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Hao X, Long X, Fan L, Gou J, Liu Y, Fu Y, Zhao H, Xie X, Wang D, Liang G, Ye Y, Wang J, Li S, Zeng C. Prenatal LPS leads to increases in RAS expression within the PVN and overactivation of sympathetic outflow in offspring rats. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:2363-2376. [PMID: 38969805 PMCID: PMC11374713 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are two major blood pressure-regulating systems. The link between the renal and cerebral RAS axes was provided by reflex activation of renal afferents and efferent sympathetic nerves. There is a self-sustaining enhancement of the brain and the intrarenal RAS. In this study, prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to increased RAS activity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and overactivation of sympathetic outflow, accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disturbances between inhibitory and excitatory neurons in PVN. The AT1 receptor blocker losartan and α2 adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine in the PVN significantly decreased renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and synchronously reduced systolic blood pressure. Prenatal LPS stimulation caused H3 acetylation at H3K9 and H3K14 in the PVN, which suggested that epigenetic changes are involved in transmitting the prenatal adverse stimulative information to the next generation. Additionally, melatonin treatment during pregnancy reduced RAS activity and ROS levels in the PVN; balanced the activity of inhibitory and excitatory neurons in the PVN; increased urine sodium secretion; reduced RSNA and blood pressure. In conclusion, prenatal LPS leads to increased RAS expression within the PVN and overactivation of the sympathetic outflow, thereby contributing to hypertension in offspring rats. Melatonin is expected to be a promising agent for preventing prenatal LPS exposure-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Hao
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xueting Long
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jijia Gou
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yifan Fu
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Department of human Anatomy and Histoembryology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yujia Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Sanqiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China.
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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George S, Blum HR, Torres‐Zelada EF, Estep GN, Hegazy YA, Speer GM, Weake VM. The interaction between the Dbf4 ortholog Chiffon and Gcn5 is conserved in Dipteran insect species. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:734-746. [PMID: 35789507 PMCID: PMC9796610 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chiffon is the sole Drosophila ortholog of Dbf4, the regulatory subunit for the cell-cycle kinase Cdc7 that initiates DNA replication. In Drosophila, the chiffon gene encodes two polypeptides with independent activities. Chiffon-A contains the conserved Dbf4 motifs and interacts with Cdc7 to form the Dbf4-dependent Kinase (DDK) complex, which is essential for a specialized form of DNA replication. In contrast, Chiffon-B binds the histone acetyltransferase Gcn5 to form the Chiffon histone acetyltransferase (CHAT) complex, which is necessary for histone H3 acetylation and viability. Previous studies have shown that the Chiffon-B region is only present within insects. However, it was unclear how widely the interaction between Chiffon-B and Gcn5 was conserved among insect species. To examine this, we performed yeast two-hybrid assays using Chiffon-B and Gcn5 from a variety of insect species and found that Chiffon-B and Gcn5 interact in Diptera species such as Australian sheep blowfly and yellow fever mosquito. Protein domain analysis identified that Chiffon-B has features of acidic transcriptional activators such as Gal4 or VP16. We propose that the CHAT complex plays a critical role in a biological process that is unique to Dipterans and could therefore be a potential target for pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha George
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Present address:
Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsMichiganUSA
| | - Hannah R. Blum
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | | | - Grace N. Estep
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | | | - Gina M. Speer
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Vikki M. Weake
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer ResearchPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
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First person – Eliana Torres-Zelada. J Cell Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Eliana Torres-Zelada is first author on ‘ Chiffon triggers global histone H3 acetylation and expression of developmental genes in Drosophila embryos’, published in JCS. Eliana conducted the research described in this article while a PhD student in Vikki Weake's lab at Purdue University, Indiana, USA. She is now a postdoc in the lab of Melissa Harrison at University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, USA, investigating Drosophila Gcn5-containing complexes and their function in gene expression regulation and fly development.
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