1
|
Marques SM, Melo MR, Zoccal DB, Menani JV, Colombari DSA, Ferreira-Neto ML, Xavier CH, Colombari E, Pedrino GR. Acute inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in the commissural nucleus of the solitary tract reduces arterial pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity in renovascular hypertension. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1634-1644. [PMID: 37466439 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. However, the involvement of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the commissural nucleus of the solitary tract (commNTS) in development the of hypertension remains unclear. METHOD We evaluated the hemodynamic and sympathetic responses to acute inhibition of NADPH oxidase in the commNTS in renovascular hypertensive rats. Under anesthesia, male Holtzman rats were implanted with a silver clip around the left renal artery to induce 2-kidney 1-clip (2K1C) hypertension. After six weeks, these rats were anesthetized and instrumented for recording mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal blood flow (RBF), renal vascular resistance (RVR), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) during baseline and after injection of apocynin (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor), NSC 23766 (RAC inhibitor) or saline into the commNTS. RESULTS Apocynin into the commNTS decreased MAP, RSNA, and RVR in 2K1C rats. NSC 23766 into the commNTS decreased MAP and RSNA, without changing RVR in 2K1C rats. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the formation of ROS in the commNTS is important to maintain sympathoexcitation and hypertension in 2K1C rats and suggest that NADPH oxidase in the commNTS could be a potential target for therapeutics in renovascular hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanne M Marques
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Melo
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel B Zoccal
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - José V Menani
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Débora S A Colombari
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marcos L Ferreira-Neto
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia
| | - Carlos H Xavier
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory. Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Colombari
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Pedrino
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Knez R, Niksic M, Omerovic E. Orexin/hypocretin system dysfunction in patients with Takotsubo syndrome: A novel pathophysiological explanation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1016369. [PMID: 36407467 PMCID: PMC9670121 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1016369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute heart failure syndrome. Emotional or physical stressors are believed to precipitate TTS, while the pathophysiological mechanism is not yet completely understood. During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, an increased incidence of TTS has been reported in some countries; however, the precise pathophysiological mechanism for developing TTS with acute COVID-19 infection is unknown. Nevertheless, observing the symptoms of COVID-19 might lead to new perspectives in understanding TTS pathophysiology, as some of the symptoms of the COVID-19 infection could be assessed in the context of an orexin/hypocretin-system dysfunction. Orexin/hypocretin is a cardiorespiratory neuromodulator that acts on two orexin receptors widely distributed in the brain and peripheral tissues. In COVID-19 patients, autoantibodies against one of these orexin receptors have been reported. Orexin-system dysfunction affects a variety of systems in an organism. Here, we review the influence of orexin-system dysfunction on the cardiovascular system to propose its connection with TTS. We propose that orexin-system dysfunction is a potential novel explanation for the pathophysiology of TTS due to direct or indirect dynamics of orexin signaling, which could influence cardiac contractility. This is in line with the conceptualization of TTS as a cardiovascular syndrome rather than merely a cardiac abnormality or cardiomyopathy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication to present a plausible connection between TTS and orexin-system dysfunction. We hope that this novel hypothesis will inspire comprehensive studies regarding orexin's role in TTS pathophysiology. Furthermore, confirmation of this plausible pathophysiological mechanism could contribute to the development of orexin-based therapeutics in the treatment and prevention of TTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajna Knez
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Research and Development, Department of Women's and Child Health, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
- Institution for Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Milan Niksic
- Department of Cardiology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Elmir Omerovic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ooishi Y, Kobayashi M, Kashino M, Ueno K. Presence of Three-Dimensional Sound Field Facilitates Listeners' Mood, Felt Emotion, and Respiration Rate When Listening to Music. Front Psychol 2021; 12:650777. [PMID: 34867569 PMCID: PMC8637927 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.650777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the effects of music listening from the viewpoint of music features such as tempo or key by measuring psychological or psychophysiological responses. In addition, technologies for three-dimensional sound field (3D-SF) reproduction and binaural recording have been developed to induce a realistic sensation of sound. However, it is still unclear whether music listened to in the presence of 3D-SF is more impressive than in the absence of it. We hypothesized that the presence of a 3D-SF when listening to music facilitates listeners' moods, emotions for music, and physiological activities such as respiration rate. Here, we examined this hypothesis by evaluating differences between a reproduction condition with headphones (HD condition) and one with a 3D-SF reproduction system (3D-SF condition). We used a 3D-SF reproduction system based on the boundary surface control principle (BoSC system) to reproduce a sound field of music in the 3D-SF condition. Music in the 3D-SF condition was binaurally recorded through a dummy head in the BoSC reproduction room and reproduced with headphones in the HD condition. Therefore, music in the HD condition was auditorily as rich in information as that in the 3D-SF condition, but the 3D-sound field surrounding listeners was absent. We measured the respiration rate and heart rate of participants listening to acousmonium and pipe organ music. The participants rated their felt moods before and after they listened to music, and after they listened, they also rated their felt emotion. We found that the increase in respiration rate, the degree of decrease in well-being, and unpleasantness for both pieces in the 3D-SF condition were greater than in the HD condition. These results suggest that the presence of 3D-SF enhances changes in mood, felt emotion for music, and respiration rate when listening to music.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ooishi
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Maori Kobayashi
- Faculty of Human Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Department of Architecture, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Makio Kashino
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Kanako Ueno
- Department of Architecture, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency (CREST, JST), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ooishi Y, Fujino M, Inoue V, Nomura M, Kitagawa N. Differential Effects of Focused Attention and Open Monitoring Meditation on Autonomic Cardiac Modulation and Cortisol Secretion. Front Physiol 2021; 12:675899. [PMID: 34335292 PMCID: PMC8320390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.675899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been used widely as a useful tool for the alleviation of various stress-related symptoms. However, the effects of MBIs on stress-related physiological activity have not yet been ascertained. MBIs primarily consist of focused-attention (FA) and open-monitoring (OM) meditation. Since differing effects of FA and OM meditation on brain activities and cognitive tasks have been mentioned, we hypothesized that FA and OM meditation have also differing effects on stress-related physiological activity. In this study, we examined the effects of FA and OM meditation on autonomic cardiac modulation and cortisol secretion. Forty-one healthy adults (aged 20-46 years) who were meditation novices experienced 30-min FA and OM meditation tasks by listening to instructions. During resting- and meditation-states, electrocardiogram transducers were attached to participants to measure the R-R interval, which were used to evaluate heart rate (HR) and perform heart rate variability (HRV) analyses. Saliva samples were obtained from participants pre- and post-meditation to measure salivary cortisol levels. Results showed that FA meditation induced a decrease in HR and an increase in the root mean square of successive differences (rMSDD). In contrast, OM meditation induced an increase in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) to rMSSD ratio (SDNN/rMSSD) and a decrease in salivary cortisol levels. These results suggest that FA meditation elevates physiological relaxation, whereas OM meditation elevates physiological arousal and reduces stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ooishi
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujino
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Division of Cognitive Psychology in Education, Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Vimala Inoue
- Faculty of Health Science, Health Science University, Fujikawaguchiko, Japan
| | - Michio Nomura
- Division of Cognitive Psychology in Education, Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norimichi Kitagawa
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan.,BKC Research Organization of Social Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Yoshika Institute of Psychology, Kanoashi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao L, Zhao H, Zhu T, Liu Y, Hu L, Liu Z, Huang H, Chen F, Deng Z, Chu D, Du D. The Regulatory Effects of Lateral Hypothalamus Area GABA B Receptor on Gastric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Front Physiol 2017; 8:722. [PMID: 28983255 PMCID: PMC5613147 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTSThe aim of the research was to determine the functional effects and molecular mechanisms of GABAB receptor on ischemia reperfusion-induced gastric injury in rats. The lateral hypothalamus area GABAB receptor attenuated the ischemia reperfusion-induced gastric injury by up-regulating the production of GABA, GABABR, and down-regulating P-GABABR in the brain. This work would provide a new therapeutic strategy for acute gastric injury.
Gastric ischemia-reperfusion (GI-R) injury progression is largely associated with excessive activation of the greater splanchnic nerve (GSN). This study aims to investigate the protective effects of GABAB receptor (GABABR) in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) on GI-R injury. A model of GI-R injury was established by clamping the celiac artery for 30 min and then reperfusion for 1 h. The coordinate of FN and LHA was identified in Stereotaxic Coordinates and then the L-Glu was microinjected into FN, GABAB receptor agonist baclofen, or GABAB receptor antagonist CGP35348 was microinjected into the LHA, finally the GI-R model was prepared. The expression of GABABR, P-GABABR, NOX2, NOX4, and SOD in the LHA was detected by western blot, PCR, and RT-PCR. The expression of IL-1β, NOX2, and NXO4 in gastric mucosa was detected by western blot. We found that microinjection of L-Glu into the FN or GABAB receptor agonist (baclofen) into the LHA attenuated GI-R injury. Pretreatment with GABAB receptor antagonist CGP35348 reversed the protective effects of FN stimulation or baclofen into the LHA. Microinjection of baclofen into the LHA obviously reduced the expression of inflammatory factor IL-1β, NOX2, and NOX4 in the gastric mucosa. Conclusion: The protective effects of microinjection of GABABR agonist into LHA on GI-R injury in rats could be mediated by up-regulating the production of GABA, GABABR, and down-regulating P-GABABR in the LHA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Neurology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Huiru Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Life Science, Heze UniversityHeze, China
| | - Yeliu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityHuai'an, China
| | - Li Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Fuxue Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zhenxu Deng
- Department of Life Science, Heze UniversityHeze, China
| | - Dechang Chu
- Department of Life Science, Heze UniversityHeze, China
| | - Dongshu Du
- Neurology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du D, Hu L, Wu J, Wu Q, Cheng W, Guo Y, Guan R, Wang Y, Chen X, Yan X, Zhu D, Wang J, Zhang S, Guo Y, Xia C. Neuroinflammation contributes to autophagy flux blockage in the neurons of rostral ventrolateral medulla in stress-induced hypertension rats. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:169. [PMID: 28835252 PMCID: PMC5569471 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation plays hypertensive roles in the uninjured autonomic nuclei of the central nervous system, while its mechanisms remain unclear. The present study is to investigate the effect of neuroinflammation on autophagy in the neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), where sympathetic premotor neurons for the maintenance of vasomotor tone reside. METHODS Stress-induced hypertension (SIH) was induced by electric foot-shock stressors with noise interventions in rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the power density of the low frequency (LF) component of the SAP spectrum were measured to reflect sympathetic vasomotor activity. Microglia activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs (IL-1β, TNF-α)) expression in the RVLM were measured by immunoblotting and immunostaining. Autophagy and autophagic vacuoles (AVs) were examined by autophagic marker (LC3 and p62) expression and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image, respectively. Autophagy flux was evaluated by RFP-GFP-tandem fluorescent LC3 (tf-LC3) vectors transfected into the RVLM. Tissue levels of glutamate, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) were measured by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. The effects of the cisterna magna infused minocycline, a microglia activation inhibitor, on the abovementioned parameters were analyzed. RESULTS SIH rats showed increased SBP, plasma NE accompanied by an increase in LF component of the SBP spectrum. Microglia activation and PICs expression was increased in SIH rats. TEM demonstrated that stress led to the accumulation of AVs in the RVLM of SIH rats. In addition to the Tf-LC3 assay, the concurrent increased level of LC3-II and p62 suggested the impairment of autophagic flux in SIH rats. To the contrary, minocycline facilitated autophagic flux and induced a hypotensive effect with attenuated microglia activation and decreased PICs in the RVLM of SIH rats. Furthermore, SIH rats showed higher levels of glutamate and lower level of GABA in the RVLM, while minocycline attenuated the decrease in GABA and the increase in glutamate of SIH rats. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we concluded that the neuroinflammation might impair autophagic flux and induced neural excitotoxicity in the RVLM neurons following SIH, which is involved in the development of SIH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongshu Du
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Hu
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxiang Wu
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijuan Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingxin Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xanxia Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Danian Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jijiang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pudong Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, 200135 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Xia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Watanabe K, Ooishi Y, Kashino M. Heart rate responses induced by acoustic tempo and its interaction with basal heart rate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43856. [PMID: 28266647 PMCID: PMC5339732 DOI: 10.1038/srep43856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have revealed the influences of music on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Since previous studies focused on the effects of acoustic tempo on the ANS, and humans have their own physiological oscillations such as the heart rate (HR), the effects of acoustic tempo might depend on the HR. Here we show the relationship between HR elevation induced by acoustic tempo and individual basal HR. Since high tempo-induced HR elevation requires fast respiration, which is based on sympatho-respiratory coupling, we controlled the participants’ respiration at a faster rate (20 CPM) than usual (15 CPM). We found that sound stimuli with a faster tempo than the individual basal HR increased the HR. However, the HR increased following a gradual increase in the acoustic tempo only when the extent of the gradual increase in tempo was within a specific range (around + 2%/min). The HR did not follow the increase in acoustic tempo when the rate of the increase in the acoustic tempo exceeded 3% per minute. These results suggest that the effect of the sympatho-respiratory coupling underlying the HR elevation caused by a high acoustic tempo depends on the basal HR, and the strength and the temporal dynamics of the tempo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Watanabe
- Department of Information Processing, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuuki Ooishi
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1, Morinosato Wakamiya Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Makio Kashino
- Department of Information Processing, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.,NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1, Morinosato Wakamiya Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency (CREST, JST), Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rezq S, Abdel-Rahman AA. Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla EP3 Receptor Mediates the Sympathoexcitatory and Pressor Effects of Prostaglandin E2 in Conscious Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 359:290-299. [PMID: 27572469 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.233502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas few studies have dealt with the central sympathoexcitatory action of the inflammatory prostanoid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), there is no information on the expression and cardiovascular function of different PGE2 (EP) receptors in one of the major cardiovascular-regulating nuclei, the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The current study aimed at filling this knowledge gap as well as elucidating the implicated molecular mechanisms. To achieve these goals, we showed the expression of EP2, EP3, and EP4 receptors in the RVLM and investigated their cardiovascular roles in conscious rats, ex vivo as well as in cultured PC12 cells. Intra-RVLM PGE2 significantly increased blood pressure and sympathetic dominance (spectral analysis). Studies with selective EP receptor subtype agonists and antagonists showed that these PGE2-evoked responses were only replicated by intra-RVLM activation of the EP3 receptor with its agonist sulprostone. The RVLM of PGE2-treated rats exhibited increases in c-Fos expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation along with oxidative stress, and PGE2 increased l-glutamate release in PC12 cells (surrogates of RVLM neurons). Abrogation of the PGE2-evoked pressor and biochemical responses only occurred following EP3 receptor blockade (N-[(5-Bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-3-[2-(2-naphthalenylmethyl)phenyl]-2-propenamide, L-798106). These findings suggest the dependence of RVLM PGE2-mediated sympathoexcitation/pressor response on local EP3 receptor signaling in conscious rats, and highlight central EP3 receptor blockade as a potential therapeutic modality for hypertension management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen X, He M, Li G, Zhou Y, Zhao G, Lei Y, Yang K, Tian L, Huang Y. [Study of the Changes on Tree Shrew Bronchial Epithelium
Induced by Xuanwei Bituminous Coal Dust]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 18:469-74. [PMID: 26302342 PMCID: PMC6000230 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality in numerous countries and regions. Establishing an appropriate animal model that can be used to simulate lung cancer etiology, pathogenesis, and similar processes, is urgent. We explore the feasibility of establishing a lung cancer model induced by Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 (particulate matter with diameters of 10 μm or less), which affects bronchial epithelium of tree shrews. METHODS The neck skin of adult tree shrews is dissected, and the thyroid cartilage is fully exposed. Subsequently, the weak part at the top of the thyroid cartilage is treated with intratracheal agents by perfusion via a special infusion needle puncture method. Regular X-ray examination and lung tissue biopsy were performed on the sacrificed animals to observe changes in pulmonary imaging and bronchial epithelial cells after perfusion of Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM 10. RESULTS The tree shrews of the experimental group (exposed to bituminous coal dust) died in a week after perfusion with PM10, whereas no animal died until the end of the experiment in the blank control and the solvent control groups. Sections of lung tissue biopsy of the regularly killed tree shrews were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The lung tissues of tree shrews in the experimental group showed a serial changes caused by bronchial epithelial hyperplasia, such as squamous metaplasia, dysplasia, and early invasive carcinoma, whereas no significant pathological changes were observed in the blank control and solvent control groups. CONCLUSIONS Endotracheal infusion of Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 induces lung cancer in tree shrews. Thus, the lung cancer model was established.
.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Meng He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Guangjian Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yujie Lei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kaiyun Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Linwei Tian
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Chinese University Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| |
Collapse
|