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Baek C, Laurenge A, Touat M. Advances in the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas. Curr Opin Neurol 2024:00019052-990000000-00194. [PMID: 39253756 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation is a defining molecular driver of WHO grade 2-4 astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. In this article, we review the recent therapeutic approaches specifically targeting IDH-mutant gliomas and summarize ongoing clinical trials in this population. RECENT FINDINGS The IDH inhibitor vorasidenib recently demonstrated its efficacy after surgical resection in grade 2 IDH-mutated gliomas. Several studies in patients with IDH-mutant gliomas are currently exploring various strategies to target IDH mutations, including the use of small-molecule inhibitors, immunotherapies, peptide vaccines and agents targeting metabolic and epigenomic vulnerabilities. SUMMARY Mutant-IDH targeting holds significant promise in treating progressive or recurrent IDH-mutant gliomas. Recent results with IDH inhibitors will change practice and influence the existing guidelines in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chooyoung Baek
- Service de Neuro-oncologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université
| | - Alice Laurenge
- Service de Neuro-oncologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université
- Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, SIRIC CURAMUS, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Touat
- Service de Neuro-oncologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université
- Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, SIRIC CURAMUS, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Yoel A, Adjumain S, Liang Y, Daniel P, Firestein R, Tsui V. Emerging and Biological Concepts in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas. Cells 2024; 13:1492. [PMID: 39273062 PMCID: PMC11394548 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system tumors are the most frequent solid tumors in children, accounting for over 40% of all childhood brain tumor deaths, specifically high-grade gliomas. Compared with pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) have an abysmal survival rate. The WHO CNS classification identifies four subtypes of pHGGs, including Grade 4 Diffuse midline glioma H3K27-altered, Grade 4 Diffuse hemispheric gliomas H3-G34-mutant, Grade 4 pediatric-type high-grade glioma H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype, and infant-type hemispheric gliomas. In recent years, we have seen promising advancements in treatment strategies for pediatric high-grade gliomas, including immunotherapy, CAR-T cell therapy, and vaccine approaches, which are currently undergoing clinical trials. These therapies are underscored by the integration of molecular features that further stratify HGG subtypes. Herein, we will discuss the molecular features of pediatric high-grade gliomas and the evolving landscape for treating these challenging tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Yoel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shazia Adjumain
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Yuqing Liang
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Paul Daniel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Vanessa Tsui
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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3
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Toma MM, Skorski T. Star wars against leukemia: attacking the clones. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02369-6. [PMID: 39223295 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia, although most likely starts as a monoclonal genetic/epigenetic anomaly, is a polyclonal disease at manifestation. This polyclonal nature results from ongoing evolutionary changes in the genome/epigenome of leukemia cells to promote their survival and proliferation advantages. We discuss here how genetic and/or epigenetic aberrations alter intracellular microenvironment in individual leukemia clones and how extracellular microenvironment selects the best fitted clones. This dynamic polyclonal composition of leukemia makes designing an effective therapy a challenging task especially because individual leukemia clones often display substantial differences in response to treatment. Here, we discuss novel therapeutic approach employing single cell multiomics to identify and eradicate all individual clones in a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M Toma
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Álvarez-González E, Sierra LM. Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Relationships with Non-Metabolic Processes: A Short Story with DNA Repair and Its Consequences on Cancer Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9054. [PMID: 39201738 PMCID: PMC11355010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes involving the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle have been linked to different non-metabolic cell processes. Among them, apart from cancer and immunity, emerges the DNA damage response (DDR) and specifically DNA damage repair. The oncometabolites succinate, fumarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) increase reactive oxygen species levels and create pseudohypoxia conditions that induce DNA damage and/or inhibit DNA repair. Additionally, by influencing DDR modulation, they establish direct relationships with DNA repair on at least four different pathways. The AlkB pathway deals with the removal of N-alkylation DNA and RNA damage that is inhibited by fumarate and 2HG. The MGMT pathway acts in the removal of O-alkylation DNA damage, and it is inhibited by the silencing of the MGMT gene promoter by 2HG and succinate. The other two pathways deal with the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) but with opposite effects: the FH pathway, which uses fumarate to help with the repair of this damage, and the chromatin remodeling pathway, in which oncometabolites inhibit its repair by impairing the homologous recombination repair (HRR) system. Since oncometabolites inhibit DNA repair, their removal from tumor cells will not always generate a positive response in cancer therapy. In fact, their presence contributes to longer survival and/or sensitization against tumor therapy in some cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enol Álvarez-González
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Genética, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avda. HUCA s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luisa María Sierra
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Genética, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avda. HUCA s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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Feng P, Liu S, Yuan G, Pan Y. Association of M2 macrophages with EMT in glioma identified through combination of multi-omics and machine learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34119. [PMID: 39145022 PMCID: PMC11320150 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of glioma, a prevalent brain malignancy, is increasing, particularly among the elderly population. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical importance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gliomas and its association with malignancy and prognosis. Background The incidence of glioma, particularly among elderly individuals, is on the rise. The malignancy of glioma is determined not only by the oncogenic properties of tumor cells but also by the composition of the tumor microenvironment, which includes immune system macrophages. The prevalence of M2-type macrophages typically fosters tumor progression, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study explored the clinical importance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gliomas and its association with malignancy and prognosis. Methods Our study used the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithm to classify different levels of EMT activation based on the transcriptomic and multi-omics data. Machine learning (ML) and single-cell analysis were integrated into our model for comprehensive analysis. A predictive model was constructed and in vitro experiments were performed to validate our findings. Results Our study classified 1,641 samples into two clusters based on EMT activation: the EMT-hot group and the EMT-cold group. The EMT-hot group had elevated copy number loss, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and a poorer survival rate. Conversely, the EMT-cold group showed a better survival rate, likely attributed to lower stromal and immune cell scores, as well as decreased expression of human leukocyte antigen-related genes. Driving genes were identified through weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and dimensionality reduction techniques. These genes were then utilized in the construction of a prognostic model using ML and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Furthermore, the impact of the core genes identified through single-cell analysis on glioma prognosis was examined. Conclusion Our research underscores the efficacy of our model in predicting glioma prognosis and elucidates the connection between the M2 macrophages and EMT. Additionally, core genes such as LY96, C1QB, LGALS1, CSPG5, S100A8, and CHGB were identified as pivotal for mediating the occurrence of EMT induced by M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Feng
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Shangyu Liu
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Yawen Pan
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
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Kotecha R, Schiff D, Chakravarti A, Fleming JL, Brown PD, Puduvalli VK, Vogelbaum MA, Gondi V, Gallus M, Okada H, Mehta MP. Multidisciplinary Management of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutated Gliomas in a Contemporary Molecularly Defined Era. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2588-2598. [PMID: 38833641 PMCID: PMC11283772 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes, an early step in the ontogeny of lower-grade gliomas, induce global epigenetic changes characterized by a hypermethylation phenotype and are critical to tumor classification, treatment decision making, and estimation of patient prognosis. The introduction of IDH inhibitors to block the oncogenic neomorphic function of the mutated protein has resulted in new therapeutic options for these patients. To appreciate the implications of these recent IDH inhibitor results, it is important to juxtapose historical outcomes with chemoradiotherapy. Herein, we rationally evaluate recent IDH inhibitor data within historical precedents to guide contemporary decisions regarding the role of observation, maximal safe resection, adjuvant therapies, and the import of patient and tumor variables. The biological underpinnings of the IDH pathway and the mechanisms, impact, and limitations of IDH inhibitors, the actual magnitude of tumor regression and patient benefit, and emergence of resistance pathways are presented to guide future trial development. Management in the current, molecularly defined era will require careful patient selection and risk factor assessment, followed by an open dialog about the results of studies such as INDIGO, as well as mature data from legacy trials, and a discussion about risk-versus-benefit for the choice of treatment, with multidisciplinary decision making as an absolute prerequisite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kotecha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL
| | - David Schiff
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Neurological Surgery, and Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Jessica L. Fleming
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Paul D. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Vinay K. Puduvalli
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Vinai Gondi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Medicine West Region, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University, Warrenville, IL
| | - Marco Gallus
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
| | - Minesh P. Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL
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Nasser AM, Melamed L, Wetzel EA, Chang JCC, Nagashima H, Kitagawa Y, Muzyka L, Wakimoto H, Cahill DP, Miller JJ. CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletion Sensitizes IDH-Mutant Glioma to CDK4/6 Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2996-3005. [PMID: 38718141 PMCID: PMC11250907 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment paradigms for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas are rapidly evolving. Although typically indolent and responsive to initial treatment, these tumors invariably recur at a higher grade and require salvage treatment. Homozygous deletion of the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A/B frequently emerges at recurrence in these tumors, driving poor patient outcomes. We investigated the effect of CDK-Rb pathway blockade on IDH-mutant glioma growth in vitro and in vivo using CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDKi). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cell viability, proliferation assays, and flow cytometry were used to examine the pharmacologic effect of two distinct CDKi, palbociclib and abemaciclib, in multiple patient-derived IDH-mutant glioma lines. Isogenic models were used to directly investigate the influence of CDKN2A/B status on CDKi sensitivity. Orthotopic xenograft tumor models were used to examine the efficacy and tolerability of CDKi in vivo. RESULTS CDKi treatment leads to decreased cell viability and proliferative capacity in patient-derived IDH-mutant glioma lines, coupled with enrichment of cells in the G1 phase. CDKN2A inactivation sensitizes IDH-mutant glioma to CDKi in both endogenous and isogenic models with engineered CDKN2A deletion. CDK4/6 inhibitor administration improves survival in orthotopically implanted IDH-mutant glioma models. CONCLUSIONS IDH-mutant gliomas with deletion of CDKN2A/B are sensitized to CDK4/6 inhibitors. These results support the investigation of the use of these agents in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Nasser
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa Melamed
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ethan A. Wetzel
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jenny Chia-Chen Chang
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hiroaki Nagashima
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kitagawa
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Logan Muzyka
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel P. Cahill
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Julie J. Miller
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Gue R, Lakhani DA. The 2021 World Health Organization Central Nervous System Tumor Classification: The Spectrum of Diffuse Gliomas. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1349. [PMID: 38927556 PMCID: PMC11202067 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2021 edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors introduces significant revisions across various tumor types. These updates, encompassing changes in diagnostic techniques, genomic integration, terminology, and grading, are crucial for radiologists, who play a critical role in interpreting brain tumor imaging. Such changes impact the diagnosis and management of nearly all central nervous system tumor categories, including the reclassification, addition, and removal of specific tumor entities. Given their pivotal role in patient care, radiologists must remain conversant with these revisions to effectively contribute to multidisciplinary tumor boards and collaborate with peers in neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, and neuropathology. This knowledge is essential not only for accurate diagnosis and staging, but also for understanding the molecular and genetic underpinnings of tumors, which can influence treatment decisions and prognostication. This review, therefore, focuses on the most pertinent updates concerning the classification of adult diffuse gliomas, highlighting the aspects most relevant to radiological practice. Emphasis is placed on the implications of new genetic information on tumor behavior and imaging findings, providing necessary tools to stay abreast of advancements in the field. This comprehensive overview aims to enhance the radiologist's ability to integrate new WHO classification criteria into everyday practice, ultimately improving patient outcomes through informed and precise imaging assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racine Gue
- Department of Neuroradiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Dhairya A. Lakhani
- Department of Neuroradiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Mills D, Horsley P, Venkatasha V, Back M. Volumetric Response and Survival of Patients With Bulky IDH-Mutated Grade 3 Glioma Managed With FET-FDG-Guided Integrated Boost IMRT. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:343-352. [PMID: 38553362 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Despite relatively favourable outcomes associated with IDH-mutant grade 3 gliomas, many patients present with diffuse non-enhancing disease involving multiple brain regions, prompting concern over both durable disease control and the morbidity associated with large volume radiation therapy. This study audits volumetric response, survival and functional outcomes in this 'large volume' subgroup that undergoes intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS From a prospective database of 187 patients with IDH-mutant grade 3 gliomas managed with IMRT between 2008 and 2020, recorded PTV was divided into quartiles. The top quartile, termed the 'large volume cohort' (LVC), was identified. IMRT involved FET-FDG guided integrated boost (59.4/54Gy in 33 fractions). Manual volumetric segmentation of baseline, four months and 13 months post-IMRT tumour were performed for T1, T2 and T1gd MRI sequences. The primary endpoint was volumetric reduction on the T1 and T2 sequences at 13 months and analysed with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Morbidity endpoints were assessed at year four post-IMRT and included performance status (ECOG PS) and employment outcomes. RESULTS The fourth quartile (LVC) identified 44 patients for whom volumetric analysis was available. The LVC had median PTV of 320cm3 compared to 186.2cm3 for the total group. Anaplastic astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma were equally distributed and tumour sites were frontal (54%), temporal (18%) and parietal lobes (16%). Median follow-up for survivors was 71.5 months. Projected 10-year RFS and OS in LVC was 40% and 62%, compared to 53% and 62% respectively in the overall cohort. The RFS (p = 0.06) and OS (p = 0.65) of the LVC was not significantly different to other PTV quartiles; however the impact of PTV volume reached significance when analysed as a continuous variable (RFS p < 0.01; OS p = 0.02). Median T1 volumes were 26.1cm3, 8.0cm3 and 5.3cm3 at months +0, +3 and +12, respectively. The corresponding T2 volumes were 120.8cm3, 29.1cm3 and 26.3cm3. The median T1 and T2 volume reductions were 77% (q1-3: 57-92%) and 78% (q1-3: 60-85%) at 13 months post-IMRT. Initial T2 volume was associated with worse RFS (p = 0.04) but not OS (p = 0.96). There was no association between median T2 volume reduction and RFS (p = 0.77). For patients assessable at year 4 post-IMRT, no late CTCAE Grade 3/4 toxicity events were recognised. 92% of patients were ECOG PS 0-1, 45% were employed at prior capacity and 28% were working with impairment. CONCLUSION Patients with large volume IDH-mutant Grade 3 glioma demonstrated significant tumour reduction post-IMRT, and good long-term outcomes with respect to survival and functional status. Although larger IMRT volumes were associated with poorer RFS, this was also associated with the initial volume of non-enhancing tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mills
- Central Coast Cancer Centre, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, Australia
| | - P Horsley
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
| | - V Venkatasha
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Back
- Central Coast Cancer Centre, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, Australia; Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia; Genesis Cancer Care, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Brain Cancer Group, Sydney, Australia.
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10
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Pöhlmann J, Weller M, Marcellusi A, Grabe-Heyne K, Krott-Coi L, Rabar S, Pollock RF. High costs, low quality of life, reduced survival, and room for improving treatment: an analysis of burden and unmet needs in glioma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1368606. [PMID: 38571509 PMCID: PMC10987841 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1368606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a group of heterogeneous tumors that account for substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs to patients and healthcare systems globally. Survival varies considerably by grade, histology, biomarkers, and genetic alterations such as IDH mutations and MGMT promoter methylation, and treatment, but is poor for some grades and histologies, with many patients with glioblastoma surviving less than a year from diagnosis. The present review provides an introduction to glioma, including its classification, epidemiology, economic and humanistic burden, as well as treatment options. Another focus is on treatment recommendations for IDH-mutant astrocytoma, IDH-mutant oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma, which were synthesized from recent guidelines. While recommendations are nuanced and reflect the complexity of the disease, maximum safe resection is typically the first step in treatment, followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy using temozolomide or procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine. Immunotherapies and targeted therapies currently have only a limited role due to disappointing clinical trial results, including in recurrent glioblastoma, for which the nitrosourea lomustine remains the de facto standard of care. The lack of treatment options is compounded by frequently suboptimal clinical practice, in which patients do not receive adequate therapy after resection, including delayed, shortened, or discontinued radiotherapy and chemotherapy courses due to treatment side effects. These unmet needs will require significant efforts to address, including a continued search for novel treatment options, increased awareness of clinical guidelines, improved toxicity management for chemotherapy, and the generation of additional and more robust clinical and health economic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Marcellusi
- Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA)-Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS), Faculty of Economics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Rabar
- Covalence Research Ltd, Harpenden, United Kingdom
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Kinslow CJ, Siegelin MD, Iwamoto FM, Gallitto M, Neugut AI, Yu JB, Cheng SK, Wang TJC. MGMT promoter methylation in 1p19q-intact gliomas. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:73-78. [PMID: 38114801 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Standard-of-care for 1p19q-intact anaplastic gliomas is defined by the international randomized phase III CATNON trial, which found an overall survival (OS) benefit for adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) when added to radiotherapy. Paradoxically, TMZ did not appear to benefit patients with IDH-wildtype gliomas, regardless of MGMT promoter status. The authors concluded that well-powered prospective study on the clinical efficacy of TMZ for patients with IDH-wildtype anaplastic gliomas (meeting criteria for glioblastoma) is warranted. Given that the prognostic and predictive role of MGMT status for grade 2-3 gliomas is unresolved, we determined the effect of MGMT status on OS in patients with 1p19q-intact gliomas in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). METHODS We queried the NCDB from 2018 to 2019 for patients with diffuse (grade 2) and anaplastic (grade 3) IDH-wildtype or -mutant astrocytomas who received chemotherapy with follow-up through 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regressions models were used to determine the association of MGMT with OS. RESULTS We identified 1514 patients who were newly diagnosed with IDH-wildtype (n = 802, 33% methylated) or -mutant astrocytomas (n = 712, 48% methylated) and received chemotherapy during initial management. An unmethylated promoter was associated with poorer survival in patients with IDH-wildtype (3-year OS 34% [95%CI 29-39%] vs. 46% [95%CI 39-54%], p < .001, adjusted HR 1.53 [95%CI 1.24-1.89]) but not IDH-mutant astrocytomas (3-year OS 79% [95%CI 74-84%] vs. 80% [95%CI 75-86%], p =0 .81, HR 1.04 [95%CI 0.73-1.50]). CONCLUSIONS This ancillary analysis supports conclusions from the CATNON trial for adjuvant TMZ as standard-of-care for anaplastic astrocytomas (IDH-mutant and 1p19q-intact), irrespective of MGMT status. Determining the optimal strategy for diffuse gliomas that are IDH-wildtype will be particularly important. MGMT promoter methylation should be considered as a stratification factor in future clinical trials for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Kinslow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B011, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Ave Rm. 1001, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Fabio M Iwamoto
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matthew Gallitto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B011, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - James B Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B011, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Simon K Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B011, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
| | - Tony J C Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B011, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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De Simone M, Conti V, Palermo G, De Maria L, Iaconetta G. Advancements in Glioma Care: Focus on Emerging Neurosurgical Techniques. Biomedicines 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 38275370 PMCID: PMC10813759 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant advances in understanding the molecular pathways of glioma, translating this knowledge into effective long-term solutions remains a challenge. Indeed, gliomas pose a significant challenge to neurosurgical oncology because of their diverse histopathological features, genetic heterogeneity, and clinical manifestations. Relevant sections: This study focuses on glioma complexity by reviewing recent advances in their management, also considering new classification systems and emerging neurosurgical techniques. To bridge the gap between new neurosurgical approaches and standards of care, the importance of molecular diagnosis and the use of techniques such as laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and focused ultrasound (FUS) are emphasized, exploring how the integration of molecular knowledge with emerging neurosurgical approaches can personalize and improve the treatment of gliomas. CONCLUSIONS The choice between LITT and FUS should be tailored to each case, considering factors such as tumor characteristics and patient health. LITT is favored for larger, complex tumors, while FUS is standard for smaller, deep-seated ones. Both techniques are equally effective for small and superficial tumors. Our study provides clear guidance for treating pediatric low-grade gliomas and highlights the crucial roles of LITT and FUS in managing high-grade gliomas in adults. This research sets the stage for improved patient care and future developments in the field of neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Simone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (G.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (G.P.); (G.I.)
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Palermo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (G.P.); (G.I.)
| | - Lucio De Maria
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Iaconetta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.C.); (G.P.); (G.I.)
- Neurosurgery Unit, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
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13
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Malhotra K, Dagli MM, Gujral J, Santangelo G, Goyal K, Wathen C, Ozturk AK, Welch WC. Global and Gender Equity in Oligodendroglioma Research: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Following the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2023; 15:e51161. [PMID: 38283488 PMCID: PMC10812378 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrogliomas are rare brain tumors arising from oligodendrocytes; there is a limited understanding of their pathogenesis, which leads to challenges in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the oligodendroglioma literature to assess the current state of research, identify research trends, and elucidate implications for future research. The Lens® database was used to retrieve journal articles related to "oligodendroglioma" without geographic or temporal restrictions. Year-on-year trends in publication and funding were analyzed. Global and gender equity were assessed using the Namsor® Application programming interface. Collaboration patterns were explored using network visualizations. Keyword analysis revealed the most prominent themes in oligodendroglioma research. Out of 9701 articles initially retrieved, 8381 scholarly journal articles were included in the final analysis. Publication trends showed a consistent increase until 2020, followed by a sharp decline likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Global representation revealed researchers from 86 countries, with limited participation from low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Gender inequity was evident, with 78.7% of researchers being male. Collaboration analysis revealed a highly interconnected research community. Prognosis, genetic aberrations (particularly "IDH" mutations), and therapeutic options (including chemotherapy and radiotherapy) emerged as dominant research themes. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted oligodendroglioma research funding and publication trends, highlighting the importance of robust funding mechanisms. Global and gender inequities in research participation underscore the need for fostering inclusive collaboration, especially in LMICs. The interconnected research community presents opportunities for knowledge exchange and innovation. Keyword analysis highlights current research trends and a shift to genetic and molecular understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Malhotra
- Department of Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Mert Marcel Dagli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jaskeerat Gujral
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Gabrielle Santangelo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Kashish Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
| | - Connor Wathen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ali K Ozturk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - William C Welch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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14
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Dongpo S, Xiaozhuo L, Xin L, Zhengyao Z, Qing W, Fameng Z, Mingming F, Qian H, Mei L, Tong C. Effectiveness and Safety of Different Postoperative Adjuvant Regimens in Patients with Low-Grade Gliomas: A Network Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2023; 179:e474-e491. [PMID: 37673325 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of various adjuvant regimens in patients with low-grade gliomas and to further explore the optimal adjuvant treatment for patients with low-grade gliomas and the differences in the efficacy of each treatment regimens in different tumor types. METHODS A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted to screen randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials related to adjuvant therapy in patients with low-grade gliomas. The Cochrane quality assessment method and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of the included randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, respectively. The data from previous studies were extracted using Excel and GetData Graph Digitizer 2.26 software, and network meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 16.0 statistical software. RESULTS The specific ranking of 5-year progression-free survival (5-year PFS) for each treatment regimen from the best to the worst in patients with low-grade gliomas was surgery (S) combined with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (S + PCV); surgery combined with standard radiotherapy and PCV multidrug chemotherapy (S + RT + PCV); surgery combined with standard radiotherapy and temozolomide monotherapy (S + RT + TMZ); surgery combined with enhanced radiotherapy (S + H-RT); surgery combined with standard radiotherapy (S + RT); surgery combined with TMZ (S + TMZ); and S. The 5-year overall survival (OS) ranking was S + RT + TMZ, S + RT + PCV, surgery combined with enhanced radiotherapy and TMZ monotherapy (S + H-RT + TMZ), S + H-RT, S + RT, and S. The 2-year progression-free survival ranking was S + RT + TMZ, S + PCV, S + RT, S + RT + PCV, S + TMZ, S + H-RT, and S. The 2-year overall survival ranking was S + RT + TMZ, S + H-RT + TMZ, S + RT, S + RT + PCV, S + H-RT, and S. The incidence of adverse events (≥3) was ranked from highest to lowest as follows: S + RT + PCV, S + RT + TMZ, S + PCV, S + H-RT, S + TMZ, and S + RT. In the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutation nonchromosome 1p and 19q chromosome whole arm codeletion (IDHmt/noncoder) group, the S + RT + PCV and S + H-RT regimens had better 5-year PFS and 5-year OS. In the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutation and chromosome 1p and 19q chromosome whole arm codeletion (IDHmt/coder) group, the 5-year PFS of each treatment regimen ranked from the best to the worst was S + RT + TMZ, S + RT + PCV, S + H-RT, S + RT, S + TMZ, and S. The order of 5-year OS from the best to the worst was S + H-RT, S + RT + TMZ, S + RT + PCV, S + RT, and S. In the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 wild-type (IDHwt) group, the S + H-RT and S + TMZ regimens had better 5-year PFS. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that both the S + RT + TMZ and S + RT + PCV regimens might be effective therapies for treating patients with low-grade gliomas. Among these, the S + RT + TMZ regimen seemed to be safer but might lead to tumor deterioration. In the IDHmt/coder type, the S + RT + TMZ scheme might have a significant advantage. In the IDHmt/noncoder type, the S + RT + PCV scheme might be more dominant, while in the IDHwt type, the S + H-RT and S + TMZ schemes also might be good treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Dongpo
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liu Xiaozhuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Li Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zuo Zhengyao
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Wang Qing
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhen Fameng
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Fan Mingming
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Han Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Chen Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, China.
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15
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Luo Z, Eichinger KM, Zhang A, Li S. Targeting cancer metabolic pathways for improving chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 575:216396. [PMID: 37739209 PMCID: PMC10591810 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent discoveries in cancer metabolism have revealed promising metabolic targets to modulate cancer progression, drug response, and anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapy, consisting of metabolic inhibitors and chemotherapeutic or immunotherapeutic agents, offers new opportunities for improved cancer therapy. However, it also presents challenges due to the complexity of cancer metabolic pathways and the metabolic interactions between tumor cells and immune cells. Many studies have been published demonstrating potential synergy between novel inhibitors of metabolism and chemo/immunotherapy, yet our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Here, we review the current strategies of altering the metabolic pathways of cancer to improve the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy. We also note the need to differentiate the effect of metabolic inhibition on cancer cells and immune cells and highlight nanotechnology as an emerging solution. Improving our understanding of the complexity of the metabolic pathways in different cell populations and the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy will aid in the discovery of novel strategies that effectively restrict cancer growth and augment the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Anju Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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16
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Kinslow C, Siegelin MD, Iwamoto FM, Gallitto M, Neugut AI, Yu JB, Cheng SK, Wang TJC. MGMT promoter methylation in 1p19q-intact gliomas. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3393238. [PMID: 37886555 PMCID: PMC10602117 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3393238/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective Standard-of-care for 1p19q-intact anaplastic gliomas is defined by the international randomized phase III CATNON trial, which found an overall survival (OS) benefit for adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) when added to radiotherapy. Paradoxically, TMZ did not appear to benefit patients with IDH-wildtype gliomas, regardless of MGMT promoter status. The authors concluded that well-powered prospective study on the clinical efficacy of TMZ for patients with IDH-wildtype anaplastic gliomas (meeting criteria for glioblastoma) is warranted. Given that the prognostic and predictive role of MGMT status for grade 2-3 gliomas is unresolved, we determined the effect of MGMT status on OS in patients with 1p19q-intact gliomas in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods We queried the NCDB from 2018-2019 for patients with IDH-wildtype or -mutant astrocytomas who received chemotherapy with follow-up through 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regressions models were used to determine the association of MGMT with OS. Results We identified 1,514 patients who were newly diagnosed with IDH-wildtype (n = 802, 33% methylated) or - mutant astrocytomas (n = 712, 48% methylated) and received chemotherapy during initial management. An unmethylated promoter was associated with poorer survival in patients with IDH-wildtype (3-year OS 34% [95%CI 29-39%] vs. 46% [95%CI 39-54%], p < .001, adjusted HR 1.53 [95%CI 1.24-1.89]) but not IDH-mutant astrocytomas (3-year OS 79% [95%CI 74-84%] vs. 80% [95%CI 75-86%], p = .81, HR 1.04 [95%CI 0.73-1.50]). Conclusions This ancillary analysis supports adjuvant TMZ as standard-of-care for anaplastic astrocytomas (IDH-mutant and 1p19q-intact), irrespective of MGMT status. Determining the optimal strategy for diffuse gliomas that are IDH-wildtype will be particularly important. MGMT promoter methylation should be considered as a stratification factor in future clinical trials for these patients.
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17
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Hou Z, Hu J, Liu X, Yan Z, Zhang K, Fang S, Jiang T, Wang Y. Decision system for extent of resection in WHO grade 3 gliomas: a Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database analysis. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:461-471. [PMID: 37668945 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive surgical resection has been found to be associated with longer survival in patients with gliomas, but the interactive prognostic value of molecular pathology of the surgical resection is unclear. This study evaluated the impact of molecular pathology and clinical characteristics on the surgical benefit in WHO grade 3 IDH-mutant gliomas. METHODS Clinical and pathological information of 246 patients with WHO grade 3 IDH-mutant gliomas were collected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database (2006-2020). The role of the extent of resection on overall survival, stratified by molecular pathology and clinical characteristics, was investigated. We then assessed prognostic factors using a univariate log-rank test and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model in the subgroups. RESULTS The extent of resection was an independent prognostic factor in the entire cohort, even when adjusted for molecular pathology. Gross total resection was found to be associated with longer survival in all patients and in the astrocytoma group but not in the oligodendroglioma group. Compared with subtotal resections, gross total resections resulted in a longer survival time for astrocytoma patients aged ≤ 45 years. However, there was no survival benefit from total resection in patients with astrocytoma aged > 45 years. CONCLUSIONS Extensive resection benefits only a proportion of patients with WHO grade 3 IDH-mutant gliomas. Younger patients with astrocytomas had survival benefits from extensive resection. In addition to clinical characteristics (especially age), molecular pathology impacted prognosis in patients with gliomas. Our findings provide guiding information to neurosurgeons while planning surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, #119 Area A, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, #119 Area B, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zeya Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, #119 Area A, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, #119 Area B, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Shengyu Fang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, #119 Area B, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, #119 Area A, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, #119 Area B, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, #119 Area A, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, #119 Area B, Nansihuanxi Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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18
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Koay EJ, Javle M, Belknap M, Derasari S, Roach M, Ludmir EB. What Role Does Radiotherapy Play in the Molecular Era for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma? Cancer J 2023; 29:272-278. [PMID: 37796645 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease, yet with rising incidence globally. Most patients are not eligible for potentially curative surgical resection, and many patients with unresectable disease die within 12 months of diagnosis, primarily due to liver failure from the primary tumor. Recent prospective and retrospective studies indicate that local control of the primary tumor can be achieved with hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with unresectable disease, translating into prolonged survival of these patients. During the time that these encouraging reports for radiotherapy have been published, numerous concurrent studies have also shown that intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a molecularly diverse disease with multiple targetable genetic alterations and a complex tumor microenvironment. These biological insights have translated into new drug approvals for subsets of patients. We review the current knowledge about the biology and targeted treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and describe these developments in the context of modern radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene J Koay
- From the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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19
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Annakib S, Rigau V, Darlix A, Gozé C, Duffau H, Bauchet L, Jarlier M, Fabbro M. Bevacizumab in recurrent WHO grades II-III glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1212714. [PMID: 37534252 PMCID: PMC10391542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1212714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The management of recurrent WHO grades II-III (rGII-III) glioma is not well established. This study describes the clinical outcomes in patients who received bevacizumab as rescue treatment. Methods In this retrospective study, the main inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients with histologicaly proved rGII-III glioma according 2016 WHO classification treated with bevacizumab from 2011 to 2019, T1 contrast enhancement on MRI. Efficacy was assessed using the high-grade glioma 2017 Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Eighty-one patients were included (M/F ratio: 1.7, median age at diagnosis: 38 years) among whom 46 (56.8%) had an initial diagnosis of grade II glioma. Previous treatments included at least one surgical intervention, radiotherapy (98.8%), and ≥ 2 chemotherapy lines (64.2%). After bevacizumab initiation, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were observed in 27.2%, 22.2%, and 50.6% of patients. The median PFS and OS were 4.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.7-6.1) and 7.6 months (95% CI 5.5-9.9). Bevacizumab severe toxicity occurred in 12.3%. Twenty-four (29.6%) patients discontinued bevacizumab without radiological progression. Oligodendroglioma and age ≥ 38 years at diagnosis were more frequent in this subgroup (odds ratio = 0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.84, p = 0.023 and 0.36, 95% CI 0.13-0.99, p = 0.042). Ten of these 24 patients were alive at 12 months and two patients at 8 years after bevacizumab initiation, without any subsequent treatment. Conclusion Bevacizumab can be an option for heavily pretreated patients with rGII-III glioma with contrast enhancement. In our study, bevacizumab displayed prolonged activity in a subgroup of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufyan Annakib
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU de Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - Valérie Rigau
- Department of Pathology and Onco-biology, CHU de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amélie Darlix
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Gozé
- Department of Pathology and Onco-biology, CHU de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Bauchet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Fabbro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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20
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Picca A, Bruno F, Nichelli L, Sanson M, Rudà R. Advances in molecular and imaging biomarkers in lower-grade gliomas. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:1217-1231. [PMID: 37982735 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2285472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lower-grade (grade 2-3) gliomas (LGGs) constitutes a group of primary brain tumors with variable clinical behaviors and treatment responses. Recent advancements in molecular biology have redefined their classification, and novel imaging modalities emerged for the noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up. AREAS COVERED This review comprehensively analyses the current knowledge on molecular and imaging biomarkers in LGGs. Key molecular alterations, such as IDH mutations and 1p/19q codeletion, are discussed for their prognostic and predictive implications in guiding treatment decisions. Moreover, the authors explore theranostic biomarkers for the potential of tailored therapies. Additionally, they also describe the utility of advanced imaging modalities, including widely available techniques, as dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging and less validated, emerging approaches, for the noninvasive LGGs characterization and follow-up. EXPERT OPINION The integration of molecular markers enhanced the stratification of LGGs, leading to the new concept of integrated histomolecular classification. While the IDH mutation is an established key prognostic and predictive marker, recent results from IDH inhibitors trials showed its potential value as a theranostic marker. In this setting, advanced MRI techniques such as 2-D-hydroxyglutarate spectroscopy are very promising for the noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of LGGs. This progress offers exciting prospects for personalized medicine and improved treatment outcomes in LGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Picca
- Service de Neurologie 2 Mazarin, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMRS1127, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University and City of Health and Science University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Lucia Nichelli
- Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sanson
- Service de Neurologie 2 Mazarin, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMRS1127, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Rudà
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University and City of Health and Science University Hospital, Turin, Italy
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21
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Kinslow CJ, Mercurio A, Kumar P, Rae AI, Siegelin MD, Grinband J, Taparra K, Upadhyayula PS, McKhann GM, Sisti MB, Bruce JN, Canoll PD, Iwamoto FM, Kachnic LA, Yu JB, Cheng SK, Wang TJC. Association of MGMT Promoter Methylation With Survival in Low-grade and Anaplastic Gliomas After Alkylating Chemotherapy. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:919-927. [PMID: 37200021 PMCID: PMC10196932 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Importance O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT [OMIM 156569]) promoter methylation (mMGMT) is predictive of response to alkylating chemotherapy for glioblastomas and is routinely used to guide treatment decisions. However, the utility of MGMT promoter status for low-grade and anaplastic gliomas remains unclear due to molecular heterogeneity and the lack of sufficiently large data sets. Objective To evaluate the association of mMGMT for low-grade and anaplastic gliomas with chemotherapy response. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study aggregated grade II and III primary glioma data from 3 prospective cohort studies with patient data collected from August 13, 1995, to August 3, 2022, comprising 411 patients: MSK-IMPACT, EORTC (European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer) 26951, and Columbia University. Statistical analysis was performed from April 2022 to January 2023. Exposure MGMT promoter methylation status. Main Outcomes and Measures Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to assess the association of mMGMT status with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after adjusting for age, sex, molecular class, grade, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Subgroups were stratified by treatment status and World Health Organization 2016 molecular classification. Results A total of 411 patients (mean [SD] age, 44.1 [14.5] years; 283 men [58%]) met the inclusion criteria, 288 of whom received alkylating chemotherapy. MGMT promoter methylation was observed in 42% of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type gliomas (56 of 135), 53% of IDH-mutant and non-codeleted gliomas (79 of 149), and 74% of IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted gliomas (94 of 127). Among patients who received chemotherapy, mMGMT was associated with improved PFS (median, 68 months [95% CI, 54-132 months] vs 30 months [95% CI, 15-54 months]; log-rank P < .001; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for unmethylated MGMT, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.39-2.75]; P < .001) and OS (median, 137 months [95% CI, 104 months to not reached] vs 61 months [95% CI, 47-97 months]; log-rank P < .001; aHR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.11-2.46]; P = .01). After adjusting for clinical factors, MGMT promoter status was associated with chemotherapy response in IDH-wild-type gliomas (aHR for PFS, 2.15 [95% CI, 1.26-3.66]; P = .005; aHR for OS, 1.69 [95% CI, 0.98-2.91]; P = .06) and IDH-mutant and codeleted gliomas (aHR for PFS, 2.99 [95% CI, 1.44-6.21]; P = .003; aHR for OS, 4.21 [95% CI, 1.25-14.2]; P = .02), but not IDH-mutant and non-codeleted gliomas (aHR for PFS, 1.19 [95% CI, 0.67-2.12]; P = .56; aHR for OS, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.54-2.12]; P = .85). Among patients who did not receive chemotherapy, mMGMT status was not associated with PFS or OS. Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that mMGMT is associated with response to alkylating chemotherapy for low-grade and anaplastic gliomas and may be considered as a stratification factor in future clinical trials of patients with IDH-wild-type and IDH-mutant and codeleted tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J. Kinslow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ann Mercurio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Prashanth Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ali I. Rae
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland
| | - Markus D. Siegelin
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jack Grinband
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Kekoa Taparra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Pavan S. Upadhyayula
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guy M. McKhann
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael B. Sisti
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey N. Bruce
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter D. Canoll
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Fabio M. Iwamoto
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lisa A. Kachnic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - James B. Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Simon K. Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Tony J. C. Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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22
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Liu Z, Li W, You G, Hu Z, Liu Y, Zheng N. Genomic analysis of immunogenic cell death-related subtypes for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes in glioblastoma multiforme. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230716. [PMID: 37273917 PMCID: PMC10238813 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a unique form of cancer cell death, has therapeutic potential in anti-tumour immunotherapy. The aim of this study is to explore the predictive potential of ICD in the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). RNA sequencing data and clinical information were downloaded from three databases. Unsupervised consistency clustering analysis was used to identify ICD-related clusters and gene clusters. Additionally, the ICD scores were determined using principal component analysis and the Boruta algorithm via dimensionality reduction techniques. Subsequently, three ICD-related clusters and three gene clusters with different prognoses were identified, with differences in specific tumour immune infiltration-related lymphocytes in these clusters. Moreover, the ICD score was well differentiated among patients with GBM, and the ICD score was considered an independent prognostic factor for patients with GBM. Furthermore, two datasets were used for the external validation of ICD scores as predictors of prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes. The validation analysis suggested that patients with high ICD scores had a worse prognosis. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients with high ICD scores were non-responsive to immunotherapy. Thus, the ICD score has the potential as a biomarker to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiye Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoliang You
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The People’s Hospital of Leshan City, Leshan614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Leshan Shizhong District People’s Hospital, Leshan614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuji Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The People’s Hospital of Leshan City, Leshan614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Niandong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, Sichuan, China
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23
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Shi DD, Anand S, Abdullah KG, McBrayer SK. DNA damage in IDH-mutant gliomas: mechanisms and clinical implications. J Neurooncol 2023; 162:515-523. [PMID: 36352183 PMCID: PMC10956168 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the discovery of IDH mutations in glioma over a decade ago, significant progress has been made in determining how these mutations affect epigenetic, transcriptomic, and metabolic programs in brain tumor cells. In this article, we summarize current understanding of how IDH mutations influence DNA damage in glioma and discuss clinical implications of these findings. METHODS We performed a thorough review of peer-reviewed publications and provide an overview of key mechanisms by which IDH mutations impact response to DNA damage in gliomas, with an emphasis on clinical implications. RESULTS The effects of mutant IDH on DNA damage largely fall into four overarching categories: Gene Expression, Sensitivity to Alkylating Agents, Homologous Recombination, and Oxidative Stress. From a mechanistic standpoint, we discuss how mutant IDH and the oncometabolite (R)-2HG affect each of these categories of DNA damage. We also contextualize these mechanisms with respect to ongoing clinical trials. Studies are underway that incorporate current standard-of-care therapies, including radiation and alkylating agents, in addition to novel therapeutic agents that exert genotoxic stress specifically in IDH-mutant gliomas. Lastly, we discuss key unanswered questions and emerging data in this field that have important implications for our understanding of glioma biology and for the development of new brain tumor therapies. CONCLUSION Mounting preclinical and clinical data suggest that IDH mutations alter DNA damage sensing and repair pathways through distinct mechanisms. Future studies are needed to deepen our understanding of these processes and provide additional mechanistic insights that can be leveraged for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana D Shi
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, MA 02215, Boston, USA
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75390, Dallas, USA
| | - Soummitra Anand
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75390, Dallas, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, TX 75390, Dallas, USA
| | - Kalil G Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Hillman Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 15232, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Samuel K McBrayer
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75390, Dallas, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75390, Dallas, USA.
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX 75235, Dallas, USA.
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24
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Sachdev S, Dmello C, Sonabend AM. Radiosensitization of IDH-Mutated Gliomas through ZMYND8 - a Pathway to Improved Outcomes. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1648-1650. [PMID: 36826993 PMCID: PMC10159893 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-mutant (IDH1m) gliomas are recalcitrant tumors for which radiotherapy remains a standard treatment. A recent study identified ZMYND8 as a key mediator of radioresistance for IDH1m gliomas, and pharmacologic targeting of this pathway may heighten radiotherapy-induced tumor response, providing a prospect of improved clinical outcomes. See related article by Carney et al., p. 1763.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Sachdev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, 676 N. St Clair Street, Suite 1820, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL
| | - Adam M. Sonabend
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL
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25
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Wei Y, Li G, Feng J, Wu F, Zhao Z, Bao Z, Zhang W, Su X, Li J, Qi X, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Vega SF, Jakola AS, Sun Y, Carén H, Jiang T, Fan X. Stalled oligodendrocyte differentiation in IDH-mutant gliomas. Genome Med 2023; 15:24. [PMID: 37055795 PMCID: PMC10103394 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roughly 50% of adult gliomas harbor isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations. According to the 2021 WHO classification guideline, these gliomas are diagnosed as astrocytomas, harboring no 1p19q co-deletion, or oligodendrogliomas, harboring 1p19q co-deletion. Recent studies report that IDH-mutant gliomas share a common developmental hierarchy. However, the neural lineages and differentiation stages in IDH-mutant gliomas remain inadequately characterized. METHODS Using bulk transcriptomes and single-cell transcriptomes, we identified genes enriched in IDH-mutant gliomas with or without 1p19q co-deletion, we also assessed the expression pattern of stage-specific signatures and key regulators of oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. We compared the expression of oligodendrocyte lineage stage-specific markers between quiescent and proliferating malignant single cells. The gene expression profiles were validated using RNAscope analysis and myelin staining and were further substantiated using data of DNA methylation and single-cell ATAC-seq. As a control, we assessed the expression pattern of astrocyte lineage markers. RESULTS Genes concordantly enriched in both subtypes of IDH-mutant gliomas are upregulated in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC). Signatures of early stages of oligodendrocyte lineage and key regulators of OPC specification and maintenance are enriched in all IDH-mutant gliomas. In contrast, signature of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, myelination regulators, and myelin components are significantly down-regulated or absent in IDH-mutant gliomas. Further, single-cell transcriptomes of IDH-mutant gliomas are similar to OPC and differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte progenitors, but not to myelinating oligodendrocyte. Most IDH-mutant glioma cells are quiescent; quiescent cells and proliferating cells resemble the same differentiation stage of oligodendrocyte lineage. Mirroring the gene expression profiles along the oligodendrocyte lineage, analyses of DNA methylation and single-cell ATAC-seq data demonstrate that genes of myelination regulators and myelin components are hypermethylated and show inaccessible chromatin status, whereas regulators of OPC specification and maintenance are hypomethylated and show open chromatin status. Markers of astrocyte precursors are not enriched in IDH-mutant gliomas. CONCLUSIONS Our studies show that despite differences in clinical manifestation and genomic alterations, all IDH-mutant gliomas resemble early stages of oligodendrocyte lineage and are stalled in oligodendrocyte differentiation due to blocked myelination program. These findings provide a framework to accommodate biological features and therapy development for IDH-mutant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wei
- Department of Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhang Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhaoshi Bao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiaodong Su
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Xueling Qi
- Department of Pathology, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zejun Duan
- Department of Pathology, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yunqiu Zhang
- Center of Growth Metabolism & Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sandra Ferreyra Vega
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41390, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Asgeir Store Jakola
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41390, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, 41390, Sweden
| | - Yingyu Sun
- Department of Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Helena Carén
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41390, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA), Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- Department of Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA), Beijing, 100070, China.
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26
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van den Bent MJ. Thirty years of progress in the management of low-grade gliomas. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:425-429. [PMID: 37029057 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews 30 years of developments in the area of low-grade gliomas. This includes the changes in diagnostics with the incorporation of 1p/19q and IDH mutations in the diagnostic classifier, the improved surgical techniques, improved delivery of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. More recently, the better understanding of the altered cellular processes has lead to the development of novel drugs that may alter completely alter the management of patients early in the course of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J van den Bent
- Brain Tumor Center, ErasmusMC Cancer Institute, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, Doctor Molenwaterplein, 40, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Kim MS, Go SI, Wee CW, Lee MH, Kang SG, Go KO, Kwon SM, Kim W, Dho YS, Park SH, Seo Y, Song SW, Ahn S, Oh HJ, Yoon HI, Lee SW, Lee JH, Cho KR, Choi JW, Hong JB, Hwang K, Park CK, Lim DH. The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for the Management of Brain Tumor Patients During the Crisis Period: A Consensus Survey About Specific Clinical Scenarios (Version 2023.1). Brain Tumor Res Treat 2023; 11:133-139. [PMID: 37151155 PMCID: PMC10172008 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a shortage of medical resources and the need for proper treatment guidelines for brain tumor patients became more pressing. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, has undertaken efforts to develop a guideline that is tailored to the domestic situation and that can be used in similar crisis situations in the future. As part II of the guideline, this consensus survey is to suggest management options in specific clinical scenarios during the crisis period. METHODS The KSNO Guideline Working Group consisted of 22 multidisciplinary experts on neuro-oncology in Korea. In order to confirm a consensus reached by the experts, opinions on 5 specific clinical scenarios about the management of brain tumor patients during the crisis period were devised and asked. To build-up the consensus process, Delphi method was employed. RESULTS The summary of the final consensus from each scenario are as follows. For patients with newly diagnosed astrocytoma with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant and oligodendroglioma with IDH-mutant/1p19q codeleted, observation was preferred for patients with low-risk, World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2, and Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) ≥60, while adjuvant radiotherapy alone was preferred for patients with high-risk, WHO grade 2, and KPS ≥60. For newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma, the most preferred adjuvant treatment strategy after surgery was radiotherapy plus temozolomide except for patients aged ≥70 years with KPS of 60 and unmethylated MGMT promoters. In patients with symptomatic brain metastasis, the preferred treatment differed according to the number of brain metastasis and performance status. For patients with newly diagnosed atypical meningioma, adjuvant radiation was deferred in patients with older age, poor performance status, complete resection, or low mitotic count. CONCLUSION It is imperative that proper medical care for brain tumor patients be sustained and provided, even during the crisis period. The findings of this consensus survey will be a useful reference in determining appropriate treatment options for brain tumor patients in the specific clinical scenarios covered by the survey during the future crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Il Go
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Chan Woo Wee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-O Go
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Sae Min Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Woohyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Dho
- Neuro-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngbeom Seo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Song
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stephen Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hong In Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sea-Won Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Rae Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Beom Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihwan Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Do Hoon Lim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim MS, Go SI, Wee CW, Lee MH, Kang SG, Go KO, Kwon SM, Kim W, Dho YS, Park SH, Seo Y, Song SW, Ahn S, Oh HJ, Yoon HI, Lee SW, Lee JH, Cho KR, Choi JW, Hong JB, Hwang K, Park CK, Lim DH. The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for the Management of Brain Tumor Patients During the Crisis Period: A Consensus Recommendation Using the Delphi Method (Version 2023.1). Brain Tumor Res Treat 2023; 11:123-132. [PMID: 37151154 PMCID: PMC10172012 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2023.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the need for appropriate treatment guidelines for patients with brain tumors was indispensable due to the lack and limitations of medical resources. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, has undertaken efforts to develop a guideline that is tailored to the domestic situation and that can be used in similar crisis situations in the future. METHODS The KSNO Guideline Working Group was composed of 22 multidisciplinary experts on neuro-oncology in Korea. In order to reach consensus among the experts, the Delphi method was used to build up the final recommendations. RESULTS All participating experts completed the series of surveys, and the results of final survey were used to draft the current consensus recommendations. Priority levels of surgery and radiotherapy during crises were proposed using appropriate time window-based criteria for management outcome. The highest priority for surgery is assigned to patients who are life-threatening or have a risk of significant impact on a patient's prognosis unless immediate intervention is given within 24-48 hours. As for the radiotherapy, patients who are at risk of compromising their overall survival or neurological status within 4-6 weeks are assigned to the highest priority. Curative-intent chemotherapy has the highest priority, followed by neoadjuvant/adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy during a crisis period. Telemedicine should be actively considered as a management tool for brain tumor patients during the mass infection crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION It is crucial that adequate medical care for patients with brain tumors is maintained and provided, even during times of crisis. This guideline will serve as a valuable resource, assisting in the delivery of treatment to brain tumor patients in the event of any future crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Il Go
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Chan Woo Wee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-O Go
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Sae Min Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Woohyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Dho
- Neuro-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngbeom Seo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Song
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stephen Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hong In Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sea-Won Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Rae Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Beom Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihwan Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Do Hoon Lim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Radiomic features from dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging improve the three-class prediction of molecular subtypes in patients with adult diffuse gliomas. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:3455-3466. [PMID: 36853347 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether radiomic features extracted from dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) can improve the prediction of the molecular subtypes of adult diffuse gliomas, and to further develop and validate a multimodal radiomic model by integrating radiomic features from conventional and perfusion MRI. METHODS We extracted 1197 radiomic features from each sequence of conventional MRI and DSC-PWI, respectively. The Boruta algorithm was used for feature selection and combination, and a three-class random forest method was applied to construct the models. We also constructed a combined model by integrating radiomic features and clinical metrics. The models' diagnostic performance for discriminating the molecular subtypes (IDH wild type [IDHwt], IDH mutant and 1p/19q-noncodeleted [IDHmut-noncodel], and IDH mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted [IDHmut-codel]) was compared using AUCs in the validation set. RESULTS We included 272 patients (training set, n = 166; validation set, n = 106) with grade II-IV gliomas (mean age, 48.7 years; range, 19-77 years). The proportions of the molecular subtypes were 66.2% IDHwt, 15.1% IDHmut-noncodel, and 18.8% IDHmut-codel. Nineteen radiomic features (13 from conventional MRI and 6 from DSC-PWI) were selected to build the multimodal radiomic model. In the validation set, the multimodal radiomic model showed better performance than the conventional radiomic model did in predicting the IDHwt and IDHmut-codel subtypes, which was comparable to the conventional radiomic model in predicting the IDHmut-noncodel subtype. The multimodal radiomic model yielded similar performance as the combined model in predicting the three molecular subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Adding DSC-PWI to conventional MRI can improve molecular subtype prediction in patients with diffuse gliomas. KEY POINTS • The multimodal radiomic model outperformed conventional MRI when predicting both the IDH wild type and IDH mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted subtypes of gliomas. • The multimodal radiomic model showed comparable performance to the combined model in the prediction of the three molecular subtypes. • Radiomic features from T1-weighted gadolinium contrast-enhanced and relative cerebral blood volume images played an important role in the prediction of molecular subtypes.
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Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas: A Treatment Hurdle or an Opportunity to Grab? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041042. [PMID: 36831383 PMCID: PMC9954692 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent central nervous system (CNS) primary tumors. The prognosis and clinical outcomes of these malignancies strongly diverge according to their molecular alterations and range from a few months to decades. The tumor-associated microenvironment involves all cells and connective tissues surrounding tumor cells. The composition of the microenvironment as well as the interactions with associated neoplastic mass, are both variables assuming an increasing interest in these last years. This is mainly because the microenvironment can mediate progression, invasion, dedifferentiation, resistance to treatment, and relapse of primary gliomas. In particular, the tumor microenvironment strongly diverges from isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutated and wild-type (wt) tumors. Indeed, IDH mutated gliomas often show a lower infiltration of immune cells with reduced angiogenesis as compared to IDH wt gliomas. On the other hand, IDH wt tumors exhibit a strong immune infiltration mediated by several cytokines and chemokines, including CCL2, CCL7, GDNF, CSF-1, GM-CSF, etc. The presence of several factors, including Sox2, Oct4, PD-L1, FAS-L, and TGF β2, also mediate an immune switch toward a regulatory inhibited immune system. Other important interactions are described between IDH wt glioblastoma cells and astrocytes, neurons, and stem cells, while these interactions are less elucidated in IDH-mutated tumors. The possibility of targeting the microenvironment is an intriguing perspective in terms of therapeutic drug development. In this review, we summarized available evidence related to the glioma microenvironment, focusing on differences within different glioma subtypes and on possible therapeutic development.
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Liu K, Liao X, Chen Y, Jiang S. Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone for Resected Oligodendroglioma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Analysis. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:e37-e44. [PMID: 36273731 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The benefit of postoperative adjuvant therapy for survival of oligodendrocyte glioma remains unclear. In this study, we compared the effect of chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and chemotherapy (CT) alone in patients who underwent resection. We aim to identify which adjuvant therapy provides more survival benefits. METHODS We identified patients who underwent oligodendroglioma resection in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors affecting survival rates. We used a propensity matching analysis to minimize selection bias in each group. We performed subgroup analyses based on patients' clinical characteristics. RESULTS This study identified 1826 patients who received adjuvant CT (n = 503) or adjuvant CRT (n = 1323). On multivariate analysis, elderly, white and other race, and temporal lobe and parietal lobe tumor site were independent risk factors for improved overall survival (OS). After 1:1 propensity match, we included 501 patients who received CT and 501 with CRT. Patients in the CT group showed improved overall survival rate compared with those who received CRT (median OS: 146 months vs. 111 months). Subgroup analysis showed that improved overall survival in CT group was more significant in patients who were younger or older, male or female, white race, frontal lobe and parietal lobe tumor site, smaller tumor size (≤4 cm), and with gross total resection (GTR) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In patients with resected oligodendroglioma, adjuvant CT is associated with better survival compared to adjuvant CRT. The benefit was more significant in patients who were younger and older, male and female, white race, frontal lobe and parietal lobe tumor site, smaller tumor size (≤4 cm), and with GTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan City People's Hospital), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozu Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan City People's Hospital), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan City People's Hospital), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengjie Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan City People's Hospital), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
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32
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Miller JJ, Gonzalez Castro LN, McBrayer S, Weller M, Cloughesy T, Portnow J, Andronesi O, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Baumert BG, Berger MS, Bi WL, Bindra R, Cahill DP, Chang SM, Costello JF, Horbinski C, Huang RY, Jenkins RB, Ligon KL, Mellinghoff IK, Nabors LB, Platten M, Reardon DA, Shi DD, Schiff D, Wick W, Yan H, von Deimling A, van den Bent M, Kaelin WG, Wen PY. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on diagnosis, management, and future directions. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:4-25. [PMID: 36239925 PMCID: PMC9825337 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are the most common adult, malignant primary brain tumors diagnosed in patients younger than 50, constituting an important cause of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there has been significant progress in understanding the molecular pathogenesis and biology of these tumors, sparking multiple efforts to improve their diagnosis and treatment. In this consensus review from the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO), the current diagnosis and management of IDH-mutant gliomas will be discussed. In addition, novel therapies, such as targeted molecular therapies and immunotherapies, will be reviewed. Current challenges and future directions for research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie J Miller
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Nicolas Gonzalez Castro
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel McBrayer
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75235, USA
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jana Portnow
- Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Informatics and Data Science (IDS), Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology (CBIIT), Trans-Divisional Research Program (TDRP), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brigitta G Baumert
- Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Institute of Radiation-Oncology, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell S Berger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ranjit Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Brain Tumor Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Individualized Medicine Research, Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, Minnesota 55901, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Department of Neurology, Evnin Family Chair in Neuro-Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael Platten
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David A Reardon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana D Shi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Schiff
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neuro-Oncology at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Program Chair of Neuro-Oncology at the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), and Neurology and Chairman at the Neurology Clinic in Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hai Yan
- Genetron Health Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20879, USA
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, and, Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and, DKTK, INF 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin van den Bent
- Brain Tumour Centre, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William G Kaelin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Li S, Wang C, Chen J, Lan Y, Zhang W, Kang Z, Zheng Y, Zhang R, Yu J, Li W. Signaling pathways in brain tumors and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:8. [PMID: 36596785 PMCID: PMC9810702 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors, although rare, contribute to distinct mortality and morbidity at all ages. Although there are few therapeutic options for brain tumors, enhanced biological understanding and unexampled innovations in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have considerably improved patients' prognoses. Nonetheless, the reduced response rates and unavoidable drug resistance of currently available treatment approaches have become a barrier to further improvement in brain tumor (glioma, meningioma, CNS germ cell tumors, and CNS lymphoma) treatment. Previous literature data revealed that several different signaling pathways are dysregulated in brain tumor. Importantly, a better understanding of targeting signaling pathways that influences malignant behavior of brain tumor cells might open the way for the development of novel targeted therapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of these brain tumors, which might result in greater progress in therapeutic approaches. This paper began with a brief description of the epidemiology, incidence, risk factors, as well as survival of brain tumors. Next, the major signaling pathways underlying these brain tumors' pathogenesis and current progress in therapies, including clinical trials, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and system therapies, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Finally, future perspective and challenges of development of novel therapeutic strategies in brain tumor were emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Li
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyi Chen
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Lan
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichunbai Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Yu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Belyaev AY, Kobyakov GL, Shmakov PN, Efremov KV, Pronin IN, Usachev DY. [Prognosis of overall and disease-free survival in patients with grade 3 astrocytomas (anaplastic astrocytoma, WHO 2016)]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEIROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2023; 87:46-57. [PMID: 37650276 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20238704146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) is a rare intracerebral tumor. Therefore, the number of studies devoted to risk factors of overall and disease-free survival is small. This single-center clinical study is devoted to various factors influencing prognosis of treatment in this group of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study included 389 patients diagnosed with grade 3 astrocytoma. We analyzed dependence of overall and disease-free survival from the following factors: gender, age of onset of disease, tumor extent, surgery, neurological disorders before and after surgery (NANO grading system), Ki67 index, postoperative radio- and chemotherapy (number courses, treatment regimens). RESULTS Significant risk factors for overall and disease-free survival were spread and volume of tumor, postoperative neurological aggravation, Ki67 index, IDH mutation, radio- and chemotherapy. Age, frontal lobe tumor and disease manifestation variant were significant only for overall, but not for disease-free survival. CONCLUSION This study was based on material of one of the largest clinical series of patients with AA operated on in one center in «molecular» era. Our results are consistent with previous data. Analysis of tumor biology and risk factors for IDH-negative AA without molecular signs of glioblastoma may be perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P N Shmakov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - K V Efremov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - I N Pronin
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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Horbinski C, Nabors LB, Portnow J, Baehring J, Bhatia A, Bloch O, Brem S, Butowski N, Cannon DM, Chao S, Chheda MG, Fabiano AJ, Forsyth P, Gigilio P, Hattangadi-Gluth J, Holdhoff M, Junck L, Kaley T, Merrell R, Mrugala MM, Nagpal S, Nedzi LA, Nevel K, Nghiemphu PL, Parney I, Patel TR, Peters K, Puduvalli VK, Rockhill J, Rusthoven C, Shonka N, Swinnen LJ, Weiss S, Wen PY, Willmarth NE, Bergman MA, Darlow S. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Central Nervous System Cancers, Version 2.2022. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023; 21:12-20. [PMID: 36634606 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The NCCN Guidelines for Central Nervous System (CNS) Cancers focus on management of the following adult CNS cancers: glioma (WHO grade 1, WHO grade 2-3 oligodendroglioma [1p19q codeleted, IDH-mutant], WHO grade 2-4 IDH-mutant astrocytoma, WHO grade 4 glioblastoma), intracranial and spinal ependymomas, medulloblastoma, limited and extensive brain metastases, leptomeningeal metastases, non-AIDS-related primary CNS lymphomas, metastatic spine tumors, meningiomas, and primary spinal cord tumors. The information contained in the algorithms and principles of management sections in the NCCN Guidelines for CNS Cancers are designed to help clinicians navigate through the complex management of patients with CNS tumors. Several important principles guide surgical management and treatment with radiotherapy and systemic therapy for adults with brain tumors. The NCCN CNS Cancers Panel meets at least annually to review comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant new data from publications and abstracts, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel's most recent recommendations regarding molecular profiling of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Horbinski
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Steven Brem
- Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Samuel Chao
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Milan G Chheda
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Pierre Gigilio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucien A Nedzi
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - Kathryn Nevel
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | - Lode J Swinnen
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
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Wu PB, Filley AC, Miller ML, Bruce JN. Benign Glioma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1405:31-71. [PMID: 37452934 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Benign glioma broadly refers to a heterogeneous group of slow-growing glial tumors with low proliferative rates and a more indolent clinical course. These tumors may also be described as "low-grade" glioma (LGG) and are classified as WHO grade I or II lesions according to the Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) (Louis et al. in Acta Neuropathol 114:97-109, 2007). Advances in molecular genetics have improved understanding of glioma tumorigenesis, leading to the identification of common mutation profiles with significant treatment and prognostic implications. The most recent WHO 2016 classification system has introduced several notable changes in the way that gliomas are diagnosed, with a new emphasis on molecular features as key factors in differentiation (Wesseling and Capper in Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 44:139-150, 2018). Benign gliomas have a predilection for younger patients and are among the most frequently diagnosed tumors in children and young adults (Ostrom et al. in Neuro Oncol 22:iv1-iv96, 2020). These tumors can be separated into two clinically distinct subgroups. The first group is of focal, well-circumscribed lesions that notably are not associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Primarily diagnosed in pediatric patients, these WHO grade I tumors may be cured with surgical resection alone (Sturm et al. in J Clin Oncol 35:2370-2377, 2017). Recurrence rates are low, and the prognosis for these patients is excellent (Ostrom et al. in Neuro Oncol 22:iv1-iv96, 2020). Diffuse gliomas are WHO grade II lesions with a more infiltrative pattern of growth and high propensity for recurrence. These tumors are primarily diagnosed in young adult patients, and classically present with seizures (Pallud et al. Brain 137:449-462, 2014). The term "benign" is a misnomer in many cases, as the natural history of these tumors is with malignant transformation and recurrence as grade III or grade IV tumors (Jooma et al. in J Neurosurg 14:356-363, 2019). For all LGG, surgery with maximal safe resection is the treatment of choice for both primary and recurrent tumors. The goal of surgery should be for gross total resection (GTR), as complete tumor removal is associated with higher rates of tumor control and seizure freedom. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT), while not typically a component of first-line treatment in most cases, may be employed as adjunctive therapy in high-risk or recurrent tumors and in some select cases. The prognosis of benign gliomas varies widely; non-infiltrative tumor subtypes generally have an excellent prognosis, while diffusely infiltrative tumors, although slow-growing, are eventually fatal (Sturm et al. in J Clin Oncol 35:2370-2377, 2017). This chapter reviews the shared and unique individual features of the benign glioma including diffuse glioma, pilocytic astrocytoma and pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), subependymoma (SE), angiocentric glioma (AG), and chordoid glioma (CG). Also discussed is ganglioglioma (GG), a mixed neuronal-glial tumor that represents a notable diagnosis in the differential for other LGG (Wesseling and Capper 2018). Ependymomas of the brain and spinal cord, including major histologic subtypes, are discussed in other chapters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Anna C Filley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Michael L Miller
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA.
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Proton radiotherapy in the treatment of IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas: an early experience from shanghai proton and heavy ion center. J Neurooncol 2022; 162:503-514. [PMID: 36583815 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to the presence or absence of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, the 2021 WHO classification system bisected diffuse gliomas into IDH-mutant tumors and IDH-wildtype tumors. This study was aimed to evaluate the outcomes of proton radiotherapy treating IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between May 2015 and May 2022, a total of 52 consecutive patients with IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas were treated at Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center. Tumor histologies were 33 cases of astrocytoma and 19 cases of oligodendroglioma. Tumor classified by WHO grade 2, 3 and 4 were 22, 25, and 5 cases, respectively. All 22 patients with WHO grade 2 tumors and one patient with brain stem WHO grade 4 tumor were irradiated with 54GyE. The other 29 patients with WHO grade 3 and 4 tumors were irradiated with 60GyE. Temozolomide was recommended to all patients, and was eventually conducted in 50 patients. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 21.7 months. The 12/24-month progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates for the entire cohort were 97.6%/78.4% and 100%/91.0% group. Examined by both univariate and multivariate analysis, WHO grade of tumor were of the most significant impact for both PFS and OS. No severe acute toxicity (grade 3 or above) was found. In terms of late toxicity, grade 3 radio-necrosis was developed in one case of oligodendroglioma, WHO grade 3. CONCLUSION Proton radiotherapy produced a favorable outcome with acceptable adverse-effects in patients with IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas.
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Chen G, He Z, Jiang W, Li L, Luo B, Wang X, Zheng X. Construction of a machine learning-based artificial neural network for discriminating PANoptosis related subgroups to predict prognosis in low-grade gliomas. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22119. [PMID: 36543888 PMCID: PMC9770564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of gliomas necessitates the search for biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes. Recent studies have shown that PANoptosis play an important role in tumor progression. However, the role of PANoptosis in in gliomas has not been fully clarified.Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) from TCGA and CGGA database were classified into two PANoptosis patterns based on the expression of PANoptosis related genes (PRGs) using consensus clustering method, followed which the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two PANoptosis patterns were defined as PANoptosis related gene signature. Subsequently, LGGs were separated into two PANoptosis related gene clusters with distinct prognosis based on PANoptosis related gene signature. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis confirmed the prognostic values of PANoptosis related gene cluster, based on which a nomogram model was constructed to predict the prognosis in LGGs. ESTIMATE algorithm, MCP counter and CIBERSORT algorithm were utilized to explore the distinct characteristics of tumor microenvironment (TME) between two PANoptosis related gene clusters. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on machine learning methods was developed to discriminate distinct PANoptosis related gene clusters. Two external datasets were used to verify the performance of the ANN model. The Human Protein Atlas website and western blotting were utilized to confirm the expression of the featured genes involved the ANN model. We developed a machine learning based ANN model for discriminating PANoptosis related subgroups with drawing implications in predicting prognosis in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuanFei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - ZhongMing He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - LuLu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Bo Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - XiaoYu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - XiaoLi Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Svenjeby C, Carstam L, Werlenius K, Bontell TO, Rydén I, Jacobsson J, Dénes A, Jakola AS, Corell A. Changes in clinical management of diffuse IDH-mutated lower-grade gliomas: patterns of care in a 15-year period. J Neurooncol 2022; 160:535-543. [PMID: 36434487 PMCID: PMC9758083 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutated diffuse lower-grade gliomas (dLGG) are infiltrating brain tumors and increasing evidence is in favor of early multimodal treatment. In a Scandinavian population-based setting, we wanted to study treatment patterns over the last 15 years, focusing on the short-term postoperative course to better understand the potential negative consequences of treatment. METHODS Patients ≥ 18 years with primary IDH-mutated dLGG grade 2 and 3, operated between January 2007-June 2021 were identified. Patients were divided into subgroups (2007-2011, 2012-2016, and 2017-2021) and comparisons regarding tumor- and disease characteristics, treatment, and postoperative outcome were performed. RESULTS We identified 202 patients (n = 61, 2007-2011; n = 72, 2012-2016; n = 69, 2017-2021), where of 193 underwent resection without change in proportion of resections over time. More patients underwent complete resections in recent times (6.1%; 15.7%; 26.1%, respectively; p = 0.016). Forty-two patients had any neurological deficit postoperatively (14.8%; 23.6%; 23.2%; p = 0.379), mostly minor and transient. Differences in oncological therapy were seen between the investigated subgroups. Early radiotherapy alone (32.8%; 7%; 2.9%; p < 0.001), concomitant chemoradiotherapy (23%; 37.5%; 17.4%; p = 0.022), sequential chemoradiotherapy (0%; 18%; 49.3%; p < 0.001), and no adjuvant treatment (42.6%; 23.6%; 18.8%; p = 0.009) shifted during the studied period. Increasingly more patients received proton radiotherapy compared to photon radiotherapy during the later time periods (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Complete resections were performed more often in later time periods without an apparent increase in surgical morbidity. Early adjuvant oncological treatment shifted towards providing chemotherapy and combined chemoradiotherapy more often in later time periods. Protons replaced photons as the radiation modality of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Svenjeby
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Carstam
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katja Werlenius
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Olsson Bontell
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Rydén
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Jacobsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Dénes
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Asgeir S. Jakola
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alba Corell
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Zhang M, Li M, Liu J, Gu Z, Lu Y, Long Y, Hou Y. Establishing a glutamine metabolism-based model for predicting the prognosis of low-grade glioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1030837. [PMID: 36482907 PMCID: PMC9723145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1030837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The natural history of patients with low-grade glioma (LGG) varies widely, but most patients eventually deteriorate, leading to poor prognostic outcomes. We aim to develop biological models that can accurately predict the outcome of LGG prognosis. Methods: Prognostic genes for glutamine metabolism were searched by univariate Cox regression, and molecular typing was constructed. Functional enrichment analysis was done to evaluate potential prognostic-related pathways by analyzing differential genes in different subtypes. Enrichment scores of specific gene sets in different subtypes were measured by gene set enrichment analysis. Different immune infiltration levels among subtypes were calculated using algorithms such as CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE. Gene expression levels of prognostic-related gene signatures of glutamine metabolism phenotypes were used to construct a RiskScore model. Receiver operating characteristic curve, decision curve and calibration curve analyses were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the risk model. The decision tree model was used to determine the best predictor variable ultimately. Results: We found that C1 had the worst prognosis and the highest level of immune infiltration, among which the highest macrophage infiltration can be found in the M2 stage. Moreover, most of the pathways associated with tumor development, such as MYC_TARGETS_V1 and EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION, were significantly enriched in C1. The wild-type IDH and MGMT hypermethylation were the most abundant in C1. A five-gene risk model related to glutamine metabolism phenotype was established with good performance in both training and validation datasets. The final decision tree demonstrated the RiskScore model as the most significant predictor of prognostic outcomes in individuals with LGG. Conclusion: The RiskScore model related to glutamine metabolism can be an exceedingly accurate predictor for LGG patients, providing valuable suggestions for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Zhicheng Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yanmei Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yuyi Hou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Alden RS, Kamran MZ, Bashjawish BA, Simone BA. Glutamine metabolism and radiosensitivity: Beyond the Warburg effect. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1070514. [PMID: 36465373 PMCID: PMC9712788 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1070514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting data suggest that cancer cell metabolism can be utilized therapeutically to halt cell proliferation, metastasis and disease progression. Radiation therapy is a critical component of cancer treatment in curative and palliative settings. The use of metabolism-based therapeutics has become increasingly popular in combination with radiotherapy to overcome radioresistance. Over the past year, a focus on glutamine metabolism in the setting of cancer therapy has emerged. In this mini-review, we discuss several important ways (DNA damage repair, oxidative stress, epigenetic modification and immune modulation) glutamine metabolism drives cancer growth and progression, and present data that inhibition of glutamine utilization can lead to radiosensitization in preclinical models. Future research is needed in the clinical realm to determine whether glutamine antagonism is a feasible synergistic therapy that can be combined with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brittany A. Simone
- Radiation Oncology Department, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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Jurowski K, Paprotny Ł, Zakrzewski M, Wianowska D, Kasprzyk-Pochopień J, Herman M, Madej K, Piekoszewski W, Kubrak T. The Development of New Methodology for Determination of Vincristine (VCR) in Human Serum Using LC-MS/MS-Based Method for Medical Diagnostics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227945. [PMID: 36432046 PMCID: PMC9694046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we have presented the development and validation of a rapid and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of vincristine (VCR) in patient serum samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kinetex® (Singapore) column using a mobile phase consisting of 25 mM acetic acid and 0.3% formic acid (A) and methanol (B) in a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The VCR and internal standard (vinblastine) were monitored using the multiple reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray ionization. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.67 ng/mL, and the upper limit of quantification (ULOQ) was 250 ng/mL for VCR. The calculated values of LOD and LOQ for VCR were 0.075 and 0.228 ng/mL, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the VCR concentration range of 1.0−250 ng/mL in serum. The intra- and inter-day precision and precision were within the generally accepted criteria for the bioanalytical method (<15%). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of serum samples in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises, Aleksandrowska 67/9, 91-205 Łódź, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Łukasz Paprotny
- Research and Development Centre, ALAB Laboratories, Ul. Ceramiczna 1, 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Zakrzewski
- Research and Development Centre, ALAB Laboratories, Ul. Ceramiczna 1, 20-150 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Wianowska
- Department of Chromatographic Methods, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. Maria Curie-Sklodowska 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kasprzyk-Pochopień
- Laboratory of High Resolution of Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Herman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Madej
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- Laboratory of High Resolution of Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kubrak
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Marchese PV, Mollica V, Tassinari E, De Biase D, Giunchi F, Marchetti A, Rosellini M, Fiorentino M, Massari F. Implications of TERT promoter mutations and telomerase activity in solid tumors with a focus on genitourinary cancers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:997-1008. [PMID: 36503370 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2154148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The reactivation of telomerase represents a key moment in the carcinogenesis process. Mutations in the central promoter region of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene cause telomerase reactivation in approximately 90% of solid tumors. In some of these, its prognostic and predictive role in response to treatments has already been demonstrated, in others (such as tumors of the genitourinary tract like urothelial carcinoma) data are controversial and the research is still ongoing. In the future, TERT promoter mutations and telomerase activity could have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications in many types of cancer. AREAS COVERED We performed a review the literature with the aim of describing the current evidence on the prognostic and predictive role of TERT promoter mutations. In some tumor types, TERT promoter mutations have been associated with a worse prognosis and could have a potential value as biomarkers to guide therapeutic decisions. Mutations in TERT promoter seems to make the tumor particularly immunogenic and more responsive to immunotherapy, although data is controversial. EXPERT OPINION We described the role of TERT promoter mutations in solid tumors with a particular focus in genitourinary cancers, considering their frequency in this tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Valeria Marchese
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassinari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (Fabit), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.,Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Marchetti
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Rosellini
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Via Albertoni - 15 40138, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Mair MJ, Leibetseder A, Heller G, Puhr R, Tomasich E, Goldberger S, Hatziioannou T, Wöhrer A, Widhalm G, Dieckmann K, Aichholzer M, Weis S, von Oertzen T, Furtner J, Pichler J, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. Early Postoperative Treatment versus Initial Observation in CNS WHO Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: Clinical Outcomes and DNA Methylation Patterns. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4565-4573. [PMID: 35998208 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The treatment of oligodendroglioma consists of tumor resection and radiochemotherapy. The timing of radiochemotherapy remains unclear, and predictive biomarkers are limited. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Adult patients diagnosed with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutated, 1p/19q-codeleted CNS WHO grade 2 and 3 oligodendroglioma at the Medical University of Vienna and the Kepler University Hospital Linz (Austria) in 1992 to 2019 were included. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between early postoperative treatment and initial observation were compared using propensity score-weighted Cox regression models. DNA methylation analysis of tumor tissue was performed using Illumina MethylationEPIC 850k microarrays. RESULTS One hundred thirty-one out of 201 (65.2%) patients with CNS WHO grade 2 and 70 of 201 (34.8%) with grade 3 oligodendroglioma were identified. Eighty-three of 201 (41.3%) patients underwent early postoperative treatment, of whom 56 of 83 (67.5%) received radiochemotherapy, 15 of 84 (18.1%) radiotherapy (RT) only and 12 of 83 (14.5%) chemotherapy only. Temozolomide-based treatment was administered to 64 of 68 (94.1%) patients, whereas RT + procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine (PCV) were applied in 2 of 69 (3.5%) patients. Early treatment was not associated with PFS [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.74; 95% CI, 0.33-1.65, P = 0.459] or OS (adjusted HR: 2.07; 95% CI, 0.52-8.21, P = 0.302) improvement. Unsupervised clustering analysis of DNA methylation profiles from patients receiving early treatment revealed two methylation clusters correlating with PFS, whereas no association of clustering with O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, CNS WHO grade, extent of resection, and treating center could be observed. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective study, early postoperative treatment was not associated with improved PFS/OS in oligodendroglioma. The potentially predictive value of whole-genome methylation profiling should be validated in prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian J Mair
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Leibetseder
- Department of Neurology 1, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Puhr
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tomasich
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Goldberger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Hatziioannou
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Wöhrer
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Dieckmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Aichholzer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Serge Weis
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Tim von Oertzen
- Department of Neurology 1, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Julia Furtner
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neurooncology, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Berghoff
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Norman S, Juthani RG, Magge R. Foundations of the Diagnosis and Management of Low-Grade Gliomas. World Neurosurg 2022; 166:306-312. [PMID: 36192862 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the past, low-grade gliomas-World Health Organization (WHO) grade I and II tumors-were generally expected to have a much better prognosis than higher-grade (WHO grade III and IV) gliomas. However, diffuse gliomas (WHO grade II), unlike WHO grade I gliomas, are by definition infiltrative, limiting resection and potentially contributing to poor outcomes like those seen with malignant gliomas. Rapid progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of these tumors indicates that specific molecular factors, especially isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status and the presence or absence of the 1p/19q codeletion (deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 and long arm of chromosome 19), are much more important than grade in determining prognosis and response to treatment. These molecular characteristics outweigh the histologic distinctions and have been quickly incorporated into the WHO classification of gliomas. Management of these tumors with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy has similarly been transformed by these developments, highlighting the need for a customized approach for patients with low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Norman
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rupa Gopalan Juthani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Rajiv Magge
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
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Berger TR, Wen PY, Lang-Orsini M, Chukwueke UN. World Health Organization 2021 Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors and Implications for Therapy for Adult-Type Gliomas: A Review. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:1493-1501. [PMID: 36006639 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance Previous histologic classifications of brain tumors have been limited by discrepancies in diagnoses reported by neuropathologists and variability in outcomes and response to therapies. Such diagnostic discrepancies have impaired clinicians' ability to select the most appropriate therapies for patients and have allowed heterogeneous populations of patients to be enrolled in clinical trials, hindering the development of more effective therapies. In adult-type diffuse gliomas, histologic classification has a particularly important effect on clinical care. Observations In 2021, the World Health Organization published the fifth edition of the Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. This classification incorporates advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of brain tumors with histopathology in order to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. As such, tumor classification is significantly improved through better characterized natural histories. These changes have particularly important implications for gliomas. For the first time, adult- and pediatric-type gliomas are classified separately on the basis of differences in molecular pathogenesis and prognosis. Furthermore, the previous broad category of adult-type diffuse gliomas has been consolidated into 3 types: astrocytoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant; oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted; and glioblastoma, IDH wild type. These major changes are driven by IDH mutation status and include the restriction of the diagnosis of glioblastoma to tumors that are IDH wild type; the reclassification of tumors previously diagnosed as IDH-mutated glioblastomas as astrocytomas IDH mutated, grade 4; and the requirement for the presence of IDH mutations to classify tumors as astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. Conclusions and Relevance The 2021 World Health Organization central nervous system tumor classification is a major advance toward improving the diagnosis of brain tumors. It will provide clinicians with more accurate guidance on prognosis and optimal therapy for patients and ensure that more homogenous patient populations are enrolled in clinical trials, potentially facilitating the development of more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar R Berger
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Melanie Lang-Orsini
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ugonma N Chukwueke
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Yuan F, Wang Y, Cai X, Du C, Zhu J, Tang C, Yang J, Ma C. N6-methyladenosine-related microRNAs risk model trumps the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status as a predictive biomarker for the prognosis and immunotherapy in lower grade gliomas. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:553-569. [PMID: 36226036 PMCID: PMC9549064 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Lower grade gliomas [LGGs; World Health Organization (WHO) grades 2 and 3], owing to the heterogeneity of their clinical behavior, present a therapeutic challenge to neurosurgeons. The aim of this study was to explore the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification landscape in the LGGs and to develop an m6A-related microRNA (miRNA) risk model to provide new perspectives for the treatment and prognostic assessment of LGGs. Methods Messenger RNA (mRNA) and miRNA expression data of LGGs were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. An m6A-related miRNA risk model was constructed via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), univariate, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Next, Kaplan-Meier analysis, principal-component analysis (PCA), functional enrichment analysis, immune infiltrate analysis, dynamic nomogram, and drug sensitivity prediction were used to evaluate this risk model. Results Firstly, six m6A-related miRNAs with independent prognostic value were selected based on clinical information and used to construct a risk model. Subsequently, compared with low-risk group, LGGs in the high-risk group had a higher m6A writer and reader scores, but a lower eraser score. Moreover, LGGs in the high-risk group had a significantly worse clinical prognosis than those in the low-risk group. Simultaneously, this risk model outperformed other clinicopathological variables in the prognosis prediction of LGGs. Immune infiltrate analysis revealed that the proportion of M2 macrophages, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and the expression levels of exhausted immune response markers were significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. Finally, this study constructed an easy-to-use and free dynamic nomogram to help clinicians use this risk model to aid in diagnosis and prognosis assessment. Conclusions This study developed a m6A-related risk model and uncovered two different m6A modification landscapes in LGGs. Moreover, this risk model may provide guidance and help in clinical prognosis assessment and immunotherapy response prediction for LGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 80807 Munich, Germany
| | - Xiangming Cai
- School of Medicine, Southeast university, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast university, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou Z, Wei J, Kuang L, Zhang K, Liu Y, He Z, Li L, Lu B. Characterization of aging cancer-associated fibroblasts draws implications in prognosis and immunotherapy response in low-grade gliomas. Front Genet 2022; 13:897083. [PMID: 36092895 PMCID: PMC9449154 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.897083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the highly variable prognosis of low-grade gliomas (LGGs), it is important to find robust biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes. Aging cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the senescent stroma of a tumor microenvironment (TME) have been recently reported to play a key role in tumor development. However, there are few studies focusing on this topic in gliomas. Methods and Results: Based on the transcriptome data from TCGA and CGGA databases, we identified aging CAF-related genes (ACAFRGs) in LGGs by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method, followed by which LGG samples were classified into two aging CAF-related gene clusters with distinct prognosis and characteristics of the TME. Machine learning algorithms were used to screen out eight featured ACAFRGs to characterize two aging CAF-related gene clusters, and a nomogram model was constructed to predict the probability of gene cluster A for each LGG sample. Then, a powerful aging CAF scoring system was developed to predict the prognosis and response to immune checkpoint blockage therapy. Finally, the ACAFRGs were verified in two glioma-related external datasets. The performance of the aging CAF score in predicting the immunotherapy response was further validated in two independent cohorts. We also confirmed the expression of ACAFRGs at the protein level in glioma tissues through the Human Protein Atlas website and Western blotting analysis. Conclusion: We developed a robust aging CAF scoring system to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response in LGGs. Our findings may provide new targets for therapeutics and contribute to the exploration focusing on aging CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Lu, ; Zijian Zhou,
| | - Jinhong Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lijun Kuang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yini Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhongming He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Luo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Lu, ; Zijian Zhou,
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Lassman AB, Hoang-Xuan K, Polley MYC, Brandes AA, Cairncross JG, Kros JM, Ashby LS, Taphoorn MJ, Souhami L, Dinjens WN, Laack NN, Kouwenhoven MC, Fink KL, French PJ, Macdonald DR, Lacombe D, Won M, Gorlia T, Mehta MP, van den Bent MJ. Joint Final Report of EORTC 26951 and RTOG 9402: Phase III Trials With Procarbazine, Lomustine, and Vincristine Chemotherapy for Anaplastic Oligodendroglial Tumors. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:2539-2545. [PMID: 35731991 PMCID: PMC9362869 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the basis of the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.Anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors (AOTs) are chemotherapy-sensitive brain tumors. We report the final very long-term survival results from European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer 26951 and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9402 phase III trials initiated in 1990s, which both studied radiotherapy with/without neo/adjuvant procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) for newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors. The median follow-up duration in both was 18-19 years. For European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer 26951, median, 14-year, and probable 20-year overall survival rates without versus with PCV were 2.6 years, 13.4%, and 10.1% versus 3.5 years, 25.1%, and 16.8% (N = 368 overall; hazard ratio [HR] 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.98; P = .033), with 1p19q codeletion 9.3 years, 26.2%, and 13.6% versus 14.2 years, 51.0%, and 37.1% (n = 80; HR 0.60; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.03; P = .063), respectively. For Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9402, analogous results were 4.8 years, 16.5%, and 11.2% versus 4.8 years, 29.1%, and 24.6% (N = 289 overall; HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.03; P = .08), with codeletion 7.3 years, 25.0%, and 14.9% versus 13.2 years, 46.1%, and 37% (n = 125; HR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.94; P = .02), respectively. With that, the studies show similar long-term survival even without tumor recurrence in a significant proportion of patients after first-line treatment with radiotherapy/PCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Lassman
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Khê Hoang-Xuan
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris, France
| | - Mei-Yin C. Polley
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alba A. Brandes
- Department of Medical Oncology, AUSL/IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Johan M. Kros
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Martin J.B. Taphoorn
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Luis Souhami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Winand N.M. Dinjens
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nadia N. Laack
- Mayo Clinic Accruals for Rochester Methodist Hospital, Rochester, MN
| | - Mathilde C.M. Kouwenhoven
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Universities Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pim J. French
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Minhee Won
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA
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Du C, Huang Z, Wei B, Li M. Comprehensive metabolomics study on the pathogenesis of anaplastic astrocytoma via UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29594. [PMID: 35945752 PMCID: PMC9351860 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) is a malignant carcinoma whose pathogenesis remains to be fully elucidated. System biology techniques have been widely used to clarify the mechanism of diseases from a systematic perspective. The present study aimed to explore the pathogenesis and novel potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of AA according to metabolic differences. Patients with AA (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 15) were recruited. Serum was assayed with untargeted ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) metabolomic techniques. The data were further evaluated using multivariate analysis and bioinformatic methods based on the KEGG database to determine the distinct metabolites and perturbed pathways. Principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) identified the significance of the distinct metabolic pattern between patients with AA and healthy controls (P < .001) in both ESI modes. Permutation testing confirmed the validity of the OPLS-DA model (permutation = 200, Q2 < 0.5). In total, 24 differentiated metabolites and 5 metabolic pathways, including sphingolipid, glycerophospholipid, caffeine, linoleic acid, and porphyrin metabolism, were identified based on the OPLS-DA model. 3-Methylxanthine, sphinganine, LysoPC(18:1), and lactosylceramide were recognized as potential biomarkers with excellent sensitivity and specificity (area under the curve > 98%). These findings indicate that the perturbed metabolic pattern related to immune regulation and cellular signal transduction is associated with the pathogenesis of AA. 3-Methylxanthine, sphinganine, LysoPC(18:1), and lactosylceramide could be used as biomarkers of AA in future clinical practice. This study provides a therapeutic basis for further studies on the mechanism and precise clinical diagnosis of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
| | - Zhehao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
- * Correspondence: Miao Li, MD, Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130033, PR China (e-mail: )
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