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Andrews RR, Anderson KR, Fry JL. Sex-Specific Variation in Metabolic Responses to Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:2921. [PMID: 39275236 PMCID: PMC11397081 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal nutrition is a leading cause of cardiometabolic disease and mortality. Biological sex is a variable that influences individual responses to dietary components and may modulate the impact of diet on metabolic health and disease risk. This review describes findings of studies reporting how biological sex may associate with or affect metabolic outcomes or disease risk in response to varying dietary macronutrient content, Mediterranean diet, Western diet, and medical very low-calorie diet. Although few dietary interventions have been specifically designed to identify sex-diet interactions, future studies improving understanding how sex influences dietary responses could inform precision nutrition interventions for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reya R Andrews
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Kayla R Anderson
- Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jean L Fry
- Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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2
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Lefebvre C, Tiffay A, Breemeersch CE, Dreux V, Bôle-Feysot C, Guérin C, Breton J, Maximin E, Monnoye M, Déchelotte P, Douard V, Goichon A, Coëffier M. Sex-dependent effects of a high fat diet on metabolic disorders, intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota in mouse. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19835. [PMID: 39191839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is often associated with sex-dependent metabolic complications, in which altered intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota contribute. We aimed to characterize in mice the sex-dependent effects of a high fat diet on these parameters. Male and female C57BL/6 mice received a standard (SD) or high fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal from fat) during 14 weeks (W14). Body composition, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, intestinal permeability, colonic expression of 44 genes encoding factors involved in inflammatory response and gut barrier function, cecal microbiota, plasma adipokines and white adipose tissue response have been assessed. Both male and female HFD mice exhibited an increase of body weight and fat mass gain and glucose intolerance compared to SD mice. However, only male HFD mice tended to develop insulin resistance associated to increased Tnfα and Ccl2 mRNA expression in perigonadal adipose tissue. By contrast, only female HFD mice showed significant intestinal hyperpermeability that was associated with more markedly altered colonic inflammatory response. Cecal microbiota richness was markedly reduced in both sexes (Observed species) with sex-dependent modifications at the phyla or family level, e.g. decreased relative abundance of Bacillota and Lachnospiraceae in females, increased of Bacteroidaceae in males. Interestingly, some of these microbiota alterations were correlated with peripheral metabolic and inflammatory markers. In conclusions, male and female mice exhibit different responses to a high fat diet with specific changes of gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function, colonic and white adipose tissue inflammation, metabolic markers and body weight gain. The underlying mechanisms should be deciphered in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Lefebvre
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Adam Tiffay
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Charles-Edward Breemeersch
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Virginie Dreux
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Christine Bôle-Feysot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Charlène Guérin
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jonathan Breton
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Elise Maximin
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Magali Monnoye
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
- Department of Nutrition, CHU Rouen, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alexis Goichon
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis", UFR Santé, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000, Rouen, France.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Univ Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France.
- Department of Nutrition, CHU Rouen, 76000, Rouen, France.
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3
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Eid SA, Elzinga SE, Guo K, Hinder LM, Hayes JM, Pacut CM, Koubek EJ, Hur J, Feldman EL. Transcriptomic profiling of sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia reveals site-specific effects of prediabetic neuropathy. Transl Res 2024; 270:24-41. [PMID: 38556110 PMCID: PMC11166517 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a severe and frequent complication of obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes characterized by progressive distal-to-proximal peripheral nerve degeneration. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying PN, and whether these mechanisms change during PN progression, is currently lacking. Here, gene expression data were obtained from distal (sciatic nerve; SCN) and proximal (dorsal root ganglia; DRG) injury sites of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model of obesity/prediabetes at early and late disease stages. Self-organizing map and differentially expressed gene analyses followed by pathway enrichment analysis identified genes and pathways altered across disease stage and injury site. Pathways related to immune response, inflammation, and glucose and lipid metabolism were consistently dysregulated with HFD-induced PN, irrespective of injury site. However, regulation of oxidative stress was unique to the SCN while dysregulated Hippo and Notch signaling were only observed in the DRG. The role of the immune system and inflammation in disease progression was supported by an increase in the percentage of immune cells in the SCN with PN progression. Finally, when comparing these data to transcriptomic signatures from human patients with PN, we observed conserved pathways related to metabolic dysregulation across species, highlighting the translational relevance of our mouse data. Our findings demonstrate that PN is associated with distinct site-specific molecular re-programming in the peripheral nervous system, identifying novel, clinically relevant therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie A. Eid
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah E. Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lucy M. Hinder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John M. Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Crystal M. Pacut
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily J. Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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4
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Elkanawati RY, Sumiwi SA, Levita J. Impact of Lipids on Insulin Resistance: Insights from Human and Animal Studies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3337-3360. [PMID: 39100221 PMCID: PMC11298177 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s468147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a complex pathological condition central to metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This review evaluates the impact of lipids on insulin resistance (IR) by analyzing findings from human and animal studies. The articles were searched on the PubMed database using two keywords: (1) "Role of Lipids AND Insulin Resistance AND Humans" and (2) "Role of Lipids AND Insulin Resistance AND Animal Models". Studies in humans revealed that elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides (TGs) are closely associated with reduced insulin sensitivity, and interventions like metformin and omega-3 fatty acids show potential benefits. In animal models, high-fat diets disrupt insulin signaling and increase inflammation, with lipid mediators such as diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramides playing significant roles. DAG activates protein kinase C, which eventually impairs insulin signaling, while ceramides inhibit Akt/PKB, further contributing to IR. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for IR-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Yulifah Elkanawati
- Master Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jawa Barat, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sri Adi Sumiwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Jutti Levita
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
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Kolling LJ, Khan K, Wang R, Pierson SR, Hartman BD, Balasubramanian N, Guo DF, Rahmouni K, Marcinkiewcz CA. Interaction of serotonin/GLP-1 circuitry in a dual preclinical model for psychiatric disorders and metabolic dysfunction. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115951. [PMID: 38735240 PMCID: PMC11267813 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Isolation of rodents throughout adolescence is known to induce many behavioral abnormalities which resemble neuropsychiatric disorders. Separately, this paradigm has also been shown to induce long-term metabolic changes consistent with a pre-diabetic state. Here, we investigate changes in central serotonin (5-HT) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) neurobiology that dually accompany behavioral and metabolic outcomes following social isolation stress throughout adolescence. We find that adolescent-isolation mice exhibit elevated blood glucose levels, impaired peripheral insulin signaling, altered pancreatic function, and fattier body composition without changes in bodyweight. These mice further exhibited disruptions in sleep and enhanced nociception. Using bulk and spatial transcriptomic techniques, we observe broad changes in neural 5-HT, GLP-1, and appetitive circuits. We find 5-HT neurons of adolescent-isolation mice to be more excitable, transcribe fewer copies of Glp1r (mRNA; GLP-1 receptor), and demonstrate resistance to the inhibitory effects of the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide on action potential thresholds. Surprisingly, we find that administration of semaglutide, commonly prescribed to treat metabolic syndrome, induced deficits in social interaction in group-housed mice and rescued social deficits in isolated mice. Overall, we find that central 5-HT circuitry may simultaneously influence mental well-being and metabolic health in this model, via interactions with GLP-1 and proopiomelanocortin circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Kolling
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kanza Khan
- Psychological Sciences, Daemen University, Amherst, New York, USA
| | - Ruixiang Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samantha R Pierson
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hartman
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Deng-Fu Guo
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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6
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Toussaint K, Appert-Collin A, Vanalderwiert L, Bour C, Terryn C, Spenlé C, Van Der Heyden M, Roumieux M, Maurice P, Romier-Crouzet B, Sartelet H, Duca L, Blaise S, Bennasroune A. Inhibition of neuraminidase-1 sialidase activity by interfering peptides impairs insulin receptor activity in vitro and glucose homeostasis in vivo. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107316. [PMID: 38663826 PMCID: PMC11167521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidases (NEUs) also called sialidases are glycosidases which catalyze the removal of terminal sialic acid residues from glycoproteins, glycolipids, and oligosaccharides. Mammalian NEU-1 participates in regulation of cell surface receptors such as insulin receptor (IR), epithelial growth factor receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor, and toll-like receptor 4. At the plasma membrane, NEU-1 can be associated with the elastin-binding protein and the carboxypeptidase protective protein/cathepsin A to constitute the elastin receptor complex. In this complex, NEU-1 is essential for elastogenesis, signal transduction through this receptor and for biological effects of the elastin-derived peptides on atherosclerosis, thrombosis, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cancers. This is why research teams are developing inhibitors targeting this sialidase. Previously, we developed interfering peptides to inhibit the dimerization and the activation of NEU-1. In this study, we investigated the effects of these peptides on IR activation in vitro and in vivo. Using cellular overexpression and endogenous expression models of NEU-1 and IR (COS-7 and HepG2 cells, respectively), we have shown that interfering peptides inhibit NEU-1 dimerization and sialidase activity which results in a reduction of IR phosphorylation. These results demonstrated that NEU-1 positively regulates IR phosphorylation and activation in our conditions. In vivo, biodistribution study showed that interfering peptides are well distributed in mice. Treatment of C57Bl/6 mice during 8 weeks with interfering peptides induces a hyperglycemic effect in our experimental conditions. Altogether, we report here that inhibition of NEU-1 sialidase activity by interfering peptides decreases IR activity in vitro and glucose homeostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Toussaint
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Camille Bour
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | | | - Caroline Spenlé
- UMR7242 Biotechnology and Cell Signalling, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | | | | | - Pascal Maurice
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | | | - Hervé Sartelet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Duca
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Sébastien Blaise
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France.
| | - Amar Bennasroune
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, MEDyC, Reims, France.
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Croft AJ, Kelly C, Chen D, Haw TJ, Balachandran L, Murtha LA, Boyle AJ, Sverdlov AL, Ngo DTM. Sex-based differences in short- and longer-term diet-induced metabolic heart disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H1219-H1251. [PMID: 38363215 PMCID: PMC11381029 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00467.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Sex-based differences in the development of obesity-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction are well documented, however, the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Obesity has been linked to dysregulation of the epitranscriptome, but the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation has not been investigated in relation to the sex differences during obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction. In the current study, male and female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to short- and long-term high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet to induce obesogenic stress. Cardiac echocardiography showed males developed systolic and diastolic dysfunction after 4 mo of diet, but females maintained normal cardiac function despite both sexes being metabolically dysfunctional. Cardiac m6A machinery gene expression was differentially regulated by duration of HFHS diet in male, but not female mice, and left ventricular ejection fraction correlated with RNA machinery gene levels in a sex- and age-dependent manner. RNA-sequencing of cardiac transcriptome revealed that females, but not males may undergo protective cardiac remodeling early in the course of obesogenic stress. Taken together, our study demonstrates for the first time that cardiac RNA methylation machinery genes are regulated early during obesogenic stress in a sex-dependent manner and may play a role in the sex differences observed in cardiometabolic dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sex differences in obesity-associated cardiomyopathy are well documented but incompletely understood. We show for the first time that RNA methylation machinery genes may be regulated in response to obesogenic diet in a sex- and age-dependent manner and levels may correspond to cardiac systolic function. Our cardiac RNA-seq analysis suggests female, but not male mice may be protected from cardiac dysfunction by a protective cardiac remodeling response early during obesogenic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Croft
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Conagh Kelly
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dongqing Chen
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tatt Jhong Haw
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lohis Balachandran
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucy A Murtha
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J Boyle
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aaron L Sverdlov
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Doan T M Ngo
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Braga Tibaes JR, Barreto Silva MI, Wollin B, Vine D, Tsai S, Richard C. Sex differences in systemic inflammation and immune function in diet-induced obesity rodent models: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13665. [PMID: 38072656 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Understanding sex differences in immunological responses in the context of obesity is important to improve health outcomes. This systematic review aimed to investigate sex differences in systemic inflammation, immune cell phenotype, and function in diet-induced obesity (DIO) animal models. A systematic search in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL from inception to April 2023 was conducted, using a combination of the following concepts: sex, obesity, cytokines, and immune cell phenotypes/function. Forty-one publications reporting on systemic inflammation (61%), cell phenotype (44%), and/or function (7%) were included. Females had lower systemic inflammation compared with males in response to DIO intervention and a higher proportion of macrophage (M)2-like cells compared with males that had a higher proportion of M1-like in adipose tissue. Although there were no clear sex differences in immune function, high-fat DIO intervention remains an important factor in the development of immune dysfunction in both males and females, including disturbances in cytokine production, proliferation, and migration of immune cells. Yet, the mechanistic links between diet and obesity on such immune dysfunction remain unclear. Future studies should investigate the role of diet and obesity in the functionality of immune cells and employ adequate methods for a high-quality investigation of sex differences in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Ines Barreto Silva
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Applied Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bethany Wollin
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donna Vine
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sue Tsai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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9
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Justice MJ. Sex matters in preclinical research. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050759. [PMID: 38450661 PMCID: PMC10941654 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
International Women's Day 2024 has a theme of inclusion. As publishers of preclinical research, we aim to show how inclusion of females in research advances scientific rigor and improves treatment reliability. Sexual reproduction is key to all life across the plant and animal kingdoms. Biological sex takes many forms that are morphologically differentiated during development: stamens versus pistils in plants; color and plumage in birds; fallopian tubes versus vas deferens in mammals; and differences in size, for instance, males are smaller in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Physical differences may be obvious, but many traits may be more obscure, including hormonal, physiological and metabolic factors. These traits have a big influence on disease and responses to treatment. Thus, we call for improved inclusion, analysis and reporting of sex as a biological variable in preclinical animal modeling research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica J. Justice
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
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10
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Liu J, Zaidi A, Pike CJ. Microglia/macrophage-specific deletion of TLR-4 protects against neural effects of diet-induced obesity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.13.580189. [PMID: 38405877 PMCID: PMC10888944 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with numerous adverse neural effects, including reduced neurogenesis, cognitive impairment, and increased risks for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Obesity is also characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation that is implicated in mediating negative consequences body-wide. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling from peripheral macrophages is implicated as an essential regulator of the systemic inflammatory effects of obesity. In the brain, obesity drives chronic neuroinflammation that involves microglial activation, however the contributions of microglia-derived TLR4 signaling to the consequences of obesity are poorly understood. To investigate this issue, we first generated mice that carry an inducible, microglia/macrophage-specific deletion of TLR4 that yields long-term TLR4 knockout only in brain indicating microglial specificity. Next, we analyzed the effects of microglial TLR4 deletion on systemic and neural effects of a 16-week of exposure to control versus obesogenic high-fat diets. In male mice, TLR4 deletion generally yielded limited effects on diet-induced systemic metabolic dysfunction but significantly reduced neuroinflammation and impairments in neurogenesis and cognitive performance. In female mice maintained on obesogenic diet, TLR4 deletion partially protected against weight gain, adiposity, and metabolic impairments. Compared to males, females showed milder diet-induced neural consequences, against which TLR4 deletion was protective. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a central role of microglial TLR4 signaling in mediating the neural effects of obesogenic diet and highlight sexual dimorphic responses to both diet and TLR4.
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Yako H, Niimi N, Takaku S, Sango K. Advantages of omics approaches for elucidating metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1208441. [PMID: 38089620 PMCID: PMC10715313 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1208441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various animal and cell culture models of diabetes mellitus (DM) have been established and utilized to study diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The divergence of metabolic abnormalities among these models makes their etiology complicated despite some similarities regarding the pathological and neurological features of DPN. Thus, this study aimed to review the omics approaches toward DPN, especially on the metabolic states in diabetic rats and mice induced by chemicals (streptozotocin and alloxan) as type 1 DM models and by genetic mutations (MKR, db/db and ob/ob) and high-fat diet as type 2 DM models. Omics approaches revealed that the pathways associated with lipid metabolism and inflammation in dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerves were enriched and controlled in the levels of gene expression among these animal models. Additionally, these pathways were conserved in human DPN, indicating the pivotal pathogeneses of DPN. Omics approaches are beneficial tools to better understand the association of metabolic changes with morphological and functional abnormalities in DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideji Yako
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Sun Y, Nie Q, Zhang S, He H, Zuo S, Chen C, Yang J, Chen H, Hu J, Li S, Cheng J, Zhang B, Zheng Z, Pan S, Huang P, Lian L, Nie S. Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7740. [PMID: 38007572 PMCID: PMC10676405 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a key role in insulin resistance (IR). Here we perform a case-control study of Chinese adults (ChiCTR2200065715) and identify that Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely correlated with IR. Treatment with P. distasonis improves IR, strengthens intestinal integrity, and reduces systemic inflammation in mice. We further demonstrate that P. distasonis-derived nicotinic acid (NA) is a vital bioactive molecule that fortifies intestinal barrier function via activating intestinal G-protein-coupled receptor 109a (GPR109a), leading to ameliorating IR. We also conduct a bioactive dietary fiber screening to induce P. distasonis growth. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) shows favorable growth-promoting effects on P. distasonis and protects against IR in mice simultaneously. Finally, the reduced P. distasonis and NA levels were also validated in another human type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort. These findings reveal the unique mechanisms of P. distasonis on IR and provide viable strategies for the treatment and prevention of IR by bioactive dietary fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaobo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhitian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shijie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lu Lian
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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13
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Juszczak F, Pierre L, Decarnoncle M, Jadot I, Martin B, Botton O, Caron N, Dehairs J, Swinnen JV, Declèves AE. Sex differences in obesity-induced renal lipid accumulation revealed by lipidomics: a role of adiponectin/AMPK axis. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:63. [PMID: 37770988 PMCID: PMC10537536 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences have been observed in the development of obesity-related complications in patients, as well as in animal models. Accumulating evidence suggests that sex-dependent regulation of lipid metabolism contributes to sex-specific physiopathology. Lipid accumulation in the renal tissue has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced kidney injury. Unlike in males, the physiopathology of the disease has been poorly described in females, particularly regarding the lipid metabolism adaptation. METHODS Here, we compared the lipid profile changes in the kidneys of female and male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) by lipidomics and correlated them with pathophysiological changes. RESULTS We showed that HFD-fed female mice were protected from insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis compared to males, despite similar body weight gains. Females were particularly protected from renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and tubular lipid accumulation. Both HFD-fed male and female mice presented dyslipidemia, but lipidomic analysis highlighted differential renal lipid profiles. While both sexes presented similar neutral lipid accumulation with obesity, only males showed increased levels of ceramides and phospholipids. Remarkably, protection against renal lipotoxicity in females was associated with enhanced renal adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Circulating adiponectin and its renal receptor levels were significantly lower in obese males, but were maintained in females. This observation correlated with the maintained basal AMPK activity in obese female mice compared to males. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggest that female mice are protected from obesity-induced renal dysfunction and lipotoxicity associated with enhanced adiponectin and AMPK signaling compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Juszczak
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium.
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit (URPhyM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium.
| | - Louise Pierre
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
- Biochemistry and Cellular Biology Research Unit (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Morgane Decarnoncle
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Inès Jadot
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit (URPhyM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Blanche Martin
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit (URPhyM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Olivia Botton
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit (URPhyM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Caron
- Molecular Physiology Research Unit (URPhyM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
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14
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Kolling LJ, Khan K, Balasubramanian N, Guo DF, Rahmouni K, Marcinkiewcz CA. Involvement of a serotonin/GLP-1 circuit in adolescent isolation-induced diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544498. [PMID: 37398179 PMCID: PMC10312607 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In 2020, stay-at-home orders were implemented to stem the spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide. Social isolation can be particularly harmful to children and adolescents-during the pandemic, the prevalence of obesity increased by ∼37% in persons aged 2-19. Obesity is often comorbid with type 2 diabetes, which was not assessed in this human pandemic cohort. Here, we investigated whether male mice isolated throughout adolescence develop type 2 diabetes in a manner consistent with human obesity-induced diabetes, and explored neural changes that may underlie such an interaction. We find that isolating C57BL/6J mice throughout adolescence is sufficient to induce type 2 diabetes. We observed fasted hyperglycemia, diminished glucose clearance in response to an insulin tolerance test, decreased insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, decreased insulin staining of pancreatic islets, increased nociception, and diminished plasma cortisol levels compared to group-housed control mice. Using Promethion metabolic phenotyping chambers, we observed dysregulation of sleep and eating behaviors, as well as a time-dependent shift in respiratory exchange ratio of the adolescent-isolation mice. We profiled changes in neural gene transcription from several brain areas and found that a neural circuit between serotonin-producing and GLP-1-producing neurons is affected by this isolation paradigm. Overall, spatial transcription data suggest decreased serotonin neuron activity (via decreased GLP-1-mediated excitation) and increased GLP-1 neuron activity (via decreased serotonin-mediated inhibition). This circuit may represent an intersectional target to further investigate the relationship between social isolation and type 2 diabetes, as well as a pharmacologically-relevant circuit to explore the effects of serotonin and GLP-1 receptor agonists. Article Highlights Isolating C57BL/6J mice throughout adolescence is sufficient to induce type 2 diabetes, presenting with fasted hyperglycemia.Adolescent-isolation mice have deficits in insulin responsiveness, impaired peripheral insulin signaling, and decreased pancreatic insulin production.Transcriptional changes across the brain include the endocannabinoid, serotonin, and GLP-1 neurotransmitters and associated receptors. The neural serotonin/GLP-1 circuit may represent an intersectional target to further investigate the relationship between social isolation and type 2 diabetes. Serotonin-producing neurons of adolescent-isolation mice produce fewer transcripts for the GLP-1 receptor, and GLP-1 neurons produce fewer transcripts for the 5-HT 1A serotonin receptor.
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15
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Elzinga SE, Koubek EJ, Hayes JM, Carter A, Mendelson FE, Webber-Davis I, Lentz SI, Feldman EL. Modeling the innate inflammatory cGAS/STING pathway: sexually dimorphic effects on microglia and cognition in obesity and prediabetes. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1167688. [PMID: 37206668 PMCID: PMC10188944 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1167688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes continues to grow worldwide. These metabolic dysfunctions predispose individuals to neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment, including dementias such as Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD). The innate inflammatory cGAS/STING pathway plays a pivotal role in metabolic dysfunction and is an emerging target of interest in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including AD/ADRD. Therefore, our goal was to establish a murine model to specifically target the cGAS/STING pathway to study obesity- and prediabetes-induced cognitive impairment. Methods We performed two pilot studies in cGAS knockout (cGAS-/-) male and female mice designed to characterize basic metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes and examine the impact of high-fat diet (HFD) on metabolic, inflammatory, and cognitive parameters. Results cGAS-/- mice displayed normal metabolic profiles and retained the ability to respond to inflammatory stimuli, as indicated by an increase in plasma inflammatory cytokine production in response to lipopolysaccharide injection. HFD feeding caused expected increases in body weight and decreases in glucose tolerance, although onset was accelerated in females versus males. While HFD did not increase plasma or hippocampal inflammatory cytokine production, it did alter microglial morphology to a state indicative of activation, particularly in female cGAS-/- mice. However, HFD negatively impacted cognitive outcomes in male, but not female animals. Discussion Collectively, these results suggest that cGAS-/- mice display sexually dimorphic responses to HFD, possibly based on differences in microglial morphology and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily J. Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John M. Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - A. Carter
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Faye E. Mendelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ian Webber-Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen I. Lentz
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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16
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Ashkar F, Bhullar KS, Jiang X, Wu J. Tripeptide IRW Improves AMPK/eNOS Signaling Pathway via Activating ACE2 in the Aorta of High-Fat-Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040556. [PMID: 37106756 PMCID: PMC10135585 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of tripeptide IRW on the local renin–angiotensin system (RAS), particularly angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and their association with signaling pathways in the aorta of a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced insulin-resistant mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were fed HFD (45% of the total calories) for six weeks, and then IRW was added to the diet (45 mg/kg body weight (BW)) for another eight weeks. ACE2 mRNA expression and protein level(s) were increased (p < 0.05), while angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) protein abundance was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the aorta of HFD mice treated by IRW. IRW supplementation also improved glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) abundance (p < 0.05) alongside AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (p < 0.05), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) (p < 0.05), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (p < 0.05) expression. IRW downregulated the levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of AMPK and eNOS in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were significantly reduced in ACE2 knockdown cells treated with or without IRW (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study provided new evidence of the regulatory role of IRW on the aortic ACE2 against metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an HFD-induced insulin-resistant model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ashkar
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Khushwant S. Bhullar
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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17
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Kim JE, Seol A, Choi YJ, Lee SJ, Jin YJ, Roh YJ, Song HJ, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Similarities and differences in constipation phenotypes between Lep knockout mice and high fat diet-induced obesity mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276445. [PMID: 36548335 PMCID: PMC9778951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated leptin (Lep) knockout (KO) mice exhibited prominent phenotypes for constipation, even though they were not compared with other model animals. This study compared the stool excretion, gastrointestinal motility, histological structure, mucin secretion, and enteric nerve function in Lep KO and high fat diet (HFD)-treated mice to determine if there were differences in their phenotypes for constipation. Most obesity phenotypes, including fat weight, adipocyte size, expression of lipolytic proteins (HSL, perilipin, and ATGL), and glucose concentrations, were detected similarly in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice. They showed a similar decrease in the excretion parameters, including the stool number, weight, and water content, while the same pattern was detected in the gastrointestinal motility and intestinal length. A similar decrease in the mucosal layer thickness, muscle thickness, ability for mucin secretion, and expression of water channel (aquaporin 3 and 8) genes was detected in the mid-colon of the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice, but the alteration rate in some levels was greater in the HFD-treated group than the Lep KO mice. On the other hand, the levels of c-kit, nNOS, NSE, and PGP9.5 expression for the enteric neurons and intestitial cells of Cajal (ICC) were remarkably lower in the mid-colon of the HFD-treated mice than in the Lep KO mice, but the level of most proteins in both groups remained lower than those in the control group. A similar alteration pattern in the expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and serotonin receptors was detected in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice. These results suggest that most phenotypes for obesity-induced constipation were similarly detected in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice, but there was a difference in the regulatory function of the enteric nervous system (ENS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ayun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - You Jeong Jin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- * E-mail:
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18
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Henn RE, Elzinga SE, Glass E, Parent R, Guo K, Allouch AM, Mendelson FE, Hayes J, Webber-Davis I, Murphy GG, Hur J, Feldman EL. Obesity-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in young adult versus middle-aged mice. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:67. [PMID: 36550567 PMCID: PMC9773607 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity rates are increasing worldwide. Obesity leads to many complications, including predisposing individuals to the development of cognitive impairment as they age. Immune dysregulation, including inflammaging (e.g., increased circulating cytokines) and immunosenescence (declining immune system function), commonly occur in obesity and aging and may impact cognitive impairment. As such, immune system changes across the lifespan may impact the effects of obesity on neuroinflammation and associated cognitive impairment. However, the role of age in obesity-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment is unclear. To further define this putative relationship, the current study examined metabolic and inflammatory profiles, along with cognitive changes using a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model of obesity. RESULTS First, HFD promoted age-related changes in hippocampal gene expression. Given this early HFD-induced aging phenotype, we fed HFD to young adult and middle-aged mice to determine the effect of age on inflammatory responses, metabolic profile, and cognitive function. As anticipated, HFD caused a dysmetabolic phenotype in both age groups. However, older age exacerbated HFD cognitive and neuroinflammatory changes, with a bi-directional regulation of hippocampal inflammatory gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data indicate that HFD promotes an early aging phenotype in the brain, which is suggestive of inflammaging and immunosenescence. Furthermore, age significantly compounded the impact of HFD on cognitive outcomes and on the regulation of neuroinflammatory programs in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary E Henn
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sarah E Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Emily Glass
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rachel Parent
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Adam M Allouch
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Faye E Mendelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - John Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ian Webber-Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Geoffery G Murphy
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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19
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Elzinga SE, Henn R, Murdock BJ, Kim B, Hayes JM, Mendelson F, Webber-Davis I, Teener S, Pacut C, Lentz SI, Feldman EL. cGAS/STING and innate brain inflammation following acute high-fat feeding. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1012594. [PMID: 36248795 PMCID: PMC9556783 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes are growing in prevalence worldwide. These metabolic disorders are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias. Innate inflammatory signaling plays a critical role in this association, potentially via the early activation of the cGAS/STING pathway. To determine acute systemic metabolic and inflammatory responses and corresponding changes in the brain, we used a high fat diet fed obese mouse model of prediabetes and cognitive impairment. We observed acute systemic changes in metabolic and inflammatory responses, with impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and alterations in peripheral immune cell populations. Central inflammatory changes included microglial activation in a pro-inflammatory environment with cGAS/STING activation. Blocking gap junctions in neuron-microglial co-cultures significantly decreased cGAS/STING activation. Collectively these studies suggest a role for early activation of the innate immune system both peripherally and centrally with potential inflammatory crosstalk between neurons and glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rosemary Henn
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Murdock
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhumsoo Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John M. Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Faye Mendelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ian Webber-Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sam Teener
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Crystal Pacut
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen I. Lentz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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20
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Talley S, Bonomo R, Gavini C, Hatahet J, Gornick E, Cook T, Chun BJ, Kekenes-Huskey P, Aubert G, Campbell E, Mansuy-Aubert V. Monitoring of inflammation using novel biosensor mouse model reveals tissue- and sex-specific responses to Western diet. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049313. [PMID: 35466363 PMCID: PMC9235879 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic, and it is characterized by a state of low-grade systemic inflammation. A key component of inflammation is the activation of inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that form in response to danger signals and that lead to activation of caspase-1. Previous studies have found that a Westernized diet induces activation of inflammasomes and production of inflammatory cytokines. Gut microbiota metabolites, including the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, have received increased attention as underlying some obesogenic features, but the mechanisms of action by which butyrate influences inflammation in obesity remain unclear. We engineered a caspase-1 reporter mouse model to measure spatiotemporal dynamics of inflammation in obese mice. Concurrent with increased capsase-1 activation in vivo, we detected stronger biosensor signal in white adipose and heart tissues of obese mice ex vivo and observed that a short-term butyrate treatment affected some, but not all, of the inflammatory responses induced by Western diet. Through characterization of inflammatory responses and computational analyses, we identified tissue- and sex-specific caspase-1 activation patterns and inflammatory phenotypes in obese mice, offering new mechanistic insights underlying the dynamics of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Talley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Raiza Bonomo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Chaitanya Gavini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jomana Hatahet
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Emily Gornick
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Tyler Cook
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Byeong Jae Chun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Pete Kekenes-Huskey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Gregory Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Edward Campbell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Virginie Mansuy-Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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21
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Hossain MJ, Kendig MD, Letton ME, Morris MJ, Arnold R. Peripheral Neuropathy Phenotyping in Rat Models of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluating Uptake of the Neurodiab Guidelines and Identifying Future Directions. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:198-221. [PMID: 35385634 PMCID: PMC8987683 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects over half of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, with an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapies. While many rat and mouse models of T2DM exist, the phenotyping of DPN has been challenging with inconsistencies across laboratories. To better characterize DPN in rodents, a consensus guideline was published in 2014 to accelerate the translation of preclinical findings. Here we review DPN phenotyping in rat models of T2DM against the 'Neurodiab' criteria to identify uptake of the guidelines and discuss how DPN phenotypes differ between models and according to diabetes duration and sex. A search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases identified 125 studies, categorised as either diet and/or chemically induced models or transgenic/spontaneous models of T2DM. The use of diet and chemically induced T2DM models has exceeded that of transgenic models in recent years, and the introduction of the Neurodiab guidelines has not appreciably increased the number of studies assessing all key DPN endpoints. Combined high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin rat models are the most frequently used and well characterised. Overall, we recommend adherence to Neurodiab guidelines for creating better animal models of DPN to accelerate translation and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jakir Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael D. Kendig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Meg E. Letton
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margaret J. Morris
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ria Arnold
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Exercise and Rehabilitation, School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Corresponding author: Ria Arnold https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-6587 Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Health Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia E-mail:
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22
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Bechmann N, Barthel A, Schedl A, Herzig S, Varga Z, Gebhard C, Mayr M, Hantel C, Beuschlein F, Wolfrum C, Perakakis N, Poston L, Andoniadou CL, Siow R, Gainetdinov RR, Dotan A, Shoenfeld Y, Mingrone G, Bornstein SR. Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 10:221-230. [PMID: 35114136 PMCID: PMC8803381 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that severity and mortality of COVID-19 is higher in men than in women, whereas women might be at increased risk of COVID-19 reinfection and development of long COVID. Differences between sexes have been observed in other infectious diseases and in the response to vaccines. Sex-specific expression patterns of proteins mediating virus binding and entry, and divergent reactions of the immune and endocrine system, in particular the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, in response to acute stress might explain the higher severity of COVID-19 in men. In this Personal View, we discuss how sex hormones, comorbidities, and the sex chromosome complement influence these mechanisms in the context of COVID-19. Due to its role in the severity and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infections, we argue that sexual dimorphism has potential implications for disease treatment, public health measures, and follow-up of patients predisposed to the development of long COVID. We suggest that sex differences could be considered in future pandemic surveillance and treatment of patients with COVID-19 to help to achieve better disease stratification and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Barthel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Medicover Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Schedl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program Inner Medicine I, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Gebhard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland; Department for Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Perakakis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cynthia L Andoniadou
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Siow
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Vascular Biology and Inflammation Section, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine and St Petersburg University Hospital, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arad Dotan
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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23
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Polydatin Alleviates Diabetes-Induced Hyposalivation through Anti-Glycation Activity in db/db Mouse. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010051. [PMID: 35056946 PMCID: PMC8777620 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydatin (resveratrol-3-O-β-mono-D-glucoside) is a polyphenol that can be easily accessed from peanuts, grapes, and red wine, and is known to have antiglycation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease, and diabetic complications are very common complications. The dry mouth symptom is one of the most common oral complaints in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is thought to promote hyposalivation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the improvement effect of polydatin on diabetes-induced hyposalivation in db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes. We examined salivary flow rate, TUNEL assay, PAS staining, and immunohistochemical staining for AGEs, RAGE, HMGB1, 8-OHdG, and AQP5 to evaluate the efficacy of polydatin in the submandibular salivary gland. Diabetic db/db mice had a decreased salivary flow rate and salivary gland weight. The salivary gland of the vehicle-treated db/db mice showed an increased apoptotic cell injury. The AGEs were highly accumulated, and its receptor, RAGE expression was also enhanced. Expressions of HMGB1, an oxidative cell damage marker, and 8-OHdG, an oxidative DNA damage marker, increased greatly. However, polydatin ameliorated this hypofunction of the salivary gland and inhibited diabetes-related salivary cell injury. Furthermore, polydatin improved mucin accumulation, which is used as a damage marker for salivary gland acinar cells, and decreased expression of water channel AQP5 was improved by polydatin. In conclusion, polydatin has a potent protective effect on diabetes-related salivary gland hypofunction through its antioxidant and anti-glycation activities, and its AQP5 upregulation. This result suggests the possibility of the use of polydatin as a therapeutic drug to improve hyposalivation caused by diabetes.
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24
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Hooper KM. What lies beyond 100 years of insulin. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm049361. [PMID: 34752619 PMCID: PMC8592014 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been 100 years since the discovery of insulin. This revolutionary treatment saves the lives of millions of people living with diabetes, but much remains to be understood of its mechanisms and roles in homeostasis and disease. To celebrate this centenary, we explore areas of ongoing insulin research in diabetes, metabolic syndrome and beyond. Disease Models & Mechanisms aims to publish high-quality basic and pre-clinical research that advances our understanding of these conditions to facilitate clinical and public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M. Hooper
- The Company of Biologists, Bidder Building, Station Road, Cambridge CB24 9LF, UK
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25
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Eid SA, Feldman EL. Advances in diet-induced rodent models of metabolically acquired peripheral neuropathy. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:273425. [PMID: 34762126 PMCID: PMC8592018 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a severe complication that affects over 30% of prediabetic and 60% of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The metabolic syndrome is increasingly recognized as a major driver of PN. However, basic and translational research is needed to understand the mechanisms that contribute to nerve damage. Rodent models of diet-induced obesity, prediabetes, T2D and PN closely resemble the human disease and have proven to be instrumental for the study of PN mechanisms. In this Perspective article, we focus on the development, neurological characterization and dietary fat considerations of diet-induced rodent models of PN. We highlight the importance of investigating sex differences and discuss some of the challenges in translation from bench to bedside, including recapitulating the progressive nature of human PN and modeling neuropathic pain. We emphasize that future research should overcome these challenges in the quest to better mimic human PN in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie A Eid
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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26
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First person – Sarah Elzinga. Dis Model Mech 2021. [PMCID: PMC8077552 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Sarah Elzinga is first author on ‘Sex differences in insulin resistance, but not peripheral neuropathy, in a diet-induced prediabetes mouse model’, published in DMM. Sarah is a postdoc in the lab of Eva Feldman at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, investigating immune-mediated mechanisms that promote neurodegeneration in obesity, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
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