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Ye X, Fan F, Wen S. Cascaded transflective liquid crystal planar lenses enable multi-plane augmented reality. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5919-5922. [PMID: 37966752 DOI: 10.1364/ol.503343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we report and experimentally demonstrate the multi-plane augmented reality (AR) by combining the reflective polarization volume lens (PVL) and electrically controlled transmissive Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) liquid crystal (LC) lens. This strategy is based on the electrically controlled power-based approach, which significantly alleviates the challenge of vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) of the current near-eye display (NED). As a proof of concept, a birdbath architecture dual-plane optical see-through (OST) display was implemented experimentally by changing the power of the lens. The proposed method is expected to be a novel, to the best of our knowledge, NED that is compact, light, and fatigue-free.
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2
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Wang Z, Su Y, Pang Y, Feng Q, Lv G. A Depth-Enhanced Holographic Super Multi-View Display Based on Depth Segmentation. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1720. [PMID: 37763881 PMCID: PMC10535776 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A super multi-view (SMV) near-eye display (NED) effectively provides depth cues for three-dimensional (3D) display by projecting multiple viewpoint or parallax images onto the retina simultaneously. Previous SMV NED have suffered from a limited depth of field (DOF) due to a fixed image plane. In this paper, a holographic SMV Maxwellian display based on depth segmentation is proposed to enhance the DOF. The proposed approach involves capturing a set of parallax images and their corresponding depth maps. According to the depth maps, the parallax images are segmented into N sub-parallax images at different depth ranges. These sub-parallax images are then projected onto N image-recording planes (IRPs) of the corresponding depth for hologram computation. The wavefront at each IRP is calculated by multiplying the sub-parallax images with the corresponding spherical wave phases. Then, they are propagated to the hologram plane and added together to form a DOF-enhanced hologram. The simulation and experimental results are obtained to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in extending the DOF of the holographic SMV displays, while accurately preserving occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Academy of Photoelectric Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yumeng Su
- National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Academy of Photoelectric Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yujian Pang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Academy of Photoelectric Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Qibin Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Academy of Photoelectric Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guoqiang Lv
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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3
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Lin SF, Zhang SH, Zhao J, Rong L, Wang Y, Wang D. Binocular full-color holographic three-dimensional near eye display using a single SLM. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:2552-2565. [PMID: 36785266 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A binocular full-color holographic three-dimensional near eye display system using a single spatial light modulator (SLM) is proposed. In the display system, the frequency spectrum shifting operation and color spectrum shifting operation are adopted to realize the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and frequency superposition multiplexing (FSM) by manipulating the frequency spectrums of each color- and view-channel sub-holograms. The FDM combined with polarization multiplexing will be used to implement binocular display using a single SLM, and the FSM working with a bandpass filter for each view-channel will be used to achieve full-color display from single frame hologram. The optical analysis and experiments with 3D color objects confirm the feasibility of the proposed system in the practical application.
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4
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Yu P, Chen X, Zhang D, Gao J, Ma C, Zhang C, He Z, Wang D, Miao Z. Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Films on Flexible Substrates with Excellent Bending Resistance and Spacing Stability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:610-618. [PMID: 36541927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are very attractive due to their electrically switchable properties. However, current PDLC films still have problems such as high driving voltages, low contrast ratio (CR), and poor bending resistance and spacing stability. To solve these problems, a PDLC film with a system of coexisting polymer spacer columns and polymer network was proposed. First, based on the adhesive systems of IBMA and UV6301, the effects of IBMA concentration and LC content on the morphology of the polymer network and the electro-optical properties of PDLC were investigated, respectively. Then, the effects of the process conditions of mask polymerization such as temperature, time, and UV light intensity on the morphology and electro-optical properties of the polymer spacer columns were systematically investigated. It was found that PDLC films with the coexistence system exhibit both excellent electro-optical properties and outstanding bending resistance and spacing stability. Thus, it provides new practical possibilities for the preparation of high-performance PDLC films used in flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xianliang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dongxia Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Jianjing Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Cuihong Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Zemin He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zongcheng Miao
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electronics (IOPEN), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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5
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Zhang M, Li X, Long Z, Guo R, Gao W, Ma H, Sun Y. Effect of different monomers on the electro-optical properties of reverse-mode polymer stabilized liquid crystal. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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6
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Zhan X, Liu Y, Yang KL, Luo D. State-of-the-Art Development in Liquid Crystal Biochemical Sensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:577. [PMID: 36004973 PMCID: PMC9406035 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As an emerging stimuli-responsive material, liquid crystal (LC) has attracted great attentions beyond display applications, especially in the area of biochemical sensors. Its high sensitivity and fast response to various biological or chemical analytes make it possible to fabricate a simple, real-time, label-free, and cost-effective LC-based detection platform. Advancements have been achieved in the development of LC-based sensors, both in fundamental research and practical applications. This paper briefly reviews the state-of-the-art research on LC sensors in the biochemical field, from basic properties of LC material to the detection mechanisms of LC sensors that are categorized into LC-solid, LC-aqueous, and LC droplet platforms. In addition, various analytes detected by LCs are presented as a proof of the application value, including metal ions, nucleic acids, proteins, glucose, and some toxic chemical substances. Furthermore, a machine-learning-assisted LC sensing platform is realized to provide a foundation for device intelligence and automatization. It is believed that a portable, convenient, and user-friendly LC-based biochemical sensing device will be achieved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyun Zhan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road 1088, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road 1088, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road 1088, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
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7
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Lu F, Hua J, Zhou F, Xia Z, Li R, Chen L, Qiao W. Pixelated volume holographic optical element for augmented reality 3D display. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:15929-15938. [PMID: 36221447 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) three-dimensional (3D) display is the hardware entrance of metaverse and attracts great interest. The fusion of physical world with 3D virtual images is non-trivial. In this paper, we proposed an AR 3D display based on a pixelated volume holographic optical element (P-VHOE). The see-through combiner is prepared by spatial multiplexing. A prototype of AR 3D display with high diffraction efficiency (78.59%), high transmission (>80%) and non-repeating views is realized. Virtual 3D objects with high fidelity in depth is reconstructed by P-VHOE, with a complex wavelet structural similarity (CW-SSIM) value of 0.9882. The proposed prototype provides an efficient solution for a compact glasses-free AR 3D display. Potential applications include window display, exhibition, education, teleconference.
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8
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Yuan Y, Xie J, Ma Y, Luo D, Fan F, Wen S. Low-voltage-driven liquid crystal scattering-controllable device based on defects from rapidly varying boundary. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:957-960. [PMID: 35167568 DOI: 10.1364/ol.450620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we disclose a method to fabricate an electronically tunable liquid crystal (LC) device that can switch between scattering and transparent state. The light scattering domain is attributed to defects from a rapidly varying boundary based on planar random photo-alignment. Distinct from the LC/polymer composite or haze-control LC elements based on patterned electrodes or a well-designed mask, there is no requirement for a complicated process or other auxiliary additives, as only positive dielectric nematic LCs are required. The device exhibits low driving voltage, small power consumption, and good ability to hide images, where the transparent state only needs a supply of 10 Vrms to offer 7.8% of haze, while with 1.1 Vrms, the device provides 58.7% of haze. The good performance and simple fabrication process reveal enormous promising applications in energy-conservation building, privacy protection, and transparent display.
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9
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Zhan X, Luo D, Yang KL. Multifunctional sensors based on liquid crystals scaffolded in nematic polymer networks. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38694-38702. [PMID: 35493255 PMCID: PMC9044149 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive liquid crystal (LC) materials have attracted great attention due to their unique characteristics and anisotropic properties. They are not only important for fundamental studies, but also have many potential applications in the electro-optical and biochemical fields. Herein, the interference color obtained from a nematic polymer network-stabilized liquid crystal (PNLC) system is demonstrated to reflect the environmental conditions, including temperature and the presence of volatile organic vapors. The polymerization of LC monomers forms a stable network to template the LCs, while still maintaining the dynamic nature and thermal tunability of LCs. Via adjusting the concentration of LC monomer, a wide temperature sensing range can be achieved between 36 °C and 100 °C with visible color. The same sensor can be used to detect concentration profiles of toluene vapor in a microchannel with a limit of detection of 2300 ppm. This stimuli-responsive PNLC system is expected to be potentially useful for many other naked-eye sensing applications. Naked-eye color change as a result of temperature change or VOC exposure was demonstrated in a nematic polymer network-stabilized liquid crystal (PNLC) system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyun Zhan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117576 Singapore .,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Road 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology Xueyuan Road 1088 Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117576 Singapore
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Zhang Y, Yang W, Gu M, Wei Q, Lv P, Li M, Liu D, Zhao W, Broer DJ, Zhou G. Versatile homeotropic liquid crystal alignment with tunable functionality prepared by one-step method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:2290-2297. [PMID: 34774317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alignment layers are vital to the function of numerous devices based on liquid crystal (LC) materials. The pursue of versatile, effective and even flexible alignment layers, preferably prepared by simple methods, is still actively ongoing. Herein, we propose a facile one-step method by mixing silanes into the starting LC mixtures, which in contact with a glass substrate secede and self-assemble in-situ to form a stable and highly effective homeotropic alignment layer at the interface. Tetradecyldimethyl(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ammonium chloride (TDTA) is selected as the example to demonstrate the method, although a number of other silanes can produce similar results. With only 0.05 vol% of TDTA added to a mixture of liquid crystals and reactive mesogens, a uniform monolayer is chemically attached to the substrate, which automatically aligns the LCs homeotropically. Furthermore, by blending the TDTA with acrylate functionalized silanes like 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (A174), additional reactive functional groups can be easily introduced into the alignment layer, therefore offering opportunities to adjust the interface properties. An electro-responsive smart window based on the polymer stabilized liquid crystals (PSLCs) is successfully prepared using a one-step method, demonstrating excellent electro-optic performances and notably enhanced adhesion between the substrate and the in-situ formed polymer network. These findings are valuable especially for the development of flexible LC devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China; Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Minzhao Gu
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunmei Wei
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengrong Lv
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Danqing Liu
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China; Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhao
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dirk J Broer
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China; Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 510006 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
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11
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Li Y, Yang Q, Xiong J, Li K, Wu ST. Dual-depth augmented reality display with reflective polarization-dependent lenses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:31478-31487. [PMID: 34615239 DOI: 10.1364/oe.435914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) is a common annoying issue in near-eye displays using stereoscopy technology to provide the perception of three-dimensional (3D) depth. By generating multiple image planes, the depth cues can be corrected to accommodate a comfortable 3D viewing experience. In this study, we propose a multi-plane optical see-through augmented reality (AR) display with customized reflective polarization-dependent lenses (PDLs). Leveraging the different optical powers of two PDLs, a proof-of-concept dual-plane AR device is realized. The proposed design paves the way to a compact, lightweight, and fatigue-free AR display.
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12
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Filtering of yellow light in a liquid-crystal light shutter for higher color contrast and reduced glare. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Duan X, Wang Y. Enlarging field of view by a two-step method in a near-eye 3D holographic display. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:32709-32720. [PMID: 33114950 DOI: 10.1364/oe.403538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The narrow field of view (FOV) has always been one of the most with limitations that drag the development of holographic three-dimensional (3D) near-eye display (NED). The complex amplitude modulation (CAM) technique is one way to realize holographic 3D display in real time with the advantage of high image quality. Previously, we applied the CAM technique on the design and integration of a compact colorful 3D-NED system. In this paper, a viewing angle enlarged CAM based 3D-NED system using a Abbe-Porter scheme and curved reflective structure is proposed. The viewing angle is increased in two steps. An Abbe-Porter filter system, composed of a lens and a grating, is used to enlarge the FOV for the first step and, meanwhile, realize complex amplitude modulation. A curved reflective structure is used to realize the FOV enlargement for the second step. Besides, the system retains the ability of colorful 3D display with high image quality. Optical experiments are performed, and the results show the system could present a 45.2° diagonal viewing angle. The system is able to present dynamic display as well. A compact prototype is fabricated and integrated for wearable and lightweight design.
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14
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Chen YX, Hsu JS. Ultra-low switching reverse mode liquid crystal gels. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:26783-26791. [PMID: 32906946 DOI: 10.1364/oe.402338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the electro-optical properties of reverse mode liquid crystal gel (LC-gel) scattering films. The LC-gel has been fabricated through the fibrous self-assembly of the gelator 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid (G12) and mesogen monomer (RM257) in nematic LC HTW106700-100 (HTW). Adding RM257 monomer improves the transparency in the OFF state and enhances scattering effects in the ON state. Moreover, an extremely low switching voltage (∼ 1 V) is demonstrated.
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15
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Li X, Guo Y, Huai H, Yang Y, Sun Y, Zhang C, Sun Y. The effect of monomer and chiral dopant content on reverse-mode polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal display. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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He Z, Yin K, Wu ST. Passive polymer-dispersed liquid crystal enabled multi-focal plane displays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:15294-15299. [PMID: 32403560 DOI: 10.1364/oe.392489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multi-focal plane see-through near-eye display using a transparent projection display is demonstrated. The key component of the transparent projection display is a passive polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), which is highly transparent for a large range of incident angles in air but strongly scattering at large oblique angles in high refractive index medium (e.g. glass). The use of a passive device can avoid temporal multiplexing. Such a display is highly transparent in air and can easily deliver full-color images. The proposed method is an important step toward transparent display-enabled multi-focal plane displays.
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17
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Chang C, Cui W, Park J, Gao L. Computational holographic Maxwellian near-eye display with an expanded eyebox. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18749. [PMID: 31822770 PMCID: PMC6904470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Maxwellian near-eye displays have attracted growing interest in various applications. By using a confined pupil, a Maxwellian display presents an all-in-focus image to the viewer where the image formed on the retina is independent of the optical power of the eye. Despite being a promising technique, current Maxwellian near-eye displays suffer from various limitations such as a small eyebox, a bulky setup and a high cost. To overcome these drawbacks, we present a holographic Maxwellian near-eye display based on computational imaging. By encoding a complex wavefront into amplitude-only signals, we can readily display the computed histogram on a widely-accessible device such as a liquid-crystal or digital light processing display, creating an all-in-focus virtual image augmented on the real-world objects. Additionally, to expand the eyebox, we multiplex the hologram with multiple off-axis plane waves, duplicating the pupils into an array. The resultant method features a compact form factor because it requires only one active electronic component, lending credence to its wearable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright St, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright St, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA
| | - Jongchan Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright St, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright St, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA. .,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, 61801, IL, USA.
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18
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Sharma V, Kumar P, Chinky, Malik P, Raina KK. Preparation and electrooptic study of reverse mode polymer dispersed liquid crystal: Performance augmentation with the doping of nanoparticles and dichroic dye. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vandna Sharma
- Department of Applied SciencesChitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Patiala 140401 Punjab India
- Centre for Liquid Crystal ResearchChitkara University Research and Innovation Network, Chitkara University Patiala 140401 Punjab India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Applied SciencesChitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Patiala 140401 Punjab India
- Centre for Liquid Crystal ResearchChitkara University Research and Innovation Network, Chitkara University Patiala 140401 Punjab India
| | - Chinky
- Department of Applied SciencesChitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Patiala 140401 Punjab India
| | - Praveen Malik
- Liquid Crystal Lab, Department of PhysicsDr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India
| | - K. K. Raina
- DIT University Mussoorie‐Diversion Road Dehradun 248009 Uttarakhand India
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19
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Zhao W, Li M, Wang X, Yang X, Hu X, Yuan D, Yang W, Zhang Y, Lv P, He J, Zhou G. Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal Smart Window with Flexible Substrates Based on Low-Temperature Treatment of Polyamide Acid Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1869. [PMID: 31766151 PMCID: PMC6918311 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) devices can be used as smart privacy windows that switch between transparent and opaque states. The polyimide alignment layer of a PSLC device is usually obtained by the treatment of polyamide acid (PAA) with temperatures over 200 °C. This hinders the fabrication of PSLC devices on flexible substrates, which melt at these high temperatures. In this work, the fabrication of a PSLC alignment layer using a lower temperature that is compatible with most flexible substrates, is demonstrated. It was found that the treatment of PAA at 150 °C could generate the same alignment for liquid crystals. Based on this, a PSLC device was successfully fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, demonstrating excellent electro-optic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Changrui Wang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ming Li
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiulan Yang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong Yuan
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Pengrong Lv
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jialin He
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, No. 378, West Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; (C.W.); (X.W.); (X.Y.); (X.H.); (D.Y.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (J.H.); (G.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
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20
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Shi X, Liu J, Peng W, Hu B, Wang Y. Design and modeling of a transmission and reflection switchable micro-focusing Fresnel device based on phase-change materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:32242-32252. [PMID: 31684441 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.032242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a switchable micro-focusing Fresnel device based on phase-change materials (PCMs) is proposed, which can selectively display the functions of transmission and reflection without the use of mechanical adjustment on micro scale. The switchable function is realized by combining Fresnel structure with PCM. A four-level switchable Fresnel device consisting of a typical PCM Ge3Sb2Te6 (GST-326) is designed to focus light into a focal length of 30 µm at wavelength of 3.1 µm. The optical performance of the switchable device has been analyzed by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, showing bright convergence point near pre-designed focal length with focusing efficiencies larger than 18%, depth of focus (DOF) less than 4.65 µm and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) not larger than 1.30 µm. Furthermore, by precisely manipulating the variation of PCM thickness, we also obtain a device that possesses the characteristics of a transmission-reflection focusing beam splitter. The devices show good potential for the combination of traditional binary optical devices and PCM to produce new functions, and provides a promising innovative approach for miniature focal length switching device.
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21
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Manda R, Pagidi S, Lim YJ, He R, Song SM, Lee JH, Lee GD, Lee SH. Self-supported liquid crystal film for flexible display and photonic applications. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Song W, Cheng Q, Surman P, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Lin Z, Wang Y. Design of a light-field near-eye display using random pinholes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:23763-23774. [PMID: 31510276 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Light-field near-eye displays can solve the accommodation/convergence conflict problem that can cause severe discomfort to the user. However, in actual systems, convergence depth and accommodation depth may not match each other due to the repeated zones or flipped images produced by traditional light-field methods. Also, Moiré fringes are another problem which is caused by interaction between two periodic structures. We present a method of constructing a light-field near-eye display based on random pinholes, where the random structure is employed as a spatial light modulator to break the periodicity of elemental images. Light-field images for a unique view zone in space without Moiré fringes can be provided. A proof-of-concept prototype has been developed to verify the proposed method.
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23
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A Reflective Augmented Reality Integral Imaging 3D Display by Using a Mirror-Based Pinhole Array. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9153124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a reflective augmented reality (AR) display system based on integral imaging (II) using a mirror-based pinhole array (MBPA). The MBPA, obtained by punching pinholes on a mirror, functions as a three-dimensional (3D) imaging device, as well as an image combiner. The pinhole array of MBPA can realize a pinhole array-based II display, while the mirror of MBPA can image the real objects, so as to combine the images of the real objects with the reconstructed 3D images. The structure of the proposed reflective AR display is very simple, and only a projection system or a two-dimensional display screen is needed to combine with the MBPA. In our experiment, a 25cm × 14cm sized AR display was built up, a combination of a 3D virtual image and a real 3D object was presented by the proposed AR 3D display. The proposed device could realize an AR display of large size due to its compact form factor and low weight.
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24
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Semkin A, Sharangovich S. Holographic Formation of Non-uniform Diffraction Structures by Arbitrary Polarized Recording Beams in Liquid Crystal-photopolymer Compositions. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050861. [PMID: 31083580 PMCID: PMC6571608 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the theoretical model of non-uniform diffraction structures’ holographic formation in liquid crystal-photopolymer (LC-PPM) composite materials with a dye-sensitizer is developed. The model takes into account the arbitrary character of amplitude and phase spatial distributions of recording light field, its arbitrary polarization state and also a non-linearity of the recording process. Two the most common types of liquid crystal-photopolymer composite are investigated: Holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (H-PDLC) and polymer-stabilized liquid crystals (PSLC). Numerical simulations for the most common cases of holographic formation schemes are made. It is shown that due to the photo-induced Freedericksz transition, in the case of arbitrary polarization states of recording light beams, the non-uniform polarization diffraction grating (PDG) is formed in LC-PPM. Numerical simulations’ results show that PDG’s contribution to the change of the dielectric tensor of the media is comparable with the contribution of the photopolymerization-diffusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Semkin
- Department of Microwave and Quantum Radio Engineering, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Sergey Sharangovich
- Department of Microwave and Quantum Radio Engineering, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
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25
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Chen Q, Peng Z, Li Y, Liu S, Zhou P, Gu J, Lu J, Yao L, Wang M, Su Y. Multi-plane augmented reality display based on cholesteric liquid crystal reflective films. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:12039-12047. [PMID: 31052749 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.012039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To address the accommodation-convergence conflict problem in conventional augmented reality (AR) head-mounted displays, we propose a compact multi-plane display design based on cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) reflective films and a polarization switch. Because of the polarization selectivity of CLC films, circularly-polarized light with different handedness is reflected by different CLC films, resulting in different optical path lengths and different image depths by the lens. A flicker-free dual-plane prototype with correct focus cues and relatively low operating voltage has been implemented. Moreover, a multi-plane AR display scheme with more than 2 depth planes is proposed by stacking multiple CLC films and polarization switches together.
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26
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Deng H, Chen C, He MY, Li JJ, Zhang HL, Wang QH. High-resolution augmented reality 3D display with use of a lenticular lens array holographic optical element. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2019; 36:588-593. [PMID: 31044978 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.36.000588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An augmented reality (AR) three-dimensional (3D) display based on one-dimensional integral imaging (1DII), by using a lenticular lens array holographic optical element (LLA-HOE), is proposed. The 3D image of the 1DII has higher vertical resolution compared with the image of conventional integral imaging whose resolution is sharply reduced for providing quasi-continuous viewpoints in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The proposed 3D display consists of a projector and an LLA-HOE and is compact. As an image combiner, the LLA-HOE can diffract Bragg-matched light rays that have the same wavelength and incident angle as the original reference wave; it can also function as a lenticular lens array to reconstruct a 3D image but transmit other light rays emitted from the surroundings. In the experiment, an LLA-HOE of 80 mm×80 mm size is recorded, and a combination of a high-resolution 3D virtual image and a real 3D object is presented by the proposed AR 3D display.
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27
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Gao Q, Duan X, Shi X. A full-color compact 3D see-through near-eye display system based on complex amplitude modulation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:7023-7035. [PMID: 30876275 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.007023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For complex amplitude modulation (CAM)-based three-dimensional (3D) near-eye systems, it is a challenge to realize colorful 3D display by using spatial light modulator (SLM) and grating. Here, a full-color compact 3D see-through near-eye display (NED) system by CAM is proposed. Computer generated holograms (CGHs) for different wavelengths are calculated separately. Each CGH contains two position-shifted sub-holograms and the separated distance is carefully calibrated to eliminate chromatic aberration. Colorful 3D images are synthesized through time-multiplexing. Color managements are performed and chromatic aberration of the system is analyzed to provide better colorful effect. The system structure is integrated to be compact and a prototype is implemented. Pre-compensation is added on CGHs to offset the system's assembling errors. Optical experiment results show that the proposed system can provide good 3D full-color see-through performance without vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC). Dynamic colorful display ability is also tested, which shows good potential for interactive NED in the future.
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28
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Wang XQ, Tam AMW, Jia SZ, Zhang Q, Chen XY, Xiong YF, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Chigrinov VG, Kwok HS, Shen D. Low-voltage-driven smart glass based on micro-patterned liquid crystal Fresnel lenses. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:1146-1151. [PMID: 30874165 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We disclose a method of fabricating a low-voltage-driven smart glass based on micro-patterned liquid crystal (LC) Fresnel lenses and implement three proof-of-concept prototypes. Distinct from the conventional LC-based smart windows with the scattering state, the prominence of our proposed LC smart glass in blurry state under both normal and oblique observations stems from the image distortion caused by LC Fresnel lenses. In addition, the high transmittance (>90%) in clear state is obtained by applying a low voltage of 2 V to each prototype. Moreover, by elaborating the design of the LC smart glass, the reversed switching states [i.e., a clear (voltage OFF) state and a blurry (voltage ON) state] and fast switching time can be simultaneously achieved.
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29
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Zhang HL, Deng H, Li JJ, He MY, Li DH, Wang QH. Integral imaging-based 2D/3D convertible display system by using holographic optical element and polymer dispersed liquid crystal. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:387-390. [PMID: 30644907 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An integral imaging-based 2D/3D convertible display system is proposed by using a lens-array holographic optical element (LAHOE), a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, and a projector. The LAHOE is closely attached to the PDLC film to constitute a projection screen. The LAHOE is used to realize integral imaging 3D display. When the PDLC film with an applied voltage is in the transparent state, the projector projects a Bragg matched 3D image, and the display system works in 3D mode. When the PDLC film without an applied voltage is in the scattering state, the projector projects a 2D image, and the display system works in 2D mode. A prototype of the integral imaging-based 2D/3D convertible display is developed, and it provides 2D/3D convertible images properly.
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30
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Shen W, Wang L, Zhong T, Chen G, Li C, Chen M, Zhang C, Zhang L, Li K, Yang Z, Yang H. Electrically switchable light transmittance of epoxy-mercaptan polymer/nematic liquid crystal composites with controllable microstructures. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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31
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Tan G, Zhan T, Lee YH, Xiong J, Wu ST. Polarization-multiplexed multiplane display. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:5651-5654. [PMID: 30439917 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a polarization-multiplexed multiplane display system for near-eye applications. A polarization-sensitive Pancharatnam-Berry phase lens is implemented to generate two focal depths simultaneously. A spatial polarization modulator is utilized to direct the two images to designated focal planes. Based on this design, a dual-focal-plane display system is constructed without space- or time-multiplexing operations, to suppress the vergence-accommodation conflict successfully.
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32
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Zhou P, Li Y, Liu S, Su Y. Compact design for optical-see-through holographic displays employing holographic optical elements. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:22866-22876. [PMID: 30184944 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.022866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Holographic AR display is a promising technology for head-mounted display devices. However, it usually has a complicated optical system and a large form factor, preventing it from widespread applications. In this work, we propose a flat-panel design to produce a compact holographic AR display, where traditional optical elements are replaced by two holographic optical elements (HOEs). Here, these two thin HOEs together perform the optical functions of a beam expander, an ocular lens, and an optical combiner. Without any bulky traditional optics, our design could achieve a compact form factor that is similar to a pair of glasses. We also implemented a proof-of-concept prototype to verify its feasibility. Being compact, lightweight and free from accommodation-convergence discrepancy, our design is promising for fatigue-free AR displays.
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