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Pande HO, Tesfaye D, Hoelker M, Gebremedhn S, Held E, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Schellander K, Wondim DS. MicroRNA-424/503 cluster members regulate bovine granulosa cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting SMAD7 gene through activin signalling pathway. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:34. [PMID: 29716627 PMCID: PMC5930509 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The granulosa cells are indispensable for follicular development and its function is orchestrated by several genes, which in turn posttranscriptionally regulated by microRNAs (miRNA). In our previous study, the miRRNA-424/503 cluster was found to be highly abundant in bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) of preovulatory dominant follicle compared to subordinate counterpart at day 19 of the bovine estrous cycle. Other study also indicated the involvement of miR-424/503 cluster in tumour cell resistance to apoptosis suggesting this miRNA cluster may involve in cell survival. However, the role of miR-424/503 cluster in granulosa cell function remains elusive Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of miRNA-424/503 cluster in bGCs function using microRNA gain- and loss-of-function approaches. RESULTS The role of miR-424/503 cluster members in granulosa cell function was investigated by overexpressing or inhibiting its activity in vitro cultured granulosa cells using miR-424/503 mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay showed that SMAD7 and ACVR2A are the direct targets of the miRNA-424/503 cluster members. In line with this, overexpression of miRNA-424/503 cluster members using its mimic and inhibition of its activity by its inhibitor reduced and increased, respectively the expression of SMAD7 and ACVR2A. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis indicated that overexpression of miRNA-424/503 cluster members enhanced bGCs proliferation by promoting G1- to S- phase cell cycle transition. Modulation of miRNA-424/503 cluster members tended to increase phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 in the Activin signalling pathway. Moreover, sequence specific knockdown of SMAD7, the target gene of miRNA-424/503 cluster members, using small interfering RNA also revealed similar phenotypic and molecular alterations observed when miRNA-424/503 cluster members were overexpressed. Similarly, to get more insight about the role of miRNA-424/503 cluster members in activin signalling pathway, granulosa cells were treated with activin A. Activin A treatment increased cell proliferation and downregulation of both miRNA-424/503 members and its target gene, indicated the presence of negative feedback loop between activin A and the expression of miRNA-424/503. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the miRNA-424/503 cluster members are involved in regulating bovine granulosa cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Further, miRNA-424/503 cluster members target the SMAD7 and ACVR2A genes which are involved in the activin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Om Pande
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany.,Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Held
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dessie Salilew Wondim
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Menet MC, Hebert-Schuster ML, Lahlou N, Marcellin L, Leguy MC, Gayet V, Guibourdenche J. rFSH in medically assisted procreation: Evidence for ovarian follicular hyperplasia and interest of mass spectrometry to measure 17-hydroxyprogesterone and Δ4-androstenedione in serum. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 450:105-112. [PMID: 28461075 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian monitoring requires the determination of serum estradiol and progesterone levels. We investigated whole follicular steroidogenesis under rFSH in medically assisted procreation (MAP: 26 IVF, 24 ICSI) compared to 11 controls (IUI). Estrone, estradiol, Δ4-androstenedione, testosterone, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were measured by immunoassay and mass spectrometry except for estrogens. At the start of a spontaneous or induced cycle, steroids levels fluctuated within normal ranges: estradiol (314-585 pmol/L), estrone (165-379 pmol/L) testosterone (1.3-1.6 nmol/L), Δ4-androstenedione (4.5-5.6 nmol/L), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (2.1-2.2 nmol/L) and progesterone (1.8-1.9 nmol/L). 17-hydroxyprogesterone, Δ 4-androstenedione and estradiol predominated. Then estradiol and oestrone levels rise, but less markedly for oestrone in IUI. In MAP, rFSH injections induce a sharp increase in estrogens associated with a rise in 17-hydroxyprogesterone and Δ4-androstenedione levels, disrupting oestrogen/androgen ratios. rFSH stimulation induces an ovarian hyperplasia and Δ4pathway which could become abnormal. Determining 17-hydroxyprogesterone and Δ4-androstenedione levels with LC-MS/MS may therefore be useful in managing recurrent MAP failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Menet
- Department of Biological Endocrinology, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M L Hebert-Schuster
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Department of Automated Biology, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - N Lahlou
- Department of Biological Endocrinology, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - L Marcellin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M C Leguy
- Department of Biological Endocrinology, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - V Gayet
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - J Guibourdenche
- Department of Biological Endocrinology, CHU Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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Abstract
The hormone estrogen is involved in both female and male reproduction, as well as numerous other biological systems including the neuroendocrine, vascular, skeletal, and immune systems. Therefore, it is also implicated in many different diseases and conditions such as infertility, obesity, osteoporosis, endometriosis, and a variety of cancers. Estrogen works through its two distinct nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). Various transcriptional regulation mechanisms have been identified as the mode of action for estrogen, mainly the classical mechanism with direct DNA binding but also a nongenomic mode of action and one using tethered or indirect binding. The expression profiles of ERα and ERβ are unique with the primary sites of ERα expression being the uterus and pituitary gland and the main site of ERβ expression being the granulosa cells of the ovary. Mouse models with knockout or mutation of Esr1 and Esr2 have furthered our understanding of the role of each individual receptor plays in physiology. From these studies, it is known that the primary roles for ERα are in the uterus and neuroendocrine system, as female mice lacking ERα are infertile due to impaired ovarian and uterine function, whereas female mice lacking ERβ are subfertile due to ovarian defects. The development of effective therapies for estrogen-related diseases has relied on an understanding of the physiological roles and mechanistic functionalities of ERα and ERβ in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Hamilton
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
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Reichman D, Rosenwaks Z. The impact of genetic steroid disorders on human fertility. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 165:131-136. [PMID: 27125451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human fertility requires an exquisitely complex orchestration of steroid hormone action to affect the necessary elements of reproduction, including folliculogenesis, endometrial advancement, ovulation, and implantation. Individuals affected by genetic steroid disorders often face substantial challenges to these crucial elements of fertility, in addition to the broader health implications of their diseases. In the following article, we review the impact of genetic steroid disorders on human reproduction, as well as the treatments, where available, aimed at circumventing such hurdles. Adrenal disorders will first be described, followed by rare gonadal steroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reichman
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- The Ronald O. Perelman & Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, USA.
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Toda K, Hayashi Y, Ono M, Saibara T. Characterization of Ovarian Responses to Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin of Aromatase-Deficient Mice With or Without 17β-Estradiol Supplementation. Endocrinology 2016; 157:2093-103. [PMID: 26919384 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase is an enzyme catalyzing the final step of 17β-estradiol (E2) biosynthesis. Aromatase-deficient (ArKO) mice displayed vital roles of E2 at various tissue sites, including ovary. Here, we report attenuated responses of ArKO ovary to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), an alternative to FSH. Ovarian contents of cAMP and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), putative factors reducing sensitivity to gonadotropins, were significantly elevated in ArKO mice compared with those in wild type (WT) mice in the basal state. Accordingly, eCG-induced ovarian alterations in cAMP contents, phosphorylation levels of signaling molecules, and mRNA expression of eCG-targeted genes were blunted in ArKO mice compared with those in WT mice. Treatment of ArKO mice with E2 decreased ovarian cAMP and AMH contents to the WT levels but did not restore the sensitivity. Microarray analysis coupled with quantitative RT-PCR analysis identified 7 genes of which the mRNA expression levels in ArKO ovaries were significantly different from those in the WT ovaries in the basal state and were not normalized by E2 supplementation, indicating possible involvement of these gene products in the determination of ovarian sensitivity to eCG. Thus, present analyses revealed that estrogen deficiency attenuates sensitivity of the ovary to gonadotropin, which might be associated with alterations in the ovarian contents of multiple molecules including cAMP and AMH. Given the importance of the ovarian responses to gonadotropins in reproductive function, detailed knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of abnormalities in the ArKO ovary might help to develop potential targets for infertility treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Toda
- Departments of Biochemistry (K.T.), Pathology (Y.H.), and Gastroenterology and Hepatology (M.O., T.S.), Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Departments of Biochemistry (K.T.), Pathology (Y.H.), and Gastroenterology and Hepatology (M.O., T.S.), Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Departments of Biochemistry (K.T.), Pathology (Y.H.), and Gastroenterology and Hepatology (M.O., T.S.), Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Toshiji Saibara
- Departments of Biochemistry (K.T.), Pathology (Y.H.), and Gastroenterology and Hepatology (M.O., T.S.), Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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6
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Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Hoelker M, Rings F, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Schellander K, Tesfaye D. MicroRNA-183-96-182 Cluster Regulates Bovine Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Transition by Coordinately Targeting FOXO1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:127. [PMID: 27122636 PMCID: PMC6702798 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.137539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale expression profiling of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in bovine granulosa cells from dominant and subordinate follicles on Day 19 of the estrous cycle revealed enriched micro-RNA-183-96-182 cluster miRNAs in preovulatory dominant follicles that coordinately regulate the forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) gene. However, little is known about the role of this cluster in bovine granulosa cell function. We used an in vitro granulosa cell culture model to investigate this role. Granulosa cells aspirated from small growing follicles (3-5 mm in diameter) were cultured in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium/F-12 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum and transfected with locked nucleic acid-based miRNA mimics, inhibitors, and corresponding negative controls. Overexpression of the miRNA cluster resulted in suppression of FOXO1 mRNA and protein, whereas inhibition of the cluster increased expression of FOXO1 mRNA. Overexpression also increased the relative rate of cell proliferation, whereas inhibition slowed it down. Similarly, the proportion of cells under G0/G1 arrest declined, whereas the ratio of cells in S phase increased in response to miR-183-96-182 overexpression. Selective knockdown of FOXO1 mRNA using anti-FOXO1 small interfering RNA increased the rate of granulosa cell proliferation, decreased the proportion of cells under G0/G1 arrest, and increased the proportion of cells in the S phase of cell cycle. Our data suggest that miR-183-96-182 cluster miRNAs promote proliferation and G1/S transition of bovine granulosa cells by coordinately targeting FOXO1, suggesting a critical role in granulosa cell function. MicroRNA-183-96-182 cluster regulates bovine granulosa cell function by targeting FOXO1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gebremedhn
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franca Rings
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Peng JY, An XP, Fang F, Gao KX, Xin HY, Han P, Bao LJ, Ma HD, Cao BY. MicroRNA-10b suppresses goat granulosa cell proliferation by targeting brain-derived neurotropic factor. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2016; 54:60-7. [PMID: 26513157 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor B, have been assumed to be involved in female reproduction and have recently shown to play an essential role in follicle activation and oocyte maturation. In this study, we analyzed the expression of miR-10b and BDNF in the ovary and discovered that the expression of miR-10b was higher in monotocous goat ovaries than in polytocous goat ovaries, whereas the expression pattern of BDNF in ovary was opposite. Moreover, human chorionic gonadotropin induced rapid and transient expression of BDNF messenger RNA and protein. In contrast, human chorionic gonadotropin upregulated miR-10b expression in a time-dependent manner. The BDNF gene was identified as a direct target of miR-10b using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Transfection of granulosa cells with miR-10b decreased BDNF messenger RNA and protein levels. MiR-10b overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, whereas BDNF promoted cell proliferation. However, a combined treatment with miR-10b and BDNF promoted cell proliferation, indicating that the reintroduction of BDNF reversed the suppressive effect of miR-10b. These results demonstrate that miR-10b downregulates BDNF expression in granulosa cells by directly targeting the 3' untranslated regions and plays an important role in inhibiting granulosa cell proliferation by targeting BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - X P An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - F Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - K X Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - H Y Xin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - P Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - L J Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - H D Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - B Y Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China.
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Toda K, Hayashi Y, Ono M, Saibara T. Co-administration of insulin with a gonadotropin partly improves ovulatory responses of estrogen-deficient mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 411:177-86. [PMID: 25957088 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Administration of 17-βestradiol (E2) with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can induce ovulation in estrogen-deficient (ArKO) mice; nevertheless, ovulatory efficiency and rate are low. In this study, effects of insulin on the ovulatory responses were investigated. In ArKO ovary, hCG signal was found to be transmitted in an uncoordinated manner when phosphorylation levels of signaling molecules are examined. Co-administration of insulin with hCG improved the transmission of hCG signal as well as the ovulatory efficiency in ArKO mice. It also improved the ovulatory rate but far below the wild-type rate. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that Cyp11a1 and Cyp17a1 mRNAs were significantly induced 4 h after PMSG administration in the wild-type ovary, but not in ArKO ovary. Collectively, these results suggest that insulin improves ovulatory responses of ArKO mice, but it fails to ameliorate follicular dysfunctions caused possibly by an inappropriate intraovarian milieu during follicular maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Toda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Toshiji Saibara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi University School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Toda K, Hayashi Y, Yamashita A, Okabe M, Ono M, Saibara T. Aromatase-null mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein in germ cells provide a model system to assess estrogen-dependent ovulatory responses. Transgenic Res 2013; 23:293-302. [PMID: 24272335 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-013-9771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) has provided us with valuable approaches for tracking living cells. We established a novel line of transgenic mice, which express EGFP in the testis and ovary. Histological analysis demonstrated that spermatids in the testis and oocytes in ovarian follicles beyond preantral stages were positive for EGFP. By exploiting these features, we evaluated ovulatory responses of aromatase-gene (Cyp19a) knockout mouse expressing the EGFP transgene, which is totally anovulatory due to 17β-estradiol (E2) deficiency. Ovulation in the knockout mice was induced by sequential injections of E2 on days 1, 4 and 5, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin on day 4 and human chorionic gonadotropin on day 6. Fluorescent oocytes were readily detectable at 15 h after the last gonadotropin injection in the oviduct under a fluorescence stereomicroscope, even when only one oocyte was present. However, when E2 supplementation on day 4 or day 5 in the regimen was omitted, no ovulated oocytes were detected, indicating that exogenous E2 supplementation at the time of gonadotropin stimulation is necessary to induce ovulation in aromatase-gene knockout mice. Our results further demonstrated that the current mouse line can provide an alternative tool to study germ cell biology, including oogenesis, ovulation and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Toda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan,
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Toda K, Ono M, Yuhki KI, Ushikubi F, Saibara T. 17β-Estradiol is critical for the preovulatory induction of prostaglandin E(2) synthesis in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 362:176-82. [PMID: 22713853 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase-deficient (ArKO) mice are totally anovulatory due to insufficient estrogen production. However, sequential administrations of high doses of 17β-estradiol (E2) and gonadotropins were found to induce ovulation in these mice. Here, we examined how the ovulatory stimulation for ArKO mice alters the expressions of genes related to prostaglandin (PG) E(2) metabolism and ovarian contents of PGE(2), as PGE(2) is one of the critical mediators of ovulatory induction. The ovulatory stimulation significantly increased mRNA expressions of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, PGE(2) receptor type 4 and sulfotransferase family 1E, member 1, in preovulatory ArKO ovaries. In contrast, it suppressed the mRNA expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase. Furthermore, significant elevation in the PGE(2) contents was detected in the preovulatory ovaries of ArKO mice after stimulation with E2 plus ovulatory doses of gonadotropins. Thus, these analyses demonstrate a requirement of E2 for the preovulatory enhancement of PGE(2) synthesis, leading to future success in ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Toda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University, School of Medicine, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
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11
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Szymanski L, Bakker J. Aromatase knockout mice show normal steroid-induced activation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurones and luteinising hormone surges with a reduced population of kisspeptin neurones in the rostral hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2012; 24:1222-33. [PMID: 22577852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that female aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice show deficits in sexual behaviour and a decreased population of kisspeptin-immunoreactive neurones in the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle (RP3V), resurrecting the question of whether oestradiol actively contributes to female-typical sexual differentiation. To further address this question, we assessed the capacity of ArKO mice to generate a steroid-induced luteinising hormone (LH) surge. Adult, gonadectomised wild-type (WT) and ArKO mice were given silastic oestradiol implants s.c. and, 1 week later, received s.c. injections of either oestradiol benzoate (EB) followed by progesterone, EB alone, or no additional steroids to activate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones and generate an LH surge. Treatment with EB and progesterone induced significant Fos/GnRH double-labelling and, consequently, an LH surge in female WT and in ArKO mice of both sexes but not in male WT mice. ArKO mice of both sexes had fewer cells expressing Kiss-1 mRNA in the RP3V compared to female WT mice but had more Kiss-1 mRNA-expressing cells compared to WT males, reflecting an incomplete sexual differentiation of this system. To determine the number of cells expressing kisspeptin, the same experimental design was repeated in Experiment 2 with the addition of groups of WT and ArKO mice that were given EB + progesterone and sacrificed 2 h before the expected LH surge. No differences were observed in the number of kisspeptin-immunoreactive cells 2 h before and at the time of the LH surge. The finding that ArKO mice of both sexes have a competent LH surge system suggests that oestradiol has predominantly defeminising actions on the GnRH/LH surge system in males and that the steroid-induced LH surge can occur in females even with a greatly reduced population of kisspeptin neurones in the RP3V.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Szymanski
- GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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