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Kaur J, Anwer MK, Sartaj A, Panda BP, Ali A, Zafar A, Kumar V, Gilani SJ, Kala C, Taleuzzaman M. ZnO Nanoparticles of Rubia cordifolia Extract Formulation Developed and Optimized with QbD Application, Considering Ex Vivo Skin Permeation, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041450. [PMID: 35209242 PMCID: PMC8878222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current research is to develop ZnO-Manjistha extract (ZnO-MJE) nanoparticles (NPs) and to investigate their transdermal delivery as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation was further evaluated based on different parameters. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were prepared by mixing 10 mM ZnSO4·7H2O and 0.8% w/v NaOH in distilled water. To the above, a solution of 10 mL MJE (10 mg) in 50 mL of zinc sulfate was added. Box-Behnken design (Design-Expert software 12.0.1.0) was used for the optimization of ZnO-MJE-NP formulations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs were evaluated for their physicochemical characterization, in vitro release activity, ex vivo permeation across rat skin, antimicrobial activity using sterilized agar media, and antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical method. The optimized ZnO-MJE-NP formulation (F13) showed a particle size of 257.1 ± 0.76 nm, PDI value of 0.289 ± 0.003, and entrapment efficiency of 79 ± 0.33%. Drug release kinetic models showed that the formulation followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with a drug release of 34.50 ± 2.56 at pH 7.4 in 24 h. In ex vivo studies ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt permeation was 63.26%. The antibacterial activity was found to be enhanced in ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt and antioxidant activity was found to be highest (93.14 ± 4.05%) at 100 µg/mL concentrations. The ZnO-MJE-NPs-opt formulation showed prolonged release of the MJE and intensified permeation. Moreover, the formulation was found to show significantly (p < 0.05) better antimicrobial and antioxidant activity as compared to conventional suspension formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Sartaj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif-21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Al-Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia; or
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, KIET School of Pharmacy, Delhi-NCR, Meerut Road (NH-58), Ghaziabad 201206, India;
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Chandra Kala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Village Bujhawar, Tehsil Luni, Jodhpur 342802, India;
| | - Mohamad Taleuzzaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Village Bujhawar, Tehsil Luni, Jodhpur 342802, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-725-1892-850
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Lim JY, Kim TH, Song CH, Kim DH, Shin BS, Shin S. Novel extended IVIVC combined with DoE to predict pharmacokinetics from formulation compositions. J Control Release 2022; 343:443-456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Budhathoki U, Adhikari S, Thapa P. Development and characterization of hygroscopicity controlled sustain release formulation of divalproex sodium. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 19:422-430. [DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.57615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Khaled A, Abdel-Hamid S, Nasr M, Sammour OA. Fabrication of extended-dissolution divalproex tablets: a green solvent-free granulation technique. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:975-987. [PMID: 32362159 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1764023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Divalproex sodium (DVS) is a challenging drug owing to its hygroscopicity, bitter taste, and short in vivo half-life. This study aims to produce stable taste masked DVS once daily tablets using solvent free hot melt granulation (HMG) process.Methods: A lab scale high shear mixer granulator employing six meltable lipid binders (compritol®888 ATO, beeswax, gelucire®50/13, precirol® ATO5, stearyl alcohol, and geleol®) was used for the preparation of tablets. Quality control tests were performed on granules and tablets, and Box-Behnken's design was adopted to investigate the effect of binder concentration, impeller speed, and granulation time on the drug dissolution. Shelf and accelerated stability evaluation, taste assessment, and in vivo pharmacokinetic study were conducted on the selected batches.Results: Results revealed that DVS tablets were successfully prepared, and that the in vitro dissolution of the drug was inversely proportional to the binder concentration. Beeswax and compritol® tablets showed similar dissolution profiles to the marketed product Depakote® 500 ER tablets (F1 < 15 and F2 > 50). The selected batches showed lower moisture content (<2%) and successfully masked the bitter taste compared to uncoated tablets based on a hydrophilic matrix. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study delineated relative bioavailability values for Beeswax and Compritol® tablets of 95.6% and 118%, respectively, compared to the marketed product.Conclusion: The solvent free HMG process can be employed to formulate 24 h extended dissolution DVS tablets with masked bitter taste and high stability, and comparable or higher bioavailability than the marketed product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Khaled
- Department of Research and Development, Amoun Pharmaceutical Company, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omaima A Sammour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Siahi MR, Rahimi S, Monajjemzadeh F. Analytical Investigation of the Possible Chemical Interaction of Methyldopa with Some Reducing Carbohydrates Used as Pharmaceutical Excipients. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:657-666. [PMID: 30607338 PMCID: PMC6311631 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Assessment of drug substance and excipients compatibility is an important issue during pre-formulation studies as well as the quality control of pharmaceutical dosage forms. In this study, potential incompatibility between methyldopa and reducing excipients was evaluated using physicochemical methods. Methods: Dextrose and lactose (anhydrous & monohydrate) were selected as reducing carbohydrates. The initial incompatibility was studied with DSC and FTIR on binary mixtures with 1:1 mass ratio. Results were confirmed using HPLC studies coupled with mass spectrometry. Results: The DSC curves indicated the elimination of the melting endotherm of methyldopa in the binary mixtures. A new peak at 1719 cm-1 was observed in the FTIR spectra that can be attributed to the loss of type one amine functionality. The m/z of the proposed compound was observed in the mass spectra. Conclusion: The potential incompatibility of Methyldopa with reducing carbohydrates was established using physicochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Siahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soma Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Monajjemzadeh
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz, Iran
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Siahi Shadbad MR, Ghaderi F, Hatami L, Monajjemzadeh F. Investigation of Possible Maillard Reaction Between Acyclovir and Dextrose upon Dilution Prior to Parenteral Administration. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:1491-1499. [PMID: 26863890 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0494-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study the stability of parenteral acyclovir (ACV) when diluted in dextrose (DEX) as large volume intravenous fluid preparation (LVIF) was evaluated and the possible Maillard reaction adducts were monitored in the recommended infusion time. Different physicochemical methods were used to evaluate the Maillard reaction of dextrose with ACV to track the reaction in real infusion condition. Other large volume intravenous fluids were checked regarding the diluted drug stability profile. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mass data proved the reaction of glucose with dextrose. A Maillard-specific high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to track the reaction in real infusion condition in vitro. The nucleophilic reaction occurred in diluted parenteral preparations of acyclovir in 5% dextrose solutions. The best diluent solution was also selected as sodium chloride and introduced based on drug stability and also its adsorption onto different infusion sets (PVC or non PVC) to provide an acceptable administration protocol in clinical practices. Although, the Maillard reaction was proved and successfully tracked in diluted solutions, and the level of drug loss when diluted in dextrose was reported to be between 0.27 up to 1.03% of the initial content. There was no drug adsorption to common infusion sets. The best diluent for parenteral acyclovir is sodium chloride large volume intravenous fluid.
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Optimization Methodologies for the Production of Pharmaceutical Products. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2996-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Shirsat AE, Chitlange SS. Application of quality by design approach to optimize process and formulation parameters of rizatriptan loaded chitosan nanoparticles. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2015; 6:88-96. [PMID: 26317071 PMCID: PMC4542404 DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.157983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of present study was to optimize rizatriptan (RZT) chitosan (CS) nanoparticles using ionic gelation method by application of quality by design (QbD) approach. Based on risk assessment, effect of three variables, that is CS %, tripolyphosphate % and stirring speed were studied on critical quality attributes (CQAs); particle size and entrapment efficiency. Central composite design (CCD) was implemented for design of experimentation with 20 runs. RZT CS nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro release study, differential scanning calorimetric, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on QbD approach, design space (DS) was optimized with a combination of selected variables with entrapment efficiency > 50% w/w and a particle size between 400 and 600 nm. Validation of model was performed with 3 representative formulations from DS for which standard error of − 0.70–3.29 was observed between experimental and predicted values. In-vitro drug release followed initial burst release 20.26 ± 2.34% in 3–4 h with sustained drug release of 98.43 ± 2.45% in 60 h. Lower magnitude of standard error for CQAs confirms the validation of selected CCD model for optimization of RZT CS nanoparticles. In-vitro drug release followed dual mechanism via, diffusion and polymer erosion. RZT CS nanoparticles were prepared successfully using QbD approach with the understanding of the high risk process and formulation parameters involved and optimized DS with a multifactorial combination of critical parameters to obtain predetermined RZT loaded CS nanoparticle specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sohan S Chitlange
- Department of Quality Assurance, Padm. Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Lotfipour F, Valizadeh H, Shademan S, Monajjemzadeh F. Efficacy and Physicochemical Evaluation of an Optimized Semisolid Formulation of Povidone Iodine Proposed by Extreme Vertices Statistical Design; a Practical Approach. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2015; 14:1015-29. [PMID: 26664368 PMCID: PMC4673929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
One of the most significant issues in pharmaceutical industries, prior to commercialization of a pharmaceutical preparation is the "preformulation" stage. However, far too attention has been paid to verification of the software assisted statistical designs in preformulation studies. The main aim of this study was to report a step by step preformulation approach for a semisolid preparation based on a statistical mixture design and to verify the predictions made by the software with an in-vitro efficacy bioassay test. Extreme vertices mixture design (4 factors, 4 levels) was applied for preformulation of a semisolid Povidone Iodine preparation as Water removable ointment using different PolyEthylenGlycoles. Software Assisted (Minitab) analysis was then performed using four practically assessed response values including; Available iodine, viscosity (N index and yield value) and water absorption capacity. Subsequently mixture analysis was performed and finally, an optimized formulation was proposed. The efficacy of this formulation was bio-assayed using microbial tests in-vitro and MIC values were calculated for Escherichia coli, pseudomonaaeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Results indicated the acceptable conformity of the measured responses. Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed design had an adequate power to predict the responses in practice. Stability studies, proved no significant change during the one year study for the optimized formulation. Efficacy was eligible on all tested species and in the case of staphylococcus aureus; the prepared semisolid formulation was even more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahin Shademan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Monajjemzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,E-mail:
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