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Kirsoy F, Yalniz M, Bahçecioğlu İH, Artaş H, Türkoğlu S, Solmaz O, Tawheed A. The gut-pancreas axis: investigating the relationship between microbiota metabolites and pancreatic steatosis. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03685-6. [PMID: 38981984 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of pancreatic steatosis has increased and it has been linked to the rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is known to have a strong connection with changes in intestinal microbiota. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between pancreatic steatosis and the levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and butyrate. In this study, 136 individuals were randomly selected from outpatient clinics at Firat University Hospital. The study evaluated their demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical parameters. The presence of pancreatic steatosis was assessed using abdominal ultrasonography. Additionally, the levels of TMAO and butyrate were measured. The mean age of individuals in the study was 44.5 ± 14.6. 84 of the subjects were females. Using the waist circumference, 61 were considered obese and 34 overweight. The detection rate of pancreatic steatosis was found to be 70.6%. The study found that individuals with steatosis had higher average age, presence of hepatic steatosis, BMI, waist circumference measurements, and presence of metabolic syndrome than those without steatosis. A significantly higher butyrate level was detected in those without steatosis (p = 0.001). TMAO levels were slightly higher in patients without steatosis than in those with steatosis; however, this was insignificant. Pancreatic steatosis is highly associated with alterations in levels of microbiota metabolites, indicating a potential role of these metabolites in the pathogenesis of the disease and subsequent therapeutic targets. Several other factors, such as age, hepatic steatosis, diabetes, and waist circumference, have also been identified as potential predictors of pancreatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Kirsoy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yalniz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Artaş
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Semra Türkoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Onur Solmaz
- Department of Radiology, Batman Training and Research Hospital, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Tawheed
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
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Dubiel EA, Myler H, Arnold ME, Bennett P, Gatz J, Groeber E, Gupta S, Kane C, Li F, Mylott W, Noah C, O'Dell M, Tewalt E, Warrino D, Vick A. Biological Matrix Supply Chain Shortages: More Matrices Are Now Rare-the Case for Surrogate Matrices. AAPS J 2022; 24:42. [PMID: 35288790 PMCID: PMC8920421 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-022-00694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the biological matrix supply chain. An upsurge in demand driven by numerous COVID-19 therapeutic and vaccine development programs to combat the pandemic, along with logistical challenges sourcing and transporting matrix, has led to increased lead times for multiple matrices. Biological matrix shortages can potentially cause significant delays in drug development programs across the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry. Given the current circumstances, discussion is warranted around what will likely be increased use of surrogate matrices in support of pharmacokinetic (PK), immunogenicity, and biomarker assays for regulatory filings. Regulatory authorities permit the use of surrogate matrix in bioanalytical methods in instances where matrix is rare or difficult to obtain, as long as the surrogate is appropriately selected and scientifically justified. Herein, the scientific justification and possible regulatory implications of employing surrogate matrix in PK, immunogenicity, and biomarker assays are discussed. In addition, the unique challenges that cell and gene therapy (C>) and other innovative therapeutic modalities place on matrix supply chains are outlined. Matrix suppliers and contract research organizations (CROs) are actively implementing mitigation strategies to alleviate the current strain on the matrix supply chain and better prepare the industry for any future unexpected strains. To maintain ethical standards, these mitigation strategies include projecting matrix needs with suppliers at least 6 months in advance and writing or updating study protocols to allow for additional matrix draws from study subjects and/or re-purposing of subject matrix from one drug development program to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Dubiel
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA
| | - Heather Myler
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA.
| | - Mark E Arnold
- Labcorp Drug Development, 8211 SciCor Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46214, USA
| | - Patrick Bennett
- Alliance Pharma Inc., 17 Lee Blvd., Malvern, Pennsylvania, 19355, USA
| | - Jeff Gatz
- BioIVT LLC, PO Box 770, Hicksville, New York, 11802, USA
| | - Elizabeth Groeber
- Charles River Laboratories, 1407 George Rd, Ashland, Ohio, 44805, USA
| | - Seema Gupta
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA
| | - Cheikh Kane
- KCAS Bioanalytical and Biomarker Services, 12400 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Shawnee, Kansas, 66216, USA
| | - Fumin Li
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA
| | - William Mylott
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA
| | - Courtney Noah
- BioIVT LLC, PO Box 770, Hicksville, New York, 11802, USA
| | - Mark O'Dell
- Labcorp Drug Development, 8211 SciCor Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46214, USA
| | - Eric Tewalt
- PPD Clinical Research Services, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2244 Dabney Road, Richmond, Virginia, 23230-3323, USA
| | - Dominic Warrino
- KCAS Bioanalytical and Biomarker Services, 12400 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Shawnee, Kansas, 66216, USA
| | - Andrew Vick
- Charles River Laboratories, 1407 George Rd, Ashland, Ohio, 44805, USA
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