1
|
Wang X, Baster Z, Azizi L, Li L, Rajfur Z, Hytönen VP, Huang C. Talin2 binds to non-muscle myosin IIa and regulates cell attachment and fibronectin secretion. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20175. [PMID: 39215026 PMCID: PMC11364542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Talin2 is localized to large focal adhesions and is indispensable for traction force generation, invadopodium formation, cell invasion as well as metastasis. Talin2 has a higher affinity toward β-integrin tails than talin1. Moreover, disruption of the talin2-β-integrin interaction inhibits traction force generation, invadopodium formation and cell invasion, indicating that a strong talin2-β-integrin interaction is required for talin2 to fulfill these functions. Nevertheless, the role of talin2 in mediation of these processes remains unknown. Here we show that talin2 binds to the N-terminus of non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) through its F3 subdomain. Moreover, talin2 co-localizes with NMIIA at cell edges as well as at some cytoplasmic spots. Talin2 also co-localizes with cortactin, an invadopodium marker. Furthermore, overexpression of NMIIA promoted the talin2 head binding to the β1-integrin tail, whereas knockdown of NMIIA reduced fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase secretion as well as inhibited cell attachment on fibronectin-coated substrates. These results suggest that talin2 binds to NMIIA to control the secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and this interaction modulates cell adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, China.
| | - Zbigniew Baster
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Latifeh Azizi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Liqing Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
- Jagiellonian Center of Biomedical Imaging, Jagiellonian University, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Doer Biologics Inc, 2nd Floor, Building 3, Hexiang Science and Technology Center, Medicine Port Town, Qiantang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Z, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Jiang M, Shen X, Wu H, Chen X, Di G. Morphologic, cytometric, quantitative transcriptomic and functional characterisation provide insights into the haemocyte immune responses of Pacific abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai). Front Immunol 2024; 15:1376911. [PMID: 39015569 PMCID: PMC11250055 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1376911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the abalone aquaculture industry has been threatened by the bacterial pathogens. The immune responses mechanisms underlying the phagocytosis of haemocytes remain unclear in Haliotis discus hannai. It is necessary to investigate the immune mechanism in response to these bacterial pathogens challenges. In this study, the phagocytic activities of haemocytes in H. discus hannai were examined by flow cytometry combined with electron microscopy and transcriptomic analyses. The results of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus aureu challenge using electron microscopy showed a process during phagosome formation in haemocytes. The phagocytic rate (PP) of S. aureus was higher than the other five foreign particles, which was about 63%. The PP of Vibrio harveyi was about 43%, the PP peak of V. alginolyticus in haemocyte was 63.7% at 1.5 h. After V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus challenge, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, total superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, nitric oxide synthase and glutathione peroxidase activities in haemocytes were measured at different times, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by quantitative transcriptomic analysis. The identified DEGs after V. parahaemolyticus challenge included haemagglutinin/amebocyte aggregation factor-like, supervillin-like isoform X4, calmodulin-like and kyphoscoliosis peptidase-like; the identified DEGs after V. alginolyticus challenge included interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta-like, protein turtle homolog B-like, rho GTPase-activating protein 6-like isoform X2, leukocyte surface antigen CD53-like, calponin-1-like, calmodulin-like, troponin C, troponin I-like isoform X4, troponin T-like isoform X18, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10-like, rho-related protein racA-like and haemagglutinin/amebocyte aggregation factor-like. Some immune-related KEGG pathways were significantly up-regulated or down-regulated after challenge, including thyroid hormone synthesis, Th17 cell differentiation signalling pathway, focal adhesion, melanogenesis, leukocyte transendothelial migration, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, ras signalling pathway, rap1 signalling pathway. This study is the first step towards understanding the H. discus hannai immune system by adapting several tools to gastropods and providing a first detailed morpho-functional study of their haemocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weini Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hailian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guilan Di
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin S, Tao C, Yan Q, Gao H, Qin L, Zhong Y, Yao Q, Zhang P, Yang J, Zou X, Xiao G. Pip5k1c expression in osteocytes regulates bone remodeling in mice. J Orthop Translat 2024; 45:36-47. [PMID: 38495744 PMCID: PMC10943313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Research background The role of osteocytes in maintaining bone mass has been progressively emphasized. Pip5k1c is the most critical isoform among PIP5KIs, which can regulate cytoskeleton, biomembrane, and Ca2+ release of cells and participate in many processes, such as cell adhesion, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, its expression and function in osteocytes are still unclear. Materials and methods To determine the function of Pip5k1c in osteocytes, the expression of Pip5k1c in osteocytes was deleted by breeding the 10-kb mouse Dmp1-Cre transgenic mice with the Pip5k1cfl/fl mice. Bone histomorphometry, micro-computerized tomography analysis, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to determine the effects of Pip5k1c loss on bone mass. In vitro, we explored the mechanism by siRNA knockdown of Pip5k1c in MLO-Y4 cells. Results Pip5k1c expression was decreased in osteocytes in senescent and osteoporotic tissues both in humans and mice. Loss of Pip5k1c in osteocytes led to a low bone mass in long bones and spines and impaired biomechanical properties in femur, without changes in calvariae. The loss of Pip5k1c resulted in the reduction of the protein level of type 1 collagen in tibiae and MLO-Y4 cells. Osteocyte Pip5k1c loss reduced the osteoblast and bone formation rate with high expression of sclerostin, impacting the osteoclast activities at the same time. Moreover, Pip5k1c loss in osteocytes reduced expression of focal adhesion proteins and promoted apoptosis. Conclusion Our studies demonstrate the critical role and mechanism of Pip5k1c in osteocytes in regulating bone remodeling. The translational potential of this article Osteocyte has been considered to a key role in regulating bone homeostasis. The present study has demonstrated that the significance of Pip5k1c in bone homeostasis by regulating the expression of collagen, sclerostin and focal adhesion expression, which provided a possible therapeutic target against human metabolic bone disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sixiong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chu Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qinnan Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huanqing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiaming Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Güler BE, Linnert J, Wolfrum U. Monitoring paxillin in astrocytes reveals the significance of the adhesion G protein coupled receptor VLGR1/ADGRV1 for focal adhesion assembly. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:301-312. [PMID: 36929698 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
VLGR1/ADGRV1 (very large G protein-coupled receptor-1) is the largest adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR). Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 are associated with human Usher syndrome, the most common form of deaf-blindness, and also with epilepsy in humans and mice. VLGR1 is expressed almost ubiquitously but is mainly found in the CNS and in the sensory cells of the eye and inner ear. Little is known about the pathogenesis of the diseases related to VLGR1. We previously identified VLGR1 as a vital component of focal adhesions (FAs) serving as a metabotropic mechanoreceptor controls cell spreading and migration. FAs are highly dynamic and turnover in response to internal and external signals. Here, we aimed to elucidate how VLGR1 participates in FA turnover. Nocodazole washouts and live cell imaging of paxillin-DsRed2 consistently showed that FA disassembly was not altered, but de novo assembly of FA was significantly delayed in Vlgr1-deficient astrocytes, indicating that VLGR1 is enrolled in FA assembly. In FRAP experiments, recovery rates were significantly reduced in Vlgr1-deficient FAs, indicating reduced turnover kinetics in VLGR1-deficient FAs. We showed that VLGR1 regulates cell migration by controlling the FA turnover during their assembly and expect novel insights into pathomechanisms related to pathogenic dysfunctions of VLGR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baran E Güler
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joshua Linnert
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ehret T, Heißenberg T, de Buhr S, Aponte-Santamaría C, Steinem C, Gräter F. FERM domains recruit ample PI(4,5)P 2s to form extensive protein-membrane attachments. Biophys J 2023; 122:1325-1333. [PMID: 36814382 PMCID: PMC10111351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The four-point-one ezrin-radixin-moesin homology (FERM) protein domain is a multifunctional protein-lipid binding site, constituting an integral part of numerous membrane-associated proteins. Its interaction with the lipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), located at the inner leaflet of eukaryotic plasma membranes, is important for localization, anchorage, and activation of FERM-containing proteins. FERM-PIP2 complexes structurally determined so far exclusively feature a 1:1 binding stoichiometry of protein and lipid, with a few basic FERM residues neutralizing the -4 charge of the bound PIP2. Whether this picture from static crystal structures also applies to the dynamic interaction of FERM domains on PIP2 membranes is unknown. We here quantified the stoichiometry of FERM-PIP2 binding in a lipid bilayer using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and experiments on solid supported membranes for the FERM domains of focal adhesion kinase and ezrin. In contrast to the structural data, we find much higher average stoichiometries of FERM-PIP2 binding, amounting to 1:3 or 1:4 ratios, respectively. In simulations, the full set of basic residues at the membrane interface, 7 and 15 residues for focal adhesion kinase and ezrin, respectively, engages in PIP2 interactions. In addition, Na ions enter the FERM-membrane binding interface, compensating negative PIP2 charges in case of high charge surpluses from bound PIP2. We propose the multivalent binding of FERM domains to PIP2 in lipid bilayers to significantly enhance the stability of FERM-membrane binding and to render the FERM-membrane linkage highly adjustable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ehret
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Heißenberg
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck School Matter to Life, Heidelberg and Göttingen, Germany
| | - Svenja de Buhr
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck School Matter to Life, Heidelberg and Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck School Matter to Life, Heidelberg and Göttingen, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu H, Hu X, Lian Z, Luo Z, Lv A, Tan J. Focal adhesion signaling pathway involved in skin immune response of tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis to Vibrio vulnificus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108651. [PMID: 36863497 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion (FA) plays a key role in cell adhesion, migration and antibacterial immune, but it remained unclear in fish. In this study, half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis were infected with Vibrio vulnificus, and then immune-related protein in the skin, especially for FA signaling pathway were screened and identified by iTRAQ analysis. Results showed that the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in skin immune response (eg., ITGA6, FN, COCH, AMBP, COL6A1, COL6A3, COL6A6, LAMB1, LAMC1, FLMNA) were firstly found in FA signaling pathway. Furthermore, the validation analysis of FA-related genes were basically consistent with the iTRAQ data at 36 hpi (r = 0.678, p < 0.01), and their spatio-temporal expressions were confirmed by qPCR analysis. The molecular characterization of vinculin of C. semilaevis was described. This study will provide a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanism of FA signaling pathway in the skin immune response in marine fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houfu Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xiucai Hu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhengyi Lian
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhang Luo
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Aijun Lv
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jing Tan
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang F, Zhang R, Wei M, Li G. A machine learning based approach for quantitative evaluation of cell migration in Transwell assays based on deformation characteristics. Analyst 2023; 148:1371-1382. [PMID: 36857714 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Many pathological and physiological processes, including embryonic development, immune response and cancer metastasis, involve studies on cell migration, and especially detection methods, for which it is difficult to satisfy the requirements for rapid and quantitative evaluation and analysis. In view of the shortcomings in simultaneously quantifying the number of migrated cells and non-migrated cells using Transwell assays, we propose a novelty approach for the evaluation of cell migration by distinguishing whether the cells have migrated based on the regularity of the cell morphology changes. Traditionally, the status of living cells and dead cells are detected and analyzed by machine learning using some common morphological characteristics, e.g., area and perimeter of the cells. However, the accuracy of detecting whether cells have migrated or not using these common characteristics is not high, and the characteristics are not appropriate for our studies. Therefore, from the point of view of mechanism analysis for the migration behavior, we examined the regularity of different morphology changes of migrated cells and non-migrated cells, and thus discovered the distinguishable morphological characteristics. Then, two deformation characteristics, deformation index and taper index are proposed. Then, a machine learning based algorithm that can identify migrated cells according to the proposed deformation characteristics was devised. In addition, images of migrated cells and non-migrated cells were obtained from the Transwell assays. This algorithm was trained, and was able to successfully identify migrated cells with an accuracy of 84% using the proposed morphological characteristics. This method greatly improves the identification accuracy when compared with the identification of traditional characteristics of which the accuracy was about 54.7%. This machine learning based method might be employed as a potential tool for cell counting and evaluation of cell migration with the aim of reducing time and improving automation compared with the traditional method. This method is effective, rapid, and incorporate advances in artificial intelligence which could be used for adapting the current evaluation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Rongbiao Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Mingji Wei
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Guoxiao Li
- School of Information Engineering, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Y, Lykov N, Tzeng C. Talin‑1 interaction network in cellular mechanotransduction (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:60. [PMID: 35266014 PMCID: PMC8930095 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical signals within the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulate cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, and integrins function as the hub between the ECM and cellular actin. Focal adhesions (FAs) are multi‑protein, integrin‑containing complexes, acting as tension‑sensing anchoring points that bond cells to the extracellular microenvironment. Talin‑1 serves as the central protein of FAs that participates in the activation of integrins and connects them with the actin cytoskeleton. As a cytoplasmic protein, Talin‑1 consists of a globular head domain and a long rod comprised of a series of α‑helical bundles. The unique structure of the Talin‑1 rod domain permits folding and unfolding in response to the mechanical stress, revealing various binding sites. Thus, conformation changes of the Talin‑1 rod domain enable the cell to convert mechanical signals into chemical through multiple signaling pathways. The present review discusses the binding partners of Talin‑1, their interactions, effects on the cellular processes, and their possible roles in diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, P.R. China
| | - Nikita Lykov
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, P.R. China
| | - Chimeng Tzeng
- Translational Medicine Research Center-Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theragnostic and Clinical Translation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital Medical Research Center, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu B, V M, Finch-Edmondson M, Lee Y, Wan Y, Sudol M, DasGupta R. miR-582-5p Is a Tumor Suppressor microRNA Targeting the Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040756. [PMID: 33670427 PMCID: PMC7918774 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancers lead cancer-related mortalities, with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) representing a substantial proportion of these cases. Perturbation of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in NSCLC could be mainly attributed to post-transcriptional regulators since genetic alterations to the signaling pathway are known to be rare. In this study, we identified miR-582-5p as a novel, post-transcriptional regulator of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling. Our work revealed an inhibitory function of miR-582-5p on YAP/TAZ signaling in NSCLC cells, whereby the tumorigenic potential is diminished upon the overexpression of miR-582-5p. We also uncovered the regulation of miR-582-5p expression by YAP/TAZ, suggesting a potential feedback loop of YAP/TAZ signaling mediated by miR-582-5p. Mechanistically, we discovered NCKAP1 and PIP5K1C, regulators of actin polymerization, as novel and direct targets of miR-582-5p. Restoring miR-582-5p expression in NSCLC cells resulted in deficient F-actin, which potentially mediates the miR-582-5p-driven tumor suppression in a YAP/TAZ-dependent manner. Our findings underscore the anti-tumor function of miR-582-5p in NSCLC, positing its therapeutic potential in YAP/TAZ-driven lung cancers. Abstract The Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway involved in a broad spectrum of biological processes, including tumorigenesis. Whilst aberrant Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling is frequently reported in various cancers, the genetic alterations of this pathway are relatively rare, suggesting regulation at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs play key role in tumorigenesis by regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Amongst the cancer-relevant microRNAs, miR-582-5p suppresses cell growth and tumorigenesis by inhibiting the expression of oncogenes, including AKT3, MAP3K2 and NOTCH1. Given the oncogenic role of YAP/TAZ in solid tumors, we scrutinized the possible interplay between miR-582-5p and Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling. Correlation analysis in NSCLC cells revealed a positive relationship between the expression of mature miR-582-5p and the proportion of phosphorylated YAP/TAZ. Intriguingly, YAP/TAZ knockdown reduced the expression of mature miR-582-5p but increased that of primary miR-582. Overexpression of miR-582-5p resulted in increased phosphorylation of YAP/TAZ with a concomitant reduction in cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. Mechanistically, we find that miR-582-5p targets actin regulators NCKAP1 and PIP5K1C, which may be responsible for the observed alteration in F-actin, known to modulate YAP/TAZ. We postulate that regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by miR-582-5p may attenuate YAP/TAZ activity. Altogether, this study reveals a novel mechanism of YAP/TAZ regulation by miR-582-5p in a cytoskeleton-dependent manner and suggests a negative feedback loop, highlighting the therapeutic potential of restoring miR-582-5p expression in treating NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology and Cancer Evolution, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
- Department of Physiology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Laboratory of RNA Genomics and Structure, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Mitheera V
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology and Cancer Evolution, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
- Department of Physiology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Megan Finch-Edmondson
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; (M.F.-E.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaelim Lee
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; (M.F.-E.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Wan
- Laboratory of RNA Genomics and Structure, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
| | - Marius Sudol
- Department of Physiology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; (M.F.-E.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ramanuj DasGupta
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology and Cancer Evolution, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (R.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alfahad D, Alharethi S, Alharbi B, Mawlood K, Dash P. PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 dynamics during focal adhesions assembly and disassembly in a cancer cell line. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 44:381-392. [PMID: 33402865 PMCID: PMC7759192 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2004-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) are large assemblies of proteins that mediate intracellular signals between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The turnover of FA proteins plays a critical regulatory role in cancer cell migration. Plasma membrane lipids locally generated or broken down by different inositide kinases and phosphatase enzymes to activate and recruit proteins to specific regions in the plasma membrane. Presently, little attention has been given to the use of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) and Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) fluorescent biosensors in order to determine the spatiotemporal organisation of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 within and around or during assembly and disassembly of FAs. In this study, specific biosensors were used to detect PtdIns(4,5)P2, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, and FAs proteins conjugated to RFP/GFP in order to monitor changes of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 levels within FAs. We demonstrated that the localisation of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 were moderately correlated with that of FA proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that local levels of PtdIns(4,5)P2 increased within FA assembly and declined within FA disassembly. However, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 levels remained constant within FAs assembly and disassembly. In conclusion, this study shows that PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 localised in FAs may be regulated differently during FA assembly and disassembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhurgham Alfahad
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, Thi-Qar University, Thi-Qar Iraq
| | - Salem Alharethi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail Saudi Arabia
| | - Khatab Mawlood
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail Saudi Arabia
| | - Philip Dash
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, Thi-Qar University, Thi-Qar Iraq.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Huang J, Yu T, Fang X, Lou L, Xin S, Ji L, Jiang F, Lou Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes the Progression of Colorectal Cancer Through Cdk5-Activated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:545251. [PMID: 33488528 PMCID: PMC7815597 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.545251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Growing evidence supports the direct link of Fusobacterium nucleatum with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to date, the underlying mechanism of action remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of F. nucleatum on the progression of CRC and investigated whether cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is involved in the effect through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Materials and Methods CRC tissues and matched histologically normal specimens were collected from patients who were diagnosed with CRC and underwent surgical treatment in our hospital between January 2018 and January 2019. Two human CRC cell lines, including DLD-1 and SW480, were utilized mainly for in vitro mechanistic investigations. Results The abundance of F. nucleatum was significantly greater in CRC tissues than in cancer-free specimens, which was significantly correlated with the progression of CRC. In vitro investigations revealed that F. nucleatum significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. Furthermore, F. nucleatum significantly induced the expression of Cdk5 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Notably, knockdown of Cdk5 significantly abrogated the effects of F. nucleatum on cellular processes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in relation to the progression of CRC. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that F. nucleatum orchestrates a molecular network involving the direct role of Cdk5 in activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling to modulate CRC progression. Thus, in-depth investigations of F. nucleatum-associated molecular pathways may offer valuable insight into the pathogenesis of CRC, which may help further the development of treatment for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiepeng Huang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Fang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liqin Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shijun Xin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ling Ji
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feizhao Jiang
- Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Type I Phosphatidylinositol-4-Phosphate 5-Kinases α and γ Play a Key Role in Targeting HIV-1 Pr55 Gag to the Plasma Membrane. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00189-20. [PMID: 32376619 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00189-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 assembly occurs principally at the plasma membrane (PM) of infected cells. Gag polyprotein precursors (Pr55Gag) are targeted to the PM, and their binding is mediated by the interaction of myristoylated matrix domain and a PM-specific phosphoinositide, the phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. The major synthesis pathway of PI(4,5)P2 involves the activity of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family type 1 composed of three isoforms (PIP5K1α, PIP5K1β, and PIP5K1γ). To examine whether the activity of a specific PIP5K1 isoform determines proper Pr55Gag localization at the PM, we compared the cellular behavior of Pr55Gag in the context of PIP5K1 inhibition using siRNAs that individually targeted each of the three isoforms in TZM-bl HeLa cells. We found that downregulation of PIP5K1α and PIP5K1γ strongly impaired the targeting of Pr55Gag to the PM with a rerouting of the polyprotein within intracellular compartments. The efficiency of Pr55Gag release was thus impaired through the silencing of these two isoforms, while PIP5K1β is dispensable for Pr55Gag targeting to the PM. The PM mistargeting due to the silencing of PIP5K1α leads to Pr55Gag hydrolysis through lysosome and proteasome pathways, while the silencing of PIP5K1γ leads to Pr55Gag accumulation in late endosomes. Our findings demonstrated that, within the PIP5K1 family, only the PI(4,5)P2 pools produced by PIP5K1α and PIP5K1γ are involved in the Pr55Gag PM targeting process.IMPORTANCE PM specificity of Pr55Gag membrane binding is mediated through the interaction of PI(4,5)P2 with the matrix (MA) basic residues. It was shown that overexpression of a PI(4,5)P2-depleting enzyme strongly impaired PM localization of Pr55Gag However, cellular factors that control PI(4,5)P2 production required for Pr55Gag-PM targeting have not yet been characterized. In this study, by individually inhibiting PIP5K1 isoforms, we elucidated a correlation between PI(4,5)P2 metabolism pathways mediated by PIP5K1 isoforms and the targeting of Pr55Gag to the PM of TZM-bl HeLa cells. Confocal microscopy analyses of cells depleted from PIP5K1α and PIP5K1γ show a rerouting of Pr55Gag to various intracellular compartments. Notably, Pr55Gag is degraded by the proteasome and/or by the lysosomes in PIP5K1α-depleted cells, while Pr55Gag is targeted to endosomal vesicles in PIP5K1γ-depleted cells. Thus, our results highlight, for the first time, the roles of PIP5K1α and PIP5K1γ as determinants of Pr55Gag targeting to the PM.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ji L, Jiang F, Cui X, Qin C. Talin1 knockdown prohibits the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells via the EMT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5408-5416. [PMID: 31612049 PMCID: PMC6781565 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second highest cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Talin1 activates integrins, which mediate cell adhesion, proliferation, tumorigenesis and metastasis. The aim of the present study was to determine talin1 expression levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) and investigate the role of talin1 in CRC proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Talin1 protein expression levels were detected in human CRC and adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Talin1 short hairpin RNA and control vectors were designed and stably transfected into HCT116 CRC cells. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Cell migratory and invasive capabilities were detected by wound-healing and Matrigel invasion assays. The expression of proteins in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition signaling pathway was determined by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The effect of talin1 on tumor growth was explored in vivo using BALB/c nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of CRC and adjacent normal tissue revealed that talin1 expression was upregulated in CRC. Talin1 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasive ability of HCT116 cells compared with the control. Protein levels of phosphorylated STAT3 and vimentin were significantly lower in talin1-knockdown HCT116 cell lines compared with the control, whereas protein levels of E-cadherin were increased. Interleukin-6 mRNA levels were significantly increased in patients' blood samples compared with blood samples from healthy controls, as well as in CRC compared with adjacent normal tissue. In vivo experiments demonstrated that talin1 knockdown reduced CRC tumor growth and weight in nude mice. In conclusion, Talin1 knockdown may prevent the proliferation and migration of CRC cells by downregulating various factors involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process, such as phosphorylated STAT3 and vimentin; therefore, talin1 may provide a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Feizhao Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chengkun Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peng W, Huang W, Ge X, Xue L, Zhao W, Xue J. Type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase promotes tumor growth by facilitating Warburg effect in colorectal cancer. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:375-386. [PMID: 31105034 PMCID: PMC6604371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic alterations are a hallmark of cancer cells and contribute to tumor initiation and development. Cancer cells primarily utilize aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) to produce energy and support anabolic growth. The type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (PIPKIγ) is profoundly implicated in tumorigenesis, however, little is known about its role in reprogrammed energy metabolism. METHODS Loss- and gain-of-function studies were applied to determine the oncogenic roles of PIPKIγ in colorectal cancer. Transcriptome analysis, real-time qPCR, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, and metabolic analysis were carried out to uncover the cellular mechanism of PIPKIγ. FINDINGS In this study, we showed that PIPKIγ was frequently upregulated in colorectal cancer and predicted a poor prognosis. Genetic silencing of pan-PIPKIγ suppressed cell proliferation and aerobic glycolysis of colorectal cancer. In contrast, the opposite effects were observed by overexpression of PIPKIγ_i2. Importantly, PIPKIγ-induced prolific effect was largely glycolysis-dependent. Mechanistically, PIPKIγ facilitated activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways to upregulate c-Myc and HIF1α levels, which regulate expression of glycolytic enzymes to enhance glycolysis. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition by PIPKIγ activity with the specific inhibitor UNC3230 significantly inhibited colorectal cancer glycolysis and tumor growth. INTERPRETATION Our findings reveal a new regulatory role of PIPKIγ in Warburg effect and provide a key contributor in colorectal cancer metabolism with potential therapeutic potentials. FUND: National Key Research and Development Program of China, Outstanding Clinical Discipline Project of Shanghai Pudong, Natural Science Foundation of China, and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ge
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Liqiong Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Junli Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wen Z, Liang Y, Deng S, Zou L, Xie X, Yang J, Wu Y. Talin2 regulates invasion of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells via alteration of the tumor microenvironment. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4835-4842. [PMID: 31186690 PMCID: PMC6507391 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The talin proteins are a key component of the extracellular matrix-integrin-cytoskeleton system, and our previous study suggested that talin2 contributes to the tumor invasion and metastasis processes regulated by the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, the specific effects of talin2 on the invasive ability of breast cancer cells, as well as the underlying mechanism, were investigated by creating two MDA-MB-231 cell lines with stable talin2 knockdown by specific RNA interference. Initially, it was confirmed that the expression levels of talin2 in human breast cancer tissues were upregulated compared with in normal adjacent tissues. Subsequently, invasion and wound healing assays revealed that depletion of talin2 in MDA-MB-231 cells decreased their migratory and invasive abilities. Western blot analysis demonstrated that knockdown of talin2 in MDA-MB-231 cells caused marked downregulation of the tumor microenvironment markers hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase, phosphorylated protein kinase B and phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin. Furthermore, knockdown of talin2 decreased the basal contents of glucose and lactic acid in the breast cancer cell line. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrated that talin2 knockdown may inhibit the invasive ability of human breast cancer MDA-MB-23l cells via alterations in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Wen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yingfan Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shengming Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lilin Zou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical Virology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Jifeng Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical Virology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Predicting MicroRNA Target Genes and Identifying Hub Genes in IIA Stage Colon Cancer Patients Using Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6341967. [PMID: 30881993 PMCID: PMC6383401 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6341967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Colon cancer is a heterogeneous disease, differing in clinical symptoms, epigenetics, and prognosis for each individual patient. Identifying the core genes is important for early diagnoses and it provides a more precise method for treating colon cancer. Materials and Methods In this study, we wanted to pinpoint these core genes so we obtained GSE101502 microRNA profiles from the GEO database, which resulted in 17 differential expressed microRNAs that were identified by GEO2R analysis. Then, 875 upregulated and 2920 downregulated target genes were predicted by FunRich. GO and KEGG pathway were used to do enrich analysis. Results GO analysis indicated that upregulated genes were significantly enriched in the regulation of cell communication and signaling and in nervous system development, while the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in nervous system development and regulation of transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter. KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the upregulated genes were enriched in axon guidance, MAPK signaling pathway, and endocytosis, while the downregulated genes existed in pathways in cancer, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top four molecules including 82 hub genes were identified from the PPI network and involved in endocytosis, spliceosome, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and lysosome. Finally, NUDT21, GNB1, CLINT1, and COL1A2 core gene were selected due to their correlation with the prognosis of IIA stage colon cancer. Conclusion this study suggested that NUDT21, GNB1, CLINT1, and COL1A2 might be the core genes for colon cancer that play an important role in the development and prognosis of IIA stage colon cancer.
Collapse
|
17
|
Li L, Kołodziej T, Jafari N, Chen J, Zhu H, Rajfur Z, Huang C. Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation regulates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ 90 activity and cell invasion. FASEB J 2018; 33:631-642. [PMID: 30040488 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800296r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ (PIPKIγ90) regulates cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. However, it is unknown how cellular signals regulate those processes. Here, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a protein kinase that regulates cell migration and invasion, phosphorylates PIPKIγ90 at S453, and that Cdk5-mediated PIPKIγ90 phosphorylation is essential for cell invasion. Moreover, Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation down-regulates the activity of PIPKIγ90 and the secretion of fibronectin, an extracellular matrix protein that regulates cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, inhibition of PIPKIγ activity with the chemical inhibitor UNC3230 suppresses fibronectin secretion in a dose-dependent manner, whereas depletion of Cdk5 enhances fibronectin secretion. With total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we found that secreted fibronectin appears as round dots, which colocalize with Tks5 and CD9 but not with Zyxin. These data suggest that Cdk5-mediated PIPKIγ90 phosphorylation regulates cell invasion by controlling PIPKIγ90 activity and fibronectin secretion.-Li, L., Kołodziej, T., Jafari, N., Chen, J., Zhu, H., Rajfur, Z., Huang, C. Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation regulates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ 90 activity and cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tomasz Kołodziej
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Naser Jafari
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Haining Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liang Y, Chen H, Ji L, Du J, Xie X, Li X, Lou Y. Talin2 regulates breast cancer cell migration and invasion by apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:285-293. [PMID: 29928413 PMCID: PMC6006181 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Talin is a key component molecule of the extracellular matrix-integrin-cytoskeleton. It serves an important role in the activation of integrin, which, in turn, is known to mediate physiological and pathological processes, including cell adhesion, growth, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. In vertebrates, there are two Talin genes, Talin1 and Talin2. Talin1 is known to regulate focal adhesion dynamics, cell migration and cell invasion; however, the precise role of Talin2 in cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the functional role of Talin2 was examined in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. Talin2 knockdown significantly inhibited growth, migratory capacity and invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells, and promoted apoptosis. The expression levels of Talin2 in breast cancer cells and in the peritumoral normal breast tissues were also determined by immunohistochemistry. Talin2 was identified to be overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared with that in the peritumoral breast tissues. In addition, the knockdown of Talin2 by specific RNA interference markedly inhibited cell growth, and caused the downregulation of the apoptotic markers, cleaved Caspase-3 and phosphorylation of poly ADP-ribose polymerase. These findings demonstrate that Talin2 expression is upregulated in human breast cancer and that downregulation of Talin2 may serve as a useful therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingfan Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Jinfu Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Xie
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li L, Li X, Qi L, Rychahou P, Jafari N, Huang C. The role of talin2 in breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:106876-106887. [PMID: 29290996 PMCID: PMC5739781 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that talin2 has a higher affinity to β-integrin tails and is indispensable for traction force generation and cell invasion. However, its roles in cell migration, cancer cell metastasis and tumorigenesis remain to be determined. Here, we used MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells as a model to define the roles of talin2 in cell migration, invasion, metastasis and tumorigenesis. We show here that talin2 knockdown (KD) inhibited cell migration and focal adhesion dynamics, a key step in cell migration, and that talin2 knockout (KO) inhibited cell invasion and traction force generation, the latter is crucial for cell invasion. Re-expression of talin2WT in talin2-KO cells restored traction force generation and cell invasion, but that of talin2S339C, a β-integrin-binding deficient mutant, did not. Moreover, talin2 KO (or KD) suppressed tumorigenesis and metastasis in mouse xenograft models. However, surprisingly, re-expression of talin2WT in talin2-KO cells did not rescue tumorigenesis. Thus, talin2 is required for breast cancer cell migration, invasion, metastasis and tumorigenesis, although exogenous expression of high levels of talin2 could inhibit tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Lei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Naser Jafari
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qi L, Jafari N, Li X, Chen Z, Li L, Hytönen VP, Goult BT, Zhan CG, Huang C. Talin2-mediated traction force drives matrix degradation and cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2017; 129:3661-3674. [PMID: 27694340 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.185959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Talin binds to β-integrin tails to activate integrins, regulating cell migration, invasion and metastasis. There are two talin genes, TLN1 and TLN2, encoding talin1 and talin2, respectively. Talin1 regulates focal adhesion dynamics, cell migration and invasion, whereas the biological function of talin2 is not clear and, indeed, talin2 has been presumed to function redundantly with talin1. Here, we show that talin2 has a much stronger binding to β-integrin tails than talin1. Replacement of talin2 Ser339 with Cys significantly decreased its binding to β1-integrin tails to a level comparable to that of talin1. Talin2 localizes at invadopodia and is indispensable for the generation of traction force and invadopodium-mediated matrix degradation. Ablation of talin2 suppressed traction force generation and invadopodia formation, which were restored by re-expressing talin2 but not talin1. Furthermore, re-expression of wild-type talin2 (but not talin2S339C) in talin2-depleted cells rescued development of traction force and invadopodia. These results suggest that a strong interaction of talin2 with integrins is required to generate traction, which in turn drives invadopodium-mediated matrix degradation, which is key to cancer cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40502, USA
| | - Naser Jafari
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40502, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Zaozao Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Liqing Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, 33520 Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Benjamin T Goult
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40502, USA Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen C, Wang X, Fang J, Xue J, Xiong X, Huang Y, Hu J, Ling K. EGFR-induced phosphorylation of type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase promotes pancreatic cancer progression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:42621-42637. [PMID: 28388589 PMCID: PMC5522093 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies and effective treatment has always been lacking. In current study, we investigated how the type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (PIPKIγ) participates in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) for novel therapeutic potentials against this lethal disease. We found that PIPKIγ is up-regulated in all tested PDAC cell lines. The growth factor (including EGFR)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PIPKIγ is significantly elevated in in situ and metastatic PDAC tissues. Loss of PIPKIγ inhibits the aggressiveness of PDAC cells by restraining the activities of AKT and STAT3, as well as MT1-MMP expression. Therefore when planted into the pancreas of nude mice, PIPKIγ-depleted PDAC cells exhibits substantially repressed tumor growth and metastasis comparing to control PDAC cells. Results from further studies showed that the phosphorylation-deficient PIPKIγ mutant, unlike its wild-type counterpart, cannot rescue PDAC progression inhibited by PIPKIγ depletion. These findings indicate that PIPKIγ, functioning downstream of EGFR signaling, is critical to the progression of PDAC, and suggest that PIPKIγ is potentially a valuable therapeutic target for PDAC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Xiangling Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Juemin Fang
- Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Junli Xue
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunhao Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jinghua Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kun Ling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The molecular basis of talin2's high affinity toward β1-integrin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41989. [PMID: 28155884 PMCID: PMC5290461 DOI: 10.1038/srep41989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Talin interacts with β-integrin tails and actin to control integrin activation, thus regulating focal adhesion dynamics and cell migration. There are two talin genes, Tln1 and Tln2, which encode talin1 and talin2, and it is generally believed that talin2 functions redundantly with talin1. However, we show here that talin2 has a higher affinity to β1-integrin tails than talin1. Mutation of talin2 S339 to leucine, which can cause Fifth Finger Camptodactyly, a human genetic disease, completely disrupted its binding to β–integrin tails. Also, substitution of talin1 C336 with Ser enhanced the affinity of talin1, whereas substitution of talin2 S339 with Cys diminished that of talin2. Further computational modeling analysis shows that talin2 S339 formed a hydrogen bond with E353, which is critical for inducing key hydrogen bonds between talin2 N326 and β1-integrin R760, and between talin2 K327 and β1-integrin D759. Mutation at any of these residues significantly diminished the interaction of talin2 with β1- integrin tails. These hydrogen bonds were not observed in talin1/β1-integrin, but did exist in talin1C336S/β1-integrin complex. These results suggest that talin2 S339 forms a hydrogen bond with E353 to mediate its high affinity to β1-integrin.
Collapse
|
23
|
CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated NOX4 Knockout Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasion in HeLa Cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170327. [PMID: 28099519 PMCID: PMC5242459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of NOX4 protein is associated with cancer progression and metastasis but the role of NOX4 in cell proliferation and invasion is not fully understood. We generated NOX4 knockout HeLa cell lines using the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system to explore the cellular functions of NOX4. After transfection of CRISPR-Cas9 construct, we performed T7 endonuclease 1 assays and DNA sequencing to generate and identify insertion and deletion of the NOX4 locus. We confirmed the knockout of NOX4 by Western blotting. NOX4 knockout cell lines showed reduced cell proliferation with an increase of sub-G1 cell population and the decrease of S/G2/M population. Moreover, NOX4 deficiency resulted in a dramatic decrease in invadopodium formation and the invasive activity. In addition, NOX4 deficiency also caused a decrease in focal adhesions and cell migration in HeLa cells. These results suggest that NOX4 is required for both efficient proliferation and invasion of HeLa cells.
Collapse
|
24
|
Thompson PM, Ramachandran S, Case LB, Tolbert CE, Tandon A, Pershad M, Dokholyan NV, Waterman CM, Campbell SL. A Structural Model for Vinculin Insertion into PIP 2-Containing Membranes and the Effect of Insertion on Vinculin Activation and Localization. Structure 2017; 25:264-275. [PMID: 28089450 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vinculin, a scaffolding protein that localizes to focal adhesions (FAs) and adherens junctions, links the actin cytoskeleton to the adhesive super-structure. While vinculin binds to a number of cytoskeletal proteins, it can also associate with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to drive membrane association. To generate a structural model for PIP2-dependent interaction of vinculin with the lipid bilayer, we conducted lipid-association, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computational modeling experiments. We find that two basic patches on the vinculin tail drive membrane association: the basic collar specifically recognizes PIP2, while the basic ladder drives association with the lipid bilayer. Vinculin mutants with defects in PIP2-dependent liposome association were then expressed in vinculin knockout murine embryonic fibroblasts. Results from these analyses indicate that PIP2 binding is not required for localization of vinculin to FAs or FA strengthening, but is required for vinculin activation and turnover at FAs to promote its association with the force transduction FA nanodomain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Srinivas Ramachandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lindsay B Case
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Caitlin E Tolbert
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Arpit Tandon
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mihir Pershad
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Clare M Waterman
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sharon L Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jafari N, Zheng Q, Li L, Li W, Qi L, Xiao J, Gao T, Huang C. p70S6K1 (S6K1)-mediated Phosphorylation Regulates Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate 5-Kinase Type I γ Degradation and Cell Invasion. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25729-25741. [PMID: 27780861 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.742742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ (PIPKIγ90) ubiquitination and subsequent degradation regulate focal adhesion assembly, cell migration, and invasion. However, it is unknown how upstream signals control PIPKIγ90 ubiquitination or degradation. Here we show that p70S6K1 (S6K1), a downstream target of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylates PIPKIγ90 at Thr-553 and Ser-555 and that S6K1-mediated PIPKIγ90 phosphorylation is essential for cell migration and invasion. Moreover, PIPKIγ90 phosphorylation is required for the development of focal adhesions and invadopodia, key machineries for cell migration and invasion. Surprisingly, substitution of Thr-553 and Ser-555 with Ala promoted PIPKIγ90 ubiquitination but enhanced the stability of PIPKIγ90, and depletion of S6K1 also enhanced the stability of PIPKIγ90, indicating that PIPKIγ90 ubiquitination alone is insufficient for its degradation. These data suggest that S6K1-mediated PIPKIγ90 phosphorylation regulates cell migration and invasion by controlling PIPKIγ90 degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Jafari
- From the Markey Cancer Center and.,the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40502
| | | | | | - Wei Li
- From the Markey Cancer Center and
| | - Lei Qi
- From the Markey Cancer Center and
| | | | | | - Cai Huang
- From the Markey Cancer Center and .,the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40502.,the Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506 and
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Radhakrishnan P, Ruh N, Harnoss JM, Kiss J, Mollenhauer M, Scherr AL, Platzer LK, Schmidt T, Podar K, Opferman JT, Weitz J, Schulze-Bergkamen H, Koehler BC, Ulrich A, Schneider M. Prolyl Hydroxylase 3 Attenuates MCL-1-Mediated ATP Production to Suppress the Metastatic Potential of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:2219-30. [PMID: 26921340 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors. Prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (PHD1-3) are molecular oxygen sensors that regulate hypoxia-inducible factor activity, but their functions in metastatic disease remain unclear. Here, we assessed the significance of PHD enzymes during the metastatic spread of colorectal cancer. PHD expression analysis in 124 colorectal cancer patients revealed that reduced tumoral expression of PHD3 correlated with increased frequency of distant metastases and poor outcome. Tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of colorectal tumor cells over and underexpressing PHD3 were investigated in orthotopic and heterotopic tumor models. PHD3 overexpression in a syngeneic tumor model resulted in fewer liver metastases, whereas PHD3 knockdown induced tumor spread. The migration of PHD3-overexpressing tumor cells was also attenuated in vitro Conversely, migratory potential and colony formation were enhanced in PHD3-deficient cells, and this phenotype was associated with enhanced mitochondrial ATP production. Furthermore, the effects of PHD3 deficiency were accompanied by increased mitochondrial expression of the BCL-2 family member, member myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL-1), and could be reversed by simultaneous inhibition of MCL-1. MCL-1 protein expression was likewise enhanced in human colorectal tumors expressing low levels of PHD3. Therefore, we demonstrate that downregulation of PHD3 augments metastatic spread in human colorectal cancer and identify MCL-1 as a novel downstream effector of oxygen sensing. Importantly, these findings offer new insight into the possible, context-specific deleterious effects of pharmacologic PHD inhibition. Cancer Res; 76(8); 2219-30. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveenkumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Ruh
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Harnoss
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judit Kiss
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Scherr
- Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa K Platzer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph T Opferman
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Cell & Molecular Biology, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Juergen Weitz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Schulze-Bergkamen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno C Koehler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine VI, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
PIP2Clustering: From model membranes to cells. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 192:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
28
|
Le OTT, Cho OY, Tran MH, Kim JA, Chang S, Jou I, Lee SY. Phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase γ by Akt regulates its interaction with talin and focal adhesion dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2432-43. [PMID: 26149501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) family members and their lipid product, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) are important regulators of actin cytoskeleton. PIP5Kγ 90kDa (PIP5Kγ90), an isoform of PIP5K, localizes to focal adhesions (FAs) and is activated via its interaction with the cytoskeletal protein, talin. Currently, regulatory signaling pathways of talin-PIP5Kγ90 interaction related to FA dynamics and cell motility are not well understood. Considering the presence of Akt consensus motifs in PIP5Kγ90, we examined a potential link of Akt activation to talin-PIP5Kγ90 interaction. We found that Akt phosphorylated PIP5Kγ90 specifically at serine 555 (S555) in vitro and in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-treated cells phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependently. EGF treatment suppressed talin-PIP5Kγ90 interaction and PIP2 levels. Similarly, a phosphomimetic mutant (S555D), but not non-phosphorylatable mutant (S555A), of PIP5Kγ90 had reduced talin binding affinity, lowered PIP2 levels, and was dislocated from FAs. The S555D mutant also caused decreases in actin stress fibers and vinculin-positive FAs. Moreover, assembly and disassembly of FAs were enhanced by S555D expression and EGF-induced cell migration was relatively low in S555A-expressing cells compared to wild-type-expressing cells. PIP5Kγ87, a PIP5Kγ splice variant lacking the talin binding motif, was phosphorylated by Akt, which, however, hardly affected PIP2 levels. Taken together, our results suggested that Akt-mediated PIP5Kγ90 S555 phosphorylation is a novel regulatory point for talin binding to control PIP2 level at the FAs, thereby modulating FA dynamics and cell motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oanh Thi Tu Le
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea.
| | - Oh Yeon Cho
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Mai Hoang Tran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea
| | - Jung Ah Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Sunghoe Chang
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea; Biomembrane Plasticity Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea.
| | - Ilo Jou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea; Chronic Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea.
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea; Chronic Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-721, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Thapa N, Choi S, Tan X, Wise T, Anderson RA. Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate 5-Kinase Iγ and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Couple to Promote Oncogenic Growth. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18843-54. [PMID: 26070568 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.596742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The assembly of signaling complexes at the plasma membrane is required for the initiation and propagation of cellular signaling upon cell activation. The class I PI3K and the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase Akt signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt) are often activated in tumors. These pathways are initiated by the generation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) by PI3K-mediated phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2), synthesized by phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIPKI) enzymes. The mechanism of how tumor cells recruit and organize the PIP2-synthesizing enzymes with PI3K in the plasma membrane for activation of PI3K/Akt signaling is not defined. Here, we demonstrated a role for the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase Iγ (PIPKIγ) in PI3K/Akt signaling. PIPKIγ is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancers. Loss of PIPKIγ or its focal adhesion-targeting variant, PIPKIγi2, impaired PI3K/Akt activation upon stimulation with growth factors or extracellular matrix proteins in different tumor cells. PIPKIγi2 assembles into a complex containing Src and PI3K; Src was required for the recruitment of PI3K enzyme into the complex. PIPKIγi2 interaction with Src and its lipid kinase activity were required for promoting PI3K/Akt signaling. These results define a mechanism by which PIPKIγi2 and PI3K are integrated into a complex regulated by Src, resulting in the spatial generation of PIP2, which is the substrate PI3K required for PIP3 generation and subsequent Akt activation. This study elucidates the mechanism by which PIP2-generating enzyme controls Akt activation upstream of a PI3K enzyme. This pathway may represent a signaling nexus required for the survival and growth of metastasizing and circulating tumor cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Thapa
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Suyong Choi
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Thomas Wise
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Richard A Anderson
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Su GQ, Zhang FX, Mao HH, Liu XW, Zheng YS, Zhang SY, Su JJ. Research of shRNAmir inhibitory effects towards focal adhesion kinase expression in the treatment of gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:595-603. [PMID: 25621028 PMCID: PMC4301487 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common type of malignant tumor, with a poor prognosis. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) mediates the crosslink of intracellular signaling networks, playing a key role in cell migration and invasion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of FAK interference on the proliferation ability, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. The FAK-RNAi lentiviral vector was infected into SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in order to observe the in vivo situations of tumor growth and metastasis before and after the FAK interference. The growth of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in the interference group was significantly inhibited compared with that of the negative control (P<0.05) and the blank control groups (P<0.05), and the FAK expression significantly decreased (P<0.05). The in vitro invasion and metastasis experiments showed that the cell invasion and metastasis abilities of the interference group significantly decreased when compared with those of the negative control (P<0.05) and blank control groups (P<0.05). In the nude mouse subcutaneous tumor transplantation model, the mean ± standard deviation tumor weight of the interference group (1.474±0.9840 g) was lower than that of the negative control (3.134±0.3299 g) and blank control (2.68±0.12 g) groups (P<0.05). In the nude mice, the liver and peritoneal metastasis rates of the interference group were significantly lower than those of the negative control (P<0.05) and the blank control groups (P<0.05), and the FAK mRNA of the interference group significantly reduced (P<0.05). In conclusion, FAK interference could effectively suppress the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of transfected SGC7901 gastric cancer cells, and could inhibit the growth and distant metastasis of gastric cancer in nude mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Su
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - He-Hui Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Sheng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jun Su
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang YH, Yu LG, Zhu WZ, Wang SL, Wang DD, Yang YX, Yu X. Preliminary Research on the Expression, Purification and Function of the Apoptotic Fusion Protein, Sival. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8685-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
32
|
Rajala RVS, Rajala A, Morris AJ, Anderson RE. Phosphoinositides: minor lipids make a major impact on photoreceptor cell functions. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5463. [PMID: 24964953 PMCID: PMC4071336 DOI: 10.1038/srep05463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the phosphoinositide (PI) cycle generates the second messengers that control various aspects of cellular signaling. We have previously shown that two PI cycle enzymes, type II phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase (PIPK IIα) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), are activated through light stimulation. In our earlier studies, we measured enzyme activities, instead of directly measuring the products, due to lack of sensitive analytical techniques. Cells have very low levels of PIs, compared to other lipids, so special techniques and sensitive analytical instruments are necessary for their identification and quantification. There are also other considerations, such as different responses in different cell types, which may complicate quantification of PIs. For example, although light activated PIPK IIα, there was no increase in PI-4,5-P2 measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS) This discrepancy is due to the heterogeneous nature of the retina, which is composed of various cell types. In this study, we examined PI generation in situ using immunohistochemistry with specific PI antibodies. PIs were generated in specific retinal cell layers, suggesting that analyzing PIs from the total retina by LC/MS underscores the significance. This suggests that PI-specific antibodies are useful tools to study the cell-specific regulation of PIs in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju V S Rajala
- 1] Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [2] Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [3] Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [4] Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Ammaji Rajala
- 1] Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [2] Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Robert E Anderson
- 1] Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [2] Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK [3] Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wu T, Kooi CV, Shah P, Charnigo R, Huang C, Smyth SS, Morris AJ. Integrin-mediated cell surface recruitment of autotaxin promotes persistent directional cell migration. FASEB J 2013; 28:861-70. [PMID: 24277575 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-232868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) that binds to integrin adhesion receptors. We dissected the roles of integrin binding and lysoPLD activity in stimulation of human breast cancer and mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cell migration by ATX. We compared effects of wild-type human ATX, catalytically inactive ATX, an integrin binding-defective ATX variant with wild-type lysoPLD activity, the isolated ATX integrin binding N-terminal domain, and a potent ATX selective lysoPLD inhibitor on cell migration using transwell and single-cell tracking assays. Stimulation of transwell migration was reduced (18 or 27% of control, respectively) but not ablated by inactivation of integrin binding or inhibition of lysoPLD activity. The N-terminal domain increased transwell migration (30% of control). ATX lysoPLD activity and integrin binding were necessary for a 3.8-fold increase in the fraction of migrating breast cancer cell step velocities >0.7 μm/min. ATX increased the persistent directionality of single-cell migration 2-fold. This effect was lysoPLD activity independent and recapitulated by the integrin binding N-terminal domain. Integrin binding enables uptake and intracellular sequestration of ATX, which redistributes to the front of migrating cells. ATX binding to integrins and lysoPLD activity therefore cooperate to promote rapid persistent directional cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- 1University of Kentucky, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington KY 40536, USA. A.J.M.,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li X, Xu X, Jin A, Jia Q, Zhou H, Kang S, Lou Y, Gao J, Lu J. Self-assembled HCV core virus-like particles targeted and inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:401. [PMID: 24074276 PMCID: PMC3856463 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We used a baculovirus expression system to express fusion proteins of HCV core, RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide, and IFN-α2a fragments in Sf9 cells. Western blotting and electron microscopy demonstrate that HCV core, peptides RGD, and IFN-α2a fusion proteins assemble into 30 to 40 nm nano-particles (virus-like particles, VLPs). Xenograft assays show that VLPs greatly reduced tumor volume and weight with regard to a nontreated xenograft. Migration and invasion results show that VLPs can inhibit the migration and invasion of the breast cancer cells MDA-MB231. This study will provide theoretical and experimental basis for the establishment of safe and effective tumor-targeted drug delivery systems and clinical application of VLPs carrying cell interacting cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehe Xu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aihui Jin
- Clinical Laboratory of Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qunying Jia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaibin Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Kang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jimin Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li X, Zhou Q, Sunkara M, Kutys ML, Wu Z, Rychahou P, Morris AJ, Zhu H, Evers BM, Huang C. Ubiquitylation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ by HECTD1 regulates focal adhesion dynamics and cell migration. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2617-28. [PMID: 23572508 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.117044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I γ (PIPKIγ90) binds talin and localizes at focal adhesions (FAs). Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) generated by PIPKIγ90 is essential for FA formation and cell migration. On the other hand, PIPKIγ90 and the β-integrin tail compete for overlapping binding sites on talin. Enhanced PIPKIγ90-talin interaction suppresses talin binding to the β-integrin. It is unknown how PIPKIγ90 is removed from the PIPKIγ90-talin complex after on-site PIP2 production during cell migration. Here we show that PIPKIγ90 is a substrate for HECTD1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase regulating cell migration. HECTD1 ubiquitinated PIPKIγ90 at lysine 97 and resulted in PIPKIγ90 degradation. Expression of the mutant PIPKIγ90(K97R) enhanced PIP2 and PIP3 production, inhibited FA assembly and disassembly and inhibited cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis. Interestingly, mutation at tryptophan 647 abolished the inhibition of PIPKIγ90(K97R) on FA dynamics and partially rescued cancer cell migration and invasion. Thus, cycling PIPKIγ90 ubiquitylation by HECTD1 and consequent degradation remove PIPKIγ90 from talin after on-site PIP2 production, providing an essential regulatory mechanism for FA dynamics and cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Deng S, Huang C. E3 ubiquitin ligases in regulating stress fiber, lamellipodium, and focal adhesion dynamics. Cell Adh Migr 2013; 8:49-54. [PMID: 24589622 DOI: 10.4161/cam.27480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries have unveiled the roles of a complicated network of E3 ubiquitin ligases in regulating cell migration machineries. The E3 ubiquitin ligases Smurf1 and Cul/BACURD ubiquitinate RhoA to regulate stress fiber formation and cell polarity, and ASB2α ubiquitinates filamins to modulate cytoskeletal stiffness, thus regulating cell spreading and cell migration. HACE1, XIAP, and Skp1-Cul1-F-box bind to Rac1 and cause its ubiquitination and degradation, thus suppressing lamellipodium protrusions, while PIAS3, a SUMO ligase, activates Rac1 to promote lamellipodium dynamics. Smurf1 also enhances Rac1 activation but it does not ubiquitinate Rac1. Both Smurf1 and HECTD1 regulate focal adhesion (FA) assembly and (or) disassembly through ubiquitinating the talin head domain and phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate 5-kinase type I γ (PIPKIγ90), respectively. Thus, E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate stress fiber formation, cell polarity, lamellipodium protrusions, and FA dynamics through ubiquitinating the key proteins that control these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shishan Deng
- Markey Cancer Center and Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology; University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY USA
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center and Department of Molecular & Biomedical Pharmacology; University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Thapa N, Anderson RA. PIP2 signaling, an integrator of cell polarity and vesicle trafficking in directionally migrating cells. Cell Adh Migr 2012; 6:409-12. [PMID: 23076053 PMCID: PMC3496677 DOI: 10.4161/cam.21192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a fundamental cellular process required for embryonic development to wound healing and also plays a key role in tumor metastasis and atherosclerosis. Migration is regulated at multiple strata, from cytoskeletal reorganization to vesicle trafficking. In migrating cells, signaling pathways are integrated with vesicle trafficking machineries in a highly coordinated fashion to accomplish the recruitment and trafficking of the trans-membrane proteins toward the leading edge. Different signaling molecules regulate cell migration in different physio-pathological contexts, among them, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) is an integral component of the plasma membrane and pleiotropic lipid signaling molecule modulating diverse biological processes, including actin cytoskeletal dynamics and vesicle trafficking required for cell migration. In this commentary, we provide a brief overview of our current understandings on the phosphoinositide signaling and its implication in regulation of cell polarity and vesicle trafficking in migrating cells. In addition, we highlight the coordinated role of PIPKIγi2, a focal adhesion-targeted enzyme that synthesizes PIP2, and the exocyst complex, a PIP2-effector, in the trafficking of E-cadherin in epithelial cells and integrins in migrating cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Thapa
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lawson C, Schlaepfer DD. Integrin adhesions: who's on first? What's on second? Connections between FAK and talin. Cell Adh Migr 2012; 6:302-6. [PMID: 22983197 PMCID: PMC3478250 DOI: 10.4161/cam.20488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration requires the coordination of adhesion site assembly and turnover. Canonical models for nascent adhesion formation postulate that integrin binding to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins results in the rapid recruitment of cytoskeletal proteins such as talin and paxillin to integrin cytoplasmic domains. It is thought that integrin-talin clusters recruit and activate tyrosine kinases such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK). However, the molecular connections of this linkage remain unresolved. Our recent findings support an alternative model whereby FAK recruits talin to new sites of β1 integrin-mediated adhesion in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human ovarian carcinoma cells. This is dependent on a direct binding interaction between FAK and talin and occurs independently of direct talin binding to β1 integrin. Herein, we discuss differences between nascent and mature adhesions, interactions between FAK, talin and paxillin, possible mechanisms of FAK activation and how this FAK-talin complex may function to promote cell motility through increased adhesion turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lawson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
A novel membrane-dependent on/off switch mechanism of talin FERM domain at sites of cell adhesion. Cell Res 2012; 22:1533-45. [PMID: 22710802 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2012.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of heterodimeric (α/β) integrin transmembrane receptors by cytosolic protein talin is crucial for regulating diverse cell-adhesion-dependent processes, including blood coagulation, tissue remodeling, and cancer metastasis. This process is triggered by the coincident binding of N-terminal FERM (four-point-one-protein/ezrin/radixin/moesin) domain of talin (talin-FERM) to the inner membrane surface and integrin β cytoplasmic tail, but how these binding events are spatiotemporally regulated remains obscure. Here we report the crystal structure of a dormant talin, revealing how a C-terminal talin rod segment (talin-RS) self-masks a key integrin-binding site on talin-FERM via a large interface. Unexpectedly, the structure also reveals a distinct negatively charged surface on talin-RS that electrostatically hinders the talin-FERM binding to the membrane. Such a dual inhibitory topology for talin is consistent with the biochemical and functional data, but differs significantly from a previous model. We show that upon enrichment with phosphotidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) - a known talin activator, membrane strongly attracts a positively charged surface on talin-FERM and simultaneously repels the negatively charged surface on talin-RS. Such an electrostatic "pull-push" process promotes the relief of the dual inhibition of talin-FERM, which differs from the classic "steric clash" model for conventional PIP2-induced FERM domain activation. These data therefore unravel a new type of membrane-dependent FERM domain regulation and illustrate how it mediates the talin on/off switches to regulate integrin transmembrane signaling and cell adhesion.
Collapse
|