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DeWinter S, Shahin K, Fernandez-Prada C, Greer AL, Weese JS, Clow KM. Ecological determinants of leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia spp.: A scoping review. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39011830 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Leishmania spp. are zoonotic parasites transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, including those of the Lutzomyia genus, which can cause leishmaniases in both humans and dogs. Lutzomyia spp. are established in many countries in South and Central America and some areas of the southern United States, with suspected potential of these vectors to undergo further range expansion due to climate change. A scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extensions for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines to describe the current state of knowledge on the key ecological factors associated with Lutzomyia spp. survival, reproduction and establishment. The following electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published from 1 January 1990, to the date of search, 26 April 2023: CAB Direct (CABI), MEDLINE (via Ovid), Biological Sciences Database and Environmental Sciences Database. Primary research articles that were available in English and focused on ecological factors associated with Lutzomyia spp., such as climatic and habitat factors, geographic range, seasonality and temporality, and host abundance, were eligible for inclusion in the study. Following de-duplication, a total of 167 studies were included in Level 1 screening, 64 studies were included in Level 2 screening and 31 studies met the criteria for data extraction. Study locations included Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, the United States, Mexico and Canada, with some studies including multiple regions. A total of 31 different Lutzomyia spp. were assessed across these studies, with most (51.6%) of the studies focused on Lutzomyia longipalpis. Eligible studies investigated factors such as seasonality (n = 5), temperature (n = 19), precipitation (n = 13), humidity (n = 2), vegetation presence or requirements (n = 13), ecotypes (n = 7), and/or community type (i.e., urban, suburban, rural) (n = 5). Lutzomyia spp. activity was found to be higher during the rainy season, and peak when temperatures were between 20 and 25°C. Lutzomyia spp. were also found to preferentially reside in tropical or subtropical forests, which are characterised by their lack of a distinct dry season and high precipitation. This scoping review summarised the current state of the literature on the ecological factors associated with the survival, activity and reproduction of Lutzomyia spp. While there appears to be some consensus in the literature regarding some ecological requirements (such as seasonality, temperature and habitat features), overall, there is a lack of published research in this topic. This poses a significant challenge for future studies, which aim to predict the future distribution of Lutzomyia spp. in the context of climate and land use changes. Additional ecological research is urgently needed on Lutzomyia spp. given their relevance to both human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney DeWinter
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keana Shahin
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Fernandez-Prada
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amy L Greer
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Scott Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie M Clow
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Muñoz Morales D, Suarez Daza F, Franco Betancur O, Martinez Guevara D, Liscano Y. The Impact of Climatological Factors on the Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Colombian Municipalities from 2017 to 2019. Pathogens 2024; 13:462. [PMID: 38921760 PMCID: PMC11206359 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus, transmitted by vectors from the Phlebotominae subfamily. The interaction between the vector, reservoir, and parasite is susceptible to climate change. This study explores how temperature and rainfall influenced the incidence of CL in 15 Colombian municipalities between 2017 and 2019. Epidemiological data were obtained from Colombia's Instituto Nacional de Salud, while climatological data came from the Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales. Using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, we examined the relationships between monthly climatic variables and the cumulative incidence of CL, considering various lag times. The data were further analyzed using Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS). Our findings reveal both significant positive and negative correlations, depending on locality and climate variables. LOWESS analysis indicates that while rainfall-related incidence remains stable, temperature impacts incidence in a parabolic trend. This study underscores the significant yet complex influence of climatic factors on CL incidence. The insights gained could aid public health efforts by improving predictive models and crafting targeted interventions to mitigate the disease's impact, particularly in regions vulnerable to climate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz Morales
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Fernanda Suarez Daza
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Oliva Franco Betancur
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia; (F.S.D.); (O.F.B.)
| | - Darly Martinez Guevara
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
| | - Yamil Liscano
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
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Sevá ADP, Mao L, Galvis-Ovallos F, Oliveira KMM, Oliveira FBS, Albuquerque GR. Spatio-temporal distribution and contributing factors of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis: A comparative study in Bahia, Brazil. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023; 47:100615. [PMID: 38042540 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Tegumentary (TL) and visceral (VL) leishmaniasis are neglected zoonotic diseases in Brazil, caused by different parasites and transmitted by various vector species. This study investigated and compared spatio-temporal patterns of TL and VL from 2007 to 2020 in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and their correlations with extrinsic factors. The results showed that the total number of cases of both TL and VL were decreasing. The number of municipalities with reported cases reduced for TL over time but remained almost unchanged for VL. There were few municipalities with reported both diseases. Statistical analysis showed that local TL incidence was associated positively with natural forest. Local VL incidence was associated positively with Cerrado (Brazilian savannah) vegetation. This study identified different patterns of occurrence of VL and TL and the risk areas that could be prioritized for epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaiá da Paixão Sevá
- Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil; Department of Exact and Technological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Liang Mao
- Department of Geography, University of Florida, 3141 Turlington Hall, 330 Newell Dr., Gainesville, FL 32611-7315, USA
| | - Fredy Galvis-Ovallos
- Public Health Faculty, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Karenina Melo Miranda Oliveira
- Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Bruno Souza Oliveira
- Department of Exact and Technological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
| | - George Rego Albuquerque
- Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil
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Palmeiro-Silva YK, Lescano AG, Flores EC, Astorga E Y, Rojas L, Chavez MG, Mora-Rivera W, Hartinger SM. Identifying gaps on health impacts, exposures, and vulnerabilities to climate change on human health and wellbeing in South America: a scoping review. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 26:100580. [PMID: 37876675 PMCID: PMC10593580 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
There is an important gap in regional information on climate change and health, limiting the development of science-based climate policies in South American countries. This study aims to identify the main gaps in the existing scientific literature on the impacts, exposure, and vulnerabilities of climate change on population health. A scoping review was performed guided by four sub-questions focused on the impacts of climate change on physical and mental health, exposure and vulnerability factors of population to climate hazards. The main findings showed that physical impacts mainly included infectious diseases, while mental health impacts included trauma, depression, and anxiety. Evidence on population exposure to climate hazards is limited, and social determinants of health and individual factors were identified as vulnerability factors. Overall, evidence on the intersection between climate change and health is limited in South America and has been generated in silos, with limited transdisciplinary research. More formal and systematic information should be generated to inform public policy. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasna K. Palmeiro-Silva
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centro de Políticas Públicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres G. Lescano
- Clima, Latin American Center of Excellence for Climate Change and Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Emerge, Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Elaine C. Flores
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- The Stanford Center for Innovation in Global Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yamileth Astorga E
- Escuela de Tecnologías en Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Luciana Rojas
- Clima, Latin American Center of Excellence for Climate Change and Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario G. Chavez
- Emerge, Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Sociedad Científica de San Fernando, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Wendel Mora-Rivera
- InterAmerican Center for Global Health (CISG), Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Stella M. Hartinger
- Clima, Latin American Center of Excellence for Climate Change and Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Belo VS, Bruhn FRP, Barbosa DS, Câmara DCP, Simões TC, Buzanovsky LP, Duarte AGS, de Melo SN, Cardoso DT, Donato LE, Maia-Elkhoury ANS, Werneck GL. Temporal patterns, spatial risks, and characteristics of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Brazil in the first twenty years of the 21st Century. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011405. [PMID: 37285388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is a significant public health issue in Brazil. The present ecological study describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of TL cases reported in the country, and analyzes the spatial and temporal patterns of the incidences and risks of occurrence across the five geopolitical regions and 27 federative units. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Data regarding new cases of TL notified between 2001 and 2020 were obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Joinpoint and spatial and temporal generalized additive models were used to establish trends in the evolution of TL during the target period. The incidence rate for the entire period was 226.41 cases/100,000 inhabitants. All regions of Brazil showed trends of decreasing incidence rates, albeit with fluctuations at specific times, with the exception of the Southeast where rates have increased since 2014, most particularly in Minas Gerais state. The disease was concentrated predominantly in the North region, with Acre state leading the incidence rank in the whole country, followed by Mato Grosso (Midwest), Maranhão and Bahia (Northeast) states. The spatial distribution of the risk of TL occurrence in relation to the annual averages was relatively stable throughout the period. The cutaneous form of TL was predominant and cases most frequently occurred in rural areas and among men of working age. The ages of individuals contracting TL tended to increase during the time series. Finally, the proportion of confirmations by laboratory tests was lower in the Northeast. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE TL shows a declining trend in Brazil, but its widespread occurrence and the presence of areas with increasing incidence rates demonstrate the persistent relevance of this disease and the need for constant monitoring. Our findings reinforce the importance of temporal and spatial tools in epidemiologic surveillance routines and are valuable for targeting preventive and control actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Silva Belo
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - David Soeiro Barbosa
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara
- Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taynãna César Simões
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lia Puppim Buzanovsky
- Centro Pan-Americano de Febre Aftosa, Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Saulo Nascimento de Melo
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Diogo Tavares Cardoso
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Loureiro Werneck
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Sousa RLT, Araujo-Pereira TD, Leal ARDS, Freire SM, Silva CLM, Mallet JRDS, Vilela ML, Vasconcelos SA, Gomes R, Teixeira C, Britto C, Pita Pereira DD, Carvalho BMD. Association between the potential distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis and Nyssomyia whitmani and leishmaniasis incidence in Piauí State, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011388. [PMID: 37276231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmaniases are vector borne diseases caused by Leishmania spp. parasites transmitted by female sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) whose geographic distribution is influenced by environmental factors. Among the main tools for studying the distribution of vector species, modeling techniques are used to analyze the influence of climatic and environmental factors on the distribution of these insects and their association with human cases of the disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we used a multiscale ecological niche modeling approach to assess the environmental suitability of sandfly vectors of the etiological agents of Visceral (VL) and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in Piauí state, northeastern Brazil, and then evaluated their relationship with human disease incidence. For this, we obtained the geographic coordinates of the vector species Lutzomyia longipalpis and Nyssomyia whitmani through literature review, online databases and unpublished records. These data were used for the development of predictive models of the distribution of both sandflies species based on climatic and environmental variables. Finally, the environmental suitability for the presence of these vectors was compared with the incidence of both the diseases at the municipality level. The final models for each sandfly species showed good predictive powers with performance metric values of 0.889 for Lu. longipalpis and 0.776 for Ny. whitmani. The areas with greater environmental suitability for the presence of these species were concentrated in the central-north region of Piauí and coincide with the location of those municipalities presenting higher incidences of VL and ACL, situated in the central-north and extreme north of the state, respectively. The south and southeast regions of Piauí state have low incidence of these diseases and presented low environmental suitability for the presence of both vectors. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We discuss how predictive modeling can guide entomological and epidemiological surveillances and recommend an increased supervision and control activities in Teresina (capital of the state of Piaui), Altos and Pedro II, in addition to other municipalities with similar social and environmental characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais de Araujo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Simone Mousinho Freire
- Laboratório de Zoologia e Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
| | - Cleanto Luiz Maia Silva
- Laboratório de Zoologia e Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
| | - Jacenir Reis Dos Santos Mallet
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Díptera e Hemíptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Escritório Regional Fiocruz-Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
- Laboratório de Vigilância e Biodiversidade em Saúde, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mauricio Luiz Vilela
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Díptera e Hemíptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Régis Gomes
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Fiocruz-Ceará, Eusébio, Ceará, Brasil
| | | | - Constança Britto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Daniela de Pita Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Bruno Moreira de Carvalho
- Climate and Health Program, Earth Sciences Department, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
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Galvis-Martinez CA, Moo-Llanes DA, Altamiranda-Saavedra M. Similarity but not equivalence: Ecological niche comparison between sandflies from the Pleistocene and future scenarios in Central and South America. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 37:111-123. [PMID: 36315035 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) are suspected or proven vectors of Leishmania spp. in the American region. Understanding niche conservatism (NC) in insect vectors allows an understanding of constraints on adaptive responses, and thus implications for disease ecology. Therefore, in this study, the authors evaluated NC in three vector species of leishmaniasis (Lutzomyia gomezi, Psathyromyia shannoni and Pintomyia ovallesi) in Central and South America. For this, the authors performed niche identity and similarity testing through paired comparisons in ENMTools and niche overlap in Niche Analyst. The authors found that species niches were more similar to each other than if the points had been randomly extracted, and they also found extensive similarity between Pa. shannoni and Lu. gomezi niches and in Pa. shannoni niches over different timescales. The authors suggest Pa. shannoni as a priority species due to fundamental niche similarity with phylogenetically related species and also its extensive evolutionary history and ecological plasticity that could affect the emergence and resurgence of leishmaniasis in areas endemic by this vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Galvis-Martinez
- Programa de Biología, Universidad de Pamplona, Grupo de investigación en Ecología y Biogeografía (GIEB), Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - David A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra
- Grupo de Investigación Bioforense, Tecnológico de Antioquia Institución Universitaria, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
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Ursine RL, Rocha MF, Neto FC, Leite ME, Dolabela Falcão L, Gorla DE, de Carvalho SFG, Vieira TM. Influence of anthropic changes and environmental characteristics on the occurrence of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2012 and 2019. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106787. [PMID: 36462530 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This is an ecological study that investigated the influence of environmental, socioeconomic characteristics and changes in land use and cover on the occurrence of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (TL) in the city of Montes Claros. The relationships between the number of cases of TL, which occurred between 2012 and 2019, in each census sector and the standardized covariates (Number of properties, altitude, Brazilian Deprivation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), proportion of sector (PS) deforested, PS that underwent other anthropic alterations and unaltered PS) were evaluated with ecological Bayesian Models. Four multivariate models were constructed, with similar quality of adjustments, but Model 1 was the most parsimonious. Model 1 revealed that for each one-unit increase of standard deviation (SD) in the log of the number of properties, at the altitude and root of the deforested PS, corresponds to an increase of 44%, 34% and 24.5% in the number of cases of TL, respectively. The variable NDVI, included in models 3 and 4, was positively associated with the increase in the number of TL cases, being that for each one-unit increase in the NDVI was verified an increase of 21.3% and 20.2% respectively in the models. This study showed that the spatial distribution of TL cases in the city of Montes Claros occurs in a heterogeneous way and our findings support the hypothesis that socio-environmental characteristics and deforestation influence the occurrence of this disease in the studied area. Thus, these factors must be considered for the development of disease control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Luiz Ursine
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, C.P. 39.100 - 000, Brazil.
| | - Marília Fonseca Rocha
- Department of Mental Health and Health collective, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Esdras Leite
- Department of Geography, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Dolabela Falcão
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Eladio Gorla
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Grupo de Ecologia y Control de Vectores, Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | | | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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Fernández MS, Cueto GR, Manteca-Acosta M, Salomón OD. Nyssomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) Activity From Sunset to Sunrise: A Two-Year Study in a Rural Area in Northeast Argentina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:51-61. [PMID: 36308521 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We model the nocturnal patterns of the main vector of Leishmania braziliensis (Vianna) in the Paranaense region of South America, Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho). Occurrence and abundance variation were analyzed by hourly periods, and in relation to sunrise and sunset to avoid differences in luminosity at fixed times throughout the year. The possible role of climatic and environmental variables on nocturnal activity curves was explored. A rotating light trap was operated biweekly in the peridomestic henhouse of a farm in Puerto Iguazú, from May 2016 to May 2018. Ny. whitmani, is the predominant Phlebotominae species (6,720 specimens captured), and is present throughout the night and seasons. Generalized additive models of nocturnal abundance of Ny. whitmani show a bell shape with an acrophase in the early evening. Models of abundance distribution as a function of total abundance showed significant nonlinear variations, only for the tertile of highest vector abundance, in the curves by hourly periods, and related to dawn, while female abundance relative to total abundance showed an asymptotic increasing curve, suggesting density-dependent events with abundance thresholds. Finally, temperature was the variable that best explained the pattern of abundance distribution of Ny. whitmani during the night, although triggers for scotophase activity due to internal clocks or luminosity could not be ruled out. The relationship of activity and abundance with climatic variables would also explain the nights of extraordinary abundance, and therefore of greater probability of vector-human and vector-reservoir contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Fernández
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo R Cueto
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manteca-Acosta
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios de Investigación en Salud (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, (INMeT), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios de Investigación en Salud, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina (ANLIS) y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Carneiro ACG, de Souza EA, Barroso EP, de Ávila MM, Melchior LAK, Rocha RDC, Shimabukuro PHF, Galati EAB, Brilhante AF. Phlebotomine Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Infection by Leishmania spp. in Forest Fragments of a University Campus, Western Amazon. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:218-223. [PMID: 36305744 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Forest fragments consist of important ecosystems for the maintenance of sand fly populations and Leishmania hosts. This study sought to identify the phlebotomine fauna and its infection by Leishmania spp. in forest fragments on the campus of the Federal University of Acre (UFAC), Western Amazon. Monthly collections with CDC traps were carried out from March 2020 to June 2021, in four forest fragments of UFAC. Male and female insects were processed and identified at species level. A sample of females was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to verify the presence Leishmania DNA. In total, 465 specimens were collected, of which 238 were males and 227 were females. The most frequent species were Nyssomyia antunesi (Coutinho, 1939) (47.3%), Trichophoromyia sp. (Mangabeira, 1942) (18.70%), and Ny. whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) (8.81%). Molecular analysis detected the presence of Leishmania (Ross, 1903) DNA in a specimen of Ny. antunesi, and another one of Evandromyia walker (Newstead, 1914). The forest fragments of the university campus harbor a diverse sand fly fauna with the presence of Leishmania DNA in these insects, in addition to the presence of other species considered incriminated vectors of Leishmania parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Gomes Carneiro
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alcici de Souza
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | - Edmilson Pereira Barroso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Augusto Kohara Melchior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo da Costa Rocha
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | - Paloma Helena Fernandes Shimabukuro
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Brazil
- Coleção de Flebotomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715 - Barro Preto, 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, 01246-904, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia Fernandes Brilhante
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, KM02, Distrito Industrial, 69920-900, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
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11
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Brilhante AF, Zampieri RA, de Souza EA, Carneiro ACG, Barroso EP, de Ávila MM, Melchior LAK, de Souza JL, de Oliveira ES, Pinto MCG, Floeter-Winter LM, Galati EAB. Preliminary observations of the urbanization and domiciliation of the American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Rio Branco, Acre, Western Amazon. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:S0037-86822022000100632. [PMID: 36542015 PMCID: PMC9757714 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0359-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is expanding in peri-urban environments. METHODS An entomological survey was conducted in the area of the occurrence of an autochthonous urban case of ACL. Sandflies and a parasitological slide of the human case were submitted for molecular diagnosis. RESULTS Nyssomyia whitmani and Ny. antunesi were the most frequently collected species. Ny. whitmani and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata were positive for Leishmania guyanensis and L. lainsoni, respectively. The human case tested positive for L. lainsoni. CONCLUSIONS Sandflies and Leishmania parasites present in urban forest may occur frequently in nearby domiciliary environments; thus, these areas must be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Alcici de Souza
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Janis Lunier de Souza
- Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Branco, Divisão de Entomologia e Bloqueio Químico, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
| | | | - Maria Carmelinda Gonçalves Pinto
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental, Núcleo de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil
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12
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D'Agostino ERR, Vivero R, Romero L, Bejarano E, Hurlbert AH, Comeault AA, Matute DR. Phylogenetic climatic niche conservatism in sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) and their relatives. Evolution 2022; 76:2361-2374. [PMID: 35909239 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic niche conservatism is a pattern in which closely related species are more similar than distant relatives in their niche-related traits. Species in the family Psychodidae show notable diversity in climatic niche, and present an opportunity to test for phylogenetic niche conservatism, which is as yet rarely studied in insects. Some species (in the subfamily Phlebotominae) transmit Leishmania parasites, responsible for the disease leishmaniasis, and their geographic range has been systematically characterized. Psychodid genus ranges can be solely tropical, confined to the temperate zones, or span both. We obtained observation site data, and associated climate data, for 234 psychodid species to understand which aspects of climate most closely predict distribution. Temperature and seasonality are strong determinants of species occurrence within the clade. Next, we built a phylogeny of Psychodidae, and found a positive relationship between pairwise genetic distance and climate niche differentiation, which indicates strong niche conservatism. This result is also supported by strong phylogenetic signals of metrics of climate differentiation. Finally, we used ancestral trait reconstruction to infer the tropicality (i.e., proportion of latitudinal range in the tropics minus the proportion of the latitudinal range in temperate areas) of ancestral species, and counted transitions to and from tropicality states. We find that tropical and temperate species produced almost entirely tropical and temperate descendant species, respectively. Taken together, our results imply that climate niches in psychodids are strongly predicted by phylogeny, and represent a formal test of a key prediction of phylogenetic niche conservatism in a clade with implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel R R D'Agostino
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, USA
| | - Rafael Vivero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellin, 050034, Colombia.,Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales-PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, 050010, Colombia
| | - Luis Romero
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, 700001, Colombia
| | - Eduar Bejarano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, 700001, Colombia
| | - Allen H Hurlbert
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, USA.,Environment, Ecology, and Energy Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Aaron A Comeault
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Matute
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, USA
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13
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Senne NA, Vilela TS, Sanavria A, Santos HA, Rabello RS, Angelo IC. Ecology and spatial distribution of sand fly species in low endemic areas for American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 35:371-378. [PMID: 33403720 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the fundamental role that sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) have in Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) transmission, the objective of this study was to evaluate the ecology and spatial distribution of species circulating in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 17 371 specimens were collected between August 2016 and July 2017, and five species were identified: Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912), Migonemyia migonei (França, 1920), Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939), Pintomyia pessoai (Coutinho & Barretto, 1940), and Pintomyia fischeri (Pinto, 1926). In relation to the number of sand flies collected, we observed a significant difference between rural and periurban areas and between the neighbourhoods. We observed that N. intermedia has a relatively greater adaptation to the peridomiciliary environment. This is the first report of Pi. pessoai and Pi. fischeri (only females) in Seropédica as well as the first record of the frequency of phlebotomine species focusing on some ecological indices and the spatial distribution of sand flies. The results presented here aimed to provide an insight into the spatial population dynamics of phlebotomine species in low endemic areas of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) in Seropédica, highlighting important areas for entomological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Senne
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T S Vilela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Sanavria
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H A Santos
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R S Rabello
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - I C Angelo
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Maia-Elkhoury ANS, Magalhães Lima D, Salomón OD, Puppim Buzanovsky L, Saboyá-Díaz MI, Valadas SY, Sanchez-Vazquez MJ. Interaction between environmental and socioeconomic determinants for cutaneous leishmaniasis risk in Latin America. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2021; 45:e83. [PMID: 34220995 PMCID: PMC8238258 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2021.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine and characterize potential risk areas for the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Latin America (LA). METHOD Ecological observational study with observation units defined by municipalities with CL transmission between 2014-2018. Environmental and socioeconomic variables available for at least 85% of the municipalities were used, combined in a single database, utilizing the R software. The principal component analysis methodology was combined with a hierarchical cluster analysis to group clusters of municipalities based on their similarity. The V-test was estimated to define the positive or negative association of the variables with the clusters and separation by natural breaks was used to determine which ones contributed the most to each cluster. Information on cases was also incorporated in the analyses to attribute CL risk for each cluster. RESULTS This study included 4,951 municipalities with CL transmission (36.5% of the total in LA) and seven clusters were defined by their association with 18 environmental and socioeconomic variables. The historical risk of CL is positively associated with the Amazonian, Andean and Savannah clusters in a decreasingly manner; and negatively associated with the Forest evergreen, Forest/crop and Forest/populated clusters. The Agricultural cluster did not reveal any association with the CL cases. CONCLUSIONS The study made it possible to identify and characterize the CL risk by clusters of municipalities and to recognize the epidemiological distribution pattern of transmission, which provides managers with better information for intersectoral interventions to control CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nilce. S. Maia-Elkhoury
- Pan American Health OrganizationRio de JaneiroBrazilPan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Magalhães Lima
- Pan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health OrganizationRio de JaneiroBrazilPan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Tropical Medicine National InstitutePuerto IguazúArgentinaTropical Medicine National Institute, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
| | - Lia Puppim Buzanovsky
- Pan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health OrganizationRio de JaneiroBrazilPan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Martha Idalí Saboyá-Díaz
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of the AmericasPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of the Americas.
| | - Samantha Y.O.B. Valadas
- Pan American Health OrganizationRio de JaneiroBrazilPan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Manuel J. Sanchez-Vazquez
- Pan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health OrganizationRio de JaneiroBrazilPan American Foot and Mouth Disease Center, Pan American Health Organization, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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15
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Marcolino LMC, Pereira AHC, Pinto JG, Mamone LA, Strixino JF. CELLULAR AND METABOLIC CHANGES AFTER PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN LEISHMANIA PROMASTIGOTES. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102403. [PMID: 34161856 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease, regarded by WHO as a public health problem that has presented a significant increase in the recent years. Conventional treatment is toxic and leads to serious side effects. Photodynamic therapy has been studied as a treatment to cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability, morphological changes, type of cell death, production of reactive oxygen species, and changes in the mitochondrial membrane and DNA fragmentation in Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania major promastigotes. Confocal microscopy was used to quantify the fluorescence emitted by JC-1, Annexin V, and propidium iodide reagents. The trypan blue exclusion test was used to evaluate the viability of the cells, the mitochondrial activity was verified with MTT, and the morphological changes were analyzed for SEM and DNA damage using the comet assay. PDT using curcumin at 500, 125, and 31,25 μg/mL decreased the viability of the parasites and induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential. The production of reactive oxygen species was dose-dependent and was observed only in the groups submitted to PDT. DNA damage was also observed in the parasite cells. The morphology of the cells was affected mainly at the highest curcumin concentration, resulting in rounded cells with a shortened flagellum. When the type of cell death was analyzed, the prevalence of apoptosis was noted. The results support the use of curcumin as photosensitizer in PDT against Leishmania promastigotes in the treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Maria Cortez Marcolino
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, S.P, Brazil.
| | - André Henrique Correia Pereira
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, S.P, Brazil
| | - Juliana Guerra Pinto
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, S.P, Brazil
| | - Leandro Ariel Mamone
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias (CIPYP), CONICET and Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Córdoba 2351 1er subsuelo, Ciudad de Buenos Aires CP1120AAF, Argentina
| | - Juliana Ferreira Strixino
- Photobiology Applied to Health - Universidade do Vale do Paraíba. Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, S.P, Brazil.
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16
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Maia-Elkhoury ANS, Magalhães Lima D, Salomón OD, Buzanovsky LP, Saboyá-Díaz MI, Valadas SY, Sanchez-Vazquez MJ. [Interaction among environmental and socioeconomic determinants of risk for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Latin AmericaInteração entre os determinantes ambientais e socioeconômicos para o risco de leishmaniose cutânea na América Latina]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2021; 45:e49. [PMID: 33936185 PMCID: PMC8080946 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2021.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine and characterize areas at potential risk for the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Latin America. METHOD Ecological observational study with observation units defined by municipalities with CL transmission during 2014-2018. Environmental and socioeconomic variables available for at least 85% of municipalities were combined in a single database, using R software. Principal component analysis was combined with hierarchical cluster analysis for the formation of clusters of municipalities according to their similarity. The V-test was used to define positive or negative association of variables with clusters and separation by natural divisions to determine which contributed more to each cluster. Cases were included to attribute CL risk for each cluster. RESULTS The study included 4 951 municipalities with CL transmission (36.5% of municipalities in Latin America); seven clusters were defined by their association with 18 environmental and socioeconomic variables. Historical risk of CL is associated positively and in descending order with the Amazonian, Andean, and Savanna clusters; and negatively with the Forest/perennial, Forest/cultivated, and Forest/populated clusters. The Agricultural cluster showed no association with CL cases. CONCLUSIONS The study made it possible to identify and characterize CL risk by clusters of municipalities and to understand the characteristic epidemiological distribution patterns of transmission, providing program managers with better information for intersectoral interventions to control CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nilce S. Maia-Elkhoury
- Organización Panamericana de la SaludRío de JaneiroBrasilOrganización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Daniel Magalhães Lima
- Centro Panamericano de Fiebre AftosaOrganización Panamericana de la SaludRío de JaneiroBrasilCentro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina TropicalPuerto IguazúArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
| | - Lia Puppim Buzanovsky
- Centro Panamericano de Fiebre AftosaOrganización Panamericana de la SaludRío de JaneiroBrasilCentro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Martha Idalí Saboyá-Díaz
- Organización Panamericana de la SaludWashington, D.C.Estados Unidos de AméricaOrganización Panamericana de la Salud, Washington, D.C., Estados Unidos de América.
| | - Samantha Y.O.B. Valadas
- Organización Panamericana de la SaludRío de JaneiroBrasilOrganización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
| | - Manuel J. Sanchez-Vazquez
- Centro Panamericano de Fiebre AftosaOrganización Panamericana de la SaludRío de JaneiroBrasilCentro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.
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17
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Fonseca EDS, Guimarães RB, Prestes-Carneiro LE, Tolezano JE, Rodgers MDSM, Avery RH, Malone JB. Predicted distribution of sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) species involved in the transmission of Leishmaniasis in São Paulo state, Brazil, utilizing maximum entropy ecological niche modeling. Pathog Glob Health 2021; 115:108-120. [PMID: 33427124 PMCID: PMC8550198 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1870031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a public health problem worldwide. We aimed to predict ecological niche models (ENMs) for visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) leishmaniasis and the sand flies involved in the transmission of leishmaniasis in São Paulo, Brazil. Phlebotomine sand flies were collected between 1985 and 2015. ENMs were created for each sand fly species using Maximum Entropy Species Distribution Modeling software, and 20 climatic variables were determined. Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912), the primary vectors involved in CL and VL, displayed the highest suitability across the various regions, climates, and topographies. L. longipalpis was found in the border of Paraná an area currently free of VL. The variables with the greatest impact were temperature seasonality, precipitation, and altitude. Co-presence of multiple sand fly species was observed in the cuestas and coastal areas along the border of Paraná and in the western basalt areas along the border of Mato Grosso do Sul. Human CL and VL were found in 475 of 546 (86.7%) and 106 of 645 (16.4%) of municipalities, respectively. Niche overlap between N. intermedia and L. longipalpis was found with 9208 human cases of CL and 2952 cases of VL. ENMs demonstrated that each phlebotomine sand fly species has a unique geographic distribution pattern, and the occurrence of the primary vectors of CL and VL overlapped. These data can be used by public authorities to monitor the dispersion and expansion of CL and VL vectors in São Paulo state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raul Borges Guimarães
- Geography Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Paulista State University Julio De Mesquita Filho, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Tolezano
- Center for Parasitology and Mycology, Systemic Parasitic Nucleus, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ryan Harry Avery
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - John B. Malone
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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18
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Fernández MS, Manteca-Acosta M, Cueto GR, Cavia R, Salomón OD. Variation of the Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Assemblage in Response to Land Use Changes in an Endemic Area of Leishmania Transmission in Northeast Argentina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1735-1747. [PMID: 32463079 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniases are a global health problem and in Argentina are considered emerging diseases. The new transmission scenarios of tegumentary leishmaniasis are especially important given that large areas of forest are being transformed into rural and urban systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the construction of a large public building and a neighborhood on the assemblage of Phlebotominae in a rural area with forest remnants and to correlate the changes observed in the species assemblage with characteristics of the environment. Entomological surveys with light traps were conducted on the construction campus in the northeastern region of Argentina at six sites representing different environmental situations. Structural environmental characteristics and meteorological conditions were recorded and analyzed. At least 16 species of Phlebotominae sand flies were collected, the most prevalent being Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho), followed by the genus Brumptomyia (França & Parrot) and Migonemyia migonei (França). Our study provides evidence of how the structure of the assemblages and prevalent species respond to anthropogenic disturbances. As the construction progressed, both Ny. whitmani and the genus Brumptomyia were favored. The genus Brumptomyia was favored at sites surrounded by high proportions of forest, within patches of remnant vegetation, and relatively far from anthropogenic disturbances, while Ny. whitmani, the main vector of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the region, increases their abundant at short and intermediate distances from vegetation margins and areas close to anthropogenic disturbances, therefore increasing the risk of human exposure to vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Fernández
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manteca-Acosta
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Ministerio de Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo R Cueto
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Regino Cavia
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Ministerio de Salud, y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú , Argentina
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19
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Moo-Llanes DA, Pech-May A, de Oca-Aguilar ACM, Salomón OD, Ramsey JM. Niche divergence and paleo-distributions of Lutzomyia longipalpis mitochondrial haplogroups (Diptera: Psychodidae). Acta Trop 2020; 211:105607. [PMID: 32598924 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lutzomyia longipalpis is a complex of species which has a wide but discontinuous distribution from southeastern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. To date, eight mitochondrial haplogroups have been identified along its distribution although key environmental tolerances and ecological niche models have been analyzed only at the complex level. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether genetic diversification using three mitochondrial genes of the Lu. longipalpis complex is associated with niche divergence and to explore evolution of distributional projections of all haplogroups between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21,000 yrs ago) and the present. Current occurrence of all haplogroups was used to develop ecological niche models (ENM) and these were projected in both periods to quantify and identify geographic area shifts. Environmental space was used to estimate niche similarity between major clades and pairwise between individual haplogroups. The two major Lu. longipalpis clades (Mex, CA, Col and Ven vs Arg and Bra) had significantly different environmental space, indicating niche divergence. Environmental space overlap of southern haplogroups was variable, with divergent niche, except between Arg and ArgBra. The most suitable regions for the ArgBra haplogroup were northeastern and southeastern Brazil, and the Gran Chaco region. In contrast, ENM of haplogroups within the northern major clade have significantly similar niche, with highest geographic ENM suitability along both the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. The intensity and coverage of high suitability areas in the LGM decreased for most haplogroups in the present. Integrating ENM and phylogenetic analyses has allowed us to test hypotheses of niche similarity between Lu. longipalpis haplogroups and major clades, and to identify conserved distributional areas of haplogroups since the LGM, with the exception of Arg. Evidence for distributional shifts and overlap of haplogroups is important to analyze Leishmaniasis´ eco-epidemiology and to successfully monitor and control transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Angélica Pech-May
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México.; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | | | - Oscar D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, CONICET, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Janine M Ramsey
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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20
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Aghaei Afshar A, Hojjat F, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Rassi Y, Akhavan AA, Gorouhi MA, Yousefi S, Hanafi-Bojd AA. Modelling and evaluating the risk of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in selected areas of Kerman Province, south of Iran. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1271-1283. [PMID: 31883433 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a public health problem in the world, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical countries. This study aimed to determine the hotspots of CL in Kerman Province of Iran and model their potential for the establishment of new disease foci. All documents related to studies conducted in Kerman Province on CL published between 1978 and 2017 were retrieved and categorized. Spatial distributions of the vector, reservoir and human infection of CL were mapped. MaxEnt ecological model was used to predict the environmental suitability of the vector and reservoir(s) of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL). The most hazardous sites with the potential for the establishment of new disease foci were determined for field operations. Statistics of new cases of CL was obtained from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) of the ministry of health for the period 2011-2016. A total of 6,056 cases of CL were recorded, while we found a decreasing pattern in the incidence of CL from 46.48 per 100,000 inhabitants to 22.97. The best ecological niches for Phlebotomus papatasi are located in the central, western, northwest and southwest regions of the province. Also, environmental suitability for the reservoirs was highest in the central, southern and southwestern regions. The model predicted the gerbils can be present in some foci of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). However, this result should be confirmed through a precise field study, and if validated, plans should be made to prevent the emergence of new foci of ZCL in the risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Aghaei Afshar
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Hojjat
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yavar Rassi
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Gorouhi
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saideh Yousefi
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vecotr Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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de Santana Martins Rodgers M, Bavia ME, Fonseca EOL, Cova BO, Silva MMN, Carneiro DDMT, Cardim LL, Malone JB. Ecological niche models for sand fly species and predicted distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) and visceral leishmaniasis in Bahia state, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:331. [PMID: 31254126 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is a public health problem in Brazil. This disease is endemic in most of Bahia state, with increasing reports of cases in new areas. Ecological niche models (ENM) can be used as a tool for predicting potential distribution for disease, vectors, and to identify risk factors associated with their distribution. In this study, ecological niche models (ENMs) were developed for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases and 12 sand fly species captured in Bahia state. Sand fly data was collected monthly by CDC light traps from July 2009 to December 2012. MODIS satellite imagery was used to calculate NDVI, NDMI, and NDWI vegetation indices, MODIS day and night land surface temperature (LST), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and 19 Bioclim variables were used to develop the ENM using the maximum entropy approach (Maxent). Mean diurnal range was the variable that most contributed to all the models for sand flies, followed by precipitation in wettest month. For Lutzomyia longipalpis (L. longipalpis), annual precipitation, precipitation in wettest quarter, precipitation in wettest month, and NDVI were the most contributing variables. For the VL model, the variables that contributed most were precipitation in wettest month, annual precipitation, LST day, and temperature seasonality. L. longipalpis was the species with the widest potential distribution in the state. The identification of risk areas and factors associated with this distribution is fundamental to prioritize resource allocation and to improve the efficacy of the state's program for surveillance and control of VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moara de Santana Martins Rodgers
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Maria Emilia Bavia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Oyama Lins Fonseca
- Department of Entomology Surveillance, Laboratorio Central de Saúde Pública da Bahia (LACEN/BA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira Cova
- Department of Entomology Surveillance, Laboratorio Central de Saúde Pública da Bahia (LACEN/BA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - John B Malone
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
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