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Pires C, Marques IJ, Valério M, Saramago A, Santo PE, Santos S, Silva M, Moura MM, Matos J, Pereira T, Cabrera R, Lousa D, Leite V, Bandeiras TM, Vicente JB, Cavaco BM. CHEK2 germline variants identified in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer lead to impaired protein structure and function. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105767. [PMID: 38367672 PMCID: PMC10956065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5 to 15% of nonmedullary thyroid cancers (NMTC) present in a familial form (familial nonmedullary thyroid cancers [FNMTC]). The genetic basis of FNMTC remains largely unknown, representing a limitation for diagnostic and clinical management. Recently, germline mutations in DNA repair-related genes have been described in cases with thyroid cancer (TC), suggesting a role in FNMTC etiology. Here, two FNMTC families were studied, each with two members affected with TC. Ninety-four hereditary cancer predisposition genes were analyzed through next-generation sequencing, revealing two germline CHEK2 missense variants (c.962A > C, p.E321A and c.470T > C, p.I157T), which segregated with TC in each FNMTC family. p.E321A, located in the CHK2 protein kinase domain, is a rare variant, previously unreported in the literature. Conversely, p.I157T, located in CHK2 forkhead-associated domain, has been extensively described, having conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity. CHK2 proteins (WT and variants) were characterized using biophysical methods, molecular dynamics simulations, and immunohistochemistry. Overall, biophysical characterization of these CHK2 variants showed that they have compromised structural and conformational stability and impaired kinase activity, compared to the WT protein. CHK2 appears to aggregate into amyloid-like fibrils in vitro, which opens future perspectives toward positioning CHK2 in cancer pathophysiology. CHK2 variants exhibited higher propensity for this conformational change, also displaying higher expression in thyroid tumors. The present findings support the utility of complementary biophysical and in silico approaches toward understanding the impact of genetic variants in protein structure and function, improving the current knowledge on CHEK2 variants' role in FNMTC genetic basis, with prospective clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês J Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Valério
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Saramago
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo E Santo
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sandra Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Silva
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida M Moura
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Matos
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pereira
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rafael Cabrera
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Lousa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal; Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - João B Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Branca M Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Hu Y, Han Z, Guo H, Zhang N, Shen N, Jiang Y, Huang T. Identification of a Novel Germline PPP4R3A Missense Mutation Asp409Asn on Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:244. [PMID: 38275415 PMCID: PMC10813271 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) accounts for 3% to 9% of all thyroid cancer cases, yet its genetic mechanisms remain unknown. Our study aimed to screen and identify novel susceptibility genes for FNMTC. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on a confirmed FNMTC pedigree, comprising four affected individuals across two generations. Variants were filtered and analyzed using ExAC and 1000 Genomes Project, with candidate gene pathogenicity predicted using SIFT, PolyPhen, and MutationTaster. Validation was performed through Sanger sequencing in affected pedigree members and sporadic patients (TCGA database) as well as general population data (gnomAD database). Ultimately, we identified the mutant PPP4R3A (NC_000014.8:g.91942196C>T, or NM_001366432.2(NP_001353361.1):p.(Asp409Asn), based on GRCH37) as an FNMTC susceptibility gene. Subsequently, a series of functional experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of PPP4R3A and its Asp409Asn missense variant in thyroid cancer. Our findings demonstrated that wild-type PPP4R3A exerted tumor-suppressive effects via the Akt-mTOR-P70 S6K/4E-BP1 axis. However, overexpression of the PPP4R3A Asp409Asn mutant resulted in loss of tumor-suppressive function, ineffective inhibition of cell invasion, and even promotion of cell proliferation and migration by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. These results indicated that the missense variant PPP4R3A Asp409Asn is a candidate susceptibility gene for FNMTC, providing new insights into the diagnosis and intervention of FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Zhuojun Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Honghao Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Yujia Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
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3
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Uludag M, Unlu MT, Kostek M, Aygun N, Caliskan O, Ozel A, Isgor A. Management of Thyroid Nodules. SISLI ETFAL HASTANESI TIP BULTENI 2023; 57:287-304. [PMID: 37900341 PMCID: PMC10600596 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2023.06992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid nodules are common and the prevalence varies between 4 and 7% by palpation and 19-68% by high-resolution USG. Most thyroid nodules are benign, and the malignancy rate varies between 7 and 15% of patients. Thyroid nodules are detected incidentally during clinical examination or, more often, during imaging studies performed for another reason. All detected thyroid nodules should be evaluated clinically. The main test in evaluating thyroid function is thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). If the serum TSH level is below the normal reference range, a radionuclide thyroid scan should be performed to determine whether the nodule is hyperfunctioning. If the serum TSH level is normal or high, ultrasonography (US) should be performed to evaluate the nodule. US is the most sensitive imaging method in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging are not routinely used in the initial evaluation of thyroid nodules. There are many risk classification systems according to the USG characteristics of thyroid nodules, and the most widely used in clinical practice are the American Thyroid Association guideline and the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the gold standard method in the evaluation of nodules with indication according to USG risk class. In the cytological evaluation of FNAB, the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is the most frequently applied cytological classification. TBSRTC is a simplified, 6-category reporting system and was updated in 2023. The application of molecular tests to FNAB specimens, especially those diagnosed with Bethesda III and IV, is increasing to reduce the need for diagnostic surgery. Especially in Bethesda III and IV nodules, different methods are applied in the treatment of nodules according to the malignancy risk of each category, these are follow-up, surgical treatment, radioactive iodine treatment, and non-surgical ablation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Uludag
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Taner Unlu
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Kostek
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nurcihan Aygun
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ozan Caliskan
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Alper Ozel
- Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Adnan Isgor
- Department of General Surgery, Sisli Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Fagin JA, Krishnamoorthy GP, Landa I. Pathogenesis of cancers derived from thyroid follicular cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:631-650. [PMID: 37438605 PMCID: PMC10763075 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The genomic simplicity of differentiated cancers derived from thyroid follicular cells offers unique insights into how oncogenic drivers impact tumour phenotype. Essentially, the main oncoproteins in thyroid cancer activate nodes in the receptor tyrosine kinase-RAS-BRAF pathway, which constitutively induces MAPK signalling to varying degrees consistent with their specific biochemical mechanisms of action. The magnitude of the flux through the MAPK signalling pathway determines key elements of thyroid cancer biology, including differentiation state, invasive properties and the cellular composition of the tumour microenvironment. Progression of disease results from genomic lesions that drive immortalization, disrupt chromatin accessibility and cause cell cycle checkpoint dysfunction, in conjunction with a tumour microenvironment characterized by progressive immunosuppression. This Review charts the genomic trajectories of these common endocrine tumours, while connecting them to the biological states that they confer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Fagin
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gnana P Krishnamoorthy
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iñigo Landa
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Balinisteanu I, Panzaru MC, Caba L, Ungureanu MC, Florea A, Grigore AM, Gorduza EV. Cancer Predisposition Syndromes and Thyroid Cancer: Keys for a Short Two-Way Street. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2143. [PMID: 37626640 PMCID: PMC10452453 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer predisposition syndromes are entities determined especially by germinal pathogenic variants, with most of them autosomal dominantly inherited. The risk of a form of cancer is variable throughout life and affects various organs, including the thyroid. Knowing the heterogeneous clinical picture and the existing genotype-phenotype correlations in some forms of thyroid cancer associated with these syndromes is important for adequate and early management of patients and families. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on genes and proteins involved in cancer predisposition syndromes with thyroid cancer and the phenomena of heterogeneity (locus, allelic, mutational, and clinical).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Balinisteanu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (M.-C.U.)
- Endocrinology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Hospital, 700106 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica-Cristina Panzaru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Lavinia Caba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Maria-Christina Ungureanu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (M.-C.U.)
- Endocrinology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Hospital, 700106 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Florea
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Ana Maria Grigore
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
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6
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Guda BB, Komisarenko II, Ostafiichuk MV, Tronko MD. FAMILIAL NON-MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA. Exp Oncol 2023; 45:70-78. [PMID: 37417280 DOI: 10.15407/exp-oncology.2023.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is defined as cancer developing in two or more first-degree relatives if predisposing factors, for example, radiation, are absent. The disease can be either syndromic, when it is a component of complex genetic syndromes, or non-syndromic (95% cases). The genetic basis of non-syndromic FNMTC is unknown; the clinical behavior of tumorsis unclear and, at times, contradictory. AIM To analyze clinical manifestations of FNMTC and compare them with the data for sporadic papillary thyroid carcinomas in patients of the same age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 22 patients (a "parents" group and a "children" group) suffering from the non-syndromic FNMTC. For comparison, two groups of sporadic papillary carcinomas patients of the same age were drawn up("adult" and "young"). We analyzed tumor size and frequency of the distributionby the categoryof TNM system, invasiveness, multifocality, metastases to lymph nodes, type and extent of surgical and radioiodine treatment, and prognosis according to the MACIS criterion. RESULTS Whether sporadic or familial, the tumor size, metastatic potential, and invasive potential are higher in young people, asalready known. There was no significant difference between the "parents" and "adult" groups of patients in terms of tumor parameters. One exception was the higher frequency of multifocal tumors in the FNMTC patients. Meanwhile, compared to the "young" sporadic papillary carcinomas patients, the FNMTC "children" had a higher frequency of T2 tumors, metastasizing (N1a-N1ab), and multifocal tumors, but a lower frequency of carcinomas with intrathyroidal invasions.In the FNMTC "children" compared to FNMTC "parents" was a higher frequency of T2 tumors, metastasizing carcinomas, and tumors with capsular invasion. CONCLUSION FNMTC carcinomas are more aggressive than sporadic ones, especially in patients who are first-degree relatives in a family with parents already diagnosed with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Guda
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - I I Komisarenko
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - M V Ostafiichuk
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - M D Tronko
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
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Majdalani P, Yoel U, Nasasra T, Fraenkel M, Haim A, Loewenthal N, Zarivach R, Hershkovitz E, Parvari R. Novel Susceptibility Genes Drive Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer in a Large Consanguineous Kindred. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098233. [PMID: 37175943 PMCID: PMC10179265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is a well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) of follicular cell origin in two or more first-degree relatives. Patients typically demonstrate an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance. While known genes and chromosomal loci account for some FNMTC, the molecular basis for most FNMTC remains elusive. To identify the variation(s) causing FNMTC in an extended consanguineous family consisting of 16 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases, we performed whole exome sequence (WES) analysis of six family patients. We demonstrated an association of ARHGEF28, FBXW10, and SLC47A1 genes with FNMTC. The variations in these genes may affect the structures of their encoded proteins and, thus, their function. The most promising causative gene is ARHGEF28, which has high expression in the thyroid, and its protein-protein interactions (PPIs) suggest predisposition of PTC through ARHGEF28-SQSTM1-TP53 or ARHGEF28-PTCSC2-FOXE1-TP53 associations. Using DNA from a patient's thyroid malignant tissue, we analyzed the possible cooperation of somatic variations with these genes. We revealed two somatic heterozygote variations in XRCC1 and HRAS genes known to implicate thyroid cancer. Thus, the predisposition by the germline variations and a second hit by somatic variations could lead to the progression to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Majdalani
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Uri Yoel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Tayseer Nasasra
- Internal Medicine A, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Merav Fraenkel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Neta Loewenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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8
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Schüle S, Darr A, Anneken A, Hahn T. [Diagnosis and therapy of thyroid cancer]. MMW Fortschr Med 2023; 165:62-69. [PMID: 37155068 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-023-2445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Schüle
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Rathsberger Str. 57, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
| | - Andreas Darr
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Andrea Anneken
- Medizinische Klinik 2, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marie, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Hahn
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Rathsberger Str. 57, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland
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9
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Kruger E, Toraih EA, Hussein MH, Shehata SA, Waheed A, Fawzy MS, Kandil E. Thyroid Carcinoma: A Review for 25 Years of Environmental Risk Factors Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246172. [PMID: 36551665 PMCID: PMC9777404 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors are established contributors to thyroid carcinomas. Due to their known ability to cause cancer, exposure to several organic and inorganic chemical toxicants and radiation from nuclear weapons, fallout, or medical radiation poses a threat to global public health. Halogenated substances like organochlorines and pesticides can interfere with thyroid function. Like phthalates and bisphenolates, polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites, along with polybrominated diethyl ethers, impact thyroid hormones biosynthesis, transport, binding to target organs, and impair thyroid function. A deeper understanding of environmental exposure is crucial for managing and preventing thyroid cancer. This review aims to investigate the relationship between environmental factors and the development of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kruger
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Mohammad H. Hussein
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shaimaa A. Shehata
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amani Waheed
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Howard SR, Freeston S, Harrison B, Izatt L, Natu S, Newbold K, Pomplun S, Spoudeas HA, Wilne S, Kurzawinski TR, Gaze MN. Paediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a UK National Clinical Practice Consensus Guideline. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:G1-G33. [PMID: 35900783 PMCID: PMC9513650 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This guideline is written as a reference document for clinicians presented with the challenge of managing paediatric patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma up to the age of 19 years. Care of paediatric patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma differs in key aspects from that of adults, and there have been several recent developments in the care pathways for this condition; this guideline has sought to identify and attend to these areas. It addresses the presentation, clinical assessment, diagnosis, management (both surgical and medical), genetic counselling, follow-up and prognosis of affected patients. The guideline development group formed of a multi-disciplinary panel of sub-speciality experts carried out a systematic primary literature review and Delphi Consensus exercise. The guideline was developed in accordance with The Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Instrument II criteria, with input from stakeholders including charities and patient groups. Based on scientific evidence and expert opinion, 58 recommendations have been collected to produce a clear, pragmatic set of management guidelines. It is intended as an evidence base for future optimal management and to improve the quality of clinical care of paediatric patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha R Howard
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Freeston
- Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Louise Izatt
- Department of Clinical and Cancer Genetics, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sonali Natu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Kate Newbold
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sabine Pomplun
- Department of Pathology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Helen A Spoudeas
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sophie Wilne
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Nottingham University Hospital’s NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tom R Kurzawinski
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Endocrine Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark N Gaze
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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