1
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Yang D, Liang H, Zhu X, Li B, Li C, Hu G, Du X, Dang G, Song Y, Ma X, Zhang P, Chen T, Liu B, Yan L, Pan CS, Sun K, Huo X, Feng Y, Wang X, Ai D, Han JY, Feng J. Farnesoid X Receptor Protects Murine Lung against IL-6-promoted Ferroptosis Induced by Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:364-378. [PMID: 38300138 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0172oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Various infections trigger a storm of proinflammatory cytokines in which IL-6 acts as a major contributor and leads to diffuse alveolar damage in patients. However, the metabolic regulatory mechanisms of IL-6 in lung injury remain unclear. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] activates pattern recognition receptors involved in viral sensing and is widely used in alternative animal models of RNA virus-infected lung injury. In this study, intratracheal instillation of poly(I:C) with or without an IL-6-neutralizing antibody model was combined with metabonomics, transcriptomics, and so forth to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of IL-6-exacerbated lung injury. We found that poly(I:C) increased the IL-6 concentration, and the upregulated IL-6 further induced lung ferroptosis, especially in alveolar epithelial type II cells. Meanwhile, lung regeneration was impaired. Mechanistically, metabolomic analysis showed that poly(I:C) significantly decreased glycolytic metabolites and increased bile acid intermediate metabolites that inhibited the bile acid nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which could be reversed by IL-6-neutralizing antibody. In the ferroptosis microenvironment, IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody tocilizumab increased FXR expression and subsequently increased the Yes-associated protein (YAP) concentration by enhancing PKM2 in A549 cells. FXR agonist GW4064 and liquiritin, a potential natural herbal ingredient as an FXR regulator, significantly attenuated lung tissue inflammation and ferroptosis while promoting pulmonary regeneration. Together, the findings of the present study provide the evidence that IL-6 promotes ferroptosis and impairs regeneration of alveolar epithelial type II cells during poly(I:C)-induced murine lung injury by regulating the FXR-PKM2-YAP axis. Targeting FXR represents a promising therapeutic strategy for IL-6-associated inflammatory lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Yang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbiao Liang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangrui Zhu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bochuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Guizimeng Hu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Dang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Song
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Chen
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmei Huo
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmei Feng
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Ai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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2
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Liu D, Xu C, Jiang L, Zhu X. Pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell subpopulation: Physiology, pathogenesis, and progress. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:38-51. [PMID: 36789358 PMCID: PMC9924023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lungs are structurally and functionally complex organs consisting of diverse cell types from the proximal to distal axis. They have direct contact with the external environment and are constantly at risk of various injuries. Capable to proliferate and differentiate, pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cells contribute to the maintenance of lung structure and function both under homeostasis and following injuries. Discovering candidate pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell types and underlying regenerative mechanisms provide insights into therapeutic strategy development for lung diseases. In this review, we reveal their compositions, roles in lung disease pathogenesis and injury repair, and the underlying mechanisms. We further underline the advanced progress in research approach and potential therapy for lung regeneration. We also demonstrate the feasibility and prospects of pulmonary endogenous stem cell transplantation for lung disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chufan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Xu Z, Wang X, Fan L, Wang F, Lin B, Wang J, Trevejo-Nuñez G, Chen W, Chen K. Integrative analysis of spatial transcriptome with single-cell transcriptome and single-cell epigenome in mouse lungs after immunization. iScience 2022; 25:104900. [PMID: 36039299 PMCID: PMC9418911 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding lung immunity requires an unbiased profiling of tissue-resident T cells at their precise anatomical locations within the lung, but such information has not been characterized in the immunized mouse model. In this pilot study, using 10x Genomics Chromium and Visium platform, we performed an integrative analysis of spatial transcriptome with single-cell RNA-seq and single-cell ATAC-seq on lung cells from mice after immunization using a well-established Klebsiella pneumoniae infection model. We built an optimized deconvolution pipeline to accurately decipher specific cell-type compositions by anatomic location. We discovered that combining scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq data may provide more robust cell-type identification, especially for lineage-specific T helper cells. Combining all three modalities, we observed a dynamic change in the location of T helper cells as well as their corresponding chemokines. In summary, our proof-of-principle study demonstrated the power and potential of single-cell multi-omics analysis to uncover spatial- and cell-type-dependent mechanisms of lung immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fujing Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Becky Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jiebiao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kong Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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4
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Kumar A, Elko E, Bruno SR, Mark ZF, Chamberlain N, Mihavics BK, Chandrasekaran R, Walzer J, Ruban M, Gold C, Lam YW, Ghandikota S, Jegga AG, Gomez JL, Janssen-Heininger YM, Anathy V. Inhibition of PDIA3 in club cells attenuates osteopontin production and lung fibrosis. Thorax 2022; 77:669-678. [PMID: 34400514 PMCID: PMC8847543 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of club cells in the pathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is not well understood. Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3), an endoplasmic reticulum-based redox chaperone required for the functions of various fibrosis-related proteins; however, the mechanisms of action of PDIA3 in pulmonary fibrosis are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES To examine the role of club cells and PDIA3 in the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis and the therapeutic potential of inhibition of PDIA3 in lung fibrosis. METHODS Role of PDIA3 and aberrant club cells in lung fibrosis was studied by analyses of human transcriptome dataset from Lung Genomics Research Consortium, other public resources, the specific deletion or inhibition of PDIA3 in club cells and blocking SPP1 downstream of PDIA3 in mice. RESULTS PDIA3 and club cell secretory protein (SCGB1A1) signatures are upregulated in IPF compared with control patients. PDIA3 or SCGB1A1 increases also correlate with a decrease in lung function in patients with IPF. The bleomycin (BLM) model of lung fibrosis showed increases in PDIA3 in SCGB1A1 cells in the lung parenchyma. Ablation of Pdia3, specifically in SCGB1A1 cells, decreases parenchymal SCGB1A1 cells along with fibrosis in mice. The administration of a PDI inhibitor LOC14 reversed the BLM-induced parenchymal SCGB1A1 cells and fibrosis in mice. Evaluation of PDIA3 partners revealed that SPP1 is a major interactor in fibrosis. Blocking SPP1 attenuated the development of lung fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a new relationship with distally localised club cells, PDIA3 and SPP1 in lung fibrosis and inhibition of PDIA3 or SPP1 attenuates lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sierra R Bruno
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Zoe F Mark
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nicolas Chamberlain
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Ravishankar Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Joseph Walzer
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Mona Ruban
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Clarissa Gold
- Department of Biology & Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Ying Wai Lam
- Department of Biology & Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Vikas Anathy
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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5
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NR4A1 Promotes LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of Opa1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion and Activation of PGAM5-Related Necroptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6638244. [PMID: 35222801 PMCID: PMC8881136 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6638244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and necroptosis have been perceived as the primary molecular mechanisms underscoring acute lung injury. Meanwhile, nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) is considered a regulator of inflammation-related endothelial injury in lung tissue although the downstream molecular events remain elusive. In this study, we employed NR4A1-/- mice to decipher the role of NR4A1 in the onset and progression of acute lung injury with a focus on mitochondrial damage and necroptosis. Our results demonstrated that NR4A1 was significantly upregulated in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated lung tissues. Knockout of NR4A1 overtly improved lung tissue morphology, inhibited inflammation, and reduced oxidative stress in LPS-treated lung tissue. A cell signaling study suggested that NR4A1 deletion repressed levels of PGAM5 and attenuated LPS-mediated necroptosis in primary murine alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells, the effects of which were mitigated by PGAM5 overexpression. Moreover, LPS-mediated mitochondrial injury including mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and mitochondrial oxidative stress was drastically improved by NR4A1 deletion. Furthermore, NR4A1 deletion preserved mitochondrial homeostasis through activation of Opa1-related mitochondrial fusion. Silencing of Opa1 triggered mitochondrial dysfunction in NR4A1-deleted ATII cells. Taken together, our data identified NR4A1 as a novel regulator of LPS-related acute lung injury through regulation of mitochondrial fusion and necroptosis, indicating therapeutic promises of targeting NR4A1 in the treatment of acute lung injury in clinical practice.
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6
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Qiao G, Wu A, Chen X, Tian Y, Lin X. Enolase 1, a Moonlighting Protein, as a Potential Target for Cancer Treatment. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3981-3992. [PMID: 34671213 PMCID: PMC8495383 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.63556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enolase 1 (ENO1) is a moonlighting protein, function as a glycolysis enzyme, a plasminogen receptor and a DNA binding protein. ENO1 play an important role in the process of cancer development. The transcription, translation, post-translational modifying activities and the immunoregulatory role of ENO1 at the cancer development is receiving increasing attention. Some function model studies have shown that ENO1 is a potential target for cancer treatment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the characterization, function, related transduction cascades of ENO1 and its roles in the pathophysiology of cancers, which is a consequence of ENO1 signaling dysregulation. And the development of novels anticancer agents that targets ENO1 may provide a more attractive option for the treatment of cancers. The data of sarcoma and functional cancer models indicates that ENO1 may become a new potential target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China (Q.G, ).,School of Pharmacy, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Drugability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.,Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoliang Chen
- Schools of Medicine; Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, 037009, China
| | - Ye Tian
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- College of Life Sci., Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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7
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Costa R, Wagner DE, Doryab A, De Santis MM, Schorpp K, Rothenaigner I, Lehmann M, Baarsma HA, Liu X, Schmid O, Campillos M, Yildirim AÖ, Hadian K, Königshoff M. A drug screen with approved compounds identifies amlexanox as a novel Wnt/β-catenin activator inducing lung epithelial organoid formation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4026-4041. [PMID: 34089180 PMCID: PMC8965750 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Emphysema is an incurable disease characterized by loss of lung tissue leading to impaired gas exchange. Wnt/β-catenin signalling is reduced in emphysema, and exogenous activation of the pathway in experimental models in vivo and in human ex vivo lung tissue improves lung function and structure. We sought to identify a pharmaceutical able to activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling and assess its potential to activate lung epithelial cells and repair. Experimental Approach: We screened 1216 human-approved compounds for Wnt/β-catenin signalling activation using luciferase reporter cells and selected candidates based on their computationally predicted protein targets. We further performed confirmatory luciferase reporter and metabolic activity assays. Finally, we studied the regenerative potential in murine adult epithelial cell-derived lung organoids and in vivo using a murine elastase-induced emphysema model. Key Results: The primary screen identified 16 compounds that significantly induced Wnt/β-catenin-dependent luciferase activity. Selected compounds activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling without inducing cell toxicity or proliferation. Two compounds were able to promote organoid formation, which was reversed by pharmacological Wnt/β-catenin inhibition, confirming the Wnt/β-catenin-dependent mechanism of action. Amlexanox was used for in vivo evaluation, and preventive treatment resulted in improved lung function and structure in emphysematous mouse lungs. Moreover, gene expression of Hgf, an important alveolar repair marker, was increased, whereas disease marker Eln was decreased, indicating that amlexanox induces proregenerative signalling in emphysema. Conclusion and Implications: Using a drug screen based on Wnt/β-catenin activity, organoid assays and a murine emphysema model, amlexanox was identified as a novel potential therapeutic agent for emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Costa
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ali Doryab
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Martina M De Santis
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenji Schorpp
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina Rothenaigner
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xueping Liu
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Monica Campillos
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Immunopathology of COPD, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kamyar Hadian
- Assay Development and Screening Platform, Institute for Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University Hospital Großhadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Ianni A, Hofmann M, Kumari P, Tarighi S, Al-Tamari HM, Görgens A, Giebel B, Nolte H, Krüger M, Salwig I, Pullamsetti SS, Günther A, Schneider A, Braun T. Depletion of Numb and Numblike in Murine Lung Epithelial Cells Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis by Inhibiting the β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639162. [PMID: 34124033 PMCID: PMC8187792 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents the most aggressive form of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and is a highly debilitating disorder with a poorly understood etiology. The lung epithelium seems to play a critical role in the initiation and progression of the disease. A repeated injury of lung epithelial cells prompts type II alveolar cells to secrete pro-fibrotic cytokines, which induces differentiation of resident mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblasts, thus promoting aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and formation of fibrotic lesions. Reactivation of developmental pathways such as the Wnt-β-catenin signaling cascade in lung epithelial cells plays a critical role in this process, but the underlying mechanisms are still enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the membrane-associated protein NUMB is required for pathological activation of β-catenin signaling in lung epithelial cells following bleomycin-induced injury. Importantly, depletion of Numb and Numblike reduces accumulation of fibrotic lesions, preserves lung functions, and increases survival rates after bleomycin treatment of mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that NUMB interacts with casein kinase 2 (CK2) and relies on CK2 to activate β-catenin signaling. We propose that pharmacological inhibition of NUMB signaling may represent an effective strategy for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ianni
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Michael Hofmann
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shahriar Tarighi
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hamza M Al-Tamari
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD)-Cluster of Excellence, Köln, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD)-Cluster of Excellence, Köln, Germany
| | - Isabelle Salwig
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - André Schneider
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
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9
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Conlon TM, John-Schuster G, Heide D, Pfister D, Lehmann M, Hu Y, Ertüz Z, Lopez MA, Ansari M, Strunz M, Mayr C, Angelidis I, Ciminieri C, Costa R, Kohlhepp MS, Guillot A, Günes G, Jeridi A, Funk MC, Beroshvili G, Prokosch S, Hetzer J, Verleden SE, Alsafadi H, Lindner M, Burgstaller G, Becker L, Irmler M, Dudek M, Janzen J, Goffin E, Gosens R, Knolle P, Pirotte B, Stoeger T, Beckers J, Wagner D, Singh I, Theis FJ, de Angelis MH, O'Connor T, Tacke F, Boutros M, Dejardin E, Eickelberg O, Schiller HB, Königshoff M, Heikenwalder M, Yildirim AÖ. Inhibition of LTβR signalling activates WNT-induced regeneration in lung. Nature 2020; 588:151-156. [PMID: 33149305 PMCID: PMC7718297 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lymphotoxin β-receptor (LTβR) signalling promotes lymphoid neogenesis and the development of tertiary lymphoid structures1,2, which are associated with severe chronic inflammatory diseases that span several organ systems3-6. How LTβR signalling drives chronic tissue damage particularly in the lung, the mechanism(s) that regulate this process, and whether LTβR blockade might be of therapeutic value have remained unclear. Here we demonstrate increased expression of LTβR ligands in adaptive and innate immune cells, enhanced non-canonical NF-κB signalling, and enriched LTβR target gene expression in lung epithelial cells from patients with smoking-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and from mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke. Therapeutic inhibition of LTβR signalling in young and aged mice disrupted smoking-related inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, induced regeneration of lung tissue, and reverted airway fibrosis and systemic muscle wasting. Mechanistically, blockade of LTβR signalling dampened epithelial non-canonical activation of NF-κB, reduced TGFβ signalling in airways, and induced regeneration by preventing epithelial cell death and activating WNT/β-catenin signalling in alveolar epithelial progenitor cells. These findings suggest that inhibition of LTβR signalling represents a viable therapeutic option that combines prevention of tertiary lymphoid structures1 and inhibition of apoptosis with tissue-regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Conlon
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerrit John-Schuster
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Danijela Heide
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pfister
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Lung Repair and Regeneration Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Yan Hu
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Zeynep Ertüz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin A Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Computional Biology (ICB), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Strunz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayr
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Ciminieri
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Costa
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Lung Repair and Regeneration Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Marlene Sophia Kohlhepp
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrien Guillot
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gizem Günes
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aicha Jeridi
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maja C Funk
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giorgi Beroshvili
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Prokosch
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Hetzer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hani Alsafadi
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Lung Repair and Regeneration Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Lindner
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Translational Lung Research and CPC-M bioArchive, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Dudek
- Institute of Molecular Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob Janzen
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
- Emmy Noether Research Group Epigenetic Machineries and Cancer, Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Goffin
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Percy Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darcy Wagner
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Lung Repair and Regeneration Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Indrabahadur Singh
- Emmy Noether Research Group Epigenetic Machineries and Cancer, Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computional Biology (ICB), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Tracy O'Connor
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim & BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Dejardin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Lung Repair and Regeneration Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Neuherberg, Germany.
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10
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Weber J, Rajan S, Schremmer C, Chao YK, Krasteva-Christ G, Kannler M, Yildirim AÖ, Brosien M, Schredelseker J, Weissmann N, Grimm C, Gudermann T, Dietrich A. TRPV4 channels are essential for alveolar epithelial barrier function as protection from lung edema. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134464. [PMID: 32931478 PMCID: PMC7605532 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion-induced edema (IRE), one of the most significant causes of mortality after lung transplantation, can be mimicked ex vivo in isolated perfused mouse lungs (IPL). Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a nonselective cation channel studied in endothelium; however, its role in the lung epithelium remains elusive. Here, we show enhanced IRE in TRPV4-deficient (TRPV4–/–) IPL compared with that of WT controls, indicating a protective role of TRPV4 in maintenance of the alveolar epithelial barrier. By immunohistochemistry, mRNA profiling, and electrophysiological characterization, we detected TRPV4 in bronchial epithelium, alveolar epithelial type I (ATI), and alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells. Genetic ablation of TRPV4 resulted in reduced expression of the water-conducting aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) channel in ATI cells. Migration of TRPV4–/– ATI cells was reduced, and cell barrier function was impaired. Analysis of isolated primary TRPV4–/– ATII cells revealed a reduced expression of surfactant protein C, and the TRPV4 activator GSK1016790A induced increases in current densities only in WT ATII cells. Moreover, TRPV4–/– lungs of adult mice developed significantly larger mean chord lengths and altered lung function compared with WT lungs. Therefore, our data illustrate essential functions of TRPV4 channels in alveolar epithelial cells and in protection from edema formation. TRPV4, a non-selective cation channel, is essential for alveolar epithelial function and protects from ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Weber
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Suhasini Rajan
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Christian Schremmer
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Yu-Kai Chao
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kannler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, a member of the DZL, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Brosien
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, a member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Johann Schredelseker
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, a member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Grimm
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich Germany
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11
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Pirfenidone alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by accentuating BAP31 regulation of ER stress and mitochondrial injury. J Autoimmun 2020; 112:102464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Wen J, Ma Z, Livingston MJ, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Guo C, Liu Y, Fu P, Dong Z. Decreased secretion and profibrotic activity of tubular exosomes in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F664-F673. [PMID: 32715764 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00292.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubular changes contribute to the development of renal pathologies in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), including interstitial fibrosis. It is unclear how tubular cells relay signals to interstitial fibroblasts. Recently, exosomes have been recognized as crucial mediators of intercellular communication. We hypothesized that exosomes secreted from tubular cells may stimulate fibroblasts for interstitial fibrosis in DKD. In this study, we isolated and purified exosomes from the renal cortex of DKD mice and high glucose-treated mouse proximal tubular cells. Compared with nondiabetic mice, exosome secretion in kidney tissues decreased in DKD mice. Likewise, high glucose incubation reduced exosome secretion in mouse kidney proximal tubular BUMPT cells. To study the effect of tubular cell exosomes on fibroblasts, exosomes from BUMPT cells were added to renal fibroblast NRK-49F cell cultures. Notably, exosomes from high glucose conditioned BUMPT cells induced higher proliferation, significant morphological change, and substantial production of fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen type Ι in NRK-49F fibroblasts. Proteomics analysis was further performed to profile the proteins within tubular cell exosomes. Interestingly, 22 proteins were found to be differentially expressed between tubular exosomes derived from high glucose conditioned cells and those from normal glucose conditioned cells. Cytoscape analysis suggested the existence of two protein-protein interaction networks in these exosomal differentially expressed proteins. While one of the protein-protein interaction networks comprised enolase 1 (Eno1), heat shock protein family A member 8 (Hspa8), thioredoxin 1 (Txn1), peptidylprolyl isomerase A (Ppia), phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1), DNA topoisomerase II-β (Top2b), and β-actin (Actb), the other had the family proteins of human leucocyte antigen F (Ywhag), a component of the ND10 nuclear body (Ywhae), interferon regulatory factor-8 (Ywhaq), and human leucocyte antigen A (Ywhaz). Gene expression analysis via Nephroseq showed a correlation of Eno1 expression with DKD clinical manifestation. In conclusion, DKD is associated with a decrease in exosome secretion in renal tubular cells. Exosomes from high glucose conditioned tubular cells may regulate the proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, contributing to the paracrine signaling mechanism responsible for the pathological onset of renal interstitial fibrosis in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wen
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Zhengwei Ma
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Man J Livingston
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Chunyuan Guo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ping Fu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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13
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Strunz M, Simon LM, Ansari M, Kathiriya JJ, Angelidis I, Mayr CH, Tsidiridis G, Lange M, Mattner LF, Yee M, Ogar P, Sengupta A, Kukhtevich I, Schneider R, Zhao Z, Voss C, Stoeger T, Neumann JHL, Hilgendorff A, Behr J, O'Reilly M, Lehmann M, Burgstaller G, Königshoff M, Chapman HA, Theis FJ, Schiller HB. Alveolar regeneration through a Krt8+ transitional stem cell state that persists in human lung fibrosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3559. [PMID: 32678092 PMCID: PMC7366678 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell type specific sequences of transcriptional programs during lung regeneration have remained elusive. Using time-series single cell RNA-seq of the bleomycin lung injury model, we resolved transcriptional dynamics for 28 cell types. Trajectory modeling together with lineage tracing revealed that airway and alveolar stem cells converge on a unique Krt8 + transitional stem cell state during alveolar regeneration. These cells have squamous morphology, feature p53 and NFkB activation and display transcriptional features of cellular senescence. The Krt8+ state appears in several independent models of lung injury and persists in human lung fibrosis, creating a distinct cell-cell communication network with mesenchyme and macrophages during repair. We generated a model of gene regulatory programs leading to Krt8+ transitional cells and their terminal differentiation to alveolar type-1 cells. We propose that in lung fibrosis, perturbed molecular checkpoints on the way to terminal differentiation can cause aberrant persistence of regenerative intermediate stem cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Strunz
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas M Simon
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaymin J Kathiriya
- Biomedical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph H Mayr
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - George Tsidiridis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marius Lange
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura F Mattner
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Min Yee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Paulina Ogar
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Kukhtevich
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Schneider
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carola Voss
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens H L Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care (CDeCLMU), Department of Neonatology, Perinatal Center Grosshadern, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken in Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- University of Colorado, Department of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Biomedical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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14
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Wu Y, Guan S, Ge Y, Yang Y, Cao Y, Zhou J. Cigarette smoke promotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through the miR-130a/Wnt1 axis. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104770. [PMID: 31935487 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a crucial factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Wnt/β-catenin signaling deregulation may further contribute to COPD progression. The deregulation and dysfunction of miRNAs in COPD have been reported. Investigating the deregulated miRNAs and their potential role in COPD progression may provide novel strategies for COPD treatment. In the present study, we analyzed significantly differentially-expressed miRNAs in COPD according to GSE44531 and miR-130a was selected. We revealed the upregulation of miR-130a in COPD, both in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated BEAS-2B cells and CS-exposed mice. MiR-130a negatively regulated three critical factors in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Wnt1, β-Catenin, and LEF1. MiR-130a inhibition rescued CSE-blocked activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro. MiR-130a targets WNT1 3'UTR to inhibit its expression. Moreover, in CSE-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, miR-130a overexpression aggravated, while miR-130a inhibition partially attenuated CSE-caused suppression on cell migration and proliferation. MiR-130a aggravates CSE-induced cellular injury in BEAS-2B cells by targeting Wnt signaling. In summary, miR-130a has a pathogenetic role in CS-induced COPD and regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling via targeting Wnt1. Our findings indicate that miR-130a is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CS-induced COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Wu
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Shuhong Guan
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Yunqi Ge
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliation Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China.
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15
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Castaldi A, Horie M, Rieger ME, Dubourd M, Sunohara M, Pandit K, Zhou B, Offringa IA, Marconett CN, Borok Z. Genome-wide integration of microRNA and transcriptomic profiles of differentiating human alveolar epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L173-L184. [PMID: 32432919 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00519.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolar epithelium is comprised of two cell types, alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) cells, the latter being capable of self-renewal and transdifferentiation into AT1 cells for normal maintenance and restoration of epithelial integrity following injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of several biological processes, including cell differentiation; however, their role in establishment/maintenance of cellular identity in adult alveolar epithelium is not well understood. To investigate this question, we performed genome-wide analysis of sequential changes in miRNA and gene expression profiles using a well-established model in which human AT2 (hAT2) cells transdifferentiate into AT1-like cells over time in culture that recapitulates many aspects of transdifferentiation in vivo. We defined three phases of miRNA expression during the transdifferentiation process as "early," "late," and "consistently" changed, which were further subclassified as up- or downregulated. miRNAs with altered expression at all time points during transdifferentiation were the largest subgroup, suggesting the need for consistent regulation of signaling pathways to mediate this process. Target prediction analysis and integration with previously published gene expression data identified glucocorticoid signaling as the top pathway regulated by miRNAs. Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) emerged as a central regulatory factor, whose downregulation correlated temporally with gain of hsa-miR-424 and hsa-miR-503 expression. Functional validation demonstrated specific targeting of these miRNAs to the 3'-untranslated region of SGK1. These data demonstrate the time-related contribution of miRNAs to the alveolar transdifferentiation process and suggest that inhibition of glucocorticoid signaling is necessary to achieve the AT1-like cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Castaldi
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Megan E Rieger
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mickael Dubourd
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mitsuhiro Sunohara
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kusum Pandit
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Beiyun Zhou
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ite A Offringa
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Crystal N Marconett
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zea Borok
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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16
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Chamberlain N, Anathy V. Pathological consequences of the unfolded protein response and downstream protein disulphide isomerases in pulmonary viral infection and disease. J Biochem 2020; 167:173-184. [PMID: 31790139 PMCID: PMC6988748 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein folding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exists in a delicate balance; perturbations of this balance can overload the folding capacity of the ER and disruptions of ER homoeostasis is implicated in numerous diseases. The unfolded protein response (UPR), a complex adaptive stress response, attempts to restore normal proteostasis, in part, through the up-regulation of various foldases and chaperone proteins including redox-active protein disulphide isomerases (PDIs). There are currently over 20 members of the PDI family each consisting of varying numbers of thioredoxin-like domains which, generally, assist in oxidative folding and disulphide bond rearrangement of peptides. While there is a large amount of redundancy in client proteins of the various PDIs, the size of the family would indicate more nuanced roles for the individual PDIs. However, the role of individual PDIs in disease pathogenesis remains uncertain. The following review briefly discusses recent findings of ER stress, the UPR and the role of individual PDIs in various respiratory disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chamberlain
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 149 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 149 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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17
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Parimon T, Yao C, Stripp BR, Noble PW, Chen P. Alveolar Epithelial Type II Cells as Drivers of Lung Fibrosis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2269. [PMID: 32218238 PMCID: PMC7177323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
: Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2) are a heterogeneous population that have critical secretory and regenerative roles in the alveolus to maintain lung homeostasis. However, impairment to their normal functional capacity and development of a pro-fibrotic phenotype has been demonstrated to contribute to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A number of factors contribute to AT2 death and dysfunction. As a mucosal surface, AT2 cells are exposed to environmental stresses that can have lasting effects that contribute to fibrogenesis. Genetical risks have also been identified that can cause AT2 impairment and the development of lung fibrosis. Furthermore, aging is a final factor that adds to the pathogenic changes in AT2 cells. Here, we will discuss the homeostatic role of AT2 cells and the studies that have recently defined the heterogeneity of this population of cells. Furthermore, we will review the mechanisms of AT2 death and dysfunction in the context of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Parimon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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18
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Janssen-Heininger Y, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A, Anathy V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glutathione therapeutics in chronic lung diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101516. [PMID: 32249209 PMCID: PMC7251249 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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19
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Lehmann M, Hu Q, Hu Y, Hafner K, Costa R, van den Berg A, Königshoff M. Chronic WNT/β-catenin signaling induces cellular senescence in lung epithelial cells. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109588. [PMID: 32109549 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of the elderly population has led to the recent epidemic of age-related diseases, including increased incidence and mortality of chronic lung diseases, such as Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). Cellular senescence is a major hallmark of aging and has a higher occurrence in IPF. The lung epithelium represents a major site of tissue injury, cellular senescence and aberrant activity of developmental pathways such as the WNT/β-catenin pathway in IPF. The potential impact of WNT/β-catenin signaling on alveolar epithelial senescence in general as well as in IPF, however, remains elusive. Here, we characterized alveolar epithelial cells of aged mice and assessed the contribution of chronic WNT/β-catenin signaling on alveolar epithelial type (AT) II cell senescence. Whole lungs from old (16-24 months) versus young (3 months) mice had relatively less epithelial (EpCAM+) but more inflammatory (CD45+) cells, as assessed by flow cytometry. Compared to young ATII cells, old ATII cells showed decreased expression of the ATII cell marker Surfactant Protein C along with increased expression of the ATI cell marker Hopx, accompanied by increased WNT/β-catenin activity. Notably, when placed in an organoid assay, old ATII cells exhibited decreased progenitor cell potential. Chronic canonical WNT/β-catenin activation for up to 7 days in primary ATII cells as well as alveolar epithelial cell lines induced a robust cellular senescence, whereas the non-canonical ligand WNT5A was not able to induce cellular senescence. Moreover, chronic WNT3A treatment of precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) further confirmed ATII cell senescence. Simultaneously, chronic but not acute WNT/β-catenin activation induced a profibrotic state with increased expression of the impaired ATII cell marker Keratin 8. These results suggest that chronic WNT/β-catenin activity in the IPF lung contributes to increased ATII cell senescence and reprogramming. In the fibrotic environment, WNT/β-catenin signaling thus might lead to further progenitor cell dysfunction and impaired lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Lehmann
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Qianjiang Hu
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Yan Hu
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Rita Costa
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Anastasia van den Berg
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich 81377, Germany; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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20
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Yin B, Chan CKW, Liu S, Hong H, Wong SHD, Lee LKC, Ho LWC, Zhang L, Leung KCF, Choi PCL, Bian L, Tian XY, Chan MN, Choi CHJ. Intrapulmonary Cellular-Level Distribution of Inhaled Nanoparticles with Defined Functional Groups and Its Correlations with Protein Corona and Inflammatory Response. ACS NANO 2019; 13:14048-14069. [PMID: 31725257 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the health risks associated with airborne exposure to ultrafine particles [PM0.1, or nanoparticles (NPs)] call for a comprehensive understanding in the interactions of inhaled NPs along their respiratory journey. We prepare a collection of polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles that bear defined functional groups commonly identified in atmospheric particulates (Au@PEG-X NPs, where X = OCH3, COOH, NH2, OH, or C12H25). Regardless of the functional group, these ∼50 nm NPs remain colloidally stable following aerosolization and incubation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), without pronouncedly crossing the air-blood barrier. The type of BALF proteins adhered onto the NPs is similar, but the composition of protein corona depends on functional group. By subjecting Balb/c mice to inhalation of Au@PEG-X NPs for 6 h, we demonstrate that the intrapulmonary distribution of NPs among the various types of cells (both found in BALF and isolated from the lavaged lung) and the acute inflammatory responses induced by inhalation are sensitive to the functional group of NPs and postinhalation period (0, 24, or 48 h). By evaluating the pairwise correlations between the three variables of "lung-nano" interactions (protein corona, intrapulmonary cellular-level distribution, and inflammatory response), we reveal strong statistical correlations between the (1) fractions of albumin or carbonyl reductase bound to NPs, (2) associations of inhaled NPs to neutrophils in BALF or macrophages in the lavaged lung, and (3) level of total protein in BALF. Our results provide insights into the effect of functional group on lung-nano interactions and health risks associated with inhalation of PM0.1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ken Cham-Fai Leung
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon , Hong Kong
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21
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Up-regulated ENO1 promotes the bladder cancer cell growth and proliferation via regulating β-catenin. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190503. [PMID: 31431517 PMCID: PMC6734116 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the ninth most common malignancy throughout the world. The molecular mechanisms of this disease remain largely unclear. The glycolytic enzyme enolase 1 (ENO1) has been shown to regulate the development of various cancers. However, the significance of ENO1 in BC is underdetermined. In this study, we found that ENO1 was highly expressed in BC tissues and cells. High expression of ENO1 was associated with the poor survival of BC patients. Using lentivirus-mediated knockdown and over-expression, we revealed that ENO1 was critical for the growth and proliferation of BC cells. ENO1 over-expression also promoted the proliferation of SV-HUC-1 cells. At the molecular level, the cell cycle and apoptosis related genes were regulated by ENO1. β-catenin expression was positively regulated by ENO1. Furthermore, ectopic expression of β-catenin reversed the effect of ENO1 knockdown on T24 cell proliferation and growth. Opposite results were observed in β-catenin knockdown T24 cells. Our findings suggested that ENO1 functioned as an oncogene in BC through regulating cell cycle, apoptosis and β-catenin. Targeting ENO1/β-catenin cascade may benefit for BC patients.
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22
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Wu Y, Qin YH, Liu Y, Zhu L, Zhao XX, Liu YY, Luo SW, Tang GS, Shen Q. Cardiac troponin I autoantibody induces myocardial dysfunction by PTEN signaling activation. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:329-340. [PMID: 31474552 PMCID: PMC6796505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the current study was to study the molecular mechanism(s) underlying cardiac troponin I autoantibody (cTnIAAb) binding to cardiomyocyte and resultant myocardial damage/dysfunction. Methods cTnIAAb was purified from serum of 10 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with left ventricular remodeling. Recombinant human cTnI was used to generate three mouse-derived monoclonal anti-cTnI antibodies (cTnImAb1, cTnImAb2, and cTnImAb3). The target proteins in cardiac myocyte membrane bound to cTnImAb and effect of cTnIAAb and cTnImAb on apoptosis and myocardial function were determined. Findings We found that cTnIAAb/cTnImAb1 directly bound to the cardiomyocyte membraneα-Enolase (ENO1) and triggered cell apoptosis via increased expression of ENO1 and Bax, decreased expression of Bcl2, subsequently activating Caspase8, Caspase 3, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) while inhibiting Akt activity. This cTnIAAb-ENO1-PTEN-Akt signaling axis contributed to increased myocardial apoptosis, myocardial collagen deposition, and impaired systolic dysfunction. Interpretation Results obtained in this study indicate that cTnIAAb is involved in the process of ventricular remodeling after myocardial injury. Fund The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant#: 81260026).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Outpatient Department, Changcheng Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330002, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang-Hua Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuxi First People Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, China
| | - Xian-Xian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yao-Yang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shi-Wen Luo
- Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Gu-Sheng Tang
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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23
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Parimon T, Yao C, Habiel DM, Ge L, Bora SA, Brauer R, Evans CM, Xie T, Alonso-Valenteen F, Medina-Kauwe LK, Jiang D, Noble PW, Hogaboam CM, Deng N, Burgy O, Antes TJ, Königshoff M, Stripp BR, Gharib SA, Chen P. Syndecan-1 promotes lung fibrosis by regulating epithelial reprogramming through extracellular vesicles. JCI Insight 2019; 5:129359. [PMID: 31393853 PMCID: PMC6777916 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and fatal lung disease. A maladaptive epithelium due to chronic injury is a prominent feature and contributor to pathogenic cellular communication in IPF. Recent data highlight the concept of a "reprogrammed" lung epithelium as critical in the development of lung fibrosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potent mediator of cellular crosstalk, and recent evidence supports their role in lung pathologies such as IPF. Here, we demonstrate that syndecan-1 is overexpressed by the epithelium in the lungs of IPF patients and in murine models after bleomycin injury. Moreover, we find that syndecan-1 is a pro-fibrotic signal that alters alveolar type II (ATII) cell phenotypes by augmenting TGFβ and Wnt signaling among other pro-fibrotic pathways. Importantly, we demonstrate that syndecan-1 controls the packaging of several anti-fibrotic microRNAs into EVs that have broad effects over several fibrogenic signaling networks as a mechanism of regulating epithelial plasticity and pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, our work reveals new insight into how EVs orchestrate cellular signals that promote lung fibrosis and demonstrate the importance of syndecan-1 in coordinating these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Parimon
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David M. Habiel
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lingyin Ge
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Bora
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rena Brauer
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher M. Evans
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ting Xie
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | - Dianhua Jiang
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul W. Noble
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Cory M. Hogaboam
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Nan Deng
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, and
| | - Olivier Burgy
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Travis J. Antes
- Smidt Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Barry R. Stripp
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, and
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24
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Selman M, Martinez FJ, Pardo A. Why Does an Aging Smoker’s Lung Develop Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Not Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:279-285. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1166pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Selman
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
- Deputy Editor, AJRCCM; and
| | - Annie Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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25
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Impaired non-homologous end joining in human primary alveolar type II cells in emphysema. Sci Rep 2019; 9:920. [PMID: 30696938 PMCID: PMC6351635 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emphysema is characterized by alveolar wall destruction induced mainly by cigarette smoke. Oxidative damage of DNA may contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease. We studied the impairment of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway and DNA damage in alveolar type II (ATII) cells and emphysema development. We isolated primary ATII cells from control smokers, nonsmokers, and patients with emphysema to determine DNA damage and repair. We found higher reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage in ATII cells obtained from individuals with this disease in comparison with controls. We also observed low phosphorylation of H2AX, which activates DSBs repair signaling, in emphysema. Our results indicate the impairement of NHEJ, as detected by low XLF expression. We also analyzed the role of DJ-1, which has a cytoprotective activity. We detected DJ-1 and XLF interaction in ATII cells in emphysema, which suggests the impairment of their function. Moreover, we found that DJ-1 KO mice are more susceptible to DNA damage induced by cigarette smoke. Our results suggest that oxidative DNA damage and ineffective the DSBs repair via the impaired NHEJ may contribute to ATII cell death in emphysema.
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26
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Single cell RNA analysis identifies cellular heterogeneity and adaptive responses of the lung at birth. Nat Commun 2019; 10:37. [PMID: 30604742 PMCID: PMC6318311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory system undergoes a diversity of structural, biochemical, and functional changes necessary for adaptation to air breathing at birth. To identify the heterogeneity of pulmonary cell types and dynamic changes in gene expression mediating adaptation to respiration, here we perform single cell RNA analyses of mouse lung on postnatal day 1. Using an iterative cell type identification strategy we unbiasedly identify the heterogeneity of murine pulmonary cell types. We identify distinct populations of epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cells, each containing distinct subpopulations. Furthermore we compare temporal changes in RNA expression patterns before and after birth to identify signaling pathways selectively activated in specific pulmonary cell types, including activation of cell stress and the unfolded protein response during perinatal adaptation of the lung. The present data provide a single cell view of the adaptation to air breathing after birth. The respiratory system is transformed in terms of functional change at birth to adapt to breathing air. Here, the authors examine the molecular changes behind the first breath in the mouse by Drop-seq based RNA sequencing, identifying activation of the unfolded protein response as a perinatal adaptation of the lung.
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Lehmann M, Buhl L, Alsafadi HN, Klee S, Hermann S, Mutze K, Ota C, Lindner M, Behr J, Hilgendorff A, Wagner DE, Königshoff M. Differential effects of Nintedanib and Pirfenidone on lung alveolar epithelial cell function in ex vivo murine and human lung tissue cultures of pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:175. [PMID: 30219058 PMCID: PMC6138909 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease. Repetitive injury and reprogramming of the lung epithelium are thought to be critical drivers of disease progression, contributing to fibroblast activation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and subsequently loss of lung architecture and function. To date, Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are the only approved drugs known to decelerate disease progression, however, if and how these drugs affect lung epithelial cell function, remains largely unexplored. Methods We treated murine and human 3D ex vivo lung tissue cultures (3D-LTCs; generated from precision cut lung slices (PCLS)) as well as primary murine alveolar epithelial type II (pmATII) cells with Pirfenidone or Nintedanib. Murine 3D-LTCs or pmATII cells were derived from the bleomycin model of fibrosis. Early fibrotic changes were induced in human 3D-LTCs by a mixture of profibrotic factors. Epithelial and mesenchymal cell function was determined by qPCR, Western blotting, Immunofluorescent staining, and ELISA. Results Low μM concentrations of Nintedanib (1 μM) and mM concentrations of Pirfenidone (2.5 mM) reduced fibrotic gene expression including Collagen 1a1 and Fibronectin in murine and human 3D-LTCs as well as pmATII cells. Notably, Nintedanib stabilized expression of distal lung epithelial cell markers, especially Surfactant Protein C in pmATII cells as well as in murine and human 3D-LTCs. Conclusions Pirfenidone and Nintedanib exhibit distinct effects on murine and human epithelial cells, which might contribute to their anti-fibrotic action. Human 3D-LTCs represent a valuable tool to assess anti-fibrotic mechanisms of potential drugs for the treatment of IPF patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0876-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Lehmann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Lara Buhl
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hani N Alsafadi
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Klee
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Hermann
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Chiharu Ota
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Lindner
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Klinikum der Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany. .,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, AMC, Research 2, 9th Flr, 12700 East 19th Ave, Aurora, Denver, CO, 80045, USA.
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Sivakumar A, Kurpios NA. Transcriptional regulation of cell shape during organ morphogenesis. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:2987-3005. [PMID: 30061107 PMCID: PMC6122985 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201612115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of transcriptional regulation of cell shape changes aims to address the critical question of how gene expression programs produce a change in cell shape. Together with cell growth, division, and death, changes in cell shape are essential for organ morphogenesis. Whereas most studies of cell shape focus on posttranslational events involved in protein organization and distribution, cell shape changes can be genetically programmed. This review highlights the essential role of transcriptional regulation of cell shape during morphogenesis of the heart, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. We emphasize the evolutionary conservation of these processes across different model organisms and discuss perspectives on open questions and research avenues that may provide mechanistic insights toward understanding birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Sivakumar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Natasza A Kurpios
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Dynamic expression of HOPX in alveolar epithelial cells reflects injury and repair during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12983. [PMID: 30154568 PMCID: PMC6113210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of injury and repair in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are critically involved in the progression of various lung diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Homeobox only protein x (HOPX) contributes to the formation of distal lung during development. In adult lung, alveolar epithelial type (AT) I cells express HOPX and lineage-labeled Hopx+ cells give rise to both ATI and ATII cells after pneumonectomy. However, the cell function of HOPX-expressing cells in adult fibrotic lung diseases has not been investigated. In this study, we have established a flow cytometry-based method to evaluate HOPX-expressing cells in the lung. HOPX expression in cultured ATII cells increased over culture time, which was accompanied by a decrease of proSP-C, an ATII marker. Moreover, HOPX expression was increased in AECs from bleomycin-instilled mouse lungs in vivo. Small interfering RNA-based knockdown of Hopx resulted in suppressing ATII-ATI trans-differentiation and activating cellular proliferation in vitro. In IPF lungs, HOPX expression was decreased in whole lungs and significantly correlated to a decline in lung function and progression of IPF. In conclusion, HOPX is upregulated during early alveolar injury and repair process in the lung. Decreased HOPX expression might contribute to failed regenerative processes in end-stage IPF lungs.
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Hao Y, Ran Y, Lu B, Li J, Zhang J, Feng C, Fang J, Ma R, Qiao Z, Dai X, Xiong W, Liu J, Zhou Q, Hao J, Li R, Dai J. Therapeutic Effects of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Canine Radiation-Induced Lung Injury. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:407-416. [PMID: 30191872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on canine radiation-induced lung injury. METHODS AND MATERIALS Beagle dogs received localized 15-Gy x-ray radiation to the right lower lung to establish the model of radiation-induced lung injury. After 180 days, dogs were divided into 2 groups (4 per group). The MSC group received intratracheal MSC transplantation, and the saline group received the same volume of normal saline by lavage. The effect of MSC transplantation on lung injury was then evaluated 180 days after transplantation. RESULTS At 180 days after 15-Gy radiation, canine arterial blood oxygen partial pressure was significantly decreased, and the levels of hydroxyproline and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in peripheral blood were significantly increased, whereas that of TGF-α was significantly decreased. Computed tomography evaluation revealed visible honeycomb shadows in the right middle and lower pulmonary pleurae. Blood oxygen partial pressure of the MSC group gradually increased over time, whereas the levels of hydroxyproline and TGF-β in the peripheral blood showed a decreasing trend; TGF-α levels gradually increased, which differed significantly from the results observed in the saline group. In addition, computed tomography and pathologic examination showed that the degree of lung injury in the MSC group was milder. The MSC group also showed significantly increased pulmonary superoxide dismutase levels and significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukein-1, and hyaluronic acid levels. Further study confirmed that MSC transplantation inhibited the activation of TGF-β-Smad2/3 in lung tissues, and in vitro experiments showed that medium conditioned with MSCs effectively inhibited the increase in Smad2 and 3 levels induced by TGF-β1. CONCLUSION Canine radiation-induced lung injury could be observed at 180 days after radiation at 15 Gy. MSC transplantation can reduce oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, and TGF-β-Smad2/3 pathway activation, thereby reducing lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yonghong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjing Feng
- Institute of Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotian Dai
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Institute of Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Institute of Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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TRPA1 channels: expression in non-neuronal murine lung tissues and dispensability for hyperoxia-induced alveolar epithelial hyperplasia. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1231-1241. [PMID: 29754249 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) channels were originally characterized in neuronal tissues but also identified in lung epithelium by staining with fluorescently coupled TRPA1 antibodies. Its exact function in non-neuronal tissues, however, is elusive. TRPA1 is activated in vitro by hypoxia and hyperoxia and is therefore a promising TRP candidate for sensing hyperoxia in pulmonary epithelial cells and for inducing alveolar epithelial hyperplasia. Here, we isolated tracheal, bronchial, and alveolar epithelial cells and show low but detectable TRPA1 mRNA levels in all these cells as well as TRPA1 protein by Western blotting in alveolar type II (AT II) cells. We quantified changes in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) levels induced by application of hyperoxic solutions in primary tracheal epithelial, bronchial epithelial, and AT II cells isolated from wild-type (WT) and TRPA1-deficient (TRPA1-/-) mouse lungs. In all cell types, we detected hyperoxia-induced rises in [Ca2+]i levels, which were not significantly different in TRPA1-deficient cells compared to WT cells. We also tested TRPA1 function in a mouse model for hyperoxia-induced alveolar epithelial hyperplasia. A characteristic significant increase in thickening of alveolar tissues was detected in mouse lungs after exposure to hyperoxia, but not in normoxic WT and TRPA1-/- controls. Quantification of changes in lung morphology in hyperoxic WT and TRPA1-/- mice, however, again revealed no significant changes. Therefore, TRPA1 expression does neither appear to be a key player for hyperoxia-induced changes in [Ca2+]i levels in primary lung epithelial cells, nor being essential for the development of hyperoxia-induced alveolar epithelial hyperplasia.
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Abstract
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), represent a significant and increasing health burden. Current therapies are largely symptomatic, and novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Aging has emerged as a contributing factor for the development of both IPF and COPD because their prevalence increases with age, and several pathological features of these diseases resemble classical hallmarks of aging. Aging is thought to be driven in part by aberrant activity of developmental signaling pathways that thus might drive pathological changes, a process termed antagonistic pleiotropy or developmental drift. The developmental WNT pathway is fundamental for lung development, and altered WNT activity has been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of CLD, in particular to COPD and IPF. Although to date only limited data on WNT signaling during lung aging exist, WNT signal regulation during aging and its effects on age-related pathologies in other organs have recently been investigated. In this review, we discuss evidence of dysregulated WNT signaling in CLD in the context of WNT signal alteration in organ aging and its potential impact on age-related cellular mechanisms, such as senescence or stem cell exhaustion.
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33
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Mümmler C, Burgy O, Hermann S, Mutze K, Günther A, Königshoff M. Cell-specific expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 contributes to pulmonary fibrosis. FASEB J 2018; 32:703-716. [PMID: 28986417 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700482r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease with limited therapeutic options and unknown etiology. IPF is characterized by epithelial cell injury, impaired cellular crosstalk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and the formation of fibroblast foci with increased extracellular matrix deposition (ECM). We investigated the role of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a master regulator of bone development that has been linked to profibrotic signaling. RUNX2 expression was up-regulated in lung homogenates from patients with IPF and in experimental bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. The RUNX2 level correlated with disease severity as measured by decreased diffusing capacity and increased levels of the IPF biomarker, matrix metalloproteinase 7. Nuclear RUNX2 was observed in prosurfactant protein C-positive hyperplastic epithelial cells and was rarely found in myofibroblasts. We discovered an up-regulation of RUNX2 in fibrotic alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells as well as an increase of RUNX2-negative fibroblasts in experimental and human pulmonary fibrosis. Functionally, small interfering RNA-mediated RUNX2 knockdown decreased profibrotic ATII cell function, such as proliferation and migration, whereas fibroblasts displayed activation markers and increased ECM expression after RUNX2 knockdown. This study reveals that RUNX2 is differentially expressed in ATII cells vs. fibroblasts in lung fibrosis, which contributes to profibrotic cell function. Cell-specific targeting of RUNX2 pathways may represent a therapeutic approach for IPF.-Mümmler, C., Burgy, O., Hermann, S., Mutze, K., Günther, A., Königshoff, M. Cell-specific expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 contributes to pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Mümmler
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier Burgy
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sarah Hermann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Jansing NL, McClendon J, Henson PM, Tuder RM, Hyde DM, Zemans RL. Unbiased Quantitation of Alveolar Type II to Alveolar Type I Cell Transdifferentiation during Repair after Lung Injury in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:519-526. [PMID: 28586241 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0037ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The alveolar epithelium consists of squamous alveolar type (AT) I and cuboidal ATII cells. ATI cells cover 95-98% of the alveolar surface, thereby playing a critical role in barrier integrity, and are extremely thin, thus permitting efficient gas exchange. During lung injury, ATI cells die, resulting in increased epithelial permeability. ATII cells re-epithelialize the alveolar surface via proliferation and transdifferentiation into ATI cells. Transdifferentiation is characterized by down-regulation of ATII cell markers, up-regulation of ATI cell markers, and cell spreading, resulting in a change in morphology from cuboidal to squamous, thus restoring normal alveolar architecture and function. The mechanisms underlying ATII to ATI cell transdifferentiation have not been well studied in vivo. A prerequisite for mechanistic investigation is a rigorous, unbiased method to quantitate this process. Here, we used SPCCreERT2;mTmG mice, in which ATII cells and their progeny express green fluorescent protein (GFP), and applied stereologic techniques to measure transdifferentiation during repair after injury induced by LPS. Transdifferentiation was quantitated as the percent of alveolar surface area covered by ATII-derived (GFP+) cells expressing ATI, but not ATII, cell markers. Using this methodology, the time course and magnitude of transdifferentiation during repair was determined. We found that ATI cell loss and epithelial permeability occurred by Day 4, and ATII to ATI cell transdifferentiation began by Day 7 and continued until Day 16. Notably, transdifferentiation and barrier restoration are temporally correlated. This methodology can be applied to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying transdifferentiation, ultimately revealing novel therapeutic targets to accelerate repair after lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Jansing
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Jazalle McClendon
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Peter M Henson
- 2 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and.,4 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Rubin M Tuder
- 5 Program in Translational Lung Research, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO; and
| | - Dallas M Hyde
- 6 California National Primate Research Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and
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Vuong NQ, Breznan D, Goegan P, O'Brien JS, Williams A, Karthikeyan S, Kumarathasan P, Vincent R. In vitro toxicoproteomic analysis of A549 human lung epithelial cells exposed to urban air particulate matter and its water-soluble and insoluble fractions. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:39. [PMID: 28969663 PMCID: PMC5625787 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toxicity of airborne particulate matter (PM) is difficult to assess because PM composition is complex and variable due to source contribution and atmospheric transformation. In this study, we used an in vitro toxicoproteomic approach to identify the toxicity mechanisms associated with different subfractions of Ottawa urban dust (EHC-93). Methods A549 human lung epithelial cells were exposed to 0, 60, 140 and 200 μg/cm2 doses of EHC-93 (total), its insoluble and soluble fractions for 24 h. Multiple cytotoxicity assays and proteomic analyses were used to assess particle toxicity in the exposed cells. Results The cytotoxicity data based on cellular ATP, BrdU incorporation and LDH leakage indicated that the insoluble, but not the soluble, fraction is responsible for the toxicity of EHC-93 in A549 cells. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis results revealed that the expressions of 206 protein spots were significantly altered after particle exposures, where 154 were identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS. The results from cytotoxicity assays and proteomic analyses converged to a similar finding that the effects of the total and insoluble fraction may be alike, but their effects were distinguishable, and their effects were significantly different from the soluble fraction. Furthermore, the toxic potency of EHC-93 total is not equal to the sum of its insoluble and soluble fractions, implying inter-component interactions between insoluble and soluble materials resulting in synergistic or antagonistic cytotoxic effects. Pathway analysis based on the low toxicity dose (60 μg/cm2) indicated that the two subfractions can alter the expression of those proteins involved in pathways including cell death, cell proliferation and inflammatory response in a distinguishable manner. For example, the insoluble and soluble fractions differentially affected the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as MCP-1 and IL-8 and distinctly altered the expression of those proteins (e.g., TREM1, PDIA3 and ENO1) involved in an inflammatory response pathway in A549 cells. Conclusions This study demonstrated the impact of different fractions of urban air particles constituted of various chemical species on different mechanistic pathways and thus on cytotoxicity effects. In vitro toxicoproteomics can be a valuable tool in mapping these differences in air pollutant exposure-related toxicity mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-017-0220-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Q Vuong
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Dalibor Breznan
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Patrick Goegan
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Julie S O'Brien
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Biostatistics Section, Population Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Subramanian Karthikeyan
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Premkumari Kumarathasan
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Renaud Vincent
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Ji Z, Liu H, Fang L, Yu Y, Zhou Z. Use of immunoproteomics to identify immunogenic proteins in a rat model of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7625-7632. [PMID: 28944852 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and life‑threatening clinical syndrome, and seeking biomarkers of ARDS has been an area of continuing research. The present study hypothesized that alterations to certain immunogenic substances occur in injured lungs and are able to specifically bind with corresponding proteins in the blood, and that these proteins may be readily detected. To investigate this hypothesis, a rat model of ARDS was established by cecal ligation and puncture surgery, and an immunoproteomics approach, using serum as the primary antibody in a western blot analysis, was used with the aim of identifying immunogenic proteins in the injured lungs. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used for bioinformatics analysis, and mass spectrometric analysis was used to identify a total of 38 differentially expressed immunogenic proteins. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the top canonical pathways in which the identified proteins may be involved were gluconeogenesis I, glycolysis I, choline degradation I, NADH repair and heme degradation. IPA Biomarker Filter analysis with the terms 'acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury' was used to screen 13 proteins as candidate biomarkers. These proteins were described as antigens, and suggested that paired antibodies may be detected in the plasma of patients at high risk of ARDS. Analysis of these identified proteins may provide novel insights into the potential pathological mechanisms of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshu Ji
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Linsen Fang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Youxin Yu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Skronska-Wasek W, Mutze K, Baarsma HA, Bracke KR, Alsafadi HN, Lehmann M, Costa R, Stornaiuolo M, Novellino E, Brusselle GG, Wagner DE, Yildirim AÖ, Königshoff M. Reduced Frizzled Receptor 4 Expression Prevents WNT/β-Catenin-driven Alveolar Lung Repair in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:172-185. [PMID: 28245136 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201605-0904oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in particular emphysema, is characterized by loss of parenchymal alveolar tissue and impaired tissue repair. Wingless and INT-1 (WNT)/β-catenin signaling is reduced in COPD; however, the mechanisms thereof, specifically the role of the frizzled (FZD) family of WNT receptors, remain unexplored. OBJECTIVES To identify and functionally characterize specific FZD receptors that control downstream WNT signaling in impaired lung repair in COPD. METHODS FZD expression was analyzed in lung homogenates and alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells of never-smokers, smokers, patients with COPD, and two experimental COPD models by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. The functional effects of cigarette smoke on FZD4, WNT/β-catenin signaling, and elastogenic components were investigated in primary ATII cells in vitro and in three-dimensional lung tissue cultures ex vivo. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches were applied to determine the effects of FZD4 signaling on alveolar epithelial cell wound healing and repair, as well as on expression of elastogenic components. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS FZD4 expression was reduced in human and experimental COPD lung tissues as well as in primary human ATII cells from patients with COPD. Cigarette smoke exposure down-regulated FZD4 expression in vitro and in vivo, along with reduced WNT/β-catenin activity. Inhibition of FZD4 decreased WNT/β-catenin-driven epithelial cell proliferation and wound closure, and it interfered with ATII-to-ATI cell transdifferentiation and organoid formation, which were augmented by FZD4 overexpression. Moreover, FZD4 restoration by overexpression or pharmacological induction led to induction of WNT/β-catenin signaling and expression of elastogenic components in three-dimensional lung tissue cultures ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS Reduced FZD4 expression in COPD contributes to impaired alveolar repair capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Skronska-Wasek
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Ken R Bracke
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hani N Alsafadi
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Rita Costa
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- 3 Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; and
| | - Ettore Novellino
- 3 Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; and
| | - Guy G Brusselle
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Ö Yildirim
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- 1 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany.,4 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado
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Dietrich A, Steinritz D, Gudermann T. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels as molecular targets in lung toxicology and associated diseases. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:123-137. [PMID: 28499580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The lungs as the gateways of our body to the external environment are essential for gas exchange. They are also exposed to toxicants from two sides, the airways and the vasculature. Apart from naturally produced toxic agents, millions of human made chemicals were produced since the beginning of the industrial revolution whose toxicity still needs to be determined. While the knowledge about toxic substances is increasing only slowly, a paradigm shift regarding the proposed mechanisms of toxicity at the plasma membrane emerged. According to their broad-range chemical reactivity, the mechanism of lung injury evoked by these agents has long been described as rather unspecific. Consequently, therapeutic options are still restricted to symptomatic treatment. The identification of molecular down-stream effectors in cells was a major step forward in the mechanistic understanding of the action of toxic chemicals and will pave the way for more causal and specific toxicity testing as well as therapeutic options. In this context, the involvement of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels as chemosensors involved in the detection and effectors of toxicant action is an attractive concept intensively discussed in the scientific community. In this review we will summarize recent evidence for an involvement of TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPC4, TRPC6, TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM2 and TRPM8) expressed in the lung in pathways of toxin sensing and as mediators of lung inflammation and associated diseases like asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis and edema formation. Specific modulators of these channels may offer new therapeutic options in the future and will endorse strategies for a causal, specifically tailored treatment based on the mechanistic understanding of molecular events induced by lung-toxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dietrich
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Dirk Steinritz
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany; Bundeswehr-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Munich, Germany
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Baarsma HA, Königshoff M. 'WNT-er is coming': WNT signalling in chronic lung diseases. Thorax 2017; 72:746-759. [PMID: 28416592 PMCID: PMC5537530 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases represent a major public health problem with only limited therapeutic options. An important unmet need is to identify compounds and drugs that target key molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. Over the last decade, there has been extensive interest in investigating Wingless/integrase-1 (WNT) signalling pathways; and WNT signal alterations have been linked to pulmonary disease pathogenesis and progression. Here, we comprehensively review the cumulative evidence for WNT pathway alterations in chronic lung pathologies, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, asthma and COPD. While many studies have focused on the canonical WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway, recent reports highlight that non-canonical WNT signalling may also significantly contribute to chronic lung pathologies; these studies will be particularly featured in this review. We further discuss recent advances uncovering the role of WNT signalling early in life, the potential of pharmaceutically modulating WNT signalling pathways and highlight (pre)clinical studies describing promising new therapies for chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - M Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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40
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41
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Baarsma HA, Skronska-Wasek W, Mutze K, Ciolek F, Wagner DE, John-Schuster G, Heinzelmann K, Günther A, Bracke KR, Dagouassat M, Boczkowski J, Brusselle GG, Smits R, Eickelberg O, Yildirim AÖ, Königshoff M. Noncanonical WNT-5A signaling impairs endogenous lung repair in COPD. J Exp Med 2016; 214:143-163. [PMID: 27979969 PMCID: PMC5206496 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. One main pathological feature of COPD is the loss of functional alveolar tissue without adequate repair (emphysema), yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. Reduced WNT-β-catenin signaling is linked to impaired lung repair in COPD; however, the factors responsible for attenuating this pathway remain to be elucidated. Here, we identify a canonical to noncanonical WNT signaling shift contributing to COPD pathogenesis. We demonstrate enhanced expression of noncanonical WNT-5A in two experimental models of COPD and increased posttranslationally modified WNT-5A in human COPD tissue specimens. WNT-5A was increased in primary lung fibroblasts from COPD patients and induced by COPD-related stimuli, such as TGF-β, cigarette smoke (CS), and cellular senescence. Functionally, mature WNT-5A attenuated canonical WNT-driven alveolar epithelial cell wound healing and transdifferentiation in vitro. Lung-specific WNT-5A overexpression exacerbated airspace enlargement in elastase-induced emphysema in vivo. Accordingly, inhibition of WNT-5A in vivo attenuated lung tissue destruction, improved lung function, and restored expression of β-catenin-driven target genes and alveolar epithelial cell markers in the elastase, as well as in CS-induced models of COPD. We thus identify a novel essential mechanism involved in impaired mesenchymal-epithelial cross talk in COPD pathogenesis, which is amenable to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoeke A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Wioletta Skronska-Wasek
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Ciolek
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerrit John-Schuster
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Heinzelmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ken R Bracke
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Guy G Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ron Smits
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Ö Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
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42
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Zhou Y, He Z, Gao Y, Zheng R, Zhang X, Zhao L, Tan M. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Inhibit Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice through Suppressing TGF-β1/Smad-Mediated Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:430. [PMID: 27895584 PMCID: PMC5108931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and irreversible fibrotic lung disorder with high mortality and few treatment options. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been considered as an ideal resource for stem cell-based therapy. Although, an earlier study demonstrated the therapeutic effect of iPS cells on pulmonary fibrosis, the exact mechanisms remain obscure. The present study investigated the effects of iPS cells on inflammatory responses, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling pathway, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) during bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis. A single intratracheal instillation of BLM (5 mg/kg) was performed to induce pulmonary fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice. Then, iPS cells (c-Myc-free) were administrated intravenously at 24 h following BLM instillation. Three weeks after BLM administration, pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated. As expected, treatment with iPS cells significantly limited the pathological changes, edema, and collagen deposition in lung tissues of BLM-induced mice. Mechanically, treatment with iPS cells obviously repressed the expression ratios of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) to its tissue inhibitor -2 (TIMP-2) and MMP-9/TIMP-1 in BLM-induced pulmonary tissues. In addition, iPS cell administration remarkably suppressed BLM-induced up-regulation of pulmonary inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2. We further demonstrated that transplantation of iPS cells markedly inhibited BLM-mediated activation of TGF-β1/Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (Smad2/3) and EMT in lung tissues through up-regulating epithelial marker E-cadherin and down-regulating mesenchymal markers including fibronectin, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin. Moreover, in vitro, iPS cell-conditioned medium (iPSC-CM) profoundly inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT signaling pathway in mouse alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECII). Collectively, our results suggest that transplantation of iPS cells could suppress inflammatory responses, TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and EMT during the progression of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, providing new useful clues regarding the mechanisms of iPS cells in the treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Zhong He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Mingqi Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
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Ota C, Baarsma HA, Wagner DE, Hilgendorff A, Königshoff M. Linking bronchopulmonary dysplasia to adult chronic lung diseases: role of WNT signaling. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:34. [PMID: 27718180 PMCID: PMC5055515 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common chronic lung diseases in infants caused by pre- and/or postnatal lung injury. BPD is characterized by arrested alveolarization and vascularization due to extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, and impaired growth factor signaling. WNT signaling is a critical pathway for normal lung development, and its altered signaling has been shown to be involved in the onset and progression of incurable chronic lung diseases in adulthood, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this review, we summarize the impact of WNT signaling on different stages of lung development and its potential contribution to developmental lung diseases, especially BPD, and chronic lung diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Ota
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,The Perinatal Center, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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44
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Chen S, Yin R, Mutze K, Yu Y, Takenaka S, Königshoff M, Stoeger T. No involvement of alveolar macrophages in the initiation of carbon nanoparticle induced acute lung inflammation in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:33. [PMID: 27328634 PMCID: PMC4915176 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbonaceous nanoparticles (CNP) represent a major constituent of urban particulate air pollution, and inhalation of high CNP levels has been described to trigger a pro-inflammatory response of the lung. While several studies identified specific particle characteristics driving respiratory toxicity of low-solubility and low-toxicity particles such as CNP, the major lung cell type, which initiates and drives that response, remains still uncertain. Since alveolar macrophages (AM) are known to effectively phagocytose inhaled particles and play a crucial role for the initiation of pulmonary inflammation caused by invading microbes, we aimed to determine their role for sterile stimuli such as CNP by profiling the primary alveolar cell compartments of the lung. We exposed C57BL/6 mice to 20 μg CNP by intratracheal instillation and comprehensively investigated the expression of the underlying mediators during a time span of 3 to 72 h in three different lung cell populations: CD45- (negative) structural cells, CD45+ (positive) leukocytes, and by BAL recovered cells. Results Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis revealed an acute inflammatory response characterized by the most prominent culmination of neutrophil granulocytes from 12 to 24 h after instillation, which declined to basal levels by day 7. As early as 3 h after CNP exposure 50 % of the AM revealed particle laden. BAL concentrations and lung gene expression profiles of TNFα, and the neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL1,-2 and-5 preceded the neutrophil recruitment and showed highest levels after 12 h of CNP exposure, pointing to a significant activation of the inflammation-evoking lung cells at this point of time. AM, isolated from lungs 3 to 12 h after CNP instillation, however, did not show a pro-inflammatory signature. On the contrary, gene expression analysis of different lung cell populations isolated 12 h after CNP instillation revealed CD45-, mainly representing alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells as major producer of inflammatory CXCL cytokines. Particularly by CD45- cells expressed Cxcl5 proved to be the most abundant chemokine, being 12 h after CNP exposure 24 (±11) fold induced. Conclusion Our data suggests that AM are noninvolved in the initiation of the inflammatory response. ATII cells, which induced highest CXCL levels early on, might in contrast be the driver of acute neutrophilic inflammation upon pulmonary CNP exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0144-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanze Chen
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Preclinical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Renfu Yin
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Youjia Yu
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Shinji Takenaka
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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45
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Fernandez IE, Amarie OV, Mutze K, Königshoff M, Yildirim AÖ, Eickelberg O. Systematic phenotyping and correlation of biomarkers with lung function and histology in lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L919-27. [PMID: 26993522 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, phenotyping and disease course prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) primarily relies on lung function measures. Blood biomarkers were recently proposed for diagnostic and outcome prediction in IPF, yet their correlation with lung function and histology remains unclear. Here, we comprehensively assessed biomarkers in liquid biopsies and correlated their abundance with lung function and histology during the onset, progression, and resolution of lung fibrosis, with the aim to more precisely evaluate disease progression in the preclinical model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. Importantly, the strongest correlation of lung function with histological extent of fibrosis was observed at day 14, whereas lung function was unchanged at days 28 and 56, even when histological assessment showed marked fibrotic lesions. Although matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), MMP-9, and PAI-1 were significantly elevated in broncheoalveolar lavage of fibrotic mice, only soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) was elevated in the peripheral blood of fibrotic mice and was strongly correlated with the extent of fibrosis. Importantly, tissue-bound ICAM-1 was also elevated in lung homogenates, with prominent staining in hyperplastic type II alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells. In summary, we show that lung function decline is not a prerequisite for histologically evident fibrosis, particularly during the onset or resolution thereof. Plasma levels of sICAM-1 strongly correlate with the extent of lung fibrosis, and may thus be considered for the assessment of intraindividual therapeutic studies in preclinical studies of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis E Fernandez
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Oana V Amarie
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
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46
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Mutze K, Vierkotten S, Milosevic J, Eickelberg O, Königshoff M. Enolase 1 (ENO1) and protein disulfide-isomerase associated 3 (PDIA3) regulate Wnt/β-catenin-driven trans-differentiation of murine alveolar epithelial cells. Development 2015. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.129221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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