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Zhu CX, Yan K, Chen L, Huang RR, Bian ZH, Wei HR, Gu XM, Zhao YY, Liu MC, Suo CX, Li ZK, Yang ZY, Lu MQ, Hua XF, Li L, Zhao ZB, Sun LC, Zhang HF, Gao P, Lian ZX. Targeting OXCT1-mediated ketone metabolism reprograms macrophages to promote antitumor immunity via CD8 + T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2024; 81:690-703. [PMID: 38759889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The liver is the main organ of ketogenesis, while ketones are mainly metabolized in peripheral tissues via the critical enzyme 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1). We previously found that ketolysis is reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through OXCT1 expression to promote tumor progression; however, whether OXCT1 regulates antitumor immunity remains unclear. METHODS To investigate the expression pattern of OXCT1 in HCC in vivo, we conducted multiplex immunohistochemistry experiments on human HCC specimens. To explore the role of OXCT1 in mouse HCC tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), we generated LysMcreOXCT1f/f (OXCT1 conditional knockout in macrophages) mice. RESULTS Here, we found that inhibiting OXCT1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages reduced CD8+ T-cell exhaustion through the succinate-H3K4me3-Arg1 axis. Initially, we found that OXCT1 was highly expressed in liver macrophages under steady state and that OXCT expression was further increased in TAMs. OXCT1 deficiency in macrophages suppressed tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward an antitumor phenotype, reducing CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and increasing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, high OXCT1 expression induced the accumulation of succinate, a byproduct of ketolysis, in TAMs, which promoted Arg1 transcription by increasing the H3K4me3 level in the Arg1 promoter. In addition, pimozide, an inhibitor of OXCT1, suppressed Arg1 expression as well as TAM polarization toward the protumor phenotype, leading to decreased CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and slower tumor growth. Finally, high expression of OXCT1 in macrophages was positively associated with poor survival in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrate that OXCT1 epigenetically suppresses antitumor immunity, suggesting that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS The intricate metabolism of liver macrophages plays a critical role in shaping hepatocellular carcinoma progression and immune modulation. Targeting macrophage metabolism to counteract immune suppression presents a promising avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Herein, we found that the ketogenesis gene OXCT1 was highly expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promoted tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward a protumor phenotype. Pharmacological targeting or genetic downregulation of OXCT1 in TAMs enhances antitumor immunity and slows tumor growth. Our results suggest that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xu Zhu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ran Wei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Mei Gu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Meng-Chu Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Xia Suo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Qiang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chong Sun
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Feng Zhang
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Nicolini A, Ferrari P. Involvement of tumor immune microenvironment metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer progression, immune escape, and response to immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1353787. [PMID: 39119332 PMCID: PMC11306065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a k`ey hallmark of tumors, developed in response to hypoxia and nutrient deficiency during tumor progression. In both cancer and immune cells, there is a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to aerobic glycolysis, also known as the Warburg effect, which then leads to lactate acidification, increased lipid synthesis, and glutaminolysis. This reprogramming facilitates tumor immune evasion and, within the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer and immune cells collaborate to create a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The growing interest in the metabolic reprogramming of the TME, particularly its significance in colorectal cancer (CRC)-one of the most prevalent cancers-has prompted us to explore this topic. CRC exhibits abnormal glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and increased lipid synthesis. Acidosis in CRC cells hampers the activity of anti-tumor immune cells and inhibits the phagocytosis of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), while nutrient deficiency promotes the development of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2-like macrophages. In CRC cells, activation of G-protein coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) signaling leads to overexpression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and reduces the antigen presentation capability of dendritic cells. Moreover, the genetic and epigenetic cell phenotype, along with the microbiota, significantly influence CRC metabolic reprogramming. Activating RAS mutations and overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occur in approximately 50% and 80% of patients, respectively, stimulating glycolysis and increasing levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and MYC proteins. Certain bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which activate CD8+ cells and genes involved in antigen processing and presentation, while other mechanisms support pro-tumor activities. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in selected CRC patients has shown promise, and the combination of these with drugs that inhibit aerobic glycolysis is currently being intensively researched to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Unit of Oncology, Department of Medical and Oncological Area, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
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Meng T, He D, Han Z, Shi R, Wang Y, Ren B, Zhang C, Mao Z, Luo G, Deng J. Nanomaterial-Based Repurposing of Macrophage Metabolism and Its Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:246. [PMID: 39007981 PMCID: PMC11250772 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage immunotherapy represents an emerging therapeutic approach aimed at modulating the immune response to alleviate disease symptoms. Nanomaterials (NMs) have been engineered to monitor macrophage metabolism, enabling the evaluation of disease progression and the replication of intricate physiological signal patterns. They achieve this either directly or by delivering regulatory signals, thereby mapping phenotype to effector functions through metabolic repurposing to customize macrophage fate for therapy. However, a comprehensive summary regarding NM-mediated macrophage visualization and coordinated metabolic rewiring to maintain phenotypic equilibrium is currently lacking. This review aims to address this gap by outlining recent advancements in NM-based metabolic immunotherapy. We initially explore the relationship between metabolism, polarization, and disease, before delving into recent NM innovations that visualize macrophage activity to elucidate disease onset and fine-tune its fate through metabolic remodeling for macrophage-centered immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the prospects and challenges of NM-mediated metabolic immunotherapy, aiming to accelerate clinical translation. We anticipate that this review will serve as a valuable reference for researchers seeking to leverage novel metabolic intervention-matched immunomodulators in macrophages or other fields of immune engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Meng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Danfeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuolei Han
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Shi
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bibo Ren
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Ammarah U, Pereira‐Nunes A, Delfini M, Mazzone M. From monocyte-derived macrophages to resident macrophages-how metabolism leads their way in cancer. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1739-1758. [PMID: 38411356 PMCID: PMC11223613 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells that play key roles during both homeostasis and disease. Depending on the microenvironmental cues sensed in different tissues, macrophages are known to acquire specific phenotypes and exhibit unique features that, ultimately, orchestrate tissue homeostasis, defense, and repair. Within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and constitute a heterogeneous population. Like their tissue resident counterpart, TAMs are plastic and can switch function and phenotype according to the niche-derived stimuli sensed. While changes in TAM phenotype are known to be accompanied by adaptive alterations in their cell metabolism, it is reported that metabolic reprogramming of macrophages can dictate their activation state and function. In line with these observations, recent research efforts have been focused on defining the metabolic traits of TAM subsets in different tumor malignancies and understanding their role in cancer progression and metastasis formation. This knowledge will pave the way to novel therapeutic strategies tailored to cancer subtype-specific metabolic landscapes. This review outlines the metabolic characteristics of distinct TAM subsets and their implications in tumorigenesis across multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummi Ammarah
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology CentreUniversity of TorinoItaly
| | - Andreia Pereira‐Nunes
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
- ICVS/3B's‐PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga/GuimarãesPortugal
| | - Marcello Delfini
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer BiologyVIBLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer BiologyKU LeuvenBelgium
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Asahina R, Takahashi M, Takano H, Yao R, Abe M, Goshima Y, Ohshima T. The role of CRMP4 in LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Brain Res 2024:149094. [PMID: 38914219 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been gaining attention as one of the potential causes of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in recent years. The suppression of excessive proinflammatory responses is expected to be a target for the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) is involved in cytoskeleton-associated axonal guidance in the developing brain. Recently, the involvement of CRMP4 in several pathological conditions, including inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a widely used inflammatory molecule, has been reported. However, the role of CRMP4 in LPS-induced inflammation in vivo remains largely unknown. In this study, we generated microglia-specific CRMP4 knockout mice for the first time and examined the role of CRMP4 in an LPS-induced brain inflammation model. We found that microglia after LPS injection in substantia nigra was significantly reduced in Crmp4-/- mice compared to Crmp4+/+mice. The increased expression of IL-10 in striatum samples was downregulated in Crmp4-/- mice. A significant reduction in Iba1 expression was also observed in microglia-specific Crmp4 knockout mice compared with that in control mice. In contrast, the expression of IL-10 did not change in these mice, whereas arginase 1 (Arg1) expression was significantly suppressed. These results demonstrate the involvement of CRMP4 in LPS-induced inflammation in vivo, that CRMP4 suppresses microglial proliferation in a cell-autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Asahina
- Departent of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Japan
| | - Miyuki Takahashi
- Departent of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, The Cancer Institute of JFCR, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, The Cancer Institute of JFCR, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Departent of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Japan.
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6
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Pisani DF, Lettieri-Barbato D, Ivanov S. Polyamine metabolism in macrophage-adipose tissue function and homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00126-7. [PMID: 38897879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular metabolism is a crucial regulator of macrophage function. Recent evidence revealed that the polyamine pathway and subsequent hypusination of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) are master regulators of immune cell functions. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), macrophages show an impressive degree of heterogenicity, with specific subsets supporting adaptive thermogenesis during cold exposure. In this review, we discuss the impact of polyamine metabolism on macrophage diversity and function, with a particular focus on their role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Thus, we highlight the exploration of how polyamine metabolism in macrophages contributes to BAT homeostasis as an attractive and exciting new field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy.
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Bui I, Bonavida B. Polarization of M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Immunotherapy. Crit Rev Oncog 2024; 29:75-95. [PMID: 38989739 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2024053830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
We have witnessed in the last decade new milestones in the treatment of various resistant cancers with new immunotherapeutic modalities. These advances have resulted in significant objective durable clinical responses in a subset of cancer patients. These findings strongly suggested that immunotherapy should be considered for the treatment of all subsets of cancer patients. Accordingly, the mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy must be explored and develop new means to target these resistant factors. One of the pivotal resistance mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the high infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that are highly immunosuppressive and responsible, in large part, of cancer immune evasion. Thus, various approaches have been investigated to target the TAMs to restore the anti-tumor immune response. One approach is to polarize the M2 TAMS to the M1 phenotype that participates in the activation of the anti-tumor response. In this review, we discuss the various and differential properties of the M1 and M2 phenotypes, the molecular signaling pathways that participate in the polarization, and various approaches used to target the polarization of the M2 TAMs into the M1 anti-tumor phenotype. These approaches include inhibitors of histone deacetylases, PI3K inhibitors, STAT3 inhibitors, TLR agonists, and metabolic reprogramming. Clearly, due to the distinct features of various cancers and their heterogeneities, a single approach outlined above might only be effective against some cancers and not others. In addition, targeting by itself may not be efficacious unless used in combination with other therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indy Bui
- University of California Los Angeles
| | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025-1747, USA
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8
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Satzinger S, Willenborg S, Ding X, Klose CSN, Radtke D, Voehringer D, Eming SA. Type 2 Immunity Regulates Dermal White Adipose Tissue Function. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2456-2467.e5. [PMID: 37295491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses have been increasingly linked with tissue maintenance, regeneration, and metabolic homeostasis. The molecular basis of regulator and effector mechanisms of type 2 immunity in skin regeneration and homeostasis is still lacking. In this study, we analyzed the role of IL-4Rα signaling in the regeneration of diverse cellular compartments in the skin. Mutants with global IL-4Rα deficiency showed two major phenotypes: first, a pronounced atrophy of the interfollicular epidermis, and second, a significant increase in dermal white adipose tissue thickness in mice aged 3 weeks (postnatal day 21) compared with littermate controls. Notably, IL-4Rα deficiency decreased the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase, a rate-limiting step in lipolysis. Immunohistochemical and FACS analysis in IL-4/enhanced GFP reporter mice showed that IL-4 expression peaked on postnatal day 21 and that eosinophils are the predominant IL-4-expressing cells. Eosinophil-deficient mice recapitulated the lipolytic-defective dermal white adipose tissue phenotype of Il4ra-deficient mice, showing that eosinophils are necessary for dermal white adipose tissue lipolysis. Collectively, we provide mechanistic insights into the regulation of interfollicular epidermis and hormone-sensitive lipase-mediated lipolysis in dermal white adipose tissue in early life by IL-4Rα, and our findings show that eosinophils play a critical role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolei Ding
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christoph S N Klose
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Radtke
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine A Eming
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology Unit, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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9
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Van den Bossche J. Colonic macrophages eat and feed. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1847-1848. [PMID: 37939654 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages not only secure host defense via phagocytosis but also play a key role in tissue homeostasis. A comprehensive study by Fritsch et al. reveals a novel mechanism by which macrophages in the colon deliver polyamines to epithelial cells to support self-renewal of the epithelium during periods of high proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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10
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Lee HY, You DJ, Taylor-Just A, Tisch LJ, Bartone RD, Atkins HM, Ralph LM, Antoniak S, Bonner JC. Role of the protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) in the exacerbation of house dust mite-induced murine allergic lung disease by multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:32. [PMID: 37580758 PMCID: PMC10424461 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been reported to exert strong pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic adjuvant effects in mouse models of allergic lung disease. However, the molecular mechanisms through which MWCNTs exacerbate allergen-induced lung disease remain to be elucidated. We hypothesized that protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G-protein coupled receptor previously implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases including pulmonary fibrosis and asthma, may play an important role in the exacerbation of house dust mite (HDM) allergen-induced lung disease by MWCNTs. METHODS Wildtype (WT) male C57BL6 mice and Par2 KO mice were exposed to vehicle, MWCNTs, HDM extract, or both via oropharyngeal aspiration 6 times over a period of 3 weeks and were sacrificed 3-days after the final exposure (day 22). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was harvested to measure changes in inflammatory cells, total protein, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Lung protein and RNA were assayed for pro-inflammatory or profibrotic mediators, and formalin-fixed lung sections were evaluated for histopathology. RESULTS In both WT and Par2 KO mice, co-exposure to MWCNTs synergistically increased lung inflammation assessed by histopathology, and increased BALF cellularity, primarily eosinophils, as well as BALF total protein and LDH in the presence of relatively low doses of HDM extract that alone produced little, if any, lung inflammation. In addition, both WT and par2 KO mice displayed a similar increase in lung Cc1-11 mRNA, which encodes the eosinophil chemokine CCL-11, after co-exposure to MWCNTs and HDM extract. However, Par2 KO mice displayed significantly less airway fibrosis as determined by quantitative morphometry compared to WT mice after co-exposure to MWCNTs and HDM extract. Accordingly, at both protein and mRNA levels, the pro-fibrotic mediator arginase 1 (ARG-1), was downregulated in Par2 KO mice exposed to MWCNTs and HDM. In contrast, phosphorylation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB and the pro-inflammatory cytokine CXCL-1 was increased in Par2 KO mice exposed to MWCNTs and HDM. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that PAR2 mediates airway fibrosis but not eosinophilic lung inflammation induced by co-exposure to MWCNTs and HDM allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Lee
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Dorothy J You
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alexia Taylor-Just
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Logan J Tisch
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ryan D Bartone
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hannah M Atkins
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lauren M Ralph
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Silvio Antoniak
- UNC Blood Research Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James C Bonner
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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11
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Kumar V, Stewart JH. Immunometabolic reprogramming, another cancer hallmark. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125874. [PMID: 37275901 PMCID: PMC10235624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth signals, (2) the emergence of clones that are resistant to apoptosis, (3) resistance to the antigrowth signals, (4) neo-angiogenesis, (5) the invasion of normal tissue or spread to the distant organs, and (6) limitless replicative potential. It also appears that non-resolving inflammation leads to the dysregulation of immune cell metabolism and subsequent cancer progression. The present article delineates immunometabolic reprogramming as a critical hallmark of cancer by linking chronic inflammation and immunosuppression to cancer growth and metastasis. We propose that targeting tumor immunometabolic reprogramming will lead to the design of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - John H. Stewart
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
- Louisiana State University- Louisiana Children’s Medical Center, Stanley S. Scott, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
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12
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Characterization of Biological Properties of Individual Phenolamides and Phenolamide-Enriched Leaf Tomato Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041552. [PMID: 36838541 PMCID: PMC9966281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to conventional treatments renders urgent the discovery of new therapeutic molecules. Plant specialized metabolites such as phenolamides, a subclass of phenolic compounds, whose accumulation in tomato plants is mediated by the biotic and abiotic environment, constitute a source of natural molecules endowed with potential antioxidant, antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether three major phenolamides found in Tuta absoluta-infested tomato leaves exhibit antimicrobial, cytotoxic and/or anti-inflammatory properties. One of them, N1,N5,N14-tris(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermine, was specifically synthesized for this study. The three phenolamides showed low to moderate antibacterial activities but were able to counteract the LPS pro-inflammatory effect on THP-1 cells differentiated into macrophages. Extracts made from healthy but not T. absoluta-infested tomato leaf extracts were also able to reduce inflammation using the same cellular approach. Taken together, these results show that phenolamides from tomato leaves could be interesting alternatives to conventional drugs.
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13
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Wang Y, Wang D, Yang L, Zhang Y. Metabolic reprogramming in the immunosuppression of tumor-associated macrophages. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2405-2416. [PMID: 36385099 PMCID: PMC9945195 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an essential proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have immunosuppressive functions. The high plasticity and corresponding phenotypic transformation of TAMs facilitate oncogenesis and progression, and suppress antineoplastic responses. Due to the uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells, metabolism homeostasis is regulated, leading to a series of alterations in the metabolite profiles in the TME, which have a commensurate influence on immune cells. Metabolic reprogramming of the TME has a profound impact on the polarization and function of TAMs, and can alter their metabolic profiles. TAMs undergo a series of metabolic reprogramming processes, involving glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, which terminally promote the development of the immunosuppressive phenotype. TAMs express a pro-tumor phenotype by increasing glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, cholesterol efflux, and arginine, tryptophan, glutamate, and glutamine metabolism. Previous studies on the metabolism of TAMs demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming has intimate crosstalk with anti-tumor or pro-tumor phenotypes and is crucial for the function of TAMs themselves. Targeting metabolism-related pathways is emerging as a promising therapeutic modality because of the massive metabolic remodeling that occurs in malignant cells and TAMs. Evidence reveals that the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors is improved when combined with therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism-related pathways. In-depth research on metabolic reprogramming and potential therapeutic targets provides more options for anti-tumor treatment and creates new directions for the development of new immunotherapy methods. In this review, we elucidate the metabolic reprogramming of TAMs and explore how they sustain immunosuppressive phenotypes to provide a perspective for potential metabolic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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14
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Lian J, Liang Y, Zhang H, Lan M, Ye Z, Lin B, Qiu X, Zeng J. The role of polyamine metabolism in remodeling immune responses and blocking therapy within the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:912279. [PMID: 36119047 PMCID: PMC9479087 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.912279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of metabolism provides important information for understanding the biological basis of cancer cells and the defects of cancer treatment. Disorders of polyamine metabolism is a common metabolic change in cancer. With the deepening of understanding of polyamine metabolism, including molecular functions and changes in cancer, polyamine metabolism as a new anti-cancer strategy has become the focus of attention. There are many kinds of polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors and transport inhibitors, but not many drugs have been put into clinical application. Recent evidence shows that polyamine metabolism plays essential roles in remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), particularly treatment of DFMO, an inhibitor of ODC, alters the immune cell population in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor immunosuppression is a major problem in cancer treatment. More and more studies have shown that the immunosuppressive effect of polyamines can help cancer cells to evade immune surveillance and promote tumor development and progression. Therefore, targeting polyamine metabolic pathways is expected to become a new avenue for immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachun Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanfang Liang
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Minsheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Metabolite Analysis Engineering Technology Center of Cells for Medical Use, Guangdong Xinghai Institute of Cell, Dongguan, China
| | - Bihua Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xianxiu Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Metabolite Analysis Engineering Technology Center of Cells for Medical Use, Guangdong Xinghai Institute of Cell, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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15
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhou X. Lactylation, an emerging hallmark of metabolic reprogramming: Current progress and open challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:972020. [PMID: 36092712 PMCID: PMC9462419 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.972020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate, the end product of glycolysis, efficiently functions as the carbon source, signaling molecules and immune regulators. Lactylation, being regulated by lactate, has recently been confirmed as a novel contributor to epigenetic landscape, not only opening a new era for in-depth exploration of lactate metabolism but also offering key breakpoints for further functional and mechanistic research. Several studies have identified the pivotal role of protein lactylation in cell fate determination, embryonic development, inflammation, cancer, and neuropsychiatric disorders. This review summarized recent advances with respect to the discovery, the derivation, the cross-species landscape, and the diverse functions of lactylation. Further, we thoroughly discussed the discrepancies and limitations in available studies, providing optimal perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Xin Zhou,
| | - Xin Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Cancer Research Institute of Jilin University, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Xin Zhou,
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16
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Heuser SK, LoBue A, Li J, Zhuge Z, Leo F, Suvorava T, Olsson A, Schneckmann R, Guimaraes Braga DD, Srivrastava T, Montero L, Schmitz OJ, Schmitt JP, Grandoch M, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Pernow J, Kelm M, Carlström M, Cortese-Krott MM. Downregulation of eNOS and preserved endothelial function in endothelial-specific arginase 1-deficient mice. Nitric Oxide 2022; 125-126:69-77. [PMID: 35752264 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Arginase 1 (Arg1) is a ubiquitous enzyme belonging to the urea cycle that catalyzes the conversion of l-arginine into l-ornithine and urea. In endothelial cells (ECs), Arg1 was proposed to limit the availability of l-arginine for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and thereby reduce nitric oxide (NO) production, thus promoting endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. The role of EC Arg1 under homeostatic conditions is in vivo less understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of EC Arg1 on the regulation of eNOS, vascular tone, and endothelial function under normal homeostatic conditions in vivo and ex vivo. By using a tamoxifen-inducible EC-specific gene-targeting approach, we generated EC Arg1 KO mice. Efficiency and specificity of the gene targeting strategy was demonstrated by DNA recombination and loss of Arg1 expression measured after tamoxifen treatment in EC only. In EC Arg1 KO mice we found a significant decrease in Arg1 expression in heart and lung ECs and in the aorta, however, vascular enzymatic activity was preserved likely due to the presence of high levels of Arg1 in smooth muscle cells. Moreover, we found a downregulation of eNOS expression in the aorta, and a fully preserved systemic l-arginine and NO bioavailability, as demonstrated by the levels of l-arginine, l-ornithine, and l-citrulline as well as nitrite, nitrate, and nitroso-species. Lung and liver tissues from EC Arg1 KO mice showed respectively increase or decrease in nitrosyl-heme species, indicating that the lack of endothelial Arg1 affects NO bioavailability in these organs. In addition, EC Arg1 KO mice showed fully preserved acetylcholine-mediated vascular relaxation in both conductance and resistant vessels but increased phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure and cardiac performance in EC Arg1 KO mice were not different from the wild-type littermate controls. In conclusion, under normal homeostatic conditions, lack of EC Arg1 expression is associated with a down-regulation of eNOS expression but a preserved NO bioavailability and vascular endothelial function. These results suggest that a cross-talk exists between Arg1 and eNOS to control NO production in ECs, which depends on both L-Arg availability and EC Arg1-dependent eNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia K Heuser
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anthea LoBue
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Junjie Li
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhengbing Zhuge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Leo
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Suvorava
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Annika Olsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebekka Schneckmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | | | - Tanu Srivrastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Lidia Montero
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim P Schmitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany
| | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mattias Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam M Cortese-Krott
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Sternberg Z, Podolsky R, Nir A, Yu J, Nir R, Halvorsen SW, Quinn JF, Kaye J, Kolb C. Elevated spermidine serum levels in mild cognitive impairment, a potential biomarker of progression to Alzheimer dementia, a pilot study. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 100:169-174. [PMID: 35487023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There is a close link between iron and polyamine biosynthesis and metabolism. In a recent study, we reported alterations in the serum levels of hepcidin and other iron-related proteins in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (Sternberg et al., 2017). Based on these findings, this pilot study compared serum levels of one of the polyamines, Spermidine, between AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and control subjects, correlating the levels with the existing clinical and neuroimaging data. METHODS This cross-sectional study measured Spermidine levels in frozen serum samples of 43 AD patients, 12 MCI patients, and 21 age-matched controls, provided by the Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Center Bio-repository, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS MCI patients showed significantly higher mean Spermidine serum levels compared to controls (P = 0.01), with a non-significant trend for higher Spermidine serum levels in pure AD (P = 0.08) participants compared to controls. Spermidine serum levels correlated with the values of cognitive assessment tests including MMSE (r = -0.705, P = 0.003), CDR (r = 0.751, P = 0.002), and CDR-SOB (r = 0.704, P = 0.007), in "pure" AD subgroup, suggesting that higher Spermidine serum levels in MCI can be a potential biomarker of conversion to dementia in subjects with AD underlying pathology. Furthermore, Spermidine serum levels correlated with serum levels of the chief iron regulatory protein, hepcidin in AD participants with a more advanced disease stage, indicated by MMSE (strata of 8-19, P = 0.02), and CDR-SOB (strata of 6-12, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Studies with larger cohort are warranted for defining the role of Spermidine in AD pathophysiology, and the utility of polyamines as biomarkers of progression of MCI to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohara Sternberg
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Buffalo Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Rebecca Podolsky
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Buffalo Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Jihnhee Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Stanley W Halvorsen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kaye
- Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Channa Kolb
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Buffalo Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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18
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Bunch KL, Abdelrahman AA, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema: A Pathophysiologic Perspective. Front Physiol 2022; 13:831616. [PMID: 35250632 PMCID: PMC8894892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.831616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are retinal complications of diabetes that can lead to loss of vision and impaired quality of life. The current gold standard therapies for treatment of DR and DME focus on advanced disease, are invasive, expensive, and can trigger adverse side-effects, necessitating the development of more effective, affordable, and accessible therapies that can target early stage disease. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of DR is complex and multifactorial, involving the interplay between the effects of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypoxia, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the promotion of neurovascular dysfunction and immune cell polarization to a proinflammatory state. The pathophysiology of DR provides several therapeutic targets that have the potential to attenuate disease progression. Current novel DR and DME therapies under investigation include erythropoietin-derived peptides, inducers of antioxidant gene expression, activators of nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling pathways, and manipulation of arginase activity. This review aims to aid understanding of DR and DME pathophysiology and explore novel therapies that capitalize on our knowledge of these diabetic retinal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine L. Bunch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ammar A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ruth B. Caldwell
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - R. William Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: R. William Caldwell,
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19
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The Metabolic Features of Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Opportunities for Immunotherapy? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2021:5523055. [PMID: 34476174 PMCID: PMC8407977 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5523055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Besides transformed cells, the tumors are composed of various cell types that contribute to undesirable tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Within the TME, TAMs exhibit high plasticity and undergo specific functional metabolic alterations according to the availability of tumor tissue oxygen and nutrients, thus further contributing to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Here, we review the main functional TAM metabolic patterns influenced by TME, including glycolysis, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism. Moreover, this review discusses antitumor immunotherapies that affect TAM functionality by inducing cell repolarizing and metabolic profiles towards an antitumoral phenotype. Also, new macrophage-based cell therapeutic technologies recently developed using chimeric antigen receptor bioengineering are exposed, which may overcome all solid tumor physical barriers impeding the current adoptive cell therapies and contribute to developing novel cancer immunotherapies.
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20
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Tans R, Dey S, Dey NS, Calder G, O’Toole P, Kaye PM, Heeren RMA. Spatially Resolved Immunometabolism to Understand Infectious Disease Progression. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:709728. [PMID: 34489899 PMCID: PMC8418271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases, including those of viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic origin are often characterized by focal inflammation occurring in one or more distinct tissues. Tissue-specific outcomes of infection are also evident in many infectious diseases, suggesting that the local microenvironment may instruct complex and diverse innate and adaptive cellular responses resulting in locally distinct molecular signatures. In turn, these molecular signatures may both drive and be responsive to local metabolic changes in immune as well as non-immune cells, ultimately shaping the outcome of infection. Given the spatial complexity of immune and inflammatory responses during infection, it is evident that understanding the spatial organization of transcripts, proteins, lipids, and metabolites is pivotal to delineating the underlying regulation of local immunity. Molecular imaging techniques like mass spectrometry imaging and spatially resolved, highly multiplexed immunohistochemistry and transcriptomics can define detailed metabolic signatures at the microenvironmental level. Moreover, a successful complementation of these two imaging techniques would allow multi-omics analyses of inflammatory microenvironments to facilitate understanding of disease pathogenesis and identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe strategies for downstream data analysis of spatially resolved multi-omics data and, using leishmaniasis as an exemplar, describe how such analysis can be applied in a disease-specific context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel Tans
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Shoumit Dey
- Hull York Medical School, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Nidhi Sharma Dey
- Hull York Medical School, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Grant Calder
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Peter O’Toole
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Kaye
- Hull York Medical School, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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21
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Yuan H, Wu SX, Zhou YF, Peng F. Spermidine Inhibits Joints Inflammation and Macrophage Activation in Mice with Collagen-Induced Arthritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2713-2721. [PMID: 34194234 PMCID: PMC8238551 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s313179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Spermidine (SPD) is a naturally occurring polyamine. In this study, we examined the role and possible mechanism of SPD in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Materials and Methods CIA mice were intraperitoneally injected with SPD (2 and 50 mg/kg), dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg), or saline daily for 21 days. The severity of the disease and inflammatory responses in the serum and joint tissue were assessed through macroscopic, immunohistochemical, and histological analyses. Results Macroscopic and histological results indicated that SPD protected against the development of CIA. SPD suppressed the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β and increased the levels of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in the serum. Immunohistochemical staining showed that 50 mg/kg SPD inhibited iNOS expression in synovial macrophages in the ankle joints of CIA mice. Conclusion These results suggest that SPD may protect CIA mice by inhibiting the polarization of M1 macrophages in the synovial tissue, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and promoting anti-inflammatory factor release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhou
- Operating Room, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
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22
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de Goede KE, Verberk SGS, Baardman J, Harber KJ, van Kooyk Y, de Winther MPJ, Schetters STT, Van den Bossche J. Myeloid-Specific Acly Deletion Alters Macrophage Phenotype In Vitro and In Vivo without Affecting Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123054. [PMID: 34205266 PMCID: PMC8235155 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on ATP-citrate lyase (Acly)-derived acetyl-CoA for lipid biogenesis and proliferation, marking Acly as a promising therapeutic target. However, inhibitors may have side effects on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are innate immune cells abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play central roles in tumorigenesis, progression and therapy response. Since macrophage Acly deletion was previously shown to elicit macrophages with increased pro- and decreased anti-inflammatory responses in vitro, we hypothesized that Acly targeting may elicit anti-tumor responses in macrophages, whilst inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Here, we used a myeloid-specific knockout model to validate that absence of Acly decreases IL-4-induced macrophage activation. Using two distinct tumor models, we demonstrate that Acly deletion slightly alters tumor immune composition and TAM phenotype in a tumor type-dependent manner without affecting tumor growth. Together, our results indicate that targeting Acly in macrophages does not have detrimental effects on myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra E. de Goede
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
| | - Sanne G. S. Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
| | - Jeroen Baardman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.B.); (M.P.J.d.W.)
| | - Karl J. Harber
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.B.); (M.P.J.d.W.)
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
| | - Menno P. J. de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.B.); (M.P.J.d.W.)
| | - Sjoerd T. T. Schetters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (K.J.H.); (Y.v.K.); (S.T.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Nakamura A, Kurihara S, Takahashi D, Ohashi W, Nakamura Y, Kimura S, Onuki M, Kume A, Sasazawa Y, Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, Saiki S, Matsumoto M, Hase K. Symbiotic polyamine metabolism regulates epithelial proliferation and macrophage differentiation in the colon. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2105. [PMID: 33833232 PMCID: PMC8032791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites have biological importance for the host. Polyamines, such as putrescine and spermidine, are produced by the intestinal microbiota and regulate multiple biological processes. Increased colonic luminal polyamines promote longevity in mice. However, no direct evidence has shown that microbial polyamines are incorporated into host cells to regulate cellular responses. Here, we show that microbial polyamines reinforce colonic epithelial proliferation and regulate macrophage differentiation. Colonisation by wild-type, but not polyamine biosynthesis-deficient, Escherichia coli in germ-free mice raises intracellular polyamine levels in colonocytes, accelerating epithelial renewal. Commensal bacterium-derived putrescine increases the abundance of anti-inflammatory macrophages in the colon. The bacterial polyamines ameliorate symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. These effects mainly result from enhanced hypusination of eukaryotic initiation translation factor. We conclude that bacterial putrescine functions as a substrate for symbiotic metabolism and is further absorbed and metabolised by the host, thus helping maintain mucosal homoeostasis in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuo Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakana Ohashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Onuki
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Kume
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sasazawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Saiki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Matsumoto
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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24
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Han C, Zhang C, Wang H, Zhao L. Exosome-mediated communication between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages: implications for tumor microenvironment. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1887552. [PMID: 33680573 PMCID: PMC7901554 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1887552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released from numerous types of cells that are involved in multiple tumors development. Exosomes contribute to the modulation of tumor microenvironment (TME) through intercellular communication. As essential immune stromal cells in the TME, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) participate in tumor development by mediating angiogenesis, metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune escape. Due to communication with multiple cells in the TME, they exhibit plasticity and heterogeneity during the progress of polarization from monocytes to macrophages. Previous studies suggest that targeting TAMs is a promising therapeutic strategy; however, the detailed mechanism by which TAMs regulate tumor development still remains unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of exosomes as messengers in the communication between tumor cells and polarization of TAMs; we also describe the effects of their interaction on tumor development. Finally, we comprehensively discussed the potential application of exosomes as the promising tumor immunotherapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Han
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hengxiao Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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25
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Kieler M, Hofmann M, Schabbauer G. More than just protein building blocks: how amino acids and related metabolic pathways fuel macrophage polarization. FEBS J 2021; 288:3694-3714. [PMID: 33460504 PMCID: PMC8359336 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages represent the first line of defence in innate immune responses and additionally serve important functions for the regulation of host inflammation and tissue homeostasis. The M1/M2 model describes the two extremes of macrophage polarization states, which can be induced by multiple stimuli, most notably by LPS/IFN‐γ and IL‐4/IL‐13. Historically, the expression of two genes encoding for enzymes, which use the same amino acid as their substrate, iNOS and ARG1, has been used to define classically activated M1 (iNOS) and alternatively activated M2 (ARG1) macrophages. This ‘arginine dichotomy’ has recently become a matter of debate; however, in parallel with the emerging field of immunometabolism there is accumulating evidence that these two enzymes and their related metabolites are fundamentally involved in the intrinsic regulation of macrophage polarization and function. The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances in macrophage biology and immunometabolism with a specific focus on amino acid metabolism and their related metabolic pathways: iNOS/ARG1 (arginine), TCA cycle and OXPHOS (glutamine) as well as the one‐carbon metabolism (serine, glycine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kieler
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Hofmann
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Schabbauer
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Alexander ET, El Naggar O, Fahey E, Mariner K, Donnelly J, Wolfgang K, Phanstiel O, Gilmour SK. Harnessing the polyamine transport system to treat BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:225-237. [PMID: 33602034 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1883185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF mutations are present in over half of all melanoma tumors. Although BRAF inhibitors significantly improve survival of patients with metastatic melanoma, recurrences occur within several months. We previously reported that BRAF mutant melanoma cells are more sensitive to a novel arylmethyl-polyamine (AP) compound that exploits their increased polyamine uptake compared to that of BRAF wildtype cells. Using an animal model of BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma, we show that co-treatment with the BRAF inhibitor, PLX4720, and AP significantly delays the recurrence of PLX4720-resistant melanoma tumors and decreases tumor-promoting macrophages. Development of BRAF inhibitor-resistance enriches for metastatic cancer stem cells (CSC) and increases tumor-promoting macrophages. In vitro studies demonstrated that CD304+, CXCR4+ spheroid cultures of BRAF mutant melanoma cells are resistant to PLX4720 but are more sensitive to AP compared to monolayer cultures of the same cells. AP significantly inhibited YUMM1.7 melanoma cell invasiveness across a Matrigel-coated filter using the CXCR4 ligand, SDF-1α, as the chemoattractant. AP also blocked the chemotactic effect of SDF-1α on CXCR4+ macrophages and inhibited M2 polarization of macrophages. In melanoma-macrophage co-cultures, AP prevented the PLX4720-induced release of pro-tumorigenic growth factors, such as VEGF, from macrophages and prevented the macrophage rescue of BRAF mutant melanoma cells treated with PLX4720. Our study offers a novel therapy (AP) to treat chemo-resistant melanoma. AP is unique because it targets the polyamine transport system in BRAF inhibitor-resistant CSCs and also blocks CXCR4 signaling in invasive melanoma cells and pro-tumorigenic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erin Fahey
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Kelsey Mariner
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Julia Donnelly
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | | | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Biomolecular Research Annex, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Susan K Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA.,At Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
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27
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Ordikhani F, Pothula V, Sanchez-Tarjuelo R, Jordan S, Ochando J. Macrophages in Organ Transplantation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:582939. [PMID: 33329555 PMCID: PMC7734247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current immunosuppressive therapy has led to excellent short-term survival rates in organ transplantation. However, long-term graft survival rates are suboptimal, and a vast number of allografts are gradually lost in the clinic. An increasing number of animal and clinical studies have demonstrated that monocytes and macrophages play a pivotal role in graft rejection, as these mononuclear phagocytic cells recognize alloantigens and trigger an inflammatory cascade that activate the adaptive immune response. Moreover, recent studies suggest that monocytes acquire a feature of memory recall response that is associated with a potent immune response. This form of memory is called “trained immunity,” and it is retained by mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic changes in innate immune cells after exposure to particular ligands, which have a direct impact in allograft rejection. In this review article, we highlight the role of monocytes and macrophages in organ transplantation and summarize therapeutic approaches to promote tolerance through manipulation of monocytes and macrophages. These strategies may open new therapeutic opportunities to increase long-term transplant survival rates in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ordikhani
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Venu Pothula
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rodrigo Sanchez-Tarjuelo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stefan Jordan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Artyomov MN, Van den Bossche J. Immunometabolism in the Single-Cell Era. Cell Metab 2020; 32:710-725. [PMID: 33027638 PMCID: PMC7660984 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research has identified metabolic pathways that are crucial for the proper regulation of immune cells and how, when deranged, they can cause immune dysfunction and disease progression. However, due to technical limitations such insights have relied heavily on bulk measurements in immune cells, often activated in vitro. But with the emergence of single-cell applications, researchers can now estimate the metabolic state of individual immune cells in clinical samples. Here, we review these single-cell techniques and their ability to validate common principles in immunometabolism, while also revealing context-dependent metabolic heterogeneity within the immune cell compartment. We also discuss current gaps and limitations, as well as identify future opportunities to move the field forward toward the development of therapeutic targets and improved diagnostic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim N Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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29
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Felgner S, Preusse M, Beutling U, Stahnke S, Pawar V, Rohde M, Brönstrup M, Stradal T, Häussler S. Host-induced spermidine production in motile Pseudomonas aeruginosa triggers phagocytic uptake. eLife 2020; 9:e55744. [PMID: 32960172 PMCID: PMC7538158 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the complexity of host-pathogen communication is vital to understand why microbes persist within a host, while others are cleared. Here, we employed a dual-sequencing approach to unravel conversational turn-taking of dynamic host-pathogen communications. We demonstrate that upon hitting a host cell, motile Pseudomonas aeruginosa induce a specific gene expression program. This results in the expression of spermidine on the surface, which specifically activates the PIP3-pathway to induce phagocytic uptake into primary or immortalized murine cells. Non-motile bacteria are more immunogenic due to a lower expression of arnT upon host-cell contact, but do not produce spermidine and are phagocytosed less. We demonstrate that not only the presence of pathogen inherent molecular patterns induces immune responses, but that bacterial motility is linked to a host-cell-induced expression of additional immune modulators. Our results emphasize on the value of integrating microbiological and immunological findings to unravel complex and dynamic host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Felgner
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Matthias Preusse
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Ulrike Beutling
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Stephanie Stahnke
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Vinay Pawar
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Theresia Stradal
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
| | - Susanne Häussler
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, TwincoreHannoverGermany
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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30
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Harber KJ, de Goede KE, Verberk SGS, Meinster E, de Vries HE, van Weeghel M, de Winther MPJ, Van den Bossche J. Succinate Is an Inflammation-Induced Immunoregulatory Metabolite in Macrophages. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090372. [PMID: 32942769 PMCID: PMC7569821 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism revealed the crucial role of cellular metabolism in controlling immune cell phenotype and functions. Macrophages, key immune cells that support progression of numerous inflammatory diseases, have been well described as undergoing vast metabolic rewiring upon activation. The immunometabolite succinate particularly gained a lot of attention and emerged as a crucial regulator of macrophage responses and inflammation. Succinate was originally described as a metabolite that supports inflammation via distinct routes. Recently, studies have indicated that succinate and its receptor SUCNR1 can suppress immune responses as well. These apparent contradictory effects might be due to specific experimental settings and particularly the use of distinct succinate forms. We therefore compared the phenotypic and functional effects of distinct succinate forms and receptor mouse models that were previously used for studying succinate immunomodulation. Here, we show that succinate can suppress secretion of inflammatory mediators IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as inhibit Il1b mRNA expression of inflammatory macrophages in a SUCNR1-independent manner. We also observed that macrophage SUCNR1 deficiency led to an enhanced inflammatory response without addition of exogenous succinate. While our study does not reveal new mechanistic insights into how succinate elicits different inflammatory responses, it does indicate that the inflammatory effects of succinate and its receptor SUCNR1 in macrophages are clearly context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J. Harber
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Kyra E. de Goede
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Sanne G. S. Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Elisa Meinster
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Helga E. de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Menno P. J. de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
- Correspondence:
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31
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Alexander ET, Mariner K, Donnelly J, Phanstiel O, Gilmour SK. Polyamine Blocking Therapy Decreases Survival of Tumor-Infiltrating Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells and Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2012-2022. [PMID: 32747421 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite unprecedented advances in the treatment of cancer through the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), responses are not universal and alternative strategies are needed to enhance responses to ICB. We have shown previously that a novel polyamine blocking therapy (PBT), consisting of cotreatment with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) to block polyamine biosynthesis and a Trimer polyamine transport inhibitor, decreases myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Both MDSCs and TAMs promote tumor progression, inhibit antitumor immunity, and limit the efficacy of ICB. In this study, we investigated the use of PBT to heighten therapeutic responses to PD-1 blockade in mice bearing 4T1 mammary carcinoma and B16F10 melanoma tumors. Whereas PBT inhibited primary tumor growth in both tumor models, 4T1 lung metastases were also dramatically decreased in mice treated with PBT. Reductions in MDSC and TAM subpopulations in 4T1 tumors from PBT-treated mice were accompanied by reduced cytoprotective autophagy only in tumor-infiltrating MDSC and macrophage subpopulations but not in the lung or spleen. PBT treatment blunted M2-like alternative activation of bone marrow-derived macrophages and reduced STAT3 activation in MDSC cultures while increasing the differentiation of CD80+, CD11c+ macrophages. PBT significantly enhanced the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 blockade in both 4T1 and B16F10 tumors resistant to anti-PD-1 monotherapy, increasing tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells and survival of tumor-bearing animals beyond that with PBT or PD-1 blockade alone. Our results suggest that cotreatment with DFMO and the Trimer polyamine transport inhibitor may improve the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapies in patients with cancer with resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Alexander
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelsey Mariner
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia Donnelly
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- University of Central Florida, Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Susan K Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.
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32
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Davis FM, Gallagher KA. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Monocytes/Macrophages Regulate Inflammation in Cardiometabolic and Vascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:623-634. [PMID: 30760015 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic and vascular disease, with their associated secondary complications, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society. Chronic inflammation is a common theme that underlies initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, monocytes/macrophages are key players in the development of a chronic inflammatory state. Over the past decade, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and posttranslational histone processing, have emerged as important regulators of immune cell phenotypes. Accumulating studies reveal the importance of epigenetic enzymes in the dynamic regulation of key signaling pathways that alter monocyte/macrophage phenotypes in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we highlight the current paradigms of monocyte/macrophage polarization and the emerging role of epigenetic modification in the regulation of monocyte/macrophage phenotype in obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and abdominal aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Davis
- From the Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Katherine A Gallagher
- From the Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Autophagy and Macrophage Functions: Inflammatory Response and Phagocytosis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010070. [PMID: 31892110 PMCID: PMC7016593 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved bulk degradation and recycling process that plays important roles in multiple biological functions, including inflammatory responses. As an important component of the innate immune system, macrophages are involved in defending cells from invading pathogens, clearing cellular debris, and regulating inflammatory responses. During the past two decades, accumulated evidence has revealed the intrinsic connection between autophagy and macrophage function. This review focuses on the role of autophagy, both as nonselective and selective forms, in the regulation of the inflammatory and phagocytotic functions of macrophages. Specifically, the roles of autophagy in pattern recognition, cytokine release, inflammasome activation, macrophage polarization, LC3-associated phagocytosis, and xenophagy are comprehensively reviewed. The roles of autophagy receptors in the macrophage function regulation are also summarized. Finally, the obstacles and remaining questions regarding the molecular regulation mechanisms, disease association, and therapeutic applications are discussed.
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34
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Goodman S, Naphade S, Khan M, Sharma J, Cherqui S. Macrophage polarization impacts tunneling nanotube formation and intercellular organelle trafficking. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14529. [PMID: 31601865 PMCID: PMC6787037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are cellular extensions enabling cytosol-to-cytosol intercellular interaction between numerous cell types including macrophages. Previous studies of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation for the lysosomal storage disorder cystinosis have shown that HSPC-derived macrophages form TNTs to deliver cystinosin-bearing lysosomes to cystinotic cells, leading to tissue preservation. Here, we explored if macrophage polarization to either proinflammatory M1-like M(LPS/IFNγ) or anti-inflammatory M2-like M(IL-4/IL-10) affected TNT-like protrusion formation, intercellular transport and, ultimately, the efficacy of cystinosis prevention. We designed new automated image processing algorithms used to demonstrate that LPS/IFNγ polarization decreased bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) formation of protrusions, some of which displayed characteristics of TNTs, including cytoskeletal structure, 3D morphology and size. In contrast, co-culture of macrophages with cystinotic fibroblasts yielded more frequent and larger protrusions, as well as increased lysosomal and mitochondrial intercellular trafficking to the diseased fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, we observed normal protrusion formation and therapeutic efficacy following disruption of anti-inflammatory IL-4/IL-10 polarization in vivo by transplantation of HSPCs isolated from the Rac2-/- mouse model. Altogether, we developed unbiased image quantification systems that probe mechanistic aspects of TNT formation and function in vitro, while HSPC transplantation into cystinotic mice provides a complex in vivo disease model. While the differences between polarization cell culture and mouse models exemplify the oversimplicity of in vitro cytokine treatment, they simultaneously demonstrate the utility of our co-culture model which recapitulates the in vivo phenomenon of diseased cystinotic cells stimulating thicker TNT formation and intercellular trafficking from macrophages. Ultimately, we can use both approaches to expand the utility of TNT-like protrusions as a delivery system for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Goodman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Swati Naphade
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Meisha Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jay Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Cherqui
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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35
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DeTomaso D, Jones MG, Subramaniam M, Ashuach T, Ye CJ, Yosef N. Functional interpretation of single cell similarity maps. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4376. [PMID: 31558714 PMCID: PMC6763499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We present Vision, a tool for annotating the sources of variation in single cell RNA-seq data in an automated and scalable manner. Vision operates directly on the manifold of cell-cell similarity and employs a flexible annotation approach that can operate either with or without preconceived stratification of the cells into groups or along a continuum. We demonstrate the utility of Vision in several case studies and show that it can derive important sources of cellular variation and link them to experimental meta-data even with relatively homogeneous sets of cells. Vision produces an interactive, low latency and feature rich web-based report that can be easily shared among researchers, thus facilitating data dissemination and collaboration. The increasing accessibility of single cell RNA sequencing demands tools that enable data visualization and interpretation. Here, the authors introduce Vision, a flexible annotation tool that operates directly on the manifold of cell-cell similarity and aids interpretation of cellular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David DeTomaso
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthew G Jones
- Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Meena Subramaniam
- Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tal Ashuach
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chun J Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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36
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Hargrave KE, Woods S, Millington O, Chalmers S, Westrop GD, Roberts CW. Multi-Omics Studies Demonstrate Toxoplasma gondii-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming of Murine Dendritic Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:309. [PMID: 31572687 PMCID: PMC6749083 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is capable of actively invading almost any mammalian cell type including phagocytes. Early events in phagocytic cells such as dendritic cells are not only key to establishing parasite infection, but conversely play a pivotal role in initiating host immunity. It is now recognized that in addition to changes in canonical immune markers and mediators, alteration in metabolism occurs upon activation of phagocytic cells. These metabolic changes are important for supporting the developing immune response, but can affect the availability of nutrients for intracellular pathogens including T. gondii. However, the interaction of T. gondii with these cells and particularly how infection changes their metabolism has not been extensively investigated. Herein, we use a multi-omics approach comprising transcriptomics and metabolomics validated with functional assays to better understand early events in these cells following infection. Analysis of the transcriptome of T. gondii infected bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) revealed significant alterations in transcripts associated with cellular metabolism, activation of T cells, inflammation mediated chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways. Multivariant analysis of metabolomic data sets acquired through non-targeted liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) identified metabolites associated with glycolysis, the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and arginine metabolism as major discriminants between control uninfected and T. gondii infected cells. Consistent with these observations, glucose uptake and lactate dehydrogenase activity were upregulated in T. gondii infected BMDC cultures compared with control BMDCs. Conversely, BMDC mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced in T. gondii-infected cells relative to mitochondria of control BMDCs. These changes to energy metabolism, similar to what has been described following LPS stimulation of BMDCs and macrophages are often termed the Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming of cells has been suggested to be an important adaption that provides energy and precursors to facilitate phagocytosis, antigen processing and cytokine production. Other changes to BMDC metabolism are evident following T. gondii infection and include upregulation of arginine degradation concomitant with increased arginase-1 activity and ornithine and proline production. As T. gondii is an arginine auxotroph the resultant reduced cellular arginine levels are likely to curtail parasite multiplication. These results highlight the complex interplay of BMDCs and parasite metabolism within the developing immune response and the consequences for adaptive immunity and pathogen clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie E Hargrave
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Woods
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Owain Millington
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Chalmers
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth D Westrop
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Craig W Roberts
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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37
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Latour YL, Gobert AP, Wilson KT. The role of polyamines in the regulation of macrophage polarization and function. Amino Acids 2019; 52:151-160. [PMID: 31016375 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring polyamines are ubiquitously distributed and play important roles in cell development, amino acid and protein synthesis, oxidative DNA damage, proliferation, and cellular differentiation. Macrophages are essential in the innate immune response, and contribute to tissue remodeling. Naïve macrophages have two major potential fates: polarization to (1) the classical pro-inflammatory M1 defense response to bacterial pathogens and tumor cells, and (2) the alternatively activated M2 response, induced in the presence of parasites and wounding, and also implicated in the development of tumor-associated macrophages. ODC, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, leads to an increase in putrescine levels, which impairs M1 gene transcription. Additionally, spermidine and spermine can regulate translation of pro-inflammatory mediators in activated macrophages. In this review, we focus on polyamines in macrophage activation patterns in the context of gastrointestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis. We seek to clarify mechanisms of innate immune regulation by polyamine metabolism and potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L Latour
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Room 1030C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alain P Gobert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Room 1030C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Room 1030C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA. .,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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38
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De Santa F, Vitiello L, Torcinaro A, Ferraro E. The Role of Metabolic Remodeling in Macrophage Polarization and Its Effect on Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1553-1598. [PMID: 30070144 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Macrophages are crucial for tissue homeostasis. Based on their activation, they might display classical/M1 or alternative/M2 phenotypes. M1 macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO). M2 macrophages upregulate arginase-1 and reduce NO and ROS levels; they also release anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and polyamines, thus promoting angiogenesis and tissue healing. Moreover, M1 and M2 display key metabolic differences; M1 polarization is characterized by an enhancement in glycolysis and in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) along with a decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), whereas M2 are characterized by an efficient OxPhos and reduced PPP. Recent Advances: The glutamine-related metabolism has been discovered as crucial for M2 polarization. Vice versa, flux discontinuities in the Krebs cycle are considered additional M1 features; they lead to increased levels of immunoresponsive gene 1 and itaconic acid, to isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-downregulation and to succinate, citrate, and isocitrate over-expression. Critical Issues: A macrophage classification problem, particularly in vivo, originating from a gap in the knowledge of the several intermediate polarization statuses between the M1 and M2 extremes, characterizes this field. Moreover, the detailed features of metabolic reprogramming crucial for macrophage polarization are largely unknown; in particular, the role of β-oxidation is highly controversial. Future Directions: Manipulating the metabolism to redirect macrophage polarization might be useful in various pathologies, including an efficient skeletal muscle regeneration. Unraveling the complexity pertaining to metabolic signatures that are specific for the different macrophage subsets is crucial for identifying new compounds that are able to trigger macrophage polarization and that might be used for therapeutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Santa
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Vitiello
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Cachexia and Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Torcinaro
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferraro
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Cachexia and Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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39
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Caputa G, Flachsmann LJ, Cameron AM. Macrophage metabolism: a wound-healing perspective. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:268-278. [PMID: 30779212 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a critical component of the innate immune response, and compose the first response to perturbations in tissue homeostasis. Their unique ability to dynamically integrate diverse stimuli underlies their important role in the healing response from first insult to re-establishment of tissue homeostasis. While the roles of macrophages in tissue repair have been well-described in vitro and in vivo, the influence of cellular metabolism on macrophage function during tissue repair remains an unexplored area of immunometabolism. In this review, we will explore the unique metabolic requirements of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages and the potential contribution of macrophage metabolism to each phase of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Caputa
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Lea J Flachsmann
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Alanna M Cameron
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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40
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Freemerman AJ, Zhao L, Pingili AK, Teng B, Cozzo AJ, Fuller AM, Johnson AR, Milner JJ, Lim MF, Galanko JA, Beck MA, Bear JE, Rotty JD, Bezavada L, Smallwood HS, Puchowicz MA, Liu J, Locasale JW, Lee DP, Bennett BJ, Abel ED, Rathmell JC, Makowski L. Myeloid Slc2a1-Deficient Murine Model Revealed Macrophage Activation and Metabolic Phenotype Are Fueled by GLUT1. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:1265-1286. [PMID: 30659108 PMCID: PMC6360258 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦs) are heterogeneous and metabolically flexible, with metabolism strongly affecting immune activation. A classic response to proinflammatory activation is increased flux through glycolysis with a downregulation of oxidative metabolism, whereas alternative activation is primarily oxidative, which begs the question of whether targeting glucose metabolism is a viable approach to control MΦ activation. We created a murine model of myeloid-specific glucose transporter GLUT1 (Slc2a1) deletion. Bone marrow-derived MΦs (BMDM) from Slc2a1M-/- mice failed to uptake glucose and demonstrated reduced glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway activity. Activated BMDMs displayed elevated metabolism of oleate and glutamine, yet maximal respiratory capacity was blunted in MΦ lacking GLUT1, demonstrating an incomplete metabolic reprogramming. Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs displayed a mixed inflammatory phenotype with reductions of the classically activated pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, yet less oxidative stress. Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs had reduced proinflammatory metabolites, whereas metabolites indicative of alternative activation-such as ornithine and polyamines-were greatly elevated in the absence of GLUT1. Adipose tissue MΦs of lean Slc2a1M-/- mice had increased alternative M2-like activation marker mannose receptor CD206, yet lack of GLUT1 was not a critical mediator in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation. However, Ldlr-/- mice lacking myeloid GLUT1 developed unstable atherosclerotic lesions. Defective phagocytic capacity in Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs may have contributed to unstable atheroma formation. Together, our findings suggest that although lack of GLUT1 blunted glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, MΦ were metabolically flexible enough that inflammatory cytokine release was not dramatically regulated, yet phagocytic defects hindered MΦ function in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Freemerman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - Liyang Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - Ajeeth K Pingili
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
| | - Bin Teng
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
| | - Alyssa J Cozzo
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - Ashley M Fuller
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Amy R Johnson
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - J Justin Milner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - Maili F Lim
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - Joseph A Galanko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Melinda A Beck
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799
| | - James E Bear
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jeremy D Rotty
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Lavanya Bezavada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
| | - Heather S Smallwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
| | - Michelle A Puchowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | | | - Brian J Bennett
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242; and
| | - Jeff C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 25799;
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163
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41
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Rached MT, Millership SJ, Pedroni SMA, Choudhury AI, Costa ASH, Hardy DG, Glegola JA, Irvine EE, Selman C, Woodberry MC, Yadav VK, Khadayate S, Vidal-Puig A, Virtue S, Frezza C, Withers DJ. Deletion of myeloid IRS2 enhances adipose tissue sympathetic nerve function and limits obesity. Mol Metab 2019; 20:38-50. [PMID: 30553769 PMCID: PMC6358539 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sympathetic nervous system and immune cell interactions play key roles in the regulation of metabolism. For example, recent convergent studies have shown that macrophages regulate obesity through brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) via effects upon local catecholamine availability. However, these studies have raised issues about the underlying mechanisms involved including questions regarding the production of catecholamines by macrophages, the role of macrophage polarization state and the underlying intracellular signaling pathways in macrophages that might mediate these effects. METHODS To address such issues we generated mice lacking Irs2, which mediates the effects of insulin and interleukin 4, specifically in LyzM expressing cells (Irs2LyzM-/- mice). RESULTS These animals displayed obesity resistance and preservation of glucose homeostasis on high fat diet feeding due to increased energy expenditure via enhanced BAT activity and WAT beiging. Macrophages per se did not produce catecholamines but Irs2LyzM-/- mice displayed increased sympathetic nerve density and catecholamine availability in adipose tissue. Irs2-deficient macrophages displayed an anti-inflammatory transcriptional profile and alterations in genes involved in scavenging catecholamines and supporting increased sympathetic innervation. CONCLUSIONS Our studies identify a critical macrophage signaling pathway involved in the regulation of adipose tissue sympathetic nerve function that, in turn, mediates key neuroimmune effects upon systemic metabolism. The insights gained may open therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Rached
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Steven J Millership
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Silvia M A Pedroni
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Ana S H Costa
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Darran G Hardy
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Justyna A Glegola
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Elaine E Irvine
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Colin Selman
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Megan C Woodberry
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Vijay K Yadav
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Sanjay Khadayate
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Samuel Virtue
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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42
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van Beek AA, Van den Bossche J, Mastroberardino PG, de Winther MPJ, Leenen PJM. Metabolic Alterations in Aging Macrophages: Ingredients for Inflammaging? Trends Immunol 2019; 40:113-127. [PMID: 30626541 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process with an impact on essentially all organs. Declined cellular repair causes increased damage at genomic and proteomic levels upon aging. This can lead to systemic changes in metabolism and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, resulting in low-grade inflammation, or 'inflammaging'. Tissue macrophages, gatekeepers of parenchymal homeostasis and integrity, are prime inflammatory cytokine producers, as well as initiators and regulators of inflammation. In this opinion piece, we summarize intrinsic alterations in macrophage phenotype and function with age. We propose that alternatively activated macrophages (M2-like), which are yet pro-inflammatory, can accumulate in tissues and promote inflammaging. Age-related increases in endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction might be cell-intrinsic forces driving this unusual phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan A van Beek
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Nieuwe Kanaal 9A, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pier G Mastroberardino
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Munich, Germany
| | - Pieter J M Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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43
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Davies LC, Rice CM, McVicar DW, Weiss JM. Diversity and environmental adaptation of phagocytic cell metabolism. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:37-48. [PMID: 30247792 PMCID: PMC6334519 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ri0518-195r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytes are cells of the immune system that play important roles in phagocytosis, respiratory burst and degranulation—key components of innate immunity and response to infection. This diverse group of cells includes monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils—heterogeneous cell populations possessing cell and tissue‐specific functions of which cellular metabolism comprises a critical underpinning. Core functions of phagocytic cells are diverse and sensitive to alterations in environmental‐ and tissue‐specific nutrients and growth factors. As phagocytic cells adapt to these extracellular cues, cellular processes are altered and may contribute to pathogenesis. The considerable degree of functional heterogeneity among monocyte, neutrophil, and other phagocytic cell populations necessitates diverse metabolism. As we review our current understanding of metabolism in phagocytic cells, gaps are focused on to highlight the need for additional studies that hopefully enable improved cell‐based strategies for counteracting cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke C Davies
- Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.,Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, UK
| | - Christopher M Rice
- Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan M Weiss
- Cancer & Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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44
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Nadjar A. Role of metabolic programming in the modulation of microglia phagocytosis by lipids. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:63-73. [PMID: 30103935 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia phagocytosis is an essential process to maintain lifelong brain homeostasis and clear potential toxic factors from the neuropil. Microglia can engulf cells or part of cells through the expression of specific receptors at their surface and activation of downstream signaling pathways to engulf material. Microglia phagocytosis is finely regulated and is under the dependence of many factors, including environmental cues such as dietary lipids. Yet, the molecular mechanisms implicated are still largely unknown. The present publication is a 'hypothesis review', assessing the possibility that lipid-mediated modulation of phagocytosis occurs by affecting bioenergetic pathways within microglia. I assess our present knowledge and the elements that allow drawing such hypothesis. I also list some of the important gaps in the literature that need to be filled in. I also consider opportunities for future therapeutic target including nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nadjar
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France; University Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux 33076, France.
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45
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Zhou S, Gu J, Liu R, Wei S, Wang Q, Shen H, Dai Y, Zhou H, Zhang F, Lu L. Spermine Alleviates Acute Liver Injury by Inhibiting Liver-Resident Macrophage Pro-Inflammatory Response Through ATG5-Dependent Autophagy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:948. [PMID: 29770139 PMCID: PMC5940752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells, KCs) and autophagy play critical roles in the pathogenesis of toxin-induced liver injury. Recent evidence indicates that autophagy can regulate macrophage M1/M2 polarization under different inflammatory conditions. Polyamines, including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine (SPM), are polycations with anti-oxidative, anti-aging, and cell autophagy induction properties. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms by which SPM protects against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver injury in a mouse model. Pretreatment with SPM significantly alleviated liver injury and reduced intrahepatic inflammation in TAA-induced liver injury compared to controls. SPM markedly inhibited M1 polarization, but promoted M2 polarization of KCs obtained from TAA-exposed livers, as evidenced by decreased IL-1β and iNOS gene induction but increased Arg-1 and Mrc-1 gene induction accompanied by decreased STAT1 activation and increased STAT6 activation. Furthermore, pretreatment with SPM enhanced autophagy, as revealed by increased LC3B-II levels, decreased p62 protein expression, and increased ATG5 protein expression in TAA-treated KCs. Knockdown of ATG5 in SPM-pretreated KCs by siRNA resulted in a significant increase in pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 secretion and decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10 secretion after TAA treatment, while no significant changes were observed in cytokine production in the TAA treatment alone. Additionally, the effect of SPM on regulation of KC M1/M2 polarization was abolished by ATG5 knockdown in TAA-exposed KCs. Finally, in vivo ATG5 knockdown in KCs abrogated the protective effect of SPM against TAA-induced acute liver injury. Our results indicate that SPM-mediated autophagy inhibits M1 polarization, while promoting M2 polarization of KCs in TAA-treated livers via upregulation of ATG5 expression, leading to attenuated liver injury. This study provides a novel target for the prevention of acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhou
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wei
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Liver Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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46
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Utilization of Host Polyamines in Alternatively Activated Macrophages Promotes Chronic Infection by Brucella abortus. Infect Immun 2018; 86:IAI.00458-17. [PMID: 29203548 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00458-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of intracellular bacterial pathogens with antibiotic therapy often requires a long course of multiple drugs. A barrier to developing strategies that enhance antibiotic efficacy against these pathogens is our poor understanding of the intracellular nutritional environment that maintains bacterial persistence. The intracellular pathogen Brucella abortus survives and replicates preferentially in alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs); however, knowledge of the metabolic adaptations promoting exploitation of this niche is limited. Here we show that one mechanism promoting enhanced survival in AAMs is a shift in macrophage arginine utilization from production of nitric oxide (NO) to biosynthesis of polyamines, induced by interleukin 4 (IL-4)/IL-13 treatment. Production of polyamines by infected AAMs promoted both intracellular survival of B. abortus and chronic infection in mice, as inhibition of macrophage polyamine synthesis or inactivation of the putative putrescine transporter encoded by potIHGF reduced both intracellular survival in AAMs and persistence in mice. These results demonstrate that increased intracellular availability of polyamines induced by arginase-1 expression in IL-4/IL-13-induced AAMs promotes chronic persistence of B. abortus within this niche and suggest that targeting of this pathway may aid in eradicating chronic infection.
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47
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Corrêa-da-Silva F, Pereira JAS, de Aguiar CF, de Moraes-Vieira PMM. Mitoimmunity-when mitochondria dictates macrophage function. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:651-655. [PMID: 29271525 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, several reports have appointed the importance of mitochondria in the immune response. Our understanding of mitochondria evolved from a simple supplier of energy into a platform necessary for immunorregulation. Proinflammatory responses are associated with enhanced glycolytic activity and breakdown of the TCA cycle. Mitochondrial reactive species of oxygen (mROS) are key regulators of classically activated macrophages, with substantial impact in the anti-microbicidal activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion of macrophages. The inflammasome activation in macrophages is dependent on mROS production and mitochondrial regulation and mitochondrial dynamics and functionality direct impact inflammatory responses. Alternative activated macrophage metabolism relies on fatty acid oxidation, and the mechanism responsible for this phenotype is not fully elucidated. Thus, cellular metabolism and mitochondria function is a key immunoregulatory feature of macrophage biology. In this review, we will provide insights into recently reported evidences of mitochondria-related metabolic nodes, which are important for macrophage physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Corrêa-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica A S Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristhiane F de Aguiar
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M M de Moraes-Vieira
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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48
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Van den Bossche J, Saraber DL. Metabolic regulation of macrophages in tissues. Cell Immunol 2018; 330:54-59. [PMID: 29395037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells that provide host defense and have tissue-specific roles in the maintenance of organ homeostasis and integrity. In most cases macrophages keep us healthy but when their balanced response to damage or homeostatic signals is perturbed, they can drive chronic inflammatory responses and pathology. To fulfil their broad range of functions, macrophages adopt a plethora of activation states. Understanding their regulation and phenotypic heterogeneity is crucial because macrophages are critical in many diseases. Consequently, macrophages have emerged as attractive targets for therapy of diseases in which they determine disease outcome, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and other Western killer diseases. Recent advances in the flourishing field of immunometabolism highlight that the metabolic profile of macrophages directly regulates their activation status and associated functions. In this short review, we summarize how recent research on the metabolic regulation of macrophages has vividly improved our understanding of macrophage activation. Most of our existing knowledge results from in vitro studies with murine bone marrow-derived macrophages which can't fully grasp the complexity of (micro)environmental control of macrophages in tissues. We therefore highlight current weaknesses and missing links in macrophage immunometabolism research and provide future directions to make the step from the well-controlled plastic in vitro cell culture systems to the complex in vivo tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Doina L Saraber
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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49
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Role of Polyamines in Asthma Pathophysiology. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6010004. [PMID: 29316647 PMCID: PMC5872161 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease of airways, where the interactions of immune and structural cells result in disease outcomes with airway remodeling and airway hyper-responsiveness. Polyamines, which are small-sized, natural super-cations, interact with negatively charged intracellular macromolecules, and altered levels of polyamines and their interactions have been associated with different pathological conditions including asthma. Elevated levels of polyamines have been reported in the circulation of asthmatic patients as well as in the lungs of a murine model of asthma. In various studies, polyamines were found to potentiate the pathogenic potential of inflammatory cells, such as mast cells and granulocytes (eosinophils and neutrophils), by either inducing the release of their pro-inflammatory mediators or prolonging their life span. Additionally, polyamines were crucial in the differentiation and alternative activation of macrophages, which play an important role in asthma pathology. Importantly, polyamines cause airway smooth muscle contraction and thus airway hyper-responsiveness, which is the key feature in asthma pathophysiology. High levels of polyamines in asthma and their active cellular and macromolecular interactions indicate the importance of the polyamine pathway in asthma pathogenesis; therefore, modulation of polyamine levels could be a suitable approach in acute and severe asthma management. This review summarizes the possible roles of polyamines in different pathophysiological features of asthma.
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50
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Na YR, Je S, Seok SH. Metabolic features of macrophages in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 413:46-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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