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Cross A, Soper AK, Thomson D, Putterman C, McCauley D, Micsinszki SK, Martens R, Solomon P, Carter L, Reynolds JN, de Camargo OK, Gorter JW. Development, implementation, and scalability of the Family Engagement in Research Course: a novel online course for family partners and researchers in neurodevelopmental disability and child health. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2024; 10:80. [PMID: 39103968 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2011 when the Canadian Institutes of Health Research launched the Strategy for Patient Oriented Research, there has been a growing expectation to embed patient-oriented research (POR) in the health research community in Canada. To meet this expectation and build capacity for POR in the field of neurodevelopmental disability and child health, in 2017 researchers and family leaders at CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University partnered with Kids Brain Health Network and McMaster Continuing Education to develop and implement a 10-week online Family Engagement in Research (FER) Course. MAIN TEXT From its inception, the FER Course has been delivered in partnership with family leaders and researchers. The FER Course is innovative in its co-learning and community building approach. The course is designed to bring family partners and researchers together to co-learn and connect, and to develop competency and confidence in both the theory and practice of family engagement in research. Coursework involves four live online group discussions, individual review of course materials, weekly group activities, and a final group project and presentation. Upon completion of the FER Course, graduates earn a McMaster University micro-credential. CONCLUSIONS To meet a need in building capacity in POR, a novel course in the field of neurodevelopmental disability and child health has been co-created and delivered. Over six years (2018-2023), the FER Course has trained more than 430 researchers and family partners across 20 countries. A unique outcome of the FER Course is that graduates expressed the wish to stay connected and continue to collaborate well beyond the course in turn creating an international FER Community Network that continues to evolve based on need. The FER Course is creating a growing international community of researchers, trainees, self-advocates, and family partners who are championing the implementation of meaningful engagement in neurodevelopmental disability and child health research and beyond. The course is internationally recognized with an established record of building capacity in POR. Its uptake, sustainability, and scalability to date has illustrated that training programs like the FER Course are necessary for building capacity and leadership in family engagement in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cross
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Rehabilitation, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Alice Kelen Soper
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Donna Thomson
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Connie Putterman
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dayle McCauley
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Samantha K Micsinszki
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Martens
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Azrieli Accelerator Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia Solomon
- School of Rehabilitation, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lorraine Carter
- McMaster Continuing Education, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - James N Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Olaf Kraus de Camargo
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Baba A, Aregbesola A, Caldwell PHY, Elliott SA, Elsman EBM, Fernandes RM, Hartling L, Heath A, Kelly LE, Preston J, Sammy A, Webbe J, Williams K, Woolfall K, Klassen TP, Offringa M. Developments in the Design, Conduct, and Reporting of Child Health Trials. Pediatrics 2024; 154:e2024065799. [PMID: 38832441 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-065799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
To identify priority areas to improve the design, conduct, and reporting of pediatric clinical trials, the international expert network, Standards for Research (StaR) in Child Health, was assembled and published the first 6 Standards in Pediatrics in 2012. After a recent review summarizing the 247 publications by StaR Child Health authors that highlight research practices that add value and reduce research "waste," the current review assesses the progress in key child health trial methods areas: consent and recruitment, containing risk of bias, roles of data monitoring committees, appropriate sample size calculations, outcome selection and measurement, and age groups for pediatric trials. Although meaningful change has occurred within the child health research ecosystem, measurable progress is still disappointingly slow. In this context, we identify and review emerging trends that will advance the agenda of increased clinical usefulness of pediatric trials, including patient and public engagement, Bayesian statistical approaches, adaptive designs, and platform trials. We explore how implementation science approaches could be applied to effect measurable improvements in the design, conducted, and reporting of child health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Baba
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Aregbesola
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Patrina H Y Caldwell
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah A Elliott
- Cochrane Child Health
- Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ellen B M Elsman
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ricardo M Fernandes
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lisa Hartling
- Cochrane Child Health
- Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna Heath
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren E Kelly
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jennifer Preston
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Sammy
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Webbe
- Section of Neonatal Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Williams
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University and Developmental Paediatrics, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kerry Woolfall
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Terry P Klassen
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Martin Offringa
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Shadi D, Jabraeili M, Hassankhani H, Alhani F, Bostanabad MA. Development and validation of a supportive programme for family caregivers of children suffering from cystic fibrosis: protocol for a sequential exploratory mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081560. [PMID: 38830739 PMCID: PMC11149150 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Families with children who have cystic fibrosis (CF) face a multitude of challenges. They require complex and time-consuming daily care, various forms of knowledge and intricate care responsibilities. One of the most critical challenges that Iranian families of children with CF face is the lack of adequate support from health teams in the early stages of diagnosis, frequent hospitalisation and the postdischarge process. Unfortunately, limited studies have been conducted in this field, and the Iranian society lacks a comprehensive support programme for these families after leaving treatment centres or home care teams. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and redefine the needs of these families for better care and support in Iran. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A mixed-method research design with an exploratory sequential approach will be used in this study. The study consists of three stages: stage (1) the qualitative phase (conventional content analysis and scoping review); stage (2) the programme design phase (development of a support programme) and stage (3) the quantitative phase (validation of the programme through the Delphi method). In the first stage, data will be collected through interviews. Key concepts, evidence and gaps in research will also be identified, collected and analysed through a scoping review. In the second stage, a support programme will be designed based on the results of the content analysis of interviews and the findings from the scoping review. In the final phase, the study will aim to validate the designed programme through a Delphi study. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study formed part of a Ph.D. degree and was approved by the ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR.TBZMED.REC.1402.395). Informed consent will be obtained from all study participants. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Shadi
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery faculty,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mahnaz Jabraeili
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery faculty,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Hadi Hassankhani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery faculty,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Fatemeh Alhani
- Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammad Arshadi Bostanabad
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery faculty,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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de Carvalho Corôa R, Ben Charif A, Robitaille V, G. V. Mochcovitch D, Abdoulaye Samri M, Akpo TG, Gogovor A, Blanchette V, Gomes Souza L, Kastner K, M. Achim A, McLean RKD, Milat A, Légaré F. Strategies for involving patients and the public in scaling initiatives in health and social services: A scoping review. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14086. [PMID: 38837509 PMCID: PMC11150745 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scaling in health and social services (HSS) aims to increase the intended impact of proven effective interventions. Patient and public involvement (PPI) is critical for ensuring that scaling beneficiaries' interests are served. We aimed to identify PPI strategies and their characteristics in the science and practice of scaling in HSS. METHODS In this scoping review, we included any scaling initiative in HSS that used PPI strategies and reported PPI methods and outcomes. We searched electronic databases (e.g., Medline) from inception to 5 February 2024, and grey literature (e.g., Google). Paired reviewers independently selected and extracted eligible reports. A narrative synthesis was performed and we used the PRISMA for Scoping Reviews and the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP2). FINDINGS We included 110 unique reports out of 24,579 records. In the past 5 years, the evidence on PPI in scaling has increased faster than in any previous period. We found 236 mutually nonexclusive PPI strategies among 120 scaling initiatives. Twenty-four initiatives did not target a specific country; but most of those that did so (n = 96) occurred in higher-income countries (n = 51). Community-based primary health care was the most frequent level of care (n = 103). Mostly, patients and the public were involved throughout all scaling phases (n = 46) and throughout the continuum of collaboration (n = 45); the most frequently reported ethical lens regarding the rationale for PPI was consequentialist-utilitarian (n = 96). Few papers reported PPI recruitment processes (n = 31) or incentives used (n = 18). PPI strategies occurred mostly in direct care (n = 88). Patient and public education was the PPI strategy most reported (n = 31), followed by population consultations (n = 30). CONCLUSIONS PPI in scaling is increasing in HSS. Further investigation is needed to better document the PPI experience in scaling and ensure that it occurs in a meaningful and equitable way. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Two patients were involved in this review. They shared decisions on review questions, data collection instruments, protocol design, and findings dissemination. REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework on 19 August 2020 (https://osf.io/zqpx7/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta de Carvalho Corôa
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Unité de soutien au système de santé apprenant QuébecQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | | | | | - Diogo G. V. Mochcovitch
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | | | - Talagbe Gabin Akpo
- Faculty of Business AdministrationUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Amédé Gogovor
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Unité de soutien au système de santé apprenant QuébecQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Virginie Blanchette
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Department of Human Kinetics and Podiatric MedicineUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuebecCanada
| | - Lucas Gomes Souza
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | | | - Amélie M. Achim
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- CERVO Brain Research CentreQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Robert K. D. McLean
- International Development Research CentreOttawaOntarioCanada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschWestern CapeSouth Africa
| | - Andrew Milat
- School of Public HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - France Légaré
- VITAM—Centre de recherche en santé durableCentre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale‐NationaleQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Unité de soutien au système de santé apprenant QuébecQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec ‐ Université LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
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Faux-Nightingale A, Somayajula G, Bradbury C, Bray L, Burton C, Chew-Graham CA, Gardner A, Griffin A, Twohig H, Welsh V. Coproducing Health Information Materials With Young People: Reflections and Lessons Learned. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14115. [PMID: 38879786 PMCID: PMC11180295 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes and critically reflects on how children and young people (CYP) acted as public advisors to coproduce health information materials about Long Covid for younger audiences. This work was underpinned by the Lundy model, a framework which provides guidance on facilitating CYP to actively contribute to matters which affect them. METHODS Coproduction activity sessions took place with CYP in schools as well as video conferences with a CYP stakeholder group and CYP with Long Covid. Activities encouraged CYP to focus on the content, format, and design of materials and used problem-based and collaborative learning to encourage engagement with the project. Using a range of methods and open discussion, CYP codesigned a series of Long Covid health information materials for younger audiences. RESULTS Sixty-six CYP (aged 10-18), and two young adults were involved. CYP codesigned specifications for the final materials and provided feedback on early designs. The project led to the development of a series of health information materials targeted at CYP: a short social media campaign with six short videos and a 12-page illustrated leaflet about Long Covid; released on social media and distributed in local area. All the CYP were positive about the project and their involvement. DISCUSSION Involving CYP led to the development of innovative and engaging information materials (influence). Developing rapport was important when working with CYP and this was facilitated by using approaches and activities to establish an environment (space) where the CYP felt comfortable sharing their views (voice) and being listened to (audience) by the adults in the project. Working with external groups who are willing to share their expertise can help the meaningful involvement of voices 'less heard'. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION One CYP coapplicant contributed to the project design and facilitation of PPIE sessions, 64 CYP were involved in the PPIE sessions to design and feedback on materials. Two young adult media producers worked with CYP to produce these materials, another CYP supported this process. Three public contributors were involved in the preparation of this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucy Bray
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Claire Burton
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
| | | | - Aaliyah Gardner
- Media Studies, School of Humanities, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
| | - Alex Griffin
- Media Studies, School of Humanities, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
| | - Helen Twohig
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
| | - Victoria Welsh
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK
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Wyatt KA, Bell J, Cooper J, Constable L, Siero W, Pozo Jeria C, Darling S, Smith R, Hughes EK. Involvement of children and young people in the conduct of health research: A rapid umbrella review. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14081. [PMID: 38845155 PMCID: PMC11156690 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) have long been considered important to good research practice. There is growing, yet diverse, evidence in support of PPIE with children and young people (CYP). We must now understand the various approaches to involvement of CYP in research. AIMS This rapid umbrella review aimed to provide an overview of when, how and to what extent CYP are involved in the conduct of health research, as well as the reported benefits, challenges, and facilitators of involvement. METHODS We searched OVID Medline, Embase and PubMed. Published reviews were included if they reported meaningful involvement of CYP in the conduct of health research. Extracted data were synthesised using thematic analysis. RESULTS The 26 reviews included were predominately systematic and scoping reviews, published within the last decade, and originating from North America and the United Kingdom. CYPs were involved in all stages of research across the literature, most commonly during research design and data collection, and rarely during research funding or data sharing and access. Researchers mostly engaged CYP using focus groups, interviews, advisory panels, questionnaires, and to a lesser extent arts-based approaches such as photovoice and drawing. Visual and active creative methods were more commonly used with children ≤12 years. The evidence showed a shared understanding of the benefits, challenges, and facilitators for involvement of CYP, such as time and resource commitment and building partnership. CONCLUSION Overall, the review identified consistency in the range of methods and approaches used, and stages of research with which CYP are commonly involved. There is a need for more consistent reporting of PPIE in the literature, both in terminology and detail used. Furthermore, the impact of approaches to CYP involvement on research and community outcomes must be better evaluated. PATIENT/PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This review forms part of broader research initiatives being led by the authors. Together, these projects aim to support embedding of child voices in research practice and to explore the desirability and suitability of Young Persons Advisory Groups within birth cohort studies. The findings from this review, alongside public and stakeholder consultation, will inform development of resources such as practice recommendations to guide future involvement of CYP in health research undertaken at the author's respective institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason Cooper
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Community Child HealthRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Leanne Constable
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Community Child HealthRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - William Siero
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Carla Pozo Jeria
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Community Child HealthRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simone Darling
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Community Child HealthRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Rachel Smith
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Community Child HealthRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Elizabeth K. Hughes
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- School of Psychological SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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MacNeil M, Benoit B, Disher T, Newman AJ, Campbell-Yeo M. Challenges and best practices for recruiting families of children with intellectual disabilities for health research. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024:17446295241255178. [PMID: 38753497 DOI: 10.1177/17446295241255178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Research focused on children with intellectual disabilities has been of increasing interest over the last two decades. However, a considerable lag in the amount of research that is representative and generalizable to this population in comparison to neurotypical children remains, largely attributed to issues with participant engagement and recruitment. Challenges and barriers associated with engaging and recruiting this population include lack of research to provide a sound foundation of knowledge, ethical considerations, parental attitudes, family commitments, and organizational gatekeeping. Researchers can engage children and their families using participatory research methods, honouring the child's right to assent, and collaborating with parents. Recruitment strategies include partnering with organizations, working with parent and patient partners, and using remote methods. Employing evidence-informed engagement and recruitment strategies may provide substantial social and scientific value to the research field by ensuring that this underrepresented population benefits equitably from research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan MacNeil
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- MOM-LINC Lab, IWK Health, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Britney Benoit
- Rankin School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Timothy Disher
- EVERSANA, Burlington, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Aaron J Newman
- Department of Pediatrics, Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Marsha Campbell-Yeo
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- MOM-LINC Lab, IWK Health, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Crockett LK, Scott SD, Driedger SM, Khan M, Prabhu D, Askin N, Steliga D, Tefft O, Jansson A, Turner S, Sibley KM. Characterizing research partnerships in child health research: A scoping review. J Child Health Care 2024:13674935241231346. [PMID: 38319137 DOI: 10.1177/13674935241231346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Research partnerships between researchers and knowledge users (KUs) in child health are understudied. This study examined the scope of KU engagement reported in published child health research, inclusive of health research partnership approaches and KU groups. Search strategies were developed by a health research librarian. Studies had to be in English, published since 2007, and were not excluded based on design. A two-step, multiple-person hybrid screening approach was used for study inclusion. Data on study and engagement characteristics, barriers and facilitators, and effects were extracted by one reviewer, with 10% verified by a second reviewer. Three hundred fifteen articles were included, with 243 (77.1%) published between 2019 and 2021. Community-based participatory research was the most common approach used (n = 122, 38.3%). Most studies (n = 235, 74.6%) engaged multiple KU groups (range 1-11), with children/youth, healthcare professionals, and parents/families being most frequently engaged. Reporting of barriers and facilitators and effects were variable, reported in 170 (53.8%) and 197 (62.5%) studies, respectively. Publications have increased exponentially over time. There is ongoing need to optimize evaluation and reporting consistency to facilitate growth in the field. Additional studies are needed to further our understanding of research partnerships in child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K Crockett
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shannon D Scott
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Masood Khan
- Knowledge Translation, George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Devashree Prabhu
- Knowledge Translation, George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nicole Askin
- WRHA Virtual Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dawn Steliga
- Knowledge Translation, George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Olivia Tefft
- Knowledge Translation, George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ann Jansson
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sarah Turner
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Knowledge Translation, George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Ríos-León M, Onal B, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Augutis M, Graham A, Kelly EH, Kontaxakis A, López-Dolado E, Scheel-Sailer A, Valiullina S, Taylor J. Research Priorities of the Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury Population: An International Insight for Rehabilitation Care. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 151:121-130. [PMID: 38154239 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although feedback from people with adult-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) has been considered for new rehabilitation programs, little is known about the priorities of the pediatric-onset SCI population. This study describes and compares health and life (H&L) domain research priorities of youth with pediatric-onset SCI and their parents/caregivers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey, designed by the Pan-European Paediatric Spinal Cord Injury (PEPSCI) Collaboration, was performed at six European countries. Dyad data from 202 participants, youth with pediatric-onset SCI (n = 101) and their parents/caregivers (n = 101), were analyzed with the PEPSCI H&L domain surveys. RESULTS The cohort was composed of 8 to 12-year-olds (30.7%), 13 to 17-year-olds (38.6%), and 18 to 25-year-olds (30.7%). The top three H&L domain research priorities reported by parents/caregivers of 8 to 12-year-olds were "walking/ability to move" (91%), "bladder" function (90%), and "general health/feel" (89%), compared with "physical function" (93%), "general health/feel" (90%), and "walking/ability to move" (89%) rated by parents/caregivers of 13 to 25-year-olds. "Bowel" function (85%), "leg/foot movement" (84%), and "bladder" function (84%) were reported as priorities by 13 to 25-year-olds, whereas "physical function" (84%), "experience at school" (83%), and "general mood" were highlighted by 8 to 12-year-olds. The top 10 priorities preferred by 13 to 25-year-olds when compared with the top 10 priorities reported by their parents/caregivers, included problems related to "bowel" and "pain." CONCLUSIONS Health domain research priorities were highlighted by 13 to 25-year-olds, compared with their parents/caregivers who equally identified H&L domains. This survey will aid health care and clinical research organizations to engage stakeholders to implement a comprehensive research strategy for the pediatric SCI population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ríos-León
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Toledo, Spain.
| | - Bashak Onal
- NHS Buckinghamshire Clinical Commissioning Group, Aylesbury, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Marika Augutis
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Allison Graham
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Stoke Mandeville, UK
| | | | | | - Elisa López-Dolado
- Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
| | - Anke Scheel-Sailer
- Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland; Department of Health Science and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Svetlana Valiullina
- Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russia
| | - Julian Taylor
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Toledo, Spain; Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Vanderhout S, Richards DP, Butcher N, Courtney K, Nicholls SG, Fergusson DA, Potter BK, Bhalla M, Nevins P, Fox G, Ly V, Taljaard M, Macarthur C. Prevalence of patient partner authorship and acknowledgment in child health research publications: an umbrella review. J Clin Epidemiol 2023; 164:35-44. [PMID: 37871836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children and families are increasingly involved as equal partners in child health research, however, considerations around authorship have received little attention and there is limited guidance on the topic. Our objective was to determine the frequency and nature of patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment among articles focused on patient engagement in child health research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING In this umbrella review, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and Web of Science for systematic/scoping reviews on patient engagement in child health research. Individual articles included in eligible reviews comprised the sample of articles for analysis and were examined to identify patient partner authorship. Descriptive statistics were used to quantify patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment and to summarize article characteristics. RESULTS Twelve systematic/scoping reviews met eligibility criteria, from which 230 individual articles were examined. In 16/230 (7%) articles, there was at least one patient partner author, and in 6/230 (3%) articles, patient partners were included as group authors. Within article Acknowledgments sections, patient partners were acknowledged by name in 41/230 (18%) articles, and anonymously or as a group in 98/230 (43%) articles. Patient partner authorship and/or acknowledgment was more frequent among articles published more recently (after 2015) and among articles where patient engagement was explicitly reported in the article. CONCLUSION Patient partners were more likely to be acknowledged than listed as an author on articles on patient engagement in child health research. Understanding patient partner preferences about authorship and acknowledgment, examination of the unique aspects of child and youth authorship and developing supports to empower patient partner authorship are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Vanderhout
- Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, 100 Queensway West, Mississauga, Ontario L5B 1B8, Canada.
| | - Dawn P Richards
- Patient Partner, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Five02 Labs Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy Butcher
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 250 College St, 8th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kim Courtney
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart G Nicholls
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Beth K Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Manav Bhalla
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pascale Nevins
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Grace Fox
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Valentina Ly
- University of Ottawa Library Services, 65 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Monica Taljaard
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Colin Macarthur
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
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11
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Brewster RCL, Wu A, Carroll RW. Open source approaches for pediatric global health technologies. J Med Eng Technol 2023; 47:371-375. [PMID: 38717814 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2024.2343682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Access to medical technologies is a critical component of universal access to care; however, the advancement of technologies for children has historically lagged behind those for adults. The small market size, anatomic and physiologic variability, and legal and ethical implications pose unique barriers to developing and commercialising paediatric biomedical innovations. These challenges are magnified in low-resource settings (LRS), which often lack appropriate regulatory oversight, support for service contracts, and supply chain capacity. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed shortcomings in the traditional industry model for medical technologies, while also catalysing open-source approaches to technology development and dissemination. Open-source pathways - where products are freely licenced to be distributed and modified - addressed key shortages in critical equipment. Relatedly, we argue that open-source approaches can accelerate paediatric global health technology development. Open-source approaches can be tailored to clinical challenges independent of economic factors, embrace low-cost manufacturing techniques, and can be highly customisable. Furthermore, diverse stakeholders, including families and patients, are empowered to participate in collaborative communities of practice. How to regulate the development, manufacture, and distribution of open-source technologies remains an ongoing area of exploration. The need for democratised innovation must be carefully balanced against the imperatives of safety and quality for paediatric-specific solutions. This can be achieved, in part, through close coordination between national regulatory agencies and decentralised networks where products can be peer-reviewed and tested. Altogether, there is significant potential for open source to advance more equitable and sustainable medical innovations for all children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C L Brewster
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Wu
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan W Carroll
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Spencer B, Hugh-Jones S, Cottrell D, Pini S. The INSCHOOL project: showcasing participatory qualitative methods derived from patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) work with young people with long-term health conditions. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:91. [PMID: 37828630 PMCID: PMC10568929 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests resources and services benefit from being developed in collaboration with the young people they aim to support. Despite this, patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) with young people is often tokenistic, limited in engagement and not developmentally tailored to young people. Our paper aims to build knowledge and practice for meaningfully engaging with young people in research design, analysis and as research participants. METHODS We report the participatory processes from the INSCHOOL project, examining long-term health conditions and schooling among 11-18 year olds. Young people were consulted at the inception of the project through a hospital-based youth forum. This began a partnership where young people co-designed study documents, informed the recruitment process, developed creative approaches to data collection, participated in pilot interviews, co-analysed the qualitative data and co-presented results. RESULTS PPIE advisors, participants and researchers all benefitted from consistent involvement of young people throughout the project. Long-term engagement allowed advisors and researchers to build rapport and facilitated openness in sharing perspectives. PPIE advisors valued being able to shape the initial aims and language of the research questions, and contribute to every subsequent stage of the project. Advisors co-designed flexible data collection methods for the qualitative project that provided participants with choices in how they took part (interviews, focus groups, written tasks). Further choice was offered through co-designed preparation activities where participants completed one of four creative activities prior to the interview. Participants were therefore able to have control over how they participated and how they described their school experiences. Through participatory analysis meetings advisors used their first-hand experiences to inform the creation of themes and the language used to describe these themes. PPIE in every stage of the process helped researchers to keep the results grounded in young people's experience and challenge their assumptions as adults. CONCLUSIONS Young people have much to offer and the INSCHOOL project has shown that researchers can meaningfully involve young people in all aspects of research. Consistent PPIE resulted in a project where the voices of young people were prioritised throughout and power imbalances were reduced, leading to meaningful participant-centred data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Spencer
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Leeds, UK
| | | | - David Cottrell
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Leeds, UK
| | - Simon Pini
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Leeds, UK.
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13
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Wittmeier K, Brown C, Diaz F, Pylypjuk H, Restall G, Anang P, Gerhold K. Collaborating with a Youth Council to Improve Chronic Pain Resources. Can J Pain 2023; 7:2254358. [PMID: 37908591 PMCID: PMC10614709 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2023.2254358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Background There is a recognized need to involve people with lived experience of chronic pain when developing chronic pain resources. Aims The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a short-term youth council focused on eliciting youths' recommendations for key features of chronic pain informational resources. Methods In this mixed methods instrumental case study, demographic data were collected via Survey Monkey®. Select Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® brief measures were used to provide context regarding pain impact within this group. Participants completed an initial interview, which informed youth council workshop delivery. Over two youth council workshops, participants reviewed select informational resources and identified key features of chronic pain resources. Participants evaluated their involvement experience during a second interview. Qualitative data were transcribed and analyzed using directed content analysis. Member-checking occurred during a third workshop, held virtually. Results Seven youth self-identifying as girl/woman or demi-girl participated. The youth were satisfied with the youth council experience, highlighting the importance of meeting others, a relaxed environment, and participating in valuable work. A list of youth-identified key features for informational resources was created through the workshops, which includes considerations for audience groups, content, and presentation. Conclusion Participants' input into youth council development and meeting others with lived experience contributed to a safe and supportive involvement experience. Youth council involvement supported the development of preliminary recommendations for chronic pain informational resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Wittmeier
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cara Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Francis Diaz
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Heidi Pylypjuk
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gayle Restall
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Polina Anang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kerstin Gerhold
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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14
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Kim L, Costello C, Golding MA, Janse van Rensburg C, Protudjer JLP, Wittmeier K. Determining the benefits and drawbacks of parents using personal connections and social networks for recruitment in research projects: a qualitative study. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:58. [PMID: 37496063 PMCID: PMC10373347 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is becoming more common for parents of children with chronic conditions to join research teams as partners. Parent partnerships can help align research with what is relevant and important to families. It is also common for parent partners to be asked to share information about a study through their personal networks, which supports study recruitment. In this parent-led study, we explored parents' experiences when working together with researchers in patient-oriented research studies, in relation to study recruitment. METHODS Demographic data were collected through a brief online survey (SurveyMonkey®) and analysed descriptively (n, %, median (interquartile range; IQR)). Qualitative data were collected through focus groups and interviews (July to October 2021), transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Parent co-leads were involved in every stage of the study, including study design, recruitment, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and knowledge mobilization. RESULTS Fifteen parents (n = 14 women) who had research partnership experience participated in this study. Most (n = 13) participants self-identified as White or of European descent. The majority (n = 10) had partnered in 1-3 research projects, while five participants had partnered in 4 + projects. Parents had a median of 3 years (IQR: 5) of partnership experience. We identified the following three themes: motivations, authentic partnerships, and learned decision making. Each theme included reflections about recruitment, and about research partnership in general. Motivations included a personal connection to the research topic, a connection to the community impacted by the research topic, and a desire to create change. Authentic partnerships were important for a meaningful experience, and enhanced participant's willingness and ability to share study materials. Learned decision making reflected parents' evolving decisions and practices related to sharing study information or personal information to support research. We provide a summary of participants' recommendations for researchers who work with parent partners, and recommendations for parents as they approach research partnerships. CONCLUSIONS Experiences shared by parents who have partnered in research provide valuable information to inform recruitment methods and improve team functioning. Parent partners expressed a willingness to support recruitment and valued a strong research team working together for a common outcome. This study yields a set of recommendations guiding future research that engages parents as team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laesa Kim
- Family Liaison, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Carrie Costello
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Michael A Golding
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Chloé Janse van Rensburg
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jennifer L P Protudjer
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristy Wittmeier
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Dong SY, Nguyen L, Cross A, Doherty-Kirby A, Geboers J, McCauley D, Soper AK, St Dennis A, Steeves D, Trehan N, Gorter JW. Youth engagement in research: exploring training needs of youth with neurodevelopmental disabilities. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:50. [PMID: 37430378 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Authentic researcher-youth partnerships in patient-oriented research (POR) where the research responds to the needs expressed by youth themselves are essential to make research meaningful. While patient-oriented research (POR) is increasingly practiced, few training programs exist in Canada and none, to our knowledge, are tailored for youth with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD). Our primary objective was to explore the training needs of youth (ages 18-25) with NDD to enhance their knowledge, confidence, and skills as research partners. Our secondary objective was to identify the benefits and challenges of engaging youth with NDD in a POR approach. METHODS Our team of four youth and one parent with lived experience [Youth Engagement in Research (YER) partners] and six researchers engaged in POR to investigate the primary objective via two phases: (1) individual interviews with youth living with NDD and (2) a two-day virtual symposium with focus groups with youth and researchers. Collaborative qualitative content analysis was employed to synthesize the data. Our secondary objective was assessed by asking our YER partners to complete the Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool (PPEET) survey and participate in reflective discussions. RESULTS Phase 1 participants (n = 7) identified various barriers and facilitators to their engagement in research and offered suggestions to meet their needs through minimizing barriers and integrating facilitators, which would subsequently enhance their knowledge, confidence, and skills as research partners. Informed by phase 1, phase 2 participants (n = 17) prioritized the following POR training needs: researcher-youth communication, research roles and responsibilities, and finding partnership opportunities. For delivery methods, participants stated the importance of youth representation, using Universal Design for Learning, and co-learning between youth and researchers. Based on the PPEET data and subsequent discussions, YER partners agreed that they were able to express views freely, feel that their views were heard, and that their participation made a meaningful difference. Challenges included scheduling difficulties, ensuring multiple methods for engagement, and working under short timelines. CONCLUSION This study identified important training needs for youth with NDD and for researchers to engage in meaningful POR, which can subsequently inform the co-production of accessible training opportunities with and for youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Yimeng Dong
- Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Nguyen
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Cross
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Geboers
- Youth Engagement in Research (YER) Partners/Patient Authors, Hamilton, Canada
- Childhood Cerebral Palsy Integrated Neuroscience Discovery Network (CP-NET), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dayle McCauley
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Childhood Cerebral Palsy Integrated Neuroscience Discovery Network (CP-NET), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alice Kelen Soper
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda St Dennis
- Youth Engagement in Research (YER) Partners/Patient Authors, Hamilton, Canada
- Childhood Cerebral Palsy Integrated Neuroscience Discovery Network (CP-NET), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Danny Steeves
- Youth Engagement in Research (YER) Partners/Patient Authors, Hamilton, Canada
- Childhood Cerebral Palsy Integrated Neuroscience Discovery Network (CP-NET), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Natasha Trehan
- Youth Engagement in Research (YER) Partners/Patient Authors, Hamilton, Canada
- Biomedical Science Program, Ottawa University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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16
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Martin EG, Rasiah J, Claassen CS, Waywitka J, Merritt AM, Pringsheim TM, Shearer KA, Tsang VWL, Stevens KE, Sheehan-Klassen CE, Suddaby P, Orr SL. Engaging youth and parents in clinical pediatric research: A case-based example. Paediatr Child Health 2023; 28:235-240. [PMID: 37287482 PMCID: PMC10243992 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Youth and parent engagement is a key component of clinical research. There are many ways to actively and meaningfully engage youth and parents as integral members of research teams, for example, through ad-hoc committees, advisory councils, or as co-leads on projects. When youth and parents are actively and meaningfully engaged in research projects, they share knowledge from their lived experiences to improve the quality and relevance of research. Methods We describe a case-based example of engaging youth and parent research partners when co-designing a questionnaire to assess preferences for pediatric headache treatments, from both a researcher and youth/parent perspective. We also summarize best practices in patient and family engagement from the literature and pertinent guidelines to assist researchers with integrating patient and family engagement into their studies. Results As researchers, we felt that the integration of a youth and parent engagement plan into our study significantly altered and strengthened questionnaire content validity. We encountered challenges throughout the process and detailed these experiences to help educate others about challenge mitigation and best practices in youth and parent engagement. As youth and parent partners, we felt that engaging in the process of questionnaire development was an exciting and empowering opportunity, and that our feedback was valued and integrated. Conclusions By sharing our experience, we hope to catalyze thought and discussion around the importance of youth and parent engagement in pediatric research, with the goal of stimulating more appropriate, relevant, and high-quality pediatric research and clinical care in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise G Martin
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jananee Rasiah
- Faculty of Nursing, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Tamara M Pringsheim
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Vivian W L Tsang
- KidsCan Young Person’s Research Advisory Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Perle Suddaby
- KidsCan Young Person’s Research Advisory Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serena L Orr
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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17
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Vinnicombe S, Bianchim MS, Noyes J. A review of reviews exploring patient and public involvement in population health research and development of tools containing best practice guidance. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1271. [PMID: 37391764 PMCID: PMC10311710 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly seen as something that is integral to research and of importance to research funders. There is general recognition that PPI is the right thing to do for both moral and practical reasons. The aim of this review of reviews is to examine how PPI can be done 'properly' by looking at the evidence that exists from published reviews and assessing it against the UK Standards for Public Involvement in Research, as well as examining the specific features of population health research that can make PPI more challenging. METHODS A review of reviews and development of best practice guidance was carried out following the 5-stage Framework Synthesis method. RESULTS In total 31 reviews were included. There is a lack of current research or clarity around Governance and Impact when findings are mapped against UK Standards for Public Involvement in Research. It was also clear that there is little knowledge around PPI with under-represented groups. There are gaps in knowledge about how to ensure key specific attributes of population health research are addressed for PPI team members - particularly around how to deal with complexity and the data-driven nature of the research. Four tools were produced for researchers and PPI members to further improve their PPI activity within population health research and health research more generally, including a framework of recommended actions to address PPI in population health research, and guidance on integrating PPI based on the UK Standards for Public Involvement in Research. CONCLUSIONS Facilitating PPI in population health research is challenging due to the nature of this type of research and there is far less evidence on how to do PPI well in this context. The tools can help researchers identify key aspects of PPI that can be integrated when designing PPI within projects. Findings also highlight specific areas where more research or discussion is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Vinnicombe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Mayara S Bianchim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Jane Noyes
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
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Warraitch A, Bruce D, Lee M, Curran P, Khraisha Q, Hadfield K. Involving adolescents in the design, implementation, evaluation and dissemination of health research: an umbrella review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069695. [PMID: 37270189 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A lack of awareness on how to engage adolescents in research has been reported as one of the barriers to meaningful youth involvement in health research. Currently, available guidelines on youth involvement are limited in terms of the scope (e.g., focused on limited health research areas), content (e.g., include broad principles) and context (e.g., most guidelines are from high-income countries) for which the guidelines are applicable. To address this, we will develop a set of comprehensive guidelines based on consolidated evidence on youth involvement in health research. To inform these guidelines, we are first conducting an umbrella review to (1) summarise and synthesise findings from reviews on involving adolescents in health research, (2) consolidate the challenges experienced in youth involvement and the recommendations to mitigate these challenges, (3) identify best practices and (4) identify gaps and methodological weaknesses in the extant literature on involving adolescents in health research. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will include review articles exploring adolescents' involvement in studies aiming to improve their physical or mental health. Databases to be searched include Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Epistemonikos and Health Systems Evidence. A grey literature search will be conducted in Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar and PROSPERO, supplemented by a handsearch of the reference lists of eligible reviews, relevant journals, websites of related organisations and input from experts. Data will be analysed using narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required as we are not collecting participant data as part of this review. The findings of this umbrella review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, participatory workshops and academic conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021287467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Warraitch
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Delali Bruce
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Maria Lee
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Curran
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Qusai Khraisha
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristin Hadfield
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Teodorowski P, Rodgers SE, Fleming K, Tahir N, Ahmed S, Frith L. 'To me, it's ones and zeros, but in reality that one is death': A qualitative study exploring researchers' experience of involving and engaging seldom-heard communities in big data research. Health Expect 2023; 26:882-891. [PMID: 36691930 PMCID: PMC10010102 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Big data research requires public support. It has been argued that this can be achieved by public involvement and engagement to ensure that public views are at the centre of research projects. Researchers should aim to include diverse communities, including seldom-heard voices, to ensure that a range of voices are heard and that research is meaningful to them. OBJECTIVE We explored how researchers involve and engage seldom-heard communities around big data research. METHODS This is a qualitative study. Researchers who had experience of involving or engaging seldom-heard communities in big data research were recruited. They were based in England (n = 5), Scotland (n = 4), Belgium (n = 2) and Canada (n = 1). Twelve semistructured interviews were conducted on Zoom. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and we used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse participants' experiences. RESULTS The analysis highlighted the complexity of involving and engaging seldom-heard communities around big data research. Four themes were developed to represent participants' experiences: (1) abstraction and complexity of big data, (2) one size does not fit all, (3) working in partnership and (4) empowering the public contribution. CONCLUSION The study offers researchers a better understanding of how to involve and engage seldom-heard communities in a meaningful way around big data research. There is no one right approach, with involvement and engagement activities required to be project-specific and dependent on the public contributors, researchers' needs, resources and time available. PATIENT AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT Two public contributors are authors of the paper and they were involved in the study design, analysis and writing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Teodorowski
- Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sarah E Rodgers
- Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kate Fleming
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Lucy Frith
- Department of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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20
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Saron H, Munro J, Young R, Carrol ED, Porter D, Cantwell R, Crouch C, Roberts J, Carter B. ‘ZOOMing’ in on Consulting with Children and Parents Remotely to Co-Create Health Information Resources. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030539. [PMID: 36980097 PMCID: PMC10047904 DOI: 10.3390/children10030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic altered the way many people worked. Remote and creative ways were favoured and utilised for consultation activities. In this paper, we draw attention to how we have used creative methods over the teleconferencing platform ‘ZOOM’ to consult with children and their parents when we were unable to consult with them face-to-face. We document a clear timeline of how we have worked together to co-create an animation and information sheet about receiving outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT). We identify the opportunities and challenges we faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Saron
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
| | | | - Rob Young
- Faculty Associate at NHS Research & Development North West, Salford HG2 0HD, UK;
| | - Enitan D. Carrol
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - David Porter
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Ruth Cantwell
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Claire Crouch
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Julia Roberts
- Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (E.D.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Bernie Carter
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Prebeg M, Patton M, Desai R, Smith M, Krause K, Butcher N, Monga S. From participants to partners: reconceptualising authentic patient engagement roles in youth mental health research. Lancet Psychiatry 2023; 10:139-145. [PMID: 36502816 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(22)00377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The value of involving people with lived experience in the research process (ie, patient engagement) is increasingly being recognised within youth mental health research. The wide-reaching benefits of patient engagement have been documented in the literature, including the empowerment of patients, improvement of research outcomes, and increased relevance of research findings. Although various models exist to guide patient engagement, there are key concepts that deserve exploration to ensure the authentic implementation of these models and development of patient roles. Our Personal View aims to: identify and discuss barriers to patient engagement roles in the context of youth mental health research; consider how key concepts of relational empowerment, fluidity, and flexibility can address some of these barriers; and provide tangible recommendations for implementing authentic patient engagement throughout the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Prebeg
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Margaret & Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Patton
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Riddhi Desai
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Karolin Krause
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Butcher
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suneeta Monga
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Pulcini CD, Raphael JL, Lopez KN. Translating Research into Child Health Policy: Aligning Incentives and Building a New Discourse. Pediatr Clin North Am 2023; 70:151-164. [PMID: 36402465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Research has led to major achievements in public policy and child health. Despite the gains, the need for research to inform policy remains paramount against a backdrop of inadequate public health investments, health inequities, and public skepticism toward science. However, the translation of research into child health policy has often been slow due to misalignments in incentives between researchers and policy makers and a paucity of conceptual models to inform translation. This article outlines barriers to translation, provides examples of discordance between evidence and policy, summarizes models to inform translation, and offers strategies to improve translation of research to policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Pulcini
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Fletcher House 301, 111 Colchester Avenue, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
| | - Jean L Raphael
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keila N Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Vanderhout SM, Bhalla M, Van A, Fergusson DA, Potter BK, Karoly A, Ly V, Macarthur C. The Impact of Patient and Family Engagement in Child Health Research: A Scoping Review. J Pediatr 2023; 253:115-128. [PMID: 36179891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify impacts of patient and family engagement in child health research on the research process, research teams, and patient and family partners. STUDY DESIGN A scoping review was conducted using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. English-language studies were included if they described ≥1 impact of patient and family engagement on child health research (age <18 years), researchers, or patient and family partners. Data were retrieved by 2 independent extractors. RESULTS Of the 7688 studies identified, 25 were included in our analysis. Impacts of patient and family engagement were mostly on the research process (n = 24 studies; 96%), 11 (44%) determined impacts on the research team, and 17 (68%) reported impacts on patient and family partners. Less than one-half (n = 11; 44%) had a primary purpose of determining the impact of patient engagement, and no study used a specific evaluation tool. CONCLUSIONS Patient and family engagement can strengthen the relevance and feasibility of research and empower researchers and patient partners. Measuring and reporting the impact of engagement is rare. Systematic and standardized evaluation of engagement is needed to understand how, when, and why to engage patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley M Vanderhout
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Manav Bhalla
- Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alicia Van
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beth K Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Valentina Ly
- University of Ottawa Library Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin Macarthur
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Wang L, Micsinszki SK, Goulet-Barteaux M, Gilman C, Phoenix M. Youth and family engagement in childhood disability evidence syntheses: A scoping review. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:20-35. [PMID: 35708523 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Within the last decade, stakeholder engagement in research has become increasingly popular in childhood disability research; however, literature on the engagement of youth with neurodisabilities and their families in evidence syntheses is underdeveloped. Involving patients as partners in research has the potential to improve applicability and relevance of the research and benefit patient partners (e.g. enhanced self-esteem, increased research knowledge and skills); however, the methods, challenges, outcomes and recommendations of engaging youth with neurodisabilities and their families in evidence syntheses are unknown. Two parents of youth with complex disability needs were engaged as partners throughout this review. Following methods outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), the primary research question in this scoping review is twofold: (i) what activities have youth with neurodisabilities and their families been engaged in as part of evidence syntheses and (ii) what were the outcomes of that engagement? After full text review of 369 articles, nine articles were included. Youth and families were engaged prior to the evidence synthesis and at every stage in the project, most often during data analysis where they contextualized the findings. Youth and family engagement were not formally evaluated; however, positive outcomes were reported by parents and researchers. Challenges such as increased time, sustaining engagement, and parents' dissatisfaction with their level of involvement were reported. Recommendations centred around providing partners with information, building relationships via social media, and openly communicating about roles, feedback and logistics. Childhood disability researchers should be aware of how they can increase engagement opportunities at all stages of evidence syntheses and how they might improve accessibility for youth with neurodisabilities and their families. Further research is needed to solidify a unified framework for conduct and reporting of youth and family engagement in evidence syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Wang
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha K Micsinszki
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Christina Gilman
- Parents Partnering in Research, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Phoenix
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Shahid A, Lalani IN, Rosgen BK, Sept BG, Longmore S, Parsons Leigh J, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM. A scoping review of methods to measure and evaluate citizen engagement in health research. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2022; 8:72. [PMID: 36496455 PMCID: PMC9737710 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-022-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citizen engagement, or partnering with interested members of the public in health research, is becoming more common. While ongoing assessment of citizen engagement practices is considered important to its success, there is little clarity around aspects of citizen engagement that are important to assess (i.e., what to look for) and methods to assess (i.e., how to measure and/ or evaluate) citizen engagement in health research. METHODS In this scoping review, we included peer-reviewed literature that focused primarily on method(s) to measure and/or evaluate citizen engagement in health research. Independently and in duplicate, we completed title and abstract screening and full-text screening and extracted data including document characteristics, citizen engagement definitions and goals, and methods to measure or evaluate citizen engagement (including characteristics of these methods). RESULTS Our search yielded 16,762 records of which 33 records (31 peer-reviewed articles, one government report, one conference proceeding) met our inclusion criteria. Studies discussed engaging citizens (i.e., patients [n = 16], members of the public [n = 7], service users/consumers [n = 4], individuals from specific disease groups [n = 3]) in research processes. Reported methods of citizen engagement measurement and evaluation included frameworks, discussion-based methods (i.e., focus groups, interviews), survey-based methods (e.g., audits, questionnaires), and other methods (e.g., observation, prioritization tasks). Methods to measure and evaluate citizen engagement commonly focused on collecting perceptions of citizens and researchers on aspects of citizen engagement including empowerment, impact, respect, support, and value. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We found that methods to measure and/or evaluate citizen engagement in health research vary widely but share some similarities in aspect of citizen engagement considered important to measure or evaluate. These aspects could be used to devise a more standardized, modifiable, and widely applicable framework for measuring and evaluating citizen engagement in research. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Two citizen team members were involved as equal partners in study design and interpretation of its findings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework (10.17605/OSF.IO/HZCBR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Shahid
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Inara N Lalani
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brianna K Rosgen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bonnie G Sept
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shelly Longmore
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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McCabe E, Amarbayan M(M, Rabi S, Mendoza J, Naqvi SF, Thapa Bajgain K, Zwicker JD, Santana M. Youth engagement in mental health research: A systematic review. Health Expect 2022; 26:30-50. [PMID: 36385452 PMCID: PMC9854331 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient engagement in youth mental health research has the potential to inform research on the interventions, services and policies that will benefit youth. At present, there is little evidence to guide mental health researchers on youth engagement. This systematic review aims to describe the impacts of youth engagement on mental health research and to summarize youth engagement in mental health research. METHODS We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO, using a combination of subject headings, keywords and synonyms for the concepts 'patient engagement', 'youth' and 'mental health'. Articles that described engaging youth in mental health research were included. Two reviewers performed the study selection. Study characteristics, research activities performed by youth, impacts of youth engagement, challenges, and facilitators to engagement and recommendations for youth engagement described by authors were extracted. Quality appraisal involved determining the level of engagement of youth and the stage(s) of research where youth were involved. RESULTS The database search returned 2836 citations, 151 full-text articles were screened and 16 articles, representing 14 studies, were selected for inclusion. Youth were involved at nearly all stages of the research cycle, in either advisory or co-production roles. Youth engagement impacts included enhancing relevant research findings, data collection and analysis and dissemination to academic and stakeholder audiences. Both youth and academic researchers reported personal development across many domains. One negative impact reported was the increase in funding and resources needed for engagement. We produced a list of 35 recommendations under the headings of training, youth researcher composition, strategy, expectations, relationships, meeting approaches and engagement conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an understanding of the impacts and recommendations of youth engagement in mental health research. The findings from this study may encourage researchers to engage youth in their mental health research and support youth engagement in funding applications. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION We consulted three youths with experience being engaged in mental health research about the review findings and the discussion. One youth designed a visual representation of the results and provided feedback on the manuscript. All youth's input informed the way the findings were presented and the focus of the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin McCabe
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Public PolicyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Sarah Rabi
- Department of Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Justino Mendoza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and TechnologyMount Royal UniversityCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Syeda Farwa Naqvi
- Department of Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Jennifer D. Zwicker
- Department of Social Policy and Health, School of Public PolicyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Maria Santana
- Department of Pediatrics, Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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Crowther D, McCulloch H, Wong H, Mackay R, Johnson C, Chorney J, Ritchie K, Lawrence L, Bishop A, Helwig M, Curran J. Children, young people and parent engagement in health intervention design and implementation: A scoping review. Health Expect 2022; 26:1-15. [PMID: 36346148 PMCID: PMC9854306 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Engaging children and young people (CYP) with and without their parents in health research has the potential to improve the development and implementation of health interventions. However, to our knowledge, the scope of engagement activities used with this population and barriers to their engagement is unknown. The objective of this review was to identify and describe CYP engagement with and without their parents in the development and/or implementation of health interventions. METHODS This scoping review included any primary research studies reporting on engaging CYP, with or without parents, in the design and/or implementation of health interventions. Healthcare professionals had to be involved over the course of the study and the study had to take place in either community, primary or tertiary care settings. The following databases were searched in May 2017, May 2020 and June 2021: Medline (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO) and Embase (Elsevier). Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full-text articles and used a previously piloted extraction form to extract and summarize information from the included articles. RESULTS Twenty-eight articles discussing twenty-four studies were included. CYP engagement throughout the research cycle was limited. There were no observed differences in the reported presence of engagement, types of interventions or outcomes of engagement between studies engaging CYP or CYP and parents. Studies engaging CYP and parents contained limited information on how these relationships affected outcomes of engagement. Engagement was enabled primarily by the maintenance of resources and relationships among stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS Although CYP engagement often influenced health intervention and implementation design, they are inconsistently engaged across the research cycle. It is unclear whether parental involvement enhances CYP engagement. Future research should consider reporting guidelines to clarify the level of CYP and/or parent engagement, and enhance CYP engagement by fostering synergistic and sustainable partnerships with key stakeholders. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION A parent partner with codesign experience contributed to the creation of the research questions, screened titles, abstracts and full texts, helped with data extraction and provided feedback on the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Crowther
- Strengthening Transitions in Care LabIWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Holly McCulloch
- Strengthening Transitions in Care LabIWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Helen Wong
- Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Rebecca Mackay
- Strengthening Transitions in Care LabIWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Catie Johnson
- Strengthening Transitions in Care LabIWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Jill Chorney
- Department of Psychiatry I Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Krista Ritchie
- Faculty of EducationMount Saint Vincent UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Logan Lawrence
- Research and InnovationNova Scotia HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Andrea Bishop
- Policy Development and ResearchNova Scotia College of PharmacistsHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Melissa Helwig
- Research & Scholarly CommunicationsDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Janet Curran
- Strengthening Transitions in Care LabIWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada,Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
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Postma L, Luchtenberg ML, Verhagen AAE, Maeckelberghe EL. Involving children and young people in paediatric research priority setting: a narrative review. BMJ Paediatr Open 2022; 6:10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001610. [PMID: 36645790 PMCID: PMC9703322 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is twofold: first, to describe the methods used when involving children and young people (CYP) in developing a paediatric research agenda and, second, to evaluate how the existing literature describes the impact of involving CYP. We distinguish three forms of impact: impact on the research agenda (focused impact), impact on researchers and CYP (diffuse impact) and impact on future research (research impact). DESIGN A narrative review of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar was conducted from October 2016 to January 2022. The included studies involved at least one CYP in developing a research agenda and were published in English. RESULTS 22 studies were included; the CYP involved were aged between 6 years and 25 years. Little variation was found in the methods used to involve them. The methods used were James Lind Alliance (JLA) approach (n=16), focus groups (n=2), workshop (n=2), research prioritisation by affected communities (n=1) and combined methods (n=1). Impact was rarely described: focused impact in nine studies, diffuse impact in zero studies and research impact in three studies. CONCLUSION This study concludes that the JLA approach is most frequently used to involve CYP and that all methods used to involve them are rarely evaluated. It also concludes that the reported impact of involving CYPs is incomplete. This study implies that to convince sceptical researchers of the benefits of involving CYPs and to justify the costs, more attention should be paid to reporting these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Postma
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands .,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Malou L Luchtenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - A A Eduard Verhagen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Els L Maeckelberghe
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Walsh CM, Jones NL, McCreath GA, Connan V, Pires L, Abuloghod L, Buchanan F, Macarthur C. Codevelopment and usability testing of Patient Engagement 101: a Patient-Oriented Research Curriculum in Child Health e-learning module for health care professionals, researchers and trainees. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E872-E881. [PMID: 36195343 PMCID: PMC9544233 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and family engagement is thought to improve the quality and relevance of child health research. We developed and evaluated the usability of Patient Engagement 101, an e-learning module designed to strengthen the patient-oriented research readiness of health care professionals, researchers, trainees and other stakeholders. METHODS The development of Patient Engagement 101 was co-led by a parent and a researcher and overseen by a diverse multistake-holder steering committee. The module was refined and evaluated using a mixed-methods usability testing approach with 2 iterative cycles of semistructured interviews, observations and questionnaires. We collected module feedback by way of semistructured interviews, the validated System Usability Scale, and satisfaction, knowledge and confidence questionnaires. Thematic coding of transcripts and field notes, informed by team discussions, guided the module revisions. RESULTS Thirty end-users completed usability testing (15 per cycle). In each cycle, we modified the module with respect to its content, learner experience, learner-centred design and aesthetic design. Participants were highly satisfied, and System Usability Scale scores indicated the module had the best imaginable usability. Substantial increases in the participants' knowledge test scores and the confidence to engage in patient-oriented research, but not self-rated knowledge, were observed after module completion. INTERPRETATION Codevelopment with patients and caregivers, and refinement through comprehensive end-user testing, resulted in a training resource with exceptional usability that improved knowledge and confidence to engage in patient-oriented research in child health. Patient Engagement 101 is openly available online, and the methods used to develop and evaluate it may facilitate the creation and evaluation of similar capacity-building resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine M Walsh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Graham A McCreath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Veronik Connan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Linda Pires
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Lama Abuloghod
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Francine Buchanan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Colin Macarthur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Walsh, Jones), Department of Clinical Dietetics (Connan), SickKids Learning Institute (Walsh), SickKids Research Institute (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Macarthur) and Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (Pires), The Hospital for Sick Children (Walsh, Jones, McCreath, Abuloghod, Buchanan, Macarthur); Departments of Paediatrics (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur) and Physiology (Jones), and The Wilson Centre for Research in Education (Walsh), Temerty Faculty of Medicine (Walsh, Jones, Macarthur); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation (Walsh, Buchanan), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
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Pozniak K, Cross A, Babic R, Cavalieros V, Martens R, Rosenbaum P, Imms C, Novak-Pavlic M, Balram A, Hughes D, O'Connor B, Miller L. Co-development of the ENVISAGE-Families programme for parents of children with disabilities: Reflections on a parent-researcher partnership. Aust Occup Ther J 2022; 69:653-661. [PMID: 35599379 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In childhood disability research, the involvement of families is essential for optimal outcomes for all participants. ENVISAGE (ENabling VISions And Growing Expectations)-Families is a programme comprising five online workshops for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The workshops aim to introduce parents to strengths-based perspectives on health and development. The research is based on an integrated Knowledge Translation (iKT) approach, in which knowledge users are involved throughout the research process. This article is co-authored by the ENVISAGE health service researchers (N = 9) and parent partners (N = 3) to describe the process through which we co-developed and implemented the workshops. METHODS Collaborative auto-ethnography methods, based on a combination of interviews, qualitative surveys, and discussions held to complete the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and Public-2 tool, were used to describe the co-design process, the benefits gained, and lessons learned. FINDINGS Parents (n = 118) were involved in developing and implementing the ENVISAGE workshops across the different phases, as partners, collaborators, or participants. Three parents were involved as investigators throughout. We identify seven key ingredients that we believe are necessary for a successful parent-researcher working relationship: (i) consistent communication; (ii) clear roles and expectations; (iii) onboarding and feedback; (iv) flexibility; (v) understanding; (vi) self-reflection; and (vii) funding. CONCLUSION Patient and family engagement in research is a rapidly growing area of scholarship with new knowledge and tools added every year. As our team embarks on new collaborative studies, we incorporate this knowledge as well as the practical experience we gain from working together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Pozniak
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Andrea Cross
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Rose Babic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Rachel Martens
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Christine Imms
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Monika Novak-Pavlic
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Abha Balram
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Debra Hughes
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Laura Miller
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia
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Sood E, Gramszlo C, Perez Ramirez A, Braley K, Butler SC, Davis JA, Divanovic AA, Edwards LA, Kasparian N, Kelly SL, Neely T, Ortinau CM, Riegel E, Shillingford AJ, Kazak AE. Partnering With Stakeholders to Inform the Co-Design of a Psychosocial Intervention for Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Heart Disease. J Patient Exp 2022; 9:23743735221092488. [PMID: 35493441 PMCID: PMC9039438 DOI: 10.1177/23743735221092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Input from diverse stakeholders is critical to the process of designing healthcare interventions. This study applied a novel mixed-methods, stakeholder-engaged approach to co-design a psychosocial intervention for mothers expecting a baby with congenital heart disease (CHD) and their partners to promote family wellbeing. The research team included parents and clinicians from 8 health systems. Participants were 41 diverse parents of children with prenatally diagnosed CHD across the 8 health systems. Qualitative data were collected through online crowdsourcing and quantitative data were collected through electronic surveys to inform intervention co-design. Phases of intervention co-design were: (I) Engage stakeholders in selection of intervention goals/outcomes; (II) Engage stakeholders in selection of intervention elements; (III) Obtain stakeholder input to increase intervention uptake/utility; (IV) Obtain stakeholder input on aspects of intervention design; and (V) Obtain stakeholder input on selection of outcome measures. Parent participants anticipated the resulting intervention, HEARTPrep, would be acceptable, useful, and feasible for parents expecting a baby with CHD. This model of intervention co-design could be used for the development of healthcare interventions across chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Sood
- Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Nemours Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colette Gramszlo
- Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Alejandra Perez Ramirez
- Nemours Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Katherine Braley
- Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children’s Hospital Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Jo Ann Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Allison A Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Nadine Kasparian
- Center for Heart Disease and Mental Health, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah L Kelly
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Cynthia M Ortinau
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erin Riegel
- Parent Research Partner, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | - Anne E Kazak
- Nemours Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Nemours Children’s Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Preston J, Nafria B, Ohmer A, Gaillard S, Dicks P, West L, Turner MA. Developing a More Tailored Approach to Patient and Public Involvement with Children and Families in Pediatric Clinical Research: Lessons Learned. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2022; 56:948-963. [PMID: 35182389 PMCID: PMC8857393 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-022-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Listening to, and acting on, the voices of children and families during clinical research and innovation is fundamental to ensuring enhanced pediatric health care, medicines development, and technological advances. While this is often discussed as an important step in ensuring patient-centered care, involving children and families across the life cycle of clinical research is not currently routine. The pediatric research community needs to address how to meaningfully involve children and families if they are to succeed in designing clinical research that suits the needs of pediatric patients and their families. This paper describes how an international community working under the umbrella International Children’s Advisory Network (iCAN) and European Young Person’s Advisory Group Network (eYPAGnet) has involved children and families in the design and delivery of pediatric clinical research. It offers practical solutions through various case studies assessed against seven patient engagement quality criteria within the Patient Engagement Quality Guidance (PEQG) tool, highlighting some of the lessons learnt from involving and engaging with children and families across different stages of clinical research, including pediatric trials for drug development programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Preston
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Women's and Children's Health, Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute in the Park, University of Liverpool, Alder Hey NHS Children's Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - B Nafria
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Spain and Innovation and Research Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Pg, Santa Rosa 39-57, Sant Joan de Déu, 2, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ohmer
- International Children's Advisory Network, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Gaillard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, EPICIME-CIC 1407 de Lyon, Inserm, CHU-Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
| | - P Dicks
- NHS-NRS Children, NHS Grampian, Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZG, Scotland, UK
| | - L West
- Georgia Institute of Technology, and International Children's Advisory Network, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M A Turner
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Women's and Children's Health, Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Mandoh M, Redfern J, Mihrshahi S, Cheng HL, Phongsavan P, Partridge SR. Shifting From Tokenism to Meaningful Adolescent Participation in Research for Obesity Prevention: A Systematic Scoping Review. Front Public Health 2022; 9:789535. [PMID: 35004591 PMCID: PMC8734426 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.789535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditionally, adolescent participation in research has been tokenistic. Adolescents are rarely afforded the opportunity to influence decision-making in research designed to prevent obesity. Engaging adolescents in meaningful decision-making may enhance research translation. This review aimed to analyze the current modes and nature of adolescent participation in obesity prevention research decision-making. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage framework. Six major databases were searched for peer-reviewed primary research studies with adolescent participation related to obesity, physical activity, and diet. Modes of adolescent participation were categorized based on the Lansdown-UNICEF conceptual framework for measuring outcomes of adolescent participation. The framework outlines three modes of meaningful participation: (i) consultative, which involves taking opinions and needs into consideration; (ii) collaborative, where adolescents are partners in the decision-making process; and (iii) adolescent-led participation where adolescents have the capacity to influence the process and outcomes. The degree of involvement in research cycles was classified based on the National Health and Medical Research Council consumer engagement framework. Five stages of the research cycle were determined: identify, design and develop, conduct, analyze and disseminate. Results: In total, 126 papers describing 71 unique studies were identified. Of these, 69% (49/71) took place in the USA, and 85% (52/61) were conducted in minority or underserved communities, while males were more likely to be under-represented. In 49% (35/71) of studies, participation was consultative and 9% (6/71) of studies involved an adolescent-led approach. Furthermore, 87% (62/71) of studies incorporated adolescent participation in one or more of the research cycle's formative phases, which involve eliciting views, opinions and idea generation. Only 11% of studies engaged adolescents in all five stages of the research cycle where adolescents could have more influence over the research process. Conclusion: Meaningful adolescent participation in the obesity prevention research cycle is limited. Empowering and mobilizing equal partnership with adolescents should be at the forefront of all adolescent-related obesity prevention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Mandoh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie Redfern
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hoi Lun Cheng
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Partridge
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Walsh CM, Jones NL, McCreath GA, Connan V, Pires L, Chen AQH, Karoly A, Macarthur C. Co-development and Usability Testing of Research 101: A Patient-Oriented Research Curriculum in Child Health (PORCCH) E-Learning Module for Patients and Families. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:849959. [PMID: 35874594 PMCID: PMC9297034 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.849959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging patients and families as research partners increases the relevance, quality, and impact of child health research. However, those interested in research engagement may feel underequipped to meaningfully partner. We sought to co-develop an online learning (e-learning) module, "Research 101," to support capacity-development in patient-oriented child health research amongst patients and families. METHODS Module co-development was co-led by a parent and researcher, with guidance from a diverse, multi-stakeholder steering committee. A mixed-methods usability testing approach, with three iterative cycles of semi-structured interviews, observations, and questionnaires, was used to refine and evaluate the e-learning module. Module feedback was collected during testing and a post-module interview, and with the validated System Usability Scale (SUS), and satisfaction, knowledge, and self-efficacy questionnaires. Transcripts and field notes were analyzed through team discussion and thematic coding to inform module revisions. RESULTS Thirty participants fully tested Research 101, and another 15 completed confirmatory usability testing (32 caregivers, 6 patients, and 7 clinician-researchers). Module modifications pertaining to learner-centered design, content, aesthetic design, and learner experience were made in each cycle. SUS scores indicated the overall usability of the final version was "excellent." Participants' knowledge of patient-oriented research and self-efficacy to engage in research improved significantly after completing Research 101 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Co-development and usability testing facilitated the creation of an engaging and effective resource to support the scaling up of patient-oriented child health research capacity. The methods and findings of this study may help guide the integration of co-development and usability testing in creating similar resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine M Walsh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the SickKids Research and Learning Institutes, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and the Wilson Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Graham A McCreath
- SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Veronik Connan
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Pires
- Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Autumn Q H Chen
- SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aliza Karoly
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Macarthur
- SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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36
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Onal B, León MR, Augutis M, Mattacola E, Graham A, Hart K, Kelly E, Scheel-Sailer A, Taylor J. Health and LifeDomain ResearchPriorities in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury: A National Cross-Sectional Survey in England. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2022; 28:91-110. [PMID: 35521061 PMCID: PMC9009198 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Although feedback from people with adult-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) has been considered in developing research programs, little is known about pediatric-onset SCI priorities. Objectives To describe the health and life (H&L) domain research priorities of youth with pediatric-onset SCI living in England. Methods Youth with pediatric-onset SCI (≥6 months) were recruited from five English rehabilitation centers and invited with their parents/caregivers to complete the age-appropriate surveys designed by the Pan-European Paediatric Spinal Cord Injury (PEPSCI) collaboration. Results A total of 73 surveys were received (32 from participants with SCI and 41 from their parents/caregivers), providing information on 47 individuals with SCI: 2- to 7-year-olds (29.8%), 8- to 12-year-olds (19.2%), 13- to 17-year-olds (17.0%), and 18 to 25-year-olds (34.0%). The top three research priorities reported by parents/caregivers of 2- to 12-year-old and 13- to 25-year-olds were pain (81%/89%), physical function (91%/83%) and health care access (78%/78%). Eighty-nine percent of 8- to 12-year-olds emphasized schooling, peer relationships, and general mood as their research priorities. The top three research priorities for Health or Life domains reported by 13- to 25-year-olds included spasms (95%), pain (91%), pressure injuries (91%), health care access (83%), physical function (78%), and daily personal needs (74%). Conclusion Although there should be an emphasis on addressing important life domain issues for 8- to 12-year-olds with SCI, adolescents and young adults mostly prioritized health domain research priorities in addition to health care access. This survey will aid health care and clinical research organizations to engage stakeholders to implement a comprehensive SCI research strategy in England for the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashak Onal
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
,Stoke Mandeville Spinal Research, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
,Buckinghamshire Clinical Commissioning Group, Aylesbury, UK
| | - Marta Ríos León
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Marika Augutis
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily Mattacola
- School of Psychology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| | - Allison Graham
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Kirsten Hart
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Erin Kelly
- American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Julian Taylor
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
,Stoke Mandeville Spinal Research, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK
,Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
,Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Pozniak K, Buchanan F, Cross A, Crowson J, Galuppi B, Grahovac D, Gorter JW, Hlyva O, Ketelaar M, Kraus de Camargo O, Krpan Mesic M, Martens R, McCauley D, Nguyen L, Palisano RJ, Phoenix M, Putterman C, Rosenbaum P, Sprung J, Strohm S, Teplicky R, Thomson D, Wright M. Building a culture of engagement at a research centre for childhood disability. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2021; 7:78. [PMID: 34742354 PMCID: PMC8572501 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-021-00319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging patients and family members as partners in research studies has become a widespread practice in healthcare. However, relatively little has been documented about what happens after the research study ends. For example, is patient and family engagement embedded in the wider infrastructure of organizations, and if so how? What are the long-term effects of engaging parents on research teams on the culture of how research is conducted? This study seeks to address these two gaps by examining how a culture of family engagement has been built over time at CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada. METHODS This study is based on ethnographic research methodology and combines elements of organizational ethnography, interviews, and collaborative auto-ethnography with parent partners, researchers, staff, and trainees. RESULTS Since the inception of CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research at McMaster University in 1989, parents have been involved in research studies. Over time, this involvement evolved from being consulted on research studies to undertaking decision-making roles as partners and most recently as co-principal investigators. A growing infrastructure fosters a community of engagement that goes beyond the individual research study, and often beyond CanChild. This infrastructure consists of training, knowledge mobilization and social networking. In addition, the "softer" building blocks of CanChild's culture of engagement are an openness to learning from others, a commitment to relationship building, and a drive to grow and improve. These values are espoused by the leadership and are instilled in the next generation of researchers to inform both research and clinical work. While some challenges should be acknowledged when researchers and family partners work together on research studies, we identify a number of strategies that we have used in our studies to foster authentic and meaningful family-researcher partnerships. CONCLUSION Engaging patients and families as partners in research constitutes a culture shift in health research, whereby studies about patients and families are carried out with them. Developing a community of engagement that transcends an individual research study is a step towards creating a culture of research that is truly shaped by the people about whom the research is being done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Pozniak
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Francine Buchanan
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Andrea Cross
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crowson
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Down Syndrome Association of Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Barb Galuppi
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Danijela Grahovac
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Oksana Hlyva
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Kraus de Camargo
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Manda Krpan Mesic
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Rachel Martens
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dayle McCauley
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Linda Nguyen
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Robert J. Palisano
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Michelle Phoenix
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Connie Putterman
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jennifer Sprung
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sonya Strohm
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Rachel Teplicky
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Donna Thomson
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Marilyn Wright
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Shahid A, Rosgen BK, Krewulak KD, Lorenzetti DL, Foster N, Sept BG, Leigh JP, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM. Incorporating and evaluating citizen engagement in health research: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:260. [PMID: 34583771 PMCID: PMC8480041 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citizen engagement in research is an emerging practice that involves members of the general public in research processes such as priority setting, planning, decision-making, research conduct, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. Engaging citizens in research, particularly health research, increases the relevance of study findings, minimizes waste by facilitating stewardship over resources, and builds public trust in the research. While several existing frameworks guide the application of citizen engagement principles to health research, it is unclear how citizen engagement can be utilized to maximize benefits and minimize risks and challenges in health research. To address the gaps in knowledge around citizen engagement in health research, we propose a scoping review to synthesize the state of knowledge on methods to incorporate and evaluate citizen engagement in research. A protocol is presented in this manuscript. METHODS The methodology for our scoping review is guided by Arksey and O' Malley's framework for scoping reviews, and additional recommendations by Levac and colleagues. We will include peer-reviewed and gray literature that report on citizen engagement in health research (including biomedical, clinical, health systems and services, and social, cultural, environmental and population health) and report method(s) to conduct, measure, or evaluate citizen engagement. We will systematically search electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, JSTOR, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Science Direct) from inception onwards and search relevant organizations' websites for additional studies, frameworks, and reports on citizen engagement. Title and abstract and full-text citations will be screened independently and in duplicate. Data will be extracted independently and in duplicate, including document characteristics, citizen engagement definitions and goals, and outcomes of citizen engagement (e.g., barriers, facilitators). DISCUSSION This review will synthesize the definitions, goals, methods, outcomes, and significance of citizen engagement in health research, as well as any potential barriers, facilitators, and challenges outlined in existing literature. The findings will provide an evidence-based foundation for developing new or improved guidance for citizen engagement in health research. Overall, we anticipate that our scoping review will be a preliminary step to meaningful engagement of citizens in research and strengthen the relationship between the scientific community and the public through transparency and collaboration. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework https://osf.io/hzcbr .
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Shahid
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada
| | - Brianna K Rosgen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada
| | - Karla D Krewulak
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada
| | - Diane L Lorenzetti
- Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Health Sciences Library, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nadine Foster
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada
| | - Bonnie G Sept
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada.,Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada.,Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Ground Floor, McCaig Tower, 3134 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 5A1, Canada. .,Department of Community Health Science and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Vanderhout SM, Smith M, Pallone N, Tingley K, Pugliese M, Chakraborty P, Stockler S, Offringa M, Butcher N, Nicholls SG, Potter BK. Patient and family engagement in the development of core outcome sets for two rare chronic diseases in children. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2021; 7:66. [PMID: 34521478 PMCID: PMC8439069 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-021-00304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core outcome sets (COS) are lists of consensus-determined outcomes to be measured and reported in all clinical research studies within a disease area. While including patients and families in COS development to improve their relevance and applicability to patient values is key, there is limited literature documenting practical barriers and facilitators to successful patient engagement in COS development. In this paper, as researchers and patient partners, we provide a resource for COS developers to meaningfully and effectively engage patients and families. MAIN BODY To establish a consensus-based COS for children with two inherited metabolic diseases (medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and phenylketonuria), we conducted an evidence review, Delphi survey, and workshop. Two adult patient partner co-investigators co-developed the study protocol, co-designed strategies to address challenges with incorporating patient perspectives, and led all patient engagement activities, including communication with a group of family advisors. Seven adult family advisors received training about COS development and subsequently contributed to Delphi survey development, outcome definitions, the consensus workshop, and selection of outcome measurement instruments. Patient partner co-investigators and family advisors were essential to the successful design, conduct, and completion of the two COS. Patient partner co-investigators supported the understanding, inclusion and engagement of family advisors, and helped develop accessible tools to determine patient-oriented outcome measurement instruments. Patient partner co-investigators and family advisors collaborated with the study team to co-develop surveys, modify technical language, and recruit participants to the study. Together, we addressed challenges to patient engagement in COS development such as unfamiliarity with study methods, comprehensibility of materials and ongoing engagement, and power imbalances between team members. CONCLUSION Our approach to patient and family engagement in COS development for two rare conditions for children was feasible and considered valuable by all study team members, including patients and family members, in improving the relevance of the deliverable to patients. This approach to patient engagement in developing COS can be applied to other paediatric disease contexts, allowing patient and family perspectives to influence the direction of future studies to develop COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley M Vanderhout
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Maureen Smith
- Patient Partner, Canadian Organization for Rare Disorders, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Pallone
- Patient Partner, Director of CanPKU and Parent of a Child with an Inherited Metabolic Disease, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kylie Tingley
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Michael Pugliese
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Pranesh Chakraborty
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 415 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M8, Canada
| | - Sylvia Stockler
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Martin Offringa
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, South 16, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Nancy Butcher
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, South 16, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 250 College St, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Stuart G Nicholls
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Beth K Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada.
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Neill S, Carter R, Jones R, Roland D, Bayes N, Tavaré A, Hughes J, Turner T, Chynoweth J, Tan C, Moll H, Lakhanpaul M. Caring for a sick or injured child during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in 2020 in the UK: An online survey of parents' experiences. Health Expect 2021; 24:2036-2046. [PMID: 34407286 PMCID: PMC8444834 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, the first UK lockdown (March to May 2020) witnessed a dramatic reduction in children presenting to primary/emergency care, creating concern that fear of the virus was resulting in children presenting late. METHODS An online survey was co-developed with UK parents to understand the impact of the lockdown on parents' help-seeking for, and care of, their sick/injured child(ren). The survey was advertised through social media and snowballing to parents whose children had been ill/injured during the lockdown. Analysis used descriptive statistics, SPSSv25 and thematic analysis. RESULTS The survey was fully completed by 198 UK parents. The majority asked for help (144/198): from their family doctor (78), national helplines (48) or an Emergency Department (23). Most reported that their decision-making had not changed, although how they sought help had changed. A few parents reported that the severity and duration of illness had increased because of uncertainty about and/or difficulty accessing services. Parents did not always report seeking help for symptoms rated red or amber by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Parents reported accessing information through the internet or using information that they already had. PARENT CONTRIBUTION This was a collaboration with parents from survey development to dissemination, with two parents being integral members of our research team. CONCLUSIONS Our questionnaire was completed by parents who were not deterred from seeking help for their sick or injured children. Even for these parents, the lockdown changes to services created uncertainty about, and barriers to, accessing medical help for their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Neill
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Rachel Carter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Ray Jones
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Damian Roland
- University Hospitals Leicester and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Natasha Bayes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Society, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK
| | - Alison Tavaré
- West of England Academic Health Science Network, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Tracy Turner
- Acutely Sick Kid Safety Netting Interventions for Families (ASK SNIFF) Parent Panel, Northamptonshire, UK
| | - Jade Chynoweth
- Medical Statistics, Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Chantal Tan
- Erasmus MC-Sophia, Department of General Paediatrics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette Moll
- Erasmus MC-Sophia, Department of General Paediatrics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Lakhanpaul
- Policy & Practice Department, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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Barry E, Walsh JA, Weinrich SL, Beaupre D, Blasi E, Arenson DR, Jacobs IA. Navigating the Regulatory Landscape to Develop Pediatric Oncology Drugs: Expert Opinion Recommendations. Paediatr Drugs 2021; 23:381-394. [PMID: 34173206 PMCID: PMC8275539 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-021-00455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory changes have been enacted in the United States (US) and European Union (EU) to encourage the development of new treatments for pediatric cancer. Here, we review some of the factors that have hampered the development of pediatric cancer treatments and provide a comparison of the US and EU regulations implemented to address this clinical need. We then provide some recommendations for each stage of the oncology drug development pathway to help researchers maximize their chance of successful drug development while complying with regulations. A key recommendation is the engagement of key stakeholders such as regulatory authorities, pediatric oncologists, academic researchers, patient advocacy groups, and a Pediatric Expert Group early in the drug development process. During drug target selection, sponsors are encouraged to consult the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the FDA target list, in addition to relevant US and European consortia that have been established to characterize and prioritize oncology drug targets. Sponsors also need to carefully consider the resourcing requirements for preclinical testing, which include ensuring appropriate access to the most relevant databases, clinical samples, and preclinical models (cell lines and animal models). During clinical development, sponsors can account for the pharmacodynamic (PD)/pharmacokinetic (PK) considerations specific to a pediatric population by developing pediatric formulations, selecting suitable PD endpoints, and employing sparse PK sampling or modeling/simulation of drug exposures where appropriate. Additional clinical considerations include the specific design of the clinical trial, the potential inclusion of children in adult trials, and the value of cooperative group trials.
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Rouncefield-Swales A, Harris J, Carter B, Bray L, Bewley T, Martin R. Children and young people's contributions to public involvement and engagement activities in health-related research: A scoping review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252774. [PMID: 34106978 PMCID: PMC8189547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an increasing interest in how children and young people can be involved in patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in health research. However, relatively little robust evidence exists about which children and young people are reported as being involved or excluded from PPIE; the methods reported as being used to involve them in PPIE; and the reasons presented for their involvement in PPIE and what happens as a result. We performed a scoping review to identify, synthesise and present what is known from the literature about patient and public involvement and engagement activities with children and young people in health related research. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searches in Scopus, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane and PsychInfo databases, and hand checking of reference lists and grey literature. An adapted version of the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP2) was used as a framework to collate the data. Two reviewers independently screened articles and decisions were consensually made. MAIN FINDINGS A total of 9805 references were identified (after duplicates were removed) through the literature search, of which 233 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Forty studies published between 2000 and 2019 were included in the review. The review reveals ambiguities in the quality of reporting of PPIE with children with clear reporting on demographics and health conditions. The review found that children and young people were commonly involved in multiple stages of research but there was also significant variation in the level at which children and young people were involved in PPIE. Evaluation of the impact of children and young people's involvement in PPIE was limited. CONCLUSIONS Consultation, engagement and participation can all offer children and young people worthwhile ways of contributing to research with the level, purpose and impact of involvement determined by the children and young people themselves. However, careful decisions need to be made to ensure that it is suited to the context, setting and focus so that the desired PPIE impacts are achieved. Improvements should be made to the evaluation and reporting of PPIE in research. This will help researchers and funders to better understand the benefits, challenges and impact of PPIE with children and young people on health research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Harris
- Faculty of Health, Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Bernie Carter
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Bray
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Toni Bewley
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Martin
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Gill
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Emma Cartwright
- Patient Editor, The BMJ, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian Medical School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Postma L, Luchtenberg ML, Verhagen AAE, Maeckelberghe ELM. The attitudes of healthy children and researchers towards the challenges of involving children in research: an exploratory study. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2021; 7:30. [PMID: 33990230 PMCID: PMC8120777 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-021-00263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing trend in research is to involve co-researchers. It is referred to as Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) and comprises three groups: the patients, the public, and the researchers. Like in adult public involvement, healthy children can also be considered as 'the public'. Paediatric patients and researchers experienced in conducting child-inclusive research are often asked about their attitudes towards the challenges they encounter. This is not the case for healthy children and researchers without such experience. Our aim was to investigate the attitudes of these children and researchers towards the challenges encountered during child-inclusive research. METHODS This was an exploratory study. We interviewed healthy children and adult researchers without prior experience in child-inclusive research. We recruited the children through a foundation for young researchers and the adult researchers from two hospitals, both in Groningen, the Netherlands. We audio recorded the interviews, and they were transcribed verbatim. We analysed the data using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS We interviewed five adult researchers and seven healthy children, aged 9 to 14 years. Both groups thought that it was best to involve children in paediatric research from as early a stage as possible. The children assumed that no prior training would be needed because they had already been trained at school. The researchers' attitudes varied regarding training children beforehand. Both groups thought that researchers did not need prior training on how to involve children if they worked with children on a daily basis. The children felt that recognition and a modest financial reward was appropriate. Adult researchers were cautious about rewarding the children. They feared it might render the children less intrinsically motivated. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that young and adult researchers have clear attitudes towards the challenges encountered during child-inclusive research. Young researchers could help adult researchers to find solutions to these challenges, even if they have no prior experience in child-inclusive research. Adult researchers who acknowledge the importance of child-inclusive research represent a significant step towards meaningful involvement of children. Our results imply that children could be involved in the decision-making process concerning the challenges encountered in child-inclusive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Postma
- Wenckebach Institute for Education and Training, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Malou L Luchtenberg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A A Eduard Verhagen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Els L M Maeckelberghe
- Wenckebach Institute for Education and Training, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Oulton K, Gibson F, Williams A, Geoghegan S, Aldiss S, Wray J. Supporting families of children with an undiagnosed genetic condition: Using co-design to ensure the right person is in the right post doing the right job. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:300-310. [PMID: 33305423 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Families and professionals caring for a child without a definitive diagnosis face unique challenges, particularly in relation to managing uncertainty; access to healthcare; obtaining relevant information and support; and trying to navigate a healthcare system that is often fragmented. We used co-design to inform the establishment of the first UK specialist nursing post dedicated to working with children with undiagnosed genetic conditions and their families. OBJECTIVES (1) To understand what families and hospital staff want from the service; (2) To understand how the post should be operationalized in practice; (3) To develop the job description and person specification for the postholder. METHODS A range of approaches were used to collect data: interviews (nine parents and 10 hospital staff); a focus group (three parents); a creative workshop (six patients and siblings); and an online forum (81 parents). Data were analyzed using framework and thematic analysis. The strands of data were brought together and reviewed as a whole to formulate the postholder's job description and person specification. RESULTS Stakeholders identified nine key elements to the role which were incorporated into the job description: practical support; point of contact; community liaison; signposting to other services; care coordination; supporting families; advocacy; raising awareness; and emotional support. CONCLUSIONS Highlighted in this paper are the practical aspects of engaging and involving all relevant stakeholders in the process of co-designing a new post and subsequent staff recruitment. The flexibility employed in the setting and methods of data collection were instrumental in ensuring that the views of a diverse range of participants were ascertained. A major consideration is the resources required to undertake co-design, in terms of time and finances. We believe that the resources required for the co-design are offset by the advantages of having the right person in the right post, doing the right job.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Oulton
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Faith Gibson
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Anna Williams
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sophie Geoghegan
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susie Aldiss
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Jo Wray
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Adolescent Participation in Research, Policies and Guidelines for Chronic Disease Prevention: A Scoping Review Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218257. [PMID: 33182256 PMCID: PMC7664940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents (10–24 years old) account for 23% of the global population. Physical inactivity, suboptimal dietary intake, overweight, and obesity during adolescence are risk factors associated with chronic disease development into adulthood. Research, policies, and guidelines that seek to prevent chronic disease risk factor development rarely engage adolescents in planning and decision-making processes. The aims of this review are to investigate (i) how adolescents currently participate in research, policy, and guidelines for reduction of chronic disease risk factors, and (ii) provide recommendations to optimize adolescent participation in future research, policy, and guideline decision making for chronic disease prevention. A systematic scoping review of the health peer-review research, policy, and guidelines, using Arksey and O’Malley’s six-stage framework, will be conducted. Participatory outcomes will be assessed based on the Lansdown-UNICEF conceptual framework for measuring adolescent participation. Classified as consultative, collaborative, or adolescent-led according to the degree of influence and power adolescents possess in the decision- making processes. Consultation with adolescents via digital surveys and focus groups will provide further information, perspective, and insight. Qualitative data will be analyzed by descriptive numerical summary and qualitative content analytical techniques. The title of this protocol is registered with Joanna Briggs Institute and Open Science Framework, doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/E3S64.
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Walker E, Shaw E, Nunns M, Moore D, Thompson Coon J. No evidence synthesis about me without me: Involving young people in the conduct and dissemination of a complex evidence synthesis. Health Expect 2020; 24 Suppl 1:122-133. [PMID: 32510790 PMCID: PMC8137485 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To describe and reflect on the methods and influence of involvement of young people with lived experience within a complex evidence synthesis. Study design and setting Linked syntheses of quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews of evidence about interventions to improve the mental health of children and young people (CYP) with long‐term physical conditions (LTCs). Methods Involvement was led by an experienced patient and public involvement in research lead. Young people with long‐term physical conditions and mental health issues were invited to join a study‐specific Children and Young People's Advisory Group (CYPAG). The CYPAG met face to face on four occasions during the project with individuals continuing to contribute to dissemination following report submission. Results Eight young people joined the CYPAG. Their views and experiences informed (a) a systematic review evaluating the effectiveness of interventions intended to improve the mental health of CYP with LTCs, (b) a systematic review exploring the experiences of interventions intended to improve the mental well‐being of CYP with LTCs and (c) an overarching synthesis. The CYPAG greatly contributed to the team's understanding and appreciation of the wider context of the research. The young people found the experience of involvement empowering and felt they would use the knowledge they had gained about the research process in the future. Conclusion Creating an environment that enabled meaningful engagement between the research team and the CYPAG had a beneficial influence on the young people themselves, as well as on the review process and the interpretation, presentation and dissemination of findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Walker
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Shaw
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael Nunns
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Darren Moore
- Graduate School of Education, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jo Thompson Coon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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