highlights the therapeutic potential of pharmacologically inhibiting GrB as an adjunctive treatment for AMD and FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Dubchak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gideon Obasanmi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew R. Zeglinski
- ICORD Centre and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J. Granville
- ICORD Centre and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sonia N. Yeung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A. Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Joanne A. Matsubara,
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Ma X, Niu X, Zhao J, Deng Z, Li J, Wu X, Wang B, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Guo X, Sun P, Huang T, Wang J, Song J. Downregulation of Sepina3n Aggravated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption after Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating Neutrophil Elastase in Mice. Neuroscience 2022; 503:45-57. [PMID: 36089165 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in young adults and the main cause of mortality and disability across all ages worldwide. We previously analyzed the expression profile data of TBI models obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and found that the seripina3n mRNA was markedly upregulated in the acute phase of TBI in four mRNA expression profile data sets, indicating that serpina3n may be involved in the pathophysiological process of TBI. Therefore, we further investigated the biological role and molecular mechanism of serpina3n in traumatic brain injury in this study. As a result, the endogenous level of sepina3n was markedly elevated in the cortex around the contusion sit in mice at day 1 and day 3 after TBI. Inhibiting the expression of serpina3n caused aggravation of neutrophil elastase (NE) expression, BBB disruption, and neurological deficit. With the inactivation of NE, even if serpina3n was silenced, the disruption of the BBB was not further aggravated. In vitro experiments further proved that recombinant serpina3n dose-dependently inhibited the activity of recombinant NE. Based on the above, this study demonstrated that the endogenous level of sepina3n was significantly elevated in the cortex around the contusion sit after TBI in mice, which reduced the secondary blood-brain barrier disruption by inhibiting the activity of neutrophil elastase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaorong Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zhong Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yonglin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaoye Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Military Medical University of PLA Airforce, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Tingqin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jinning Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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20
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A shared disease-associated oligodendrocyte signature among multiple CNS pathologies. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:876-886. [PMID: 35760863 PMCID: PMC9724210 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease, perturbing neuronal and non-neuronal cell populations. In this study, using single-cell transcriptomics, we mapped all non-immune, non-neuronal cell populations in wild-type and AD model (5xFAD) mouse brains. We identified an oligodendrocyte state that increased in association with brain pathology, which we termed disease-associated oligodendrocytes (DOLs). In a murine model of amyloidosis, DOLs appear long after plaque accumulation, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) alone was not sufficient to induce the DOL signature in vitro. DOLs could be identified in a mouse model of tauopathy and in other murine neurodegenerative and autoimmune inflammatory conditions, suggesting a common response to severe pathological conditions. Using quantitative spatial analysis of mouse and postmortem human brain tissues, we found that oligodendrocytes expressing a key DOL marker (SERPINA3N/SERPINA3 accordingly) are present in the cortex in areas of brain damage and are enriched near Aβ plaques. In postmortem human brain tissue, the expression level of this marker correlated with cognitive decline. Altogether, this study uncovers a shared signature of oligodendrocytes in central nervous system pathologies.
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21
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Therapeutical Significance of Serpina3n Subsequent Cerebral Ischemia via Cytotoxic Granzyme B Inactivation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1557010. [PMID: 35677097 PMCID: PMC9168188 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1557010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating CNS insult with few clinical cures. Poor understanding of underlying mechanistic network is the primary limitation to develop novel curative therapies. Extracellular accumulation of granzyme B subsequent ischemia promotes neurodegeneration. Inhibition of granzyme B can be one of the potent strategies to mitigate neuronal damage. In present study, we investigated the effect of murine Serpina3n and human (homolog) SERPINA3 against cerebral ischemia through granzyme B inactivation. Recombinant Serpina3n/SERPINA3 were expressed by transfected 293 T cells, and eluted proteins were examined for postischemic influence both in vitro and in vivo. During in vitro test, Serpina3n was found effective enough to inhibit granzyme B, while SERPINA3 was ineffectual to counter cytotoxic protease. Treatment of hypoxic culture with recombinant Serpina3n/SERPINA3 significantly increased cell viability in dosage-dependent manner, recorded maximum at the highest concentration (4 mM). Infarct volume analysis confirmed that 50 mg/kg dosage of exogenous Serpina3n was adequate to reduce disease severity, while SERPINA3 lacked behind in analeptic effect. Immunohistochemical test, western blot analysis, and protease activity assay’s results illustrated successful diffusion of applied protein to the ischemic lesion and reactivity with the target protease. Taken together, our findings demonstrate therapeutic potential of Serpina3n by interfering granzyme B-mediated neuronal death subsequent cerebral ischemia.
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22
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Seaks CE, Weekman EM, Sudduth TL, Xie K, Wasek B, Fardo DW, Johnson LA, Bottiglieri T, Wilcock DM. Apolipoprotein E ε4/4 genotype limits response to dietary induction of hyperhomocysteinemia and resulting inflammatory signaling. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:771-787. [PMID: 35023380 PMCID: PMC9254035 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211069006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are the second leading cause of dementia behind Alzheimer's disease. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipid transporting lipoprotein found within the brain and periphery. The APOE ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease and is a risk factor for VCID. Our lab has previously utilized a dietary model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) to induce VCID pathology and cognitive deficits in mice. This diet induces perivascular inflammation through cumulative oxidative damage leading to glial mediated inflammation and blood brain barrier breakdown. Here, we examine the impact of ApoE ε4 compared to ε3 alleles on the progression of VCID pathology and inflammation in our dietary model of HHcy. We report a significant resistance to HHcy induction in ε4 mice, accompanied by a number of related differences related to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and methylation cycle, or 1-C, metabolites. There were also significant differences in inflammatory profiles between ε3 and ε4 mice, as well as significant reduction in Serpina3n, a serine protease inhibitor associated with ApoE ε4, expression in ε4 HHcy mice relative to ε4 controls. Finally, we find evidence of pervasive sex differences within both genotypes in response to HHcy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Seaks
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
| | - Erica M Weekman
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
| | | | - Kevin Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
KY, USA
| | - Brandi Wasek
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor
Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
KY, USA
| | - Lance A Johnson
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor
Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
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23
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Jamann H, Cui QL, Desu HL, Pernin F, Tastet O, Halaweh A, Farzam-kia N, Mamane VH, Ouédraogo O, Cleret-Buhot A, Daigneault A, Balthazard R, Klement W, Lemaître F, Arbour N, Antel J, Stratton JA, Larochelle C. Contact-Dependent Granzyme B-Mediated Cytotoxicity of Th17-Polarized Cells Toward Human Oligodendrocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850616. [PMID: 35479072 PMCID: PMC9035748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the loss of myelin and of myelin-producing oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Pro-inflammatory CD4+ Th17 cells are considered pathogenic in MS and are harmful to OLs. We investigated the mechanisms driving human CD4+ T cell-mediated OL cell death. Using fluorescent and brightfield in vitro live imaging, we found that compared to Th2-polarized cells, Th17-polarized cells show greater interactions with primary human OLs and human oligodendrocytic cell line MO3.13, displaying longer duration of contact, lower mean speed, and higher rate of vesicle-like structure formation at the sites of contact. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomic profile of primary human OLs and Th17-polarized cells in direct contact or separated by an insert. We showed that upon close interaction, OLs upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and antioxidant/anti-apoptotic molecules, while Th17-polarized cells upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A, IFN-γ, and granzyme B. We found that secretion of CCL3, CXCL10, IFN-γ, TNFα, and granzyme B is induced upon direct contact in cocultures of human Th17-polarized cells with human OLs. In addition, we validated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence that granzyme B levels are upregulated in Th17-polarized compared to Th2-polarized cells and are even higher in Th17-polarized cells upon direct contact with OLs or MO3.13 cells compared to Th17-polarized cells separated from OLs by an insert. Moreover, granzyme B is detected in OLs and MO3.13 cells following direct contact with Th17-polarized cells, suggesting the release of granzyme B from Th17-polarized cells into OLs/MO3.13 cells. To confirm granzyme B–mediated cytotoxicity toward OLs, we showed that recombinant human granzyme B can induce OLs and MO3.13 cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of Th17-polarized cells with a reversible granzyme B blocker (Ac-IEPD-CHO) or a natural granzyme B blocker (serpina3N) improved survival of MO3.13 cells upon coculture with Th17 cells. In conclusion, we showed that human Th17-polarized cells form biologically significant contacts with human OLs and exert direct toxicity by releasing granzyme B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Jamann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Haritha L. Desu
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Halaweh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Negar Farzam-kia
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Victoria Hannah Mamane
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oumarou Ouédraogo
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélie Cleret-Buhot
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey Daigneault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Renaud Balthazard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florent Lemaître
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jack Antel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Catherine Larochelle,
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24
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A Mutant Variant of E2F4 Triggers Multifactorial Therapeutic Effects in 5xFAD Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3016-3039. [PMID: 35254651 PMCID: PMC9016056 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a complex etiology, which requires a multifactorial approach for an efficient treatment. We have focused on E2 factor 4 (E2F4), a transcription factor that regulates cell quiescence and tissue homeostasis, controls gene networks affected in AD, and is upregulated in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients and of APPswe/PS1dE9 and 5xFAD transgenic mice. E2F4 contains an evolutionarily conserved Thr-motif that, when phosphorylated, modulates its activity, thus constituting a potential target for intervention. In this study, we generated a knock-in mouse strain with neuronal expression of a mouse E2F4 variant lacking this Thr-motif (E2F4DN), which was mated with 5xFAD mice. Here, we show that neuronal expression of E2F4DN in 5xFAD mice potentiates a transcriptional program consistent with the attenuation of the immune response and brain homeostasis. This correlates with reduced microgliosis and astrogliosis, modulation of amyloid-β peptide proteostasis, and blocking of neuronal tetraploidization. Moreover, E2F4DN prevents cognitive impairment and body weight loss, a known somatic alteration associated with AD. We also show that our finding is significant for AD, since E2F4 is expressed in cortical neurons from Alzheimer patients in association with Thr-specific phosphorylation, as evidenced by an anti-E2F4/anti-phosphoThr proximity ligation assay. We propose E2F4DN-based gene therapy as a promising multifactorial approach against AD.
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25
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Boldrini VO, Marques AM, Quintiliano RPS, Moraes AS, Stella CRAV, Longhini ALF, Santos I, Andrade M, Ferrari B, Damasceno A, Carneiro RPD, Brandão CO, Farias AS, Santos LMB. Cytotoxic B Cells in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:750660. [PMID: 35197967 PMCID: PMC8859463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.750660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence of antibody-independent functions, as well as the clinical efficacy of anti-CD20 depleting therapies, helped to reassess the contribution of B cells during multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Objective To investigate whether CD19+ B cells may share expression of the serine-protease granzyme-B (GzmB), resembling classical cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes, in the peripheral blood from relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Methods In this study, 104 RRMS patients during different treatments and 58 healthy donors were included. CD8, CD19, Runx3, and GzmB expression was assessed by flow cytometry analyses. Results RRMS patients during fingolimod (FTY) and natalizumab (NTZ) treatment showed increased percentage of circulating CD8+GzmB+ T lymphocytes when compared to healthy volunteers. An increase in circulating CD19+GzmB+ B cells was observed in RRMS patients during FTY and NTZ therapies when compared to glatiramer (GA), untreated RRMS patients, and healthy donors but not when compared to interferon-β (IFN). Moreover, regarding Runx3, the transcriptional factor classically associated with cytotoxicity in CD8+ T lymphocytes, the expression of GzmB was significantly higher in CD19+Runx3+-expressing B cells when compared to CD19+Runx3- counterparts in RRMS patients. Conclusions CD19+ B cells may exhibit cytotoxic behavior resembling CD8+ T lymphocytes in MS patients during different treatments. In the future, monitoring “cytotoxic” subsets might become an accessible marker for investigating MS pathophysiology and even for the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius O. Boldrini
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Vinícius O. Boldrini, ; Alessandro S. Farias, ; Leonilda M. B. Santos,
| | - Ana M. Marques
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Raphael P. S. Quintiliano
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriel S. Moraes
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carla R. A. V. Stella
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Irene Santos
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marília Andrade
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Breno Ferrari
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael P. D. Carneiro
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- MS Clinic of Santa Casa de São Paulo (CATEM), Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Otávio Brandão
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alessandro S. Farias
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Vinícius O. Boldrini, ; Alessandro S. Farias, ; Leonilda M. B. Santos,
| | - Leonilda M. B. Santos
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Vinícius O. Boldrini, ; Alessandro S. Farias, ; Leonilda M. B. Santos,
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26
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CD8 + T cells induce interferon-responsive oligodendrocytes and microglia in white matter aging. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:1446-1457. [PMID: 36280798 PMCID: PMC9630119 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of nervous system aging is a decline of white matter volume and function, but the underlying mechanisms leading to white matter pathology are unknown. In the present study, we found age-related alterations of oligodendrocyte cell state with a reduction in total oligodendrocyte density in aging murine white matter. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we identified interferon (IFN)-responsive oligodendrocytes, which localize in proximity to CD8+ T cells in aging white matter. Absence of functional lymphocytes decreased the number of IFN-responsive oligodendrocytes and rescued oligodendrocyte loss, whereas T-cell checkpoint inhibition worsened the aging response. In addition, we identified a subpopulation of lymphocyte-dependent, IFN-responsive microglia in the vicinity of the CD8+ T cells in aging white matter. In summary, we provide evidence that CD8+ T-cell-induced, IFN-responsive oligodendrocytes and microglia are important modifiers of white matter aging.
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27
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Zhang Y, Chen Q, Chen D, Zhao W, Wang H, Yang M, Xiang Z, Yuan H. SerpinA3N attenuates ischemic stroke injury by reducing apoptosis and neuroinflammation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 28:566-579. [PMID: 34897996 PMCID: PMC8928918 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the effect of serine protein inhibitor A3N (serpinA3N) in ischemic stroke and to explore its mechanism of action. Methods Mouse ischemic stroke model was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. The expression pattern of serpinA3N was assessed using immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, and real‐time quantitative PCR. An adeno‐associated virus (AAV) and recombinant serpinA3N were administered. Additionally, co‐immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence co‐staining were used to identify protein interactions. Results SerpinA3N was upregulated in astrocytes and neurons within the ischemic penumbra after stroke in the acute phase. The expression of serpinA3N gradually increased 6 h after reperfusion, peaked on the day 2–3, and then decreased by day 7. Overexpression of serpinA3N by AAV significantly reduced the infarct size and improved motor function, associated with alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress. SerpinA3N treatment also reduced apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Co‐immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry and Western blotting revealed that clusterin interacts with serpinA3N, and Akt‐mTOR pathway members were upregulated by serpinA3N both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions SerpinA3N is expressed in astrocytes and penumbra neurons after stroke in mice. It reduces brain damage possibly via interacting with clusterin and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianbo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dashuang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghua Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Veroni C, Aloisi F. The CD8 T Cell-Epstein-Barr Virus-B Cell Trialogue: A Central Issue in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665718. [PMID: 34305896 PMCID: PMC8292956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cause and the pathogenic mechanisms leading to multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), are still under scrutiny. During the last decade, awareness has increased that multiple genetic and environmental factors act in concert to modulate MS risk. Likewise, the landscape of cells of the adaptive immune system that are believed to play a role in MS immunopathogenesis has expanded by including not only CD4 T helper cells but also cytotoxic CD8 T cells and B cells. Once the key cellular players are identified, the main challenge is to define precisely how they act and interact to induce neuroinflammation and the neurodegenerative cascade in MS. CD8 T cells have been implicated in MS pathogenesis since the 80's when it was shown that CD8 T cells predominate in MS brain lesions. Interest in the role of CD8 T cells in MS was revived in 2000 and the years thereafter by studies showing that CNS-recruited CD8 T cells are clonally expanded and have a memory effector phenotype indicating in situ antigen-driven reactivation. The association of certain MHC class I alleles with MS genetic risk implicates CD8 T cells in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, experimental studies have highlighted the detrimental effects of CD8 T cell activation on neural cells. While the antigens responsible for T cell recruitment and activation in the CNS remain elusive, the high efficacy of B-cell depleting drugs in MS and a growing number of studies implicate B cells and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a B-lymphotropic herpesvirus that is strongly associated with MS, in the activation of pathogenic T cells. This article reviews the results of human studies that have contributed to elucidate the role of CD8 T cells in MS immunopathogenesis, and discusses them in light of current understanding of autoreactivity, B-cell and EBV involvement in MS, and mechanism of action of different MS treatments. Based on the available evidences, an immunopathological model of MS is proposed that entails a persistent EBV infection of CNS-infiltrating B cells as the target of a dysregulated cytotoxic CD8 T cell response causing CNS tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Aloisi
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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29
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Al-Ani M, Elemam NM, Hachim IY, Raju TK, Muhammad JS, Hachim MY, Bendardaf R, Maghazachi AA. Molecular Examination of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Brains of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice Post Herceptin Treatment. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2601-2617. [PMID: 34168483 PMCID: PMC8216756 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Herceptin (trastuzumab) is an approved drug for treating HER2+ breast cancer patients, but its use for other diseases is not established. We sought to investigate the effects of Herceptin on ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to examine its effects on the expression of various genes. Methods We used in-silico analysis of publicly available data, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine the expression of HER2+ cells in the brains of EAE mice. IHC was also utilized to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Herceptin. The ability of Herceptin to alleviate the EAE clinical score was measured in these mice. Bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes that were either up-regulated or down-regulated during the high clinical score (HCS) of the disease. Results We observed that HER2/Erbb2, the receptor for Herceptin is upregulated in the brains of EAE mice when the brains were examined at the HCS stage. Further, we demonstrated that Herceptin ameliorates the EAE disease, increasing re-myelination, reducing brain inflammation, CD3+ T cell accumulation, and HER2+ cells in the brains of these mice. Molecular analysis demonstrated the expression of different genes that were either up-regulated or down-regulated during the HCS of the disease. Our combined bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analyses show increased mRNA expression of Atp6v0d2, C3, C3ar1, Ccl3, Ccl6, Cd74, Clec7a, Cybb, H2-Aa, Hspb1, Lilr4b, Lilrb4a, Mpeg1, Ms4a4a, Ms4a6c, Saa3, Serpina3n and Timp1, at HCS. Except for the mRNA levels of Cd74 and Clec7a which were increased at HCS when Herceptin was used in both prophylactic and therapeutic regimens, the levels of other described mRNAs were reduced. Conclusion These novel findings show that Herceptin ameliorates the clinical score in EAE mice and are the first to investigate in detail the differential gene expression post-treatment with the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mena Al-Ani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Y Hachim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tom K Raju
- The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmood Y Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Riyad Bendardaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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30
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Batterman KV, Cabrera PE, Moore TL, Rosene DL. T Cells Actively Infiltrate the White Matter of the Aging Monkey Brain in Relation to Increased Microglial Reactivity and Cognitive Decline. Front Immunol 2021; 12:607691. [PMID: 33664743 PMCID: PMC7920950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.607691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal aging is characterized by declines in processing speed, learning, memory, and executive function even in the absence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In normal aging monkeys and humans, neuronal loss does not account for cognitive impairment. Instead, loss of white matter volume and an accumulation of myelin sheath pathology begins in middle age and is associated with cognitive decline. It is unknown what causes this myelin pathology, but it likely involves increased neuroinflammation in white matter and failures in oligodendrocyte function (maturation and repair). In frontal white matter tracts vulnerable to myelin damage, microglia become chronically reactive and secrete harmful pro-inflammatory cytokines. Despite being in a phagocytic state, these microglia are ineffective at phagocytosing accruing myelin debris, which directly inhibits myelin sheath repair. Here, we asked whether reported age-related increases in pro-inflammatory markers were accompanied by an adaptive immune response involving T cells. We quantified T cells with immunohistochemistry in the brains of 34 cognitively characterized monkeys and found an age-related increase in perivascular T cells that surround CNS vasculature. We found a surprising age-related increase in T cells that infiltrate the white matter parenchyma. In the cingulum bundle the percentage of these parenchymal T cells increased with age relative to those in the perivascular space. In contrast, infiltrating T cells were rarely found in surrounding gray matter regions. We assessed whether T cell infiltration correlated with fibrinogen extravasation from the vasculature as a measure of BBB leakiness and found no correlation, suggesting that T cell infiltration is not a result of passive extravasation. Importantly, the density of T cells in the cingulum bundle correlated with microglial reactivity and with cognitive impairment. This is the first demonstration that T cell infiltration of white matter is associated with cognitive decline in the normal aging monkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn V Batterman
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Payton E Cabrera
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tara L Moore
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Laboratory of Interventions for Cortical Injury and Cognitive Decline, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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31
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Fissolo N, Matute-Blanch C, Osman M, Costa C, Pinteac R, Miró B, Sanchez A, Brito V, Dujmovic I, Voortman M, Khalil M, Borràs E, Sabidó E, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Montalban X, Comabella Lopez M. CSF SERPINA3 Levels Are Elevated in Patients With Progressive MS. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/2/e941. [PMID: 33436375 PMCID: PMC8105904 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To identify biomarkers associated with progressive phases of MS and with neuroprotective potential. Methods Combined analysis of the transcriptional and proteomic profiles obtained in CNS tissue during chronic progressive phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with the transcriptional profile obtained during the differentiation of murine neural stem cells into neurons. Candidate biomarkers were measured by ELISA in the CSF of 65 patients with MS (29 with relapsing-remitting MS [RRMS], 20 with secondary progressive MS, and 16 with primary progressive MS [PPMS]) and 30 noninflammatory neurologic controls (NINCs). Results Integrative analysis of gene and protein expression data identified 2 biomarkers, the serine protease inhibitor Serpina3n and the calcium-binding protein S100A4, which were upregulated in chronic progressive EAE and whose expression was induced during neuronal differentiation. Immunofluorescence studies revealed a primarily neuronal expression of S100A4 and Serpina3n during EAE. CSF levels of SERPINA3, the human ortholog of murine Serpina3n, and S100A4 were increased in patients with MS compared with NINCs (SERPINA3: 1,320 vs 838.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0001; S100A4: 1.6 vs 0.8 ng/mL, p = 0.02). Within the MS group, CSF SERPINA3 levels were significantly elevated in patients with progressive forms, mainly patients with PPMS compared with patients with RRMS (1,617 vs 1,129 ng/mL, p = 0.02) and NINCs (1,617 vs 838.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0001). Of interest, CSF SERPINA3 levels significantly correlated with CSF neurofilament light chain levels only in the PPMS group (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). Conclusion These results point to a role of SERPINA3 as a biomarker associated with the progressive forms of MS, particularly PPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Fissolo
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clara Matute-Blanch
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamoud Osman
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carme Costa
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rucsanda Pinteac
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Berta Miró
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alex Sanchez
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Verónica Brito
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irena Dujmovic
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Margarete Voortman
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Khalil
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Borràs
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xavier Montalban
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manuel Comabella Lopez
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Tran M, Wu J, Wang L, Shin DJ. A Potential Role for SerpinA3N in Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 99:277-285. [PMID: 33436521 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used pain and fever reliever but is also the most frequent cause of drug-induced liver injury. The mechanism pertaining acetaminophen toxicity has been well documented, whereas mechanisms of hepatotoxicity are not well established. Serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3N (SerpinA3N), a serine protease inhibitor, is synthesized in the liver but the role of SerpinA3N in relation to APAP-induced liver injury is not known. Wild-type and hepatocyte-specific SerpinA3N knockout (HKO) mice were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of PBS or APAP (400 mg/kg) for 12 hours, and markers of liver injury, cell death, and inflammation were assessed. SerpinA3N expression was highly induced in mice with APAP overdose. SerpinA3N HKO mice had diminished liver injury and necrosis as shown by lower alanine aminotransferase and interleukin-6 levels, accompanied by suppressed inflammatory cytokines and reduced neutrophil infiltration. The reduced oxidative stress was associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme capabilities. Taken together, hepatocyte SerpinA3N deficiency reduced APAP-induced liver injury by ameliorating inflammation and modulating the 5' AMP-activated protein kinase-unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 signaling pathway. Our study provides novel insights into a potential role for SerpinA3N in APAP-induced liver injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our studies indicate that serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3N (SerpinA3N) may have a pathophysiological role in modulating acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. More specifically, mice with hepatic deletion of SerpinA3N suppressed inflammation and liver injury to reduce APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Controlling the inflammatory response offers possible approaches for novel therapeutics; therefore, understanding the pathophysiological role of SerpinA3N in inducing liver injury may add to the development of more efficacious treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (M.T., J.W., D.-J.S.) and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.)
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Endothelial Protease Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) Signalling Is Required for Lymphocyte Transmigration across Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122723. [PMID: 33371217 PMCID: PMC7766634 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) relies on ICAM-1 engagement on the luminal surface of the endothelial cells (ECs). In blood–brain barrier (BBB) ECs, ICAM-1 triggers TEM signalling, including through JNK MAP kinase and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which lead to the phosphorylation and internalisation of the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin. In addition to ICAM-1, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are also required for lymphocytes TEM across BBB ECs. Here, we investigated the role of protease activated GPCRs (PARs) and found a specific role for PAR1 in support of lymphocyte TEM across BBB ECs in vitro. PAR1 requirement for TEM was confirmed using protease inhibitors, specific small molecule and peptide antagonists, function blocking antibodies and siRNA-mediated knockdown. In BBB ECs, PAR1 stimulation led to activation of signalling pathways essential to TEM; notably involving JNK and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), with the latter downstream of AMPK. In turn, nitric oxide production through eNOS was essential for TEM by modulating VE-cadherin on Y731. Collectively, our data showed that non-canonical PAR1 activation by a lymphocyte-released serine protease is required for lymphocyte TEM across the BBB in vitro, and that this feeds into previously established ICAM-1-mediated endothelial TEM signalling pathways.
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Ayasoufi K, Pfaller CK, Evgin L, Khadka RH, Tritz ZP, Goddery EN, Fain CE, Yokanovich LT, Himes BT, Jin F, Zheng J, Schuelke MR, Hansen MJ, Tung W, Parney IF, Pease LR, Vile RG, Johnson AJ. Brain cancer induces systemic immunosuppression through release of non-steroid soluble mediators. Brain 2020; 143:3629-3652. [PMID: 33253355 PMCID: PMC7954397 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression of unknown aetiology is a hallmark feature of glioblastoma and is characterized by decreased CD4 T-cell counts and downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class II expression on peripheral blood monocytes in patients. This immunosuppression is a critical barrier to the successful development of immunotherapies for glioblastoma. We recapitulated the immunosuppression observed in glioblastoma patients in the C57BL/6 mouse and investigated the aetiology of low CD4 T-cell counts. We determined that thymic involution was a hallmark feature of immunosuppression in three distinct models of brain cancer, including mice harbouring GL261 glioma, B16 melanoma, and in a spontaneous model of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. In addition to thymic involution, we determined that tumour growth in the brain induced significant splenic involution, reductions in peripheral T cells, reduced MHC II expression on blood leucocytes, and a modest increase in bone marrow resident CD4 T cells. Using parabiosis we report that thymic involution, declines in peripheral T-cell counts, and reduced major histocompatibility complex class II expression levels were mediated through circulating blood-derived factors. Conversely, T-cell sequestration in the bone marrow was not governed through circulating factors. Serum isolated from glioma-bearing mice potently inhibited proliferation and functions of T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the factor responsible for immunosuppression in serum is non-steroidal and of high molecular weight. Through further analysis of neurological disease models, we determined that the immunosuppression was not unique to cancer itself, but rather occurs in response to brain injury. Non-cancerous acute neurological insults also induced significant thymic involution and rendered serum immunosuppressive. Both thymic involution and serum-derived immunosuppression were reversible upon clearance of brain insults. These findings demonstrate that brain cancers cause multifaceted immunosuppression and pinpoint circulating factors as a target of intervention to restore immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian K Pfaller
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Langen, Germany
| | - Laura Evgin
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roman H Khadka
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zachariah P Tritz
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Emma N Goddery
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cori E Fain
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lila T Yokanovich
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Benjamin T Himes
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Neurologic Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fang Jin
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew R Schuelke
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Wesley Tung
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ian F Parney
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Neurologic Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Larry R Pease
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard G Vile
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aaron J Johnson
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Neurology, Rochester, MN, USA
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Wang ZM, Liu C, Wang YY, Deng YS, He XC, Du HZ, Liu CM, Teng ZQ. SerpinA3N deficiency deteriorates impairments of learning and memory in mice following hippocampal stab injury. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:88. [PMID: 33014432 PMCID: PMC7501238 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a global leading cause of disability and death, which puts patients at high risk for developing dementia. Early intervention is believed as the key to minimize the development of brain damages that could aggravate the symptoms. Here, we report that the serine protease inhibitor SerpinA3N is upregulated in hippocampal neurons in the early stage of hippocampal stab injury (HSI), while its deficiency causes a greater degree of neuronal apoptosis and severer impairments of spatial learning and memory in mice after HSI. We further show that MMP2 is a key substrate of SerpinA3N, and MMP2 specific inhibitor (ARP100) can protect against neuronal apoptosis and cognitive dysfunction in mice after HSI. These findings demonstrate a critical role for SerpinA3N in neuroprotection, suggesting that SerpinA3N and MMP2 inhibitors might be a novel therapeutic agents for neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Sen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
| | - Xuan-Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Qian Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100408 Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
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Lipski DA, Foucart V, Dewispelaere R, Caspers LE, Defrance M, Bruyns C, Willermain F. Retinal endothelial cell phenotypic modifications during experimental autoimmune uveitis: a transcriptomic approach. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:106. [PMID: 32183784 PMCID: PMC7076950 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-1333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-retinal barrier cells are known to exhibit a massive phenotypic change during experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) development. In an attempt to investigate the mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown at a global level, we studied the gene regulation of total retinal cells and retinal endothelial cells during non-infectious uveitis. METHODS Retinal endothelial cells were isolated by flow cytometry either in Tie2-GFP mice (CD31+ CD45- GFP+ cells), or in wild type C57BL/6 mice (CD31+ CD45- endoglin+ cells). EAU was induced in C57BL/6 mice by adoptive transfer of IRBP1-20-specific T cells. Total retinal cells and retinal endothelial cells from naïve and EAU mice were sorted and their gene expression compared by RNA-Seq. Protein expression of selected genes was validated by immunofluorescence on retinal wholemounts and cryosections and by flow cytometry. RESULTS Retinal endothelial cell sorting in wild type C57BL/6 mice was validated by comparative transcriptome analysis with retinal endothelial cells sorted from Tie2-GFP mice, which express GFP under the control of the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase promoter Tie2. RNA-Seq analysis of total retinal cells mainly brought to light upregulation of genes involved in antigen presentation and T cell activation during EAU. Specific transcriptome analysis of retinal endothelial cells allowed us to identify 82 genes modulated in retinal endothelial cells during EAU development. Protein expression of 5 of those genes (serpina3n, lcn2, ackr1, lrg1 and lamc3) was validated at the level of inner BRB cells. CONCLUSION Those data not only confirm the involvement of known pathogenic molecules but further provide a list of new candidate genes and pathways possibly implicated in inner BRB breakdown during non-infectious posterior uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Lipski
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Foucart
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Brugmann, 4 Place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rémi Dewispelaere
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure E. Caspers
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, La Plaine Campus, BC building, 6th floor, CP 263, Triomflaan, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Bruyns
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Willermain
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Brugmann, 4 Place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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Davies AJ, Rinaldi S, Costigan M, Oh SB. Cytotoxic Immunity in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Pain. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:142. [PMID: 32153361 PMCID: PMC7047751 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity and consequent cell death pathways are a critical component of the immune response to infection, disease or injury. While numerous examples of inflammation causing neuronal sensitization and pain have been described, there is a growing appreciation of the role of cytotoxic immunity in response to painful nerve injury. In this review we highlight the functions of cytotoxic immune effector cells, focusing in particular on natural killer (NK) cells, and describe the consequent action of these cells in the injured nerve as well as other chronic pain conditions and peripheral neuropathies. We describe how targeted delivery of cytotoxic factors via the immune synapse operates alongside Wallerian degeneration to allow local axon degeneration in the absence of cell death and is well-placed to support the restoration of homeostasis within the nerve. We also summarize the evidence for the expression of endogenous ligands and receptors on injured nerve targets and infiltrating immune cells that facilitate direct neuro-immune interactions, as well as modulation of the surrounding immune milieu. A number of chronic pain and peripheral neuropathies appear comorbid with a loss of function of cellular cytotoxicity suggesting such mechanisms may actually help to resolve neuropathic pain. Thus while the immune response to peripheral nerve injury is a major driver of maladaptive pain, it is simultaneously capable of directing resolution of injury in part through the pathways of cellular cytotoxicity. Our growing knowledge in tuning immune function away from inflammation toward recovery from nerve injury therefore holds promise for interventions aimed at preventing the transition from acute to chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Davies
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rinaldi
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Costigan
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Seog Bae Oh
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology & Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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38
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Massive activity of cytotoxic cells during refractory Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 340:577148. [PMID: 31986375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Our group is interested in the cytotoxic mechanism during autoimmune neuroinflammation. Unexpectedly, we come across a case that presents a massive enhancement of cytotoxic behavior in lymphocytes, either in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Interestingly, this specific patient was refractory to Methylprednisolone treatment. Hypothetically, the cytotoxic activity could represent a novel and complementary effector mechanism to NMOSD pathogenesis. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to evaluate the extension and the clinical relevance of our finds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Saba Aslam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liudi Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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40
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Sleat DE, Wiseman JA, El-Banna M, Zheng H, Zhao C, Soherwardy A, Moore DF, Lobel P. Analysis of Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid from Mouse Models of the Three Major Forms of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Reveals Changes in the Lysosomal Proteome. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:2244-2261. [PMID: 31501224 PMCID: PMC6823856 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatments are emerging for the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), a group of similar but genetically distinct lysosomal storage diseases. Clinical ratings scales measure long-term disease progression and response to treatment but clinically useful biomarkers have yet to be identified in these diseases. We have conducted proteomic analyses of brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from mouse models of the most frequently diagnosed NCL diseases: CLN1 (infantile NCL), CLN2 (classical late infantile NCL) and CLN3 (juvenile NCL). Samples were obtained at different stages of disease progression and proteins quantified using isobaric labeling. In total, 8303 and 4905 proteins were identified from brain and CSF, respectively. We also conduced label-free analyses of brain proteins that contained the mannose 6-phosphate lysosomal targeting modification. In general, we detect few changes at presymptomatic timepoints but later in disease, we detect multiple proteins whose expression is significantly altered in both brain and CSF of CLN1 and CLN2 animals. Many of these proteins are lysosomal in origin or are markers of neuroinflammation, potentially providing clues to underlying pathogenesis and providing promising candidates for further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Sleat
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert-Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854.
| | | | - Mukarram El-Banna
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Caifeng Zhao
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Amenah Soherwardy
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Dirk F Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Peter Lobel
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert-Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854.
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41
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Turner CT, Hiroyasu S, Granville DJ. Granzyme B as a therapeutic target for wound healing. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:745-754. [PMID: 31461387 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1661380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Granzyme B is a serine protease traditionally understood as having a role in immune-mediated cytotoxicity. Over the past decade, this dogma has been challenged, with a new appreciation that granzyme B can exert alternative extracellular roles detrimental to wound closure and remodeling. Granzyme B is elevated in response to tissue injury, chronic inflammation and/or autoimmune skin diseases, resulting in impaired wound healing. Areas covered: This review provides a historical background of granzyme B and a description of how it is regulated. Details are provided on the role of granzyme B in apoptosis as well as newly identified extracellular roles, focusing on those affecting wound healing, including on inflammation, dermal-epidermal junction separation, re-epithelialization, scarring and fibrosis, and autoimmunity. Finally, the use of pharmacological granzyme B inhibitors as potential therapeutic options for wound treatment is discussed. Expert opinion: Endogenous extracellular granzyme B inhibitors have not been identified in human bio-fluids, thus in chronic wound environments granzyme B appears to remain uncontrolled and unregulated. In response, targeted granzyme B inhibitors have been developed for therapeutic applications in wounds. Animal studies trialing inhibitors of granzyme B show improved healing outcomes, and may therefore provide a novel therapeutic approach for wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Turner
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Sho Hiroyasu
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,British Columbia Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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42
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Haploinsufficiency of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene is associated with reduced pain sensitivity. Pain 2019; 160:1070-1081. [PMID: 30855519 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Rare pain-insensitive individuals offer unique insights into how pain circuits function and have led to the development of new strategies for pain control. We investigated pain sensitivity in humans with WAGR (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomaly, and range of intellectual disabilities) syndrome, who have variably sized heterozygous deletion of the 11p13 region. The deletion region can be inclusive or exclusive of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, a crucial trophic factor for nociceptive afferents. Nociceptive responses assessed by quantitative sensory testing demonstrated reduced pain sensitivity only in the WAGR subjects whose deletion boundaries included the BDNF gene. Corresponding behavioral assessments were made in heterozygous Bdnf knockout rats to examine the specific role of Bdnf. These analogous experiments revealed impairment of Aδ- and C-fiber-mediated heat nociception, determined by acute nociceptive thermal stimuli, and in aversive behaviors evoked when the rats were placed on a hot plate. Similar results were obtained for C-fiber-mediated cold responses and cold avoidance on a cold-plate device. Together, these results suggested a blunted responsiveness to aversive stimuli. Our parallel observations in humans and rats show that hemizygous deletion of the BDNF gene reduces pain sensitivity and establishes BDNF as a determinant of nociceptive sensitivity.
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Schori C, Trachsel C, Grossmann J, Barben M, Klee K, Storti F, Samardzija M, Grimm C. A chronic hypoxic response in photoreceptors alters the vitreous proteome in mice. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107690. [PMID: 31181196 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reduced oxygenation of the outer retina in the aging eye may activate a chronic hypoxic response in RPE and photoreceptor cells and is considered as a risk factor for the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In mice, a chronically active hypoxic response in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) or photoreceptors leads to age-dependent retinal degeneration. To identify proteins that may serve as accessible markers for a chronic hypoxic insult to photoreceptors, we used proteomics to determine the protein composition of the vitreous humor in genetically engineered mice that lack the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (Vhl) specifically in rods (rodΔVhl) or cones (all-coneΔVhl). Absence of VHL leads to constitutively active hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) and thus to a molecular response to hypoxia even in normal room air. To discriminate between the consequences of a local response in photoreceptors and systemic hypoxic effects, we also evaluated the vitreous proteome of wild type mice after exposure to acute hypoxia. 1'043 of the identified proteins were common to all three hypoxia models. 257, 258 and 356 proteins were significantly regulated after systemic hypoxia, in rodΔVhl and in all-coneΔVhl mice, respectively, at least at one of the analyzed time points. Only few of the regulated proteins were shared by the models indicating that the vitreous proteome is differentially affected by systemic hypoxia and the rod or cone-specific hypoxic response. Similarly, the distinct protein compositions in the individual genetic models at early and late time points suggest regulated, cell-specific and time-dependent processes. Among the proteins commonly regulated in the genetic models, guanylate binding protein 2 (GBP2) showed elevated levels in the vitreous that were accompanied by increased mRNA expression in the retina of both rodΔVhl and all-coneΔVhl mice. We hypothesize that some of the differentially regulated proteins at early time points may potentially be used as markers for the detection of a chronic hypoxic response of photoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schori
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Trachsel
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maya Barben
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Klee
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Storti
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marijana Samardzija
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Grimm
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Dept. Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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44
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Falcão AM, van Bruggen D, Marques S, Meijer M, Jäkel S, Agirre E, Samudyata, Floriddia EM, Vanichkina DP, Ffrench-Constant C, Williams A, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Castelo-Branco G. Disease-specific oligodendrocyte lineage cells arise in multiple sclerosis. Nat Med 2018; 24:1837-1844. [PMID: 30420755 PMCID: PMC6544508 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by an immune system attack targeting myelin, which is produced by oligodendrocytes (OLs). We performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis of OL lineage cells from the spinal cord of mice induced with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which mimics several aspects of MS. We found unique OLs and OL precursor cells (OPCs) in EAE and uncovered several genes specifically alternatively spliced in these cells. Surprisingly, EAE-specific OL lineage populations expressed genes involved in antigen processing and presentation via major histocompatibility complex class I and II (MHC-I and -II), and in immunoprotection, suggesting alternative functions of these cells in a disease context. Importantly, we found that disease-specific oligodendroglia are also present in human MS brains and that a substantial number of genes known to be susceptibility genes for MS, so far mainly associated with immune cells, are expressed in the OL lineage cells. Finally, we demonstrate that OPCs can phagocytose and that MHC-II-expressing OPCs can activate memory and effector CD4-positive T cells. Our results suggest that OLs and OPCs are not passive targets but instead active immunomodulators in MS. The disease-specific OL lineage cells, for which we identify several biomarkers, may represent novel direct targets for immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mendanha Falcão
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - David van Bruggen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sueli Marques
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mandy Meijer
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah Jäkel
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine and MS Society Edinburgh Centre, Edinburgh bioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eneritz Agirre
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samudyata
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa M Floriddia
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Darya P Vanichkina
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales , Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Charles Ffrench-Constant
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine and MS Society Edinburgh Centre, Edinburgh bioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna Williams
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine and MS Society Edinburgh Centre, Edinburgh bioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm node, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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45
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Dalby MJ, Aviello G, Ross AW, Walker AW, Barrett P, Morgan PJ. Diet induced obesity is independent of metabolic endotoxemia and TLR4 signalling, but markedly increases hypothalamic expression of the acute phase protein, SerpinA3N. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15648. [PMID: 30353127 PMCID: PMC6199263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation is thought to contribute to obesity. One potential mechanism is via gut microbiota derived bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) entering into the circulation and activation of Toll-like receptor-4. This is called metabolic endotoxemia. Another potential mechanism is systemic inflammation arising from sustained exposure to high-fat diet (HFD) over more than 12 weeks. In this study we show that mice fed HFD over 8 weeks become obese and show elevated plasma LPS binding protein, yet body weight gain and adiposity is not attenuated in mice lacking Tlr4 or its co-receptor Cd14. In addition, caecal microbiota composition remained unchanged by diet. Exposure of mice to HFD over a more prolonged period (20 weeks) to drive systemic inflammation also caused obesity. RNAseq used to assess hypothalamic inflammation in these mice showed increased hypothalamic expression of Serpina3n and Socs3 in response to HFD, with few other genes altered. In situ hybridisation confirmed increased Serpina3n and Socs3 expression in the ARC and DMH at 20-weeks, but also at 8-weeks and increased SerpinA3N protein could be detected as early as 1 week on HFD. Overall these data show lack of hypothalamic inflammation in response to HFD and that metabolic endotoxemia does not link HFD to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Dalby
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Aviello
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander W Ross
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alan W Walker
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Perry Barrett
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Morgan
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom.
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46
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Gueugneau M, d'Hose D, Barbé C, de Barsy M, Lause P, Maiter D, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM, Schaeffer L, Gangloff YG, Chambon C, Coudy-Gandilhon C, Béchet D, Thissen JP. Increased Serpina3n release into circulation during glucocorticoid-mediated muscle atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:929-946. [PMID: 29989354 PMCID: PMC6204594 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids (GC) play a major role in muscle atrophy. As skeletal muscle is a secretory organ, characterization of the muscle secretome elicited by muscle atrophy should allow to better understand the cellular mechanisms and to identify circulating biomarkers of this condition. Our project aimed to identify the changes in the muscle secretome associated with GC-induced muscle atrophy and susceptible to translate into circulation. METHODS We have identified the GC-induced changes in the secretome of C2 C12 muscle cells by proteomic analysis, and then, we have determined how these changes translate into the circulation of mice or human subjects exposed to high concentrations of GC. RESULTS This approach led us to identify Serpina3n as one of the most markedly secreted protein in response to GC. Our original in vitro results were confirmed in vivo by an increased expression of Serpina3n in skeletal muscle (3.9-fold; P < 0.01) and in the serum (two-fold; P < 0.01) of mice treated with GC. We also observed increased levels of the human orthologue Serpina3 in the serum of Cushing's syndrome patients compared with healthy controls matched for age and sex (n = 9/group, 2.5-fold; P < 0.01). An increase of Serpina3n was also demonstrated in muscle atrophy models mediated by GC such as cancer cachexia (four-fold; P < 0.01), sepsis (12.5-fold; P < 0.001), or diabetes (two-fold; P < 0.01). In contrast, levels of Serpina3n both in skeletal muscle and in the circulation were reduced in several models of muscle hypertrophy induced by myostatin inhibition (P < 0.01). Furthermore, a cluster of data suggests that the regulation of muscle Serpina3n involves mTOR, an essential determinant of the muscle cell size. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data suggest that Serpina3n may represent a circulating biomarker of muscle atrophy associated to GC and, broadly, a reflection of dynamic changes in muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Gueugneau
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,INRA, UMR1019, Université Clermont Auvergne, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Donatienne d'Hose
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Barbé
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Lause
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Schaeffer
- INMG, CNRS, UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, LBMC, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yann-Gaël Gangloff
- INMG, CNRS, UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, LBMC, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Chambon
- INRA, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme Composante Protéomique, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon
- INRA, UMR1019, Université Clermont Auvergne, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Béchet
- INRA, UMR1019, Université Clermont Auvergne, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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47
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Wang L, Jiang S, Xiao L, Chen L, Zhang Y, Tong J. Inhibition of granzyme B activity blocks inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide through regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in NK92 cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:580-586. [PMID: 29749522 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Granzyme B (GrB) is a serine protease that is expressed in the lytic granules of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and which has been widely reported to serve a crucial role for target cell apoptosis. GrB may serve a non‑cytotoxic role in inflammation, but the evidence remains unclear. The present study aimed to establish an inflammatory cell model by using NK92 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate whether GrB was involved in the development of inflammation. The extracellular levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β) and GrB were examined by ELISA, and it was demonstrated that LPS treatment increased the extracellular levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β and GrB, and these increased expression levels were inhibited by pretreatment with the GrB inhibitor serpin A3N (SA3N). The protein expression levels of glucose‑regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB), inhibitor of NF‑κB (IκBα) and GrB were examined by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that LPS stimulation increased the expression levels of GRP78, CHOP, NF‑κB and GrB, and decreased the expression of IκBα, and these changes were inhibited by SA3N, which indicated that inhibition of GrB activity may suppress endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. Therefore, it was suggested that GrB may be a potential pro‑inflammatory factor, and inhibition of GrB activity may aid the prevention of the development of inflammation by suppressing ER stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tong
- Aristogenesis Genetic Laboratory, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
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48
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Yuan XL, Zhao YP, Huang J, Liu JC, Mao WQ, Yin J, Peng BW, Liu WH, Han S, He XH. A Kv1.3 channel-specific blocker alleviates neurological impairment through inhibiting T-cell activation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:967-977. [PMID: 29577640 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological autoimmune disorder characterized by mistaken attacks of inflammatory cells against the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in demyelination and axonal damage. Kv1.3 channel blockers can inhibit T-cell activation and have been designed for MS therapy. However, little is known about the effects of Kv1.3 blockers on protecting myelin sheaths/axons in MS. This study aimed at investigating the neuroprotection efficacy of a selective Kv1.3 channel blocker ImKTx88 (ImK) in MS animal model. METHODS Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model was established. The neuroprotective effect of ImK was assessed by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the antiinflammatory effect of ImK by suppressing T-cell activation was assessed by flow cytometry and ELISA in vitro. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that ImK administration ameliorated EAE clinical severity. Moreover, ImK increased oligodendrocytes survival, preserved axons, and myelin integrity and reduced the infiltration of activated T cells into the CNS. This protective effect of the peptide may be related to its suppression of autoantigen-specific T-cell activation via calcium influx inhibition. CONCLUSION ImK prevents neurological damage by suppressing T-cell activation, suggesting the applicability of this peptide in MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lu Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Peng Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Chen Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Qian Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Wen Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan-Hong Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Saito A, Okiyama N, Kubota N, Nakamura Y, Fujisawa Y, Watanabe R, Ishitsuka Y, Bleackley RC, Fujimoto M. Blockade of Granzyme B Remarkably Improves Mucocutaneous Diseases with Keratinocyte Death in Interface Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2079-2083. [PMID: 29577918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Saito
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoko Okiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Noriko Kubota
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujisawa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ishitsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Chris Bleackley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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50
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Arias M, Martínez-Lostao L, Santiago L, Ferrandez A, Granville DJ, Pardo J. The Untold Story of Granzymes in Oncoimmunology: Novel Opportunities with Old Acquaintances. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:407-422. [PMID: 28718416 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
For more than 20 years perforin and granzymes (GZMs) have been recognized as key cell death executors of cytotoxic T (Tc) and natural killer (NK) cells during cancer immunosurveillance. In immune surveillance, perforin and GZMB, the most potent cytotoxic molecules, act mainly as antitumoral and anti-infectious factors. However, when expressed by immune regulatory cells they may contribute to immune evasion of specific cancer types. By contrast, the other major granzyme, GZMA, seems not to play a major role in Tc/NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, but acts as a proinflammatory cytokine that might contribute to cancer development. Members of the GZM family also regulate other biological processes unrelated to cell death, such as angiogenesis, vascular integrity, extracellular matrix remodeling, and barrier function, all of which contribute to cancer initiation and progression. Thus, a new paradigm is emerging in the field of oncoimmunology. Can GZMs act as protumoral factors under some circumstances? We review the diverse roles of GZMs in cancer progression, and new therapeutic opportunities emerging from targeting these protumoral roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Arias
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Luis Martínez-Lostao
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, and Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Servicio de Inmunología Hospital Clínico Universitario Lorenzo Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Llipsy Santiago
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Angel Ferrandez
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lorenzo Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julián Pardo
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Biomedical Research Centre of Aragon (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, and Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon I+D Foundation (ARAID), Zaragoza, Spain.
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