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Jakimovski D, Qureshi F, Ramanathan M, Keshavan A, Leyden K, Jalaleddini K, Ghoreyshi A, Dwyer MG, Bergsland N, Marr K, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R. Lower arterial cerebral blood flow is associated with worse neuroinflammation and immunomodulation composite proteomic scores. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 87:105687. [PMID: 38776599 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain hypoperfusion is linked with worse physical, cognitive and MRI outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding the proteomic signatures related to hypoperfusion could provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanism. METHODS 140 people with MS (pwMS; 86 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)/relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and 54 progressive (PMS)) were included. Cerebral arterial blood flow (CABF) was determined using ultrasound Doppler measurement as the sum of blood flow in the bilateral common carotid arteries and vertebral arteries. Proteomic analysis was performed using the Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity (MSDA) test assay panel performed on the Olink™ platform. The MSDA test measures the concentrations of 18 proteins that are age and sex-adjusted. It utilizes a stacked classifier logistic regression model to determine 4 disease pathway scores (immunomodulation, neuroinflammation, myelin biology, and neuroaxonal integrity) as well as an overall disease activity score (1 to 10). MRI measures of T2 lesion volume (LV) and whole brain volume (WBV) were derived. RESULTS The pwMS were on average 54 years old and had an average CABF of 951 mL/min. There were no differences in CABF between CIS/RRMS vs. PMS groups. Lower CABF levels were correlated with the overall disease activity score (r = -0.26, p = 0.003) and with the neuroinflammation (r = -0.29, p = 0.001), immunomodulation (r = -0.26, p = 0.003) and neuroaxonal integrity (r = -0.23, p = 0.007) pathway scores. After age and body mass index (BMI)-adjustment, lower CABF remained associated with the neuroinflammatory (r = -0.23, p = 0.011) and immunomodulation (r = -0.20, p = 0.024) pathway scores. The relationship between CABF and the neuroinflammation pathway score remained significant after adjusting for T2-LV and WBV (p = 0.038). Individual analyses identified neurofilament light chain, CCL-20 and TNFSF13B as contributors. When compared to the highest quartile (>1133.5 mL/min), the pwMS in the lowest CABF quartile (<764 mL/min) had greater overall disease activity score (p = 0.003), neuroinflammation (p = 0.001), immunomodulation (p = 0.004) and neuroaxonal integrity pathway scores (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Lower cerebral arterial perfusion in MS is associated with changes in neuroinflammatory/immunomodulation pathways and their respective proteomic biomarkers. These findings may suggest a relationship between the hypoperfusion and pro-inflammatory MS changes rather than being merely an epiphenomenon subsequent to lower energy demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Jakimovski
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | | | - Murali Ramanathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael G Dwyer
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Niels Bergsland
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marr
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs Comprehensive MS Treatment and Research Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at the Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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2
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Fazazi MR, Doss PMIA, Pereira R, Fudge N, Regmi A, Joly-Beauparlant C, Akbar I, Yeola AP, Mailhot B, Baillargeon J, Grenier P, Bertrand N, Lacroix S, Droit A, Moore CS, Rojas OL, Rangachari M. Myelin-reactive B cells exacerbate CD4 + T cell-driven CNS autoimmunity in an IL-23-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5404. [PMID: 38926356 PMCID: PMC11208426 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
B cells and T cells collaborate in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. IgH[MOG] mice possess a B cell repertoire skewed to recognize myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Here, we show that upon immunization with the T cell-obligate autoantigen, MOG[35-55], IgH[MOG] mice develop rapid and exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) relative to wildtype (WT) counterparts, characterized by aggregation of T and B cells in the IgH[MOG] meninges and by CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells in the CNS. Production of the Th17 maintenance factor IL-23 is observed from IgH[MOG] CNS-infiltrating and meningeal B cells, and in vivo blockade of IL-23p19 attenuates disease severity in IgH[MOG] mice. In the CNS parenchyma and dura mater of IgH[MOG] mice, we observe an increased frequency of CD4+PD-1+CXCR5- T cells that share numerous characteristics with the recently described T peripheral helper (Tph) cell subset. Further, CNS-infiltrating B and Tph cells from IgH[MOG] mice show increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Meningeal inflammation, Tph-like cell accumulation in the CNS and B/Tph cell production of ROS were all reduced upon p19 blockade. Altogether, MOG-specific B cells promote autoimmune inflammation of the CNS parenchyma and meninges in an IL-23-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Reda Fazazi
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Prenitha Mercy Ignatius Arokia Doss
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Resel Pereira
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, M5T 0S8, ON, Canada
| | - Neva Fudge
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Aryan Regmi
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, M5T 0S8, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada
| | - Charles Joly-Beauparlant
- axe Endocrinologie et nephrologie, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Irshad Akbar
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Asmita Pradeep Yeola
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Mailhot
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Joanie Baillargeon
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Grenier
- axe Endocrinologie et nephrologie, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bertrand
- axe Endocrinologie et nephrologie, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Steve Lacroix
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- axe Endocrinologie et nephrologie, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Craig S Moore
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Olga L Rojas
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, M5T 0S8, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, ON, Canada
| | - Manu Rangachari
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boul Laurier, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
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Ouyang Y, Chen Y, Chen K, Tang Z, Shi G, Qu C, Zhang K, Yang H. Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis reveal novel drug targets for myasthenia gravis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:43. [PMID: 38659056 PMCID: PMC11040902 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction with limited drug options, but the field of MG treatment recently benefits from novel biological agents. We performed a drug-targeted Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify novel therapeutic targets of MG. METHODS Cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTL), which proxy expression levels for 2176 druggable genes, were used for MR analysis. Causal relationships between genes and disease, identified by eQTL MR analysis, were verified by comprehensive sensitivity, colocalization, and protein quantitative loci (pQTL) MR analyses. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was also performed to extend targets, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to explore the serum level of drug targets in MG patients. A phenome-wide MR analysis was then performed to assess side effects with a clinical trial review assessing druggability. RESULTS The eQTL MR analysis has identified eight potential targets for MG, one for early-onset MG and seven for late-onset MG. Further colocalization analyses indicated that CD226, CDC42BPB, PRSS36, and TNFSF12 possess evidence for colocalization with MG or late-onset MG. pQTL MR analyses identified the causal relations of TNFSF12 and CD226 with MG and late-onset MG. Furthermore, PPI analysis has revealed the protein interaction between TNFSF12-TNFSF13(APRIL) and TNFSF12-TNFSF13B(BLyS). Elevated TNFSF13 serum level of MG patients was also identified by ELISA experiments. This study has ultimately proposed three promising therapeutic targets (TNFSF12, TNFSF13, TNFSF13B) of MG. CONCLUSIONS Three drug targets associated with the BLyS/APRIL pathway have been identified. Multiple biological agents, including telitacicept and belimumab, are promising for MG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Kangzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenwei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310013, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanzhong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Chunrun Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
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Furman MJ, Meuth SG, Albrecht P, Dietrich M, Blum H, Mares J, Milo R, Hartung HP. B cell targeted therapies in inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129906. [PMID: 36969208 PMCID: PMC10034856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence along several lines indicates that B cells play an important role in the pathological course of multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitisoptica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and related CNS diseases. This has prompted extensive research in exploring the utility of targeting B cells to contain disease activity in these disorders. In this review, we first recapitulate the development of B cells from their origin in the bone marrow to their migration to the periphery, including the expression of therapy-relevant surface immunoglobulin isotypes. Not only the ability of B cells to produce cytokines and immunoglobulins seems to be essential in driving neuroinflammation, but also their regulatory functions strongly impact pathobiology. We then critically assess studies of B cell depleting therapies, including CD20 and CD19 targeting monoclonal antibodies, as well as the new class of B cell modulating substances, Bruton´s tyrosinekinase (BTK) inhibitors, in MS, NMOSD and MOGAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz J. Furman
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Maria Hilf Clinic, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - Michael Dietrich
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heike Blum
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Mares
- Department of Neurology, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ron Milo
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Brain and Mind Center, Medical Faculty, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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5
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Ho S, Oswald E, Wong HK, Vural A, Yilmaz V, Tüzün E, Türkoğlu R, Straub T, Meinl I, Thaler F, Kümpfel T, Meinl E, Mader S. Ocrelizumab Treatment Modulates B-Cell Regulating Factors in Multiple Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2023; 10:e200083. [PMID: 36702538 PMCID: PMC9880874 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Antibodies to CD20 efficiently reduce new relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), and ocrelizumab has been shown to be effective also in primary progressive MS. Although anti-CD20 treatments efficiently deplete B cells in blood, some B cells and CD20- plasma cells persist in lymphatic organs and the inflamed CNS; their survival is regulated by the B cell-activating factor (BAFF)/A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) system. The administration of a soluble receptor for BAFF and APRIL, atacicept, unexpectedly worsened MS. Here, we explored the long-term effects of ocrelizumab on immune cell subsets as well as on cytokines and endogenous soluble receptors comprising the BAFF-APRIL system. METHODS We analyzed immune cell subsets and B cell-regulating factors longitudinally for up to 2.5 years in patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab. In a second cohort, we determined B-cell regulatory factors in the CSF before and after ocrelizumab. We quantified the cytokines BAFF and APRIL along with their endogenous soluble receptors soluble B-cell maturation antigen (sBCMA) and soluble transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML) interactor (sTACI) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). In addition, we established an in-house ELISA to measure sTACI-BAFF complexes. RESULTS Ocrelizumab treatment of people with MS persistently depleted B cells and CD20+ T cells. This treatment enhanced BAFF and reduced the free endogenous soluble receptor and decoy sTACI in both serum and CSF. Levels of sTACI negatively correlated with BAFF levels. Reduction of sTACI was associated with formation of sTACI-BAFF complexes. DISCUSSION We describe a novel effect of anti-CD20 therapy on the BAFF-APRIL system, namely reduction of sTACI. Because sTACI is a decoy for APRIL, its reduction may enhance local APRIL activity, thereby promoting regulatory IgA+ plasma cells and astrocytic interleukin (IL)-10 production. Thus, reducing sTACI might contribute to the beneficial effect of anti-CD20 as exogenous sTACI (atacicept) worsened MS. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class IV evidence that endogenous sTACI in blood and CSF is decreased after ocrelizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ho
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Eva Oswald
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Hoi Kiu Wong
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Atay Vural
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Vuslat Yilmaz
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Erdem Tüzün
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Recai Türkoğlu
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Ingrid Meinl
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Franziska Thaler
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany
| | - Edgar Meinl
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany.
| | - Simone Mader
- From the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (S.H., E.O., H.K.W., A.V., I.M., F.T., T.K., E.M., S.M.), Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (S.H.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.V.), Koc University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience (V.Y., E.T.), Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University; Department of Neurology (R.T.), Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye; Core Facility Bioinformatics (T.S.), Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (F.T.), Germany.
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6
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Kumar G, Axtell RC. Dual Role of B Cells in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2336. [PMID: 36768658 PMCID: PMC9916779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells have emerged as an important immune cell type that can be targeted for therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). Depleting B cells with anti-CD20 antibodies is effective in treating MS. Yet, atacicept treatment, which blocks B-cell Activating Factor (BAFF) and A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL), two cytokines important for B cell development and function, paradoxically increases disease activity in MS patients. The reason behind the failure of atacicept is not well understood. The stark differences in clinical outcomes with these therapies demonstrate that B cells have both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions in MS. In this review, we summarize the importance of B cells in MS and discuss the different B cell subsets that perform inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions and how therapies modulate B cell functions in MS patients. Additionally, we discuss the potential anti-inflammatory functions of BAFF and APRIL on MS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert C. Axtell
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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7
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Giovannini D, Belbezier A, Baillet A, Bouillet L, Kawano M, Dumestre-Perard C, Clavarino G, Noble J, Pers JO, Sturm N, Huard B. Heterogeneity of antibody-secreting cells infiltrating autoimmune tissues. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1111366. [PMID: 36895558 PMCID: PMC9989216 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The humoral response is frequently dysfunctioning in autoimmunity with a frequent rise in total serum immunoglobulins, among which are found autoantibodies that may be pathogenic by themselves and/or propagate the inflammatory reaction. The infiltration of autoimmune tissues by antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) constitutes another dysfunction. The known high dependency of ASCs on the microenvironment to survive combined to the high diversity of infiltrated tissues implies that ASCs must adapt. Some tissues even within a single clinical autoimmune entity are devoid of infiltration. The latter means that either the tissue is not permissive or ASCs fail to adapt. The origin of infiltrated ASCs is also variable. Indeed, ASCs may be commonly generated in the secondary lymphoid organ draining the autoimmune tissue, and home at the inflammation site under the guidance of specific chemokines. Alternatively, ASCs may be generated locally, when ectopic germinal centers are formed in the autoimmune tissue. Alloimmune tissues with the example of kidney transplantation will also be discussed own to their high similarity with autoimmune tissues. It should also be noted that antibody production is not the only function of ASCs, since cells with regulatory functions have also been described. This article will review all the phenotypic variations indicative of tissue adaptation described so for at the level of ASC-infiltrating auto/alloimmune tissues. The aim is to potentially define tissue-specific molecular targets in ASCs to improve the specificity of future autoimmune treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Giovannini
- Department of Pathology, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Aude Belbezier
- Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Athan Baillet
- Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France.,Department of Rheumatology, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Bouillet
- Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawano
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Johan Noble
- Department of Nephrology, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- B Lymphocytes, Autoimmunity and Immunotherapies, Brest University, INSERM, UMR1227, Brest, France.,Odontology Unit, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Department of Pathology, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Bertrand Huard
- Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group (TRAIG), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC), University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS Unité mixte de recherche (UMR) 5525, Grenoble, France
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8
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Boussamet L, Rajoka MSR, Berthelot L. Microbiota, IgA and Multiple Sclerosis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030617. [PMID: 35336190 PMCID: PMC8954136 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease characterized by immune cell infiltration in the central nervous system and destruction of myelin sheaths. Alterations of gut bacteria abundances are present in MS patients. In mouse models of neuroinflammation, depletion of microbiota results in amelioration of symptoms, and gavage with MS patient microbiota exacerbates the disease and inflammation via Th17 cells. On the other hand, depletion of B cells using anti-CD20 is an efficient therapy in MS, and growing evidence shows an important deleterious role of B cells in MS pathology. However, the failure of TACI-Ig treatment in MS highlighted the potential regulatory role of plasma cells. The mechanism was recently demonstrated involving IgA+ plasma cells, specific for gut microbiota and producing IL-10. IgA-coated bacteria in MS patient gut exhibit also modifications. We will focus our review on IgA interactions with gut microbiota and IgA+ B cells in MS. These recent data emphasize new pathways of neuroinflammation regulation in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Boussamet
- Centre for Research in Transplantation and Translation Immunology, Nantes Université, Inserm, CR2TI UMR, 1064 Nantes, France;
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan;
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Centre for Research in Transplantation and Translation Immunology, Nantes Université, Inserm, CR2TI UMR, 1064 Nantes, France;
- Correspondence:
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9
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Werneburg GT, Keslar KS, Gotwald P, Doolittle J, Vij SC, Lee BH, Shoskes DA. Neuroinflammatory gene expression analysis reveals potential novel mediators and treatment targets in interstitial cystitis with Hunner lesions. Transl Androl Urol 2022; 10:4100-4109. [PMID: 34984176 PMCID: PMC8661250 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We sought to study differential neuroinflammatory gene expression in men with interstitial cystitis (IC) with Hunner lesions compared with asymptomatic controls using NanoString, which uses barcoded probes to measure hundreds of genes. IC is a heterogenous condition lacking reliable biomarkers, and a subset of patients exhibits Hunner lesions, implicating the bladder as an inflammatory pain generator. Methods Blood, urine, and bladder biopsies were collected from 6 men with IC and Hunner lesions. 7 asymptomatic controls had blood and urine collected and 2 benign bladder biopsies were obtained from our tissue bank. RNA was isolated and analyzed with NanoString Human Neuroinflammation panel. Gene expression was considered significant if there was a >1.5-fold change and adjusted P value <0.05 compared with controls. Results Mean patient age was 61.5 years with 8 years median symptom duration. In bladder tissue, while many cytokine and chemokine genes had higher expression as expected (e.g., TNF, CXCL10), other significant genes included TRPA1 (1098-fold increased, expressed in pain sensing neurons) and TNFRSF17 (735-fold, B-cell related). In urine, there was 114-fold increase in S1PR4, which mediates pain via TRP-dependent pathways. A patient on cyclosporine had lower inflammatory gene expression levels relative to other IC patients, but no difference in TRPA1. Conclusions Men with IC and Hunner lesions have a diverse set of neuroinflammatory genes with differential expression compared to controls. We identified genes linked to neuropathic pain through the TRP pathway and this expression was not reduced by cyclosporine. These findings open a new direction for biomarker and therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn T Werneburg
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Karen S Keslar
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paige Gotwald
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Johnathan Doolittle
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah C Vij
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Byron H Lee
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniel A Shoskes
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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