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Prinzi A, van Velsen EFS, Belfiore A, Frasca F, Malandrino P. Brain Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management. Thyroid 2024. [PMID: 39163020 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2024.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Brain metastases (BM) are the most common intracranial neoplasms in adults and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The brain is an unusual site for distant metastases of thyroid cancer; indeed, the most common sites are lungs and bones. In this narrative review, we discuss about the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment options for patients with BM from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Summary: BM can be discovered before initial therapy due to symptoms, but in most patients, BM is diagnosed during follow-up because of imaging performed before starting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) or due to the onset of neurological symptoms. Older male patients with follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC), and distant metastases may have an increased risk of developing BM. The gold standard for detection of BM is magnetic resonance imaging with contrast agent administration, which is superior to contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The treatment strategies for patients with BM from DTC remain controversial. Patients with poor performance status are candidates for palliative and supportive care. Neurosurgery is usually reserved for cases where symptoms persist despite medical treatment, especially in patients with favorable prognostic factors and larger lesions. It should also be considered for patients with a single BM in a surgically accessible location, particularly if the primary disease is controlled without other systemic metastases. Additionally, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) may be the preferred option for treating small lesions, especially those in inaccessible areas of the brain or when surgery is not advisable. Whole brain radiotherapy is less frequently used in treating these patients due to its potential side effects and the debated effectiveness. Therefore, it is typically reserved for cases involving multiple BM that are too large for SRS. TKIs are effective in patients with progressive radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer and multiple metastases. Conclusions: Although routine screening for BM is not recommended, older male patients with FTC or PDTC and distant metastases may be at higher risk and should be carefully evaluated for BM. According to current data, patients who are suitable for neurosurgery seem to have the highest survival benefit, while SRS may be appropriate for selected patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Prinzi
- Endocrinology Unit, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Evert F S van Velsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Bone Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology Unit, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Endocrinology Unit, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Pasqualino Malandrino
- Endocrinology Unit, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
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Xiang H, Shen B, Zhang C, Li R. Bioactive Nanoliposomes for Enhanced Sonodynamic-Triggered Disulfidptosis-Like Cancer Cell Death via Lipid Peroxidation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8929-8947. [PMID: 39246429 PMCID: PMC11379027 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s464178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell death regulation holds a unique value in the field of cancer therapy. Recently, disulfidptosis has garnered substantial scientific attention. Previous studies have reported that sonodynamic therapy (SDT) based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) can regulate cancer cell death, achieving an limited anti-cancer effect. However, the integration of SDT with disulfidptosis as an anti-cancer strategy has not been extensively developed. In this study, we constructed an artificial membrane disulfidptosis sonosensitizer, specifically, a nanoliposome (SC@lip) coated with a combination of the chemotherapy medicine Sorafenib (Sora) and sonosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6), to realize a one-stop enhanced SDT effect that induces disulfidptosis-like cancer cell death. Methods Sorafenib and Ce6 were co-encapsulated into PEG-modified liposomes, and SC@Lip was constructed using a simple rotary evaporation phacoemulsification method. The cell phagocytosis, ROS generation ability, glutathione (GSH) depletion ability, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and disulfidptosis-like death mediated by SC@Lip under ultrasound (US) irradiation were evaluated. Based on a 4T1 subcutaneous tumor model, both the in vivo biological safety assessment and the efficacy of SDT were assessed. Results SC@Lip exhibits high efficiency in cellular phagocytosis. After being endocytosed by 4T1 cells, abundant ROS were produced under SDT activation, and the cell survival rates were below 5%. When applied to a 4T1 subcutaneous tumor model, the enhanced SDT mediated by SC@Lip inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of mice. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that SC@Lip can enhance the SDT effect and trigger disulfidptosis-like cancer cell death, thus achieving anti-tumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion SC@Lip is a multifunctional nanoplatform with an artificial membrane, which can integrate the functions of sonosensitization and GSH depletion into a biocompatible nanoplatform, and can be used to enhance the SDT effect and promote disulfidptosis-like cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Okubo Y, Toda S, Kadoya M, Sato S, Yoshioka E, Hasegawa C, Ono K, Washimi K, Yokose T, Miyagi Y, Masudo K, Iwasaki H, Hayashi H. Clinicopathological analysis of thyroid carcinomas with the RET and NTRK fusion genes: characterization for genetic analysis. Virchows Arch 2024; 485:509-518. [PMID: 38472412 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-024-03777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas exhibit various genetic alterations, including the RET and NTRK fusion genes that are targets for molecular therapies. Thus, detecting fusion genes is crucial for devising effective treatment plans. This study characterized the pathological findings associated with these genes to identify the specimens suitable for genetic analysis. Thyroid carcinoma cases positive for the fusion genes were analyzed using the Oncomine Dx Target Test. Clinicopathological data were collected and assessed. Among the 74 patients tested, 8 had RET and 1 had NTRK3 fusion gene. Specifically, of the RET fusion gene cases, 6 exhibited "BRAF-like" atypia and 2 showed "RAS-like" atypia, while the single case with an NTRK3 fusion gene presented "RAS-like" atypia. Apart from one poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, most cases involved papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Primary tumors showed varied structural patterns and exhibited a high proportion of non-papillary structures. Dysmorphic clear cells were frequently observed. BRAF V600E immunoreactivity was negative in all cases. Interestingly, some cases exhibited similarities to diffuse sclerosing variant of PTC characteristics. While calcification in lymph node metastases was mild, primary tumors typically required hydrochloric acid-based decalcification for tissue preparation. This study highlights the benefits of combining morphological and immunohistochemical analyses for gene detection and posits that lymph node metastases are more suitable for genetic analysis owing to their mild calcification. Our results emphasize the importance of accurate sample processing in diagnosing and treating thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Okubo
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
| | - Soji Toda
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Mei Kadoya
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Shinya Sato
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2Asahi-Ku, NakaoYokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Emi Yoshioka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Chie Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ono
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Kota Washimi
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2Asahi-Ku, NakaoYokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Masudo
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwasaki
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, 1-1 Mitsuzawanishimachi, Kanagawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0855, Japan
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Xu T, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Song F, Huang P. Ophiopogonin D' inhibited tumour growth and metastasis of anaplastic thyroid cancer by modulating JUN/RGS4 signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70014. [PMID: 39153211 PMCID: PMC11330285 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), an aggressive malignancy with virtually 100% disease-specific mortality, has long posed a formidable challenge in oncology due to its resistance to conventional treatments and the severe side effects associated with current regimens such as doxorubicin chemotherapy. Consequently, there was urgent need to identify novel candidate compounds that could provide innovative therapeutic strategies for ATC. Ophiopogonin D' (OPD'), a triterpenoid saponin extracted, yet its roles in ATC has not been reported. Our data demonstrated that OPD' potently inhibited proliferation and metastasis of ATC cells, promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Remarkably, OPD' impeded growth and metastasis of ATC in vitro and in vivo, displaying an encouraging safety profile. Regulator of G-protein signalling 4 (RGS4) expression was significantly up-regulated in ATC compared to normal tissues, and this upregulation was suppressed by OPD' treatment. Mechanistically, we elucidated that the transcription factor JUN bound to the RGS4 promoter, driving its transactivation. However, OPD' interacted with JUN, attenuating its transcriptional activity and thereby disrupting RGS4 overexpression. In summary, our research revealed that OPD' bound with JUN, which in turn resulted in the suppression of transcriptional activation of RGS4, thereby eliciting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ATC cells. These findings could offer promise in the development of high-quality candidate compounds for treatment in ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Feifeng Song
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
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5
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Zhang GQ, Xi C, Ju NT, Shen CT, Qiu ZL, Song HJ, Luo QY. Targeting glutamine metabolism exhibits anti-tumor effects in thyroid cancer. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1953-1969. [PMID: 38386265 PMCID: PMC11266413 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective treatment for patients with advanced thyroid cancer is lacking. Metabolism reprogramming is required for cancer to undergo oncogenic transformation and rapid tumorigenic growth. Glutamine is frequently used by cancer cells for active bioenergetic and biosynthetic needs. This study aims to investigate whether targeting glutamine metabolism is a promising therapeutic strategy for thyroid cancer. METHODS The expression of glutaminase (GLS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in thyroid cancer tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and glutamine metabolism-related genes were assessed using real time-qPCR and western blotting. The effects of glutamine metabolism inhibitor 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) on thyroid cancer cells were determined by CCK-8, clone formation assay, Edu incorporation assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. The mechanistic study was performed by real time-qPCR, western blotting, Seahorse assay, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer assay. The effect of DON prodrug (JHU-083) on thyroid cancer in vivo was assessed using xenograft tumor models in BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS GLS and GDH were over-expressed in thyroid cancer tissues, and GLS expression was positively associated with lymph-node metastasis and TNM stage. The growth of thyroid cancer cells was significantly inhibited when cultured in glutamine-free medium. Targeting glutamine metabolism with DON inhibited the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells. DON treatment did not promote apoptosis, but increased the proportion of cells in the S phase, accompanied by the decreased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and cyclin A. DON treatment also significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells by reducing the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Non-essential amino acids, including proline, alanine, aspartate, asparagine, and glycine, were reduced in thyroid cancer cells treated with DON, which could explain the decrease of proteins involved in migration, invasion, and cell cycle. The efficacy and safety of DON prodrug (JHU-083) for thyroid cancer treatment were verified in a mouse model. In addition to suppressing the proliferation and metastasis potential of thyroid cancer in vivo, enhanced innate immune response was also observed in JHU-083-treated xenograft tumors as a result of decreased expression of cluster of differentiation 47 and programmed cell death ligand 1. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid cancer exhibited enhanced glutamine metabolism, as evidenced by the glutamine dependence of thyroid cancer cells and high expression of multiple glutamine metabolism-related genes. Targeting glutamine metabolism with DON prodrug could be a promising therapeutic option for advanced thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-Q Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - C Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - N-T Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - C-T Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-L Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - H-J Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Q-Y Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Hamidi S, Mahvash A, Hu MI. Paraneoplastic Diarrhea From Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Resolved With Yttrium-90 Radioembolization of Liver Metastases. JCEM CASE REPORTS 2024; 2:luae103. [PMID: 39076377 PMCID: PMC11285419 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luae103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) can often have an indolent course despite distant metastatic disease. Additionally, given that metastatic MTC is incurable and systemic therapies have non-negligeable toxicities, localized treatments are often favored in presence of oligo-progressive disease. Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 (Y90) has emerged as a safe and efficacious treatment for nonresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors, yet data supporting its use in metastatic MTC are limited. We present the case of a patient with hereditary MTC and large bilobar liver metastases who demonstrated tumor response and resolution of their paraneoplastic diarrhea following TARE with Y90 microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hamidi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Armeen Mahvash
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mimi I Hu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Qian K, Wang Y, An N, Liu C, Guo K, Yang L, Wang J, Li X, Wang Z. Effect and Safety of Apatinib as Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Phase 2 Trial. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae132. [PMID: 39071474 PMCID: PMC11273224 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Presently, there is a paucity of prospective clinical trials investigating neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced thyroid cancer. Objective This study was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of apatinib as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with local advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Methods Patients were treated with preoperative apatinib over a course of 2 to 4 cycles, culminating in surgical resection. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR); the secondary endpoints were the rate of R0 surgery, alterations in serum thyroglobulin levels, disease-free survival, and adverse events (AEs). Results A total of 14 patients who met the inclusion criteria were administered neoadjuvant apatinib. Among these, 13 patients underwent surgical procedures following apatinib treatment and were enrolled in the ITT population. The ORR was 53.8% and the DCR was 100%. Of the patients, 84.6% received R0 surgery, while the remaining 15.4% underwent R1 resection. Predominant among the observed AEs were hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, hepatic dysfunction, proteinuria, and hypothyroidism, with no instances of grade 4 or 5 AEs reported. Subsequent to surgery, patients were followed up for a median period of 34 months, during which disease progression occurred in 5 individuals (35.7%), encompassing 3 cases of locoregional recurrences and 2 cases of distant metastases. Conclusion Apatinib may be an effective agent in the use of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced DTC. Patients may therefore benefit from surgical outcomes and their long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qian
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yunjun Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning An
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Chunhao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Lingyi Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200001, China
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Fawzy MS, Alenezi AA, Abu AlSel BT, Toraih EA. Long-term survival outcomes of systemic therapy in patients with isolated and mixed medullary thyroid cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33654. [PMID: 39040258 PMCID: PMC11260957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an uncommon thyroid cancer with limited treatment options for advanced disease. A small subset exhibits mixed MTC histology with both medullary and well-differentiated components. We investigated survival outcomes with systemic therapy in isolated versus mixed MTC using a large population-based cohort. Methods Patients diagnosed with MTC from 2000 to 2019 were identified in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The overall and thyroid cancer-specific survivals were compared between isolated (n = 1814) and mixed (n = 113) MTC cohorts. The impact of postoperative systemic therapy on survival was analyzed. Results No significant difference in 10-year overall survival was observed between isolated (77.4 %) and mixed (75.2 %) MTC in a cohort of 1927 patients. Median overall survival was similar between isolated (136.9 months) and mixed MTC (129.0 months), p = 0.81. While systemic therapy improved 10-year survival in isolated MTC (83.2 % vs. 76.9 %, p < 0.001), no benefit was seen in mixed MTC (76.4 % vs. 74.2 %, p = 0.82). Multivariate analysis confirmed survival gains with systemic therapy for isolated (HR = 0.763, 95%CI = 0.590-0.987, p = 0.040) but not mixed MTC (HR = 0.909, 95%CI = 0.268-3.079, p = 0.88). Conclusions In this large population-based study, no significant survival difference was observed between isolated and mixed MTC. Systemic therapy was associated with improved survival in isolated MTC, but not in the mixed subtype. These findings suggest a differential treatment response that warrants further investigation in prospective studies and may inform histology-tailored management strategies for mixed MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Medical Research and Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Ali Alenezi
- University Health Center, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baraah T. Abu AlSel
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Wu JJ, Chen SH, Lee CH, Li YZ, Hsu YW, Hsieh MY, Lee YR. Flavopereirine exerts anti-cancer activities in various human thyroid cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:3317-3334. [PMID: 39113866 PMCID: PMC11301305 DOI: 10.62347/minx1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) stands out as the most prevalent endocrine malignancy globally, with a steadily increasing incidence. Its clinical manifestations include enlarged thyroid nodules, dysphagia, enophthalmos, and various other symptoms. While standard treatments such as thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy effectively manage most cases of differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC), some recurrent cases of DTC or those involving poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTC) require specialized interventions. However, existing drugs primarily address symptom management without offering a curative solution. Therefore, the development of a new therapeutic agent for these challenging cases is of utmost importance. Flavopereirine, derived from Geissospermum vellosii, has demonstrated promise as a potential anti-cancer agent across various human cancers. However, its specific anti-cancer effects on human thyroid cancer (TC) have remained unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the anti-cancer activity of flavopereirine in human TC. The research findings revealed that flavopereirine effectively hinders the growth of human TC cells, induces cell cycle arrest, promotes apoptosis, and modulates autophagy. Moreover, the study delved into the underlying mechanisms by which flavopereirine influenced signaling pathways. To validate these anti-cancer effects, an in vivo zebrafish model was utilized, confirming the efficacy of flavopereirine against human TC cells. In summary, this study establishes that flavopereirine exhibits notable anti-human TC activities, positioning it as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of human thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ju Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian HospitalChiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian HospitalChiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zhen Li
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian HospitalChiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian HospitalChiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Master of Science Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Research, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Brandenburg T, Kroiß M. [Thyroid carcinomas: the role of systemic therapies in internal medicine]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 65:642-655. [PMID: 38900279 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-024-01728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma is well studied and of importance for the treatment of advanced stages. Differentiated, poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas originate in the follicular cells, while medullary carcinomas derive from the C‑cells. The prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma is generally very favourable after surgery and radioiodine therapy. Where tumours progress and lose the ability to enrich iodine, curative treatment is usually not possible. A strategy of watchful waiting is often appropriate. Activating mutations in BRAF or gene fusions of RET and NTRK provide opportunities for targeted therapies. These may be applied with the aim of restoring iodine uptake (redifferentiation). In the absence of molecular therapy targets, multityrosine kinase inhibitors (MKI) are the therapy of choice. If anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is suspected, rapid diagnostic workup including molecular pathology is warranted. Surgery where possible and radiochemotherapy are essential components of therapy. In the presence of a BRAF mutation, inhibition of BRAF and MEK is effective, even if it is not approved in Germany. Where molecular targets are lacking, combination therapy with the MKI lenvatinib and immune checkpoint inhibition is highly effective. Mutations in RET are present in the vast majority of cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma. In aggressive advanced disease, selective RET inhibition has recently been approved as first-line therapy and often leads to an objective response and long-lasting disease stabilisation. In summary, thyroid carcinomas are among the tumour entities for which molecularly targeted therapies can be used most frequently. The involvement of specialised centres is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Brandenburg
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
- Endokrines Tumorzentrum am Westdeutschen Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Member of Endo-ERN and EURACAN, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Deutschland.
| | - Matthias Kroiß
- Medizinische Klinik IV, Universitätsklinikum, Member of Endo-ERN and EURACAN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Ziemssenstr. 5, 80336, München, Deutschland.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, München, Deutschland.
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11
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Zhang R, Hu L, Cheng Y, Chang L, Dong L, Han L, Yu W, Zhang R, Liu P, Wei X, Yu J. Targeted sequencing of DNA/RNA combined with radiomics predicts lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Imaging 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38886866 PMCID: PMC11181663 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to find a better way to identify a group of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with more aggressive behaviors and to provide a prediction model for lymph node metastasis to assist in clinic practice. METHODS Targeted sequencing of DNA/RNA was used to detect genetic alterations. Gene expression level was measured by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting or immunohistochemistry. CCK8, transwell assay and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of concomitant gene alterations in PTC. LASSO-logistics regression algorithm was used to construct a nomogram model integrating radiomic features, mutated genes and clinical characteristics. RESULTS 172 high-risk variants and 7 fusion types were detected. The mutation frequencies in BRAF, TERT, RET, ATM and GGT1 were significantly higher in cancer tissues than benign nodules. Gene fusions were detected in 16 samples (2 at the DNA level and 14 at the RNA level). ATM mutation (ATMMUT) was frequently accompanied by BRAFMUT, TERTMUT or gene fusions. ATMMUT alone or ATM co-mutations were significantly positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Accordingly, ATM knock-down PTC cells bearing BRAFV600E, KRASG12R or CCDC6-RET had higher proliferative ability and more aggressive potency than cells without ATM knock-down in vitro. Furthermore, combining gene alterations and clinical features significantly improved the predictive efficacy for lymph node metastasis of radiomic features, from 71.5 to 87.0%. CONCLUSIONS Targeted sequencing of comprehensive genetic alterations in PTC has high prognostic value. These alterations, in combination with clinical and radiomic features, may aid in predicting invasive PTC with higher accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjiao Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Linfei Hu
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Cheng
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Luchen Chang
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Dong
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Han
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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12
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Matsuda A, Masuzawa R, Takahashi K, Takano K, Endo T. MEK inhibitors and DA-Raf, a dominant-negative antagonist of the Ras-ERK pathway, prevent the migration and invasion of KRAS-mutant cancer cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38872577 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The Ras-induced ERK pathway (Raf-MEK-ERK signaling cascade) regulates a variety of cellular responses including cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Activating mutations in RAS genes, particularly in the KRAS gene, constitutively activate the ERK pathway, resulting in tumorigenesis, cancer cell invasion, and metastasis. DA-Raf1 (DA-Raf) is a splicing isoform of A-Raf and contains the Ras-binding domain but lacks the kinase domain. Consequently, DA-Raf antagonizes the Ras-ERK pathway in a dominant-negative manner and can serve as a tumor suppressor that targets mutant Ras protein-induced tumorigenesis. We show here that MEK inhibitors and DA-Raf interfere with the in vitro collective cell migration and invasion of human KRAS-mutant carcinoma cell lines, the lung adenocarcinoma A549, colorectal carcinoma HCT116, and pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells. DA-Raf expression was silenced in these cancer cell lines. All these cell lines had high collective migration abilities and invasion properties in Matrigel, compared with nontumor cells. Their migration and invasion abilities were impaired by suppressing the ERK pathway with the MEK inhibitors U0126 and trametinib, an approved anticancer drug. Expression of DA-Raf in MIA PaCa-2 cells reduced the ERK activity and hindered the migration and invasion abilities. Therefore, DA-Raf may function as an invasion suppressor protein in the KRAS-mutant cancer cells by blocking the Ras-ERK pathway when DA-Raf expression is induced in invasive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Matsuda
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Masuzawa
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takahashi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Takano
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
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13
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Wang Y, Li Q, Yang X, Guo H, Ren T, Zhang T, Ghadakpour P, Ren F. Exosome-Mediated Communication in Thyroid Cancer: Implications for Prognosis and Therapeutic Targets. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10833-2. [PMID: 38839646 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is one of the most common malignancies of the endocrine system. Exosomes have significant value in performing molecular treatments, evaluating the diagnosis and determining tumor prognosis. Thus, the identification of exosome-related genes could be valuable for the diagnosis and potential treatment of THCA. In this study, we examined a set of exosome-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (BIRC5, POSTN, TGFBR1, DUSP1, BID, and FGFR2) by taking the intersection between the DEGs of the TCGA-THCA and GeneCards datasets. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the exosome-related DEGs indicated that these genes were involved in certain biological functions and pathways. Protein‒protein interaction (PPI), mRNA‒miRNA, and mRNA-TF interaction networks were constructed using the 6 exosome-related DEGs as hub genes. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between the 6 exosome-related DEGs and immune infiltration. The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the CellMiner database were used to elucidate the relationship between the exosome-related DEGs and drug sensitivity. In addition, we verified that both POSTN and BID were upregulated in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients and that their expression was correlated with cancer progression. The POSTN and BID protein expression levels were further examined in THCA cell lines. These findings provide insights into exosome-related clinical trials and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Molecular Morphology Laboratory, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Human Ethnic Specificity and Phenomics of Critical Illness in Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaoning, Fuxin Central Hospital, Fuxin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Molecular Morphology Laboratory, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Guo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Ren
- Emergency Medical Center, Liaoning, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianchi Zhang
- Department of Computer and Information Technology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Fu Ren
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Ethnic Specificity and Phenomics of Critical Illness in Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Colombo C, Ceruti D, Succi M, De Leo S, Trevisan M, Moneta C, Fugazzola L. Impact of systemic treatments for advanced thyroid cancer on the adrenal cortex. Eur Thyroid J 2024; 13:e230246. [PMID: 38642580 PMCID: PMC11103760 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fatigue is a frequent adverse event during systemic treatments for advanced thyroid cancer, often leading to reduction, interruption, or discontinuation. We were the first group to demonstrate a correlation between fatigue and primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). Aim The objective was to assess the entire adrenal function in patients on systemic treatments. Methods ACTH, cortisol and all the hormones produced by the adrenal gland were evaluated monthly in 36 patients (25 on lenvatinib, six on vandetanib, and five on selpercatinib). ACTH stimulation tests were performed in 26 cases. Results After a median treatment period of 7 months, we observed an increase in ACTH values in 80-100% of patients and an impaired cortisol response to the ACTH test in 19% of cases. Additionally, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, ∆-4-androstenedione and 17-OH progesterone levels were below the median of normal values in the majority of patients regardless of the drug used. Testosterone in females and oestradiol in males were below the median of normal values in the majority of patients on lenvatinib and vandetanib. Finally, aldosterone was below the median of the normal values in most cases, whilst renin levels were normal. Metanephrines and normetanephrines were always within the normal range. Replacement therapy with cortisone acetate improved fatigue in 14/17 (82%) patients with PAI. Conclusion Our data confirm that systemic treatments for advanced thyroid cancer can lead to impaired cortisol secretion. A reduction in the other hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex has been first reported and should be considered in the more appropriate management of these fragile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Colombo
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Ceruti
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Succi
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone De Leo
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Trevisan
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Moneta
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Turner N, Hamidi S, Ouni R, Rico R, Henderson YC, Puche M, Alekseev S, Colunga-Minutti JG, Zafereo ME, Lai SY, Kim ST, Cabanillas ME, Nurieva R. Emerging therapeutic options for follicular-derived thyroid cancer in the era of immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369780. [PMID: 38868771 PMCID: PMC11167082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although most follicular-derived thyroid cancers are well differentiated and have an overall excellent prognosis following treatment with surgery and radioiodine, management of advanced thyroid cancers, including iodine refractory disease and poorly differentiated/undifferentiated subtypes, is more challenging. Over the past decade, better understanding of the genetic drivers and immune milieu of advanced thyroid cancers has led to significant progress in the management of these patients. Numerous targeted kinase inhibitors are now approved by the U.S Food and Drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced, radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) as well as anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Immunotherapy has also been thoroughly studied and has shown promise in selected cases. In this review, we summarize the progress in the understanding of the genetic landscape and the cellular and molecular basis of radioiodine refractory-DTC and ATC, as well as discuss the current treatment options and future therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimah Turner
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sarah Hamidi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rim Ouni
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rene Rico
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ying C. Henderson
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Puche
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Engineering, Houston Christian University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sayan Alekseev
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program of Biology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jocelynn G. Colunga-Minutti
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mark E. Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen Y. Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sang T. Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Maria E. Cabanillas
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roza Nurieva
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Sui F, Wang G, Liu J, Yuan M, Chen P, Yao Y, Zhang S, Ji M, Hou P. Targeting NG2 relieves the resistance of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to BRAF inhibitors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:238. [PMID: 38795180 PMCID: PMC11127897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
BRAFV600E represents a constitutively active onco-kinase and stands as the most prevalent genetic alteration in thyroid cancer. However, the clinical efficacy of small-molecule inhibitors targeting BRAFV600E is often limited by acquired resistance. Here, we find that nerve/glial antigen 2 (NG2), also known as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), is up-regulated in thyroid cancers, and its expression is increased with tumor progression in a BRAFV600E-driven thyroid cancer mouse model. Functional studies show that NG2 knockout almost does not affect tumor growth, but significantly improves the response of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to BRAF inhibitor PLX4720. Mechanistically, the blockade of ERK-dependent feedback by BRAF inhibitor can activate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, causing the resistance to this inhibitor. NG2 knockout attenuates the PLX4720-mediated feedback activation of several RTKs, improving the sensitivity of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to this inhibitor. Based on this finding, we propose and demonstrate an alternative strategy for targeting NG2 to effectively treat BRAF-mutant thyroid cancers by combining multiple kinase inhibitor (MKI) Sorafenib or Lenvatinib with PLX4720. Thus, this study uncovers a new mechanism in which NG2 contributes to the resistance of BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to BRAF inhibitor, and provides a promising therapeutic option for BRAF-mutant thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guanjie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China.
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China.
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17
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Zhang R, Yu Y, Yang Y, Zhang M, Zhang X, Chang Y, Wang S, Hu L, Li J, Zheng X, Zhao R, Guo Y, Ni X. Therapeutic targeting of TNIK in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a novel approach for tumor growth suppression. Med Oncol 2024; 41:160. [PMID: 38763968 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine malignancy. The pathology of PTC is far from clear. As a kinase that can be targeted, the role of TNIK in PTC has not been investigated. This study was focused on the effects and molecular mechanisms of TNIK in PTC. Both public datasets and clinical specimens were used to verify TNIK expression. The effects of TNIK were investigated in both cell lines and mice models. Transcriptome analysis was used to explore the underlying mechanism of TNIK. Immunofluorescence, wound healing, and qRT-PCR assays were used to validate the mechanism of TNIK in PTC. The therapeutic effects of TNIK inhibitor NCB-0846 were evaluated by flow cytometry, western blot, and subcutaneous xenografts mice. TNIK expression was upregulated in PTC tissues. TNIK knockdown could suppress cell proliferation and tumor growth in no matter cell models or nude mice. The transcriptome analysis, GO enrichment analysis, and GSEA analysis results indicated TNIK was highly correlated with cytoskeleton, cell motility, and Wnt pathways. The mechanistic studies demonstrated that TNIK regulated cytoskeleton remodeling and promoted cell migration. NCB-0846 significantly inhibited TNIK kinase activity, induced cell apoptosis, and activated apoptosis-related proteins in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, NCB-0846 inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, we proposed a novel regulatory mechanism in which TNIK-mediated cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration to regulate tumor progression in PTC. TNIK is a therapeutic target in PTC and NCB-0846 would act as a novel targeted drug for PTC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Biobank for Clinical Data and Samples in Pediatrics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yeran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, 100045, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfei Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China.
- Biobank for Clinical Data and Samples in Pediatrics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China.
- Biobank for Clinical Data and Samples in Pediatrics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, 100045, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, 100045, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Rodrigues JS, Chenlo M, Bravo SB, Perez-Romero S, Suarez-Fariña M, Sobrino T, Sanz-Pamplona R, González-Prieto R, Blanco Freire MN, Nogueiras R, López M, Fugazzola L, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Alvarez CV. dsRNAi-mediated silencing of PIAS2beta specifically kills anaplastic carcinomas by mitotic catastrophe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3736. [PMID: 38744818 PMCID: PMC11094195 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The E3 SUMO ligase PIAS2 is expressed at high levels in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinomas but at low levels in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATC), an undifferentiated cancer with high mortality. We show here that depletion of the PIAS2 beta isoform with a transcribed double-stranded RNA-directed RNA interference (PIAS2b-dsRNAi) specifically inhibits growth of ATC cell lines and patient primary cultures in vitro and of orthotopic patient-derived xenografts (oPDX) in vivo. Critically, PIAS2b-dsRNAi does not affect growth of normal or non-anaplastic thyroid tumor cultures (differentiated carcinoma, benign lesions) or cell lines. PIAS2b-dsRNAi also has an anti-cancer effect on other anaplastic human cancers (pancreas, lung, and gastric). Mechanistically, PIAS2b is required for proper mitotic spindle and centrosome assembly, and it is a dosage-sensitive protein in ATC. PIAS2b depletion promotes mitotic catastrophe at prophase. High-throughput proteomics reveals the proteasome (PSMC5) and spindle cytoskeleton (TUBB3) to be direct targets of PIAS2b SUMOylation at mitotic initiation. These results identify PIAS2b-dsRNAi as a promising therapy for ATC and other aggressive anaplastic carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Rodrigues
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Chenlo
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Department of Proteomics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sihara Perez-Romero
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Suarez-Fariña
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomas Sobrino
- Department of NeuroAging Group - Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISA), ARAID Foundation, Aragon Government and CIBERESP, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Román González-Prieto
- Cell Dynamics and Signaling Department, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Narciso Blanco Freire
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Molecular Metabolism, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS); Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Clara V Alvarez
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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19
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Zeng X, Xue L, Li W, Zhao P, Chen W, Wang W, Shen J. Vandetanib as a prospective anti-inflammatory and anti-contractile agent in asthma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1345070. [PMID: 38799165 PMCID: PMC11116788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1345070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Vandetanib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It exerts its therapeutic effects primarily in a range of lung cancers by inhibiting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. However, it remains unclear whether vandetanib has therapeutic benefits in other lung diseases, particularly asthma. The present study investigated the pioneering use of vandetanib in the treatment of asthma. Methods: In vivo experiments including establishment of an asthma model, measurement of airway resistance measurement and histological analysis were used primarily to confirm the anticontractile and anti-inflammatory effects of vandetanib, while in vitro experiments, including measurement of muscle tension and whole-cell patch-clamp recording, were used to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Results: In vivo experiments in an asthmatic mouse model showed that vandetanib could significantly alleviate systemic inflammation and a range of airway pathological changes including hypersensitivity, hypersecretion and remodeling. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that vandetanib was able to relax the precontracted rings of the mouse trachea via calcium mobilization which was regulated by specific ion channels including VDLCC, NSCC, NCX and K+ channels. Conclusions: Taken together, our study demonstrated that vandetanib has both anticontractile and anti-inflammatory properties in the treatment of asthma, which also suggests the feasibility of using vandetanib in the treatment of asthma by reducing abnormal airway contraction and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jinhua Shen
- Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Kamata Y, Kato R, Tominaga M, Toyama S, Komiya E, Utsumi J, Kaneko T, Suga Y, Takamori K. Identification of Keratinocyte Cytoprotectants against Toxicity by the Multikinase Inhibitor Sorafenib Using Drug Repositioning. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100271. [PMID: 38585194 PMCID: PMC10990978 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hand-foot skin reaction is the most common adverse event of multikinase inhibitors, such as sorafenib. Although hand-foot skin reaction is not life threatening, severe cases impair quality of life because of pain and reduced activities of daily living. However, the pathological mechanisms of hand-foot skin reaction have not yet been elucidated in detail, and there is currently no effective treatment. We aimed to identify keratinocyte cytoprotectants against sorafenib toxicity. The screening of cytoprotectants against sorafenib toxicity was performed using cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes or a reconstructed human epidermis model and off-patent approved drugs in the Prestwick Chemical library. Among 1273 drugs in the chemical library, 8 dose-dependently increased cell viability by >200% in the presence of sorafenib. In the presence of sorafenib, the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells was significantly higher in clofazimine-, cyclosporin A-, and itraconazole-treated reconstructed human epidermis models than in sorafenib-treated models, and candidate drugs suppressed sorafenib-induced apoptosis in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. In addition, clofazimine, itraconazole, and pyrvinium pamoate significantly recovered the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in the presence of sorafenib. Collectively, hit drugs promoted cell viability and normalized keratinocyte proliferation in the presence of sorafenib. These candidate drugs have potential as treatments for multikinase inhibitor-induced hand-foot skin reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Kamata
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rui Kato
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sumika Toyama
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eriko Komiya
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Utsumi
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahide Kaneko
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Suga
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Simões-Pereira J, Saramago A, Rodrigues R, Pojo M, Pires C, Horta M, López-Presa D, Rito M, Cabrera R, Ferreira TC, Leite V, Cavaco BM. Clinical and molecular characterisation of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer according to radioiodine therapy outcomes. Endocrine 2024; 84:625-634. [PMID: 38102497 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioiodine (RAI) therapy remains the gold-standard approach for distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (TC). The main objective of our work was to identify the clinical and molecular markers that may help to predict RAI avidity and RAI therapy response of metastatic lesions in a cohort of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 122 PTC patients submitted to RAI therapy due to distant metastatic disease. We also analysed, through next-generation sequencing, a custom panel of 78 genes and rearrangements, in a smaller cohort of 31 metastatic PTC, with complete follow-up, available RAI therapy data, and existing tumour sample at our centre. RESULTS The most frequent outcome after RAI therapy was progression of disease in 59.0% of cases (n = 71), with median estimate progression-free survival of 30 months. RAI avidity was associated with PTC subtype, age and stimulated thyroglobulin at first RAI therapy for metastatic disease. The most frequently altered genes in the cohort of 31 PTC patients' primary tumours were RAS isoforms (54.8%) and TERT promoter (TERTp) (51.6%). The presence of BRAF p.V600E or RET/PTC alterations was associated with lower avidity (p = 0.012). TERTp mutations were not associated with avidity (p = 1.000) but portended a tendency for a higher rate of progression (p = 0.063); similar results were obtained when RAS and TERTp mutations coexisted (p = 1.000 and p = 0.073, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Early identification of molecular markers in primary tumours may help to predict RAI therapy avidity, the response of metastatic lesions and to select the patients that may benefit the most from other systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Simões-Pereira
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Saramago
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pojo
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Horta
- Serviço de Radiologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dolores López-Presa
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, E.P.E., Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Rito
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rafael Cabrera
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa C Ferreira
- Serviço de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Branca M Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal.
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22
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Asghar A, Chohan TA, Khurshid U, Saleem H, Mustafa MW, Khursheed A, Alafnan A, Batul R, Bin Break MK, Almansour K, Anwar S. A systematic review on understanding the mechanistic pathways and clinical aspects of natural CDK inhibitors on cancer progression.: Unlocking cellular and biochemical mechanisms. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 393:110940. [PMID: 38467339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cell division, differentiation, and controlled cell death are all regulated by phosphorylation, a key biological function. This mechanism is controlled by a variety of enzymes, with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) being particularly important in phosphorylating proteins at serine and threonine sites. CDKs, which contain 20 unique components, serve an important role in regulating vital physiological functions such as cell cycle progression and gene transcription. Methodologically, an extensive literature search was performed using reputable databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Keywords encompassed "cyclin kinase," "cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors," "CDK inhibitors," "natural products," and "cancer therapy." The inclusion criteria, focused on relevance, publication date, and language, ensured a thorough representation of the most recent research in the field, encompassing articles published from January 2015 to September 2023. Categorization of CDKs into those regulating transcription and those orchestrating cell cycle phases provides a comprehensive understanding of their diverse functions. Ongoing clinical trials featuring CDK inhibitors, notably CDK7 and CDK4/6 inhibitors, illuminate their promising potential in various cancer treatments. This review undertakes a thorough investigation of CDK inhibitors derived from natural (marine, terrestrial, and peptide) sources. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive comprehension of the chemical classifications, origins, target CDKs, associated cancer types, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Asghar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ali Chohan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Umair Khurshid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Saleem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Mian Waqar Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anjum Khursheed
- Department of Pharmacy, Grand Asian University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Alafnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahila Batul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Khaled Bin Break
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Almansour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
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Chen CP, Lin SF, Yeh CN, Huang WK, Pan YR, Hsiao YT, Lo CH, Wu CE. Synergistic effects of the combination of trametinib and alpelisib in anaplastic thyroid cancer with BRAF and PI3KCA co-mutations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29055. [PMID: 38576565 PMCID: PMC10990975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, has shown promise with the approved dabrafenib/trametinib combination for BRAFV600E mutation. Co-occurring PI3KCA mutations, identified as negative prognostic factors in lung cancer with BRAFV600E mutation, emphasize the need to target both pathways. Exploring trametinib and alpelisib combination becomes crucial for ATC. Methods A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and primary cell line were obtained from an ATC patient with BRAF and PI3KCA co-mutation. Individual testing of targeted therapies against BRAF, MEK, and PI3KCA was followed by a combination treatment. Synergistic effects were evaluated using the combination index. Immunoblotting assessed the efficacy, with validation performed using a PDX model. Results In this study, the ATC0802 cell line and PDX were established from a refractory ATC patient. NGS revealed BRAF and PI3KCA co-mutations pre- and post-dabrafenib/trametinib treatment. Trametinib/alpelisib combination showed synergy, suppressing both pERK and pAKT levels, unlike monotherapies or BRAF knockdown. The combination induced apoptosis and, in the PDX model, demonstrated superior tumor growth inhibition compared to monotherapies. Conclusions The combination of trametinib and alpelisib showed promise as a strategy for treating ATC with co-mutations in BRAF and PI3KCA, both in vitro and in vivo. This combination offers insights into overcoming resistance to BRAF-targeted treatments in ATC with mutations in BRAF and PI3KCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Ping Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fu Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Pan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hong Lo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-En Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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24
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Kim HR, Son M, Huh SJ, Moon SY, Moon H, Kang YW, Koh M, Lee JY. Relationship between METS-IR and thyroid cancer incidence in Korea: a nationwide population-based study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1383864. [PMID: 38665956 PMCID: PMC11044182 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1383864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several previous studies found a positive relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid cancer (TC) risk. However, there is no research that has studied the relationship between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), a novel surrogate marker for IR, and TC incidence. Thus, we designed this retrospective cohort study to evaluate the relationship between the incidence of TC and METS-IR. Method We analyzed a cohort of 314,321 Korean adults aged over 40 years who participated in the National Health Screening Program from 2009 to 2010. The individuals were divided into four groups based on METS-IR quartiles. Follow-up was until the diagnosis of TC or death, or until December 31, 2019, if neither. The relationship between METS-IR and TC incidence was analyzed using the Cox proportional-hazards model with multi-variable adjustments. Results A total of 4,137 participants (1.3%) were diagnosed with TC during a mean follow-up of 9.5 ± 1.5 years. The population with Q1 METS-IR scores showed higher disease-free probabilities than those with Q4 METS-IR scores (p <0.001). The hazard ratio (95% confidential interval) for TC incidence in Q2, Q3, and Q4 METS-IR value were 1.14 (1.05 to 1.25), 1.21 (1.11 to 1.33), and 1.30 (1.18 to 1.42) compared with Q1 of METS-IR, respectively. The incidence of TC tended to increase with increasing METS-IR values in the total population, especially the male population in the restricted cubic spline. In subgroup analysis, the TC risk was more pronounced in the subgroups under 65 and with a BMI < 25 kg/m2. Conclusion METS-IR was positively correlated with TC incidence in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jae Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yi Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeongdo Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Wool Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongseok Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Zhu L, Liang R, Guo Y, Cai Y, Song F, Hu Y, Liu Y, Ge M, Zheng G. Incorporating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Identify Bioactive Compounds and Potential Mechanisms of Digitalis in Treating Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15590-15602. [PMID: 38585091 PMCID: PMC10993403 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors for which there is no effective treatment. There are an increasing number of studies on herbal medicine for treating malignant tumors, and the classic botanical medicine Digitalis and its active ingredients for treating heart failure and arrhythmias have been revealed to have significant antitumor efficacy against a wide range of malignant tumors. However, the main components of Digitalis and the molecular mechanisms of its anti-ATC effects have not been extensively studied. Here, we screened the main components and core targets of Digitalis and verified the relationship between the active components and targets through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. These experiments showed that the active ingredients of Digitalis inhibit ATC cell activity and lead to ATC cell death through the apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Suzhou
Medical College of Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department
of Head and Neck Surgery, the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou
Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, 323020 Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruimin Liang
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yawen Guo
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department
of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015 Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fahuan Song
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiqun Hu
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunye Liu
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Suzhou
Medical College of Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guowan Zheng
- Otolaryngology
& Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and
Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated
People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical
College, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key
Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical
Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, 310014 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Hamidi S, Hu MI. RET kinase inhibitors for the treatment of RET-altered thyroid cancers: Current knowledge and future directions. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:118-126. [PMID: 38342224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
RET gain-of-function mutations are the most common drivers in medullary thyroid carcinoma, while RET fusions are identified in 5-10% of papillary thyroid carcinomas. Thus, RET plays a major role in the tumorigenesis of thyroid neoplasia, making it a valuable therapeutic target. Over a decade ago, multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) were first shown to have variable degrees of anti-RET activity. Despite some clinical efficacy in RET-altered thyroid cancers, significant off-target activity of MKIs led to marked toxicities limiting their use. More recently, two potent, highly selective RET inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, were shown to have notable efficacy in RET-altered cancers, associated with more tolerable side effect profiles than those of MKIs. However, these treatments are non-curative, and emerging evidence suggests that patients who progress on therapy acquire mutations conferring drug resistance. Thus, the quest for a more definitive treatment for advanced, RET-altered thyroid cancers continues. This year we celebrate the 30th anniversary of the association of germline mutations of the RET proto-oncogene with the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2 syndromes. In this timely review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art treatment strategies for RET-altered thyroid cancers, their limitations, as well as future therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hamidi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Mimi I Hu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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27
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Hu Y, Xu S, Dong L, Pan Z, Zhang L, Zhan W. Clinical features combined with ultrasound characteristics to predict TERT promoter mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a single-center study over the past 5 years. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1322731. [PMID: 38562417 PMCID: PMC10982409 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1322731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) has been reported in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to investigate the correlation of TERT promoter mutations with clinical and ultrasound (US) features in PTC and to develop a model to predict TERT promoter mutations. Methods Preoperative US images, postoperative pathological features, and TERT promoter mutation information were evaluated in 365 PTC patients confirmed by surgery. Univariate and multivariate factor analyses were performed to identify risk factors for TERT promoter mutations. A predictive model was established to assess the clinical predictive value. Results Of the 365 patients with PTC (498 nodules), the number of those with TERT promoter mutations was 67 cases (75 nodules), and the number of those without mutations was 298 cases (423 nodules). The median age was 40 years in the wild-type group and 60 years in the mutant group. Male patients made up 35.82% of the mutant group and 22.82% of the wild-type group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the independent risk factors associated with the occurrence of TERT promoter mutation in PTC were as follows: older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.07; p = 0.002), maximum diameter of ≥ 10 mm (OR = 3.94; p < 0.0001), unilateral (OR = 4.15; p < 0.0001), multifocal (OR = 7.69; p < 0.0001), adjacent to the thyroid capsule (OR = 1.94; p = 0.044), and accompanied by other benign nodules (OR = 1.94, p = 0.039). A predictive model was established, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic was 0.839. TERT promoter mutations were associated with high-risk US and clinical features compared with the wild-type group. Conclusion TERT promoter mutations were associated with older ages. They were also found to be multifocal, with a maximum diameter of ≥ 10 mm, unilateral, adjacent to the thyroid capsule, and accompanied by other benign nodules. The predictive model was of high diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangyan Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuxian Pan
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Huang B, Zhang Y, Sun P, Yuan Y, Wang C. MiR-138-5p Inhibits Thyroid Cancer Cell Growth and Stemness by Targeting TRPC5/Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:544-553. [PMID: 37278959 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a key role in the pathogenesis of many types of cancer, including thyroid cancer (TC). MiR-138-5p has been confirmed to be abnormally expressed in TC tissues. However, the role of miR-138-5p in TC progression and its potential molecular mechanism need to be further explored. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine miR-138-5p and TRPC5 expression, and western blot analysis was performed to examine the protein levels of TRPC5, stemness-related markers, and Wnt pathway-related markers. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to assess the interaction between miR-138-5p and TRPC5. Cell proliferation, stemness, and apoptosis were examined using colony formation assay, sphere formation assay, and flow cytometry. Our data showed that miR-138-5p could target TRPC5 and its expression was negatively correlated with TRPC5 expression in TC tumor tissues. MiR-138-5p decreased proliferation, stemness, and promoted gemcitabine-induced apoptosis in TC cells, and this effect could be reversed by TRPC5 overexpression. Moreover, TRPC5 overexpression abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-138-5p on the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In conclusion, our data showed that miR-138-5p suppressed TC cell growth and stemness via the regulation of TRPC5/Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which provided some guidance for studying the potential function of miR-138-5p in TC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Street, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - YiChao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Street, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Street, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - YuanYuan Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Street, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - CunChuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Street, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Hoff AO, Chaves ALF, de Oliveira TB, Ramos HE, Penna GC, Dos Santos LV, Maia AL, Brito DO, Vizzotto FP. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: what the nonspecialists needs to know. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2024; 68:e230375. [PMID: 38427812 PMCID: PMC10948043 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2023-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounts for most cases of thyroid cancer, and the heterogeneity of DTC requires that management decisions be taken by a multidisciplinary team involving endocrinologists, head and neck surgeons, nuclear medicine physicians, pathologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. It is important for nonspecialists to recognize and refer patients with DTC who will benefit from a specialized approach. Recent advances in knowledge and changes in management of DTC call for the need to raise awareness on the part of these nonspecialist physicians, including general endocrinologists and medical oncologists at large. We provide an overview of diagnostic and therapeutic principles in DTC, especially those that bear direct implication on day-to-day management of these patients by generalists. Patients with DTC may be broadly categorized as having localized, locally persistent/recurrent, or metastatic disease. Current recommendations for DTC include a three-tiered system that classifies patients with localized disease into low, intermediate, or high risk of persistent or recurrent disease. Risk stratification should be performed at baseline and repeated on an ongoing basis, depending on clinical evolution. One of the overarching goals in the management of DTC is the need to personalize treatment by tailoring its modality and intensity according to ongoing prognostic stratification, evolving knowledge about the disease, and patient characteristics and preference. In metastatic disease that is refractory to radioactive iodine, thyroid tumors are being reclassified into molecular subtypes that better reflect their biological properties and for which molecular alterations can be targeted with specific agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana O Hoff
- Disciplina de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,
| | | | | | - Helton Estrela Ramos
- Departamento de Biorregulação, Instituto de Saúde e Ciências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Cancela Penna
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Lucas Vieira Dos Santos
- Unidade de Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço, Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Luiza Maia
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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30
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Wang K, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Wang H, He M, Guo R. Current and future of immunotherapy for thyroid cancer based on bibliometrics and clinical trials. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:50. [PMID: 38403820 PMCID: PMC10894806 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is a leading endocrine malignancy, with anaplastic and medullary subtypes posing treatment challenges. Existing therapies have limited efficacy, highlighting a need for innovative approaches. METHODS We analyzed 658 articles and 87 eligible clinical trials using bibliometric tools and database searches, including annual publication and citation trends, were executed using Web of Science, CiteSpace, and VOS Viewer. RESULTS Post-2018, there is a surge in thyroid cancer immunotherapy research, primarily from China and the University of Pisa. Of the 87 trials, 32 were Phase I and 55 were Phase II, mostly exploring combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors. CONCLUSION The study's dual approach verifies the swift advancement of thyroid cancer immunotherapy from diverse perspectives. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the preferred regimen for advanced MTC and ATC in late therapeutic lines. However, since ICB plays a pivotal role in ATC, current clinical trial data show that ATC patients account for more and the curative effect is more accurate. Anticipated future developments are inclined toward combination regimens integrating immunotherapy with chemotherapy or targeted therapies. Emerging approaches, such as bispecific antibodies, cytokine-based therapies, and adoptive cell therapies like CAR-T and TCR-T, are exhibiting considerable potential. Upcoming research is expected to concentrate on refining the tumor immune milieu and discovering novel biomarkers germane to immunotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Str, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Yang Xing
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Minghua He
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Str, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Pereira A, Parra D, Alvarez M, Rincon O. Response to sorafenib in a locally advanced oncocytic cell carcinoma of the thyroid. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e257738. [PMID: 38378588 PMCID: PMC10882407 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a female patient in her late 70s, diagnosed with widely invasive oncocytic cell carcinoma, with extrathyroidal extension, infiltration into the extrathyroidal muscle, involvement of the sternohyoid muscle and infiltration into the external muscle fibres of the oesophagus. Over the following year, metastases were documented in the lungs, bones and brain. Additionally, there was progression of the locally advanced lesion involving the airway and upper gastrointestinal tract. After considering iodine refractoriness, treatment with sorafenib was initiated. Notably, regression of the locoregional lesion at the cervical level was observed following treatment with the multikinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Pereira
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Diana Parra
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
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32
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Liu S, Yan X, Yang Y, Xia Y, Zhang P. Knowledge mapping of anaplastic thyroid cancer treatments: a bibliometric analysis (2000-2023). Front Oncol 2024; 14:1330030. [PMID: 38420016 PMCID: PMC10899696 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1330030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a relatively rare and extensively malignant kind of thyroid carcinoma. The poor prognosis and high mortality rate of ATC can be attributed to its invasive features and undifferentiated phenotype. At present, there is a lack of efficacious therapeutic options. In light of the elevated fatality rate, it is vital to possess a comprehensive comprehension of the scientific terrain pertaining to ATC. To gather the perspectives of different researchers about the topic of ATC treatment, we did a bibliometric network analysis, which offers a comprehensive view of the scholarly literature. Methodology A systematic search was conducted on the WoSCC database to identify publications pertaining to ATC treatment between the years 2000 and 2023. In this bibliometric investigation, the tools VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix" were employed to investigate the general attributes, developmental framework, and academic frontiers of the subject matter. Results 1223 publications in total, written by 6937 scholars from 53 areas and 1402 institutions and published in 358 scholarly journals, were analyzed. There has been a gradual increase in the quantity of publications pertaining to ATC treatment. The United States and China emerged as the most prominent nations. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Counseling Center are prominent research institutions in highly productive countries. The journal Thyroid holds a prominent position within its discipline, being widely recognized as both the most popular and highly co-cited publication. According to the available data, Maria Cabanillas has authored the highest number of published articles, while RC Smallridge has received the highest number of co-citations. It turned out that the prevailing keywords encompassed expression, therapy, apoptosis, survival, activation, proliferation, metastasis, and other related terms. Immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and prognostic factors are the emerging research hotspots and trends. Conclusions This paper presents a complete overview of research trends and advancements in the treatment of ATC using bibliometric analysis. The acquisition of information will offer vital insights for funding and potential creative strategies in researching the treatment of ATC, which indicates the research frontiers as well as prevalent directions in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingmin Yan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yalong Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Panshi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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33
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Pitoia F, Scheffel RS, Califano I, Gauna A, Tala H, Vaisman F, Gonzalez AR, Hoff AO, Maia AL. Management of radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: the Latin American perspective. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:109-121. [PMID: 37380825 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Radioiodine (RAI) refractory differentiated thyroid cancer is an uncommon and challenging situation that requires a multidisciplinary approach to therapeutic strategies. The definition of RAI-refractoriness is usually a clear situation in specialized centers. However, the right moment for initiation of multikinase inhibitors (MKI), the time and availability for genomic testing, and the possibility of prescribing MKI and selective kinase inhibitors differ worldwide.Latin America (LA) refers to the territories of the world that stretch across two regions: North America (including Central America and the Caribbean) and South America, containing 8.5% of the world's population. In this manuscript, we critically review the current standard approach recommended for patients with RAI refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, emphasizing the challenges faced in LA. To achieve this objective, the Latin American Thyroid Society (LATS) convened a panel of experts from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Colombia. Access to MKI compounds continues to be a challenge in all LA countries. This is true not only for MKI but also for the new selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which will also require genomic testing, that is not widely available. Thus, as precision medicine advances, significant disparities will be made more evident, and despite efforts to improve coverage and reimbursement, molecular-based precision medicine remains inaccessible to most of the LA population. Efforts should be undertaken to alleviate the discrepancies between the current state-of-the-art care for RAI-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and the present situation in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Pitoia
- Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín - University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rafael Selbach Scheffel
- Thyroid Unit, Medical School, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ines Califano
- Endocrinology Division, Instituto de Oncología AH Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Gauna
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital Ramos Mejía, Gobierno Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán Tala
- Centro de tiroides, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Vaisman
- Onco endocrinology Service, Endocrinology Service, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional do Cancer (INCa), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Roman Gonzalez
- Deparment of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, Universidad de Antioquia. Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación. Medellin, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Oliveira Hoff
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Maia
- Thyroid Unit, Medical School, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Thyroid Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, RS, 2350 - CEP 90035-003, Brazil.
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34
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Maniakas A, Sullivan A, Hu MI, Busaidy NL, Cabanillas ME, Dadu R, Waguespack SG, Fisher SB, Graham PH, Gross ND, Grubbs EG, Perrier ND, Wang JR, Gunn B, Garden AS, Megahed R, Navuluri S, Li X, Williams MD, Zafereo M. Decreasing utilization for postoperative radiation therapy in locoregionally advanced medullary thyroid cancer. Head Neck 2024; 46:328-335. [PMID: 38009416 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) in locoregionally advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) remains controversial. The objective was to evaluate the effect of PORT on locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS). METHODS Retrospective cohort study of 346 MTC patients separated into PORT and no-PORT cohorts. Relative indications for PORT, as well as changes in patterns of treatment, were recorded. RESULTS 49/346 (14%) received PORT. PORT was associated with worse OS; adjusted HR = 2.0 (95%CI 1.3-3.3). PORT was not associated with improved LRC, even when adjusting for advanced stage (Stage III p = 0.892; Stage IV p = 0.101). PORT and targeted therapy were not associated with improved OS compared to targeted therapy alone; adjusted HR = 1.2 (95%CI 0.3-4.1). CONCLUSIONS Use of PORT in MTC has decreased and its indications have become more selective, coinciding with the advent of effective targeted therapies. Overall, PORT was not associated with improved LRC or OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Maniakas
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Sullivan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mimi I Hu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naifa L Busaidy
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria E Cabanillas
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ramona Dadu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Steven G Waguespack
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah B Fisher
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul H Graham
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Neil D Gross
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Grubbs
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nancy D Perrier
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer R Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brandon Gunn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adam S Garden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Romy Megahed
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sriram Navuluri
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle D Williams
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Liang J, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Wu B, Zhou J. Identification and clinical value of a new ceRNA axis (TIMP3/hsa-miR-181b-5p/PAX8-AS1) in thyroid cancer. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1859. [PMID: 38410497 PMCID: PMC10895078 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is a prevalent and increasingly common malignant tumor. In most cases, TC progresses slowly and runs a virtually benign course. However, challenges remain with the treatment of refractory TC, which does not respond to traditional management or is subject to relapse or metastasis. Therefore, new therapeutic regimens for TC patients with poor outcomes are urgently needed. Methods The differentially expressed RNAs were identified from the expression profile data of RNA from TC downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Multiple databases were utilized to investigate the regulatory relationship among RNAs. Subsequently, a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was established to elucidate the ceRNA axis that is responsible for the clinical prognosis of TC. To understand the potential mechanism of ceRNA axis in TC, location analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and immune-related analysis were conducted. Results A ceRNA network of TC was constructed, and the TIMP3/hsa-miR-181b-5p/PAX8-AS1 ceRNA axis associated with the prognosis of TC was successfully identified. Our results showed that the axis might influence the prognosis of TC through its regulation of regulating tumor immunity. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that TIMP3/hsa-miR-181b-5p/PAX8-AS1 axis is significantly related to the prognosis of TC. The molecules involved in this axis may serve as novel therapeutic approaches for TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Liang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yubi Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District Wuhan City and Union Dongxihu HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Dailah HG, Hommdi AA, Koriri MD, Algathlan EM, Mohan S. Potential role of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in the treatment of cancer: A contemporary nursing practice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24559. [PMID: 38298714 PMCID: PMC10828696 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have emerged as promising therapeutic options for cancer patients. Immunotherapies induce a host immune response that mediates long-lived tumor destruction, while targeted therapies suppress molecular mechanisms that are important for tumor maintenance and growth. In addition, cytotoxic agents and targeted therapies regulate immune responses, which increases the chances that these therapeutic approaches may be efficiently combined with immunotherapy to ameliorate clinical outcomes. Various studies have suggested that combinations of therapies that target different stages of anti-tumor immunity may be synergistic, which can lead to potent and more prolonged responses that can achieve long-lasting tumor destruction. Nurses associated with cancer patients should have a better understanding of the immunotherapies and targeted therapies, such as their efficacy profiles, mechanisms of action, as well as management and prophylaxis of adverse events. Indeed, this knowledge will be important in establishing care for cancer patients receiving immunotherapies and targeted therapies for cancer treatment. Moreover, nurses need a better understanding regarding targeted therapies and immunotherapies to ameliorate outcomes in patients receiving these therapies, as well as management and early detection of possible adverse effects, especially adverse events associated with checkpoint inhibitors and various other therapies that control T-cell activation causing autoimmune toxicity. Nurses practice in numerous settings, such as hospitals, home healthcare agencies, radiation therapy facilities, ambulatory care clinics, and community agencies. Therefore, as compared to other members of the healthcare team, nurses often have better opportunities to develop the essential rapport in providing effective nurse-led patient education, which is important for effective therapeutic outcomes and continuance of therapy. In this article, we have particularly focused on providing a detailed overview on targeted therapies and immunotherapies used in cancer treatment, management of their associated adverse events, and the impact as well as strategies of nurse-led patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Abdu Hommdi
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahdi Dafer Koriri
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa Mohammed Algathlan
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Zhou T, Ma N, Zhang YL, Chen XH, Luo X, Zhang M, Gao QJ, Zhao DW. Transcription factor FOXP4 inversely governs tumor suppressor genes and contributes to thyroid cancer progression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23875. [PMID: 38293397 PMCID: PMC10826616 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective In recent decades, thyroid cancer (TC) has exhibited a rising incidence pattern. Elevated levels of the transcription factor FOXP4 have been strongly linked to the progression of diverse tumors; nevertheless, its specific role in thyroid cancer remains underexplored. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the functions of FOXP4 and its associated target gene, FBXW7, in the context of thyroid cancer. Methods FOXP4 and FBXW7 expression levels in TC tissues and cell lines were assessed through immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR analyses. The functional aspects of FOXP4, including its effects on cell proliferation, migration capabilities, cell cycle regulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), were investigated. Furthermore, the interaction between FOXP4 and FBXW7 was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. The impact of FBXW7 on FOXP4-mediated cellular phenotypes was subsequently examined. Additionally, the in vivo role of FOXP4 and FBXW7 in tumor growth was elucidated through the establishment of a murine tumor model. Results Elevated levels of FOXP4 were observed in papillary carcinoma tissues, and patients exhibiting high FBXW7 levels showed a more favorable prognosis. KTC-1 cells displayed a concomitant increase in FOXP4 expression and decrease in FBXW7 expression. FOXP4 overexpression in these cells enhanced cell proliferation, migration capabilities, and EMT. The interaction between the FOXP4 protein and the FBXW7 promoter was confirmed, and the effects of FOXP4 were mitigated upon overexpression of FBXW7. Furthermore, knockdown of FOXP4 led to decelerated growth of transplanted tumors and increased FBXW7 levels within the tumors. Conclusion The findings of the current study underscore the regulatory role of FOXP4 in the transcription of FBXW7 and establish a clear link between aberrations in FBXW7 expression and the manifestation of malignant phenotypes in highly aggressive TC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-lin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xing-hong Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Mai Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing-jun Gao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Dai-wei Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Sartori PV, Andreani S, De Pasquale L, Pauna I, Bulfamante AM, Aiello PSL, Melcarne R, Giacomelli L, Boniardi M. How to Manage Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Step-by-Step Analysis from Two Italian Tertiary Referral Centers. J Clin Med 2024; 13:708. [PMID: 38337400 PMCID: PMC10856418 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has an excellent prognosis; however, advanced disease is associated with a worse prognosis and is relatively common. Surgery followed by RAI treatment remains the mainstream treatment for a large majority of patients with high- and intermediate-risk DTC, but its benefits should be carefully weighed against the potential for harm. The aim of this paper is to critically review the experience in treating advanced DTC at two tertiary referral centers in Italy. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 300 patients who underwent surgery for ADTC over 30 years. RESULTS The complication rate was 50.33%. A total of 135 patients (45%) remained at regular follow-up, 118 (87.4%) were alive, while 17 (12.6%) were deceased. The mean overall survival at 12 years was 84.8% with a mean of 238 months. Eleven patients (8.1%) experienced a relapse after a median of 13 months. CONCLUSIONS ADTC patients adequately treated can achieve prolonged survival even in the case of metastasis or disease relapse. Patients with ADTC should be referred to high-volume centers with the availability of an extended multidisciplinary team to receive tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Andreani
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy; (S.A.); (I.P.); (P.S.L.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Loredana De Pasquale
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Service-Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Iuliana Pauna
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy; (S.A.); (I.P.); (P.S.L.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Antonio Mario Bulfamante
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Buzzi Children Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Rossella Melcarne
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Giacomelli
- Department of General and Specialty Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Umberto I, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Boniardi
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy; (S.A.); (I.P.); (P.S.L.A.); (M.B.)
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Qu S, Gong M, Deng Y, Xiang Y, Ye D. Research progress and application of single-cell sequencing in head and neck malignant tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:18-27. [PMID: 37968342 PMCID: PMC10794142 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a technology that separates thousands of cells from the organism and accurately analyzes the genetic material expressed in each cell using high-throughput sequencing technology. Unlike the traditional bulk sequencing approach, which can only provide the average value of a cell population and cannot obtain specific single-cell data, single-cell sequencing can identify the gene sequence and expression changes of a single cell, and reflects the differences between genetic material and protein between cells, and ultimately the role played by the tumor microenvironment. single-cell sequencing can further explore the pathogenesis of head and neck malignancies from the single-cell biological level and provides a theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of head and neck malignancies. This article will systematically introduce the latest progress and application of single-cell sequencing in malignant head and neck tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Athey JM, Vieson MD, Bailey K, Rudmann D, Baumgartner WA, Selting KA. Canine thyroid carcinomas: A review with emphasis on comparing the compact subtype of follicular thyroid carcinomas and medullary thyroid carcinomas. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:7-19. [PMID: 37306003 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231177225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Canine thyroid carcinomas are relatively common malignant endocrine neoplasms in dogs derived from either thyroid follicular cells (forming follicular thyroid carcinomas) or medullary cells (parafollicular, C-cells; forming medullary thyroid carcinomas). Older and recent clinical studies often fail to discriminate between compact cellular (solid) follicular thyroid carcinomas and medullary thyroid carcinomas, which may skew conclusions. The compact subtype of follicular thyroid carcinomas appears to be the least differentiated subtype of follicular thyroid carcinomas and needs to be differentiated from medullary thyroid carcinomas. This review includes information on the signalment, presentation, etiopathogenesis, classification, histologic and immunohistochemical diagnosis, clinical management, and biochemical and genetic derangements of canine follicular and medullary carcinomas, and their correlates with human medicine.
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Abd El-Karim SS, Syam YM, El Kerdawy AM, Abdel-Mohsen HT. Rational design and synthesis of novel quinazolinone N-acetohydrazides as type II multi-kinase inhibitors and potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106920. [PMID: 37898082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
In the current investigation, a new class of quinazolinone N-acetohydrazides 9a-v was designed as type II multi-kinase inhibitors. The target quinazolinones were tailored so that the quinazolinone moiety would occupy the front pocket of the binding sites of VEGFR-2, FGFR-1 and BRAF kinases, meanwhile, the phenyl group at position 2 would act as a spacer which was functionalized at position 4 with an N-acetohydrazide linker that could achieve the key interactions with the essential gate area amino acids. The hydrazide moiety was linked to diverse aryl derivatives to occupy the hydrophobic back pocket of the DFG-out conformation of target kinases. The synthesized quinazolinone derivatives 9a-v demonstrated moderate to potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 spanning from 0.29 to 5.17 µM. Further evaluation of the most potent derivatives on FGFR-1, BRAFWT and BRAFV600E showed that the quinazolinone N-acetohydrazides 9d, 9e, 9f, 9l and 9m have a potent multi-kinase inhibitory activity. Concurrently, 9b, 9d, 9e, 9k, 9l, 9o, 9q demonstrated potent growth inhibitory activity on NCI cancer cell lines with GI50 reaching 0.72 µM. In addition, compound 9e arrested the cell cycle progression in MDA-MB-231 cell line at the G2/M phase and showed the ability to induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaia S Abd El-Karim
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, P. O. Box 12622 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Syam
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, P. O. Box 12622 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, P. O. Box 12622 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Shen H, Zhu R, Liu Y, Hong Y, Ge J, Xuan J, Niu W, Yu X, Qin JJ, Li Q. Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for radioiodine resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101013. [PMID: 38041877 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) is difficult to treat with radioactive iodine because of the absence of the sodium iodide transporter in the basement membrane of thyroid follicular cells for iodine uptake. This is usually due to the mutation or rearrangement of genes and the aberrant activation of signal pathways, which result in abnormal expression of thyroid-specific genes, leading to resistance of differentiated thyroid cancer cells to radioiodine therapy. Therefore, inhibiting the proliferation and growth of RAIR-DTC with multikinase inhibitors and other drugs or restoring its differentiation and then carrying out radioiodine therapy have become the first-line treatment strategies and main research directions. The drugs that regulate these kinases or signaling pathways have been studied in clinical and preclinical settings. In this review, we summarized the major gene mutations, gene rearrangements and abnormal activation of signaling pathways that led to radioiodine resistance of RAIR-DTC, as well as the medicine that have been tested in clinical and preclinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huize Shen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of stomatology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangjian Hong
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaming Ge
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Xuan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyuan Niu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuefei Yu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qinglin Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Fang H, Fu K, Shi P, Zhao Z, Yang F, Liu Y. Forkhead box F2/ Lysyl oxidase like 1 contribute to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in thyroid cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110956. [PMID: 37918464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioinformatics analysis suggests an association between lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1) and forkhead box F2 (FOXF2), both of which are found to be dysregulated in thyroid cancer. This study aims to elucidate their specific roles in thyroid cancer. METHODS The correlation of LOXL1 expression with thyroid cancer staging and the overall survival was analyzed. LOXL1 levels were determined in several thyroid cancer cells, and its effects on poorly differentiated BCPAP cell proliferation, colony formation, malignant phenotypes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and angiogenesis were evaluated. The relationship between LOXL1 and FOXF2 was confirmed using Luciferase reporter and ChIP assays. The impacts of FOXF2 on LOXL1 regulation along with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling were assessed, followed by the verification of transplanted tumor in nude mice. RESULTS Elevated LOXL1 expression was associated with advanced clinical staging and poorer overall survival. Reduced LOXL1 suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis. FOXF2 was found to be down-regulated in thyroid cancer, acting as a transcription factor that recognizes the LOXL1 promoter and modulates its transcriptional expression. Moreover, the regulatory outcome of LOXL1 knockdown was partially reversed upon FOXF2 knockdown, including the modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that LOXL1 is transcriptionally regulated by FOXF2 and activates the Wnt/β-catenin to promote malignant phenotypes, EMT progression, and angiogenesis in BCPAP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital/Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China.
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Lukas J, Hintnausova B, Sykorova V, Syrucek M, Maly M, Lukas D, Duskova J. Clinical and molecular genetic analysis of cytologically uncertain thyroid nodules in patients with thyroid disease. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2023. [PMID: 38058193 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2023.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current requirement is to establish the preoperative diagnosis accurately as possible and to achieve an adequate extent of surgery. The aim of this study was to define the preoperative clinical and molecular genetic risks of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III and IV) and to determine their impact on the surgical strategy. METHODS Prospectively retrospective analysis of 287 patients provided the basis of preoperative laboratory examination, sonographic stratification of malignancy risks and cytological findings. Molecular tests focused on pathogenic variants of genes associated with thyroid oncogenesis in cytologically indeterminate nodules (Bethesda III and IV). The evaluation included clinical risk factors: positive family history, radiation exposure and growth in size and/or number of nodules. RESULTS Preoperative FNAB detected 52 cytologically indeterminate nodules (28.7%) out of 181 patients. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed malignancy in 12 cases (23.7%) and there was no significant difference between Bethesda III and IV categories (P=0.517). Clinical risk factors for malignancy were found in 32 patients (61.5%) and the presence of at least one of them resulted in a clearly higher incidence of malignancy than their absence (31.3% vs. 10.0%, respectively). Pathogenic variants of genes were detected in 12/49 patients in Bethesda III and IV, and in 4 cases (33.3%) thyroid carcinoma was revealed. The rate of malignancies was substantially higher in patients with pathogenic variants than in those without (33.3% vs. 16.2%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our experience implies that molecular genetic testing is one of several decision factors. We will continue to monitor and enlarge our patient cohort to obtain long-term follow-up data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindrich Lukas
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Department Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hintnausova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Centre, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Sykorova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Syrucek
- Department of Pathology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Maly
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jaroslava Duskova
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Fu H, Huang J, Zhao T, Wang H, Chen Y, Xu W, Pang Y, Guo W, Sun L, Wu H, Xu P, Su B, Zhang J, Chen X, Chen H. Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted Radioligand Therapy with 177Lu-EB-FAPI for Metastatic Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer: First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4740-4750. [PMID: 37801296 PMCID: PMC10690094 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a promising target for tumor treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the albumin binder-conjugated FAP-targeted radiopharmaceutical, 177Lu-EB-FAPI (177Lu-LNC1004), in patients with metastatic radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer (mRAIR-TC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label, non-randomized, first-in-human, dose-escalation, investigator-initiated trial had a 3+3 design and involved a 6-week 177Lu-LNC1004 treatment cycle in patients with mRAIR-TC at 2.22 GBq initially, with subsequent cohorts receiving an incremental 50% dose increase until dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed. RESULTS 177Lu-LNC1004 administration was well tolerated, with no life-threatening adverse events observed. No patients experienced DLT in Group A (2.22 GBq/cycle). One patient experienced grade 4 thrombocytopenia in Group B (3.33 GBq/cycle); hence, another three patients were enrolled, none of whom experienced DLT. Two patients experienced grade 3 and 4 hematotoxicity in Group C (4.99 GBq/cycle). The mean whole-body effective dose was 0.17 ± 0.04 mSv/MBq. Intense 177Lu-LNC1004 uptake and prolonged tumor retention resulted in high mean absorbed tumor doses (8.50 ± 12.36 Gy/GBq). The mean effective half-lives for the whole-body and tumor lesions were 90.20 ± 7.68 and 92.46 ± 9.66 hours, respectively. According to RECIST, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were observed in 3 (25%), 7 (58%), and 2 (17%) patients, respectively. The objective response and disease control rates were 25% and 83%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS FAP-targeted radioligand therapy with 177Lu-LNC1004 at 3.33 GBq/cycle was well tolerated in patients with advanced mRAIR-TC, with high radiation dose delivery to the tumor lesions, encouraging therapeutic efficacy, and acceptable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingxiong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianzhi Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hongjian Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weizhi Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yizhen Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bishan Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haojun Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Matrone A, Citro F, Gambale C, Prete A, Minaldi E, Ciampi R, Ramone T, Materazzi G, Torregrossa L, Elisei R. BRAF K601E Mutation in Oncocytic Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6970. [PMID: 38002585 PMCID: PMC10672186 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12226970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being the most common subtype. BRAF and RAS oncogene were characterized as the most frequently altered genes in PTC, with a strong association between genotype and histotype. The most common mutation in BRAF gene is V600E and is prevalent in classic and aggressive variants of PTC, while BRAF K601E mutation is the most common among the other rare BRAF mutations. BRAF K601E mutated thyroid carcinomas are usually characterized by low aggressiveness, except for anecdotal cases of poorly differentiated TC. CASE PRESENTATION We described a case of oncocytic carcinoma of the thyroid (OCA) with an aggressive clinical course, including widespread metastasis and resistance to radioiodine treatment. Molecular analysis revealed the exclusive presence of the BRAF K601E mutation in both primary tumor and metastatic lesions. Accordingly, a revision of the literature about aggressive TC cases carrying BRAF K601E mutation was performed. CONCLUSION Although rare, this case emphasizes the relevance of considering BRAF K601E mutation in advanced non-PTC thyroid carcinomas, since it can be considered an actionable mutation for target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matrone
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Fabrizia Citro
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Carla Gambale
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Elisa Minaldi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Raffaele Ciampi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Teresa Ramone
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
| | - Gabriele Materazzi
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Liborio Torregrossa
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, Anatomic Pathology Section, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.C.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (E.M.); (R.C.); (T.R.); (R.E.)
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Dong S, Xia Q, Pan J, Du XL, Wu YJ, Xie XJ. Hyperbranched polyamidoamine-RGD peptide/si- circICA1 in the treatment of invasive thyroid cancer through targeting of the miR-486-3p/SERPINA1 axis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2039-2059. [PMID: 38131284 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to identify molecular markers associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and investigate the therapeutic potential of targeted nanoscale drugs. Materials & methods: We analyzed the effects of circICA1 and miR-486-3p on B-CPAP cells' proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The regulation of the miR-486-3p/SERPINA1 axis was explored using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blot analyses for metastasis. In vivo, we evaluated the effects of hyperbranched polyamidoamine-RGD peptide/si-circICA1 on PTC growth and metastasis. Results: Enhanced miR-486-3p expression inhibits B-CPAP cells' proliferation and invasion. si-circICA1 delivered via hyperbranched polyamidoamine-RGD peptide nanoparticles shows potential for treating metastasis in PTC. Conclusion: This study identifies key molecular mechanisms underlying PTC invasiveness and suggests a promising therapeutic strategy for PTC using targeted nanoscale drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Dong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yi-Jun Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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Alzahrani AS. Clinical use of Molecular Data in Thyroid Nodules and Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2759-2771. [PMID: 37200449 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 3 decades, advances in the molecular genetics of thyroid cancer (TC) have been translated into diagnostic tests, prognostic markers, and therapeutic agents. The main drivers in differentiated TC pathogenesis are single-point mutations and gene fusions in components of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathways. Other important genetic alterations in the more advanced types of TC include TERT promoter, TP53, EIF1AX, and epigenetic alterations. Using this knowledge, several molecular tests have been developed for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules. Currently, 3 commercially available tests are in use including a DNA/RNA-based test (ThyroSeq v.3), an RNA-based test (Afirma Gene Sequencing Classifier), and a hybrid DNA/miRNA test, ThyGeNEXT/ThyraMIR. These tests are mostly used to rule out malignancy in Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules because they all have high sensitivities and negative predictive values. Their common use, predominantly in the United States, has resulted in a significant reduction in unnecessary thyroid surgeries for benign nodules. Some of these tests also provide information on the underlying molecular drivers of TC; this may support decision making in initial TC management planning, although this practice has not yet been widely adopted. More importantly, molecular testing is essential in patients with advanced disease before using specific mono-kinase inhibitors (eg, selpercatinib for RET-altered TC) because these drugs are ineffective in the absence of a specific molecular target. This mini-review discusses the utilization of molecular data in the clinical management of patients with thyroid nodules and TC in these different clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Duan SL, Wu M, Zhang ZJ, Chang S. The potential role of reprogrammed glucose metabolism: an emerging actionable codependent target in thyroid cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:735. [PMID: 37853445 PMCID: PMC10585934 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing year by year, most patients, especially those with differentiated thyroid cancer, can usually be cured with surgery, radioactive iodine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression. However, treatment options for patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancers or radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer have historically been limited. Altered energy metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer and a well-documented feature in thyroid cancer. In a hypoxic environment with extreme nutrient deficiencies resulting from uncontrolled growth, thyroid cancer cells utilize "metabolic reprogramming" to satisfy their energy demand and support malignant behaviors such as metastasis. This review summarizes past and recent advances in our understanding of the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in thyroid cancer cells, which we expect will yield new therapeutic approaches for patients with special pathological types of thyroid cancer by targeting reprogrammed glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Li Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Jia Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Thyroid Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Thyroid and Related Diseases Treatment Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Ma JJ, Xiang C, Wang JW. TTK is a potential regulator of tumor progression correlated with dedifferentiation and immune cell infiltration in papillary thyroid cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:10607-10626. [PMID: 37815894 PMCID: PMC10599754 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and clinical significance of threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). METHODS TTK expression in PTC and normal groups were compared using TCGA data and in vitro experiments. The prognostic value of TTK and its possible role in PTC dedifferentiation was evaluated. Next, TTK involvement in PTC occurrence and progression was analyzed via in vitro experiments. Subsequently, analyses of enrichment and immune cell infiltration were conducted to reveal the possible mechanism. Finally, we predicted the target miRNAs followed by performing a luciferase reporter experiment. RESULTS TTK upregulation was observed in PTC, and its elevated level was significantly related to an unfavorable prognosis (P < 0.05). Interestingly, TTK negatively correlated with thyroid differentiation score (TDS), and patients with higher TDS showed longer survival (all P < 0.05). PTC cell growth, migration, and invasion were inhibited upon TTK knockdown. Besides, TTK was involved in metabolic processes and regulated cell adhesion molecules pathway. Its overexpression was positively associated with immune cell infiltrates (P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-582-5p was an upstream target of TTK. CONCLUSION TTK serves as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis and prognosis in PTC, especially for those that may differentiate into more aggressive thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Ma
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Wei Wang
- The Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
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