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Graziano S, Marmiroli N, Gullì M. Proteomic analysis of reserve proteins in commercial rice cultivars. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1788-1797. [PMID: 32328244 PMCID: PMC7174207 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice consumption is rising in western countries with the adoption of new nutritional styles, which require the avoidance of gluten. Nevertheless, there are reports of rice allergic reactions. Rice grains contain a low amount of proteins most of which are storage proteins represented by glutelins, prolamins, albumins, and globulins. Some of these proteins are seed allergenic proteins as α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor, globulins, β-glyoxylase, and several glutelins. Italy is the major rice producer in Europe, and for this, seed reserve proteins of four Italian rice cultivars were characterized by 2D-GE analysis. Some differentially abundant proteins were identified and classified as allergenic proteins, prompting a further characterization of the genes encoding some of these proteins. In particular, a deletion in the promoter region of the 19 KDa globulin gene has been identified, which may be responsible for the different abundance of the protein in the Karnak cultivar. This polymorphism can be applied for cultivar identification in commercial samples. Seed proteome was characterized by a variable combination of several proteins, which may determine a different allergenic potential. Proteomic and genomic allowed to identify the protein profile of four commercial cultivars and to develop a molecular marker useful for the analysis of commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Graziano
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMAUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle ScienzeParmaItaly
- Department of ChemistryLife Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
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Tsuyukubo M, Tsukui S, Mabashi Y, Hamamori A, Oda K, Iwashita K, Usui T, Kasai M, Ookura T. Localization of Pullulanase- and α-glucosidase-like Immuno-reactivity in Non-glutinous Rice Grains during Cooking. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.26.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Tsuyukubo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Shinya Tsukui
- Food Function Division, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, College of Biological Science, Tsukuba University
| | - Yuka Mabashi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Anna Hamamori
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Ken Oda
- National Research Institute of Brewing
| | - Kazuhiro Iwashita
- National Research Institute of Brewing
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate, School of Advanced Science of Matter, Hiroshima University
| | - Takeo Usui
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, College of Biological Science, Tsukuba University
| | - Midori Kasai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Tetsuya Ookura
- Food Function Division, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Sasou A, Shigemitsu T, Morita S, Masumura T. The localization of rice prolamin species in protein body type I is determined by the temporal control of gene expression of the respective prolamin promoters. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2018; 35:405-409. [PMID: 31892830 PMCID: PMC6905216 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.18.0918a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice prolamin species form a layered structure in the protein body type I (PB-I) storage organelle. Rice prolamins are classified as 10 kDa, 13a-1, 13a-2, 13b-1, 13b-2 and 16 kDa prolamin. Prolamin species form layer structure in PB-I in order of 10 kDa core, 13b-1 layer, 13a (13a-1 and 13a-2) and 16 kDa middle layer and 13b-2 outer-most layer. In a previous study, we showed that the fusion proteins in 13b-2 prolamin-GFP, 13a-1 prolamin-GFP and 10 kDa prolamin-GFP were localized in the same layer of PB-I as the native prolamin, when they were expressed by their respective native prolamin promoters. Our preliminary study suggested that the temporal control of the native prolamin promoters was responsible for the localization of the respective prolamins. The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of a prolamin promoter other than the native prolamin promoter would change the localization of prolamin-GFP fusion proteins. For this purpose, we generated transgenic lines expressing 13b-2 prolamin-GFP and 13a-1 prolamin-GFP fusion proteins driven by each prolamin promoter other than the native prolamin promoter. As a result, the localization of the fusion protein in PB-I was changed. Based on our results, foreign protein localization in PB-I can be achieved by the temporal control of the different prolamin promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sasou
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takanari Shigemitsu
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
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Genda T, Sasaki Y, Kondo T, Hino S, Nishimura N, Tsukahara T, Sonoyama K, Morita T. Fructo-oligosaccharide-Induced Transient Increases in Cecal Immunoglobulin A Concentrations in Rats Are Associated with Mucosal Inflammation in Response to Increased Gut Permeability. J Nutr 2017; 147:1900-1908. [PMID: 28835391 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.253955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The mechanism underlying transient increases in immunoglobulin (Ig) A concentrations in the cecal contents of rats fed fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) is unclear.Objective: This study was designed to test whether increased IgA concentrations represent one aspect of the inflammatory response to increased permeability induced by FOS in the cecum.Methods: Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were fed a fiber-free semipurified diet (FFP) with or without supplemental FOS (60 g/kg diet) for 9 or 58 d [experiment (expt.) 1], 7 d (expt. 2), or 7 or 56 d (expt. 3). In addition to measuring IgA concentrations in cecal content, we assessed gut permeability, inflammatory responses (expt. 1), the number of IgA plasma cells in the cecal lamina propria, polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) expression in the cecal mucosa (expt. 2), and the condition of the cecal mucus layer (expt. 3).Results: The cecal IgA concentration in the FOS-fed rats was 15-fold higher than that of the rats fed FFP for 9 d (P < 0.05). Gut permeability estimated by urinary chromium-EDTA excretion, bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, myeloperoxidase activity, and expression of inflammatory cytokine genes in the cecal mucosa was greater in the FOS-fed rats than in the rats fed FFP for 9 d. These effects were not observed in the rats fed FOS for 58 d (expt. 1). Accompanying the higher cecal IgA concentration, pIgR protein and the number of IgA plasma cells in the cecal mucosa were higher in the FOS-fed rats than in the rats fed FFP for 7 d (expt. 2). Destruction of the mucus layer on the epithelial surface, as evidenced by Alcian blue staining in the cecal sections, was evident in the rats fed FOS for 7 d, but the mucus layer appeared normal in the rats fed FOS for 56 d (expt. 3).Conclusions: These findings suggest that transient increases in cecal IgA concentrations induced by FOS in rats are associated with mucosal inflammation in response to increased gut permeability; these are presumably evoked by disruption of the cecal mucus barrier. The observed responses could contribute to the maturation of the gut immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuta Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology and
| | | | - Shingo Hino
- College of Agriculture, Academic Institute, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naomichi Nishimura
- College of Agriculture, Academic Institute, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Kei Sonoyama
- Division of Fundamental AgriScience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- College of Agriculture, Academic Institute, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan;
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Sasou A, Shigemitsu T, Morita S, Masumura T. Accumulation of foreign polypeptides to rice seed protein body type I using prolamin portion sequences. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:481-491. [PMID: 28028608 PMCID: PMC5316557 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rice prolamins are accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived proteins bodies, although conserved sequences retained in ER are not confirmed. We investigated portion sequences of prolamins that must accumulate in PB-Is. Rice seed prolamins are accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived protein body type I (PB-I), but ER retention sequences in rice prolamin polypeptides have not been confirmed. Here we investigated the lengths of the prolamin portion sequences required for accumulation in PB-Is. Of the rice prolamins, we compared 13a and 13b prolamins because the amino acid sequences of these prolamins are quite similar except for the presence or absence of Cys-residues. We also generated and analyzed transgenic rice expressing several prolamin portion sequence-GFP fusion proteins. We observed that in 13a prolamin, when the portion sequences were extended more than the 68th amino acid residue from the initiating methionine, the prolamin portion sequence-GFP fusion proteins were accumulated in PB-Is. In 13b prolamin, when the portion sequences were extended by more than the 82nd amino acid residue from the initiating methionine, the prolamin portion sequence-GFP fusion proteins were accumulated in PB-Is. When those fusion proteins were extracted under non-reduced or reduced conditions, the 13a prolamin portion sequence-GFP fusion proteins in PB-Is were soluble under only the reduced condition. In contrast, 13b prolamin portion sequence-GFP fusion proteins were soluble under both non-reduced and reduced conditions. These results suggest that the accumulation of 13a prolamin in PB-Is is associated with the formation of disulfide bonds and/or hydrophobicity in 13a prolamin polypeptide, whereas the accumulation of 13b prolamin in PB-Is was less involved in the formation of disulfide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sasou
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takanari Shigemitsu
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan.
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan.
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Sasou A, Shigemitsu T, Saito Y, Tanaka M, Morita S, Masumura T. Control of foreign polypeptide localization in specific layers of protein body type I in rice seed. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1287-1295. [PMID: 26910860 PMCID: PMC4865541 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Prolamin-GFP fusion proteins, expressed under the control of native prolamin promoters, were localized in specific layers of PB-Is. Prolamin-GFP fusion proteins were gradually digested from outside by pepsin digestion. In rice seed endosperm, protein body type I (PB-I) has a layered structure consisting of prolamin species and is the resistant to digestive juices in the intestinal tract. We propose the utilization of PB-Is as an oral vaccine carrier to induce mucosal immune response effectively. If vaccine antigens are localized in a specific layer within PB-Is, they could be protected from gastric juice and be delivered intact to the small intestine. We observed the localization of GFP fluorescence in transgenic rice endosperm expressing prolamin-GFP fusion proteins with native prolamin promoters, and we confirmed that the foreign proteins were located in specific layers of PB-Is artificially. Each prolamin-GFP fusion protein was localized in specific layers of PB-Is, such as the outer-most layer, middle layer, and core region. Furthermore, to investigate the resistance of prolamin-GFP fusion proteins against pepsin digestion, we performed in vitro pepsin treatment. Prolamin-GFP fusion proteins were gradually digested from the peripheral region and the contours of PB-Is were made rough by in vitro pepsin treatment. These findings suggested that prolamin-GFP fusion proteins accumulating specific layers of PB-Is were gradually digested and exposed from the outside by pepsin digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sasou
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takanari Shigemitsu
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Yuhi Saito
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Manami Tanaka
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan.
- Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Technology Research Center, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0244, Japan.
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7
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Vázquez-Gutiérrez JL, Langton M. Current potential and limitations of immunolabeling in cereal grain research. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Midorikawa K, Kuroda M, Terauchi K, Hoshi M, Ikenaga S, Ishimaru Y, Abe K, Asakura T. Additional nitrogen fertilization at heading time of rice down-regulates cellulose synthesis in seed endosperm. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98738. [PMID: 24905454 PMCID: PMC4048278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance between carbon and nitrogen is a key determinant of seed storage components, and thus, is of great importance to rice and other seed-based food crops. To clarify the influence of the rhizosphere carbon/nitrogen balance during the maturation stage of several seed components, transcriptome analysis was performed on the seeds from rice plants that were provided additional nitrogen fertilization at heading time. As a result, it was assessed that genes associated with molecular processes such as photosynthesis, trehalose metabolism, carbon fixation, amino acid metabolism, and cell wall metabolism were differentially expressed. Moreover, cellulose and sucrose synthases, which are involved in cellulose synthesis, were down-regulated. Therefore, we compared cellulose content of mature seeds that were treated with additional nitrogen fertilization with those from control plants using calcofluor staining. In these experiments, cellulose content in endosperm from plants receiving additional nitrogen fertilization was less than that in control endosperm. Other starch synthesis-related genes such as starch synthase 1, starch phosphorylase 2, and branching enzyme 3 were also down-regulated, whereas some α-amylase and β-amylase genes were up-regulated. On the other hand, mRNA expression of amino acid biosynthesis-related molecules was up-regulated. Moreover, additional nitrogen fertilization caused accumulation of storage proteins and up-regulated Cys-poor prolamin mRNA expression. These data suggest that additional nitrogen fertilization at heading time changes the expression of some storage substance-related genes and reduces cellulose levels in endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Midorikawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Crop Development Division, NARO Agricultural Research Center, Inada, Joetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaede Terauchi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Hoshi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ikenaga
- Field Crop and Horticulture Research Division, NARO Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Food Safety and Reliability Project, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Saito Y, Shigemitsu T, Yamasaki R, Sasou A, Goto F, Kishida K, Kuroda M, Tanaka K, Morita S, Satoh S, Masumura T. Formation mechanism of the internal structure of type I protein bodies in rice endosperm: relationship between the localization of prolamin species and the expression of individual genes. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 70:1043-55. [PMID: 22348505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.04947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice prolamins, a group of seed storage proteins, are synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and form type I protein bodies (PB-Is) in endosperm cells. Rice prolamins are encoded by a multigene family. In this study, the spatial accumulation patterns of various prolamin species in rice endosperm cells were investigated to determine the mechanism of formation of the internal structure of PB-Is. Immunofluorescence microscopic analysis of mature endosperm cells showed that the 10 kDa prolamin is mainly localized in the core of the PB-Is, the 13b prolamin is localized in the inner layer surrounding the core and the outermost layer, and the 13a and 16 kDa prolamins are localized in the middle layer. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that expression of the mRNA for 10 kDa prolamin precedes expression of 13a, 13b-1 and 16 kDa prolamin in the developing stages. mRNA expression for 13b-2 prolamin occurred after that of the other prolamin species. Immunoelectron microscopy of developing seeds showed that the 10 kDa prolamin polypeptide initially accumulates in the ER, and then 13b, 13a, 16 kDa and 13b prolamins are stacked in layers within the ER. Studies with transgenic rice seeds expressing prolamin-GFP fusion proteins under the control of native and constitutive promoters indicated that the temporal expression pattern of prolamin genes influenced the localization of prolamin proteins within the PB-Is. These findings indicate that the control of gene expression of prolamin species contributes to the internal structure of PB-Is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhi Saito
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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Shigemitsu T, Ozaki S, Saito Y, Kuroda M, Morita S, Satoh S, Masumura T. Production of human growth hormone in transgenic rice seeds: co-introduction of RNA interference cassette for suppressing the gene expression of endogenous storage proteins. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2012; 31:539-49. [PMID: 22108719 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice seeds are potentially useful hosts for the production of pharmaceutical proteins. However, low yields of recombinant proteins have been observed in many cases because recombinant proteins compete with endogenous storage proteins. Therefore, we attempt to suppress endogenous seed storage proteins by RNA interference (RNAi) to develop rice seeds as a more efficient protein expression system. In this study, human growth hormone (hGH) was expressed in transgenic rice seeds using an endosperm-specific promoter from a 10 kDa rice prolamin gene. In addition, an RNAi cassette for reduction of endogenous storage protein expressions was inserted into the hGH expression construct. Using this system, the expression levels of 13 kDa prolamin and glutelin were effectively suppressed and hGH polypeptides accumulated to 470 μg/g dry weight at the maximum level in transgenic rice seeds. These results suggest that the suppression of endogenous protein gene expression by RNAi could be of great utility for increasing transgene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Shigemitsu
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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Saito Y, Kishida K, Takata K, Takahashi H, Shimada T, Tanaka K, Morita S, Satoh S, Masumura T. A green fluorescent protein fused to rice prolamin forms protein body-like structures in transgenic rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2009; 60:615-27. [PMID: 19129168 PMCID: PMC2651459 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Prolamins, a group of rice (Oryza sativa) seed storage proteins, are synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and deposited in ER-derived type I protein bodies (PB-Is) in rice endosperm cells. The accumulation mechanism of prolamins, which do not possess the well-known ER retention signal, remains unclear. In order to elucidate whether the accumulation of prolamin in the ER requires seed-specific factors, the subcellular localization of the constitutively expressed green fluorescent protein fused to prolamin (prolamin-GFP) was examined in seeds, leaves, and roots of transgenic rice plants. The prolamin-GFP fusion proteins accumulated not only in the seeds but also in the leaves and roots. Microscopic observation of GFP fluorescence and immunocytochemical analysis revealed that prolamin-GFP fusion proteins specifically accumulated in PB-Is in the endosperm, whereas they were deposited in the electron-dense structures in the leaves and roots. The ER chaperone BiP was detected in the structures in the leaves and roots. The results show that the aggregation of prolamin-GFP fusion proteins does not depend on the tissues, suggesting that the prolamin-GFP fusion proteins accumulate in the ER by forming into aggregates. The findings bear out the importance of the assembly of prolamin molecules and the interaction of prolamin with BiP in the formation of ER-derived PBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhi Saito
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Koichi Kishida
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Takata
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takeaki Shimada
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kunisuke Tanaka
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
| | - Shigeru Satoh
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kitainayazuma, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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