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Park DJ, Choi W, Sayeed S, Dorschner RA, Rainaldi J, Ho K, Kezios J, Nolan JP, Mali P, Costantini T, Eliceiri BP. Defining the activity of pro-reparative extracellular vesicles in wound healing based on miRNA payloads and cell type-specific lineage mapping. Mol Ther 2024; 32:3059-3079. [PMID: 38379282 PMCID: PMC11403212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by cells and deliver biologically active payloads to coordinate the response of multiple cell types in cutaneous wound healing. Here we used a cutaneous injury model as a donor of pro-reparative EVs to treat recipient diabetic obese mice, a model of impaired wound healing. We established a functional screen for microRNAs (miRNAs) that increased the pro-reparative activity of EVs and identified a down-regulation of miR-425-5p in EVs in vivo and in vitro associated with the regulation of adiponectin. We tested a cell type-specific reporter of a tetraspanin CD9 fusion with GFP to lineage map the release of EVs from macrophages in the wound bed, based on the expression of miR-425-5p in macrophage-derived EVs and the abundance of macrophages in EV donor sites. Analysis of different promoters demonstrated that EV release under the control of a macrophage-specific promoter was most abundant and that these EVs were internalized by dermal fibroblasts. These findings suggested that pro-reparative EVs deliver miRNAs, such as miR-425-5p, that stimulate the expression of adiponectin that has insulin-sensitizing properties. We propose that EVs promote intercellular signaling between cell layers in the skin to resolve inflammation, induce proliferation of basal keratinocytes, and accelerate wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jun Park
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wooil Choi
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sakeef Sayeed
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert A Dorschner
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Rainaldi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kayla Ho
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jenny Kezios
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Todd Costantini
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian P Eliceiri
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Vera-González N, Deusenbery C, LaMastro V, Shukla A. Fungal Enzyme-Responsive Hydrogel Drug Delivery Platform for Triggered Antifungal Release. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401157. [PMID: 39210641 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections can lead to debilitating consequences if they are not treated effectively. Antifungal drugs used to treat these infections can be toxic and overuse contributes to growing antifungal resistance. Candida spp., particularly C. albicans, are implicated in a majority of these infections. Virulent C. albicans produce secreted aspartic proteases (Saps) that aid in pathogen tissue invasion and proliferation at an infected site. Here, fungi-responsive hydrogels are developed that degrade in the presence of Saps to provide a triggered release of encapsulated liposomal antifungals. The hydrogel backbone incorporates a Sap-cleavable peptide sequence enabling Sap-responsive degradation. Hydrogels are found to effectively degrade in the presence of Saps extracted from C. albicans. Encapsulated liposomal antifungals show similar release kinetics as hydrogel degradation products in the presence of Saps, supporting a degradation-dependent release mechanism. Antifungal liposome-loaded responsive hydrogels exhibit successful eradication of C. albicans cultures and remain stable in sterile murine wound fluid. Finally, no significant cytotoxicity is observed for murine fibroblast cells and red blood cells exposed to hydrogel degradation products. These fungi-responsive hydrogels have the potential to be used for local, on-demand delivery of antifungal drugs, for effective treatment of fungal infections while helping to limit unnecessary exposure to these therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Vera-González
- School Of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering, and Medicine, Brown University, 184 Hope Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Carly Deusenbery
- School Of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering, and Medicine, Brown University, 184 Hope Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Veronica LaMastro
- School Of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering, and Medicine, Brown University, 184 Hope Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Anita Shukla
- School Of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering, and Medicine, Brown University, 184 Hope Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
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Amuso VM, Haas MR, Cooper PO, Chatterjee R, Hafiz S, Salameh S, Gohel C, Mazumder MF, Josephson V, Khorsandi K, Horvath A, Rahnavard A, Shook BA. Deep skin fibroblast-mediated macrophage recruitment supports acute wound healing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.09.607357. [PMID: 39149286 PMCID: PMC11326280 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.09.607357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial and immune cells have long been appreciated for their contribution to the early immune response after injury; however, much less is known about the role of mesenchymal cells. Using single nuclei RNA-sequencing, we defined changes in gene expression associated with inflammation at 1-day post-wounding (dpw) in mouse skin. Compared to keratinocytes and myeloid cells, we detected enriched expression of pro-inflammatory genes in fibroblasts associated with deeper layers of the skin. In particular, SCA1+ fibroblasts were enriched for numerous chemokines, including CCL2, CCL7, and IL33 compared to SCA1- fibroblasts. Genetic deletion of Ccl2 in fibroblasts resulted in fewer wound bed macrophages and monocytes during injury-induced inflammation with reduced revascularization and re-epithelialization during the proliferation phase of healing. These findings highlight the important contribution of deep skin fibroblast-derived factors to injury-induced inflammation and the impact of immune cell dysregulation on subsequent tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica M. Amuso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - MaryEllen R. Haas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Paula O. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Ranojoy Chatterjee
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Sana Hafiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Shatha Salameh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Chiraag Gohel
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Miguel F. Mazumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Violet Josephson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Anelia Horvath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Ali Rahnavard
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Brett A. Shook
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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4
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Yan L, Wang J, Cai X, Liou Y, Shen H, Hao J, Huang C, Luo G, He W. Macrophage plasticity: signaling pathways, tissue repair, and regeneration. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e658. [PMID: 39092292 PMCID: PMC11292402 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile immune cells with remarkable plasticity, enabling them to adapt to diverse tissue microenvironments and perform various functions. Traditionally categorized into classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes, recent advances have revealed a spectrum of macrophage activation states that extend beyond this dichotomy. The complex interplay of signaling pathways, transcriptional regulators, and epigenetic modifications orchestrates macrophage polarization, allowing them to respond to various stimuli dynamically. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the signaling cascades governing macrophage plasticity, focusing on the roles of Toll-like receptors, signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins, nuclear receptors, and microRNAs. We also discuss the emerging concepts of macrophage metabolic reprogramming and trained immunity, contributing to their functional adaptability. Macrophage plasticity plays a pivotal role in tissue repair and regeneration, with macrophages coordinating inflammation, angiogenesis, and matrix remodeling to restore tissue homeostasis. By harnessing the potential of macrophage plasticity, novel therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization could be developed for various diseases, including chronic wounds, fibrotic disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning macrophage plasticity will pave the way for innovative regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Yan
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Xin Cai
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Yih‐Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Han‐Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauChina
| | - Jianlei Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai Institute of Translational MedicineZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University)Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
- The Biomedical Translational Research InstituteFaculty of Medical ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospitaland West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic MedicineSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn ResearchState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Damage Repair and RegenerationChongqingChina
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5
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Kanuri B, Sreejit G, Biswas P, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Macrophage heterogeneity in myocardial infarction: Evolution and implications for diverse therapeutic approaches. iScience 2024; 27:110274. [PMID: 39040061 PMCID: PMC11261154 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the extensive participation of myeloid cells (especially monocytes and macrophages) in both inflammation and resolution phases post-myocardial infarction (MI) owing to their biphasic role, these cells are considered as crucial players in the disease pathogenesis. Multiple studies have agreed on the significant contribution of macrophage polarization theory (M2 vs. M1) while determining the underlying reasons behind the observed biphasic effects; nevertheless, this simplistic classification attracts severe drawbacks. The advent of multiple advanced technologies based on OMICS platforms facilitated a successful path to explore comprehensive cellular signatures that could expedite our understanding of macrophage heterogeneity and plasticity. While providing an overall basis behind the MI disease pathogenesis, this review delves into the literature to discuss the current knowledge on multiple macrophage clusters, including the future directions in this research arena. In the end, our focus will be on outlining the possible therapeutic implications based on the emerging observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babunageswararao Kanuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Priosmita Biswas
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Division of Immunometabolism, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Prabhakara R. Nagareddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Padilla O, Minns HE, Wei HJ, Fan W, Webster-Carrion A, Tazhibi M, McQuillan NM, Zhang X, Gallitto M, Yeh R, Zhang Z, Hei TK, Szalontay L, Pavisic J, Tan Y, Deoli N, Garty G, Garvin JH, Canoll PD, Vanpouille-Box C, Menon V, Olah M, Rabadan R, Wu CC, Gartrell RD. Immune Response following FLASH and Conventional Radiation in Diffuse Midline Glioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:1248-1260. [PMID: 38364947 PMCID: PMC11209798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.01.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a fatal tumor traditionally treated with radiation therapy (RT) and previously characterized as having a noninflammatory tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). FLASH is a novel RT technique using ultra-high dose rate that is associated with decreased toxicity and effective tumor control. However, the effect of FLASH and conventional (CONV) RT on the DMG TIME has not yet been explored. METHODS AND MATERIALS Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and flow cytometry on immune cells isolated from an orthotopic syngeneic murine model of brainstem DMG after the use of FLASH (90 Gy/sec) or CONV (2 Gy/min) dose-rate RT and compared to unirradiated tumor (SHAM). RESULTS At day 4 post-RT, FLASH exerted similar effects as CONV in the predominant microglial (MG) population, including the presence of two activated subtypes. However, at day 10 post-RT, we observed a significant increase in the type 1 interferon α/β receptor (IFNAR+) in MG in CONV and SHAM compared to FLASH. In the non-resident myeloid clusters of macrophages (MACs) and dendritic cells (DCs), we found increased type 1 interferon (IFN1) pathway enrichment for CONV compared to FLASH and SHAM by scRNA-seq. We observed this trend by flow cytometry at day 4 post-RT in IFNAR+ MACs and DCs, which equalized by day 10 post-RT. DMG control and murine survival were equivalent between RT dose rates. CONCLUSIONS Our work is the first to map CONV and FLASH immune alterations of the DMG TIME with single-cell resolution. Although DMG tumor control and survival were similar between CONV and FLASH, we found that changes in immune compartments differed over time. Importantly, although both RT modalities increased IFN1, we found that the timing of this response was cell-type and dose-rate dependent. These temporal differences, particularly in the context of tumor control, warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Padilla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hanna E Minns
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Weijia Fan
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Masih Tazhibi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas M McQuillan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matthew Gallitto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Rebecca Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Tom K Hei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Luca Szalontay
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jovana Pavisic
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yuewen Tan
- Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Irvington, New York
| | - Naresh Deoli
- Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Irvington, New York
| | - Guy Garty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Irvington, New York
| | - James H Garvin
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter D Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Marta Olah
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Robyn D Gartrell
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Oncology, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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7
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Chittimalli K, Adkins S, Arora S, Singh J, Jarajapu YP. An Investigation of the Inflammatory Landscape in the Brain and Bone Marrow of the APP/PS1 Mouse. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:981-998. [PMID: 39114548 PMCID: PMC11305850 DOI: 10.3233/adr-240024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The APP/PS1 mouse model recapitulates pathology of human Alzheimer's disease (AD). While amyloid-β peptide deposition and neurodegeneration are features of AD, the pathology may involve inflammation and impaired vascular regeneration. Objective This study evaluated inflammatory environments in the brain and bone marrow (BM), and the impact on brain microvascular density. Methods BM and frontal cortex from male nine-month-old APP/PS1 or the control C57Bl6/j mice were studied. Vascular density and inflammatory cells were evaluated in the sections of frontal cortex by immunohistochemistry. Different subsets of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (BM) and monocyte-macrophages were characterized by flow cytometry and by clonogenic assays. Myelopoietic or inflammatory factors were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR or by western blotting. Results CD34+ or CD31+ vascular structures were lower (p < 0.01, n = 6) in the frontal cortex that was associated with decreased number of Lin-Sca-1+cKit+ vasculogenic progenitor cells in the BM and circulation (p < 0.02, n = 6) compared to the control. Multipotent progenitor cells MPP4, common lymphoid, common myeloid and myeloid progenitor cells were higher in the APP/PS1-BM compared to the control, which agreed with increased numbers of monocytes and pro-inflammatory macrophages. The expression of pro-myelopoietic factors and alarmins was higher in the APP/PS1 BM-HSPCs or in the BM-supernatants compared to the control. Frontal cortices of APP/PS1 mice showed higher number of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD11b+F4/80+ or CD80+) and microglia (OX42+Iba1+). Conclusions These findings show that AD pathology in APP/PS1 mice is associated with upregulated myelopoiesis, which contributes to the brain inflammation and decreased vascularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Chittimalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Stephen Adkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Sanjay Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Yagna P.R. Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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Reeder TL, Zarlenga DS, Dyer RM. Molecular evidence sterile tissue damage during pathogenesis of pododermatitis aseptica hemorrhagica circumscripta is associated with disturbed epidermal-dermal homeostasis. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00842-7. [PMID: 38825113 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Podermatitis aseptica hemorrhagica circumscripta is associated with metalloproteinase 2 weakening of distal phalangeal suspensory structures and sinkage of the distal phalanx in the claw capsule. Pressure from the tuberculum flexorium on the sole epidermis and dermis produces hemorrhagic tissue injury and defective horn production appearing as yellow-red, softened claw horn in region 4 of the sole. A model of the MAPK/ERK signal cascade orchestrating epidermal-dermal homeostasis was employed to determine if sterile inflammatory responses are linked to disturbed signal transduction for epidermal homeostasis in sole epidermis and dermis. The objective was to assess shifts in target genes of inflammation, up- and downstream MAPK/ERK signal elements, and targeted genes supporting epidermal proliferation and differentiation. Sole epidermis and dermis was removed from lateral claws bearing lesions of podermatitis aseptica hemorrhagica circumscripta, medial claws from the same limb and lateral claws from completely normal limbs of multiparous, lactating Holstein cows. The abundance levels of targeted transcripts were evaluated by real-time QPCR. Lesion effects were assessed by ANOVA, and mean comparisons were performed with t-tests to assess variations between mean expression in ulcer-bearing or medial claw dermis and epidermis and completely normal lateral claw dermis and epidermis or between ulcer-bearing dermis and epidermis and medial claw dermis and epidermis. The lesions were sterile and showed losses across multiple growth factors, their receptors, several downstream AP1 transcription components, CMYC, multiple cell cycle and terminal differentiation elements conducted by MAPK/ERK signals and β 4, α 6 and collagen 17A hemidesmosome components. These losses coincided with increased cytokeratin 6, β 1 integrin, proinflammatory metalloproteinases 2 and 9, IL1B and physiologic inhibitors of IL1B, the decoy receptor and receptor antagonist. Medial claw epidermis and dermis from limbs with lateral claws bearing podermatitis aseptica hemorrhagica circumscripta showed reductions in upstream MAPK/ERK signal elements and downstream targets that paralleled those in hemorrhagic lesions. Inhibitors of IL1B increased in the absence of real increases in inflammatory targets in the medial claw dermis and epidermis. Losses across multiple signal path elements and downstream targets were associated with negative effects on targeted transcripts supporting claw horn production and wound repair across lesion-bearing lateral claws and lesion-free medial claw dermis and epidermis. It was unclear if the sterile inflammation was causative or a consequence of these perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Reeder
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303
| | - D S Zarlenga
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
| | - R M Dyer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717-1303.
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9
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Reeder TL, Zarlenga DS, Zeigler AL, Dyer RM. Transcriptional responses consistent with perturbation in dermo-epidermal homeostasis in septic sole ulceration. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00843-9. [PMID: 38825108 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate transcriptional changes in sole epidermis and dermis of bovine claws with septic sole ulceration of the lateral claw. Assessment included changes in transcripts orchestrating epidermal homeostatic processes including epidermal proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and cell signaling. Sole epidermis and dermis was removed from region 4 of lesion-bearing lateral and lesion-free medial claws of pelvic limbs in multiparous, lactating Holstein cows. Control sole epidermis and dermis was obtained from region 4 of lateral claws of normal pelvic limbs. Transcript abundances were evaluated by real-time QPCR and relative expression analyzed by ANOVA. Relative to normal lateral claws, sole epidermis and dermis in ulcer-bearing claws exhibited downregulation of genes associated with growth factors, growth factor receptors, activator protein 1 (AP-1) and proto-oncogene (CMYC) transcription components, cell cycle elements, lateral cell-to-cell signaling elements and structures of early and late keratinocyte differentiation. These changes were accompanied by upregulation of pro-inflammatory transcripts interleukin 1 α (IL1A), interleukin1 β (IL1B), interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), the inflammasome components NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), pyrin and caspase recruitment domain (PYCARD), and caspase-1 interleukin converting enzyme (CASPASE), the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), and anti-inflammatory genes interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and interleukin1 receptor 2 (IL1R2). Transcript abundance varied across epidermis and dermis from the ulcer center, margin and epidermis and dermis adjacent to the lesion. Sole epidermis and dermis of lesion-free medial claws exhibited changes paralleling those in the adjacent lateral claws in an environment lacking inflammatory transcripts and downregulated IL1A, interleukin 18 (IL18), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA) and NOS2. These data imply perturbations in signal pathways driving epidermal proliferation and differentiation are associated with, but not inevitably linked to epidermis and dermis inflammation. Further work is warranted to better define the role of crushing tissue injury, sepsis, metalloproteinase activity, and inflammation in sole ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Reeder
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303
| | - D S Zarlenga
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
| | - A L Zeigler
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - R M Dyer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303.
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10
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Sommer K, Garibagaoglu H, Paap EM, Wiendl M, Müller TM, Atreya I, Krönke G, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Discrepant Phenotyping of Monocytes Based on CX3CR1 and CCR2 Using Fluorescent Reporters and Antibodies. Cells 2024; 13:819. [PMID: 38786041 PMCID: PMC11119841 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes, as well as downstream macrophages and dendritic cells, are essential players in the immune system, fulfilling key roles in homeostasis as well as in inflammatory conditions. Conventionally, driven by studies on reporter models, mouse monocytes are categorized into a classical and a non-classical subset based on their inversely correlated surface expression of Ly6C/CCR2 and CX3CR1. Here, we aimed to challenge this concept by antibody staining and reporter mouse models. Therefore, we took advantage of Cx3cr1GFP and Ccr2RFP reporter mice, in which the respective gene was replaced by a fluorescent reporter protein gene. We analyzed the expression of CX3CR1 and CCR2 by flow cytometry using several validated fluorochrome-coupled antibodies and compared them with the reporter gene signal in these reporter mouse strains. Although we were able to validate the specificity of the fluorochrome-coupled flow cytometry antibodies, mouse Ly6Chigh classical and Ly6Clow non-classical monocytes showed no differences in CX3CR1 expression levels in the peripheral blood and spleen when stained with these antibodies. On the contrary, in Cx3cr1GFP reporter mice, we were able to reproduce the inverse correlation of the CX3CR1 reporter gene signal and Ly6C surface expression. Furthermore, differential CCR2 surface expression correlating with the expression of Ly6C was observed by antibody staining, but not in Ccr2RFP reporter mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that phenotyping strategies for mouse monocyte subsets should be carefully selected. In accordance with the literature, the suitability of CX3CR1 antibody staining is limited, whereas for CCR2, caution should be applied when using reporter mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sommer
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
| | - Hilal Garibagaoglu
- Department of Medicine 3, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Eva-Maria Paap
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
| | - Maximilian Wiendl
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
| | - Tanja M. Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
- Medical Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.P.); (T.M.M.); (I.A.); (G.K.); (M.F.N.)
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Li H, Li B, Zheng Y. Role of microglia/macrophage polarisation in intraocular diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:45. [PMID: 38551157 PMCID: PMC10998719 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages form a crucial component of the innate immune system, and their activation is indispensable for various aspects of immune and inflammatory processes, tissue repair, and maintenance of the balance of the body's state. Macrophages are found in all ocular tissues, spanning from the front surface, including the cornea, to the posterior pole, represented by the choroid/sclera. The neural retina is also populated by specialised resident macrophages called microglia. The plasticity of microglia/macrophages allows them to adopt different activation states in response to changes in the tissue microenvironment. When exposed to various factors, microglia/macrophages polarise into distinct phenotypes, each exhibiting unique characteristics and roles. Furthermore, extensive research has indicated a close association between microglia/macrophage polarisation and the development and reversal of various intraocular diseases. The present article provides a review of the recent findings on the association between microglia/macrophage polarisation and ocular pathological processes (including autoimmune uveitis, optic neuritis, sympathetic ophthalmia, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, subretinal fibrosis, uveal melanoma, ischaemic optic neuropathy, retinopathy of prematurity and choroidal neovascularization). The paradoxical role of microglia/macrophage polarisation in retinopathy of prematurity is also discussed. Several studies have shown that microglia/macrophages are involved in the pathology of ocular diseases. However, it is required to further explore the relevant mechanisms and regulatory processes. The relationship between the functional diversity displayed by microglia/macrophage polarisation and intraocular diseases may provide a new direction for the treatment of intraocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- School of Opthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Biao Li
- School of Opthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Zheng
- School of Opthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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12
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Simkin J, Aloysius A, Adam M, Safaee F, Donahue RR, Biswas S, Lakhani Z, Gensel JC, Thybert D, Potter S, Seifert AW. Tissue-resident macrophages specifically express Lactotransferrin and Vegfc during ear pinna regeneration in spiny mice. Dev Cell 2024; 59:496-516.e6. [PMID: 38228141 PMCID: PMC10922778 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The details of how macrophages control different healing trajectories (regeneration vs. scar formation) remain poorly defined. Spiny mice (Acomys spp.) can regenerate external ear pinnae tissue, whereas lab mice (Mus musculus) form scar tissue in response to an identical injury. Here, we used this dual species system to dissect macrophage phenotypes between healing modes. We identified secreted factors from activated Acomys macrophages that induce a pro-regenerative phenotype in fibroblasts from both species. Transcriptional profiling of Acomys macrophages and subsequent in vitro tests identified VEGFC, PDGFA, and Lactotransferrin (LTF) as potential pro-regenerative modulators. Examining macrophages in vivo, we found that Acomys-resident macrophages secreted VEGFC and LTF, whereas Mus macrophages do not. Lastly, we demonstrate the requirement for VEGFC during regeneration and find that interrupting lymphangiogenesis delays blastema and new tissue formation. Together, our results demonstrate that cell-autonomous mechanisms govern how macrophages react to the same stimuli to differentially produce factors that facilitate regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Simkin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, LSU Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Ajoy Aloysius
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Mike Adam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Fatemeh Safaee
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Renée R Donahue
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Shishir Biswas
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Zohaib Lakhani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, LSU Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - John C Gensel
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - David Thybert
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ashley W Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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13
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Gibbings SL, Haist KC, Redente EF, Henson PM, Bratton DL. TNFα: TNFR1 signaling inhibits maturation and maintains the pro-inflammatory programming of monocyte-derived macrophages in murine chronic granulomatous disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354836. [PMID: 38404573 PMCID: PMC10884288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Loss of NADPH oxidase activity results in proinflammatory macrophages that contribute to hyperinflammation in Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD). Previously, it was shown in a zymosan-induced peritonitis model that gp91phox-/- (CGD) monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs) fail to phenotypically mature into pro-resolving MoMacs characteristic of wild type (WT) but retain the ability to do so when placed in the WT milieu. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that soluble factor(s) in the CGD milieu thwart appropriate programming. Methods We sought to identify key constituents using ex vivo culture of peritoneal inflammatory leukocytes and their conditioned media. MoMac phenotyping was performed via flow cytometry, measurement of efferocytic capacity and multiplex analysis of secreted cytokines. Addition of exogenous TNFα, TNFα neutralizing antibody and TNFR1-/- MoMacs were used to study the role of TNFα: TNFR1 signaling in MoMac maturation. Results More extensive phenotyping defined normal MoMac maturation and demonstrated failure of maturation of CGD MoMacs both ex vivo and in vivo. Protein components, and specifically TNFα, produced and released by CGD neutrophils and MoMacs into conditioned media was identified as critical to preventing maturation. Exogenous addition of TNFα inhibited WT MoMac maturation, and its neutralization allowed maturation of cultured CGD MoMacs. TNFα neutralization also reduced production of IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1 by CGD cells though these cytokines played no role in MoMac programming. MoMacs lacking TNFR1 matured more normally in the CGD milieu both ex vivo and following adoptive transfer in vivo. Discussion These data lend mechanistic insights into the utility of TNFα blockade in CGD and to other diseases where such therapy has been shown to be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L. Gibbings
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Kelsey C. Haist
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth F. Redente
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Peter M. Henson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Donna L. Bratton
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
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14
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Kim JE, Lee RP, Yazigi E, Atta L, Feghali J, Pant A, Jain A, Levitan I, Kim E, Patel K, Kannapadi N, Shah P, Bibic A, Hou Z, Caplan JM, Gonzalez LF, Huang J, Xu R, Fan J, Tyler B, Brem H, Boussiotis VA, Jantzie L, Robinson S, Koehler RC, Lim M, Tamargo RJ, Jackson CM. Soluble PD-L1 reprograms blood monocytes to prevent cerebral edema and facilitate recovery after ischemic stroke. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:160-174. [PMID: 38070624 PMCID: PMC11220828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute cerebral ischemia triggers a profound inflammatory response. While macrophages polarized to an M2-like phenotype clear debris and facilitate tissue repair, aberrant or prolonged macrophage activation is counterproductive to recovery. The inhibitory immune checkpoint Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) is upregulated on macrophage precursors (monocytes) in the blood after acute cerebrovascular injury. To investigate the therapeutic potential of PD-1 activation, we immunophenotyped circulating monocytes from patients and found that PD-1 expression was upregulated in the acute period after stroke. Murine studies using a temporary middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (MCAO) model showed that intraperitoneal administration of soluble Programmed Death Ligand-1 (sPD-L1) significantly decreased brain edema and improved overall survival. Mice receiving sPD-L1 also had higher performance scores short-term, and more closely resembled sham animals on assessments of long-term functional recovery. These clinical and radiographic benefits were abrogated in global and myeloid-specific PD-1 knockout animals, confirming PD-1+ monocytes as the therapeutic target of sPD-L1. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that treatment skewed monocyte maturation to a non-classical Ly6Clo, CD43hi, PD-L1+ phenotype. These data support peripheral activation of PD-1 on inflammatory monocytes as a therapeutic strategy to treat neuroinflammation after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Ryan P Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Eli Yazigi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Lyla Atta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - James Feghali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Ayush Pant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Aanchal Jain
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Idan Levitan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Medical School, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Eileen Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Kisha Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Nivedha Kannapadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Pavan Shah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Adnan Bibic
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Zhipeng Hou
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Justin M Caplan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - L Fernando Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Judy Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Risheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Jean Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Henry Brem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, the United States of America
| | - Lauren Jantzie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Departments of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, the United States of America; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Maryland, the United States of America; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, the United States of America
| | - Shenandoah Robinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Departments of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, the United States of America; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Maryland, the United States of America; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, the United States of America
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, the United States of America
| | - Rafael J Tamargo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Christopher M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America.
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15
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Shao Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhu S, Wu J, Ma K, Li G, Huang S, Wen H, Zhang C, Ma XL, Li P, Du J, Li Y. ATF3 coordinates the survival and proliferation of cardiac macrophages and protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:28-45. [PMID: 39195894 PMCID: PMC11358155 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac resident MerTK+ macrophages exert multiple protective roles after ischemic injury; however, the mechanisms regulating their fate are not fully understood. In the present study, we show that the GAS6-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), prevents apoptosis of MerTK+ macrophages after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury by repressing the transcription of multiple genes involved in type I interferon expression (Ifih1 and Ifnb1) and apoptosis (Apaf1). Mice lacking ATF3 in cardiac macrophages or myeloid cells showed excessive loss of MerTK+ cardiac macrophages, poor angiogenesis and worse heart dysfunction after IR, which were rescued by the transfer of MerTK+ cardiac macrophages. GAS6 administration improved cardiac repair in an ATF3-dependent manner. Finally, we showed a negative association of GAS6 and ATF3 expression with the risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with ischemic heart disease. These results indicate that the GAS6-ATF3 axis has a protective role against IR injury by regulating MerTK+ cardiac macrophage survival and/or proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Shao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuolin Zhu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Wu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haichu Wen
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
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16
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Bai M, Sun R, Cao B, Feng J, Wang J. Monocyte-related cytokines/chemokines in cerebral ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3693-3712. [PMID: 37452512 PMCID: PMC10651979 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the most common cause of disability in Western countries. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the development and progression of ischemic stroke, and inflammation is one of the most important mechanisms. DISCUSSION Ischemia induces the release of adenosine triphosphate/reactive oxygen species, which activates immune cells to produce many proinflammatory cytokines that activate downstream inflammatory cascades to induce fatal immune responses. Research has confirmed that peripheral blood immune cells play a vital role in the immunological cascade after ischemic stroke. The role of monocytes has received much attention among numerous peripheral blood immune cells. Monocytes induce their effects by secreting cytokines or chemokines, including CCL2/CCR2, CCR4, CCR5, CD36, CX3CL1/CX3CR1, CXCL12(SDF-1), LFA-1/ICAM-1, Ly6C, MMP-2/9, NR4A1, P2X4R, P-selectin, CD40L, TLR2/4, and VCAM-1/VLA-4. Those factors play important roles in the process of monocyte recruitment, migration, and differentiation. CONCLUSION This review focuses on the function and mechanism of the cytokines secreted by monocytes in the process of ischemic stroke and provides novel targets for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Bai
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruize Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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17
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Lecordier S, Menet R, Allain AS, ElAli A. Non-classical monocytes promote neurovascular repair in cerebral small vessel disease associated with microinfarctions via CX3CR1. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1873-1890. [PMID: 37340860 PMCID: PMC10676133 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231183742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) constitutes a major risk factor for dementia. Monocytes play important roles in cerebrovascular disorders. Herein, we aimed to investigate the contribution of non-classical C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor (CX3CR)1 monocytes to cSVD pathobiology and therapy. To this end, we generated chimeric mice in which CX3CR1 in non-classical monocytes was either functional (CX3CR1GFP/+) or dysfunctional (CX3CR1GFP/GFP). cSVD was induced in mice via the micro-occlusion of cerebral arterioles, and novel immunomodulatory approaches targeting CX3CR1 monocyte production were used. Our findings demonstrate that CX3CR1GFP/+ monocytes transiently infiltrated the ipsilateral hippocampus and were recruited to the microinfarcts 7 days after cSVD, inversely associated with neuronal degeneration and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Dysfunctional CX3CR1GFP/GFP monocytes failed to infiltrate the injured hippocampus and were associated with exacerbated microinfarctions and accelerated cognitive decline, accompanied with an impaired microvascular structure. Pharmacological stimulation of CX3CR1GFP/+ monocyte generation attenuated neuronal loss and improved cognitive functions by promoting microvascular function and preserving cerebral blood flow (CBF). These changes were associated with elevated levels of pro-angiogenic factors and matrix stabilizers in the blood circulation. The results indicate that non-classical CX3CR1 monocytes promote neurovascular repair after cSVD and constitute a promising target for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lecordier
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Quebec – Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Romain Menet
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Quebec – Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Allain
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Quebec – Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Quebec – Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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18
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He S, Liu J, Xue Y, Fu T, Li Z. Sympathetic Nerves Coordinate Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing by Controlling the Mobilization of Ly6Chi Monocytes From the Spleen to the Injured Cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:13. [PMID: 37682569 PMCID: PMC10500368 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.12.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the potential involvement of spleen-derived monocytes in the repair process following corneal epithelial abrasion. Methods A corneal epithelial abrasion model was established in male C57BL/6J mice, and the dynamic changes of monocyte subpopulations in the injured cornea were analyzed using flow cytometry. The effects of Ly6Chi monocyte depletion and local adoptive transfer of purified Ly6Chi monocytes on wound closure and neutrophil recruitment to the injured cornea were observed. The effect of sympathetic nerves on the recruitment of spleen-derived Ly6Chi monocytes to the injured cornea was also investigated using multiple methods. The emigration of fluorescence-labeled monocytes to the injured cornea was validated through intravital microscopy. Finally, differential genes between different groups were identified through high-throughput RNA sequencing and analyzed for functional enrichment, followed by verification by quantitative PCR. Results Ly6Chi monocytes were present in large numbers in the injured cornea prior to neutrophil recruitment. Predepletion of Ly6Chi monocytes significantly inhibited neutrophil recruitment to the injured cornea. Furthermore, surgical removal of the spleen significantly reduced the number of Ly6Chi monocytes in the injured cornea. Further observations revealed that sympathetic blockade significantly reduced the number of Ly6Chi monocytes recruited to the injured cornea. In contrast, administration of the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist significantly increased the number of Ly6Chi monocytes recruited to the injured cornea in animals treated with sympathectomy and catecholamine synthesis inhibition. Conclusions Our results suggest that spleen-derived Ly6Chi monocytes, under the control of the sympathetic nervous system, play a critical role in the inflammatory response following corneal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology, and Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xue
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology, and Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Fu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology, and Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology, and Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Lu D, Jiao X, Jiang W, Yang L, Gong Q, Wang X, Wei M, Gong S. Mesenchymal stem cells influence monocyte/macrophage phenotype: Regulatory mode and potential clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115042. [PMID: 37379639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from a variety of tissues, such as umbilical cord, fat, and bone marrow. Today, MSCs are widely recognized for their prominent anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In inflammatory diseases, monocytes/macrophages are an important part of the innate immune response in the body, and the alteration of the inflammatory phenotype plays a crucial role in the secretion of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory factors, the repair of injured sites, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In this review, starting from the effect of MSCs on the monocyte/macrophage phenotype, we have outlined in detail the process by which MSCs influence the transformation of the monocyte/macrophage inflammatory phenotype, emphasizing the central role of monocytes/macrophages in MSC-mediated anti-inflammatory and damage site repair. MSCs are phagocytosed by monocytes/macrophages in various physiological states, the paracrine effect of MSCs and mitochondrial transfer of MSCs to macrophages to promote the transformation of monocytes/macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotypes. We also review the clinical applications of the MSCs-monocytes/macrophages system and describe novel pathways between MSCs and tissue repair, the effects of MSCs on the adaptive immune system, and the effects of energy metabolism levels on monocyte/macrophage phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wenjian Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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20
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Wichaiyo S, Svasti S, Maiuthed A, Rukthong P, Goli AS, Morales NP. Dasatinib Ointment Promotes Healing of Murine Excisional Skin Wound. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1015-1027. [PMID: 37470022 PMCID: PMC10353058 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to produce anti-inflammatory activity and impair vascular integrity in vivo, including during skin wound healing, potentially promoting the repair process. Given that dasatinib is a lipophilic small molecule capable of penetrating skin, topical dasatinib might provide benefits in wound healing. In the present study, we investigated the impact of dasatinib ointments in skin wound healing in mice. A full thickness excisional skin wound (4 mm diameter) was generated on the shaved dorsum of eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice. Dasatinib ointment (0.1 or 0.2% w/w) or ointment base was applied twice daily (every 12 h) for 10 days. Elizabethan collars were used to prevent animal licking. The wound size was monitored daily for 14 days. The results showed that dasatinib ointments, particularly 0.1% dasatinib, promoted a 16-23% reduction in wound size (p < 0.05) during day 2 to day 6 postinjury compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated a reduction in wound neutrophils (38% reduction, p = 0.04), macrophages (47% reduction, p = 0.005), and tumor necrosis factor-α levels (73% reduction, p < 0.01), together with an induction of vascular leakage-mediated fibrin(ogen) accumulation (2.5-fold increase, p < 0.01) in the wound during day 3 postinjury (an early phase of repair) in 0.1% dasatinib-treated mice relative to control mice. The anti-inflammatory and vascular hyperpermeability activities of dasatinib were associated with an enhanced healing process, including increased keratinocyte proliferation (1.8-fold increase in Ki67+ cells, p < 0.05) and augmented angiogenesis (1.7-fold increase in CD31+ area, p < 0.05), compared to the ointment base-treated group. Following treatment with 0.2% dasatinib ointment, minor wound bleeding and scab reformation were observed during the late phase, which contributed to delayed healing. In conclusion, our data suggest that dasatinib ointment, mainly at 0.1%, promotes the repair process by reducing inflammation and producing a local and temporal vascular leakage, leading to an increase in fibrin(ogen) deposition, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis. Therefore, topical dasatinib might be a potential novel candidate to facilitate skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wichaiyo
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre
of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia
Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon
Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre
of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pattarawit Rukthong
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok 26120, Thailand
| | - Arman Syah Goli
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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21
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Schwendt A, Chammas JB, Maric M, Nicell JA, Leask R, Chalifour LE. Exposure to the non-phthalate plasticizer di-heptyl succinate is less disruptive to C57bl/6N mouse recovery from a myocardial infarction than DEHP, TOTM or related di-octyl succinate. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288491. [PMID: 37440506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalate plasticizers are incorporated into plastics to make them soft and malleable, but are known to leach out of the final product into their surroundings with potential detrimental effects to human and ecological health. The replacement of widely-used phthalate plasticizers, such as di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), that are of known toxicity, by the commercially-available alternative Tris(2-ethylhexyl) tri-mellitate (TOTM) is increasing. Additionally, several newly designed "green" plasticizers, including di-heptyl succinate (DHPS) and di-octyl succinate (DOS) have been identified as potential replacements. However, the impact of plasticizer exposure from medical devices on patient recovery is unknown and, moreover, the safety of TOTM, DHPS, and DOS is not well established in the context of patient recovery. To study the direct effect of clinically based chemical exposures, we exposed C57bl/6 N male and female mice to DEHP, TOTM, DOS, and DHPS during recovery from cardiac surgery and assessed survival, cardiac structure and function, immune cell infiltration into the cardiac wound and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Male, but not female, mice treated in vivo with DEHP and TOTM had greater cardiac dilation, reduced cardiac function, increased infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages and increased expression of inflammasome receptors and effectors, thereby suggesting impaired recovery in exposed mice. In contrast, no impact was detected in female mice and male mice exposed to DOS and DHPS. To examine the direct effects in cells involved in wound healing, we treated human THP-1 macrophages with the plasticizers in vitro and found DEHP induced greater NLRP3 expression and activation. These results suggest that replacing current plasticizers with non-phthalate-based plasticizers may improve patient recovery, especially in the male population. In our assessment, DHPS is a promising possibility for a non-toxic biocompatible plasticizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Schwendt
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Milan Maric
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jim A Nicell
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Leask
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lorraine E Chalifour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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22
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Egozi A, Olaloye O, Werner L, Silva T, McCourt B, Pierce RW, An X, Wang F, Chen K, Pober JS, Shouval D, Itzkovitz S, Konnikova L. Single-cell atlas of the human neonatal small intestine affected by necrotizing enterocolitis. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002124. [PMID: 37205711 PMCID: PMC10234541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gastrointestinal complication of premature infants with high rates of morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive view of the cellular changes and aberrant interactions that underlie NEC is lacking. This study aimed at filling in this gap. We combine single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), T-cell receptor beta (TCRβ) analysis, bulk transcriptomics, and imaging to characterize cell identities, interactions, and zonal changes in NEC. We find an abundance of proinflammatory macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells as well as T cells that exhibit increased TCRβ clonal expansion. Villus tip epithelial cells are reduced in NEC and the remaining epithelial cells up-regulate proinflammatory genes. We establish a detailed map of aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal-immune interactions that are associated with inflammation in NEC mucosa. Our analyses highlight the cellular dysregulations of NEC-associated intestinal tissue and identify potential targets for biomarker discovery and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Egozi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oluwabunmi Olaloye
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lael Werner
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel, affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tatiana Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Blake McCourt
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Richard W. Pierce
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Program in Human and Translational Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Xiaojing An
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Fujing Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kong Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jordan S. Pober
- Program in Human and Translational Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Dror Shouval
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel, affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liza Konnikova
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Program in Human and Translational Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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23
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Ma Y, Hu J, Xue X, Gu J, Pan Y, Yang J. SENP3 deletion promotes M2 macrophage polarization and accelerates wound healing through smad6/IκB/p65 signaling pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15584. [PMID: 37180935 PMCID: PMC10172869 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages preferentially polarize to the anti-inflammatory M2 subtype in response to alterations in the wound microenvironment. SUMO-specific protease 3 (SENP3), a SUMO-specific protease, has been proven to regulate inflammation in macrophages by deSUMOylating substrate proteins, but its contribution to wound healing is poorly defined. Here, we report that SENP3 deletion promotes M2 macrophage polarization and accelerates wound healing in macrophage-specific SENP3 knockout mice. Notably, it affects wound healing through the suppression of inflammation and promotion of angiogenesis and collagen remodeling. Mechanistically, we identified that SENP3 knockout facilitates M2 polarization through the Smad6/IκB/p65 signaling pathway. SENP3 knockout elevated the expression of Smad6 and IκB. Moreover, Smad6 silencing enhanced the expression of p-p65 and proinflammatory cytokines while inhibiting the level of IκB. Our study revealed the essential role of SENP3 in M2 polarization and wound healing, which offers a theoretical basis for further research and a therapeutic strategy for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiateng Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Vascular Centre of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xingjuan Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuqing City, Fujian Province, 350399, China
| | - Jianmin Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuyan Pan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.
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24
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Chittimalli K, Jahan J, Sakamuri A, Weyrick H, Winkle W, Adkins S, Vetter SW, Jarajapu YPR. Reversal of aging-associated increase in myelopoiesis and expression of alarmins by angiotensin-(1-7). Sci Rep 2023; 13:2543. [PMID: 36782016 PMCID: PMC9925828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with chronic systemic inflammation largely due to increased myelopoiesis, which in turn increases risk for vascular disease. We have previously shown evidence for the therapeutic potential of Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) in reversing vasoreparative dysfunction in aging. This study tested the hypothesis that ischemic vascular repair in aging by Ang-(1-7) involves attenuation of myelopoietic potential in the bone marrow and decreased mobilization of inflammatory cells. Young or Old male mice of age 3-4 and 22-24 months, respectively, received Ang-(1-7) (1 µg/kg/min, s.c.) for four weeks. Myelopoiesis was evaluated in the bone marrow (BM) cells by carrying out the colony forming unit (CFU-GM) assay followed by flow cytometry of monocyte-macrophages. Expression of pro-myelopoietic factors and alarmins in the hematopoietic progenitor-enriched BM cells was evaluated. Hindlimb ischemia (HLI) was induced by femoral ligation, and mobilization of monocytes into the blood stream was determined. Blood flow recovery was monitored by Laser Doppler imaging and infiltration of inflammatory cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. BM cells from Old mice generated a higher number of monocytes (Ly6G-CD11b+Ly6Chi) and M1 macrophages (Ly6ChiF4/80+) compared to that of Young, which was reversed by Ang-(1-7). Gene expression of selected myelopoietic factors, alarmins (S100A8, S100A9, S100A14 and HMGb1) and the receptor for alarmins, RAGE, was higher in the Old hematopoietic progenitor-enriched BM cells compared to the Young. Increased expressions of these factors were decreased by Ang-(1-7). Ischemia-induced mobilization of monocytes was higher in Old mice with decreased blood flow recovery and increased infiltration of monocyte-macrophages compared to the Young, all of which were reversed by Ang-(1-7). Enhanced ischemic vascular repair by Ang-(1-7) in aging is largely by decreasing the generation and recruitment of inflammatory monocyte-macrophages to the areas of ischemic injury. This is associated with decreased alarmin signaling in the BM-hematopoietic progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Chittimalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Jesmin Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Anil Sakamuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Hope Weyrick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Wink Winkle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Steven Adkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Stefan W Vetter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Yagna P R Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Sudro-16, Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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25
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Hirano R, Okamoto K, Shinke M, Sato M, Watanabe S, Watanabe H, Kondoh G, Kadonosono T, Kizaka-Kondoh S. Tissue-resident macrophages are major tumor-associated macrophage resources, contributing to early TNBC development, recurrence, and metastases. Commun Biol 2023; 6:144. [PMID: 36737474 PMCID: PMC9898263 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and highly heterogenous disease with no well-defined therapeutic targets. Treatment options are thus limited and mortality is significantly higher compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Mammary gland tissue-resident macrophages (MGTRMs) are found to be the most abundant stromal cells in early TNBC before angiogenesis. We therefore aimed to explore novel therapeutic approaches for TNBC by focusing on MGTRMs. Local depletion of MGTRMs in mammary gland fat pads the day before TNBC cell transplantation significantly reduced tumor growth and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in mice. Furthermore, local depletion of MGTRMs at the site of TNBC resection markedly reduced recurrence and distant metastases, and improved chemotherapy outcomes. This study demonstrates that MGTRMs are a major TAM resource and play pivotal roles in the growth and malignant progression of TNBC. The results highlight a possible novel anti-cancer approach targeting tissue-resident macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Hirano
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Koki Okamoto
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Miyu Shinke
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Marika Sato
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Shigeaki Watanabe
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Gen Kondoh
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kadonosono
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
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26
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Shimizu M, Hojo M, Ikushima K, Yamamoto Y, Maeno A, Sakamoto Y, Ishimaru N, Taquahashi Y, Kanno J, Hirose A, Suzuki J, Inomata A, Nakae D. Continuous infiltration of small peritoneal macrophages in the mouse peritoneum through CCR2-dependent and -independent routes during fibrosis and mesothelioma development induced by a multiwalled carbon nanotube, MWNT-7. J Toxicol Sci 2023; 48:617-639. [PMID: 38044124 DOI: 10.2131/jts.48.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Although toxicities of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) have been found to be related with activities of macrophages phagocytosing the fibers, the exact relationship between macrophage population and pathogenesis of fibrosis and mesotheliomas induced by MWCNTs is largely unknown. CCL2-CCR2 axis, a major monocyte/macrophage infiltration route, is thought to be involved in not only acute inflammation but also the formation of tumor microenvironment. We therefore described a time-course of alteration of macrophage population in an attempt to clarify the contribution of the Ccr2 gene to mesotheliomagenesis. Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and Ccr2-knockout (KO) mice were intraperitoneally administered with MWNT-7 and were sequentially necropsied at 1, 7, 28, 90, and 245 day(s) after the injection. Peritoneal fibrosis was prominent in all MWCNT-treated mice, with a lower severity in the KO mice. No differences were observed in the incidences of neoplastic lesions of mesothelia between WT and KO mice. A flow cytometric analysis revealed that after gross disappearance of macrophages after MWCNT exposure, small peritoneal macrophages (SPMs) were exclusively refurbished by the CCR2-dependent route at day 1 (as Ly-6C+MHC class II- cells), followed by additional CCR2-independent routes (as Ly-6C-MHC class II- cells); i.e., the only route in KO mice; with a delay of 1-7 days. The SPMs derived from both routes appeared to differentiate into maturated cells as Ly-6C-MHC class II+, whose ratio increased in a time-dependent manner among the total SPM population. Additionally, most macrophages expressed M1-like features, but a small fraction of macrophages exhibited an M1/M2 mixed status in MWCNT-treated animals. Our findings demonstrate a long-persistent activation of the CCL2-CCR2 axis after MWCNT exposure and enable a better understanding of the participation and potential roles of SPMs in fibrous material-induced chronic toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomu Shimizu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Motoki Hojo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Kiyomi Ikushima
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Yukio Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Ai Maeno
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Yoshimitsu Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Yuhji Taquahashi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Jun Kanno
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Chemicals Assessment and Research Center, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan
| | - Jin Suzuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Akiko Inomata
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Dai Nakae
- Department of Medical Sports, Faculty of Health Care and Medical Sports, Teikyo Heisei University
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27
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Lin S, Wang Q, Huang X, Feng J, Wang Y, Shao T, Deng X, Cao Y, Chen X, Zhou M, Zhao C. Wounds under diabetic milieu: The role of immune cellar components and signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114052. [PMID: 36462313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the field of diabetic wound healing is to confirm the body's intrinsic mechanism that could sense the immune system damage promptly and protect the wound from non-healing. Accumulating literature indicates that macrophage, a contributor to prolonged inflammation occurring at the wound site, might play such a role in hindering wound healing. Likewise, other immune cell dysfunctions, such as persistent neutrophils and T cell infection, may also lead to persistent oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction during diabetic wound healing. In this article, we discuss recent advances in the immune cellular components in wounds under the diabetic milieu, and the role of key signaling mechanisms that compromise the function of immune cells leading to persistent wound non-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Lin
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Jiawei Feng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Tengteng Shao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xiaofei Deng
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yemin Cao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xinghua Chen
- Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China; Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
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28
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Liu S, Szatmary P, Lin JW, Wang Q, Sutton R, Chen L, Liu T, Huang W, Xia Q. Circulating monocytes in acute pancreatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1062849. [PMID: 36578487 PMCID: PMC9791207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1062849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the exocrine pancreas and manifesting itself through acute onset of abdominal pain. It is frequently associated with organ failure, pancreatic necrosis, and death. Mounting evidence describes monocytes - phagocytic, antigen presenting, and regulatory cells of the innate immune system - as key contributors and regulators of the inflammatory response and subsequent organ failure in acute pancreatitis. This review highlights the recent advances of dynamic change of numbers, phenotypes, and functions of circulating monocytes as well as their underling regulatory mechanisms with a special focus on the role of lipid modulation during acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Liu
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peter Szatmary
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jing-wen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Tingting Liu, ; Wei Huang, ; Qing Xia,
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Institutes for Systems Genetics & Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Tingting Liu, ; Wei Huang, ; Qing Xia,
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Tingting Liu, ; Wei Huang, ; Qing Xia,
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29
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Abstract
We investigated the dynamics of the gene expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers during skin wound healing in mice. Expression of M1-macrophage markers, such as Il12a, Tnf, Il6, Il1b, and Nos2 was upregulated after wounding and peaked at 1 or 3 days after injury, and that of M2-macrophage markers such as Mrc1, Cd163, Ccl17, Arg, and Tgfb1, peaked at 6 days after injury. Consistent with these findings, using triple-color immunofluorescence analysis revealed that F4/80+CD80+ M1 macrophages were more abundant than F4/80+CD206+ M2 macrophages on day 3 in mouse wound specimens, and that M2 macrophages were prominently detected in day 6 wounds. For application in forensic practice, we examined macrophage polarization using human wound specimens. The average ratios of CD68+iNOS+ M1 macrophages to CD68+CD163+ M2 macrophages (M1/M2 ratios) were greater than 2.5 for the wounds aged 2-5 days. Out of 11 wounds aged 1-5 days, five samples had the M1/M2 ratios of > 3.0. These observations propose that the M1/M2 ratios of 3.0 would indicate a wound age of 1-5 days as the forensic opinion. This study showed that M1 and M2 macrophages in human skin wound might be a promising marker for wound age determination.
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30
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Sim SL, Kumari S, Kaur S, Khosrotehrani K. Macrophages in Skin Wounds: Functions and Therapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1659. [PMID: 36359009 PMCID: PMC9687369 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages regulate cutaneous wound healing by immune surveillance, tissue repair and remodelling. The depletion of dermal macrophages during the early and middle stages of wound healing has a detrimental impact on wound closure, characterised by reduced vessel density, fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation, delayed re-epithelization and abated post-healing fibrosis and scar formation. However, in some animal species, oral mucosa and foetal life, cutaneous wounds can heal normally and remain scarless without any involvement of macrophages. These paradoxical observations have created much controversy on macrophages' indispensable role in skin wound healing. Advanced knowledge gained by characterising macrophage subsets, their plasticity in switching phenotypes and molecular drivers provides new insights into their functional importance during cutaneous wound healing. In this review, we highlight the recent findings on skin macrophage subsets, their functional role in adult cutaneous wound healing and the potential benefits of targeting them for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seen Ling Sim
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Snehlata Kumari
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Simranpreet Kaur
- Mater Research Institute-UQ, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
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31
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Park DJ, Duggan E, Ho K, Dorschner RA, Dobke M, Nolan JP, Eliceiri BP. Serpin-loaded extracellular vesicles promote tissue repair in a mouse model of impaired wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:474. [PMID: 36335351 PMCID: PMC9636779 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes are characterized by delayed wound healing and a dysregulation of the inflammatory phase of wound repair. Our study focuses on changes in the payload of extracellular vesicles (EVs) communicating between immune cells and stromal cells in the wound bed, which regulate the rate of wound closure. Adoptive transfer of EVs from genetically defined mouse models are used here to demonstrate a functional and molecular basis for differences in the pro-reparative biological activity of diabetic (db/db) vs. wildtype EVs in wound healing. We identify several members of the Serpin family of serine protease inhibitors that are absent in db/db EVs, then we overexpress Serpin A1, F2 and G1 in EVs to evaluate their effect on wound healing in db/db mice. Serpins have an important role in regulating levels of elastase, plasmin and complement factors that coordinate immune cell signaling in full thickness wounds in a diabetic model. Here, we establish a novel therapeutic approach by engineering the payload of EVs based on proteomic analysis. Serpin-loaded EVs were used to rescue the Serpin deficiency identified by proteomics and promote wound healing in db/db mice, as well as evaluated how EVs affected extracellular matrix remodeling and the resolution of tissue injury. Therefore, we propose that the identification of EV payloads that are downregulated in diabetic wounds can be systematically analyzed for their functional activity and potential as a therapeutic, based on whether their re-expression in engineered EVs restores normal kinetics of tissue repair in chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jun Park
- Departments of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 8236, La Jolla, CA, 92093-8236, USA
| | - Erika Duggan
- Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Kayla Ho
- Departments of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 8236, La Jolla, CA, 92093-8236, USA
| | - Robert A Dorschner
- Dermatology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 8236, La Jolla, CA, 92093-8236, USA
| | - Marek Dobke
- Departments of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 8236, La Jolla, CA, 92093-8236, USA
| | - John P Nolan
- Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Brian P Eliceiri
- Departments of Surgery, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 8236, La Jolla, CA, 92093-8236, USA.
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32
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Morris SM, Chauhan A. The role of platelet mediated thromboinflammation in acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037645. [PMID: 36389830 PMCID: PMC9647048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injuries have wide and varied etiologies and they occur both in patients with and without pre-existent chronic liver disease. Whilst the pathophysiological mechanisms remain distinct, both acute and acute-on-chronic liver injury is typified by deranged serum transaminase levels and if severe or persistent can result in liver failure manifest by a combination of jaundice, coagulopathy and encephalopathy. It is well established that platelets exhibit diverse functions as immune cells and are active participants in inflammation through processes including immunothrombosis or thromboinflammation. Growing evidence suggests platelets play a dualistic role in liver inflammation, shaping the immune response through direct interactions and release of soluble mediators modulating function of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, stromal cells as well as migrating and tissue-resident leucocytes. Elucidating the pathways involved in initiation, propagation and resolution of the immune response are of interest to identify therapeutic targets. In this review the provocative role of platelets is outlined, highlighting beneficial and detrimental effects in a spatial, temporal and disease-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Morris
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Abhishek Chauhan,
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33
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Senserrich J, Guallar-Garrido S, Gomez-Mora E, Urrea V, Clotet B, Julián E, Cabrera C. Remodeling the bladder tumor immune microenvironment by mycobacterial species with changes in their cell envelope composition. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993401. [PMID: 36304456 PMCID: PMC9593704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravesical BCG instillation after bladder tumor resection is the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; however, it is not always effective and frequently has undesirable side effects. Therefore, new strategies that improve the clinical management of patients are urgently needed. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the bladder tumor immune microenvironment profile after intravesical treatment with a panel of mycobacteria with variation in their cell envelope composition and its impact on survival using an orthotopic murine model to identify more effective and safer therapeutic strategies. tumor-bearing mice were intravesically treated with a panel of BCG and M. brumae cultured under different conditions. Untreated tumor-bearing mice and healthy mice were also included as controls. After mycobacterial treatments, the infiltrating immune cell populations in the bladder were analysed by flow cytometry. We provide evidence that mycobacterial treatment triggered a strong immune infiltration into the bladder, with BCG inducing higher global absolute infiltration than M. brumae. The induced global immune microenvironment was strikingly different between the two mycobacterial species, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Compared with M. brumae, BCG treated mice exhibited a more robust infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells skewed toward an effector memory phenotype, with higher frequencies of NKT cells, neutrophils/gMDSCs and monocytes, especially the inflammatory subset, and higher CD4+ TEM/CD4+ Treg and CD8+ TEM/CD4+ Treg ratios. Conversely, M. brumae treatment triggered higher proportions of total activated immune cells and activated CD4+ and CD8+ TEM cells and lower ratios of CD4+ TEM cells/CD4+ Tregs, CD8+ TEM cells/CD4+ Tregs and inflammatory/reparative monocytes. Notably, the mycobacterial cell envelope composition in M. brumae had a strong impact on the immune microenvironment, shaping the B and myeloid cell compartment and T-cell maturation profile and thus improving survival. Overall, we demonstrate that the bladder immune microenvironment induced by mycobacterial treatment is species specific and shaped by mycobacterial cell envelope composition. Therefore, the global bladder immune microenvironment can be remodelled, improving the quality of infiltrating immune cells, the balance between inflammatory and regulatory/suppressive responses and increasing survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Senserrich
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Guallar-Garrido
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Gomez-Mora
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Urrea
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació lluita contra la SIDA, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Catalonia, Spain
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Julián
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Cabrera
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Cecilia Cabrera, ; Esther Julián,
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34
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Zhang S, Wan D, Zhu M, Wang G, Zhang X, Huang N, Zhang J, Zhang C, Shang Q, Zhang C, Liu X, Liang F, Zhang C, Kong G, Geng J, Yao L, Lu S, Chen Y, Li Z. CD11b + CD43 hi Ly6C lo splenocyte-derived macrophages exacerbate liver fibrosis via spleen-liver axis. Hepatology 2022; 77:1612-1629. [PMID: 36098707 PMCID: PMC10113005 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs), a dominant population of hepatic macrophages under inflammation, play a crucial role in liver fibrosis progression. The spleen serves as an extra monocyte reservoir in inflammatory conditions; however, the precise mechanisms of involvement of the spleen in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS By splenectomy and splenocyte transfusion, it was observed that splenic CD11b+ cells accumulated intrahepatically as Ly6Clo MoMFs to exacerbate CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis. The splenocyte migration into the fibrotic liver was further directly visualized by spleen-specific photoconversion with KikGR mice and confirmed by CD45.1+ /CD45.2+ spleen transplantation. Spleen-derived CD11b+ cells purified from fibrotic livers were then annotated by single-cell RNA sequencing, and a subtype of CD11b+ CD43hi Ly6Clo splenic monocytes (sM-1s) was identified, which was markedly expanded in both spleens and livers of mice with liver fibrosis. sM-1s exhibited mature feature with high expressions of F4/80, produced much ROS, and manifested preferential migration into livers. Once recruited, sM-1s underwent sequential transformation to sM-2s (highly expressed Mif, Msr1, Clec4d, and Cstb) and then to spleen-derived macrophages (sMφs) with macrophage features of higher expressions of CX3 CR1, F4/80, MHC class II, and CD64 in the fibrotic hepatic milieu. Furthermore, sM-2s and sMφs were demonstrated capable of activating hepatic stellate cells and thus exacerbating liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS CD11b+ CD43hi Ly6Clo splenic monocytes migrate into the liver and shift to macrophages, which account for the exacerbation of liver fibrosis. These findings reveal precise mechanisms of spleen-liver axis in hepatic pathogenesis and shed light on the potential of sM-1 as candidate target for controlling liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengchen Zhu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Guihu Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Xurui Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Huang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chongyu Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Shang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Fanfan Liang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangyao Kong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Geng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China
| | - Libo Yao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, CHESS-Shaanxi consortium, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
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35
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Aderibigbe BA. Hybrid-Based Wound Dressings: Combination of Synthetic and Biopolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3806. [PMID: 36145951 PMCID: PMC9502880 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most commercialized wound dressings are polymer-based. Synthetic and natural polymers have been utilized widely for the development of wound dressings. However, the use of natural polymers is limited by their poor mechanical properties, resulting in their combination with synthetic polymers and other materials to enhance their mechanical properties. Natural polymers are mostly affordable, biocompatible, and biodegradable with promising antimicrobial activity. They have been further tailored into unique hybrid wound dressings when combined with synthetic polymers and selected biomaterials. Some important features required in an ideal wound dressing include the capability to prevent bacteria invasion, reduce odor, absorb exudates, be comfortable, facilitate easy application and removal as well as frequent changing, prevent further skin tear and irritation when applied or removed, and provide a moist environment and soothing effect, be permeable to gases, etc. The efficacy of polymers in the design of wound dressings cannot be overemphasized. This review article reports the efficacy of wound dressings prepared from a combination of synthetic and natural polymers.
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Sharifiaghdam M, Shaabani E, Faridi-Majidi R, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Fraire JC. Macrophages as a therapeutic target to promote diabetic wound healing. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2891-2908. [PMID: 35918892 PMCID: PMC9482022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that macrophages are key regulators of wound healing, displaying impressive plasticity and an evolving phenotype, from an aggressive pro-inflammatory or "M1" phenotype to a pro-healing or "M2" phenotype, depending on the wound healing stage, to ensure proper healing. Because dysregulated macrophage responses have been linked to impaired healing of diabetic wounds, macrophages are being considered as a therapeutic target for improved wound healing. In this review, we first discuss the role of macrophages in a normal skin wound healing process and discuss the aberrations that occur in macrophages under diabetic conditions. Next we provide an overview of recent macrophage-based therapeutic approaches, including delivery of ex-vivo-activated macrophages and delivery of pharmacological strategies aimed at eliminating or re-educating local skin macrophages. In particular, we focus on strategies to silence key regulator genes to repolarize wound macrophages to the M2 phenotype, and we provide a discussion of their potential future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sharifiaghdam
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Shaabani
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Juan C Fraire
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Al Sadoun H. Macrophage Phenotypes in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing and Therapeutic Interventions. Cells 2022; 11:2430. [PMID: 35954275 PMCID: PMC9367932 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage differentiation and polarization are essential players in the success of the wound-healing process. Acute simple wounds progress from inflammation to proliferation/regeneration and, finally, to remodeling. In injured skin, macrophages either reside in the epithelium or are recruited from monocytes. Their main role is supported by their plasticity, which allows them to adopt different phenotypic states, such as the M1-inflammatory state, in which they produce TNF and NO, and the M2-reparative state, in which they resolve inflammation and exhibit a reparative function. Reparative macrophages are an essential source of growth factors such as TGF-β and VEGF and are not found in nonhealing wounds. This review discusses the differences between macrophage phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, how macrophages originate, and how they cross-communicate with other cellular components in a wound. This review also highlights the dysregulation of macrophages that occurs in nonhealing versus overhealing wounds and fibrosis. Then, the therapeutic manipulation of macrophages is presented as an attractive strategy for promoting healing through the secretion of growth factors for angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, and collagen production. Finally, Hoxa3 overexpression is discussed as an example of the therapeutic repolarization of macrophages to the normal maturation state and phenotype with better healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Al Sadoun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; ; Tel.: +966-(12)-6400000 (ext. 24277)
- Stem Cell Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Mills SJ, Ahangar P, Thomas HM, Hofma BR, Murray RZ, Cowin AJ. Flightless I Negatively Regulates Macrophage Surface TLR4, Delays Early Inflammation, and Impedes Wound Healing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142192. [PMID: 35883634 PMCID: PMC9318993 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
TLR4 plays a pivotal role in orchestrating inflammation and tissue repair. Its expression has finally been balanced to initiate the early, robust immune response necessary for efficient repair without excessively amplifying and prolonging inflammation, which impairs healing. Studies show Flightless I (Flii) is an immunomodulator that negatively regulates macrophage TLR4 signalling. Using macrophages from Flii+/−, WT, and FliiTg/Tg mice, we have shown that elevated Flii reduces early TLR4 surface expression, delaying and reducing subsequent TNF secretions. In contrast, reduced Flii increases surface TLR4, leading to an earlier robust TNF peak. In Flii+/− mice, TLR4 levels peak earlier during wound repair, and overall healing is accelerated. Fewer neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages are recruited to Flii+/− wounds, leading to fewer TNF-positive macrophages, alongside an early peak and a robust shift to M2 anti-inflammatory, reparative Ym1+ and IL-10+ macrophages. Importantly, in diabetic mice, high Flii levels are found in plasma and unwounded skin, with further increases observed in their wounds, which have impaired healing. Lowering Flii in diabetic mice results in an earlier shift to M2 macrophages and improved healing. Overall, this suggests Flii regulation of TLR4 reduces early inflammation and decreases the M2 macrophage phenotype, leading to impaired healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Mills
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia; (P.A.); (H.M.T.); (B.R.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.M.); (A.J.C.); Tel.: +61-8-8302-3896 (S.J.M.)
| | - Parinaz Ahangar
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia; (P.A.); (H.M.T.); (B.R.H.)
| | - Hannah M. Thomas
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia; (P.A.); (H.M.T.); (B.R.H.)
| | - Benjamin R. Hofma
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia; (P.A.); (H.M.T.); (B.R.H.)
| | - Rachael Z. Murray
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia;
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Regenerative Medicine, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide SA 5095, Australia; (P.A.); (H.M.T.); (B.R.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.M.); (A.J.C.); Tel.: +61-8-8302-3896 (S.J.M.)
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Lin CM, Huang TH, Chi MC, Guo SE, Lee CW, Hwang SL, Shi CS. N-acetylcysteine alleviates fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced lung injury by attenuation of ROS-mediated recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6C high monocytes and lung inflammation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113632. [PMID: 35594827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to particulate matter (PM) may contribute to lung inflammation and injury. The therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a well-known antioxidant, with regards to the prevention and treatment of fine PM (PM2.5)-induced lung injury is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of PM2.5 on the recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes into lung alveoli and the production of proinflammatory proteins by stimulating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to investigate the therapeutic effect of NAC on PM2.5-induced lung injury. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a single administration of PM2.5 (200 μg/100 μl/mouse) or phosphate-buffered saline (control) via intratracheal instillation. The mice were injected intratracheally via a microsprayer aerosolizer with NAC (20 or 40 mg/kg) 1 h before PM2.5 instillation and 24 h after PM2.5 instillation. Total protein, VEGF, IL-6, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determining levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite in BALF. Flow cytometric analysis was used to identify and quantify neutrophils and Ly6Chigh and Ly6Clow monocyte subsets. RESULTS Neutrophil count, total protein, and VEGF content in BALF significantly increased after PM2.5 exposure and reached the highest level on day 2. Increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, nitrite, and MDA in BALF were also noted. Flow cytometric analysis showed increased recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh, but not Ly6Clow monocytes, into lung alveoli. Treatment with NAC via the intratracheal spray significantly attenuated the recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes into lung alveoli in PM2.5-treated mice in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, NAC significantly attenuated the production of total protein, VEGF, nitrite, and MDA in the mice with PM2.5-induced lung injury in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION PM2.5-induced lung injury caused by the generation of oxidative stress led to the recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes, and production of inflammatory proteins. NAC treatment alleviated PM2.5-induced lung injury by attenuating the ROS-mediated recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes and lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Mo Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsiung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Ching Chi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Chronic Disease and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Su-Er Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Chronic Disease and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Nursing and Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Su-Lun Hwang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Chronic Disease and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Nursing and Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan.
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Wicks EE, Ran KR, Kim JE, Xu R, Lee RP, Jackson CM. The Translational Potential of Microglia and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Ischemic Stroke. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897022. [PMID: 35795678 PMCID: PMC9251541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune response to ischemic stroke is an area of study that is at the forefront of stroke research and presents promising new avenues for treatment development. Upon cerebral vessel occlusion, the innate immune system is activated by danger-associated molecular signals from stressed and dying neurons. Microglia, an immune cell population within the central nervous system which phagocytose cell debris and modulate the immune response via cytokine signaling, are the first cell population to become activated. Soon after, monocytes arrive from the peripheral immune system, differentiate into macrophages, and further aid in the immune response. Upon activation, both microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages are capable of polarizing into phenotypes which can either promote or attenuate the inflammatory response. Phenotypes which promote the inflammatory response are hypothesized to increase neuronal damage and impair recovery of neuronal function during the later phases of ischemic stroke. Therefore, modulating neuroimmune cells to adopt an anti-inflammatory response post ischemic stroke is an area of current research interest and potential treatment development. In this review, we outline the biology of microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages, further explain their roles in the acute, subacute, and chronic stages of ischemic stroke, and highlight current treatment development efforts which target these cells in the context of ischemic stroke.
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Campos-Mora M, De Solminihac J, Rojas C, Padilla C, Kurte M, Pacheco R, Kaehne T, Wyneken Ú, Pino-Lagos K. Neuropilin-1 is present on Foxp3+ T regulatory cell-derived small extracellular vesicles and mediates immunity against skin transplantation. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12237. [PMID: 35676234 PMCID: PMC9177693 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the mechanisms of suppression that T regulatory (Treg) cells exert to control the immune responses, the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) has been recently proposed as a novel contact‐independent immunomodulatory mechanism. Previous studies have demonstrated that Treg cells produce sEV, including exosomes, able to modulate the effector function of CD4+ T cells, and antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs) through the transfer of microRNA, cytokines, the production of adenosine, among others. Previously, we have demonstrated that Neuropilin‐1 (Nrp1) is required for Tregs‐mediated immunosuppression mainly by impacting on the phenotype and function of effector CD4+ T cells. Here, we show that Foxp3+ Treg cells secrete sEV, which bear Nrp1 in their membrane. These sEV modulate effector CD4+ T cell phenotype and proliferation in vitro in a Nrp1‐dependent manner. Proteomic analysis indicated that sEV obtained from wild type (wt) and Nrp1KO Treg cells differed in proteins related to immune tolerance, finding less representation of CD73 and Granzyme B in sEV obtained from Nrp1KO Treg cells. Likewise, we show that Nrp1 is required in Treg cell‐derived sEV for inducing skin transplantation tolerance, since a reduction in graft survival and an increase on M1/M2 ratio were found in animals treated with Nrp1KO Treg cell‐derived sEV. Altogether, this study describes for the first time that Treg cells secrete sEV containing Nrp1 and that this protein, among others, is necessary to promote transplantation tolerance in vivo via sEV local administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Campos-Mora
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera De Solminihac
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Padilla
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Kurte
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thilo Kaehne
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Úrsula Wyneken
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Baratchart E, Lo CH, Lynch CC, Basanta D. Integrated computational and in vivo models reveal Key Insights into macrophage behavior during bone healing. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009839. [PMID: 35559958 PMCID: PMC9106165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived monocyte and macrophages are key cells in the bone that contribute to remodeling and injury repair. However, their temporal polarization status and control of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts responses is largely unknown. In this study, we focused on two aspects of monocyte/macrophage dynamics and polarization states over time: 1) the injury-triggered pro- and anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages temporal profiles, 2) the contributions of pro- versus anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages in coordinating healing response. Bone healing is a complex multicellular dynamic process. While traditional in vitro and in vivo experimentation may capture the behavior of select populations with high resolution, they cannot simultaneously track the behavior of multiple populations. To address this, we have used an integrated coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs)-based framework describing multiple cellular species to in vivo bone injury data in order to identify and test various hypotheses regarding bone cell populations dynamics. Our approach allowed us to infer several biological insights including, but not limited to,: 1) anti-inflammatory macrophages are key for early osteoclast inhibition and pro-inflammatory macrophage suppression, 2) pro-inflammatory macrophages are involved in osteoclast bone resorptive activity, whereas osteoblasts promote osteoclast differentiation, 3) Pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages rise during two expansion waves, which can be explained by the anti-inflammatory macrophages-mediated inhibition phase between the two waves. In addition, we further tested the robustness of the mathematical model by comparing simulation results to an independent experimental dataset. Taken together, this novel comprehensive mathematical framework allowed us to identify biological mechanisms that best recapitulate bone injury data and that explain the coupled cellular population dynamics involved in the process. Furthermore, our hypothesis testing methodology could be used in other contexts to decipher mechanisms in complex multicellular processes. Myeloid-derived monocytes/macrophages are key cells for bone remodeling and injury repair. However, their temporal polarization status and control of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts responses is largely unknown. In this study, we focused on two aspects of monocyte/macrophage population dynamics: 1) the injury-triggered pro- and anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages temporal profiles, 2) the contributions of pro- versus anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages in coordinating healing response. In order to test various hypotheses regarding bone cell populations dynamics, we have integrated a coupled ordinary differential equations-based framework describing multiple cellular species to in vivo bone injury data. Our approach allowed us to infer several biological insights including: 1) anti-inflammatory macrophages are key for early osteoclast inhibition and pro-inflammatory macrophage suppression, 2) pro-inflammatory macrophages are involved in osteoclast bone resorptive activity, whereas osteoblasts promote osteoclast differentiation, 3) Pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages rise during two expansion waves, which can be explained by the anti-inflammatory macrophages-mediated inhibition phase between the two waves. Taken together, this mathematical framework allowed us to identify biological mechanisms that recapitulate bone injury data and that explain the coupled cellular population dynamics involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Baratchart
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, SRB4, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chen Hao Lo
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Department of Cell Biology Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Tumor Biology Department, SRB3, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Conor C. Lynch
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Department of Cell Biology Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CL); (DB)
| | - David Basanta
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology Department, SRB4, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CL); (DB)
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Duong L, Pixley FJ, Nelson DJ, Jackaman C. Aging Leads to Increased Monocytes and Macrophages With Altered CSF-1 Receptor Expression and Earlier Tumor-Associated Macrophage Expansion in Murine Mesothelioma. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:848925. [PMID: 35821822 PMCID: PMC9261395 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.848925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Increased cancer incidence occurs with the emergence of immunosenescence, highlighting the indispensability of the immune system in preventing cancer and its dysregulation with aging. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are often present in high numbers and are associated with poor clinical outcomes in solid cancers, including mesothelioma. Monocytes and macrophages from the bone marrow and spleen can respond to tumor-derived factors, such as CSF-1, and initiation of the CSF-1R signaling cascade results in their proliferation, differentiation, and migration to the tumor. Age-related changes occur in monocytes and macrophages in terms of numbers and function, which in turn can impact tumor initiation and progression. Whether this is due to changes in CSF-1R expression with aging is currently unknown and was investigated in this study. We examined monocytes and macrophages in the bone marrow and spleen during healthy aging in young (3–4 months) and elderly (20–24 months) female C57BL/6J mice. Additionally, changes to these tissues and in TAMs were examined during AE17 mesothelioma tumor growth. Healthy aging resulted in an expansion of Ly6Chigh monocytes and macrophages in the bone marrow and spleen. CSF-1R expression levels were reduced in elderly splenic macrophages only, suggesting differences in CSF-1R signaling between both cell type and tissue site. In tumor-bearing mice, Ly6Chigh monocytes increased with tumor growth in the spleen in the elderly and increased intracellular CSF-1R expression occurred in bone marrow Ly6Chigh monocytes in elderly mice bearing large tumors. Age-related changes to bone marrow and splenic Ly6Chigh monocytes were reflected in the tumor, where we observed increased Ly6Chigh TAMs earlier and expansion of Ly6Clow TAMs later during AE17 tumor growth in the elderly compared to young mice. F4/80high TAMs increased with tumor growth in both young and elderly mice and were the largest subset of TAMs in the tumor. Together, this suggests there may be a faster transition of Ly6Chigh towards F4/80high TAMs with aging. Amongst TAM subsets, expression of CSF-1R was lowest in F4/80high TAMs, however Ly6Clow TAMs had higher intracellular CSF-1R expression. This suggests downstream CSF-1R signaling may vary between macrophage subsets, which can have implications towards CSF-1R blockade therapies targeting macrophages in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lelinh Duong
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona J. Pixley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Delia J. Nelson
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Connie Jackaman
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Connie Jackaman,
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Gibbings SL, Haist KC, Nick H, Frasch SC, Glass TH, Vestal B, Danhorn T, Mould KJ, Henson PM, Bratton DL. Heightened turnover and failed maturation of monocyte-derived macrophages in murine chronic granulomatous disease. Blood 2022; 139:1707-1721. [PMID: 34699591 PMCID: PMC8931516 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of NADPH oxidase activity leads to altered phagocyte responses and exaggerated inflammation in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). We sought to assess the effects of Nox2 absence on monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs) in gp91phox-/y mice during zymosan-induced peritonitis. MoMacs from CGD and wild-type (WT) peritonea were characterized over time after zymosan injection. Although numbers lavaged from both genotypes were virtually identical, there were marked differences in maturation: newly recruited WT MoMacs rapidly enlarged and matured, losing Ly6C and gaining MHCII, CD206, and CD36, whereas CGD MoMacs remained small and were mostly Ly6C+MHCII-. RNA-sequencing analyses showed few intrinsic differences between genotypes in newly recruited MoMacs but significant differences with time. WT MoMacs displayed changes in metabolism, adhesion, and reparative functions, whereas CGD MoMacs remained inflammatory. PKH dye labeling revealed that although WT MoMacs were mostly recruited within the first 24 hours and remained in the peritoneum while maturing and enlarging, CGD monocytes streamed into the peritoneum for days, with many migrating to the diaphragm where they were found in fibrin(ogen) clots surrounding clusters of neutrophils in nascent pyogranulomata. Importantly, these observations seemed to be driven by milieu: adoptive transfer of CGD MoMacs into inflamed peritonea of WT mice resulted in immunophenotypic maturation and normal behavior, whereas altered maturation/behavior of WT MoMacs resulted from transfer into inflamed peritonea of CGD mice. In addition, Nox2-deficient MoMacs behaved similarly to their Nox2-sufficient counterparts within the largely WT milieu of mixed bone marrow chimeras. These data show persistent recruitment with fundamental failure of MoMac maturation in CGD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey C Haist
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Heidi Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | - Teagan H Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | | | - Kara J Mould
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO; and
| | - Peter M Henson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Donna L Bratton
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
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45
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IL-10 Dysregulation Underlies Chemokine Insufficiency, Delayed Macrophage Response, and Impaired Healing in Diabetic Wounds. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:692-704.e14. [PMID: 34517005 PMCID: PMC8860852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation is a major contributor to healing impairment in diabetic chronic wounds. Paradoxically, diabetic wound environment during the acute phase of healing is completely different because it exhibits a reduced macrophage response owing to inadequate expression of CCL2 proinflammatory cytokine. What causes a reduction in CCL2 expression in diabetic wounds early after injury remains unknown. In this study, we report that in contrast to prolonged exposure to high glucose, which makes monocytes proinflammatory, short-term exposure to high glucose causes a rapid monocyte reprogramming, manifested by increased expression and secretion of IL-10, which in an autocrine/paracrine fashion reduces glucose uptake and transforms monocytes into an anti-inflammatory phenotype by dampening signaling through toll-like receptors. We show that IL-10 expression is significantly increased in diabetic wounds during the acute phase of healing, causing significant reductions in toll-like receptor signaling and proinflammatory cytokine production, delaying macrophage and leukocyte responses, and underlying healing impairment in diabetic wounds. Importantly, blocking IL-10 signaling during the acute phase of healing improves toll-like receptor signaling, increases proinflammatory cytokine production, enhances macrophage and leukocyte responses, and stimulates healing in diabetic wounds. We posit that anti-IL-10 strategies have therapeutic potential if added topically after surgical debridement, which resets chronic wounds into acute fresh wounds.
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46
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Schwendt A, Chammas JB, Chalifour LE. Acute exposure to phthalates during recovery from a myocardial infarction induces greater inflammasome activation in male C57bl/6N mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 440:115954. [PMID: 35245615 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Plasticizers escape from medical devices used in cardiac surgery into patient blood and tissues. Increased di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) exposure is correlated with chronic inflammation in vivo and increased cytokine release in exposed monocytes in vitro. To determine if acute phthalate exposure enhanced inflammation in a model of cardiac damage, we measured immune cell infiltration, inflammasome expression and cardiac function in male C57bl/6 N mice exposed to phthalates during recovery from a surgically-induced myocardial infarction (MI). Phthalate exposed mice had greater neutrophil and pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration, greater cardiac dilation and reduced cardiac function when compared with control mice. The greater expression of NLRP3 and NLRP6, but not AIM2 or P2xR7, in the infarcts of phthalate exposed versus control mice suggests a selectivity in pattern recognition receptor activation. Treatment of human THP-1 macrophages with phthalates revealed increased NLRP3 and NLRP6 expression and induction of a pro-inflammatory macrophage population. Pre-treatment with the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 reduced these increases. An increase in expression of IL-1R, MyD88 and IRAK4 in infarcts of phthalate exposed mice and THP-1 cells argues for greater priming downstream of IL-1R signaling and increased susceptibility for inflammasome activation. Importantly, these effects were moderated in vivo when phthalate exposure was reduced by 90% and when the NLRP3 antagonist MCC950 was co-administered. Our study suggests that reductions in phthalate exposure, which might be realized using plasticizers with a reduced ability to leach out from plastic, or short-term treatment with an anti-inflammasome may improve healing post-surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Schwendt
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Joey-Bahige Chammas
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Lorraine E Chalifour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, 3755 chemin Cote Ste Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, 850 Sherbrooke Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A2, Canada.
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47
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Aldarondo D, Wayne E. Monocytes as a convergent nanoparticle therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114116. [PMID: 35085623 PMCID: PMC9359644 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing population of individuals with cardiovascular diseases and related comorbidities, there is an increasing need for development of synergistic therapeutics. Monocytes are implicated in a broad spectrum of diseases and can serve as a focal point for therapeutic targeting. This review discusses the role of monocytes in cardiovascular diseases and highlights trends in monocyte targets nanoparticles in three cardiovascular-related diseases: Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and HIV. Finally, the review offers perspectives on how to develop nanoparticle monocyte targeting strategies that can be beneficial for treating co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasia Aldarondo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wayne
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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48
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The Immune-Centric Revolution in the Diabetic Foot: Monocytes and Lymphocytes Role in Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration-A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030889. [PMID: 35160339 PMCID: PMC8836882 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and lymphocytes play a key role in physiologic wound healing and might be involved in the impaired mechanisms observed in diabetes. Skin wound macrophages are represented by tissue resident macrophages and infiltrating peripheral blood recruited monocytes which play a leading role during the inflammatory phase of wound repair. The impaired transition of diabetic wound macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 phenotypes to anti-inflammatory pro-regenerative M2 phenotypes might represent a key issue for impaired diabetic wound healing. This review will focus on the role of immune system cells in normal skin and diabetic wound repair. Furthermore, it will give an insight into therapy able to immuno-modulate wound healing processes toward to a regenerative anti-inflammatory fashion. Different approaches, such as cell therapy, exosome, and dermal substitute able to promote the M1 to M2 switch and able to positively influence healing processes in chronic wounds will be discussed.
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49
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Duraisamy K, Singh K, Kumar M, Lefranc B, Bonnafé E, Treilhou M, Leprince J, Chow BKC. P17 induces chemotaxis and differentiation of monocytes via MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell-line activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:275-291. [PMID: 34111449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P17, a peptide isolated from Tetramorium bicarinatum ant venom, is known to induce an alternative phenotype of human monocyte-derived macrophages via activation of an unknown G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the mechanism of action and the immunomodulatory effects of P17 mediated through MRGPRX2 (Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2). METHODS To identify the GPCR for P17, we screened 314 GPCRs. Upon identification of MRGPRX2, a battery of in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays along with the receptor mutation studies were performed. In particular, to investigate the immunomodulatory actions, we used β-hexosaminidase release assay, cytokine releases, quantification of mRNA expression, cell migration and differentiation assays, immunohistochemical labeling, hematoxylin and eosin, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS P17 activated MRGPRX2 in a dose-dependent manner in β-arrestin recruitment assay. In LAD2 cells, P17 induced calcium and β-hexosaminidase release. Quercetin- and short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of MRGPRX2 reduced P17-evoked β-hexosaminidase release. In silico and in vitro mutagenesis studies showed that residue Lys8 of P17 formed a cation-π interaction with the Phe172 of MRGPRX2 and [Ala8]P17 lost its activity partially. P17 activated LAD2 cells to recruit THP-1 and human monocytes in Transwell migration assay, whereas MRGPRX2-impaired LAD2 cells cannot. In addition, P17-treated LAD2 cells stimulated differentiation of THP-1 and human monocytes, as indicated by the enhanced expression of macrophage markers cluster of differentiation 11b and TNF-α by quantitative RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining suggested monocyte recruitment in mice ears injected with P17. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide novel structural information regarding the interaction of P17 with MRGPRX2 and intracellular pathways for its immunomodulatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthi Duraisamy
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kailash Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- INSERM U1239, PRIMACEN, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Elsa Bonnafé
- EA7417 BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Michel Treilhou
- EA7417 BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U1239, PRIMACEN, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France.
| | - Billy K C Chow
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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50
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Chan NR, Hwang B, Ratner BD, Bryers JD. Monocytes contribute to a pro-healing response in 40 μm diameter uniform-pore, precision-templated scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:297-310. [PMID: 34964563 DOI: 10.1002/term.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Porous precision-templated scaffolds (PTS) with uniformly distributed 40 μm spherical pores have shown a remarkable ability in immunomodulating resident cells for tissue regeneration. While the pore size mediated pro-healing response observed only in 40 μm pore PTS has been attributed to selective macrophage polarization, monocyte recruitment and phenotype have largely been uncharacterized in regulating implant outcome. Here, we employ a double transgenic mouse model for myeloid characterization and a multifaceted phenotyping approach to quantify monocyte dynamics within subcutaneously implanted PTS. Within 40 μm PTS, myeloid cells were found to preferentially infiltrate into the scaffold. Additionally, macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), an innate activation marker, was significantly upregulated within 40 μm PTS. When 40 μm PTS were implanted in monocyte-depleted mice, the transcription of MARCO was significantly decreased and an increase in pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were observed. Typical of a foreign body response (FBR), 100 μm PTS significantly upregulated pro-inflammatory iNOS, secreted higher amounts of TNFα, and displayed a pore size dependent morphology compared to 40 μm PTS. Overall, these results identify a pore size dependent modulation of circulating monocytes and implicates MARCO expression as a defining subset of monocytes that appears to be responsible for regulating a pro-healing host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Chan
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Billanna Hwang
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Buddy D Ratner
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James D Bryers
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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