1
|
Zhou G, Li Z, Sun S, Fang Y, Wei Z. TGF-β1 alleviates HgCl 2 induced apoptosis via P38 MAPK signaling pathway in human trophoblast cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104626. [PMID: 31419505 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that embryonic development can be perturbed by environmental factors such as heavy metals. Mercury is one of the most significant threats to the environment and human health. Mercury can damage many parts of the human body, including lungs, kidneys, nerves and fetus. However, the effect of mercury on human embryo remains unknown. Here, we showed that HgCl2 treatment resulted in a significant increase in apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells. However, the effect of HgCl2 on apoptosis was partially reduced by the combination treatment with TGF-β1 and HgCl2 in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Moreover, HgCl2 treatment gradually decreased the expression of TGF-β1 in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, a P38 MAPK inhibitor, SB202190, decreased the cell apoptosis and caspase activation induced by HgCl2 in trophoblast cells. In addition, TGF-β1 alleviated HgCl2 induced apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells via p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which was involved in the TAK1 expression. These results might provide a theoretical basis for mercury induced trophoblast associated embryo damage and a potential avenue of intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiju Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, China
| | - Shiying Sun
- Department Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pandey A, Medhamurthy R, Rao S, Asaithambi K. Hormonal regulation and function of an RNA helicase, Ddx5 in corpus luteum of adult Wistar rats. Reprod Biol 2019; 19:179-188. [PMID: 31151754 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Corpus luteum (CL) is an endocrine tissue involved in regulation of reproductive cycle and early pregnancy establishment. In the present study DEAD-box helicase-5 (Ddx5), a member of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases was investigated for its expression, regulation and function in CL of Wistar rats. Ddx5 was expressed in adult rat CL. Primary cell culture from supra-ovulated ovaries were established for in vitro studies. Addition of luteinizing hormone (LH; 100 ng/ml), a luteotrophic factor in primary cell culture, decreased Ddx5 RNA expression (foldchange:0.6 ± 0.075) while prostaglandin alpha (PGF2α; 1μM), a luteolytic factor caused an increase (foldchange:2.4 ± 0.4) compared to control group. Under in vivo conditions, the administration of PGF2α or gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist; cetrorelix (CET) caused luteolysis as well as an increase in the protein level of Ddx5 (foldchange:1.9 ± 0.27 and 1.4 ± 0.09 viz.; p < 0.05) in CL of adult rats. LH was administered post CET treatment which suppressed Ddx5 protein expression (foldchange:0.8 ± 0.16; p < 0.05) compared to CET treated group. Further, it was observed that the expression of Ddx5 was upregulated (foldchange:1.5 ± 0.23; p < 0.05) in CL during late pregnancy compared to mid pregnancy concomitant to luteolysis in adult rats. Overall, the results suggest for the first time that Ddx5 is expressed in rat CL and regulated by luteolytic and luteotrophic factors in an inverse fashion. Further, the data significantly correlates ddx5 expression to CL regression suggesting involvement of ddx5 in luteolysis. These results suggest a significant role of Ddx5 in female reproduction biology and warrant in depth examination of the function of Ddx5 in CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparamita Pandey
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Rudraiah Medhamurthy
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Swati Rao
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Killivalavan Asaithambi
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bai WJ, Jin PJ, Kuang MQ, Wei QW, Shi FX, Davis JS, Mao DG. Temporal regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, heat shock protein 70 and activating transcription factor 3 during prostaglandin F-induced luteal regression in pseudopregnant rats following heat stress. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1184-1193. [PMID: 27169499 DOI: 10.1071/rd15415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of heat stress on heat shock protein (HSP) 70 expression and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase (PK) B signalling during prostaglandin F (PGF)-induced luteal regression. During pseudopregnancy, rats were exposed to heat stress (HS, 40°C, 2h) for 7 days and treated with PGF or physiological saline on Day 7; serum and ovaries were collected 0, 1, 2, 8 or 24h after PGF treatment. The early inhibitory effect of PGF on progesterone was reduced in HS rats. HSP70 expression in response to PGF was significantly enhanced in HS rats. PGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was significantly greater in the HS group; however, HS rats exhibited elevated basal levels of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, but not ERK1/2. PGF treatment increased expression of activating transcription factor (ATF) 3 at 2h, which was inhibited by heat stress. Evaluating PKB signalling revealed that phosphorylation of p-Akt (Thr308 and Ser473) was reduced at 8 and 24h after PGF treatment in both non-heat stress (NHS) and HS groups, but there were no significant differences between the HS and NHS groups at any of the time points. In conclusion, the present study provides further evidence that heat stress may enhance HSP70 and affect ERK1/2 and ATF3 expression, but not Akt activation, during PGF-induced luteal regression in pseudopregnant rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jiao Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Peng-Jing Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Mei-Qian Kuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Quan-Wei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Xiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - John S Davis
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Da-Gan Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Talbott H, Hou X, Qiu F, Zhang P, Guda C, Yu F, Cushman RA, Wood JR, Wang C, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Early transcriptome responses of the bovine midcycle corpus luteum to prostaglandin F2α includes cytokine signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 452:93-109. [PMID: 28549990 PMCID: PMC7388008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In ruminants, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α)-mediated luteolysis is essential prior to estrous cycle resumption, and is a target for improving fertility. To deduce early PGF2α-provoked changes in the corpus luteum a short time-course (0.5-4 h) was performed on cows at midcycle. A microarray-determined transcriptome was established and examined by bioinformatic pathway analysis. Classic PGF2α effects were evident by changes in early response genes (FOS, JUN, ATF3) and prediction of active pathways (PKC, MAPK). Several cytokine transcripts were elevated and NF-κB and STAT activation were predicted by pathway analysis. Self-organizing map analysis grouped differentially expressed transcripts into ten mRNA expression patterns indicative of temporal signaling cascades. Comparison with two analogous datasets revealed a conserved group of 124 transcripts similarly altered by PGF2α treatment, which both, directly and indirectly, indicated cytokine activation. Elevated levels of cytokine transcripts after PGF2α and predicted activation of cytokine pathways implicate inflammatory reactions early in PGF2α-mediated luteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Talbott
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Fang Qiu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Pan Zhang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5805, USA.
| | - Fang Yu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Nutrition and Environmental Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 166 (State Spur 18D)/USDA-ARS-PA-USMARC, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Peng S, Wu B, Jiang H, Li X, Li G, Wang J. Role of P2X 7on steroid synthesis in murine luteal cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1115738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
6
|
Guo N, Meng C, Bai W, Wei Q, Shi F, Davis JS, Mao D. Prostaglandin F2α induces expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and activates MAPK signaling in the rat corpus luteum. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:211-8. [PMID: 25614048 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the expression of ATF3, in association with the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) during prostaglandin F2α analog (PGF)-induced luteal regression in rats. A sequential PMSG/hCG treatment paradigm was used to obtain a single, well-defined generation of corpora lutea (CL) in rats. Rats were treated with PGF for 0-4h on day 7 of pseudopregnancy. Results showed that serum progesterone (P4) concentrations declined in a time dependent manner. Western blot results revealed that ATF3 increased within 2h post-PGF injection. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK) and JNK (p-JNK) increased within 30min and then were gradually reduced in response to PGF. In contrast, the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38) were not significantly altered. The immunostaining density for p-ERK decreased from the periphery to the center of the corpus luteum following treatment with PGF, while ATF3 was expressed uniformly in the nuclei of luteal steroidogenic cells. These results indicated that treatment with PGF in vivo could induce increases in MAPK phosphorylation, especially in p-ERK, which might be correlated with the increases in ATF3 expression and the decline in P4 concentrations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence for temporal relationships between MAPK activation and ATF3 expression during PGF-induced luteal regression in the rat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Chenling Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wujiao Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - John S Davis
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dagan Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Talbott H, Delaney A, Zhang P, Yu Y, Cushman RA, Cupp AS, Hou X, Davis JS. Effects of IL8 and immune cells on the regulation of luteal progesterone secretion. Reproduction 2014; 148:21-31. [PMID: 24686456 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that chemokines may mediate the luteolytic action of prostaglandin F2α (PGF). Our objective was to identify chemokines induced by PGF in vivo and to determine the effects of interleukin 8 (IL8) on specific luteal cell types in vitro. Mid-cycle cows were injected with saline or PGF, ovaries were removed after 0.5-4 h, and expression of chemokine was analyzed by qPCR. In vitro expression of IL8 was analyzed after PGF administration and with cell signaling inhibitors to determine the mechanism of PGF-induced chemokine expression. Purified neutrophils were analyzed for migration and activation in response to IL8 and PGF. Purified luteal cell types (steroidogenic, endothelial, and fibroblast cells) were used to identify which cells respond to chemokines. Neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cocultured with steroidogenic cells to determine their effect on progesterone production. IL8, CXCL2, CCL2, and CCL8 transcripts were rapidly increased following PGF treatment in vivo. The stimulatory action of PGF on IL8 mRNA expression in vitro was prevented by inhibition of p38 and JNK signaling. IL8, but not PGF, TNF, or TGFB1, stimulated neutrophil migration. IL8 had no apparent action in purified luteal steroidogenic, endothelial, or fibroblast cells, but stimulated ERK phosphorylation in neutrophils. In coculture experiments neither IL8 nor activated neutrophils altered basal or LH-stimulated luteal cell progesterone synthesis. In contrast, activated PBMCs inhibited LH-stimulated progesterone synthesis from cultured luteal cells. These data implicate a complex cascade of events during luteolysis, involving chemokine signaling, neutrophil recruitment, and immune cell action within the corpus luteum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Talbott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Abigail Delaney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Yangsheng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USADepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOlson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USADepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5900, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-U.S. Meat Animal Research CenterClay Center, Nebraska 68933-0166, USADepartment of Animal ScienceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USAVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and Olson Center for Women's HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3255, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mao D, Hou X, Talbott H, Cushman R, Cupp A, Davis JS. ATF3 expression in the corpus luteum: possible role in luteal regression. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:2066-79. [PMID: 24196350 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the induction and possible role of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the corpus luteum. Postpubertal cattle were treated at midcycle with prostaglandin F2α(PGF) for 0-4 hours. Luteal tissue was processed for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and isolation of protein and RNA. Ovaries were also collected from midluteal phase and first-trimester pregnant cows. Luteal cells were prepared and sorted by centrifugal elutriation to obtain purified small (SLCs) and large luteal cells (LLCs). Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization showed that ATF3 mRNA increased within 1 hour of PGF treatment in vivo. Western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ATF3 protein was expressed in the nuclei of LLC within 1 hour and was maintained for at least 4 hours. PGF treatment in vitro increased ATF3 expression only in LLC, whereas TNF induced ATF3 in both SLCs and LLCs. PGF stimulated concentration- and time-dependent increases in ATF3 and phosphorylation of MAPKs in LLCs. Combinations of MAPK inhibitors suppressed ATF3 expression in LLCs. Adenoviral-mediated expression of ATF3 inhibited LH-stimulated cAMP response element reporter luciferase activity and progesterone production in LLCs and SLCs but did not alter cell viability or change the expression or activity of key regulators of progesterone synthesis. In conclusion, the action of PGF in LLCs is associated with the rapid activation of stress-activated protein kinases and the induction of ATF3, which may contribute to the reduction in steroid synthesis during luteal regression. ATF3 appears to affect gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone secretion at a step or steps downstream of PKA signaling and before cholesterol conversion to progesterone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Mao
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suresh PS, Medhamurthy R. Studies on reactivation of regressing bonnet monkey corpus luteum on day 1 of menses: a pilot study. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2012; 59:1-4. [PMID: 23050795 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2012.729647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies on functional characteristics of the regressing primate corpus luteum (CL) to luteotrophic stimulus on day 1 of the non-fertile menstrual cycle are scarce. Recombinant human luteinizing hormone (rhLH) (20 IU/Kg BW; n = 10) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (180 IU; n = 6) were administered intravenously to female bonnet monkeys on day 1 of menses. Exogenous treatment of rhLH or hCG caused a significant increase in circulating progesterone (P(4)) levels 2-4 hours post treatment (P < 0.05). Lutectomy prior to onset of menses confirmed that CL is the site of the increased P(4) concentrations. Increased levels of phosphorylated P44/42 MAPK, MKK3/6 activation and concomitant histological changes were observed within 4 hours in CL of monkeys receiving hCG treatment. The results from this study demonstrate the acute progesterone synthesizing capacity of regressing monkey CL after LH or hCG challenge. This has potential implications for interpreting the steroidogenic response after gonadotropin stimulation tests in the early follicular phase of the normal ovulatory and anovulatory women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation protocols as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padmanaban S Suresh
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Suresh PS, Medhamurthy R. Luteinizing hormone regulates inhibin-α subunit expression through multiple signaling pathways involving steroidogenic factor-1 and beta-catenin in the macaque corpus luteum. Growth Factors 2012; 30:192-206. [PMID: 22607396 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2012.678844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We employed different experimental model systems to define the role of GATA4, beta-catenin, and steroidogenic factor (SF-1) transcriptional factors in the regulation of monkey luteal inhibin secretion. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions and western blotting analyses show high expression of inhibin-α, GATA4, and beta-catenin in corpus luteum (CL) of the mid-luteal phase. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist-induced luteolysis model suggested the significance of luteinizing hormone (LH) in regulating these transcriptional factors. Inducible cyclic AMP early repressor mRNA expression was detected in the CL and no change was observed in different stages of CL. Following amino acid sequence analysis, interaction between SF-1 and beta-catenin in mid-stage CL was verified by reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation experiments coupled to immunoblot analysis. Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis support the role of SF-1 in regulating luteal inhibin-α expression. Our results suggest a possible multiple crosstalk of Wnt, cAMP, and SF-1 in the regulation of luteal inhibin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padmanaban S Suresh
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kunal SB, Killivalavan A, Medhamurthy R. Involvement of Src family of kinases and cAMP phosphodiesterase in the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor-mediated signaling in the corpus luteum of monkey. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:25. [PMID: 22455442 PMCID: PMC3353251 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In higher primates, during non-pregnant cycles, it is indisputable that circulating LH is essential for maintenance of corpus luteum (CL) function. On the other hand, during pregnancy, CL function gets rescued by the LH analogue, chorionic gonadotropin (CG). The molecular mechanisms involved in the control of luteal function during spontaneous luteolysis and rescue processes are not completely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that LH/CGR activation triggers proliferation and transformation of target cells by various signaling molecules as evident from studies demonstrating participation of Src family of tyrosine kinases (SFKs) and MAP kinases in hCG-mediated actions in Leydig cells. Since circulating LH concentration does not vary during luteal regression, it was hypothesized that decreased responsiveness of luteal cells to LH might occur due to changes in LH/CGR expression dynamics, modulation of SFKs or interference with steroid biosynthesis. METHODS Since, maintenance of structure and function of CL is dependent on the presence of functional LH/CGR its expression dynamics as well as mRNA and protein expressions of SFKs were determined throughout the luteal phase. Employing well characterized luteolysis and CL rescue animal models, activities of SFKs, cAMP phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDE) and expression of SR-B1 (a membrane receptor associated with trafficking of cholesterol ester) were examined. Also, studies were carried out to investigate the mechanisms responsible for decline in progesterone biosynthesis in CL during the latter part of the non-pregnant cycle. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The decreased responsiveness of CL to LH during late luteal phase could not be accounted for by changes in LH/CGR mRNA levels, its transcript variants or protein. Results obtained employing model systems depicting different functional states of CL revealed increased activity of SFKs [pSrc (Y-416)] and PDE as well as decreased expression of SR-B1 correlating with initiation of spontaneous luteolysis. However, CG, by virtue of its heroic efforts, perhaps by inhibition of SFKs and PDE activation, prevents CL from undergoing regression during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated participation of activated Src and increased activity of cAMP-PDE in the control of luteal function in vivo. That the exogenous hCG treatment caused decreased activation of Src and cAMP-PDE activity with increased circulating progesterone might explain the transient CL rescue that occurs during early pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shah B Kunal
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Asaithambi Killivalavan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Rudraiah Medhamurthy
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suresh PS, Jayachandra KC, Medhamurthy R. The effect of progesterone replacement on gene expression in the corpus luteum during induced regression and late luteal phase in the bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:20. [PMID: 21291521 PMCID: PMC3038151 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In higher primates, although LH/CG play a critical role in the control of corpus luteum (CL) function, the direct effects of progesterone (P4) in the maintenance of CL structure and function are unclear. Several experiments were conducted in the bonnet monkey to examine direct effects of P4 on gene expression changes in the CL, during induced luteolysis and the late luteal phase of natural cycles. METHODS To identify differentially expressed genes encoding PR, PR binding factors, cofactors and PR downstream signaling target genes, the genome-wide analysis data generated in CL of monkeys after LH/P4 depletion and LH replacement were mined and validated by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Initially, expression of these P4 related genes were determined in CL during different stages of luteal phase. The recently reported model system of induced luteolysis, yet capable of responsive to tropic support, afforded an ideal situation to examine direct effects of P4 on structure and function of CL. For this purpose, P4 was infused via ALZET pumps into monkeys 24 h after LH/P4 depletion to maintain mid luteal phase circulating P4 concentration (P4 replacement). In another experiment, exogenous P4 was supplemented during late luteal phase to mimic early pregnancy. RESULTS Based on the published microarray data, 45 genes were identified to be commonly regulated by LH and P4. From these 19 genes belonging to PR signaling were selected to determine their expression in LH/P4 depletion and P4 replacement experiments. These 19 genes when analyzed revealed 8 genes to be directly responsive to P4, whereas the other genes to be regulated by both LH and P4. Progesterone supplementation for 24 h during the late luteal phase also showed changes in expression of 17 out of 19 genes examined. CONCLUSION These results taken together suggest that P4 regulates, directly or indirectly, expression of a number of genes involved in the CL structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padmanaban S Suresh
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Kadthur C Jayachandra
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Rudraiah Medhamurthy
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Arvisais E, Hou X, Wyatt TA, Shirasuna K, Bollwein H, Miyamoto A, Hansen TR, Rueda BR, Davis JS. Prostaglandin F2alpha represses IGF-I-stimulated IRS1/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT signaling in the corpus luteum: role of ERK and P70 ribosomal S6 kinase. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:632-43. [PMID: 20160123 DOI: 10.1210/me.2009-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the early intracellular events that contribute to corpus luteum regression. Experiments were designed to determine the effects of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in the corpus luteum in vivo and in vitro. Treatment of midluteal-phase cows with a luteolytic dose of PGF2alpha resulted in a rapid increase in ERK and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K1) signaling and a rapid suppression of Akt phosphorylation in luteal tissue. In vitro treatment of primary cultures of luteal cells with PGF2alpha also resulted in an increase in ERK and mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling and a diminished capacity of IGF-I to stimulate PI3K, Akt, and protein kinase C zeta activation. Accounting for the reductions in PI3K and Akt activation observed in response to PGF2alpha treatment, we found that PGF2alpha promoted the phosphorylation of serine residues (307, 612, 636) in the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) peptide sequence in vivo and in vitro. Serine phosphorylation of IRS1 was associated with reduced formation of IGF-I-stimulated IRS1/PI3Kp85 complexes. Furthermore, treatment with inhibitors of the MAPK kinase 1/ERK or mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathways prevented PGF2alpha-induced serine phosphorylation of IRS1 and abrogated the inhibitory actions of PGF2alpha on Akt activation. Taken together, these experiments provide compelling evidence that PGF2alpha treatment stimulates IRS1 serine phosphorylation, which may contribute to a diminished capacity to respond to IGF-I. It seems likely that the rapid changes in phosphorylation events are among the early events that mediate PGF2alpha-induced corpus luteum regression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Arvisais
- Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Suresh P, Medhamurthy R. Dynamics of circulating concentrations of gonadotropins and ovarian hormones throughout the menstrual cycle in the bonnet monkey: role of inhibin A in the regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Am J Primatol 2009; 71:817-24. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
15
|
Priyanka S, Jayaram P, Sridaran R, Medhamurthy R. Genome-wide gene expression analysis reveals a dynamic interplay between luteotropic and luteolytic factors in the regulation of corpus luteum function in the bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata). Endocrinology 2009; 150:1473-84. [PMID: 18988674 PMCID: PMC2654745 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although LH is essential for survival and function of the corpus luteum (CL) in higher primates, luteolysis occurs during nonfertile cycles without a discernible decrease in circulating LH levels. Using genome-wide expression analysis, several experiments were performed to examine the processes of luteolysis and rescue of luteal function in monkeys. Induced luteolysis with GnRH receptor antagonist (Cetrorelix) resulted in differential regulation of 3949 genes, whereas replacement with exogenous LH (Cetrorelix plus LH) led to regulation of 4434 genes (1563 down-regulation and 2871 up-regulation). A model system for prostaglandin (PG) F(2alpha)-induced luteolysis in the monkey was standardized and demonstrated that PGF(2alpha) regulated expression of 2290 genes in the CL. Analysis of the LH-regulated luteal transcriptome revealed that 120 genes were regulated in an antagonistic fashion by PGF(2alpha). Based on the microarray data, 25 genes were selected for validation by real-time RT-PCR analysis, and expression of these genes was also examined in the CL throughout the luteal phase and from monkeys treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to mimic early pregnancy. The results indicated changes in expression of genes favorable to PGF(2alpha) action during the late to very late luteal phase, and expressions of many of these genes were regulated in an opposite manner by exogenous hCG treatment. Collectively, the findings suggest that curtailment of expression of downstream LH-target genes possibly through PGF(2alpha) action on the CL is among the mechanisms underlying cross talk between the luteotropic and luteolytic signaling pathways that result in the cessation of luteal function, but hCG is likely to abrogate the PGF(2alpha)-responsive gene expression changes resulting in luteal rescue crucial for the maintenance of early pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Priyanka
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stimulation of Ebola virus production from persistent infection through activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:17982-7. [PMID: 18981410 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0809698105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human infections with Ebola virus (EBOV) result in a deadly viral disease known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Up to 90% of infected patients die, and there is no available treatment or vaccine. The sporadic human outbreaks are believed to result when EBOV "jumps" from an infected animal to a person and is subsequently transmitted between persons by direct contact with infected blood or body fluids. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism by which EBOV can persistently infect and then escape from model cell and animal reservoir systems. We report a model system in which infection of mouse and bat cell lines with EBOV leads to persistence, which can be broken with low levels of lipopolysaccharide or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). This reactivation depends on the Ras/MAPK pathway through inhibition of RNA-dependent protein kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha phosphorylation and occurs at the level of protein synthesis. EBOV also can be evoked from mice 7 days after infection by PMA treatment, indicating that a similar mechanism occurs in vivo. Our findings suggest that EBOV may persist in nature through subclinical infection of a reservoir species, such as bats, and that appropriate physiological stimulation may result in increased replication and transmission to new hosts. Identification of a presumptive mechanism responsible for EBOV emergence from its reservoir underscores the "hit-and-run" nature of the initiation of human and/or nonhuman primate EBOV outbreaks and may provide insight into possible countermeasures to interfere with transmission.
Collapse
|
17
|
Nagaosa K, Aikoshi I, Hasegawa Y, Nakanishi Y. Activator protein 1-mediated expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in cultured rat luteal cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2008; 75:1077-84. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
18
|
Zhao P, De A, Hu Z, Li J, Mulders SM, Sollewijn Gelpke MD, Duan EK, Hsueh AJW. Gonadotropin stimulation of ovarian fractalkine expression and fractalkine augmentation of progesterone biosynthesis by luteinizing granulosa cells. Endocrinology 2008; 149:2782-9. [PMID: 18292196 PMCID: PMC2408816 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies indicated that ovarian functions are regulated by diverse paracrine factors induced by the preovulatory increases in circulating LH. Based on DNA microarray analyses and real-time RT-PCR, we found a major increase in the transcript levels of a chemokine fractalkine after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment during the preovulatory period in gonadotropin-primed immature mice and rats. Although CX3CR1, the seven-transmembrane receptor for fractalkine, was also found in murine ovaries, its transcripts displayed minimal changes. Using tandem RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, fractalkine transcripts and proteins were localized in cumulus, mural granulosa, and theca cells as well as the oocytes, whereas CX3CR1 was found in the same cells except the oocyte. Real-time RT-PCR further indicated the hCG induction of fractalkine transcripts in different ovarian compartments, with the highest increases found in granulosa cells. In cultured granulosa cells, treatment with fractalkine augmented hCG stimulation of progesterone but not estradiol and cAMP biosynthesis with concomitant increases in transcript levels for key steroidogenic enzymes (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, CYP11A, and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). In cultured preovulatory follicles, treatment with fractalkine also augmented progesterone production stimulated by hCG. Furthermore, treatment with fractalkine augmented the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK in cultured granulosa cells. The present data demonstrated that increases in preovulatory LH/hCG induce the expression of fractalkine to augment the luteinization of preovulatory granulosa cells and suggest the fractalkine/CX3CR1 signaling system plays a potential paracrine/autocrine role in preovulatory follicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
González-Fernández R, Martínez-Galisteo E, Gaytán F, Bárcena JA, Sánchez-Criado JE. Changes in the proteome of functional and regressing corpus luteum during pregnancy and lactation in the rat. Biol Reprod 2008; 79:100-14. [PMID: 18354035 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.065474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum (CL) is an exquisitely regulated transitory endocrine gland necessary for the onset and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. Most of the data on the mechanisms of CL differentiation at the molecular level come from genomic studies, but direct protein data are scarce. Here we have undertaken a differential expression proteomic approach to identify, in an unbiased way, those proteins whose levels change significantly in the rat CL as it evolves from functionality during pregnancy to regression after parturition. Moreover, we have compared the regressing CL with the newly formed functional CL that coexist during lactation under the same endocrine environment. We have defined a "proteomic signature" of CL functionality, which is constituted by a set of 24 proteins with a few differences between pregnancy and lactation. Most of these markers are new and are involved in microtubule assembly, retinoic acid transport, and Raf kinase signaling cascade; 10 are enzymes that define a ketogenic metabolic landscape, demonstrating, for the first time, the prevalence of de novo cholesterol synthesis in luteal cells. The "proteomic signature of regression," on the other hand, is composed of nine proteins, one of which is 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and two, ferritin and gamma-actin, are new. The discovery of unpredictable new actors in the differentiation process of CL reported here will contribute to new hypotheses that explain the complex female reproductive function at the protein level. It will also open new doors to research on each identified protein by relating them to cellular differentiation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Priyanka S, Medhamurthy R. Characterization of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling cascade in the bonnet monkey corpus luteum: expressions of inhibin-alpha and StAR during different functional status. Mol Hum Reprod 2007; 13:381-90. [PMID: 17430983 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gam015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteinizing hormone mediates its nuclear action primarily by activating cAMP/Protein kinase A (PKA) pathway leading to phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding (CREB) family of transcription factors. Earlier studies have documented altered cAMP responsiveness of luteal cells during maturation, and in the rhesus monkey, extinction of CREB expression following luteinization and ovulation. In the course of studies aimed at characterizing LH-cAMP signaling pathway, we serendipitously discovered that CREB is after all present in the monkey corpus luteum (CL). The present experiments were carried out to examine the PKA activity, CREB expression and RT-PCR expression of inhibin-alpha (Inh-alpha) subunit and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in CL obtained from a variety of model systems. PKA activity in the CL was maintained throughout the luteal phase. Messenger RNA expression by RT-PCR and Northern analyses and protein levels employing antibodies specific to total- and phospho-forms demonstrated presence of CREB in the CL. Additionally, immuno-histo/cytochemical analyses, Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays for Inh-alpha and StAR genes further confirmed the presence of CREB in the CL. The present study, contrary to an earlier report, demonstrates the presence of CREB (both transcript and protein) in the monkey CL. Also, analysis of expression of Inh-alpha and StAR genes (considered to be cAMP responsive), during different functional status of CL suggests that LH regulates their expression perhaps by cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Priyanka
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | |
Collapse
|