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Qiu Y, Jiang W, Feng D, Yu Y, Hou H, Deng M, Chen X, Liu L, Wu R, Lu Q, Zhao M. Resolving 3-Dimensional Genomic Landscape of CD4+ T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)02064-5. [PMID: 39182560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
A precise regulation of gene expression depends on the accuracy of the 3-dimensional (3D) structure of chromatin; however, the effects of the 3D genome on gene expression in psoriasis remain unknown. In this study, we conducted Hi-C and RNA sequencing on CD4+ T cells collected from 5 patients with psoriasis and 3 healthy controls and constructed a comprehensive 3D chromatin interaction map to delineate the genomic hierarchies, including A/B compartments, topologically associated domains, and chromatin loops. Then, the specific superenhancers related to psoriasis were identified by Hi-C and H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data. Subsequently, comprehensive analyses were carried out on the differentially expressed genes that are associated with altered topologically associated domains, loops, and superenhancers in psoriasis. Finally, we screened the candidate target genes and examined the potential functional SNP in psoriasis affected by disruptions of the spatial organization. This study provides a comprehensive reference for examining the 3D genome interactions in psoriasis and elucidating the interplay between spatial organization disruption and gene regulation. We hope that our findings can help clarify the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of psoriasis and shed light on the role of 3D genomic structure, therefore informing potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Qiu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Delong Feng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Epigenetic Group, Frasergen Bioinformatics, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Ooka T, Usuyama N, Shibata R, Kyo M, Mansbach JM, Zhu Z, Camargo CA, Hasegawa K. Integrated-omics analysis with explainable deep networks on pathobiology of infant bronchiolitis. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:93. [PMID: 39174575 PMCID: PMC11341550 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of infant hospitalization. However, the molecular networks driving bronchiolitis pathobiology remain unknown. Integrative molecular networks, including the transcriptome and metabolome, can identify functional and regulatory pathways contributing to disease severity. Here, we integrated nasopharyngeal transcriptome and metabolome data of 397 infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis in a 17-center prospective cohort study. Using an explainable deep network model, we identified an omics-cluster comprising 401 transcripts and 38 metabolites that distinguishes bronchiolitis severity (test-set AUC, 0.828). This omics-cluster derived a molecular network, where innate immunity-related metabolites (e.g., ceramides) centralized and were characterized by toll-like receptor (TLR) and NF-κB signaling pathways (both FDR < 0.001). The network analyses identified eight modules and 50 existing drug candidates for repurposing, including prostaglandin I2 analogs (e.g., iloprost), which promote anti-inflammatory effects through TLR signaling. Our approach facilitates not only the identification of molecular networks underlying infant bronchiolitis but the development of pioneering treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadao Ooka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | | | - Ryohei Shibata
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michihito Kyo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Mansbach
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Liu J, Luo S, Wang G, Hu X, Chen G, Xu Q. Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Antiviral Immune Response of Duck Src. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1044. [PMID: 39202404 PMCID: PMC11353579 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
As a founding member of the Src family of kinases, Src has been confirmed to participate in the regulation of immune responses, integrin signaling, and motility. Ducks are usually asymptomatic carriers of RNA viruses such as Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus, which can be deadly to chickens. The beneficial role of Src in modulating the immune response remains largely unknown in ducks. Here, we characterized the duck Src and found that it contains a 192-base-pair 5' untranslated region, a 1602-base-pair coding region, and a 2541-base-pair 3' untranslated region, encoding 533 amino acid residues. Additionally, duSrc transcripts were significantly activated in duck tissues infected by Newcastle disease virus compared to controls. The duSrc transcripts were notably widespread in all tissues examined, and the expression level was higher in liver, blood, lung, pancreas, and thymus. Moreover, we found the expression levels of IFN-β, NF-κB, IRF3, and Src were significantly increased in DEFs after infection with 5'ppp dsRNA, but there was no significant difference before and after treatment in DF1 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of duSrc followed by stimulation with 5'ppp dsRNA led to an elevation of IFN-β levels. The SH3 and PTKc domains of duSrc contributed to promoting the activity of IFN-β and NF-κB in DEFs stimulated by 5'ppp dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.L.); (S.L.); (X.H.); (G.C.)
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4
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Gaudel C, Pisibon C, Soysouvanh F, Giuliano S, Picard-Gauci A, Leclerc J, Hofman P, Bahadoran P, Bertolotto C, Ballotti R. Loss of LYN Is Frequent in Targeted Therapy-Resistant Melanoma Cells and Favors Metastatic Properties. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01913-4. [PMID: 39033988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.06.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Gaudel
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
| | - Céline Pisibon
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée ARC 2022, Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Soysouvanh
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
| | - Serena Giuliano
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée ARC 2022, Nice, France
| | - Alexandra Picard-Gauci
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Département de Dermatologie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Justine Leclerc
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Bahadoran
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée ARC 2022, Nice, France; Département de Dermatologie, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Corine Bertolotto
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2020, Nice, France
| | - Robert Ballotti
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Inserm U1065, Biology and Pathologies of Mélanocytes, Team 1, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France; Equipe labellisée ARC 2022, Nice, France.
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5
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Wu D, Van der Hoeven G, Claes Z, Van Eynde A, Bollen M. DNA damage-induced allosteric activation of protein phosphatase PP1:NIPP1 through Src kinase-induced circularization of NIPP1. FEBS J 2024; 291:2615-2635. [PMID: 38303113 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) complexed to nuclear inhibitor of PP1 (NIPP1) limits DNA repair through dephosphorylation of NIPP1-recruited substrates. However, the PP1:NIPP1 holoenzyme is completely inactive under basal conditions, hinting at a DNA damage-regulated activation mechanism. Here, we report that DNA damage caused the activation of PP1:NIPP1 after a time delay of several hours through phosphorylation of NIPP1 at the C-terminal tyrosine 335 (Y335) by a Src-family kinase. PP1:NIPP1 activation partially resulted from the dissociation of the C terminus of NIPP1 from the active site of PP1. In addition, the released Y335-phosphorylated C terminus interacted with the N terminus of NIPP1 to enhance substrate recruitment by the flanking forkhead-associated (FHA) domain. Constitutive activation of PP1:NIPP1 by knock-in of a phospho-mimicking (Y335E) NIPP1 mutant led to the hypo-phosphorylation of FHA ligands and an accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Our data indicate that PP1:NIPP1 activation through circularization of NIPP1 is a late response to DNA damage that contributes to the timely recovery from damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Laboratory of Biosignaling & Therapeutics, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gerd Van der Hoeven
- Laboratory of Biosignaling & Therapeutics, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zander Claes
- Laboratory of Biosignaling & Therapeutics, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleyde Van Eynde
- Laboratory of Biosignaling & Therapeutics, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Bollen
- Laboratory of Biosignaling & Therapeutics, KU Leuven Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Fiske BE, Wemlinger SM, Crute BW, Getahun A. The Src-family kinase Lyn plays a critical role in establishing and maintaining B cell anergy by suppressing PI3K-dependent signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595208. [PMID: 38826354 PMCID: PMC11142063 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Although the Src family kinase (SFK) Lyn is known to be involved in induction and maintenance of peripheral B cell tolerance, the molecular basis of its action in this context remains unclear. This question has been approached using conventional as well as B cell-targeted knockouts of Lyn, with varied conclusions likely confused by collateral loss of Lyn functions in B cell and myeloid cell development and activation. Here we utilized a system in which Lyn gene deletion is tamoxifen inducible and B cell restricted. This system allows acute elimination of Lyn in B cells without off-target effects. This genetic tool was employed in conjunction with immunoglobulin transgenic mice in which peripheral B cells are autoreactive. DNA reactive Ars/A1 B cells require continuous inhibitory signaling, mediated by the inositol phosphatase SHIP-1 and the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, to maintain an unresponsive (anergic) state. Here we show that Ars/A1 B cells require Lyn to establish and maintain B cell unresponsiveness. Lyn primarily functions by restricting PI3K-dependent signaling pathways. This Lyn-dependent mechanism complements the impact of reduced mIgM BCR expression to restrict BCR signaling in Ars/A1 B cells. Our findings suggest that a subset of autoreactive B cells requires Lyn to become anergic and that the autoimmunity associated with dysregulated Lyn function may, in part, be due to an inability of these autoreactive B cells to become tolerized.
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7
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Kohal R, Bhavana, Kumari P, Sharma AK, Gupta GD, Verma SK. Fyn, Blk, and Lyn kinase inhibitors: A mini-review on medicinal attributes, research progress, and future insights. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 102:129674. [PMID: 38408513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Fyn, Blk, and Lyn are part of a group of proteins called Src family kinases. They are crucial in controlling cell communication and their response to the growth, changes, and immune system. Blocking these proteins with inhibitors can be a way to treat diseases where these proteins are too active. The primary mode of action of these inhibitors is to inhibit the phosphorylation of Fyn, Blk, and Lyn receptors, which in turn affects how signals pass within the cells. This review shows the structural and functional aspects of Fyn, Blk, and Lyn kinases, highlighting the significance of their dysregulation in diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. The discussion encompasses the design strategies, SAR analysis, and chemical characteristics of effective inhibitors, shedding light on their specificity and potency. Furthermore, it explores the progress of clinical trials of these inhibitors, emphasizing their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Kohal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhavana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Preety Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India
| | - Sant Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001, Punjab, India.
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8
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Tornillo G, Warrington L, Kendrick H, Higgins AT, Hay T, Beck S, Smalley MJ. Conditional in vivo deletion of LYN kinase has little effect on a BRCA1 loss-of-function-associated mammary tumour model. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050211. [PMID: 38149669 PMCID: PMC10846530 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
LYN kinase is expressed in BRCA1 loss-of-function-dependent mouse mammary tumours, in the cells of origin of such tumours, and in human breast cancer. Suppressing LYN kinase activity in BRCA1-defective cell lines as well as in in vitro cultures of Brca1-null mouse mammary tumours is deleterious to their growth. Here, we examined the interaction between LYN kinase and BRCA1 loss-of-function in an in vivo mouse mammary tumour model, using conditional knockout Brca1 and Lyn alleles. Comparison of Brca1 tumour cohorts showed little difference in mammary tumour formation between animals that were wild type, heterozygous or homozygous for the conditional Lyn allele, although this was confounded by factors including incomplete Lyn recombination in some tumours. RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrated that tumours with high levels of Lyn gene expression had a slower doubling time, but this was not correlated with levels of LYN staining in tumour cells themselves. Rather, high Lyn expression and slower tumour growth were likely a result of B-cell infiltration. The multifaceted role of LYN indicates that it is likely to present difficulties as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Tornillo
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Lauren Warrington
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Howard Kendrick
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Adam T. Higgins
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Trevor Hay
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Sam Beck
- Independent Anatomic Pathology Ltd, Calyx House, South Road, Taunton TA1 3DU, UK
| | - Matthew J. Smalley
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
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9
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Hassan MI, Anjum D, Mohammad T, Alam M, Khan MS, Shahwan M, Shamsi A, Yadav DK. Integrated virtual screening and MD simulation study to discover potential inhibitors of Lyn-kinase: targeting cancer therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10558-10568. [PMID: 36495308 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2154849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn (LynK) has emerged as one of the most attractive therapeutic targets for cancer and diabetes. In this study, we used a multistep virtual screening process of natural compounds to discover potential inhibitors of LynK from the IMPPAT database. The primary filters were based on Lipinski rules, ADMET properties, and PAINS patterns. Then, binding affinities and interaction analyses were carried out for the high-affinity selectivity of the compounds towards LynK. Eventually, two natural compounds, Glabrene and Lactupicrin, were identified with high affinity and specificity for the LynK-binding pocket. Both compounds exhibited drug-like properties, as predicted by ADMET analysis and physicochemical parameters. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study revealed that these compounds bind to the ATP-binding pocket of LynK and interact with functionally significant residues with stability without inducing any significant structural changes to the protein. Ultimately, the identified compounds may be regarded as promising LynK inhibitors and can be used as lead molecules in the drug development against LynK-related diseases.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Darakshan Anjum
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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10
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Zehui W, Mengting Z, Pengfei L, Yuanyin W, Jianguang X, Tao W. Elucidation of common molecular diagnostic biomarkers between chronic periodontitis and Parkinson's disease via bioinformatics analyses. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1212-1222. [PMID: 37664910 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) are both inflammatory diseases; a correlation between the two diseases has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms of this association have not been investigated. We investigated the common molecular mechanisms between PD and CP and the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of them using bioinformatics analyses to elucidate the association between the two diseases. METHODS We obtained gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE23586 for CP gingival samples and GSE20146 for PD brain samples. Subsequently, we conducted an enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. Moreover, all DEGs were analysed for protein-transcription factor interactions and protein-immune cell co-expression. We constructed protein-transcription factor, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and protein-immune cell co-expression networks using the Cytoscape software. Moreover, we identified the hub genes and investigated them for potential diagnostic value. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We identified 99 DEGs in the three CP datasets, 520 DEGs in the PD dataset and found five common DEGs in the CP and PD datasets, namely CXCR4, CXCL8, CD19, RPTN, and SLC16A9. These common DEGs identified in our study may have a potential impact on disease pathogenesis through the involvement of CXCR4-CXCL8-CD19 protein-complexes in dendritic cells. Therefore, CD19, LCP2, CXCR4, and LYN could be used as target molecules for the clinical diagnosis of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zehui
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao Mengting
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Pengfei
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wang Yuanyin
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Jianguang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wu Tao
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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11
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Vladimir-Knežević S, Bival Štefan M, Blažeković B, Jelić D, Petković T, Mandić M, Šprajc E, Lovković S. Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Black Chokeberry and Bilberry Fruit Extracts Rich in Chlorogenic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15512. [PMID: 37958496 PMCID: PMC10650546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible berries such as the fruits of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) are considered to be rich in phenolic compounds, which are nowadays attracting great interest due to their promising health benefits. The main objective of our study was to investigate, for the first time, their inhibitory properties on Src tyrosine kinase activity, as this enzyme plays an important role in multiple cellular processes and is activated in both cancer and inflammatory cells. In hydroethanolic fruit extracts, 5.0-5.9% of total polyphenols were determined spectrophotometrically, including high amounts of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. HPLC analysis revealed that the black chokeberry and bilberry extracts contained 2.05 mg/g and 2.54 mg/g of chlorogenic acid, respectively. Using a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assay, the extracts studied were found to have comparable inhibitory effects on Src tyrosine kinase, with IC50 values of 366 µg/mL and 369 µg/mL, respectively. The results also indicated that chlorogenic acid contributes significantly to the observed effect. In addition, both fruit extracts exhibited antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH and NO radicals with SC50 values of 153-352 µg/mL. Our study suggested that black chokeberry and bilberry fruits may be beneficial in cancer and other inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Vladimir-Knežević
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.-K.); (B.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Maja Bival Štefan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.-K.); (B.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Biljana Blažeković
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.-K.); (B.B.); (T.P.)
| | | | - Tea Petković
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.-K.); (B.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Marta Mandić
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
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12
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Liu H, Zhang J, Yan X, An D, Lei H. The Anti-atherosclerosis Mechanism of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Based On Network Pharmacology. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:515-532. [PMID: 37523140 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (ZCL) on atherosclerosis (AS) using network pharmacology and in vitro validation.We collected the active components of ZCL and predicted their targets in AS. We constructed the protein-protein interaction, compound-target, and target-compound-pathway networks, and performed GO and KEGG analyses. Molecular docking of the active components and key targets was constructed with Autodock and Pymol software. Validation was performed with qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blot.We obtained 80 components of ZCL. The network analysis identified that 14 components and 37 genes were involved in AS. Then, 10 key nodes in the PPI network were identified as the key targets of ZCL because of their importance in network topology. The binding energy of 8 components (Cynaroside, α-Spinasterol, Linarin, Kaempferide, Acacetin, Genkwanin, Chrysin, and Apiin) to 4 targets (MMP9, TP53, AKT1, SRC) was strong and <-1 kJ/mol. In addition, 13 of the 14 components were flavonoids and thus total flavonoids of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (ZCF) were used for in vitro validation. We found that ZCF reduced eNOS, P22phox, gp91phox, and PCSK9 at mRNA and protein levels, as well as the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 proteins in vitro (P < 0.05).We successfully predicted the active components, targets, and mechanisms of ZCL in treating AS using network pharmacology. We confirmed that ZCF may play a role in AS by modulating oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory response via Cynaroside, Linarin, Kaempferide, Acacetin, Genkwanin, Chrysin, and Apiin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuehua Yan
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Dongqing An
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China.
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China.
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13
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Koutras N, Morfos V, Konnaris K, Kouvela A, Shaukat AN, Stathopoulos C, Stamatopoulou V, Nika K. Integrated signaling and transcriptome analysis reveals Src family kinase individualities and novel pathways controlled by their constitutive activity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224520. [PMID: 37680627 PMCID: PMC10482094 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Src family kinases (SFKs) Lck and Lyn are crucial for lymphocyte development and function. Albeit tissue-restricted expression patterns the two kinases share common functions; the most pronounced one being the phosphorylation of ITAM motifs in the cytoplasmic tails of antigenic receptors. Lck is predominantly expressed in T lymphocytes; however, it can be ectopically found in B-1 cell subsets and numerous pathologies including acute and chronic B-cell leukemias. The exact impact of Lck on the B-cell signaling apparatus remains enigmatic and is followed by the long-lasting question of mechanisms granting selectivity among SFK members. In this work we sought to investigate the mechanistic basis of ectopic Lck function in B-cells and compare it to events elicited by the predominant B-cell SFK, Lyn. Our results reveal substrate promiscuity displayed by the two SFKs, which however, is buffered by their differential susceptibility toward regulatory mechanisms, revealing a so far unappreciated aspect of SFK member-specific fine-tuning. Furthermore, we show that Lck- and Lyn-generated signals suffice to induce transcriptome alterations, reminiscent of B-cell activation, in the absence of receptor/co-receptor engagement. Finally, our analyses revealed a yet unrecognized role of SFKs in tipping the balance of cellular stress responses, by promoting the onset of ER-phagy, an as yet completely uncharacterized process in B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Konstantina Nika
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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14
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Mayeur S, Molitor A, Miguet L, Rigolot L, Naegely L, Stemmelen T, Meyer S, Toussaint E, Vallat L, Eischen A, Chenard MP, Tavian M, Bahram S, Carapito R, Nicolae A. Multiomics of three hematological malignancies in a patient reveal their origin from clonal hematopoietic stem cells. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:118. [PMID: 37558702 PMCID: PMC10412639 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Grants
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
- Work in S.B.’s laboratory was supported by Strasbourg’s Interdisciplinary Thematic Institute (ITI) for Precision Medicine, TRANSPLANTEX NG, as part of the ITI 2021–2028 program of the University of Strasbourg, CNRS and INSERM, funded by IdEx Unistra (ANR-10-IDEX-0002) and SFRI-STRAT’US (ANR-20-SFRI-0012), as well as Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, MSD Avenir ‘Autogen’ and Grand Est Region TARGET fund.
- Work in S.B.’s laboratory was supported by Strasbourg’s Interdisciplinary Thematic Institute (ITI) for Precision Medicine, TRANSPLANTEX NG, as part of the ITI 2021–2028 program of the University of Strasbourg, CNRS and INSERM, funded by IdEx Unistra (ANR-10-IDEX-0002) and SFRI-STRAT’US (ANR-20-SFRI-0012), as well as Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE and MSD Avenir ‘Autogen’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Mayeur
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Miguet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM, IRFAC / UMR_S 1113, ITI InnoVec, FHU ARRIMAGE, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucie Rigolot
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM, IRFAC / UMR_S 1113, ITI InnoVec, FHU ARRIMAGE, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydie Naegely
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tristan Stemmelen
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Meyer
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elise Toussaint
- Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Vallat
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM, IRFAC / UMR_S 1113, ITI InnoVec, FHU ARRIMAGE, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alice Eischen
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Chenard
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Manuela Tavian
- INSERM, IRFAC / UMR_S 1113, ITI InnoVec, FHU ARRIMAGE, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Alina Nicolae
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- INSERM, IRFAC / UMR_S 1113, ITI InnoVec, FHU ARRIMAGE, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Suresh K. "Lyn"king Emphysema and Cancer Development: Insights from Src Family Kinase Gain-of-Function Models. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:8-9. [PMID: 37079882 PMCID: PMC10324041 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0122ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland
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16
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Kong E, Li Y, Ma P, Zhang Y, Ding R, Hua T, Yang M, Yuan H. Lyn-mediated glycolysis enhancement of microglia contributes to neuropathic pain through facilitating IRF5 nuclear translocation in spinal dorsal horn. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:1664-1681. [PMID: 37132040 PMCID: PMC10273059 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory phenotype of microglia usually induces neuroinflammatory reactions in neuropathic pain. Glycometabolism shift to glycolysis can promote the pro-inflammatory phenotype transition of microglia. The omics data analysis suggest a critical role for Lyn dysregulation in neuropathic pain. The present study aimed at exploring the mechanism of Lyn-mediated glycolysis enhancement of microglia in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain model was established by chronic constriction injury (CCI), then pain thresholds and Lyn expression were measured. Lyn inhibitor Bafetinib and siRNA-lyn knockdown were administrated intrathecally to evaluate the effects of Lyn on pain thresholds, glycolysis and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) nuclear translocation of microglia in vivo and in vitro. ChIP was carried out to observe the binding of transcription factors SP1, PU.1 to glycolytic gene promoters by IRF5 knockdown. Finally, the relationship between glycolysis and pro-inflammatory phenotype transition of microglia was evaluated. CCI led to the upregulation of Lyn expression and glycolysis enhancement in microglia of spinal dorsal horn. Bafetinib or siRNA-lyn knockdown intrathecally alleviated pain hyperalgesia, suppressed glycolysis enhancement and inhibited nuclear translocation of IRF5 in CCI mice. Also, IRF5 promoted the binding of transcription factors SP1, PU.1 to glycolytic gene promoters, and then the enhanced glycolysis facilitated the proliferation and pro-inflammatory phenotype transition of microglia and contributed to neuropathic pain. Lyn-mediated glycolysis enhancement of microglia contributes to neuropathic pain through facilitating IRF5 nuclear translocation in spinal dorsal horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erliang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyZhengzhouChina
| | - Yongchang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruifeng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tong Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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17
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Zhao X, Jiang Y, Luo S, Zhao Y, Zhao H. Intercellular communication involving macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface may be a pivotal mechanism of URSA: a novel discovery from transcriptomic data. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:973930. [PMID: 37265689 PMCID: PMC10231036 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.973930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a severe challenge to reproductive females worldwide, and its etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been fully clarified. Abnormal intercellular communication between macrophages (Mφ) and decidual stromal cells (DSCs) or trophoblasts has been supposed to be the key to URSA. However, the exact molecular mechanisms in the crosstalk are not yet well understood. This study aimed to explore the potential molecule mechanism that may be involved in the communication between Mφ and DSC or trophoblast cells and determine their diagnostic characteristics by using the integrated research strategy of bioinformatics analysis, machine learning and experiments. First, microarrays of decidual tissue (GSE26787, GSE165004) and placenta tissue (GSE22490) in patients with URSA, as well as microarrays involving induced decidualization (GSE94644) and macrophage polarization in vitro (GSE30595) were derived from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. And 721 decidua-differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 613 placenta-DEGs, 510 Mφ polarization DEGs were obtained in URSA by differential expression analysis. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and the hub genes were identified by CytoHubba in Cytoscape software and validated by real-time PCR assay. Subsequently, immune enrichment analysis on decidua-DEGs and placenta-DEGs by ClueGO verified their regulation effects on Mφ. Besides, functional enrichment analysis was performed on Mφ polarization DEGs and the essential module genes derived from the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to uncover the biological function that were related to abnormal polarization of Mφ. Furthermore, we screened out 29, 43 and 22 secreted protein-encoding genes from DSC-DEGs, placenta-DEGs and Mφ polarization DEGs, respectively. Besides, the hub secreted-protein-encoding genes were screened by CytoHubba. Moreover, we conducted functional enrichment analysis on these genes. And spearman correlation analysis between hub secreted-protein-encoding genes from donor cells and hub genes in recipient cells was performed to further understand the molecular mechanism of intercellular communication further. Moreover, signature genes with diagnostic value were screened from secreted protein-encoding genes by machine learning and validated by immunofluorescence co-localization analysis with clinical samples. Finally, three biomarkers of DSCs (FGF9, IL1R2, NID2) and three biomarkers of Mφ (CFB, NID2, CXCL11) were obtained. In conclusion, this project provides new ideas for understanding the mechanism regulatory network of intercellular communication involving macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface of URSA. Also, it provides innovative insights for the diagnosis and treatment of URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Gynecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuepeng Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiling Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Gynecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Gynecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Kim J, Rosenberger MG, Chen S, IP CKM, Bahmani A, Chen Q, Shen J, Tang Y, Wang A, Kenna E, Son M, Tay S, Ferguson AL, Esser-Kahn AP. Discovery of New States of Immunomodulation for Vaccine Adjuvants via High Throughput Screening: Expanding Innate Responses to PRRs. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:427-439. [PMID: 36968540 PMCID: PMC10037445 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of the innate immune system is crucial in both effective vaccinations and immunotherapies. This is often achieved through adjuvants, molecules that usually activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and stimulate two innate immune signaling pathways: the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells pathway (NF-κB) and the interferon regulatory factors pathway (IRF). Here, we demonstrate the ability to alter and improve adjuvant activity via the addition of small molecule "immunomodulators". By modulating signaling activity instead of receptor binding, these molecules allow the customization of select innate responses. We demonstrate both inhibition and enhancement of the products of the NF-κB and IRF pathways by several orders of magnitude. Some modulators apply generally across many receptors, while others focus specifically on individual receptors. Modulators boost correlates of a protective immune responses in a commercial flu vaccine model and reduced correlates of reactogenicity in a typhoid vaccine model. These modulators have a range of applications: from adjuvanticity in prophylactics to enhancement of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Siquan Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Carman KM IP
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Azadeh Bahmani
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Qing Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jinjing Shen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yifeng Tang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Andrew Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Emma Kenna
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Minjun Son
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Savaş Tay
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Andrew L. Ferguson
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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19
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Han Z, Jin J, Chen X, He Y, Sun H. Adjuvant activity of tubeimosides by mediating the local immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1108244. [PMID: 36845089 PMCID: PMC9950507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1108244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis, the dry tuber of Bolbostemma paniculatum, has being used for the treatment of acute mastitis and tumors in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, tubeimoside (TBM) I, II, and III from this drug were investigated for the adjuvant activities, structure-activity relationships (SAR), and mechanisms of action. Three TBMs significantly boosted the antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses and elicited both Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 responses towards ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. TBM I also remarkably facilitated mRNA and protein expression of various chemokines and cytokines in the local muscle tissues. Flow cytometry revealed that TBM I promoted the recruitment and antigen uptake of immune cells in the injected muscles, and augmented the migration and antigen transport of immune cells to the draining lymph nodes. Gene expression microarray analysis manifested that TBM I modulated immune, chemotaxis, and inflammation-related genes. The integrated analysis of network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and molecular docking predicted that TBM I exerted adjuvant activity by interaction with SYK and LYN. Further investigation verified that SYK-STAT3 signaling axis was involved in the TBM I-induced inflammatory response in the C2C12 cells. Our results for the first time demonstrated that TBMs might be promising vaccine adjuvant candidates and exert the adjuvant activity through mediating the local immune microenvironment. SAR information contributes to developing the semisynthetic saponin derivatives with adjuvant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Jin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,College of Animal Sciences, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei He
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Hongxiang Sun,
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20
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Hu Q, Chen J, Yang W, Xu M, Zhou J, Tan J, Huang T. GPX3 expression was down-regulated but positively correlated with poor outcome in human cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:990551. [PMID: 36845676 PMCID: PMC9947857 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.990551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer is a crucial public health problem and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that GPX3 may be involved in cancer metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. However, how GPX3 affects cancer patients' outcomes and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods Sequencing data and clinical data from TCGA, GTEx, HPA, and CPTAC were used to explore the relationship between GPX3 expression and clinical features. Immunoinfiltration scores were used to assess the relationship between GPX3 and the tumor immune microenvironment. Functional enrichment analysis was used to predict the role of GPX3 in tumors. Gene mutation frequency, methylation level, and histone modification were used to predict the GPX3 expression regulation method. Breast, ovarian, colon, and gastric cancer cells were used to investigate the relationship between GPX3 expression and cancer cell metastasis, proliferation, and chemotherapy sensitivity. Results GPX3 is down-regulated in various tumor tissues, and GPX3 expression level can be used as a marker for cancer diagnosis. However, GPX3 expression is associated with higher stage and lymph node metastasis, as well as poorer prognosis. GPX3 is closely related to thyroid function and antioxidant function, and its expression may be regulated by epigenetic inheritance such as methylation modification or histone modification. In vitro experiments, GPX3 expression is associated with cancer cell sensitivity to oxidant and platinum-based chemotherapy and is involved in tumor metastasis in oxidative environments. Discussion We explored the relationship between GPX3 and clinical features, immune infiltration characteristics, migration and metastasis, and chemotherapy sensitivities of human cancers. We further investigated the potential genetic and epigenetic regulation of GPX3 in cancer. Our results suggested that GPX3 plays a complicated role in the tumor microenvironment, simultaneously promoting metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ming Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Tan
- *Correspondence: Tao Huang, ; Jie Tan,
| | - Tao Huang
- *Correspondence: Tao Huang, ; Jie Tan,
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Sonowal H, Rice WG, Howell SB. Luxeptinib interferes with LYN-mediated activation of SYK and modulates BCR signaling in lymphoma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277003. [PMID: 36888611 PMCID: PMC9994718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Luxeptinib (LUX) is a novel oral kinase inhibitor that inhibits FLT3 and also interferes with signaling from the BCR and cell surface TLRs, as well as activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Ongoing clinical trials are testing its activity in patients with lymphoma and AML. This study sought to refine understanding of how LUX modulates the earliest steps downstream of the BCR following its activation by anti-IgM in lymphoma cells in comparison to ibrutinib (IB). LUX decreased anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of BTK at Y551 and Y223 but its ability to reduce phosphorylation of kinases further upstream suggests that BTK is not the primary target. LUX was more effective than IB at reducing both steady state and anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of LYN and SYK. LUX decreased phosphorylation of SYK (Y525/Y526) and BLNK (Y96) which are necessary regulators of BTK activation. Further upstream, LUX blunted the anti-IgM-induced phosphorylation of LYN (Y397) whose activation is required for phosphorylation of SYK and BLNK. These results indicate that LUX is targeting autophosphorylation of LYN or a step further upstream of LYN in the cascade of signal generated by BCR and that it does so more effectively than IB. The fact that LUX has activity at or upstream of LYN is important because LYN is an essential signaling intermediate in multiple cellular signaling processes that regulate growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immunoregulation, migration and EMT in normal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Sonowal
- Moores Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - William G. Rice
- Aptose Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen B. Howell
- Moores Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Fortner A, Chera A, Tanca A, Bucur O. Apoptosis regulation by the tyrosine-protein kinase CSK. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1078180. [PMID: 36578781 PMCID: PMC9792154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1078180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) is a cytosolic tyrosine-protein kinase with an important role in regulating critical cellular decisions, such as cellular apoptosis, survival, proliferation, cytoskeletal organization and many others. Current knowledge on the CSK mechanisms of action, regulation and functions is still at an early stage, most of CSK's known actions and functions being mediated by the negative regulation of the SRC family of tyrosine kinases (SFKs) through phosphorylation. As SFKs play a vital role in apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival regulation, SFK inhibition by CSK has a pro-apoptotic effect, which is mediated by the inhibition of cellular signaling cascades controlled by SFKs, such as the MAPK/ERK, STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Abnormal functioning of CSK and SFK activation can lead to diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurological manifestations. This review describes apoptosis regulation by CSK, CSK inhibition of the SFKs and further explores the clinical relevance of CSK in important pathologies, such as cancer, autoimmune, autoinflammatory, neurologic diseases, hypertension and HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra Fortner
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania,Medical School, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chera
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania,Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Antoanela Tanca
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania,Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,*Correspondence: Octavian Bucur, ; Antoanela Tanca,
| | - Octavian Bucur
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania,Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Octavian Bucur, ; Antoanela Tanca,
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Assessing the Role of Ancestral Fragments and Selection Signatures by Whole-Genome Scanning in Dehong Humped Cattle at the China-Myanmar Border. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091331. [PMID: 36138810 PMCID: PMC9495559 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Dehong humped cattle are precious livestock resources of Yunnan Province, China; they have typical zebu traits. Here, we investigated their genetic characteristics using whole-genome resequencing data of Dehong humped animals (n = 18). When comparing our data with the publicly-available data, we found that Dehong humped cattle have high nucleotide diversity. Based on clustering models in a population structure analysis, Dehong humped cattle had a mutual genome ancestor with Chinese and Indian indicine cattle. While using the RFMix method, it is speculated that the body sizes of Dehong humped cattle were influenced by the Chinese indicine segments and that the immune systems of Dehong humped cattle were affected by additional ancestral segments (Indian indicine). Furthermore, we explored the position selection regions harboring genes in the Dehong humped cattle, which were related to heat tolerance (FILIP1L, ABHD6) and immune responses (GZMM, PRKCZ, STOML2, LRBA, PIK3CD). Notably, missense mutations were detected in the candidate gene ABHD6 (c.870C>A p.Asp290Glu; c.987C>A p.Ser329Arg). The missense mutations may have implications for Dehong humped cattle adaptation to hot environments. This study provides valuable genomic resource data at the genome-wide level and paves the way for future genetic breeding work in the Dehong humped cattle.
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Zhou C, Liang T, Jiang J, Zhang Z, Chen J, Chen T, Chen L, Sun X, Huang S, Zhu J, Wu S, Zhan X, Liu C. Immune cell infiltration-related clinical diagnostic model for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Genet 2022; 13:949882. [PMID: 36263434 PMCID: PMC9575679 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.949882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis and diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) has remained uncertain due to several reasons, including the lack of studies on the local and systemic immune response in AS. To construct a clinical diagnostic model, this study identified the micro RNA-messenger RNA (miRNA-mRNA) interaction network and immune cell infiltration-related hub genes associated with AS. Materials and Methods: Total RNA was extracted and purified from the interspinous ligament tissue samples of three patients with AS and three patients without AS; miRNA and mRNA microarrays were constructed using the extracted RNA. Bioinformatic tools were used to construct an miRNA-mRNA network, identify hub genes, and analyze immune infiltration associated with AS. Next, we collected the blood samples and clinical characteristics of 359 patients (197 with AS and 162 without AS). On the basis of the clinical characteristics and results of the routine blood tests, we selected immune-related cells whose numbers were significantly different in patients with AS and patients without AS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to construct a nomogram. Immunohistochemistry staining analysis was utilized to verify the differentially expression of LYN in AS and controls. Results: A total of 225 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) and 406 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs) were identified from the microarray. We selected 15 DE miRNAs and 38 DE mRNAs to construct a miRNA-mRNA network. The expression of LYN, an immune-related gene, correlated with the counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Based on the independent predictive factors of sex, age, and counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and white blood cells, a nomogram was established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the nomogram, with a C-index of 0.835 and AUC of 0.855. Conclusion:LYN, an immune-related hub gene, correlated with immune cell infiltration in patients with AS. In addition, the counts of monocytes and neutrophils were the independent diagnostic factors for AS. If verified in future studies, a diagnostic model based on these findings may be used to predict AS effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinli Zhan
- *Correspondence: Xinli Zhan, ; Chong Liu,
| | - Chong Liu
- *Correspondence: Xinli Zhan, ; Chong Liu,
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25
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Li Z, Wang J, Yu Q, Shen R, Qin K, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Chi Y. Identification of Immune-Related Gene Signature in Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection. Front Genet 2022; 13:911750. [PMID: 35795203 PMCID: PMC9252449 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.911750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stanford type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a common life-threatening event in the aorta. Recently, immune disorder has been linked to the risk factors that cause ATAAD at the molecular level. However, the specific immune-related gene signature during the progression is unclear. Methods: The GSE52093 and GSE98770 datasets related to ATAAD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were acquired. The immune gene expression levels were analyzed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The correlations between gene networks and immune scores were determined by weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). The different immune subgroups were finally divided by consensus clustering. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and subsequent functional enrichment analyses were conducted. The hub genes were identified by protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and functional similarities analyses. The immune cell infiltration proportion was determined by the CIBERSORT algorithm. Results: According to the ssGSEA results, the 13 ATAAD samples from the GEO database were divided into high- and low-immune subgroups according to the ssGSEA, WGCNA, and consensus clustering analysis results. Sixty-eight immune-related DEGs (IRDEGs) between the two subgroups were enriched in inflammatory-immune response biological processes, including leukocyte cell–cell adhesion, mononuclear cell migration, and myeloid leukocyte migration. Among these IRDEGs, 8 genes (CXCR4, LYN, CCL19, CCL3L3, SELL, F11R, DPP4, and VAV3) were identified as hub genes that represented immune-related signatures in ATAAD after the PPI and functional similarities analyses. The proportions of infiltrating CD8 T cells and M1 macrophages were significantly higher in ATAAD patients in the immune-high group than the immune-low group. Conclusion: Eight immune-related genes were identified as hub genes representing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets linked to the immune response in ATAAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshui Li
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jumiao Wang
- Cardiac Surgical Care Unit Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Hematology Department, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruxin Shen
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Qin
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youjin Qiao
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifan Chi
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Chi,
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Martin Vázquez E, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Araujo Legido R, Marín-Cañas S, Nola E, Dorronsoro A, López Bermudo L, Crespo A, Romero-Zerbo SY, García-Fernández M, Martin Montalvo A, Rojas A, Comaills V, Bérmudez-Silva FJ, Gannon M, Martin F, Eizirik D, Lorenzo PI, Gauthier BR. NR5A2/LRH-1 regulates the PTGS2-PGE2-PTGER1 pathway contributing to pancreatic islet survival and function. iScience 2022; 25:104345. [PMID: 35602948 PMCID: PMC9117883 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
LRH-1/NR5A2 is implicated in islet morphogenesis postnatally, and its activation using the agonist BL001 protects islets against apoptosis, reverting hyperglycemia in mouse models of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Islet transcriptome profiling revealed that the expression of PTGS2/COX2 is increased by BL001. Herein, we sought to define the role of LRH-1 in postnatal islet morphogenesis and chart the BL001 mode of action conferring beta cell protection. LRH-1 ablation within developing beta cells impeded beta cell proliferation, correlating with mouse growth retardation, weight loss, and hypoglycemia leading to lethality. LRH-1 deletion in adult beta cells abolished the BL001 antidiabetic action, correlating with beta cell destruction and blunted Ptgs2 induction. Islet PTGS2 inactivation led to reduced PGE2 levels and loss of BL001 protection against cytokines as evidenced by increased cytochrome c release and cleaved-PARP. The PTGER1 antagonist—ONO-8130—negated BL001-mediated islet survival. Our results define the LRH-1/PTGS2/PGE2/PTGER1 signaling axis as a key pathway mediating BL001 survival properties. LRH-1 ablation during development impedes neonatal beta cell replication LRH-1 knockout in adult beta cells negates BL001-mediated antidiabetic properties Islets lacking PTGS2 are refractory to BL001-mediated protection against cytokines PTGER1 relays the BL001/LRH-1/PTGS2/PGE2 signaling axis to islet survival
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Martin Vázquez
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Raquel Araujo Legido
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín-Cañas
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emanuele Nola
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Akaitz Dorronsoro
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucia López Bermudo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Crespo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvana Y. Romero-Zerbo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria García-Fernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin Montalvo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Rojas
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Bérmudez-Silva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville USA
| | - Franz Martin
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Decio Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Petra I. Lorenzo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author
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Wei W, Ban X, Yang F, Li J, Cheng X, Zhang R, Huang X, Huang Y, Li Q, Qiu Y, Zheng M, Zhu X, Li J. Phase II trial of efficacy, safety and biomarker analysis of sintilimab plus anlotinib for patients with recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004338. [PMID: 35623659 PMCID: PMC9150151 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although co-inhibition of the angiogenesis and programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathways is proposed as an effective anticancer strategy, studies in Chinese patients with endometrial cancer are sufficient. Anlotinib is an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor affecting tumor angiogenesis and proliferation; sintilimab is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. METHODS This was a phase II trial using Simon's two-stage design. This study enrolled patients with endometrial cancer who had progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. Sintilimab 200 mg was administered intravenously on day 1 every 3 weeks, and anlotinib 12 mg was administered on days 1-14 in a 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) using the immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. Immunohistochemistry and whole-exome sequencing were used as correlative investigations. RESULTS Between November 2019 and September 2020, 23 eligible patients were enrolled. The ORR and disease control rates were 73.9% (95% CI, 51.6 to 89.8) and 91.3% (95% CI, 72.0 to 98.9), respectively, with 4 complete and 12 partial responses. With a median follow-up of 15.4 months (95% CI, 12.6 to 18.3), the median progression-free survival was not reached, and the probability of PFS >12 months was 57.1% (95% CI, 33.6 to 75.0). Exploratory analysis revealed that mutations in the homologous repair pathway showed a trend for higher ORR (100% vs 0%, p=0.07). Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were observed in 50.0% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Sintilimab plus anlotinib demonstrated robust therapeutic benefits with tolerable toxicity in endometrial cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04157491.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Ban
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaqin Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongwen Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaqia Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Qiu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jundong Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Brian BF, Sauer ML, Greene JT, Senevirathne SE, Lindstedt AJ, Funk OL, Ruis BL, Ramirez LA, Auger JL, Swanson WL, Nunez MG, Moriarity BS, Lowell CA, Binstadt BA, Freedman TS. A dominant function of LynB kinase in preventing autoimmunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj5227. [PMID: 35452291 PMCID: PMC9032976 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report that the LynB splice variant of the Src-family kinase Lyn exerts a dominant immunosuppressive function in vivo, whereas the LynA isoform is uniquely required to restrain autoimmunity in female mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to constrain lyn splicing and expression, generating single-isoform LynA knockout (LynAKO) or LynBKO mice. Autoimmune disease in total LynKO mice is characterized by production of antinuclear antibodies, glomerulonephritis, impaired B cell development, and overabundance of activated B cells and proinflammatory myeloid cells. Expression of LynA or LynB alone uncoupled the developmental phenotype from the autoimmune disease: B cell transitional populations were restored, but myeloid cells and differentiated B cells were dysregulated. These changes were isoform-specific, sexually dimorphic, and distinct from the complete LynKO. Despite the apparent differences in disease etiology and penetrance, loss of either LynA or LynB had the potential to induce severe autoimmune disease with parallels to human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben F. Brian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Monica L. Sauer
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joseph T. Greene
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - S. Erandika Senevirathne
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anders J. Lindstedt
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Olivia L. Funk
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Brian L. Ruis
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luis A. Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Auger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Whitney L. Swanson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Myra G. Nunez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Branden S. Moriarity
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Clifford A. Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bryce A. Binstadt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tanya S. Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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29
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Brian BF, Sjaastad FV, Freedman TS. SH3-domain mutations selectively disrupt Csk homodimerization or PTPN22 binding. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5875. [PMID: 35393453 PMCID: PMC8989918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinase Csk is the primary negative regulator of the Src-family kinases (SFKs, e.g., Lck, Fyn, Lyn, Hck, Fgr, Blk, Yes), phosphorylating a tyrosine on the SFK C-terminal tail that mediates autoinhibition. Csk also binds phosphatases, including PTPN12 (PTP-PEST) and immune-cell PTPN22 (LYP/Pep), which dephosphorylate the SFK activation loop to promote autoinhibition. Csk-binding proteins (e.g., CBP/PAG1) oligomerize within membrane microdomains, and high local concentration promotes Csk function. Purified Csk homodimerizes in solution through an interface that overlaps the phosphatase binding footprint. Here we demonstrate that Csk can homodimerize in Jurkat T cells, in competition with PTPN22 binding. We designed SH3-domain mutations in Csk that selectively impair homodimerization (H21I) or PTPN22 binding (K43D) and verified their kinase activity in solution. Disruption of either interaction in cells, however, decreased the negative-regulatory function of Csk. Csk W47A, a substitution previously reported to block PTPN22 binding, had a secondary effect of impairing homodimerization. Csk H21I and K43D will be useful tools for dissecting the protein-specific drivers of autoimmunity mediated by the human polymorphism PTPN22 R620W, which impairs interaction with Csk and with the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF3. Future investigations of Csk homodimer activity and phosphatase interactions may reveal new facets of SFK regulation in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben F Brian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94170, USA
| | - Frances V Sjaastad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Cardiac Rhythm Management, Medtronic, Mounds View, MN, 55112, USA
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Liu X, Jiang B, Hao H, Liu Z. CARD9 Signaling, Inflammation, and Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880879. [PMID: 35432375 PMCID: PMC9005907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-recruitment domain 9 (CARD9) protein is expressed in many cells especially in immune cells, and is critically involved in the function of the innate and adaptive immune systems through extensive interactions between CARD9 and other signaling molecules including NF-κB and MAPK. CARD9-mediated signaling plays a central role in regulating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress through the productions of important cytokines and chemokines. Abnormalities of CARD9 and CARD9 signaling or CARD9 mutations or polymorphism are associated with a variety of pathological conditions including infections, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. This review focuses on the function of CARD9 and CARD9-mediated signaling pathways, as well as interactions with other important signaling molecules in different cell types and the relations to specific disease conditions including inflammatory diseases, infections, tumorigenesis, and cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyou Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Getahun A. Role of inhibitory signaling in peripheral B cell tolerance*. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:27-42. [PMID: 35128676 PMCID: PMC8986582 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At least 20% of B cells in the periphery expresses an antigen receptor with a degree of self-reactivity. If activated, these autoreactive B cells pose a risk as they can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. To prevent their activation, both B cell-intrinsic and extrinsic tolerance mechanisms are in place in healthy individuals. In this review article, I will focus on B cell-intrinsic mechanisms that prevent the activation of autoreactive B cells in the periphery. I will discuss how inhibitory signaling circuits are established in autoreactive B cells, focusing on the Lyn-SHIP-1-SHP-1 axis, how they contribute to peripheral immune tolerance, and how disruptions of these circuits can contribute to the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Getahun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado SOM Aurora Colorado USA
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA
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Huang J, Zhou Q. CD8+T Cell-Related Gene Biomarkers in Macular Edema of Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:907396. [PMID: 35937822 PMCID: PMC9355330 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.907396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+T lymphocytes have a strong pro-inflammatory effect in all parts of the tissue, and some studies have demonstrated that its concentration in the vitreous increased significantly, suggesting that CD8+T cells play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the infiltration of CD8+T cells in the DR retina, especially in diabetic macular edema (DME), and its related genes are still unclear. METHODS Download the GSE16036 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The ImmuCellAI program was performed to evaluate the abundance of 24 immune cells including CD8+T cells. The CD8+T cell-related genes (DECD8+TRGs) between non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and DME were detected via difference analysis and correlation analysis. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network mapping were implemented to explore the potential function of DECD8+TRGs. Lasso regression, support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), CytoHubba plug-in and MCODE plug-in in Cytoscape software, and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were performed to comprehensively analyze and obtain Hub DECD8+TRGs. Hub DECD8+TRGs expression patterns were further validated in other two DR-related independent datasets. The CD8+TRG score was defined as the genetic characterization of Hub DECD8+TRGs using the GSVA sample scoring method, which can be administered to distinguish early and advanced diabetic nephropathy (DN) as well as normal and DN. Finally, the transcription level of DECD8+TRGs in DR model mouse were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS A total of 371 DECD8+TRGs were identified, of which 294 genes were positively correlated and only 77 genes were negatively correlated. Eight genes (IKZF1, PTPRC, ITGB2, ITGAX, TLR7, LYN, CD74, SPI1) were recognized as Hub DECD8+TRGs. DR and DN, which have strong clinical correlation, have been proved to be associated with CD8+T cell-related hub genes by multiple independent data sets. Hub DECD8+TRGs can not only distinguish PDR from normal and DN from normal, but also play a role in the early and progressive stages of the two diseases (NPDR vs DME, Early DN vs Advanced DN). The qPCR transcription level and trend of Hub DECD8+TRGs in DR mouse model was basically the same as that in human transcriptome. CONCLUSION This study not only increases our understanding of the molecular mechanism of CD8+T cells in the progression of DME, but also expands people's cognitive vision of the molecular mechanism of crosstalk of CD8+T cells in the eyes and kidneys of patients with diabetes.
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Greene JT, Brian BF, Senevirathne SE, Freedman TS. Regulation of myeloid-cell activation. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 73:34-42. [PMID: 34601225 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells (macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and granulocytes) survey the body for signs of infection and damage and regulate tissue homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. They express receptors that initiate the inflammatory response, send signals that alter the vascular and cytokine milieu, and oversee the recruitment, differentiation, and activation of other myeloid and adaptive immune cells. Their activation must therefore be tightly regulated, optimized for maximal innate-immune protection with a minimum of collateral tissue damage or disorganization. In this review we discuss what it means for myeloid cells to become activated, with emphasis on the receptors and signaling molecules important for the recognition of pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns. We also outline how these signals are regulated by the steric properties of proteins, by adhesive and cytoskeletal interactions, and by negative feedback to keep inflammation in check and support healthy tissue development and homeostasis. Throughout the text we highlight recent publications and reviews and direct readers therein for a comprehensive bibliography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Greene
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Ben F Brian
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - S Erandika Senevirathne
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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