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Zenebe M, Haukanes H, Blystad A. Between 'block course relationships ' and abstinence: cultures of sexuality among students at Addis Ababa University. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38315578 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2024.2307435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by African and other feminist scholarship on gender, sexuality and agency, this article studies narrations of norms and practices in sexual relationships between university students. A main aim of the article is to move beyond the problem focus in earlier scholarship on women, sexuality and reproduction, and to identify potential spaces of freedom and expansion of female agency. The article is based on qualitative research conducted with students at Addis Ababa University. The findings a vivid space for male-female relationships. Study participants report being sexually engaged as "the new normal" and claim that many female students are active both in seeking relationships and in discontinuing them. These ideas and practices indicate increasing female agency and emerge in stark contrast to dominant social norms for sexual conduct, which demand chastity before marriage, particularly for women. Students are conscious of this discrepancy and bring it up in their narratives. Findings also show that some students prefer to stay abstinent and make an effort to avoid sexual relations. We argue that expressions of female agency are evident not only in norm-transgressive sexual conduct, but also in norm-conforming strategies of sexual abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulumebet Zenebe
- Center for Gender Studies, College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Haldis Haukanes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Astrid Blystad
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Adofo E, Dun-Dery EJ, Kotoh AM, Dun-Dery F, Avoka JA, Ashinyo ME. Fear of infertility limits contraceptive usage among first-time mothers in Ghana: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211021256. [PMID: 34158936 PMCID: PMC8182170 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211021256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine postpartum modern contraceptive use among first-time young mothers attending child welfare clinics in the Eastern Region of Ghana and explore factors that influence family planning uptake after the first delivery, including fear of infertility. METHODS This facility-based, cross-sectional study used interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The study recruited 422 first-time young mothers aged 15-24 years, with 6- to 18-month-old babies attending child welfare clinics. RESULTS Overall, less than half (44%) of first-time mothers used modern contraceptives within 18 months after delivery. Fear of infertility after contraceptive use (56%) is the main barrier reported as the reason for women's non-use of modern contraceptives. Mothers with tertiary education have higher odds of using postpartum contraceptives (adjusted odds ratio =1.6, 95% confidence interval: 0.4-2.0). Compared to mothers with younger children, those with children older than 6 months have higher odds of postpartum contraceptive use (adjusted odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.3-1.7). Nonspousal communication (adjusted odds ratio = 0.1, 95% confidence interval: 0.1-0.3) as compared to communication among partners about contraception and those in formal employment (adjusted odds ratio = 0.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.1-0.7), were less likely to use postpartum contraceptives. CONCLUSION Considering that there is low postpartum contraceptive utilization, mostly due to concerns about fear of infertility after use, it is paramount to intensify education on actual side effects and reformulate policies that address specific concerns of infertility among mothers and contraceptive use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvis J Dun-Dery
- Department of Population, Family and
Reproduction Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University
of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Population and Health
Research, Research Web Africa, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Agnes M Kotoh
- Department of Population, Family and
Reproduction Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University
of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Frederick Dun-Dery
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health,
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ahirwar RK, Kumar S, Gupta S, Niranjan A, Prajapati K, Rawal S. A study to assess the socio-demographic factor and knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning methods in Lohpeeta migrants tribe located in Shivpuri central India. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:1308-1312. [PMID: 34041170 PMCID: PMC8140282 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2075_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though India was the first country in the whole world to introduce the national family planning policy, the acceptance rate of contraceptive methods has been unsatisfactory to date. Many women in their fertility period, who were ready to control their fertility and limit the number of unwanted children, were not aware of different methods of contraceptives available and their proper use and other benefits. Aim and Objective 1. To assess the socio-demographic status of the study participants. 2. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraceptive methods in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri, central India. Methods The present study was an observational cross-sectional survey conducted from 1st December 2019 to 28th February 2020 in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri local; nonrandom convenience sampling method was used after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so the total sample size was 209. Data were collected by a principal investigator with a predesigned, pretested, questionnaire by conducting face-to-face interview with the participants. Firstly, the data was administered in an excel sheet then it was analyzed and presented in the form of percentage, and a Chi-square test was applied to assess the level of significance. Result The most common age group of participants was 18-30 year (37.3%) and most were married (97.6%); we found that the knowledge and attitude toward contraceptives of participants was very poor, most 185 (88.5%) of the participants had never used any contraceptive method and only a few participants were using it occasionally, and none of the participants were using any contraceptive methods regularly. Conclusion The knowledge, attitude, and compliance towards contraceptives were poor in this group, we need to focus on this type of migrant population to increase their awareness and change their attitude towards contraceptives, so that they can use it without any fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Ahirwar
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhanshu Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Niranjan
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kshatrapal Prajapati
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shailendra Rawal
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Fikre R, Amare B, Tamiso A, Alemayehu A. Determinant of emergency contraceptive practice among female university students in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Contracept Reprod Med 2020; 5:18. [PMID: 33029382 PMCID: PMC7534172 DOI: 10.1186/s40834-020-00123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite Ethiopia’s government’s commitment to alleviating unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion by increasing holistic reproductive health service accessibility, the rate of unwanted pregnancy among female students in the universities is distressing and becoming a multisectoral concern. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence and determinant of emergency contraceptive practice among female university students in Ethiopia. Result The overall pooled prevalence of emergency contraceptive practice among female university students in Ethiopia was 34.5% [95% CI [20.8, 48.2%]. The pooled odds ratio showed that positive association between practice of emergency contraceptives with age of the students [OR, 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.98, P = 0.05] Previous contraceptive methods use [OR, 0.22; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.40, P = 0.0001], Marital status [OR, 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.40, P < 0.002] and knowledge [OR, 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.37, P < 0.0003]. Conclusion The practice of emergency contraceptives among university female students was 34.5% and explained by knowledge, age, previous use of contraceptive methods and marital status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekiku Fikre
- Department of Midwifery, Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Belay Amare
- Department of Midwifery, Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Tamiso
- Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of public health, P.O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Akalewold Alemayehu
- Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of public health, P.O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Gothwal M, Tak A, Aggarwal L, Rathore AS, Singh P, Yadav G, Sharma C. A study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraception among nursing staff in All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:706-710. [PMID: 32318406 PMCID: PMC7114072 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1012_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Despite the increase in contraceptive usage over the years, there still exists a gap in the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding contraception. The study has been designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and preferences on contraceptive methods among the nursing staff, to determine the association between knowledge and attitude on contraceptive methods with the variables. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 173 nursing staff using a structured questionnaire on knowledge, attitude scale, and practice and preference were done at AIIMS, Jodhpur during June 2018 to August 2019. Results: It was observed that 82.6% were of 21–30 years of age, 86.7% were Hindus, 67% were from the nuclear family, 41% were married between 19 and 25 years, 86.7% were nulliparous, 75.7% had access to various contraceptives through health workers, 79.8% got information through media. 73.4% were willing to use postpartum contraception. In our study, a major reason for 80.9% to use family planning was to prevent unintended pregnancies. Majority 71% had the favorable attitude and 14.4% had an unfavorable attitude toward contraceptive methods. In this study, 64.1% preferred male condom as Rank 1, intrauterine device 57.8% as Rank 2, and Lactational Amenorrhea Method 58.3% as Rank 3 for postpartum contraception. There was an association between the practice of family planning and marital status, age, and family size. Conclusions: The study showed that the majority of the females nursing staff had moderate knowledge and favorable attitude toward contraception use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Gothwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Apoorva Tak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lovey Aggarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajey Singh Rathore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pratibha Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Garima Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Knowledge of and Utilization of Emergency Contraceptive and Its Associated Factors among Women Seeking Induced Abortion in Public Hospitals, Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017: A Cross-Sectional Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7209274. [PMID: 31828125 PMCID: PMC6886317 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7209274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background In developing countries, most maternal deaths are related to the lack of accessibility and availability of reproductive health services. In those nations, emergency contraceptive pills are the most commonly used family planning methods to prevent unintended pregnancy. However, women do not use this family planning method for different reasons. Consequently, women expose to unsafe abortion which results in maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective To assess the knowledge of and utilization of emergency contraceptive and its associated factors among women seeking induced abortion in public hospitals, Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 women, who came for safe termination of pregnancy from April to July 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data through interview. Data were entered using Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Data were presented using descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to see if there was significant association between variables at P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval (CI). Result Out of the total 369 respondents, 149 (40.4%) had the knowledge about emergency contraceptive pills. The magnitude of utilization of emergency contraceptive among respondents was found to be 45 (12.2%). Protestant in religion (AOR = 60.85, CI (5.34–693.29)), previous utilization of any contraceptive method (AOR = 0.13, CI (0.05–0.36)), and women who were not knowledgeable about emergency contraceptive (AOR = 0.030, CI (0.006–0.14)) were significantly associated with the utilization of emergency contraceptive. Conclusion Most of the women were not knowledgeable about emergency contraceptive and utilization of emergency contraceptive was also very low. In conclusion, religion, knowledge, and previous utilization of emergency contraceptive were associated with the utilization of emergency contraceptive.
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Kara WSK, Benedicto M, Mao J. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Contraception Methods Among Female Undergraduates in Dodoma, Tanzania. Cureus 2019; 11:e4362. [PMID: 31192067 PMCID: PMC6550495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Contraception is regarded as an important preventive measure of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), among youths. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraception among female undergraduates in Dodoma, Tanzania. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 female undergraduates of St John’s University, Dodoma. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Statistical analysis was done using Epi-Info version 7.2.2.6 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean (±SD) age of participants was 27.4 (± 5.7). The majority (96%) of the participants were aware of contraception. Awareness of contraception was significantly associated with the age (p<0.0001), marital status (p<0.00001), and religion of the participating students (p=0.02). Slightly less than half (47.4%) of the students reported having ever used at least one type of contraception while feeling embarrassed to buy or ask for contraception (64.6%) and differing religious beliefs (32.3%) were among the reasons reported by students for not using contraception. Conclusion Despite the relatively low utilization of contraception, the majority of the participants had knowledge of contraception. This calls for efforts to advocate the effective utilization of reproductive and sexual health services among youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheeda Shokat K Kara
- Nursing Psychiatry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
| | | | - Jing Mao
- Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, CHN
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