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Cerrato C, Crocerossa F, Marchioni M, Giannarini G, Gupta S, Albiges L, Brouwer O, Albersen M, Fankhauser C, Grimm MO, Gandaglia G, Roupret M, Mir MC. Effect of Sex on the Oncological Outcomes in Response to Immunotherapy and Antibody-drug Conjugates in Patients with Urothelial and Kidney Cancer: A Systematic Review and a Network Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Oncol 2024; 7:1005-1014. [PMID: 38644155 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) herald a transformative era in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) treatment, amid acknowledged sex-based disparities in these cancers. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to identify sex-specific differences in the efficacy of ICI/ADC monotherapy or combination therapies for RCC and TCC survival, in metastatic and adjuvant settings. METHODS A systematic search was conducted up to October 2023 for English articles on ICIs and ADCs as systemic therapies (ICIs in first-line and adjuvant treatment for RCC, ICIs and ADCs in first- and second-line treatment for TCC). Randomised clinical trials were considered. The primary objective was overall survival (OS) of ICIs and ADCs between males and females. The secondary outcomes included progression-free survival, overall response rate, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by sex via odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals compared with controls. Log ORs were used for creating a frequentist NMA. This meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023468632). KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Females had an advantage for RCC-adjuvant treatment for atezolizumab (log OR [SE] = -0.57 ± 0.25, p = 0.024) in OS. Males showed a survival advantage in TCC second-line treatment for ADC-Nectin 4 (log OR [SE] = 0.65 ± 0.28, p = 0.02). No other significant results were shown. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The NMA revealed gender-specific variations in ICI and ADC responses for RCC and TCC, offering insights for personalised cancer care and addressing disparities in cancer care and outcomes. PATIENT SUMMARY In this systematic review, we looked at the sex differences for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) for antibody-drug conjugates and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In our analysis, female and male sex has better overall survival for adjuvant and second-line therapies for RCC and TCC, respectively. Urgent research on gender-specific cancer therapies is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Cerrato
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Fabio Crocerossa
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Giannarini
- Urology Unit, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Shilpa Gupta
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Oscar Brouwer
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland; University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Morgan Roupret
- GRC 5 Predictive Onco-Uro, Department of Urology, AP-HP, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Maria Carmen Mir
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario La Ribera, Valencia, Spain.
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Zhao L, Jin S, Wang S, Zhang Z, Wang X, Chen Z, Wang X, Huang S, Zhang D, Wu H. Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:225. [PMID: 39198425 PMCID: PMC11358547 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are defined as lymphoid aggregates formed in non-hematopoietic organs under pathological conditions. Similar to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), the formation of TLSs relies on the interaction between lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells, involving multiple cytokines. Heterogeneity is a distinguishing feature of TLSs, which may lead to differences in their functions. Growing evidence suggests that TLSs are associated with various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, chronic inflammation, infection, and even ageing. However, the detailed mechanisms behind these clinical associations are not yet fully understood. The mechanisms by which TLS maturation and localization affect immune function are also unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the understanding of TLS development and function at the cellular and molecular level, which may allow us to utilize them to improve the immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the composition, formation mechanism, associations with diseases, and potential therapeutic applications of TLSs. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of TLSs, such as their role as markers of therapeutic response and prognosis. Finally, we summarize various methods for detecting and targeting TLSs. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of TLSs and aim to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Yang J, Xiong X, Zheng W, Xu H, Liao X, Wei Q, Yang L. The roles of tertiary lymphoid structures in genitourinary cancers: molecular mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical applications. Int J Surg 2024; 110:5007-5021. [PMID: 38978471 PMCID: PMC11325987 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) associated with distinct treatment efficacy and clinical prognosis has been identified in various cancer types. However, the mechanistic roles and clinical implications of TLSs in genitourinary (GU) cancers remain incompletely explored. Despite their potential role as predictive markers described in numerous studies, it is essential to comprehensively evaluate the characteristics of TLSs, including drivers of formation, structural foundation, cellular compositions, maturation stages, molecular features, and specific functionality to maximize their positive impacts on tumor-specific immunity. The unique contributions of these structures to cancer progression and biology have fueled interest in these structures as mediators of antitumor immunity. Emerging data are trying to explore the effects of therapeutic interventions targeting TLSs. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity of TLSs may facilitate the development of TLSs-targeting therapeutic strategies to obtain optimal clinical benefits for GU cancers in the setting of immunotherapy. In this review, the authors focus on the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of TLSs in cancer progression, current therapeutic interventions targeting TLSs and the clinical implications and therapeutic potential of TLSs in GU cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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Woolbright BL, Xuan H, Ahmed I, Rajendran G, Abbott E, Dennis K, Zhong C, Umar S, Taylor JA. Aging induces changes in cancer formation and microbial content in a murine model of bladder cancer. GeroScience 2024; 46:3361-3375. [PMID: 38270807 PMCID: PMC11009212 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) incidence is tightly linked to aging. Older patients with BCa present with higher grade tumors and have worse outcomes on Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. Aging is also known to result in changes in the gut microbiome over mammalian lifespan, with recent studies linking alterations in the gut microbiome to changes in tumor immunity. There is limited information on the microbiome in BCa models though, despite known links to aging and immunotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how aging impacts tumor formation, inflammation, and the microbiome of mice given the model BCa carcinogen N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN). We hypothesized old animals would have larger, more inflamed tumors and a shift in their fecal microbiome compared to their younger counterparts. Young (~8-week-old) or old (~78-week-old) C57Bl/6J animals were administered 0.05% BBN in drinking water for 16 weeks and then euthanized or allowed to progress for an additional 4 weeks. After 16 weeks of BBN, old mice had higher bladder to body weight ratio than young mice, and also muscle invasive tumors, which were not seen in their young counterparts. Old animals also had increased innate immune recruitment, but CD4+/CD8+ T cell recruitment did not appear different. BBN dramatically altered the microbiome in both sets of animals as measured by ß-diversity, including changes in multiple genera of bacteria. These data suggest old mice have a differential response to BBN-induced BCa. Given the median age of patients with BCa, understanding how the aged phenotype interacts with BCa is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Hao Xuan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Ishfaq Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ganeshkumar Rajendran
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Erika Abbott
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Katie Dennis
- Department of Pathology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Cuncong Zhong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Xie W, Lu J, Chen Y, Wang X, Lu H, Li Q, Jin N, He J, Ou L, Ni J, Shen Y, Shao L. TCL1A-expressing B cells are critical for tertiary lymphoid structure formation and the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:477. [PMID: 38764038 PMCID: PMC11103841 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Traditional treatments have limited effectiveness. Regulation of the immune response represents a promising new approach for OSCC treatment. B cells are among the most abundant immune cells in OSCC. However, the role of B cells in OSCC treatment has not been fully elucidated. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of 13 tissues and 8 adjacent normal tissues from OSCC patients was performed to explore differences in B-cell gene expression between OSCC tissues and normal tissues. We further investigated the relationship between differentially expressed genes and the immune response to OSCC. We utilized tissue microarray data for 146 OSCC clinical samples and RNA sequencing data of 359 OSCC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate the role of T-cell leukemia 1 A (TCL1A) in OSCC prognosis. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was employed to investigate the spatial distribution of TCL1A in OSCC tissues. We then investigated the effect of TCL1A on B-cell proliferation and trogocytosis. Finally, lentiviral transduction was performed to induce TCL1A overexpression in B lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCLs) to verify the function of TCL1A. RESULTS Our findings revealed that TCL1A was predominantly expressed in B cells and was associated with a better prognosis in OSCC patients. Additionally, we found that TCL1A-expressing B cells are located at the periphery of lymphatic follicles and are associated with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) formation in OSCC. Mechanistically, upregulation of TCL1A promoted the trogocytosis of B cells on dendritic cells by mediating the upregulation of CR2, thereby improving antigen-presenting ability. Moreover, the upregulation of TCL1A expression promoted the proliferation of B cells. CONCLUSION This study revealed the role of B-cell TCL1A expression in TLS formation and its effect on OSCC prognosis. These findings highlight TCL1A as a novel target for OSCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Xie
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China
| | - Jinjin Lu
- Department of Periodontics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yichen Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China
| | - Huanzi Lu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, PR China
| | - Qunxing Li
- Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Nianqiang Jin
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China
| | - Jiankang He
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China
| | - Lingling Ou
- Department of Periodontics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jia Ni
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, PR China.
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Zhao J, Luo X, Yang C, Yang X, Deng M, Sun B, Zhu J, Dong Z, Wang Y, Li J, Yang X, Li B, Wang X, Zheng J. Chemokine receptor 7 contributes to T- and B-cell filtering in ageing bladder, cystitis and bladder cancer. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:33. [PMID: 38762550 PMCID: PMC11102276 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has suggested significant correlations among ageing, immune microenvironment, inflammation and tumours. However, the relationships among ageing, immune microenvironment, cystitis and bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) in the bladder have rarely been reported. METHODS Bladder single-cell and transcriptomic data from young and old mice were used for immune landscape analysis. Transcriptome, single-cell and The Cancer Genome Atlas Program datasets of BLCA and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) were used to analyse immune cell infiltration and molecular expression. Bladder tissues from mice, IC/BPS and BLCA were collected to validate the results. RESULTS Eight types of immune cells (macrophages, B-cells, dendritic cells, T-cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, γδ T-cells and ILC2) were identified in the bladder of mice. Aged mice bladder tissues had a significantly higher number of T-cells, γδ T-cells, ILC2 and B-cells than those in the young group (P < 0.05). Three types of T-cells (NK T-cells, γδ T-cells and naïve T-cells) and three types of B-cells (follicular B-cells, plasma and memory B-cells) were identified in aged mice bladder. Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) is highly expressed in aged bladder, IC/BPS and BLCA (P < 0.05). CCR7 is likely to be involved in T- and B-cell infiltration in aged bladder, IC/BPS and BLCA. Interestingly, the high CCR7 expression on BLCA cell membranes was a prognostic protective factor. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we characterised the expression profiles of immune cells in bladder tissues of aged and young mice and demonstrated that CCR7-mediated T- and B-cell filtration contributes to the development of bladder ageing, IC/BPS and BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, PR China.
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chengfei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Bishao Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jingzhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Zongming Dong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yangcai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xingliang Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Benyi Li
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, PR China.
| | - Ji Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Toren P, Wilkins A, Patel K, Burley A, Gris T, Kockelbergh R, Lodhi T, Choudhury A, Bryan RT. The sex gap in bladder cancer survival - a missing link in bladder cancer care? Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:181-192. [PMID: 37604983 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The differences in bladder cancer outcomes between the sexes has again been highlighted. Uncommon among cancers, bladder cancer outcomes are notably worse for women than for men. Furthermore, bladder cancer is three to four times more common among men than among women. Factors that might explain these sex differences include understanding the importance of haematuria as a symptom of bladder cancer by both clinicians and patients, the resultant delays in diagnosis and referral of women with haematuria, and health-care access. Notably, these factors seem to have geographical variation and are not consistent across all health-care systems. Likewise, data relating to sex-specific treatment responses for patients with non-muscle-invasive or muscle-invasive bladder cancer are inconsistent. The influence of differences in the microbiome, bladder wall thickness and urine dwell times remain to be elucidated. The interplay of hormone signalling, gene expression, immunology and the tumour microenvironment remains complex but probably underpins the sexual dimorphism in disease incidence and stage and histology at presentation. The contribution of these biological phenomena to sex-specific outcome differences is probable, albeit potentially treatment-specific, and further understanding is required. Notwithstanding these aspects, we identify opportunities to harness biological differences to improve treatment outcomes, as well as areas of fundamental and translational research to pursue. At the level of policy and health-care delivery, improvements can be made across the domains of patient awareness, clinician education, referral pathways and guideline-based care. Together, we aim to highlight opportunities to close the sex gap in bladder cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Toren
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna Wilkins
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Keval Patel
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amy Burley
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Typhaine Gris
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roger Kockelbergh
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Action Bladder Cancer UK, Tetbury, UK
| | - Taha Lodhi
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ananya Choudhury
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard T Bryan
- Action Bladder Cancer UK, Tetbury, UK.
- Bladder Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Sundi D, Collier KA, Yang Y, Diaz DA, Pohar KS, Singer EA, Gupta S, Carson WE, Clinton SK, Li Z, Messing EM. Roles of Androgen Receptor Signaling in Urothelial Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:746. [PMID: 38398136 PMCID: PMC10886823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical data suggest that androgen receptor signaling strongly contributes to bladder cancer development. The roles of the androgen receptor in bladder carcinogenesis have obvious implications for understanding the strong male sex bias in this disease and for potential therapeutic strategies as well. In this review, we summarize what is known about androgen receptor signaling in urothelial carcinoma as well as in tumor-infiltrating immune cells, reviewing preclinical and clinical data. We also highlight clinical trial efforts in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Sundi
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katharine A. Collier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanquan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dayssy Alexandra Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kamal S. Pohar
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA (E.A.S.)
| | - Eric A. Singer
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA (E.A.S.)
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - William E. Carson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Edward M. Messing
- Departments of Urology, Oncology, and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Joshi CS, Salazar AM, Wang C, Ligon MM, Chappidi RR, Fashemi BE, Felder PA, Mora A, Grimm SL, Coarfa C, Mysorekar IU. D-Mannose reduces cellular senescence and NLRP3/GasderminD/IL-1β-driven pyroptotic uroepithelial cell shedding in the murine bladder. Dev Cell 2024; 59:33-47.e5. [PMID: 38101412 PMCID: PMC10872954 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for disease via increased susceptibility to infection, decreased ability to maintain homeostasis, inefficiency in combating stress, and decreased regenerative capacity. Multiple diseases, including urinary tract infection (UTI), are more prevalent with age; however, the mechanisms underlying the impact of aging on the urinary tract mucosa and the correlation between aging and disease remain poorly understood. Here, we show that, relative to young (8-12 weeks) mice, the urothelium of aged (18-24 months) female mice accumulates large lysosomes with reduced acid phosphatase activity and decreased overall autophagic flux in the aged urothelium, indicative of compromised cellular homeostasis. Aged bladders also exhibit basal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a dampened redox response, implying heightened oxidative stress. Furthermore, we identify a canonical senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the aged urothelium, along with continuous NLRP3-inflammasome- and Gasdermin-D-dependent pyroptotic cell death. Consequently, aged mice chronically exfoliate urothelial cells, further exacerbating age-related urothelial dysfunction. Upon infection with uropathogenic E. coli, aged mice harbor increased bacterial reservoirs and are more prone to spontaneous recurrent UTI. Finally, we discover that treatment with D-mannose, a natural bioactive monosaccharide, rescues autophagy flux, reverses the SASP, and mitigates ROS and NLRP3/Gasdermin/interleukin (IL)-1β-driven pyroptotic epithelial cell shedding in aged mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that normal aging affects bladder physiology, with aging alone increasing baseline cellular stress and susceptibility to infection, and suggest that mannose supplementation could serve as a senotherapeutic to counter age-associated urothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetanchandra S Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arnold M Salazar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marianne M Ligon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rayvanth R Chappidi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bisiayo E Fashemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul A Felder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amy Mora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sandra L Grimm
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center of Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Hawas S, Vagenas D, Haque A, Totsika M. Bladder-draining lymph nodes support germinal center B cell responses during urinary tract infection in mice. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0031723. [PMID: 37882531 PMCID: PMC10652902 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00317-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are both common and exhibit high recurrence rates in women. UTI healthcare costs are increasing due to the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, necessitating alternative approaches for infection control. Here, we directly observed host adaptive immune responses in acute UTI. We employed a mouse model in which wild-type C57BL/6J mice were transurethrally inoculated with a clinically relevant MDR UTI strain of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Firstly, we noted that rag1-/- C57BL/6J mice harbored larger bacterial burdens than wild-type counterparts, consistent with a role for adaptive immunity in UTI control. Consistent with this, UTI triggered in the bladders of wild-type mice early increases of myeloid cells, including CD11chi conventional dendritic cells, suggesting possible involvement of these professional antigen-presenting cells. Importantly, germinal center B cell responses developed by 4 weeks post-infection in bladder-draining lymph nodes of wild-type mice and, although modest in magnitude and transient in nature, could not be boosted with a second UTI. Thus, our data reveal for the first time in a mouse model that UPEC UTI induces local B cell immune responses in bladder-draining lymph nodes, which could potentially serve to control infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hawas
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Vagenas
- Research Methods Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Ontiveros CO, Murray CE, Crossland G, Curiel TJ. Considerations and Approaches for Cancer Immunotherapy in the Aging Host. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1449-1461. [PMID: 37769157 PMCID: PMC11287796 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in cancer immunotherapy are improving treatment successes in many distinct cancer types. Nonetheless, most tumors fail to respond. Age is the biggest risk for most cancers, and the median population age is rising worldwide. Advancing age is associated with manifold alterations in immune cell types, abundance, and functions, rather than simple declines in these metrics, the consequences of which remain incompletely defined. Our understanding of the effects of host age on immunotherapy mechanisms, efficacy, and adverse events remains incomplete. A deeper understanding of age effects in all these areas is required. Most cancer immunotherapy preclinical studies examine young subjects and fail to assess age contributions, a remarkable deficit given the known importance of age effects on immune cells and factors mediating cancer immune surveillance and immunotherapy efficacy. Notably, some cancer immunotherapies are more effective in aged versus young hosts, while others fail despite efficacy in the young. Here, we review our current understanding of age effects on immunity and associated nonimmune cells, the tumor microenvironment, cancer immunotherapy, and related adverse effects. We highlight important knowledge gaps and suggest areas for deeper enquiries, including in cancer immune surveillance, treatment response, adverse event outcomes, and their mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos O. Ontiveros
- UT Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Clare E. Murray
- UT Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Grace Crossland
- Graduate School of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
- The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Tyler J. Curiel
- UT Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, San Antonio, TX 78229
- Graduate School of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
- The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
- Dartmouth Health and Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756
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12
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Doshi B, Athans SR, Woloszynska A. Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:44. [PMID: 37666817 PMCID: PMC10477245 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavisha Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Sarah R Athans
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Anna Woloszynska
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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13
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Koti M, Bivalacqua T, Black PC, Cathomen T, Galsky MD, Gulley JL, Ingersoll MA, Kamat AM, Kassouf W, Siemens DR, Gao J. Adaptive Immunity in Genitourinary Cancers. Eur Urol Oncol 2023; 6:263-272. [PMID: 37069029 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT While urothelial and renal cell cancers have exhibited modest responses to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death ligand 1 and its receptor, response rates in patients with prostate cancer have remained poor. The factors underlying suboptimal outcomes observed in patients treated with novel immunotherapies are still to be resolved. OBJECTIVE To review the literature and describe the key adaptive immune physiological events associated with cancer progression and therapeutic response in genitourinary (GU) cancers. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a nonsystematic, collaborative narrative review to highlight recent advancements leading to the current state of knowledge on the critical mediators of antitumor adaptive immunity to GU cancers. Further, we discuss the findings on the pre- and post-treatment immunological events that either are unique to each of the three cancer types or exhibit overlapping clinical associations. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Aging-associated immune function decline is a major factor underlying poor outcomes observed in patients treated with both conventional and novel immunotherapies. Other cancer immunobiological aspects associated with suboptimal responses in GU cancers include the overall tumor mutational burden, mutations in specific tumor suppressor/DNA damage repair genes (KDM6A, PTEN, STAG2, TP53, ATM, and BRCA2), and abundance of multiple functional states of adaptive immune cells and their spatiotemporal localization within the tumor immune microenvironment. Understanding these mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers such as immune cell infiltration profiles and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) that associate with variable clinical outcomes depending on the nature of the novel immunotherapeutic approach. Implementation of newer immune-monitoring technologies and improved preclinical modeling systems will augment our understanding of the host and tumor intrinsic factors contributing to the variability of responses to immunotherapies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the tremendous progress made in the understanding of dynamic and static adaptive immune elements within the tumor immune landscape, several knowledge gaps remain. A comprehensive knowledge thus gained will lead to precision immunotherapy, improved drug sequencing, and a therapeutic response. PATIENT SUMMARY We performed a collaborative review by a diverse group of experts in the field to examine our understanding of the events and crosstalk between cancer cells and the patient's immune system that are associated with responses to novel immunotherapies. An evolving understanding of tumor-intrinsic and host-related immune alterations, both before and after therapy, will aid in the discovery of promising markers of responses to immunotherapy as well as the development of unique therapeutic approaches for the management of genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Trinity Bivalacqua
- Department of Urology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine & Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James L Gulley
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, 75014, France; Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Robert Siemens
- Department of Urology, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Shikhevich S, Chadaeva I, Khandaev B, Kozhemyakina R, Zolotareva K, Kazachek A, Oshchepkov D, Bogomolov A, Klimova NV, Ivanisenko VA, Demenkov P, Mustafin Z, Markel A, Savinkova L, Kolchanov NA, Kozlov V, Ponomarenko M. Differentially Expressed Genes and Molecular Susceptibility to Human Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043996. [PMID: 36835409 PMCID: PMC9966505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mainstream transcriptome profiling of susceptibility versus resistance to age-related diseases (ARDs) is focused on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to gender, age, and pathogeneses. This approach fits in well with predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory medicine and helps understand how, why, when, and what ARDs one can develop depending on their genetic background. Within this mainstream paradigm, we wanted to find out whether the known ARD-linked DEGs available in PubMed can reveal a molecular marker that will serve the purpose in anyone's any tissue at any time. We sequenced the periaqueductal gray (PAG) transcriptome of tame versus aggressive rats, identified rat-behavior-related DEGs, and compared them with their known homologous animal ARD-linked DEGs. This analysis yielded statistically significant correlations between behavior-related and ARD-susceptibility-related fold changes (log2 values) in the expression of these DEG homologs. We found principal components, PC1 and PC2, corresponding to the half-sum and the half-difference of these log2 values, respectively. With the DEGs linked to ARD susceptibility and ARD resistance in humans used as controls, we verified these principal components. This yielded only one statistically significant common molecular marker for ARDs: an excess of Fcγ receptor IIb suppressing immune cell hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Shikhevich
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Irina Chadaeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Bato Khandaev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Rimma Kozhemyakina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Karina Zolotareva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna Kazachek
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Oshchepkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton Bogomolov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalya V. Klimova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Zakhar Mustafin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Arcady Markel
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ludmila Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir Kozlov
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (RIFCI) SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630099, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(383)-363-4963 (ext. 1311)
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15
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Esteban-Villarrubia J, Torres-Jiménez J, Bueno-Bravo C, García-Mondaray R, Subiela JD, Gajate P. Current and Future Landscape of Perioperative Treatment for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:566. [PMID: 36765525 PMCID: PMC9913718 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the current standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, less than half of patients are candidates for this treatment, and 50% will develop metastatic disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy could be offered if neoadjuvant treatment has not been administered for suitable patients. It is important to reduce the risk of systemic recurrence and improve the prognosis of localized MIBC. Systemic therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma has evolved in recent years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted agents, such as antibody-drug conjugates or FGFR inhibitors, are new therapeutic alternatives and have shown their benefit in advanced disease. Currently, several clinical trials are investigating the role of these drugs, as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings with promising outcomes. In addition, the development of predictive biomarkers could predict responses to neoadjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pablo Gajate
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Ligon MM, Joshi CS, Fashemi BE, Salazar AM, Mysorekar IU. Effects of aging on urinary tract epithelial homeostasis and immunity. Dev Biol 2023; 493:29-39. [PMID: 36368522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A global increase in older individuals creates an increasing demand to understand numerous healthcare challenges related to aging. This population is subject to changes in tissue physiology and the immune response network. Older individuals are particularly susceptible to infectious diseases, with one of the most common being urinary tract infections (UTIs). Postmenopausal and older women have the highest risk of recurrent UTIs (rUTIs); however, why rUTIs become more frequent after menopause and during old age is incompletely understood. This increased susceptibility and severity among older individuals may involve functional changes to the immune system with age. Aging also has substantial effects on the epithelium and the immune system that led to impaired protection against pathogens, yet heightened and prolonged inflammation. How the immune system and its responses to infection changes within the bladder mucosa during aging has largely remained poorly understood. In this review, we highlight our understanding of bladder innate and adaptive immunity and the impact of aging and hormones and hormone therapy on bladder epithelial homeostasis and immunity. In particular, we elaborate on how the cellular and molecular immune landscape within the bladder can be altered during aging as aged mice develop bladder tertiary lymphoid tissues (bTLT), which are absent in young mice leading to profound age-associated change to the immune landscape in bladders that might drive the significant increase in UTI susceptibility. Knowledge of host factors that prevent or promote infection can lead to targeted treatment and prevention regimens. This review also identifies unique host factors to consider in the older, female host for improving rUTI treatment and prevention by dissecting the age-associated alteration of the bladder mucosal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne M Ligon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Chetanchandra S Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bisiayo E Fashemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Arnold M Salazar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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17
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Gerolami J, Wong JJM, Zhang R, Chen T, Imtiaz T, Smith M, Jamaspishvili T, Koti M, Glasgow JI, Mousavi P, Renwick N, Tyryshkin K. A Computational Approach to Identification of Candidate Biomarkers in High-Dimensional Molecular Data. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081997. [PMID: 36010347 PMCID: PMC9407361 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex high-dimensional datasets that are challenging to analyze are frequently produced through ‘-omics’ profiling. Typically, these datasets contain more genomic features than samples, limiting the use of multivariable statistical and machine learning-based approaches to analysis. Therefore, effective alternative approaches are urgently needed to identify features-of-interest in ‘-omics’ data. In this study, we present the molecular feature selection tool, a novel, ensemble-based, feature selection application for identifying candidate biomarkers in ‘-omics’ data. As proof-of-principle, we applied the molecular feature selection tool to identify a small set of immune-related genes as potential biomarkers of three prostate adenocarcinoma subtypes. Furthermore, we tested the selected genes in a model to classify the three subtypes and compared the results to models built using all genes and all differentially expressed genes. Genes identified with the molecular feature selection tool performed better than the other models in this study in all comparison metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score using a significantly smaller set of genes. In addition, we developed a simple graphical user interface for the molecular feature selection tool, which is available for free download. This user-friendly interface is a valuable tool for the identification of potential biomarkers in gene expression datasets and is an asset for biomarker discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Gerolami
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Justin Jong Mun Wong
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ricky Zhang
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tong Chen
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tashifa Imtiaz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Miranda Smith
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tamara Jamaspishvili
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Parvin Mousavi
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Neil Renwick
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kathrin Tyryshkin
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-533-2345
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