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Shemer A, Zloto K, Peretz Z, Eting E, Or L, Pras E, Dubinsky-Pertzov B. RATES OF RECURRENT RETINAL DETACHMENT AFTER VAGINAL VERSUS CESAREAN DELIVERIES: A Retrospective Analysis and Review of the Literature. Retina 2024; 44:78-82. [PMID: 37607406 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the risk of a retinal redetachment in women after vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis of patients diagnosed with retinal detachment (RD) who had later delivered in one tertiary medical center. Recurrence rates of RD were obtained from medical charts. RESULTS A total of 967 women with RDs were evaluated, and 66 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age at the time of RD was 22.64 ± 5.81 SD years and 21.75 ± 5.47 SD years in the vaginal delivery group and the cesarean section group, respectively. None of the patients had a history of eye surgery or traumatic eye injury before the event of RD. In all patients, the detached retina was surgically reattached. Retinal detachment was not recorded in the fellow eye during follow-up. We report four cases of redetachment after birth in four women. In our study, there was a 5% rate (n = 2) of RD after a vaginal delivery as compared with a 7.5% (n = 2) redetachment rate for patients after a cesarean delivery ( P = 0.654). CONCLUSION The risk of a redetachment of the retina in women is not increased after a vaginal delivery as compared with a cesarean delivery. Therefore, in our opinion, there is no ophthalmic benefit in a cesarean section for a woman with prior RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Shemer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Keren Zloto
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ziv Peretz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
| | - Eva Eting
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Lior Or
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Eran Pras
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Biana Dubinsky-Pertzov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center (formerly Assaf-Harofeh), Tzrifin, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
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Uhawenimana TC, Musabwasoni MGS, Nsengiyumva R, Mukamana D. Sexuality and Sexual and Reproductive Health Depiction in Social Media: Content Analysis of Kinyarwanda YouTube Channels. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e46488. [PMID: 37756040 PMCID: PMC10568387 DOI: 10.2196/46488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media platforms such as YouTube can be used to educate people of reproductive age about healthy and nonrisky sexual and reproductive health (SRH) practices and behaviors. However, there is a paucity of evidence to ascertain the authenticity of sexuality and SRH content on Kinyarwanda YouTube, making it difficult to determine the extent to which these topics are covered, the characteristics of available videos, and the themes covered by these videos. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were (1) to determine the extent to which YouTube channels in Kinyarwanda-language videos address sexuality and SRH issues, identify the general characteristics of the available videos (type of video, when published, intention for the audience, and content focus), and the aspects of sexuality and SRH covered; and (2) to identify the themes covered by retrieved Kinyarwanda videos, and the extent to which the channels have been used to communicate issues of sexuality and SRH during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Using a content analysis approach, we searched Kinyarwanda YouTube channels to analyze videos about sexuality and SRH. The adopted framework for data collection from social media platforms builds on three key steps: (1) development, (2) application, and (3) assessment of search filters. To be included, an audio and/or visual video had to be in Kinyarwanda and the video had to be directed to the general public. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages) were computed to characterize the basic characteristics of retrieved channels, portrayal of the videos, and presentation of sexuality and SRH themes that emerged from retrieved videos. Further analysis involved cross-tabulations to explore associations between the focus of the channel and the date when the channel was opened and the focus of the channel and who was involved in the video. RESULTS The YouTube search retrieved 21,506 videos that tackled sexuality and SRH topics. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 4-fold increase (from 7.2% to 30.6%) in channels that solely focused on sexually explicit content. The majority of the 1369 retrieved channels (n=1150, 84.0%) tackled the topic of sexuality, with sexually explicit content predominantly found in the majority of these videos (n=1082, 79%), and only 16% (n=287) of the videos covered SRH topics. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to analyze the use of YouTube in communicating about sexuality and SRH in the Kinyarwanda language. This study relied on videos that appeared online. Further research should gather information about who accesses the videos, and how channel owners and individuals involved in the videos perceive the impact of their videos on the Rwandan community's sexuality and SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Claudien Uhawenimana
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Marie Grace Sandra Musabwasoni
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Richard Nsengiyumva
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Donatilla Mukamana
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Evangelista C. In the Right Place, at the Right Time: Autobiographical Case Report of an Ophthalmologist Who Had a Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Cureus 2022; 14:e21247. [PMID: 35186535 PMCID: PMC8844227 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a medical eye emergency that can lead to loss of vision, especially if not promptly treated. High myopia, retinal holes or tears, previous surgery, and trauma have been identified as risk factors for developing RRD. Although some obstetricians may believe labor or vaginal delivery increases the risk for RRD, there has been no significant evidence in the literature to support a correlation. This is a case report of a retinal detachment a month after childbirth as experienced by me, an ophthalmologist.
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Anton N, Doroftei B, Ilie OD, Ciuntu RE, Bogdănici CM, Nechita-Dumitriu I. A Narrative Review of the Complex Relationship between Pregnancy and Eye Changes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1329. [PMID: 34441264 PMCID: PMC8394444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a condition often characterized by changes that occur in different parts of the body. Generally, the eyes suffer several changes during pregnancy that are usually transient but may become permanent at times. This may occur due to the release of placental hormones and those of maternal endocrine glands and fetal adrenal glands. Due to hormonal influences, physiological ocular changes during pregnancy have been shown in Caucasian women, so corneal sensitivity, refractive status, intraocular pressure, and visual acuity may change during pregnancy. Within this review, all studies that referred to physiological aspects and to changes of ocular pathology of pregnancy, the effect of the pregnancy on pre-existing (diabetic retinopathy, neuro-ophthalmic disorders) eye disorders, postpartum ocular changes, the intraocular pressure and the effect of hypotensive ophthalmic medicine during pregnancy, the connection between pregnancy and the neuro-ophthalmic pathology, as well as the role of anesthesia were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Anton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (N.A.); (R.-E.C.); (C.M.B.); (I.N.-D.)
- Ophthalmology Clinic, “Saint Spiridon” Emergency Clinic Hospital, Independence Avenue, No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Doroftei
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street, No. 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Roxana-Elena Ciuntu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (N.A.); (R.-E.C.); (C.M.B.); (I.N.-D.)
- Ophthalmology Clinic, “Saint Spiridon” Emergency Clinic Hospital, Independence Avenue, No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Margareta Bogdănici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (N.A.); (R.-E.C.); (C.M.B.); (I.N.-D.)
- Ophthalmology Clinic, “Saint Spiridon” Emergency Clinic Hospital, Independence Avenue, No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Nechita-Dumitriu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (N.A.); (R.-E.C.); (C.M.B.); (I.N.-D.)
- Ophthalmology Clinic, “Saint Spiridon” Emergency Clinic Hospital, Independence Avenue, No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Abdelaal AM, Alqahtani AS. Mode of Delivery in the Setting of Repeated Vitreous Hemorrhages in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2020; 12:e11239. [PMID: 33269167 PMCID: PMC7704266 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The state of pregnancy affects all organ systems including the eyes. Progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a known association. In proliferative DR, there is an increased risk of vitreous hemorrhage (VH) during spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) due to the Valsalva maneuver. A 30-year-old female with poorly controlled type I diabetes and hypothyroidism on treatment was following up with the antenatal services at our hospital. This was her second pregnancy having had a previous miscarriage. Three months into her pregnancy, our Ophthalmology service was consulted to assess her and give our advice regarding the safest mode of delivery for her. Questioning revealed that she was following regularly elsewhere for proliferate DR with previous interventions and history of multiple and repeated VHs. When she was seen in our Ophthalmology clinic, she was anxious about the mode of delivery that was best suited for her with regard to her ocular condition. On examination, her visual acuity (VA) without correction was 20/40 in both eyes, improving to 20/20 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye after refraction. Her intra-ocular pressure was normal. A dilated fundus examination (DFE) showed changes of high-risk proliferative DR in both eyes and a VH in the right eye. Subsequent follow-up did not reveal any new complaints or concerns. She required one session of pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) in her first-trimester visit. DFE showed improvement in VH when compared to her initial examination. After discussing her condition with her obstetrician, it was decided to offer the patient a cesarean section (C/S) delivery, as her risk of developing VH during SVD was greater than normal. At 38 weeks of gestation, she delivered a healthy boy following an uneventful elective C/S. There were no visual complaints throughout her admission for the procedure or thereafter. During the reproductive age, DR is a leading cause of decreased vision. Pregnancy is an independent risk factor for progression of DR, with the stage of DR prior to conception being another. If not managed well, proliferative DR can result in VH, with the risk also existing in relation to SVD due to recurrent Valsalva maneuvers during labor. Our patient who initially presented with proliferative DR in both eyes and a VH in the right eye received one session of PRP to both eyes in the first trimester and was closely followed up throughout her pregnancy thereafter. When her due date neared, it was decided that the safest and most suitable mode of delivery was an elective C/S due to her increased risk of VH related to Valsalva maneuvers during SVD, especially since this was to be her first delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdelaal
- Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
- Ophthalmology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdullah S Alqahtani
- Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
- Ophthalmology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glaucoma management during pregnancy is a complex challenge, which requires balancing the clinical disease of the mother with the potential risks of therapy to the developing child. Because systematic studies are lacking in the pregnant population, this review aims to collect the array of available data from observational studies and case reports to provide the reader with guidance and context for the safety of glaucoma interventions during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS Surgical glaucoma is a rapidly expanding field with many new technologies and procedures. We review the surgical options for the gravid patient with reference to traditional procedures like trabeculectomy and tube-shunts, and newer MIGS procedures. When indicated, orphan trabeculectomy, or with collagen matrix implant may be a viable solution for severe glaucoma during pregnancy. Newer MIGS procedures such as the gelatin stent may also provide minimally invasive options for pregnant patients. Two new medications, Vyzulta and Rhopressa, were recently released in 2018 and have limited data to support their safety for use during pregnancy. SUMMARY The careful consideration of fetal health in the management of glaucoma during pregnancy is best done as a part of a multidisciplinary team including obstetrics and neonatology. When medication is necessary, steps to minimize systemic absorption should be employed. Surgical management should not be excluded for pregnant patients and may be considered before medical management in some cases to prevent fetal exposures and maternal harm.
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Psenkova P, Bucko M, Braticak M, Baneszova R, Zahumensky J. Impact of introducing specific measures to reduce the frequency of cesarean delivery for non-obstetric indications. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2018; 142:23-27. [DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Psenkova
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine in Bratislava of the Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- University Hospital Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Marek Bucko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Trnava University Hospital; Trnava Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Braticak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Trnava University Hospital; Trnava Slovak Republic
| | - Ruth Baneszova
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine in Bratislava of the Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- University Hospital Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Zahumensky
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine in Bratislava of the Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
- University Hospital Bratislava; Bratislava Slovak Republic
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Marcos-Figueiredo P, Marcos-Figueiredo A, Menéres P, Braga J. Ocular Changes During Pregnancy. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2018; 40:32-42. [PMID: 28783856 PMCID: PMC10416176 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1605366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is needed for the perpetuation of the human species, and it leads to physiological adaptations of the various maternal organs and systems. The eye, although a closed space, also undergoes some modifications, most of which are relatively innocuous, but they may occasionally become pathological. For women, pregnancy is a susceptibility period; however, for many obstetricians, their knowledge of the ocular changes that occur during pregnancy tends to be limited. For this reason, this is a important area of study as is necessary the development of guidelines to approach those changes. Of equal importance are the knowledge of the possible therapies for ophthalmological problems in this period and the evaluation of the mode of delivery in particular conditions. For this article, an extensive review of the literature was performed, and a summary of the findings is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Menéres
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Braga
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte (CMIN), CHP, Porto, Portugal
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Effect of Uterine Fundal Pressure on Maternal Intraocular Pressure in Cesarean Delivery. J Glaucoma 2017; 26:708-711. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Amigó A, Bonaque-González S, Recuerda M, González-Dorta M. Relación entre el parto natural y el desprendimiento de retina regmatógeno en pacientes miopes. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chiu H, Steele D, McAlister C, Lam WC. Delivery recommendations for pregnant females with risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Can J Ophthalmol 2014; 50:11-8. [PMID: 25677277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-risk pathologies for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in otherwise healthy pregnant females are not contraindications for spontaneous vaginal delivery. However, 74% of European obstetrician-gynecologist (OBGYN) respondents in 2008 recommended operative delivery for females at risk for RRD. This discrepancy is likely due to an older study suggesting a causal relation between Valsalva-like manoeuvres and RRD. The purpose of this study is to determine current delivery recommendations for healthy pregnant females with high-risk pathologies for RRD among Canadian ophthalmologists and OBGYNs. METHODS Anonymous prospective cross-sectional survey sent via electronic link in 2013. χ(2) test of proportions was used to compare delivery recommendations between the 2 specialties. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify predictors for recommendations. RESULTS A total of 356 participants responded including 92 ophthalmologists and 27 trainees, and 185 OBGYNs and 52 trainees. For healthy pregnant females with previously treated retinal hole/tear or treated RRD, significantly more OBGYNs recommended cesarean section and significantly more ophthalmologists recommended spontaneous vaginal delivery. Length of practice and type of practice setting were significant predictors among obstetricians in their delivery recommendations. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to include obstetricians, ophthalmologists, and their trainees in a survey of the recommended mode of delivery for pregnant females with risk factors of RRD. Our results suggest that obstetricians concerned about potential RRD in pregnant patients may be unnecessarily recommending operative management. Educational sessions on the risk for RRD with spontaneous vaginal delivery may reconcile the current differences in recommendations between ophthalmologists and obstetricians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences
| | - Donna Steele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital
| | | | - Wai-Ching Lam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont..
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Feltgen N, Walter P. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment--an ophthalmologic emergency. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 111:12-21; quiz 22. [PMID: 24565273 PMCID: PMC3948016 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common retinological emergency threatening vision, with an incidence of 1 in 10 000 persons per year, corresponding to about 8000 new cases in Germany annually. Without treatment, blindness in the affected eye may result. METHOD Selective review of the literature. RESULTS Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment typically presents with the perception of light flashes, floaters, or a "dark curtain." In most cases, the retinal tear is a consequence of degeneration of the vitreous body. Epidemiologic studies have identified myopia and prior cataract surgery as the main risk factors. Persons in the sixth and seventh decades of life are most commonly affected. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is an emergency, and all patients should be seen by an ophthalmologist on the same day that symptoms arise. The treatment consists of scleral buckle, removal of the vitreous body (vitrectomy), or a combination of the two. Anatomical success rates are in the range of 85% to 90%. Vitrectomy is followed by lens opacification in more than 70% of cases. The earlier the patient is seen by an ophthalmologist, the greater the chance that the macula is still attached, so that visual acuity can be preserved. CONCLUSION Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is among the main emergency indications in ophthalmology. In all such cases, an ophthalmologist must be consulted at once.
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