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Beer Y, Yona T, Arama Y, Lindner D, Garrigues G, Feletti F, Blond L, Gilat R. Kiteboarding Injuries: Epidemiology, Common Treatment Strategies, and Time to Return to Kiteboarding Following Injury. Clin J Sport Med 2024:00042752-990000000-00232. [PMID: 39230354 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence and types of injuries incurred during kiteboarding (1), along with treatment approaches (2). In addition, the time to return to kiteboarding following injury (3) and factors associated with the rate and type of injury were analyzed (4). SETTING Recreational kiteboarding. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS Three hundred twelve kiteboarders (280 men, 32 women, mean age 42.91 ± 13) were included in the study. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Age, sex, experience, and the use of protective gear. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Kiteboarding experience, injury location, type, incidence, nonsurgical and surgical treatment modalities, and return-to-kiteboarding data. RESULTS The number of injuries calculated per 1000 sessions was a mean of 7.82 (4.83-10.81). Patients with less than 2 years of kiteboarding experience were at a greater risk of injury than more experienced kiters (P < 0.001). The knee (24.1%), ankle and foot (18.9%), ribs (12.7%), and shoulder (10.2%) were the body parts most frequently injured. Overall, 14.4% of kiters underwent surgical intervention, with knee surgery being the most common site of operation (41.9%) and the most frequently performed procedure being anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of reported injury was found to be different from that previously reported in the scientific literature among freeriding kiters, with knees, ribs, and shoulders being most frequently involved. Participants with <2 years of experience had a significantly greater risk of injury; therefore, proper technical and physical training is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiftah Beer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tzadok Yona
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yuval Arama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror Lindner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Grant Garrigues
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Francesco Feletti
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; and
| | - Lars Blond
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koege University Hospital and Teres Medical Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ron Gilat
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Komarzynski S, Adams L, Davies EH. Case example of a female solo sailor competing in the Vendée Globe reveals extraordinary biological demands. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:793-802. [PMID: 38861588 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2365011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The Vendée Globe is a non-stop, unassisted, single-handed round the world sailing race. It is regarded as the toughest sailing race, requiring high cognitive functioning and constant alertness. Little is known about the amount of sleep restriction and nutritional deficit experienced at sea and effects that fatigue have on sailors' performance. This report aimed to investigate these aspects by monitoring one of the female participants of the latest Vendée Globe. Sleep, food intake and stress were self-reported daily using specific app. Cognitive assessments were digitally completed. Heart rate and activity intensity were measured using a wrist-worn wearable device. Mean self-report sleep duration per 24 h was 3 hours 40 minutes. By the end of the 95 race days, the sailor reached a caloric deficit of 27,900 kcal. On average, the sailor spent 50 minutes per day in moderate-to-vigorous activity. Cognitive assessments did not show any effect of fatigue or stress on completion time or performance. Recent technological and communication advancement for offshore sailors, enabled continuous data to be monitored in near real time, even from the Southern Ocean. Moving forward this will enable greater understanding of when sailors will be at risk of poor decision making, illness or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Adams
- Operations, Pip Hare Ocean Racing, Poole, UK
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Trease L, Albert E, Singleman G, Brymer E. What Is an Extreme Sports Healthcare Provider: An Auto-Ethnographic Study of the Development of an Extreme Sports Medicine Training Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148286. [PMID: 35886138 PMCID: PMC9323505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
“I remember when sex was safe and skydiving was dangerous” read a popular bumper sticker during the HIV crisis. Popular perceptions of extreme sport (ES) often include the descriptor ‘dangerous’. Therefore, why is the popularity of ES increasing exponentially with “dedicated TV channels, internet sites, high-rating competitions, and high-profile sponsors drawing more participants”? More importantly, how should health practitioners respond to the influx of ES athletes with novel injuries, enquiries and attitudes. This paper describes the results of a collaborative auto-ethnographic approach to answering “what is an extreme sports medicine health care provider and what are the components of an effective Extreme Sports Medicine (ESM) training program?” The study was conducted following the first ESM university course offered in Australia with the intention of assessing the learning design and reflecting on the development and practice of ES health practitioners. We explicated three overarching themes common to both the ES health practitioner and for the effective training of healthcare providers in the support of ES endeavors and athletes. These themes were individual, task and environmental factors. The impacts of these findings confirm that ESM courses are vital and should be designed specifically to ensure that practitioners are effectively supported to develop the unique skills necessary for practice in real world extreme sports events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Trease
- Healthcare in Remote and Extreme Environments (HREE) Program, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (E.A.); (G.S.)
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Edi Albert
- Healthcare in Remote and Extreme Environments (HREE) Program, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (E.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Glenn Singleman
- Healthcare in Remote and Extreme Environments (HREE) Program, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (E.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Eric Brymer
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast Campus, Bilinga, Gold Coast, QLD 4225, Australia;
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Wilkes M, Long G, Massey H, Eglin C, Tipton M. Quantifying Risk in Air Sports: Flying Activity and Incident Rates in Paragliding. Wilderness Environ Med 2022; 33:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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McKenzie RJ, Chambers TP, Nicholson-Perry K, Pilgrim J, Ward PB. "Feels Good to Get Wet": The Unique Affordances of Surf Therapy Among Australian Youth. Front Psychol 2021; 12:721238. [PMID: 34721176 PMCID: PMC8552065 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.721238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing prevalence rates of mental health problems among adolescents is an issue of growing concern. Surf therapy is a novel intervention that may provide tangible benefits to address this problem. Congruent with the ecological dynamics perspective (EDP), the existing research postulates that surf therapy yields psychological benefits in part due to the unique affordances of immersion in a blue space such as the ocean. Evidence worldwide has validated the use of surfing as a therapeutic mediator to achieve positive change, however, no such research has been conducted on Australian adolescents. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Waves of Wellness (WOW) Foundation's 8 week surf therapy program on mental health outcomes in Australian at-risk youth. The study employed a mixed-methods design to examine the experiences of participants. Nine adolescents (Mage = 14.9; SD = 1.2; 8 female) participated in the quantitative stage, with four completing the qualitative interview. Results indicated positive changes in resilience, self-esteem, social connectedness, and depressive symptoms post-intervention, however, improvements were not maintained at follow-up. Participants unanimously agreed that the program normalised their experiences with mental health through the unique leaning environment and fostered personal growth through mastery experiences and the development of healthy relationships. The EDP provided the most compelling explanation of the results denoting that benefits arise from the reciprocal relationship between individual, task, and environment. Despite the small and heterogenous sample, the findings provided preliminary evidence of the efficacy of surf therapy among Australian youth and offer a potential starting point for further research utilising larger more diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Jade McKenzie
- Discipline of Psychological Science, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn Nicholson-Perry
- Discipline of Psychological Science, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joel Pilgrim
- Waves of Wellness Foundation, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip B Ward
- Waves of Wellness Foundation, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,UNSW Sydney and Schizophrenia Research Unit, School of Psychiatry, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Fatalities associated with ski touring and freeriding: A retrospective analysis from 2001 to 2019. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL: REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2021.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Feletti F, Brymer E, Bonato M, Aliverti A. Injuries and illnesses related to dinghy-sailing on hydrofoiling boats. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:118. [PMID: 34593028 PMCID: PMC8485530 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrofoil technology has changed sailing, significantly increasing its speed and resulting in spectacularity and mass media interest. Although high speed can expose participants to a risk of high-energy trauma, there are no scientific studies related to trauma in dinghies that exploit this technology. Therefore, this study aims primarily to measure the injury rate, and identify the kind and anatomical distribution of most common injuries and secondarily identify the traumatic dynamics most often involved and the main risk factors. METHODS This descriptive epidemiology study examined data relative to injuries and illnesses suffered by 77 sailors (91% males) from 13 nationalities during three international, gathered through a specifically designed questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of illnesses and overuse injuries during the regatta week were 6.5% and 18.2%, respectively, while the incidence of acute injuries was 16/1000 sailor-hours. Upper limbs, lower limbs and lumbar spine were involved in 34.6%, 26.9% and 15.4% of cases of musculoskeletal injuries, respectively. None of the acute injuries reached the maximal score of severity, while the higher score value was 63/100. Most of the reported illnesses (80%; n = 4) were upper respiratory tract infections with a prevalence in the week of the regatta of 5.2% and an incidence of 0.51/1000 sailor-hours. Environmental factors played a role in 77% of the incidents resulting in acute injuries. CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable information for regatta organizers, boat builders, athletes, coaches, and doctors. In addition, it fosters the importance of ergonomics of boats, adequate clothing and specific physical training for injuries and illnesses prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Feletti
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Ausl della Romagna, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Brymer
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast Campus, Lismore, Australia
| | - Matteo Bonato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Aliverti
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Feletti F, Bonato M. The Incidence of Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion in Action Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8728. [PMID: 33255389 PMCID: PMC7727801 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence of concussion risk in youth athletes involved in action sports (AS). METHODS A search of PubMed and Web of Science (from January 1980 to August 2020). Titles, abstracts, and full text were screened according to predefined inclusion criteria to find relevant studies. Moreover, the methodological quality of the studies selected was assessed. RESULTS Nineteen of 1.619 studies were included in the systematic review and 14 in the meta-analysis. Motocross, sailing and snowboarding presented the highest incidence rates per 1000 athlete exposure at 39.22, 3.73 and 2.77 respectively, whereas alpine skiing had the lowest incidence rates resulting in 0.30. Overall risk of concussion was estimated at 0.33 (CI: 0.22, 0.45). Regarding the methodological quality, we have to report that 26.3% of the studies reported the definition of concussion while 36.8% presented age and gender-specific incidence rates. The mechanism of injury and follow up were reported only in one study. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in the rates of incident youth concussion across AS. Despite some limitations, the data from this research can serve as the current sport-specific baseline risk of concussion among youth athletes who practice action sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Feletti
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Ausl della Romagna, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonato
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy;
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Brymer E, Feletti F, Monasterio E, Schweitzer R. Editorial: Understanding Extreme Sports: A Psychological Perspective. Front Psychol 2020; 10:3029. [PMID: 32082207 PMCID: PMC7005245 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Brymer
- Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Erik Monasterio
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert Schweitzer
- The School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Bouchat P, Brymer E. BASE Jumping Fatalities Between 2007 and 2017: Main Causes of Fatal Events and Recommendations for Safety. Wilderness Environ Med 2019; 30:407-411. [PMID: 31704133 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BASE (buildings, antennae, span, earth) jumping involves jumping from fixed objects with a parachute. This practice is associated with fatal events. Despite considerable evolution in BASE jump practice over the past years, fatalities have increased. Identifying the main causes of fatal events and recommending processes to reduce fatalities is vital for safe BASE jumping practice. METHODS In an effort to capture worldwide cases between 2007 and 2017, we identified and classified on a Haddon matrix each fatal event from the BASE jumping fatality list. Although not devoid of limitations, this is the most comprehensive list of BASE jumping fatal events and the main source of information on BASE-related fatalities for BASE jump participants. RESULTS The report noted 223 fatalities, 197 of them being cliff jumps. In addition, 137 fatal jumps were wingsuit jumps. Impact and object strike were the main cause of fatal event (96%). Human factors leading to fatality were mostly low pull/no pull (64%) and bad exits (15%). Equipment factors included off-heading openings, twists, and pilot chute entanglement. Environmental factors included strong wind, poor visibility, and water. CONCLUSIONS BASE jump practice has undergone radical transformations in the last 10 y, especially linked to the mountain environment and the use of wingsuits. These factors were linked to most fatal events. Key recommendations are basic practical measures, such as ground preparation and equipment checks, and deep technical and personal knowledge that involves regular engagement and significant introspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bouchat
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Eric Brymer
- Psychological sciences, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Brisbane, Australia
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Abstract
Emotions are a signaling system, evolved by providing selective advantage through enhanced survival and reproduction. The selective advantage conferred by thrill or exhilaration, however, remains unknown. Hypotheses, as yet untested, include overcoming phobias or honing physical skills as juveniles, or exhibiting desirability during mate selection. Extreme sports can provide an ethically and experimentally feasible tool to analyze thrill. To use this tool, extreme sports must first be defined in a non-circular way, independent of participant psychology. Existing concepts, from different disciplines, focus, respectively, on drama, activity types, or consequences of error. Here, I draw upon academic and popular literature, and autoethnographic experience, to distinguish extreme from adventurous levels for a range of different outdoor sports. I conclude that extreme outdoor adventure sports can be defined objectively as those activities, conditions, and levels, where participant survival relies on moment-by-moment skill, and any error is likely to prove fatal. This allows us to examine the motivations, experiences, and transformations of individuals who undertake these activities. In particular, it will allow us to examine the emotional experience of thrill, previously studied principally as an aspect of personality, from new neurophysiological and evolutionary perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf C Buckley
- International Chair in Ecotourism Research, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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