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Preedy MK, White MRH, Tergaonkar V. Cellular heterogeneity in TNF/TNFR1 signalling: live cell imaging of cell fate decisions in single cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:202. [PMID: 38467621 PMCID: PMC10928192 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cellular responses to TNF are inherently heterogeneous within an isogenic cell population and across different cell types. TNF promotes cell survival by activating pro-inflammatory NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways but may also trigger apoptosis and necroptosis. Following TNF stimulation, the fate of individual cells is governed by the balance of pro-survival and pro-apoptotic signalling pathways. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving heterogenous responses to TNF, quantifying TNF/TNFR1 signalling at the single-cell level is crucial. Fluorescence live-cell imaging techniques offer real-time, dynamic insights into molecular processes in single cells, allowing for detection of rapid and transient changes, as well as identification of subpopulations, that are likely to be missed with traditional endpoint assays. Whilst fluorescence live-cell imaging has been employed extensively to investigate TNF-induced inflammation and TNF-induced cell death, it has been underutilised in studying the role of TNF/TNFR1 signalling pathway crosstalk in guiding cell-fate decisions in single cells. Here, we outline the various opportunities for pathway crosstalk during TNF/TNFR1 signalling and how these interactions may govern heterogenous responses to TNF. We also advocate for the use of live-cell imaging techniques to elucidate the molecular processes driving cell-to-cell variability in single cells. Understanding and overcoming cellular heterogeneity in response to TNF and modulators of the TNF/TNFR1 signalling pathway could lead to the development of targeted therapies for various diseases associated with aberrant TNF/TNFR1 signalling, such as rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic syndrome, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus K Preedy
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, D3308, Dover Street, Manchester, M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Michael R H White
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, D3308, Dover Street, Manchester, M13 9PT, England, UK.
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 8 Medical Drive, MD7, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
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2
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Kizilirmak C, Monteleone E, García-Manteiga JM, Brambilla F, Agresti A, Bianchi ME, Zambrano S. Small transcriptional differences among cell clones lead to distinct NF-κB dynamics. iScience 2023; 26:108573. [PMID: 38144455 PMCID: PMC10746373 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor dynamics is fundamental to determine the activation of accurate transcriptional programs and yet is heterogeneous at a single-cell level, even within homogeneous populations. We asked how such heterogeneity emerges for the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). We found that clonal populations of immortalized fibroblasts derived from a single mouse embryo display robustly distinct NF-κB dynamics upon tumor necrosis factor ɑ (TNF-ɑ) stimulation including persistent, oscillatory, and weak activation, giving rise to differences in the transcription of its targets. By combining transcriptomics and simulations we show how less than two-fold differences in the expression levels of genes coding for key proteins of the signaling cascade and feedback system are predictive of the differences of the NF-κB dynamic response of the clones to TNF-ɑ and IL-1β. We propose that small transcriptional differences in the regulatory circuit of a transcription factor can lead to distinct signaling dynamics in cells within homogeneous cell populations and among different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cise Kizilirmak
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Monteleone
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Brambilla
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco E. Bianchi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel Zambrano
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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3
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Kizilirmak C, Bianchi ME, Zambrano S. Insights on the NF-κB System Using Live Cell Imaging: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886127. [PMID: 35844496 PMCID: PMC9277462 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor family of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) proteins is widely recognized as a key player in inflammation and the immune responses, where it plays a fundamental role in translating external inflammatory cues into precise transcriptional programs, including the timely expression of a wide variety of cytokines/chemokines. Live cell imaging in single cells showed approximately 15 years ago that the canonical activation of NF-κB upon stimulus is very dynamic, including oscillations of its nuclear localization with a period close to 1.5 hours. This observation has triggered a fruitful interdisciplinary research line that has provided novel insights on the NF-κB system: how its heterogeneous response differs between cell types but also within homogeneous populations; how NF-κB dynamics translate external cues into intracellular signals and how NF-κB dynamics affects gene expression. Here we review the main features of this live cell imaging approach to the study of NF-κB, highlighting the key findings, the existing gaps of knowledge and hinting towards some of the potential future steps of this thriving research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cise Kizilirmak
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco E. Bianchi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel Zambrano
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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4
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GPI-80 Augments NF-κB Activation in Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112027. [PMID: 34769456 PMCID: PMC8584666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have discovered a relationship between glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein 80 (GPI-80)/VNN2 (80 kDa GPI-anchored protein) and malignant tumors. GPI-80 is known to regulate neutrophil adhesion; however, the action of GPI-80 on tumors is still obscure. In this study, although the expression of GPI-80 mRNA was detectable in several tumor cell lines, the levels of GPI-80 protein were significantly lower than that in neutrophils. To clarify the function of GPI-80 in tumor cells, GPI-80-expressing cells and GPI-80/VNN2 gene-deleted cells were established using PC3 prostate cancer cells. In GPI-80-expressing cells, GPI-80 was mainly detected in vesicles. Furthermore, soluble GPI-80 in the conditioned medium was associated with the exosome marker CD63 and was also detected in the plasma obtained from prostate cancer patients. Unexpectedly, cell adhesion and migration of GPI-80-expressing PC3 cells were not modulated by anti-GPI-80 antibody treatment. However, similar to the GPI-80 family molecule, VNN1, the pantetheinase activity and oxidative state were augmented in GPI-80-expressing cells. GPI-80-expressing cells facilitated non-adhesive proliferation, slow cell proliferation, NF-κB activation and IL-1β production. These phenomena are known to be induced by physiological elevation of the oxidative state. Thus, these observations indicated that GPI-80 affects various tumor responses related to oxidation.
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Donzelli J, Proestler E, Riedel A, Nevermann S, Hertel B, Guenther A, Gattenlöhner S, Savai R, Larsson K, Saul MJ. Small extracellular vesicle-derived miR-574-5p regulates PGE2-biosynthesis via TLR7/8 in lung cancer. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12143. [PMID: 34596365 PMCID: PMC8485338 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication plays an essential role in lung cancer (LC). One of the major players in cell-cell-communication is small extracellular vesicles (sEV). SEV trigger various biological responses by transporting cellular cargo to target cells. One essential sEV component are microRNAs (miRs), whose transport has recently attracted increasing research interest. We report that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), a key inflammatory lipid mediator, specifically induces the sorting of miR-574-5p in sEV of A549 and 2106T cells. We found that sEV-derived miR-574-5p activates Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7/8, thereby decreasing PGE2 -levels. In contrast, intracellular miR-574-5p induces PGE2 -biosynthesis. Consequently, the combination of intracellular and sEV-derived miR-574-5p controls PGE2 -levels via a feedback loop. This was only observed in adeno- but not in squamous cell carcinoma, indicating a cell-specific response to sEV-derived miRs, which might be due to unique tetraspanin compositions. Hence, we describe a novel function of miR-574-5p unique to adenocarcinoma. Intracellular miR-574-5p induces PGE2 and thus the secretion of sEV-derived miR-574-5p, which in turn decreases PGE2 -biosynthesis in recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Donzelli
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Eva Proestler
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Anna Riedel
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Sheila Nevermann
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Brigitte Hertel
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Department of Internal MedicineMember of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL)Member of Cardio‐Pulmonary Institute (CPI)Justus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
| | | | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Internal MedicineMember of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL)Member of Cardio‐Pulmonary Institute (CPI)Justus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
- Department of Lung Development and RemodellingMember of the DZLMember of CPIMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
- Lung Microenvironmental Niche in CancerogenesisInstitute for Lung Health (ILH)Justus Liebig UniversityGiessenGermany
| | - Karin Larsson
- Rheumatology UnitDepartment of MedicineKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Meike J. Saul
- Department of BiologyTechnische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
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6
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Murphy JM, Jeong K, Cioffi DL, Campbell PM, Jo H, Ahn EYE, Lim STS. Focal Adhesion Kinase Activity and Localization is Critical for TNF-α-Induced Nuclear Factor-κB Activation. Inflammation 2021; 44:1130-1144. [PMID: 33527321 PMCID: PMC8326009 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
While sustained nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation is critical for proinflammatory molecule expression, regulators of NF-κB activity during chronic inflammation are not known. We investigated the role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) on sustained NF-κB activation in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated endothelial cells (ECs) both in vitro and in vivo. We found that FAK inhibition abolished TNF-α-mediated sustained NF-κB activity in ECs by disrupting formation of TNF-α receptor complex-I (TNFRC-I). Additionally, FAK inhibition diminished recruitment of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) complex to TNFRC-I, resulting in elevated stability of IκBα protein. In mice given TNF-α, pharmacological and genetic FAK inhibition blocked TNF-α-induced IKK-NF-κB activation in aortic ECs. Mechanistically, TNF-α activated and redistributed FAK from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, causing elevated IKK-NF-κB activation. On the other hand, FAK inhibition trapped FAK in the nucleus of ECs even upon TNF-α stimulation, leading to reduced IKK-NF-κB activity. Together, these findings support a potential use for FAK inhibitors in treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 5851 N. USA Drive, Room 2366, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Kyuho Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 5851 N. USA Drive, Room 2366, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Donna L Cioffi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 5851 N. USA Drive, Room 2366, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Pamela Moore Campbell
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Bioengineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Eun-Young Erin Ahn
- Department of Pathology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ssang-Taek Steve Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 5851 N. USA Drive, Room 2366, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
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7
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Mostafizar M, Cortes-Pérez C, Snow W, Djordjevic J, Adlimoghaddam A, Albensi BC. Challenges with Methods for Detecting and Studying the Transcription Factor Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) in the Central Nervous System. Cells 2021; 10:1335. [PMID: 34071243 PMCID: PMC8228352 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is highly expressed in almost all types of cells. NF-κB is involved in many complex biological processes, in particular in immunity. The activation of the NF-κB signaling pathways is also associated with cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders and even memory. Hence, NF-κB is a central factor for understanding not only fundamental biological presence but also pathogenesis, and has been the subject of intense study in these contexts. Under healthy physiological conditions, the NF-κB pathway promotes synapse growth and synaptic plasticity in neurons, while in glia, NF-κB signaling can promote pro-inflammatory responses to injury. In addition, NF-κB promotes the maintenance and maturation of B cells regulating gene expression in a majority of diverse signaling pathways. Given this, the protein plays a predominant role in activating the mammalian immune system, where NF-κB-regulated gene expression targets processes of inflammation and host defense. Thus, an understanding of the methodological issues around its detection for localization, quantification, and mechanistic insights should have a broad interest across the molecular neuroscience community. In this review, we summarize the available methods for the proper detection and analysis of NF-κB among various brain tissues, cell types, and subcellular compartments, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. We also summarize the flexibility and performance of these experimental methods for the detection of the protein, accurate quantification in different samples, and the experimental challenges in this regard, as well as suggestions to overcome common challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mostafizar
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Claudia Cortes-Pérez
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Wanda Snow
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Jelena Djordjevic
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Aida Adlimoghaddam
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Benedict C. Albensi
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (M.M.); (C.C.-P.); (W.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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8
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Ihnatovych I, Birkaya B, Notari E, Szigeti K. iPSC-Derived Microglia for Modeling Human-Specific DAMP and PAMP Responses in the Context of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249668. [PMID: 33352944 PMCID: PMC7765962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been the focus for identifying targetable pathways for drug development. The role of amyloid beta (Aβ), a prototype of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), has been implicated in triggering an inflammatory response. As alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) binds Aβ with high affinity, α7 nAChR may play a role in Aβ-induced neuroinflammation. The conundrum of how α7 nAChR as the mediator of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory response may trigger an inflammatory response has not been resolved. CHRFAM7A, the uniquely human fusion gene between ULK4 and CHRNA7, is a negative regulator of α7 nAChR ionotropic function. To provide the human context, isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were developed from CHRFAM7A null and carrier individuals by genome-editing the null line using TALENs to knock-in CHRFAM7A. In iPSC-derived microglia-like cells, CHRFAM7A mitigated Aβ uptake through the α7 nAChR. Despite the lower Aβ uptake, the presence of CHRFAM7A was associated with an innate immune response that was characterized by NF-κB activation and NF-κB target transcription (TNFA, IL6, and IL1B). LPS, a prototype PAMP, induced a heightened immune response in CHRFAM7A carriers. CHRFAM7A modified the dynamics of NF-κB translocation by prolonging its nuclear presence. CHRFAM7A modified the α7 nAChR metabotropic function, resulting in a human-specific innate immune response. This iPSC model provided an opportunity to elucidate the mechanism and establish high throughput screens.
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9
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Zambrano S, Loffreda A, Carelli E, Stefanelli G, Colombo F, Bertrand E, Tacchetti C, Agresti A, Bianchi ME, Molina N, Mazza D. First Responders Shape a Prompt and Sharp NF-κB-Mediated Transcriptional Response to TNF-α. iScience 2020; 23:101529. [PMID: 33083759 PMCID: PMC7509218 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor (NF)-κB controls the transcriptional response to inflammatory signals by translocating into the nucleus, but we lack a single-cell characterization of the resulting transcription dynamics. Here we show that upon tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α transcription of NF-κB target genes is heterogeneous in individual cells but results in an average nascent transcription profile that is prompt (i.e., occurs almost immediately) and sharp (i.e., increases and decreases rapidly) compared with NF-κB nuclear localization. Using an NF-κB-controlled MS2 reporter we show that the single-cell nascent transcription is more heterogeneous than NF-κB translocation dynamics, with a fraction of synchronized “first responders” that shape the average transcriptional profile and are more prone to respond to multiple TNF-α stimulations. A mathematical model combining NF-κB-mediated gene activation and a gene refractory state is able to reproduce these features. Our work shows how the expression of target genes induced by transcriptional activators can be heterogeneous across single cells and yet time resolved on average. Nascent transcription upon TNF-α is heterogeneous, with a subset of “first responders” The average nascent transcription is prompt and sharper than NF-κB response First responders do not depend on NF-κB dynamics and respond more to pulsed stimuli A model including NF-κB and a gene refractory state reproduces these observations
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Zambrano
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.,Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessia Loffreda
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Elena Carelli
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giacomo Stefanelli
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Federica Colombo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy.,Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Edouard Bertrand
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.,Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.,Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Nacho Molina
- Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire Cellulaire, Illkirch-Graffenstaden 67404, France
| | - Davide Mazza
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
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10
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Controlling Nuclear NF-κB Dynamics by β-TrCP-Insights from a Computational Model. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7020040. [PMID: 31137887 PMCID: PMC6631534 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway regulates central processes in mammalian cells and plays a fundamental role in the regulation of inflammation and immunity. Aberrant regulation of the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB is associated with severe diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis. In the canonical pathway, the inhibitor IκB suppresses NF-κB’s transcriptional activity. NF-κB becomes active upon the degradation of IκB, a process that is, in turn, regulated by the β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP). β-TrCP has therefore been proposed as a promising pharmacological target in the development of novel therapeutic approaches to control NF-κB’s activity in diseases. This study explores the extent to which β-TrCP affects the dynamics of nuclear NF-κB using a computational model of canonical NF-κB signaling. The analysis predicts that β-TrCP influences the steady-state concentration of nuclear NF-κB, as well as changes characteristic dynamic properties of nuclear NF-κB, such as fold-change and the duration of its response to pathway stimulation. The results suggest that the modulation of β-TrCP has a high potential to regulate the transcriptional activity of NF-κB.
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11
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Dorrington MG, Fraser IDC. NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages: Dynamics, Crosstalk, and Signal Integration. Front Immunol 2019; 10:705. [PMID: 31024544 PMCID: PMC6465568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 427] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is one of the best understood immune-related pathways thanks to almost four decades of intense research. NF-κB signaling is activated by numerous discrete stimuli and is a master regulator of the inflammatory response to pathogens and cancerous cells, as well as a key regulator of autoimmune diseases. In this regard, the role of NF-κB signaling in immunity is not unlike that of the macrophage. The dynamics by which NF-κB proteins shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus to initiate transcription have been studied rigorously in fibroblasts and other non-hematopoietic cells, but many questions remain as to how current models of NF-κB signaling and dynamics can be translated to innate immune cells such as macrophages. In this review, we will present recent research on the dynamics of NF-κB signaling and focus especially on how these dynamics vary in different cell types, while discussing why these characteristics may be important. We will end by looking ahead to how new techniques and technologies should allow us to analyze these signaling processes with greater clarity, bringing us closer to a more complete understanding of inflammatory transcription factor dynamics and how different cellular contexts might allow for appropriate control of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Dorrington
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, DIR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Iain D C Fraser
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, DIR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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12
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Disturbed flow induces a sustained, stochastic NF-κB activation which may support intracranial aneurysm growth in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4738. [PMID: 30894565 PMCID: PMC6426999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms are associated with disturbed velocity patterns, and chronic inflammation, but the relevance for these findings are currently unknown. Here, we show that (disturbed) shear stress induced by vortices is a sufficient condition to activate the endothelial NF-kB pathway, possibly through a mechanism of mechanosensor de-activation. We provide evidence for this statement through in-vitro live cell imaging of NF-kB in HUVECs exposed to different flow conditions, stochastic modelling of flow induced NF-kB activation and induction of disturbed flow in mouse carotid arteries. Finally, CFD and immunofluorescence on human intracranial aneurysms showed a correlation similar to the mouse vessels, suggesting that disturbed shear stress may lead to sustained NF-kB activation thereby offering an explanation for the close association between disturbed flow and intracranial aneurysms.
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13
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Elevated pre-activation basal level of nuclear NF-κB in native macrophages accelerates LPS-induced translocation of cytosolic NF-κB into the cell nucleus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4563. [PMID: 30872589 PMCID: PMC6418260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in macrophages constitutes an essential part of the innate immune response to bacterial infections. Detailed and quantified descriptions of TLR4 signal transduction would help to understand and exploit the first-line response of innate immune defense. To date, most mathematical modelling studies were performed on transformed cell lines. However, properties of primary macrophages differ significantly. We therefore studied TLR4-dependent activation of NF-κB transcription factor in bone marrow-derived and peritoneal primary macrophages. We demonstrate that the kinetics of NF-κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation induced by a wide range of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations in primary macrophages is much faster than previously reported for macrophage cell lines. We used a comprehensive combination of experiments and mathematical modeling to understand the mechanisms of this rapid response. We found that elevated basal NF-κB in the nuclei of primary macrophages is a mechanism increasing native macrophage sensitivity and response speed to the infection. Such pre-activated state of macrophages accelerates the NF-κB translocation kinetics in response to low agonist concentrations. These findings enabled us to refine and construct a new model combining both NF-κB phosphorylation and translocation processes and predict the existence of a negative feedback loop inactivating phosphorylated NF-κB.
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14
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Sumit M, Jovic A, Neubig RR, Takayama S, Linderman JJ. A Two-Pulse Cellular Stimulation Test Elucidates Variability and Mechanisms in Signaling Pathways. Biophys J 2019; 116:962-973. [PMID: 30782397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells respond in a variable manner when provided with physiological pulses of ligand, such as low concentrations of acetylcholine present for just tens of seconds or TNFα for just tens of minutes. For a two-pulse stimulation, some cells respond to both pulses, some do not respond, and yet others respond to only one or the other pulse. Are these different response patterns the result of the small number of ligands being able to only stochastically activate the pathway at random times or an output pattern from a deterministic algorithm responding differently to different stimulation intervals? If the response is deterministic in nature, what parameters determine whether a response is generated or skipped? To answer these questions, we developed a two-pulse test that utilizes different rest periods between stimulation pulses. This "rest-period test" revealed that cells skip responses predictably as the rest period is shortened. By combining these experimental results with a mathematical model of the pathway, we further obtained mechanistic insight into potential sources of response variability. Our analysis indicates that in both intracellular calcium and NFκB signaling, response variability is consistent with extrinsic noise (cell-to-cell variability in protein levels), a short-term memory of stimulation, and high Hill coefficient processes. Furthermore, these results support recent works that have emphasized the role of deterministic processes for explaining apparently stochastic cellular response variability and indicate that even weak stimulations likely guide mammalian cells to appropriate fates rather than leaving outcomes to chance. We envision that the rest-period test can be applied to other signaling pathways to extract mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuresh Sumit
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andreja Jovic
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard R Neubig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Jennifer J Linderman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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15
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Hobbs S, Reynoso M, Geddis AV, Mitrophanov AY, Matheny RW. LPS-stimulated NF-κB p65 dynamic response marks the initiation of TNF expression and transition to IL-10 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13914. [PMID: 30426723 PMCID: PMC6234144 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During injury and infection, inflammation is a response by macrophages to effect healing and repair. The kinetics of the responses of proinflammatory TNFα, anti-inflammatory IL-10, and inflammatory master regulator NF-κB elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may be critical determinants of the inflammatory response by macrophages; however, there is a lack of homogeneous kinetic data in this pathway. To address this gap, we used the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line to define intracellular signaling kinetics and cytokine expression in cells treated with LPS for 15 min to 72 h. The abundance of IκBα was maximally reduced 45-min following LPS treatment, but expression increased at 10-h, reaching a maximum at 16 h. NF-κB phosphorylation was significantly increased 45-min following LPS treatment, maximal at 2-h, and decreased to basal levels by 6-h. Nuclear NF-κB expression was elevated 30-min following LPS treatment, maximal by 45-min, and returned to basal levels by 24-h. Binding of nuclear NF-κB to consensus oligonucleotide sequences followed a similar pattern to that observed for p-NF-κB, but lasted slightly longer. Following LPS treatment, TNFα mRNA expression began at 1-h, was maximal at 6-h, and decreased starting at 10-h. TNFα protein secretion in conditioned growth medium began at 4-h and was maximal by 16-h. IL-10 mRNA expression was induced by LPS at 10-h, and was maximal at 16-h. IL-10 protein secretion was induced at 16-h and was maximal at 24-h. Our data reveal the temporal kinetics of pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling events that may be important therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Hobbs
- Military Performance Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Marinaliz Reynoso
- Military Performance Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Alyssa V. Geddis
- Military Performance Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Alexander Y. Mitrophanov
- DoD Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications InstituteTelemedicine and Advanced Technology Research CenterU.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel CommandFt. DetrickMaryland
| | - Ronald W. Matheny
- Military Performance Division U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
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16
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Colombo F, Zambrano S, Agresti A. NF-κB, the Importance of Being Dynamic: Role and Insights in Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020045. [PMID: 29673148 PMCID: PMC6027537 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we aim at describing the results obtained in the past years on dynamics features defining NF-κB regulatory functions, as we believe that these developments might have a transformative effect on the way in which NF-κB involvement in cancer is studied. We will also describe technical aspects of the studies performed in this context, including the use of different cellular models, culture conditions, microscopy approaches and quantification of the imaging data, balancing their strengths and limitations and pointing out to common features and to some open questions. Our emphasis in the methodology will allow a critical overview of literature and will show how these cutting-edge approaches can contribute to shed light on the involvement of NF-κB deregulation in tumour onset and progression. We hypothesize that this “dynamic point of view” can be fruitfully applied to untangle the complex relationship between NF-κB and cancer and to find new targets to restrain cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Colombo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Samuel Zambrano
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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17
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Zhang ZB, Wang QY, Ke YX, Liu SY, Ju JQ, Lim WA, Tang C, Wei P. Design of Tunable Oscillatory Dynamics in a Synthetic NF-κB Signaling Circuit. Cell Syst 2017; 5:460-470.e5. [PMID: 29102361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although oscillatory circuits are prevalent in transcriptional regulation, it is unclear how a circuit's structure and the specific parameters that describe its components determine the shape of its oscillations. Here, we engineer a minimal, inducible human nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-based system that is composed of NF-κB (RelA) and degradable inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα), into the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We define an oscillation's waveform quantitatively as a function of signal amplitude, rest time, rise time, and decay time; by systematically tuning RelA concentration, the strength of negative feedback, and the degradation rate of IκBα, we demonstrate that peak shape and frequency of oscillations can be controlled in vivo and predicted mathematically. In addition, we show that nested negative feedback loops can be employed to specifically tune the frequency of oscillations while leaving their peak shape unchanged. In total, this work establishes design principles that enable function-guided design of oscillatory signaling controllers in diverse synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Zhang
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Wang
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu-Xi Ke
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian-Qi Ju
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wendell A Lim
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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18
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Sakai J, Cammarota E, Wright JA, Cicuta P, Gottschalk RA, Li N, Fraser IDC, Bryant CE. Lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation is primarily dependent on MyD88, but TNFα expression requires TRIF and MyD88. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1428. [PMID: 28469251 PMCID: PMC5431130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
TLR4 signalling through the MyD88 and TRIF-dependent pathways initiates translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB into the nucleus. In cell population studies using mathematical modeling and functional analyses, Cheng et al. suggested that LPS-driven activation of MyD88, in the absence of TRIF, impairs NF-κB translocation. We tested the model proposed by Cheng et al. using real-time single cell analysis in macrophages expressing EGFP-tagged p65 and a TNFα promoter-driven mCherry. Following LPS stimulation, cells lacking TRIF show a pattern of NF-κB dynamics that is unaltered from wild-type cells, but activation of the TNFα promoter is impaired. In macrophages lacking MyD88, there is minimal NF-κB translocation to the nucleus in response to LPS stimulation, and there is no activation of the TNFα promoter. These findings confirm that signalling through MyD88 is the primary driver for LPS-dependent NF-κB translocation to the nucleus. The pattern of NF-κB dynamics in TRIF-deficient cells does not, however, directly reflect the kinetics of TNFα promoter activation, supporting the concept that TRIF-dependent signalling plays an important role in the transcription of this cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Sakai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
| | - Eugenia Cammarota
- Sector of Biological and Soft Systems, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - John A Wright
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Cicuta
- Sector of Biological and Soft Systems, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A Gottschalk
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Heath, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Heath, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Iain D C Fraser
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Heath, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom.
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19
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Ramos-Marquès E, Zambrano S, Tiérrez A, Bianchi ME, Agresti A, García-Del Portillo F. Single-cell analyses reveal an attenuated NF-κB response in the Salmonella-infected fibroblast. Virulence 2016; 8:719-740. [PMID: 27575017 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1229727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic transcriptional regulator Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) plays a central role in the defense to pathogens. Despite this, few studies have analyzed NF-κB activity in single cells during infection. Here, we investigated at the single cell level how NF-κB nuclear localization - a proxy for NF-κB activity - oscillates in infected and uninfected fibroblasts co-existing in cultures exposed to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Fibroblasts were used due to the capacity of S. Typhimurium to persist in this cell type. Real-time dynamics of NF-κB was examined in microfluidics, which prevents cytokine accumulation. In this condition, infected (ST+) cells translocate NF-κB to the nucleus at higher rate than the uninfected (ST-) cells. Surprisingly, in non-flow (static) culture conditions, ST- fibroblasts exhibited higher NF-κB nuclear translocation than the ST+ population, with these latter cells turning refractory to external stimuli such as TNF-α or a second infection. Sorting of ST+ and ST- cell populations confirmed enhanced expression of NF-κB target genes such as IL1B, NFKBIA, TNFAIP3, and TRAF1 in uninfected (ST-) fibroblasts. These observations proved that S. Typhimurium dampens the NF-κB response in the infected fibroblast. Higher expression of SOCS3, encoding a "suppressor of cytokine signaling," was also observed in the ST+ population. Intracellular S. Typhimurium subverts NF-κB activity using protein effectors translocated by the secretion systems encoded by pathogenicity islands 1 (T1) and 2 (T2). T1 is required for regulating expression of SOCS3 and all NF-κB target genes analyzed whereas T2 displayed no role in the control of SOCS3 and IL1B expression. Collectively, these data demonstrate that S. Typhimurium attenuates NF-κB signaling in fibroblasts, an effect only perceptible when ST+ and ST- populations are analyzed separately. This tune-down in a central host defense might be instrumental for S. Typhimurium to establish intracellular persistent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estel Ramos-Marquès
- a Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Alberto Tiérrez
- a Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- c Genetics and Cell Biology Division , San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- c Genetics and Cell Biology Division , San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - Francisco García-Del Portillo
- a Laboratory of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
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20
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Adamson A, Boddington C, Downton P, Rowe W, Bagnall J, Lam C, Maya-Mendoza A, Schmidt L, Harper CV, Spiller DG, Rand DA, Jackson DA, White MRH, Paszek P. Signal transduction controls heterogeneous NF-κB dynamics and target gene expression through cytokine-specific refractory states. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12057. [PMID: 27381163 PMCID: PMC4935804 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells respond dynamically to pulsatile cytokine stimulation. Here we report that single, or well-spaced pulses of TNFα (>100 min apart) give a high probability of NF-κB activation. However, fewer cells respond to shorter pulse intervals (<100 min) suggesting a heterogeneous refractory state. This refractory state is established in the signal transduction network downstream of TNFR and upstream of IKK, and depends on the level of the NF-κB system negative feedback protein A20. If a second pulse within the refractory phase is IL-1β instead of TNFα, all of the cells respond. This suggests a mechanism by which two cytokines can synergistically activate an inflammatory response. Gene expression analyses show strong correlation between the cellular dynamic response and NF-κB-dependent target gene activation. These data suggest that refractory states in the NF-κB system constitute an inherent design motif of the inflammatory response and we suggest that this may avoid harmful homogenous cellular activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Adamson
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christopher Boddington
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Polly Downton
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - William Rowe
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - James Bagnall
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Connie Lam
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Apolinar Maya-Mendoza
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lorraine Schmidt
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claire V. Harper
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David G. Spiller
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David A. Rand
- Warwick Systems Biology and Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dean A. Jackson
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael R. H. White
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pawel Paszek
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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21
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Ankers JM, Awais R, Jones NA, Boyd J, Ryan S, Adamson AD, Harper CV, Bridge L, Spiller DG, Jackson DA, Paszek P, Sée V, White MR. Dynamic NF-κB and E2F interactions control the priority and timing of inflammatory signalling and cell proliferation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27185527 PMCID: PMC4869934 DOI: 10.7554/elife.10473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic cellular systems reprogram gene expression to ensure appropriate cellular fate responses to specific extracellular cues. Here we demonstrate that the dynamics of Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling and the cell cycle are prioritised differently depending on the timing of an inflammatory signal. Using iterative experimental and computational analyses, we show physical and functional interactions between NF-κB and the E2 Factor 1 (E2F-1) and E2 Factor 4 (E2F-4) cell cycle regulators. These interactions modulate the NF-κB response. In S-phase, the NF-κB response was delayed or repressed, while cell cycle progression was unimpeded. By contrast, activation of NF-κB at the G1/S boundary resulted in a longer cell cycle and more synchronous initial NF-κB responses between cells. These data identify new mechanisms by which the cellular response to stress is differentially controlled at different stages of the cell cycle. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10473.001 Investigating how cells adapt to the constantly changing environment inside the body is vitally important for understanding how the body responds to an injury or infection. One of the ways in which human cells adapt is by dividing to produce new cells. This takes place in a repeating pattern of events, known as the cell cycle, through which a cell copies its DNA (in a stage known as S-phase) and then divides to make two daughter cells. Each stage of the cell cycle is tightly controlled; for example, a family of proteins called E2 factors control the entry of the cell into S phase. “Inflammatory” signals produced by a wound or during an infection can activate a protein called Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB), which controls the activity of genes that allow cells to adapt to the situation. Research shows that the activity of NF-κB is also regulated by the cell cycle, but it has not been clear how this works. Here, Ankers et al. investigated whether the stage of the cell cycle might affect how NF-κB responds to inflammatory signals. The experiments show that the NF-κB response was stronger in cells that were just about to enter S-phase than in cells that were already copying their DNA. An E2 factor called E2F-1 –which accumulates in the run up to S-phase – interacts with NF-κB and can alter the activity of certain genes. However, during S-phase, another E2 factor family member called E2F-4 binds to NF-κB and represses its activation. Next, Ankers et al. used a mathematical model to understand how these protein interactions can affect the response of cells to inflammatory signals. These findings suggest that direct interactions between E2 factor proteins and NF-κB enable cells to decide whether to divide or react in different ways to inflammatory signals. The research tools developed in this study, combined with other new experimental techniques, will allow researchers to accurately predict how cells will respond to inflammatory signals at different points in the cell cycle. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10473.002
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Ankers
- Centre for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Raheela Awais
- Centre for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A Jones
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James Boyd
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Ryan
- Centre for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Antony D Adamson
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire V Harper
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lloyd Bridge
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Mathematics, University of Swansea, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - David G Spiller
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dean A Jackson
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Paszek
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Violaine Sée
- Centre for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Rh White
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
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22
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Sero JE, Sailem HZ, Ardy RC, Almuttaqi H, Zhang T, Bakal C. Cell shape and the microenvironment regulate nuclear translocation of NF-κB in breast epithelial and tumor cells. Mol Syst Biol 2016; 11:790. [PMID: 26148352 PMCID: PMC4380925 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20145644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a great deal is known about the signaling events that promote nuclear translocation of NF-κB, how cellular biophysics and the microenvironment might regulate the dynamics of this pathway is poorly understood. In this study, we used high-content image analysis and Bayesian network modeling to ask whether cell shape and context features influence NF-κB activation using the inherent variability present in unperturbed populations of breast tumor and non-tumor cell lines. Cell–cell contact, cell and nuclear area, and protrusiveness all contributed to variability in NF-κB localization in the absence and presence of TNFα. Higher levels of nuclear NF-κB were associated with mesenchymal-like versus epithelial-like morphologies, and RhoA-ROCK-myosin II signaling was critical for mediating shape-based differences in NF-κB localization and oscillations. Thus, mechanical factors such as cell shape and the microenvironment can influence NF-κB signaling and may in part explain how different phenotypic outcomes can arise from the same chemical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Sero
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon, UK
- * Corresponding author. Tel: +44 207 153 5170; E-mail:
| | - Heba Zuhair Sailem
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon, UK
| | - Rico Chandra Ardy
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon, UK
| | - Hannah Almuttaqi
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon, UK
| | - Tongli Zhang
- Oxford Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of OxfordOxford, UK
| | - Chris Bakal
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer ResearchLondon, UK
- ** Corresponding author. Tel: +44 207 153 5080; E-mail:
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Zambrano S, De Toma I, Piffer A, Bianchi ME, Agresti A. NF-κB oscillations translate into functionally related patterns of gene expression. eLife 2016; 5:e09100. [PMID: 26765569 PMCID: PMC4798970 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several transcription factors (TFs) oscillate, periodically relocating between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. NF-κB, which plays key roles in inflammation and cancer, displays oscillations whose biological advantage remains unclear. Recent work indicated that NF-κB displays sustained oscillations that can be entrained, that is, reach a persistent synchronized state through small periodic perturbations. We show here that for our GFP-p65 knock-in cells NF-κB behaves as a damped oscillator able to synchronize to a variety of periodic external perturbations with no memory. We imposed synchronous dynamics to prove that transcription of NF-κB-controlled genes also oscillates, but mature transcript levels follow three distinct patterns. Two sets of transcripts accumulate fast or slowly, respectively. Another set, comprising chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNAs, oscillates and resets at each new stimulus, with no memory of the past. We propose that TF oscillatory dynamics is a means of segmenting time to provide renewing opportunity windows for decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Zambrano
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco E Bianchi
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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24
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Nilakantan H, Kuttippurathu L, Parrish A, Hoek JB, Vadigepalli R. In Vivo Zonal Variation and Liver Cell-Type Specific NF-κB Localization after Chronic Adaptation to Ethanol and following Partial Hepatectomy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140236. [PMID: 26452159 PMCID: PMC4599916 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a major inflammatory response mediator in the liver, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury. We investigated zonal as well as liver cell type-specific distribution of NF-κB activation across the liver acinus following adaptation to chronic ethanol intake and 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx). We employed immunofluorescence staining, digital image analysis and statistical distributional analysis to quantify subcellular localization of NF-κB in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We detected significant spatial heterogeneity of NF-κB expression and cellular localization between cytoplasm and nucleus across liver tissue. Our main aims involved investigating the zonal bias in NF-κB localization and determining to what extent chronic ethanol intake affects this zonal bias with in hepatocytes at baseline and post-PHx. Hepatocytes in the periportal area showed higher NF-κB expression than in the pericentral region in the carbohydrate-fed controls, but not in the ethanol group. However, the distribution of NF-κB nuclear localization in hepatocytes was shifted towards higher levels in pericentral region than in periportal area, across all treatment conditions. Chronic ethanol intake shifted the NF-κB distribution towards higher nuclear fraction in hepatocytes as compared to the pair-fed control group. Ethanol also stimulated higher NF-κB expression in a subpopulation of HSCs. In the control group, PHx elicited a shift towards higher NF-κB nuclear fraction in hepatocytes. However, this distribution remained unchanged in the ethanol group post-PHx. HSCs showed a lower NF-κB expression following PHx in both ethanol and control groups. We conclude that adaptation to chronic ethanol intake attenuates the liver zonal variation in NF-κB expression and limits the PHx-induced NF-κB activation in hepatocytes, but does not alter the NF-κB expression changes in HSCs in response to PHx. Our findings provide new insights as to how ethanol treatment may affect cell-type specific processes regulated by NF-κB activation in liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Nilakantan
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi Kuttippurathu
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Austin Parrish
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Research, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Zambrano S, Bianchi ME, Agresti A, Molina N. Interplay between stochasticity and negative feedback leads to pulsed dynamics and distinct gene activity patterns. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:022711. [PMID: 26382436 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.022711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression is an inherently stochastic process that depends on the structure of the biochemical regulatory network in which the gene is embedded. Here we study the dynamical consequences of the interplay between stochastic gene switching and the widespread negative feedback regulatory loop in a simple model of a biochemical regulatory network. Using a simplified hybrid simulation approach, in which only the gene activation is modeled stochastically, we find that stochasticity in gene switching by itself can induce pulses in the system, providing also analytical insights into their origin. Furthermore, we find that this simple network is able to reproduce both exponential and peaked distributions of gene active and inactive times similar to those that have been observed experimentally. This simplified hybrid simulation approach also allows us to link these patterns to the dynamics of the system for each gene state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Zambrano
- San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy and Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nacho Molina
- SynthSys Centre, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, EH9 3JD Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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26
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Webb JT, Behar M. Topology, dynamics, and heterogeneity in immune signaling. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 7:285-300. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Taylor Webb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX USA
| | - Marcelo Behar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin TX USA
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27
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Babini G, Morini J, Baiocco G, Mariotti L, Ottolenghi A. In vitro γ-ray-induced inflammatory response is dominated by culturing conditions rather than radiation exposures. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9343. [PMID: 25791775 PMCID: PMC4366819 DOI: 10.1038/srep09343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory pathway has a pivotal role in regulating the fate and functions of cells after a wide range of stimuli, including ionizing radiation. However, the molecular mechanisms governing such responses have not been completely elucidated yet. In particular, the complex activation dynamics of the Nuclear transcription Factor kB (NF-kB), the key molecule governing the inflammatory pathway, still lacks a complete characterization. In this work we focused on the activation dynamics of the NF-kB (subunit p65) pathway following different stimuli. Quantitative measurements of NF-kB were performed and results interpreted within a systems theory approach, based on the negative feedback loop feature of this pathway. Time-series data of nuclear NF-kB concentration showed no evidence of γ-ray induced activation of the pathway for doses up to 5Gy but highlighted important transient effects of common environmental stress (e.g. CO2, temperature) and laboratory procedures, e.g. replacing the culture medium, which dominate the in vitro inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Babini
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy [2] INFN, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - J Morini
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy [2] INFN, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy [3] Department of Molecular Medicine, Biology and Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Baiocco
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy [2] INFN, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - L Mariotti
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy [2] INFN, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Ottolenghi
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy [2] INFN, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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28
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Paszek P. From measuring noise toward integrated single-cell biology. Front Genet 2014; 5:408. [PMID: 25477903 PMCID: PMC4237129 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Paszek
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester Manchester, UK
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29
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30
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Schrems A, Phillips J, Casey D, Wylie D, Novakova M, Sleytr UB, Klug D, Neil MAA, Schuster B, Ces O. The grab-and-drop protocol: a novel strategy for membrane protein isolation and reconstitution from single cells. Analyst 2014; 139:3296-304. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Samples of cell membrane were non-destructively removed from individual, live cells using optically trapped beads, and deposited into a supported lipid bilayer mounted on an S-layer protein-coated substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Schrems
- Department of Nanobiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna, 1190 Austria
| | - John Phillips
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Duncan Casey
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Douglas Wylie
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Mira Novakova
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Uwe B. Sleytr
- Department of Nanobiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna, 1190 Austria
| | - David Klug
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Mark A. A. Neil
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Department of Nanobiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna, 1190 Austria
| | - Oscar Ces
- The Proxomics Group
- Institute of Chemical Biology
- Imperial College London
- London, SW7 2AZ UK
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