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Nieto-Lugilde M, Nieto-Lugilde D, Piatkowski B, Duffy AM, Robinson SC, Aguero B, Schuette S, Wilkens R, Yavitt J, Shaw AJ. Ecological differentiation and sympatry of cryptic species in the Sphagnum magellanicum complex (Bryophyta). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2024:e16401. [PMID: 39267427 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Sphagnum magellanicum (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) has been considered to be a single semi-cosmopolitan species, but recent molecular analyses have shown that it comprises a complex of at least seven reciprocally monophyletic groups, that are difficult or impossible to distinguish morphologically. METHODS Newly developed barcode markers and RADseq analyses were used to identify species among 808 samples from 119 sites. Molecular approaches were used to assess the geographic ranges of four North American species, the frequency at which they occur sympatrically, and ecological differentiation among them. Microhabitats were classified with regard to hydrology and shade. Hierarchical modelling of species communities was used to assess climate variation among the species. Climate niches were projected back to 22,000 years BP to assess the likelihood that the North American species had sympatric ranges during the late Pleistocene. RESULTS The species exhibited parallel morphological variation, making them extremely difficult to distinguish phenotypically. Two to three species frequently co-occurred within peatlands. They had broadly overlapping microhabitat and climate niches. Barcode- versus RADseq-based identifications were in conflict for 6% of the samples and always involved S. diabolicum vs. S. magniae. CONCLUSIONS These species co-occur within peatlands at scales that could permit interbreeding, yet they remain largely distinct genetically and phylogenetically. The four cryptic species exhibited distinct geographic and ecological patterns. Conflicting identifications from barcode vs. RADseq analyses for S. diabolicum versus S. magniae could reflect incomplete speciation or hybridization. They comprise a valuable study system for additional work on climate adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nieto-Lugilde
- Department of Biology and L. E. Anderson Bryophyte Herbarium, Duke University, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
| | - Diego Nieto-Lugilde
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Bryan Piatkowski
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37830, TN, USA
| | - Aaron M Duffy
- Department of Biology and L. E. Anderson Bryophyte Herbarium, Duke University, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
| | - Sean C Robinson
- Department of Biology, SUNY Oneonta, Oneonta, 13820, NY, USA
| | - Blanka Aguero
- Department of Biology and L. E. Anderson Bryophyte Herbarium, Duke University, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
| | - Scott Schuette
- Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program, Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, 15222, PA, USA
| | - Richard Wilkens
- Biological Sciences Department, Salisbury University, Salisbury, 21801, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Yavitt
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, NY, USA
| | - A Jonathan Shaw
- Department of Biology and L. E. Anderson Bryophyte Herbarium, Duke University, Durham, 27708, NC, USA
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Hending D. Cryptic species conservation: a review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 39234845 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Cryptic species are groups of two or more taxa that were previously classified as single nominal species. Being almost morphologically indistinguishable, cryptic species have historically been hard to detect. Only through modern morphometric, genetic, and molecular analyses has the hidden biodiversity of cryptic species complexes been revealed. Cryptic diversity is now widely acknowledged, but unlike more recognisable, charismatic species, scientists face additional challenges when studying cryptic taxa and protecting their wild populations. Demographical and ecological data are vital to facilitate and inform successful conservation actions, particularly at the individual species level, yet this information is lacking for many cryptic species due to their recent taxonomic description and lack of research attention. The first part of this article summarises cryptic speciation and diversity, and explores the numerous barriers and considerations that conservation biologists must navigate to detect, study and manage cryptic species populations effectively. The second part of the article seeks to address how we can overcome the challenges associated with efficiently and non-invasively detecting cryptic species in-situ, and filling vital knowledge gaps that are currently inhibiting applied conservation. The final section discusses future directions, and suggests that large-scale, holistic, and collaborative approaches that build upon successful existing applications will be vital for cryptic species conservation. This article also acknowledges that sufficient data to implement effective species-specific conservation will be difficult to attain for many cryptic animals, and protected area networks will be vital for their conservation in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hending
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
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Gregorio Martínez J, David Rangel-Medrano J, Johanna Yepes-Acevedo A, Restrepo-Escobar N, Judith Márquez E. Species limits and introgression in Pimelodus from the Magdalena-Cauca River basin. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 173:107517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chaplin K, Sumner J, Hipsley CA, Melville J. An Integrative Approach Using Phylogenomics and High-Resolution X-Ray Computed Tomography for Species Delimitation in Cryptic Taxa. Syst Biol 2020; 69:294-307. [PMID: 31372642 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphologically cryptic taxa have proved to be a long-standing challenge for taxonomists. Lineages that show strong genomic structuring across the landscape but are phenotypically similar pose a conundrum, with traditional morphological analyses of these cryptic lineages struggling to keep up with species delimitation advances. Micro X-ray computed tomography (CT) combined with geometric morphometric analyses provides a promising avenue for identification of morphologically cryptic taxa, given its ability to detect subtle differences in anatomical structures. However, this approach has yet to be used in combination with genomic data in a comparative analytical framework to distinguish cryptic taxa. We present an integrative approach incorporating genomic and geometric morphometric evidence to assess the species delimitation of grassland earless dragons (Tympanocryptis spp.) in north-eastern Australia. Using mitochondrial and nuclear genes (ND2 and RAG1, respectively), along with $>$8500 SNPs (nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms), we assess the evolutionary independence of target lineages and several closely related species. We then integrate phylogenomic data with osteological cranial variation between lineages using landmark-based analyses of three-dimensional CT models. High levels of genomic differentiation between the three target lineages were uncovered, also supported by significant osteological differences. By incorporating multiple lines of evidence, we provide strong support for three undescribed cryptic lineages of Tympanocryptis in north-eastern Australia that warrant taxonomic review. Our approach demonstrates the successful application of CT with integrative taxonomic approaches for cryptic species delimitation, which is broadly applicable across vertebrates containing morphologically similar yet genetically distinct lineages. Additionally, we provide a review of recent integrative taxonomic approaches for cryptic species delimitation and an assessment of how our approach can value-add to taxonomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirilee Chaplin
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Campus Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joanna Sumner
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Christy A Hipsley
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Campus Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jane Melville
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Balao F, Lorenzo MT, Sánchez-Robles JM, Paun O, García-Castaño JL, Terrab A. Early diversification and permeable species boundaries in the Mediterranean firs. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:495-507. [PMID: 31730195 PMCID: PMC7061173 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inferring the evolutionary relationships of species and their boundaries is critical in order to understand patterns of diversification and their historical drivers. Despite Abies (Pinaceae) being the second most diverse group of conifers, the evolutionary history of Circum-Mediterranean firs (CMFs) remains under debate. METHODS We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) on all proposed CMF taxa to investigate their phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status. KEY RESULTS Based on thousands of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we present here the first formal test of species delimitation, and the first fully resolved, complete species tree for CMFs. We discovered that all previously recognized taxa in the Mediterranean should be treated as independent species, with the exception of Abies tazaotana and Abies marocana. An unexpectedly early pulse of speciation in the Oligocene-Miocene boundary is here documented for the group, pre-dating previous hypotheses by millions of years, revealing a complex evolutionary history encompassing both ancient and recent gene flow between distant lineages. CONCLUSIONS Our phylogenomic results contribute to shed light on conifers' diversification. Our efforts to resolve the CMF phylogenetic relationships help refine their taxonomy and our knowledge of their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Balao
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | - María Teresa Lorenzo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Manuel Sánchez-Robles
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ovidiu Paun
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juan Luis García-Castaño
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anass Terrab
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1095, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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Melville J, Chaplin K, Hipsley CA, Sarre SD, Sumner J, Hutchinson M. Integrating phylogeography and high-resolution X-ray CT reveals five new cryptic species and multiple hybrid zones among Australian earless dragons. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:191166. [PMID: 31903207 PMCID: PMC6936289 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cryptic lineages, comprising species complexes with deep genetic structuring across the landscape but without distinct morphological differences, impose substantial difficulties for systematists and taxonomists in determining true species diversity. Here, we present an integrative approach that combines data from phylogeography and geometric morphometric analyses of three-dimensional cranial models to revisit the uncertain taxonomy of earless dragons from southern and central Australia that at one time or another have been included under the name Tympanocryptis lineata. Our approach finds strong support for seven previously described species, and more importantly, five undescribed Tympanocryptis taxa for which we provide a taxonomic treatment. We also find evidence of introgression and hybridization in three discrete contact zones between lineages, supported by mitochondrial and nuclear genes, as well as morphological analyses. With a sampling design that includes at least five individuals for each genetic lineage with corresponding X-ray microcomputed tomography scans, we perform comparative evolutionary analyses to show that there is a significant phylogenetic signal in Tympanocryptis cranial shape. Our results demonstrate the importance of using multiple specimens in each genetic lineage, particularly in cases of potential hybridization, and that geometric morphometrics, when used in an integrative framework, is a powerful tool in species delimitation across cryptic lineages. Our results lay the groundwork for future evolutionary studies in this widespread group across multiple environmental types and identify several species of immediate conservation concern with a focus on T. petersi sp. nov. We suggest that this species has undergone significant population declines and warrants a full conservation assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Melville
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kirilee Chaplin
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christy A. Hipsley
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Sarre
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Joanna Sumner
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Mark Hutchinson
- South Australia Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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7
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Gray JA, Sherratt E, Hutchinson MN, Jones MEH. Evolution of cranial shape in a continental‐scale evolutionary radiation of Australian lizards. Evolution 2019; 73:2216-2229. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimi A. Gray
- School of Biological Science, Thomas BuildingUniversity of Auckland Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Emma Sherratt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Adelaide North Terrace Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- South Australian Museum Kintore Avenue Adelaide South Australia 5000 Australia
| | - Mark N. Hutchinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Adelaide North Terrace Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
- South Australian Museum Kintore Avenue Adelaide South Australia 5000 Australia
| | - Marc E. H. Jones
- Earth SciencesNatural History Museum London SW7 5BD United Kingdom
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8
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Burriel-Carranza B, Tarroso P, Els J, Gardner A, Soorae P, Mohammed AA, Tubati SRK, Eltayeb MM, Shah JN, Tejero-Cicuéndez H, Simó-Riudalbas M, Pleguezuelos JM, Fernández-Guiberteau D, Šmíd J, Carranza S. An integrative assessment of the diversity, phylogeny, distribution, and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles (Sauropsida, Squamata) of the United Arab Emirates. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216273. [PMID: 31048886 PMCID: PMC6497385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we use an unprecedented database of 5,535 distributional records to infer the diversity, ecological preferences and spatial distribution of the 60 species of terrestrial reptiles of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and use the 57 native species to test the effectiveness of the protected areas’ network in conserving this unique vertebrate fauna. We infer a time-calibrated phylogeny with 146 species of squamates and 15 genes including all UAE terrestrial reptile species to determine the phylogenetic diversity (PD) and evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) of the native species and to compare it with the distribution of the hotspots of native species richness. The results of this study indicate that the sampling effort is remarkable, covering 75% of the country’s territory representing nearly the entire climatic space of the UAE defined by the mean annual temperature and the total annual precipitation, as well as the multivariate climatic space defined by a principal component analysis (PCA). Species richness is highest in the northeast of the country, in a transitional area from sandy desert to the mountainous terrain of the Hajar Mountains. The highest PD of a single square cell of 10 arc-minutes grid is of 2,430 million years (my) of accumulated evolutionary history and the strong correlation between PD and species richness suggests that the raw number of species is a good surrogate to quantify the evolutionary history (i.e., PD). The species with the highest values of ED are those in families represented by only one species in the UAE. Finally, the assessment of the UAE protected areas shows that, despite their relevance in protecting the terrestrial reptiles, they do not offer adequate protection for some threatened species. Therefore, a reassessment of some of the protected areas or the creation of species specific conservation action plans are recommended in order to ensure the preservation of the unique diversity of UAE terrestrial reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Burriel-Carranza
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Tarroso
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBIO/InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Johannes Els
- Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife, Environment and Protected Areas Authority, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrew Gardner
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Mustafa Eltayeb
- Natural Resource Conservation Section, Environment Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Junid Nazeer Shah
- Natural Resource Conservation Section, Environment Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Héctor Tejero-Cicuéndez
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Simó-Riudalbas
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jiří Šmíd
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Salvador Carranza
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Melville J, Chaplin K, Hutchinson M, Sumner J, Gruber B, MacDonald AJ, Sarre SD. Taxonomy and conservation of grassland earless dragons: new species and an assessment of the first possible extinction of a reptile on mainland Australia. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190233. [PMID: 31218062 PMCID: PMC6549961 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Taxonomic research is of fundamental importance in conservation management of threatened species, providing an understanding of species diversity on which management plans are based. The grassland earless dragon lizards (Agamidae: Tympanocryptis) of southeastern Australia have long been of conservation concern but there have been ongoing taxonomic uncertainties. We provide a comprehensive taxonomic review of this group, integrating multiple lines of evidence, including phylogeography (mtDNA), phylogenomics (SNPs), external morphology and micro X-ray CT scans. Based on these data we assign the lectotype of T. lineata to the Canberra region, restrict the distribution of T. pinguicolla to Victoria and name two new species: T. osbornei sp. nov. (Cooma) and T. mccartneyi sp. nov. (Bathurst). Our results have significant conservation implications. Of particular concern is T. pinguicolla, with the last confident sighting in 1969, raising the possibility of the first extinction of a reptile on mainland Australia. However, our results are equivocal as to whether T. pinguicolla is extant or extinct, emphasizing the immediate imperative for continued surveys to locate any remaining populations of T. pinguicolla. We also highlight the need for a full revision of conservation management plans for all the grassland earless dragons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Melville
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton Gardens, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Kirilee Chaplin
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton Gardens, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Mark Hutchinson
- South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Joanna Sumner
- Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, Carlton Gardens, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Bernd Gruber
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Anna J. MacDonald
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Sarre
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Patterns of Variation in the Cranial Osteology of Three Species of Endemic Australian Lizards (Ctenophorus: Squamata: Agamidae): Implications for the Fossil Record and Morphological Analyses made with Limited Sample Sizes. J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1670/16-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Sheth BP, Thaker VS. DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy: an integrated approach for biodiversity conservation. Genome 2017; 60:618-628. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological diversity is depleting at an alarming rate. Additionally, a vast amount of biodiversity still remains undiscovered. Taxonomy has been serving the purpose of describing, naming, and classifying species for more than 250 years. DNA taxonomy and barcoding have accelerated the rate of this process, thereby providing a tool for conservation practice. DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy have their own inherent merits and demerits. The synergistic use of both methods, in the form of integrative taxonomy, has the potential to contribute to biodiversity conservation in a pragmatic timeframe and overcome their individual drawbacks. In this review, we discuss the basics of both these methods of biological identification (traditional taxonomy and DNA barcoding), the technical advances in integrative taxonomy, and future trends. We also present a comprehensive compilation of published examples of integrative taxonomy that refer to nine topics within biodiversity conservation. Morphological and molecular species limits were observed to be congruent in ∼41% of the 58 source studies. The majority of the studies highlighted the description of cryptic diversity through the use of molecular data, whereas research areas like endemism, biological invasion, and threatened species were less discussed in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavisha P. Sheth
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Vrinda S. Thaker
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
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Carlson E, MacDonald AJ, Adamack A, McGrath T, Doucette LI, Osborne WS, Gruber B, Sarre SD. How many conservation units are there for the endangered grassland earless dragons? CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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14
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Dumas P, Barbut J, Le Ru B, Silvain JF, Clamens AL, d’Alençon E, Kergoat GJ. Phylogenetic molecular species delimitations unravel potential new species in the pest genus Spodoptera Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122407. [PMID: 25853412 PMCID: PMC4390195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays molecular species delimitation methods promote the identification of species boundaries within complex taxonomic groups by adopting innovative species concepts and theories (e.g. branching patterns, coalescence). As some of them can efficiently deal with large single-locus datasets, they could speed up the process of species discovery compared to more time consuming molecular methods, and benefit from the existence of large public datasets; these methods can also particularly favour scientific research and actions dealing with threatened or economically important taxa. In this study we aim to investigate and clarify the status of economically important moths species belonging to the genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a complex group in which previous phylogenetic analyses and integrative approaches already suggested the possible occurrence of cryptic species and taxonomic ambiguities. In this work, the effectiveness of innovative (and faster) species delimitation approaches to infer putative species boundaries has been successfully tested in Spodoptera, by processing the most comprehensive dataset (in terms of number of species and specimens) ever achieved; results are congruent and reliable, irrespective of the set of parameters and phylogenetic models applied. Our analyses confirm the existence of three potential new species clusters (for S. exigua (Hübner, 1808), S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) and S. mauritia (Boisduval, 1833)) and support the synonymy of S. marima (Schaus, 1904) with S. ornithogalli (Guenée, 1852). They also highlight the ambiguity of the status of S. cosmiodes (Walker, 1858) and S. descoinsi Lalanne-Cassou & Silvain, 1994. This case study highlights the interest of molecular species delimitation methods as valuable tools for species discovery and to emphasize taxonomic ambiguities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascaline Dumas
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jérôme Barbut
- Direction des collections—USM 602, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Le Ru
- IRD/CNRS, Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Spéciation, Avenue de la terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France
- Unité de Recherche IRD 072, African Insect Science for Food and Health (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-François Silvain
- IRD/CNRS, Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Spéciation, Avenue de la terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France
| | - Anne-Laure Clamens
- INRA—UMR 1062 CBGP (INRA, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Emmanuelle d’Alençon
- UM2—UMR 1333 DGIMI, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- INRA—UMR 1333 DGIMI, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Gael J. Kergoat
- INRA—UMR 1062 CBGP (INRA, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro), Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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