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Analyses of histological and transcriptome differences in the skin of short-hair and long-hair rabbits. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:140. [PMID: 30770723 PMCID: PMC6377753 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair fibre length is an important economic trait of rabbits in fur production. However, molecular mechanisms regulating rabbit hair growth have remained elusive. RESULTS Here we aimed to characterise the skin traits and gene expression profiles of short-hair and long-hair rabbits by histological and transcriptome analyses. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the histological structure of the skin of short-hair and long-hair rabbits. Compared to that in short-hair rabbits, a significantly longer anagen phase was observed in long-hair rabbits. In addition, by RNA sequencing, we identified 951 genes that were expressed at significantly different levels in the skin of short-hair and long-hair rabbits. Nine significantly differentially expressed genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A gene ontology analysis revealed that epidermis development, hair follicle development, and lipid metabolic process were significantly enriched. Further, we identified potential functional genes regulating follicle development, lipid metabolic, and apoptosis as well as important pathways including extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and basal cell carcinoma pathway. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides transcriptome evidence for the differences in hair growth between short-hair and long-hair rabbits and reveals that lipid metabolism and apoptosis might constitute major factors contributing to hair length.
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Wang D, Liu Z, Yao H, Hao Y, Zhou L, Du J, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Wang G, Song Y, Li Z. Disruption of NNAT, NAP1L5 and MKRN3 DNA methylation and transcription in rabbit parthenogenetic fetuses. Gene 2017; 626:158-162. [PMID: 28526651 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parthenogenetically activated oocytes cannot develop to term in mammals due to lack of paternal gene expression. Disruption of imprinted gene expression and DNA methylation status in parthenogenetic fetuses has been reported in mice and pigs, but not in rabbits. In this study, the genomic imprinting status of the paternally expressed genes Neuronatin (NNAT), Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 5 (NAP1L5), and Makorin ring finger protein 3 (MKRN3) was compared between rabbit parthenogenetic (PA) and normally fertilized fetuses (Con) using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). The results revealed a significantly reduced expression of NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 in rabbit PA fetuses compared with Con fetuses (p<0.05). In addition, the BSP results demonstrated hypermethylation in the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 in rabbit PA fetuses. Taken together, these results suggest that hypermethylation of DMRs is associated with decreased NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 expression, which may be responsible for developmental failure of rabbit PA fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haobin Yao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yang Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian Du
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yixin Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuning Song
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Liu P, Wang Y, Du X, Yao L, Li F, Meng Z. Transcriptome Analysis of Thermal Parthenogenesis of the Domesticated Silkworm. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135215. [PMID: 26274803 PMCID: PMC4537240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal induction of parthenogenesis (also known as thermal parthenogenesis) in silkworms is an important technique that has been used in artificial insemination, expansion of hybridization, transgenesis and sericultural production; however, the exact mechanisms of this induction remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the gene expression profile in silkworms undergoing thermal parthenogenesis using RNA-seq analysis. The transcriptome profiles indicated that in non-induced and induced eggs, the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the parthenogenetic line (PL) and amphigenetic line (AL) were 538 and 545, respectively, as determined by fold-change ≥ 2. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that DEGs between two lines were mainly involved in reproduction, formation of chorion, female gamete generation and cell development pathways. Upregulation of many chorion genes in AL suggests that the maturation rate of AL eggs was slower than PL eggs. Some DEGs related to reactive oxygen species removal, DNA repair and heat shock response were differentially expressed between the two lines, such as MPV-17, REV1 and HSP68. These results supported the view that a large fraction of genes are differentially expressed between PL and AL, which offers a new approach to identifying the molecular mechanism of silkworm thermal parthenogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peigang Liu
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Du
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lusong Yao
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengbo Li
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqi Meng
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Naturil-Alfonso C, Jiménez-Trigos E, Vicente JS, Marco-Jiménez F. Effect of in vitro and in vivo conditions on development of parthenogenetic rabbit embryos after vitrification. Cryobiology 2015; 71:91-6. [PMID: 25999044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parthenote embryos offer multiple opportunities in biotechnological research, so it is important to analyse the possibilities for their cryopreservation in order to establish a biobank. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of culture conditions and vitrification on rabbit parthenogenetic embryos. Parthenotes were cultured under in vivo and in vitro conditions until day 3 (late morula/early blastocyst), when they were vitrified. Immediately after warming, they were newly cultured under in vivo and in vitro conditions till day 6 (blastocyst stage). Both culture conditions showed similar late morula/early blastocyst (0.39±0.056 vs. 0.46±0.043, for in vivo and in vitro, respectively) and blastocyst rates (0.12±0.068 vs. 0.13±0.070, for in vivo and in vitro, respectively). However, no parthenote was recovered when a combination of culture conditions was performed. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the ability of rabbit parthenogenetic embryos to develop after vitrification, with similar embryo development after in vivo or in vitro culture. Nevertheless, our results highlight the importance of culture conditions on the morphology of parthenote embryos. Therefore, we have described that special attention should be paid on culture conditions to generate parthenote embryos, with a view to their subsequent use, for example in embryonic stem cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Naturil-Alfonso
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - E Jiménez-Trigos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J S Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - F Marco-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Dyck M, Zhou C, Tsoi S, Grant J, Dixon W, Foxcroft G. Reproductive technologies and the porcine embryonic transcriptome. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 149:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zhou C, Dobrinsky J, Tsoi S, Foxcroft GR, Dixon WT, Stothard P, Verstegen J, Dyck MK. Characterization of the altered gene expression profile in early porcine embryos generated from parthenogenesis and somatic cell chromatin transfer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91728. [PMID: 24633136 PMCID: PMC3954727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro production of early porcine embryos is of particular scientific and economic interest. In general, embryos produced from in vitro Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) manipulations, such as somatic cell chromatin transfer (CT) and parthenogenetic activation (PA), are less developmentally competent than in vivo–derived embryos. The mechanisms underlying the deficiencies of embryos generated from PA and CT have not been completely understood. To characterize the altered genes and gene networks in embryos generated from CT and PA, comparative transcriptomic analyses of in vivo (IVV) expanded blastocysts (XB), IVV hatched blastocyst (HB), PA XB, PA HB, and CT HB were performed using a custom microarray platform enriched for genes expressed during early embryonic development. Differential expressions of 1492 and 103 genes were identified in PA and CT HB, respectively, in comparison with IVV HB. The “eIF2 signalling”, “mitochondrial dysfunction”, “regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K signalling”, “protein ubiquitination”, and “mTOR signalling” pathways were down-regulated in PA HB. Dysregulation of notch signalling–associated genes were observed in both PA and CT HB. TP53 was predicted to be activated in both PA and CT HB, as 136 and 23 regulation targets of TP53 showed significant differential expression in PA and CT HB, respectively, in comparison with IVV HB. In addition, dysregulations of several critical pluripotency, trophoblast development, and implantation-associated genes (NANOG, GATA2, KRT8, LGMN, and DPP4) were observed in PA HB during the blastocyst hatching process. The critical genes that were observed to be dysregulated in CT and PA embryos could be indicative of underlying developmental deficiencies of embryos produced from these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John Dobrinsky
- International Center for Biotechnology, Minitube of America, Mount Horeb, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tsoi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - George R. Foxcroft
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Walter T. Dixon
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John Verstegen
- International Center for Biotechnology, Minitube of America, Mount Horeb, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Dyck
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Singh R, Kumar K, Mahapatra PS, Kumar M, Agarwal P, Bhure SK, Malakar D, Bhanja SK, Bag S. Microarray analysis of gene expression in parthenotes and in vitro-derived goat embryos. Theriogenology 2014; 81:854-60. [PMID: 24507961 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The present work was carried out to investigate the global gene expression profile to search differentially expressed candidate transcripts between parthenogenetic and in vitro-fertilized (IVF) caprine morula. For this study, total RNA was isolated from diploid parthenogenetic and IVF embryos, and complementary DNA was synthesized. Microarray and relative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were performed to check global gene expression profile and validation, respectively. According to the microarray analysis, the total number of upregulated (UR) and downregulated (DR) genes was 613 and 220, respectively in diploid parthenogenetic morula as compared with IVF morula. The number of genes showing about two-, two- to five-, five- to 10-, 10- to 20-, and above 20-fold UR and DR genes was 147, 229, 122, 59, and 56 and 94, 73, 18, 13, and 22, respectively. Five UR genes validated (PTEN, PHF3, CTNNB1, SELK, and NPDC1) and all of them were significantly higher in parthenotes, which was in accordance with microarray results, whereas the expression of DR (AURKC and KLF15) genes were downregulated in parthenotes as observed in microarray results but the difference was not significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings demonstrate differential expression of a large number of genes in parthenotes compared with IVF embryos, which may be the reason for aberrant parthenogenetic embryo development in caprine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Singh
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Kumar
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P S Mahapatra
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pranjali Agarwal
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Bhure
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhruba Malakar
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Bhanja
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sadhan Bag
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Division of Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Maguire G, Friedman P, McCarthy D, Friedman R, Maniotis A. Stem Cell Released Molecules and Exosomes in Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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