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Seck I, Ndoye SF, Kapchoup MVK, Nguemo F, Ciss I, Ba LA, Ba A, Sokhna S, Seck M. Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K +, Nav, and Ca v channels: a review. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38586947 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2337112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes. The natural product's pharmacology of expressed receptors like alpha-adrenergic receptors causes an influx of Ca2+ ions through receptor-operated Ca2+ ion channels. We also examine the NPs associated with cardiac contractions such as myocardial contractility by reducing the L-type calcium current and decreasing the intracellular calcium transient, inhibiting the K+ induced contractions, decreasing amplitude of myocyte shortening and showed negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects due to decreasing cytosolic Ca2+. We examine whether the NPs block potassium channels, particular the hERG channel and regulatory effects on Nav1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba Fama Ndoye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lalla Aicha Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abda Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Seynabou Sokhna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
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2
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Fan L, Ding X. Potential Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on COVID-19 and Cardiac Injury: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:2863-2872. [PMID: 37771609 PMCID: PMC10522495 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s424078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern" from 30 January 2020 to 5 May 2023. While battling Coronavirus disease 2019, the Chinese government has actively promoted the collaborative treatment model of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, and clinical and scientific research has applied appropriate and rigorous methodology. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection may damage the cardiovascular system via an unclarified pathogenic mechanism. The National Health Commission of China recommends 'three formulas and three medicines' for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019, which have been shown to be most effective in the treatments. Data from randomized controlled trials of 'three formulas and three medicines' suggested that the traditional Chinese medicine is safe and can alleviate the symptoms of cardiac injury. Therefore, we further evaluate the benefits and safety of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Coronavirus disease 2019 patients with cardiac injury across the care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Yellow River Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Ding
- Department of Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Lu CM, Yang YS, Lu YM, Zhu YP, Zhang A, Lyu SC, Zhang JP. Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills for Cardiovascular Diseases: Effects and Mechanisms. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:857-864. [PMID: 36301453 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills (QSYQ) is a compound of Chinese medicine, which has been used to treat coronary heart disease and cardiac dysfunction. Its natural components include astragaloside IV, flavonoids, danshensu, protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, ginsenosides Rg1, ginsenosides Rb1, and essential oils, etc. It exerts effects of nourishing qi and promoting blood circulation to relieve pain. In this review, the bioactive components of QSYQ and its effects for treating cardiovascular diseases and possible mechanism were summarized, providing references for further study and clinical application of QSYQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yu-Song Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yan-Min Lu
- Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, 10003, USA
| | - Shi-Chao Lyu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Jun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
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4
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Zhang Z, Chen F, Wan J, Liu X. Potential traditional Chinese medicines with anti-inflammation in the prevention of heart failure following myocardial infarction. Chin Med 2023; 18:28. [PMID: 36932409 PMCID: PMC10022008 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the development of heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). Suppression of post-infarction inflammatory cascade has become a new strategy to delay or block the progression of HF. At present, there are no approved anti-inflammatory drugs used to prevent HF following MI. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used clinically for cardiovascular disease for a long time. Here, we summarized the recent progress about some TCM which could both improve cardiac function and inhibit inflammation in patients or experimental models with MI or HF, in order to provide evidence for their potential application in reducing the onset of HF following MI. Among them, single Chinese medicinal herbs (eg. Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza) and Chinese herbal formulas (eg. Gualou Xiebai Decoction and Sini Tang) are discussed separately. The main targets for their anti-inflammation effect are mainly involved the TLR4/NF-κB signaling, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. It is worthy of further evaluating their potential, experimentally or clinically, in the prevention or delay of HF following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, China.
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, China.
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5
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Long K, Zhao Z, Chen J, Zhi L, Wang C, Liao D, Wang M, Gao P. Yang-xin-xue keli exerts therapeutic effects via regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and function in doxorubicin-induced rat heart failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:931453. [PMID: 36110548 PMCID: PMC9468485 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.931453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heart failure, especially chronic heart failure, is generally induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the subsequent loss of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) openings and pathological mitochondrial dysfunction. Herein, we explored the therapeutic effects of the Chinese medicine Yangxin Keli (YXXKL) on chronic heart failure and its underlying working mechanism. Methods: To mimic oxidative stress-induced chronic heart failure, a rat heart failure model was induced by the administration of DOX. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to confirm the successful establishment of the heart failure model by observing significantly decreased cardiac function in the rats. Mitochondrial membrane potential, function, and ATP synthesis activity were measured after YXXKL was employed. Results The administration of YXXKL not only significantly improved cardiac function but also reversed the myocardium loss and fibrosis induced via DOX. Moreover, the administration of YXXKL also increased ATP synthesis and mitochondrial DNA mass in left ventricular tissues, which indicated that mitochondria may be a key target of YXXKL. Thus, we employed rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 and primary rat cardiac myocytes (RCMs) to induce oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury via DOX treatment. YXXKL-medicated serum promoted cell proliferation, which was inhibited by the addition of IC30 DOX, and the serum also inhibited cell apoptosis, which was promoted by the addition of IC50 DOX. YXKL-medicated serum was able to scavenge ROS and maintain the mitochondrial membrane potential as well as promote mitochondrial function, including the promotion of ATP synthesis, mitochondrial DNA mass, and transcriptional activity. Furthermore, we also observed that YXXKL-medicated serum inhibited DOX-induced autophagy/mitophagy by scavenging ROS. Conclusion: Taken together, we conclude that YXXKLI may exert therapeutic effects on oxidative stress-related heart failure via the regulation of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlan Long
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijia Zhi
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Liao
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyang Gao
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Peiyang Gao,
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Ren C, Liu K, Zhao X, Guo H, Luo Y, Chang J, Gao X, Lv X, Zhi X, Wu X, Jiang H, Chen Q, Li Y. Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Myocardial fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853289. [PMID: 35754495 PMCID: PMC9213783 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective drugs for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis (MF) are lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered increasing attention in recent years for the prevention and treatment of myocardial fibrosis. This Article describes the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis from the modern medicine, along with the research progress. Reports suggest that Chinese medicine may play a role in ameliorating myocardial fibrosis through different regulatory mechanisms such as reduction of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress, inhibition of cardiac fibroblast activation, reduction in extracellular matrix, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulation, transforming growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression downregulation, TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway regulation, and microRNA expression regulation. Therefore, traditional Chinese medicine serves as a valuable source of candidate drugs for exploration of the mechanism of occurrence and development, along with clinical prevention and treatment of MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinke Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huan Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yali Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinfang Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhi
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hugang Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qilin Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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7
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RNA-Seq Profiling to Investigate the Mechanism of Qishen Granules on Regulating Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism of Heart Failure in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2021:5779307. [PMID: 35003305 PMCID: PMC8741342 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5779307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background. Qishen granules (QSG) are a frequently prescribed formula with cardioprotective properties prescribed to HF for many years. RNA-seq profiling revealed that regulation on cardiac mitochondrial energy metabolism is the main therapeutic effect. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of QSG on regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxidative stress through the PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling pathway. RNA-seq technology revealed that QSG significantly changed the differential gene expression of mitochondrial dysfunction in myocardial ischemic tissue. The mechanism was verified through the left anterior descending artery- (LAD-) induced HF rat model and oxygen glucose deprivation/recovery- (OGD/R-) established H9C2 induction model both in vivo and in vitro. Echocardiography and HE staining showed that QSG could effectively improve the cardiac function of rats with myocardial infarction in functionality and structure. Furthermore, transcriptomics revealed QSG could significantly regulate mitochondrial dysfunction-related proteins at the transcriptome level. The results of electron microscopy and immunofluorescence proved that the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial membrane structural integrity, and myocardial oxidative stress damage can be effectively improved after QSG treatment. Mechanism studies showed that QSG increased the expression level of mitochondrial biogenesis factor PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM protein and regulated the balance of mitochondrial fusion/fission protein expression. QSG could regulate mitochondrial dysfunction in ischemia heart tissue to protect cardiac function and structure in HF rats. The likely mechanism is the adjustment of PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM pathway to alleviate oxidative stress in myocardial cells. Therefore, PGC-1α may be a potential therapeutic target for improving mitochondrial dysfunction in HF.
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8
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Zhu YC, Liang B, Gu N. Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Ventricular Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:753095. [PMID: 34926607 PMCID: PMC8671630 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular remodeling is related to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, immune system, and various cytokines involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and cell signal regulation. Accumulated studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine can significantly inhibit the process of ventricular remodeling, which may be related to the mechanism mentioned above. Here, we conducted a system overview to critically review the cellular and molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on ventricular remodeling. We mainly searched PubMed for basic research about the anti-ventricular remodeling of traditional Chinese medicine in 5 recent years, and then objectively summarized these researches. We included more than 25 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines including Qi-Li-Qian-Xin, Qi-Shen-Yi-Qi Pill, Xin-Ji-Er-Kang Formula, and Yi-Qi-Wen-Yang Decoction, and found that they can inhibit ventricular remodeling effectively through multi-components and multi-action targets, which are promoting the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chun Zhu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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9
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QiShenYiQi Pill Improves Myocardial Hypertrophy Caused by Pressure Overload in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5536723. [PMID: 34221074 PMCID: PMC8225423 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5536723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-overloaded myocardial hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as heart failure (HF), arrhythmia, and even sudden death. It is reported that QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ) is widely used in the treatment of CVDs and can prevent pathological hypertrophy of myocardium, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. In this study, a rat model of myocardial hypertrophy was established through the pressure overload caused by abdominal aortic constriction in Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into model group, valsartan group, and QSYQ group, and sham-operated animals served as the control group. At the 4 and 8 weeks of intervention, the general morphology of the heart, myocardial collagen content, collagen volume factor (CVF), collagen type I, collagen type III, myocardial pathological changes, and the expression of ANP, β-MHC, TGF-β1, and CTGF were analyzed, respectively, in order to explore the possible effect of QSYQ on the mechanism of myocardial hypertrophy. We observed that QSYQ could effectively improve myocardial hypertrophy in pressure-overloaded rats, which was related to the regulatory mechanism of TGF-β1 and CTGF.
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10
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Lv S, Yuan P, Lu C, Dong J, Li M, Qu F, Zhu Y, Zhang J. QiShenYiQi pill activates autophagy to attenuate reactive myocardial fibrosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5525-5538. [PMID: 33582656 PMCID: PMC7950250 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese medicine, is used to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, the dose-effect relationship of its intervention in the reactive myocardial fibrosis is elusive. In this work, rat models of reactive myocardial fibrosis induced by partial abdominal aortic coarctation were constructed and randomly classified into the model group, 3-methyladenine group, rapamycin group, QSYQ low-dose group, QSYQ medium-dose group, QSYQ high-dose group, and sham-operated rats (control group). We revealed that QSYQ lowered the heart mass index (HMI), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) levels in a dose-dependent mechanism. Additionally, QSYQ increased the number of autophagosomes, and the expression of myocardial Beclin-1 and LC3B. In contrast, it reduced the expression of myocardial p62 and decreased the ratios of myocardial p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR. In conclusion, our results have revealed that QSYQ impacts anti-reactive myocardial fibrosis in a dose-dependent mechanism which is mediated by the activation of myocardial autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Lv
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Chunmiao Lu
- Jiashan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping Dong
- Health Center of Balitai Town, Jinnan, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Meng Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Fan Qu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
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11
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Chen Y, Li W, Nong X, Liang C, Li J, Lu W, Wang B, Yuan Z, Yang S. Role of Artesunate on cardiovascular complications in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:19. [PMID: 33499847 PMCID: PMC7836182 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of artesunate (ART) on the reduction of cardiovascular complications in a type 1 diabetes model and to investigate the associated mechanism based on the receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE)/NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: The healthy, diabetic, 50 mg/kg ART (ig) treatment diabetic, 100 mg/kg ART (ig) treatment diabetic, and 6 U/kg insulin (iH) treatment diabetic groups. The treatment lasted 4 weeks after the diabetic model was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Blood samples were collected, and cardiovascular tissues were harvested and processed to measure various parameters after the animals were sacrificed. The myocardium and aortic arch tissues were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining. Expression levels of RAGE, NF-κB, matrix metalloproteinase MMP9, MMP1 and CD68 in the myocardium and aortic arch tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. RESULTS The results of the present study demonstrated that ART treatment may restrain diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications by maintaining heart and body weight while reducing blood glucose, as well as regulating blood lipid indicators to normal level (P < 0.05). The expression levels of NF-κB, CD68, MMP1, MMP9 and RAGE were decreased in the ART-treated diabetic rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ART treatment may have a protective role against diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications in diabetic rats by inhibiting the expression of proteins in the RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway and downstream inflammatory factors. High concentrations of ART had a hypoglycemic effect, while a low concentration of ART prevented cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Medical Science Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Bingge Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhong Yuan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shiying Yang
- School of Information and Management, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
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12
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Zhang L, Li L. COVID-19 in Elderly Adults: Clinical Features, Molecular Mechanisms, and Proposed Strategies. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1481-1495. [PMID: 33269102 PMCID: PMC7673861 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is causing problems worldwide. Most people are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but elderly populations are more susceptible. Elevated susceptibility and death rates in elderly COVID-19 patients, especially those with age-related complications, are challenges for pandemic prevention and control. In this paper, we review the clinical features of elderly patients with COVID-19 and explore the related molecular mechanisms that are essential for the exploration of preventive and therapeutic strategies in the current pandemic. Furthermore, we analyze the feasibility of currently recommended potential novel methods against COVID-19 among elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Zhao C, Li S, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhao F, Du X, Hou J, Zhang T, Shi C, Wang P, Huo R, Woodman OL, Qin CX, Xu H, Huang L. Current state and future perspective of cardiovascular medicines derived from natural products. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107698. [PMID: 33039419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of natural products (NPs) to cardiovascular medicine has been extensively documented, and many have been used for centuries. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past 40 years, approximately 50% of newly developed cardiovascular drugs were based on NPs, suggesting that NPs provide essential skeletal structures for the discovery of novel medicines. After a period of lower productivity since the 1990s, NPs have recently regained scientific and commercial attention, leveraging the wealth of knowledge provided by multi-omics, combinatorial biosynthesis, synthetic biology, integrative pharmacology, analytical and computational technologies. In addition, as a crucial part of complementary and alternative medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine has increasingly drawn attention as an important source of NPs for cardiovascular drug discovery. Given their structural diversity and biological activity NPs are one of the most valuable sources of drugs and drug leads. In this review, we briefly described the characteristics and classification of NPs in CVDs. Then, we provide an up to date summary on the therapeutic potential and the underlying mechanisms of action of NPs in CVDs, and the current view and future prospect of developing safer and more effective cardiovascular drugs based on NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sen Li
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanyun Huang
- Biology Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States of America
| | - Luoqi Zhang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xia Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Jinli Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chenjing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ruili Huo
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Owen L Woodman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3800, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China; Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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14
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Lv S, Yuan P, Dong J, Lu C, Li M, Qu F, Zhu Y, Yuan Z, Zhang J. QiShenYiQi pill improves the reparative myocardial fibrosis by regulating autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11283-11293. [PMID: 32881330 PMCID: PMC7576289 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese medicine, is well known for improving the myocardial remodelling, but the dose‐effect relationship of its intervention in the reparative myocardial fibrosis is still unclear. We investigated the effect of QSYQ on the reparative myocardial fibrosis in cardiac myosin‐induced rats and explored its mechanism of action by regulating autophagy. The results indicated that QSYQ increased LVEF and LVFS, and decreased the LVEDD, LVESD, HMI, LVMI, myocardial inflammation histology score, and collagen volume fraction in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, QSYQ declined the number of autophagosomes, down‐regulated the expression of myocardial Beclin‐1 and LC3B, up‐regulated the expression of myocardial p62 and increased the ratios of myocardial p‐PI3K/PI3K, p‐Akt/Akt and p‐mTOR/mTOR. We provided evidence for that QSYQ could inhibit excessive myocardial autophagy by regulating the PI3K/Akt‐mTOR pathway and can be a potential therapeutic approach in treating the cardiovascular diseases such as myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Lv
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Chunmiao Lu
- Jiashan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Meng Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Qu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuo Yuan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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15
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Gao K, Zhang J, Gao P, Wang Q, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chang H, Ren P, Liu J, Wang Y, Wang W. Qishen granules exerts cardioprotective effects on rats with heart failure via regulating fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Chin Med 2020; 15:21. [PMID: 32158496 PMCID: PMC7055086 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Qishen granules (QSG) has been applied to treat heart failure (HF) for decades. Our previous transcriptomics study has suggested that Qishen granules (QSG) could regulate the pathways of cardiac energy metabolism in HF, but the specific regulatory mechanism has not yet been clarified. This study was to investigate the potential mechanism of QSG in regulating myocardial fatty acid (FA) and glucose metabolism in a rat model of HF. Methods The model of HF was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Cardiac structure and function were assessed by cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography. Level of glucose metabolism was non-invasively evaluated by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Blood lipid levels were determined by enzymatic analysis. The mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed with a transmission electron microscope. The critical proteins related to FA metabolism, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function were measured by western blotting. The ANOVA followed by a Fisher’s LSD test was used for within-group comparisons. Results QSG ameliorated cardiac functions and attenuated myocardial remodeling in HF model. The levels of serum TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly reduced by QSG. The proteins mediating FA uptake, transportation into mitochondria and β-oxidation (FAT/CD36, CPT1A, ACADL, ACADM, ACAA2 and SCP2) as well as the upstreaming transcriptional regulators of FA metabolism (PPARα, RXRα, RXRβ and RXRγ) were up-regulated by QSG. As to glucose metabolism, QSG inhibited glycolytic activity by decreasing LDHA, while stimulated glucose oxidation by decreasing PDK4. Furthermore, QSG could facilitate tricarboxylic acid cycle, promote the transportation of ATP from mitochondria to cytoplasm and restore the mitochondrial function by increasing SUCLA2, CKMT2 and PGC-1α and decreasing UCP2 simultaneously. Conclusion QSG improved myocardial energy metabolism through increasing FA metabolism,inhibiting uncoupling of glycolysis from glucose oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Gao
- 1Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- 2School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Pengrong Gao
- 2School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- 2School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ying Liu
- 2School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Junjie Liu
- 3School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yili Zhang
- 3School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yan Li
- 1Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078 China
| | - Hong Chang
- 4Traditional Chinese Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Ping Ren
- 5School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Jinmin Liu
- 1Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078 China
| | - Yong Wang
- 3School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Wei Wang
- 3School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
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16
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Lu W, Wang Q, Sun X, He H, Wang Q, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li C. Qishen Granule Improved Cardiac Remodeling via Balancing M1 and M2 Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1399. [PMID: 31824322 PMCID: PMC6886583 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in myocardial remodeling (MR) process which could eventually lead to heart failure. Splenic monocytes could be mobilized and recruited under inflammatory conditions and differentiated into different types of macrophages in heart tissues. Inflammatory M1 macrophages could aggravate tissue damage whereas M2 macrophages could promote angiogenesis and tissue repair process. Unbalanced ratio of M1/M2 macrophages may eventually lead to adverse remodeling. Therefore, regulating differentiation and activities of macrophages are potential strategies for the management of myocardial remodeling. Qishen Granule (QSG) is an effective Chinese medicine for treating heart failure. Our previous studies demonstrated that QSG could inhibit myocardial fibrosis through regulating secretion of cytokines and activation of macrophages. However, the detailed effects of QSG on had not been elucidated yet. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of QSG on the release of splenic monocytes, the recruitment of monocytes into heart tissues and the differentiation of macrophages under ischemic conditions. Our results showed that QSG could suppress the release of monocytes from the spleen and recruitment of monocytes to heart tissues via inhibiting splenic angiotensin (Ang) II/AT1-cardiac monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1/CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) pathway. The anti-fibrotic effect of QSG was exerted by inhibiting M1 macrophage-activated transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad3 pathway. Meanwhile, QSG could promote angiogenesis by promoting differentiation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages. Our results suggest that compounds of Chinese medicine have synergistic effects on cardiac and splenic organs through regulating differentiation of monocytes/macrophages in inhibiting myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Lu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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17
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Liu Z, Wang J, Li Y. Efficacy of sacubitril valsartan sodium tablet for the treatment of chronic heart failure: A systematic review protocol of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18050. [PMID: 31764831 PMCID: PMC6882600 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to systematically explore the efficacy of sacubitril valsartan sodium tablet (SVST) for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS Nine electronic databases, including PUBMED, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, WANGFANG, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure will be searched. Randomized controlled trials on SVST in the treatment of CHF will be collected. The search time limit will be from the establishment of each electronic database until June 1, 2019. Two authors will independently select the literature, carry out the data, and assess the methodological quality. RESULTS This study will systematically investigate the efficacy and safety of SVST for CHF. The outcomes consist of all-cause mortality, change in body weight, urine output, change in serum sodium; and incidence of any expected and unexpected adverse events. CONCLUSION The findings of this study will summarize from evidence-based medicine and a scientific basis for the efficacy and safety of SVST in the clinical treatment of CHF. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019138882.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Yanan University Affiliated Hospital
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Yanan University Affiliated Hospital
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Yan’an People's Hospital, Yan’an, China
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18
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Liu J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Huo M, Sun X, Xu Z, Tan N, Du K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang W. A Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Mechanisms of Qishen Granules in Heart Failure. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7735-7745. [PMID: 31613871 PMCID: PMC6813758 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms of Qishen granules (QSG) in the treatment of HF, and to provide new evidence and insights for its clinical application. Information on QSG ingredients was collected from Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP), TCM@Taiwan, TCMID, and Batman, and input into SwissTargetPrediction to identify the compound targets. HF-related targets were detected from Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), Disgenet-Gene, Drugbank database, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. The overlap targets of QSG and HF were identified for pathway enrichment analysis by utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of QSG-HF was constructed, following by the generation of core targets, construction of core modules, and KEGG analysis of the core functional modules. There were 1909 potential targets predicted from the 243 bioactive compounds in QSG which shared 129 common targets with HF-related targets. KEGG pathway analysis of common targets indicated that QSG could regulated 23 representative pathways. In the QSG-HF PPI network analysis, 10 key targets were identified, including EDN1, AGT, CREB1, ACE, CXCR4, ADRBK1, AGTR1, BDKRB1, ADRB2, and F2. Further cluster and enrichment analysis suggested that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, renin secretion, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and the renin-angiotensin system might be core pathways of QSG for HF. Our study elucidated the possible mechanisms of QSG from a systemic and holistic perspective. The key targets and pathways will provide new insights for further research on the pharmacological mechanism of QSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yuan Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yili Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Mengqi Huo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zixuan Xu
- Respiratory Department, Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Nannan Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Kangjia Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
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19
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Li C, Lu L, Zhang Q, Zhu R, Wang W. A Review of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 23:5115-5124. [PMID: 28950815 PMCID: PMC6340156 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170925163427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and it is the end stage of sev-eral cardiovascular diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used in the management of heart failure for a long time. Only until recently, well-designed clinical trials have been put into practice to study the efficacies of Chinese herbs. Extensive studies have also been carried out to explore the under-lying mechanisms of pharmaceutical actions of Chinese herbs. In this study, we will summarize the frequently used Chinese herbs, formulae and patent Chinese drugs in treating patients with heart failure and review published clinical evaluations of Chinese herbs in treating cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms by which Chinese herbs exert cardio-protective effects will also be reviewed. In the end, we will point out the limitations of current studies and challenges facing modernization of traditional Chi-nese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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20
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The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Treating Coronary Heart Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3231424. [PMID: 30918578 PMCID: PMC6409025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3231424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been closely related with coronary artery disease. In coronary heart disease (CHD), an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production generates endothelial cell and smooth muscle functional disorders, leading to a disequilibrium between the antioxidant capacity and prooxidants. ROS also leads to inflammatory signal activation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which can promote and increase the occurrence and development of CHD. There are several kinds of antioxidative and small molecular systems of antioxidants, such as β-carotene, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and reduced glutathione (GSH). Studies have shown that antioxidant treatment was effective and decreased the risk of CHD, but the effect of the treatment varies greatly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for thousands of years in China and is becoming increasingly popular all over the world, especially for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on the evidence of the action mechanism of TCM in preventing CHD by modulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.
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21
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Chang M, Cheng L, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Hao P. Qishenyiqi dripping pill improves ventricular remodeling and function in patients with chronic heart failure: A pooled analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13906. [PMID: 30633164 PMCID: PMC6336621 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qishenyiqi dripping pill for chronic heart failure (CHF) remains controversial due to lack of high-quality trials. Therefore, we conduct this pooled-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qishenyiqi in CHF patients. METHODS We searched for randomized clinical trials for Qishenyiqi dripping pill in treating CHF up to August 2018 through China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the PubMed Database, the Wanfang Database, the China Scientific Journal Database (VIP), and the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Service System. RevMan 5.3 was used for pooled analyses. Based on the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, the clinical therapeutic effect was collected as the primary endpoint. RESULTS The efficacy and safety of Qishenyiqi combined with routine treatment significantly increased NYHA functional classification, left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac index, and 6-minute walking test and decreased brain natriuretic peptide, left ventricular end-diastolic, and end-systolic dimensions with no obvious side effects in comparison with routine therapy alone. CONCLUSIONS Together these results provide important insights into Qishenyiqi is effective and safe in improving ventricular remodeling and function of CHF patients. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO106695.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong University
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong University
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong University
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong University
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong University
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22
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Zhang Q, Shao M, Zhang X, Wang Q, Guo D, Yang X, Li C, Wang Y. The Effect of Chinese Medicine on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Acute Myocardial Infarction Through PPARγ Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1209. [PMID: 30405421 PMCID: PMC6207917 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Danqi Pill (DQP), a Chinese medicine frequently prescribed in China, has been approved to improve cardiac function by regulating cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure (HF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The aim of this study was to explore whether the mechanism of DQP is associated to the lipid and glucose metabolism mediated via PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) pathway both in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: Model of HF after AMI was established with ligation of left anterior descending artery on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Twenty-eight days after treatment, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to visualize cardiomyocyte morphological changes. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed to assess the contents of adenosine phosphates in heart. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) was conducted to evaluate the cardiac glucose metabolism. Expressions of key molecules such as PPARγ, sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and long chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL) were measured by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9C2 injury cardiomyocyte model was adopted for potential mechanism research in vitro. Results: Treatment with DQP rescued hearts from structural and functional damages as well as inflammatory infiltration. Levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and energy charge (EC) in DQP group were also up-regulated compared to model group. Further results demonstrated that critical enzymes both in lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism compromised in model group compared to sham group. Intriguingly, DQP could up-regulate critical enzymes including ACADL and SCP2 in lipid metabolism accompanying with promoting effect on molecules in glycolysis simultaneously. Results on upstreaming signaling pathway demonstrated that DQP could dramatically increase the expressions of PPARγ. In vitro study suggested the efficacy of DQP could be blocked by T0070907, a selective PPARγ inhibitor. Conclusion: DQP has cardioprotective effect in improving cardiac function and energy metabolism through regulating lipid and glucose metabolism. The effects may be mediated by PPARγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Yuan T. Clinical efficacy and safety of nuanxin capsule for chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11339. [PMID: 29979410 PMCID: PMC6076094 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF), the final phase of various heart diseases, is a serious public health problem resulting in high hospitalization rates, mortality, and increasing health care costs. Nuanxin capsule (NXC), a Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used in the treatment of CHF. However, the safety and efficacy of NXC used in patients with CHF has been uncertain and there has been no standard clinical trial published to confirm this. Thus, we conduct a study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NXC for CHF. METHODS The reference lists of randomized controlled trials and 8 electronic databases will be independently and systematically searched by 2 review authors in May 2018. Four English databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL]) and 4 Chinese databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database [CBM], Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], Wanfang Database, and VIP Database) will be included. The primary outcomes will be assessed according to the function classification of New York Heart Association (NYHA). Data synthesis will be precisely computed using the RevManV5.3 software when a data-analysis is allowed. Methodological quality will be assessed according to Cochrane Handbook. RESULTS This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of NXC for CHF from different aspects including the mortality, the function classification of NYHA. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this systematic review will provide evidence to prove whether NXC is an effective therapeutic intervention for patient with CHF.PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018090003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Li
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Tie Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Ruan G, Ren H, Zhang C, Zhu X, Xu C, Wang L. Cardioprotective Effects of QiShenYiQi Dripping Pills on Transverse Aortic Constriction-Induced Heart Failure in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:324. [PMID: 29666587 PMCID: PMC5891926 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
QiShenYiQi dripping pills (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese medicine, are commonly used to treat coronary heart disease, and QSYQ was recently approved as a complementary treatment for ischemic heart failure in China. However, only few studies reported on whether QSYQ exerts a protective effect on heart failure induced by pressure overload. In this study, we explored the role of QSYQ in a mouse model of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Twenty-eight C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: Sham + NS group, Sham + QSYQ group, TAC + NS group, and TAC + QSYQ group. QSYQ dissolved in normal saline (NS) was administered intragastrically (3.5 mg/100 g/day) in the Sham + QSYQ and TAC + QSYQ groups. In the Sham + NS and TAC + NS groups, NS was provided every day intragastrically. Eight weeks after TAC, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization were performed to evaluate the cardiac function, and immunofluorescent staining with anti-actinin2 antibody was performed to determine the structure of the myocardial fibers. Moreover, TUNEL staining and Masson trichrome staining were employed to assess the effects of QSYQ on cardiac apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to measure the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the heart, and immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31 antibody was performed to explore the role of QSYQ in cardiac angiogenesis. Results showed that TAC-induced cardiac dysfunction and disrupted structure of myocardial fibers significantly improved after QSYQ treatment. Moreover, QSYQ treatment also significantly improved cardiac apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis in TAC-induced heart failure, which was accompanied by an increase in VEGF expression levels and maintenance of microvessel density in the heart. In conclusion, QSYQ exerts a protective effect on TAC-induced heart failure, which could be attributed to enhanced cardiac angiogenesis, which is closely related to QSYQ. Thus, QSYQ may be a promising traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of heart failure induced by pressure overload such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoran Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haojin Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Icariside II attenuates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB and the TGF-β1/Smad2 signalling pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Fang WJ, Wang CJ, He Y, Zhou YL, Peng XD, Liu SK. Resveratrol alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by improving mitochondrial function through PGC-1α deacetylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:59-73. [PMID: 28770830 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that resveratrol (RSV) may ameliorate high-glucose-induced cardiac oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in diabetes. However, the mechanisms by which RSV regulates mitochondrial function in diabetic cardiomyopathy have not been fully elucidated. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cardiac dysfunction in diabetic patients, which is associated with dysregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). In this study we examined whether resveratrol alleviated cardiac dysfunction in diabetes by improving mitochondrial function via SIRT1-mediated PGC-1α deacetylation. T2DM was induced in rats by a high-fat diet combined with STZ injection. Diabetic rats were orally administered RSV (50 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 16 weeks. RSV administration significantly attenuated diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy evidenced by increasing ejection fraction (EF%), fraction shortening (FS%), ratio of early diastolic peak velocity (E velocity) and late diastolic peak velocity (A velocity) of the LV inflow (E/A ratio) and reducing expression levels of pro-hypertrophic markers ANP, BNP and β-MHC. Furthermore, manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, ATP content, mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression of nuclear respiration factor (NRF) were all significantly increased in diabetic hearts by RSV administration, whereas the levels of malondialdehvde (MDA) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) were significantly decreased. Moreover, RSV administration significantly activated SIRT1 expression and increased PGC-1α deacetylation. H9c2 cells cultured in a high glucose (HG, 30 mmol/L) condition were used for further analyzing the role of SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway in RSV regulation of mitochondrial function. RSV (20 μmol/L) caused similar beneficial effects in HG-treated H9c2 cells in vitro as in diabetic rats, but these protective effects were abolished by addition of a SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol (25 μmol/L) or by SIRT1 siRNA transfection. In H9c2 cells, RSV-induced PGC-1α deacetylation was dependent on SIRT1, which was also abolished by a SIRT1 inhibitor and SIRT1 siRNA transfection. Our results demonstrate that resveratrol attenuates cardiac injury in diabetic rats through regulation of mitochondrial function, which is mediated partly through SIRT1 activation and increased PGC-1α deacetylation.
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Chang H, Li C, Wang Q, Lu L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Wang Y, Wang W. QSKL protects against myocardial apoptosis on heart failure via PI3K/Akt-p53 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16986. [PMID: 29209026 PMCID: PMC5717266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ancient traditional Chinese medicine Qishenkeli (QSKL) is widely used in the treatment of heart failure (HF) in China. Previous studies have shown that QSKL has definite effects on HF. The purpose of this study is to identify the regulation of QSKL on apoptosis and clarify the underlying mechanism. An apoptosis model of H9C2 cells was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R). An animal model of HF was induced by ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rat. We found that QSKL reduced intracellular ROS generation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and protected H9C2 cells against OGD/R-induced apoptosis. In vivo results showed that QSKL administration could improve cardiac functions, decrease fibrotic area, infarct size and apoptotic rate in HF model. QSKL regulated the expressions of key apoptotic molecules, including increasing Bcl-2/Bax ratio, reducing the expressions of P53, Bax and Cleaved-caspase-3. Interestingly, QSKL also regulated the phosphorylated expressions of PI3K and Akt without significantly affecting PTEN. Taken together, the protective and anti-apoptotic effects of QSKL could be mediated partly through modulating the PI3K/Akt-P53 apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Traditional Chinese Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian New City, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu 11, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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28
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Zhang N, Li Y, Sun J, Li C, Song Y, Li J, Tu P, Zhao Y. Simultaneous Determination of Twenty-Five Compounds in Rat Plasma Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Polarity Switching Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111853. [PMID: 29084165 PMCID: PMC6150229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An attempt was made to characterize the pharmacokinetic profiles of Qishen Keli (QSKL) that has been widely proved to be effective in clinical practice. A method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of 25 analytes in rat plasma was developed and validated. Satisfactory chromatographic separation was achieved on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column with gradient elution using mobile phase consisting of 0.02% aqueous formic acid (A) and acetonitrile fortified with 0.02% formic acid (B), and analyte detection was carried out using polarity-switching multiple reaction monitoring mode. Method validation assays in terms of selectivity, linearity, inter- and intra-day variations, matrix effect, and recovery demonstrated the newly developed method to be specific, sensitive, accurate, and precise. Following the oral administration of QSKL at a single dose, the qualified method was successfully applied for pharmacokinetic investigations in sham and model rats. Mild differences occurred for the pharmacokinetic patterns of most components between those two groups, whereas significant differences were observed for glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetic acid. The obtained findings could provide meaningful information for the clarification of the effective material basis of QSKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
- Department of pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China.
| | - Yueting Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuelin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yunfang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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29
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Peng L, Lv CS, Zhao Y, Chen SD, Huang Y, Lu DW, Huang SQ, Yang ZB, Qian LC, Wen L. QiShenYiQi pill attenuates atherosclerosis by promoting regulatory T cells, inhibiting T helper 17 cells and accelerating cholesterol excretion. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82196-82206. [PMID: 29137256 PMCID: PMC5669882 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore potential immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying the suppressive effect on atherosclerosis of QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ). METHODS AND RESULTS Male ApoE-/- mice were maintained on a Western-type diet and QSYQ treatment for eight weeks. Determination of atherosclerosis demonstrated that QSYQ attenuated plaque formation and decreased the level of blood low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol. QSYQ treatment did not affect body weight but reduced the ratio of liver weight and body weight. Western blots of liver showed that QSYQ increased the expression of liver X receptor alpha and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 5. Western blots of atherosclerotic aorta revealed that QSYQ inhibited the expression of cluster of differentiation 36, promoted the expression of forkhead box P3 and decreased interleukin-17A expression. Western blots of spleen showed that QSYQ decreased the expression of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 and forkhead box P3, as well as attenuated the expression of spleen interleukin-6, RAR-related orphan receptor gamma and interleukin-17A. CONCLUSIONS QSYQ exerted an anti-atherosclerosis effect by promoting regulatory T cells in atherosclerotic lesion, inhibiting T helper 17 cells in plaque and spleen and accelerating liver cholesterol excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chong-Shan Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shao-Dong Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Da-Wei Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shu-Qiong Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zong-Bao Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lin-Chao Qian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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30
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Wang J, Shi J, Wei J, Wang J, Gao K, Li X, Chen J, Li S, Zhao H, Wang W. Safety and efficacy of Qishen granules in patients with chronic heart failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:468. [PMID: 29017565 PMCID: PMC5634880 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2193-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic heart failure (CHF), the final stage of various cardiovascular diseases, is a major public health problem resulting in significant hospitalization rates, mortality, and huge health care costs despite advances in the treatment and management of heart failure and heart failure-related risk factors. Qishen granules (QSG), a Chinese herbal formula, is widely used by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners to treat CHF. Several animal experimental studies have showed that QSG can significantly relieve the heart failure symptoms in CHF rat models. However, there is as yet no standard clinical trial to confirm this. Thus, the investigators are conducting this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of QSG in a large, and varied population. Methods/design This study is designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center, double-blind clinical trial with parallel groups. A total of 200 patients with CHF will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the QSG treatment group or the placebo group (in a 1:1 ratio). The patients will receive QSG or placebo granules twice a day for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients in the QSG group, compared with the placebo group, demonstrating a more than 30% decrease in NT-proBNP level during 12 weeks of treatment. The secondary outcomes consist of composite cardiac events, New York Heart Association functional classification, 6-minute walking distance, left ventricular ejection fraction, patient quality of life, and the TCM syndrome integral scale. Discussion On a background of standard treatment, QSG may further reduce the levels of NT-proBNP. This trial will provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of QSG in treating CHF, thus providing reference for clinical application of QSG. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov: NCT03027375. Registered on 16 January 2017. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2193-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.,Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Xinhua Street, Hui Min district, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiawei Wei
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kuo Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shaojing Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Syndrome and Prescription Basic Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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31
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Boonprom P, Boonla O, Chayaburakul K, Welbat JU, Pannangpetch P, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Pakdeechote P, Prachaney P. Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract protects against oxidative stress and cardiovascular remodeling via suppression of p47 phox and iNOS in nitric oxide deficient rats. Ann Anat 2017; 212:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Lu LH, Li C, Wang QY, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Meng H, Wang Y, Wang W. Cardioprotective effects of Qishen Granule () on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ handling in heart failure rats. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 23:510-517. [PMID: 28497395 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of Qishen Granule (, QSG) on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ handling in heart failure (HF) model of rats and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS HF rat models were induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation surgery and high-fat diet feeding. Rats were randomly divided into sham (n=10), model (n=10), QSG (n=12, 2.2 g/kg daily) and metoprolol groups (n=12, 10.5 mg/kg daily). The therapeutic effects of QSG were evaluated by echocardiography and blood lipid testing. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration and sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) activity were detected by specifific assay kits. Expressions of the critical regulators in SR Ca2+ handling were evaluated by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS HF model of rats developed ventricular remodeling accompanied with calcium overload and defective Ca2+ release-uptake cycling in cardiomyocytes. Treatment with QSG improved contractive function, attenuated ventricular remodeling and reduced the basal intracellular Ca2+ level. QSG prevented defective Ca2+ leak by attenuating hyperphosphorylation of ryanodine receptor 2, inhibiting expression of protein kinase A and up-regulating transcriptional expression of protein phosphatase 1. QSG also restored Ca2+ uptake by up-regulating expression and activity of SERCA2a and promoting phosphorylation of phospholamban. CONCLUSION QSG restored SR Ca2+ cycling in HF rats and served as an ideal alternative drug for treating HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hui Lu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qi-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Effect of QSKL on MAPK and RhoA Pathways in a Rat Model of Heart Failure. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:3903898. [PMID: 28484504 PMCID: PMC5412174 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3903898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Qishenkeli (QSKL) is one of the Chinese medicine formulae for treating heart failure and has been shown to have an antifibrotic effect. However, the mechanism of its therapeutic effects remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore whether QSKL could exert an antifibrotic effect by attenuating ras homolog family member A (RhoA) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, QSKL group, and positive control group. Heart failure was induced by ligation of the left ventricle anterior descending artery. Cardiac functions were measured by echocardiography and collagen deposition was assessed by Masson staining. Expressions of the key molecules involved in the RhoA and MAPK pathways were also measured. Twenty-one days after surgery, cardiac functions were severely impaired and collagen deposition was remarkable, while QSKL treatment could improve heart functions and alleviate collagen deposition. Further results demonstrated that the effects may be mediated by suppressing expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, expressions of RhoA, Rho-associated protein kinase 1/2 (ROCK1/2), and phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC) were also downregulated by QSKL compared with the model group. The cardioprotective mechanism of QSKL on heart failure is probably mediated by regulating both the MAPK and RhoA signaling pathways.
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Wang Y, Lin W, Li C, Singhal S, Jain G, Zhu L, Lu L, Zhu R, Wang W. Multipronged Therapeutic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine Qishenyiqi in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:98. [PMID: 28303103 PMCID: PMC5332380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Based on global gene expression profile, therapeutic effects of Qishenyiqi (QSYQ) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were investigated by integrated analysis at multiple levels including gene expression, pathways involved and functional group. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham-operated, AMI model (left anterior descending coronary artery ligation) and QSYQ-treated group. Cardiac tissues were obtained for analysing digital gene expression. Sequencing and transcriptome analyses were performed collaboratively, including analyses of differential gene expression, gene co-expression network, targeted attack on network and functional grouping. In this study, a new strategy known as keystone gene-based group significance analysis was also developed. Results: Analysis of top keystone QSYQ-regulated genes indicated that QSYQ ameliorated ventricular remodeling (VR), which is an irreversible process in the pathophysiology of AMI. At pathway level, both well-known cardiovascular diseases and cardiac signaling pathways were enriched. The most remarkable finding was the novel therapeutic effects identified from functional group analysis. This included anti-inflammatory effects mediated via suppression of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway and elevation of nitric oxide (NO); and amelioration of dyslipidaemia mediated via fatty acid oxidation. The regulatory patterns of QSYQ on key genes were confirmed by western blot, immunohistochemistry analysis and measurement of plasma lipids, which further validated the therapeutic effects of QSYQ proposed in this study. Conclusions: QSYQ exerts multipronged therapeutic effects on AMI, by concurrently alleviating VR progression, attenuating inflammation induced by arachidonic acid LOX pathway and NO production; and ameliorating dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Weili Lin
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Sarita Singhal
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center, State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center and Invision Health Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center, State University of New York at BuffaloBuffalo, NY, USA; Genome, Environment and Microbiome Community of Excellence, State University of New York at BuffaloBuffalo, NY, USA; Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
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Lv SC, Wu M, Li M, Wang Q, Wang XJ, Zhang A, Xu L, Zhang JP. Effect of QiShenYiQi pill on myocardial collagen metabolism in experimental autoimmune myocarditis rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:894-901. [PMID: 28178619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ) on myocardial collagen metabolism in experimental autoimmune myocarditis rats, and to explore its mechanism of action. METHODS Lewis rats underwent the injection of myocardial myosin mixed with freund's complete adjuvant were randomized into three groups: model, valsartan and QSYQ groups. And we treated rats which were injected phosphate buffered saline (PBS) mixed with freund's complete adjuvant as control group. Rats were intervened and euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks. We use alkaline hydrolysis to detect the content of myocardial hydroxyproline (HYP), and ELISA to detect the level of serum procollagen type I carboxyterminal peptide (PICP), procollagen type III amino-terminal peptide (PIIINP), and collagen C telopeptide type I (CTX-I). Myocardial MMP-1 and TIMP-1 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and myocardial MMP-1 and TIMP-1 mRNA expression was detected by real-time qPCR. RESULTS QSYQ reduced the content of myocardial HYP, and this reduction was greater over time. QSYQ also reduced the serum concentration of PICP, PIIINP, CTX-I and the PICP/PIIINP ratio, which further reduced over time, whereas its effect on lowering PICP was significantly greater than that of valsartan at 4 and 8 weeks, and lowering CTX-I was significantly greater than that of valsartan at 8 weeks. In addition, after 4 weeks, QSYQ enhanced the protein and mRNA expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1, and its effect on highering TIMP-1 was significantly greater than that of valsartan, whereas there was no significant difference in the expression of myocardial MMP-1 or TIMP-1 at 8 weeks. QSYQ reduced the ratio of MMP-1/TIMP-1, which further reduced over time, and the effect of QYSQ was significantly greater than that of valsartan after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that QSYQ can reduce the rate of myocardial collagen synthesis and degradation. It also effectively improved the degree of myocardial fibrosis in experimental autoimmune myocarditis rats and it had a tendency to have a greater effect with longer treatment duration, which is related to the mechanism of regulation of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression in the myocardial rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chao Lv
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Meifang Wu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Meng Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medcine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Qishen granules inhibit myocardial inflammation injury through regulating arachidonic acid metabolism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36949. [PMID: 27833128 PMCID: PMC5105076 DOI: 10.1038/srep36949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Qishen granules (QSG), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been prescribed widely in the treatment of coronary heart diseases. Previous studies demonstrated that QSG had anti-inflammatory and cardio-protective effects in mice with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mechanisms by which QSG attenuate inflammation and prevent post-AMI heart failure (HF) are still unclear. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of QSG by in vitro and in vivo experiments. A novel inflammatory injury model of H9C2 cells was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage-conditioned media (CM). An animal model of AMI was conducted by ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in mice. We found that QSG inhibited release of cytokines from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and protected H9C2 cardiac cells against CM-induced injury. In vivo results showed that QSG administration could improve cardiac functions and alter pathological changes in model of AMI. QSG regulated multiple key molecules, including phospholipases A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs), in arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Interestingly, QSG also targeted TNF-α-NF-κB and IL-6-JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathways. Taken together, QSG achieve synergistic effects in mitigating post-AMI HF by regulating multiple targets in inflammatory pathways. This study provides insights into anti-inflammatory therapeutics in managing HF after AMI.
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Zhang H, Ma S, Feng Z, Wang D, Li C, Cao Y, Chen X, Liu A, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Zhang G, Chai Y, Wang L, Xie XQ. Cardiovascular Disease Chemogenomics Knowledgebase-guided Target Identification and Drug Synergy Mechanism Study of an Herbal Formula. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33963. [PMID: 27678063 PMCID: PMC5039409 DOI: 10.1038/srep33963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy is a popular treatment for various diseases in the clinic. Among the successful cases, Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) formulae can achieve synergistic effects in therapeutics and antagonistic effects in toxicity. However, characterizing the underlying molecular synergisms for the combination of drugs remains a challenging task due to high experimental expenses and complication of multicomponent herbal medicines. To understand the rationale of combination therapy, we investigated Sini Decoction, a well-known TCM consisting of three herbs, as a model. We applied our established diseases-specific chemogenomics databases and our systems pharmacology approach TargetHunter to explore synergistic mechanisms of Sini Decoction in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. (1) We constructed a cardiovascular diseases-specific chemogenomics database, including drugs, target proteins, chemicals, and associated pathways. (2) Using our implemented chemoinformatics tools, we mapped out the interaction networks between active ingredients of Sini Decoction and their targets. (3) We also in silico predicted and experimentally confirmed that the side effects can be alleviated by the combination of the components. Overall, our results demonstrated that our cardiovascular disease-specific database was successfully applied for systems pharmacology analysis of a complicated herbal formula in predicting molecular synergetic mechanisms, and led to better understanding of a combinational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shifan Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research; Drug Discovery Institute; Departments of Computational Biology and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research; Drug Discovery Institute; Departments of Computational Biology and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Dongyao Wang
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengjian Li
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Cao
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- College of pharmacy, Second Military Medical University; Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research; Drug Discovery Institute; Departments of Computational Biology and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research; Drug Discovery Institute; Departments of Computational Biology and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Cao Y, Wang J, Su G, Wu Y, Bai R, Zhang Q, Gao X, Li C, Chen S, Tu P, Chai X. Anti-myocardial ischemia effect of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. by inhibiting expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in myocardial tissues of mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 187:259-268. [PMID: 27130642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The peeled stem of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. (SP) is a traditional medicine in Inner Mongolia, China. The powder form of SP has been widely used for hundreds of years to relieve "He-Yi" related myocardial ischemia independently or in a traditional Chinese medicine preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS SP was extracted with 95% and 80% ethanol. Chemical profiling was performed using HPLC-DAD and IT-TOF-ESI-MS analyses. Myocardial ischemia was produced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to evaluate the anti-myocardial ischemia effect of SP. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=10 per group): a sham group, a model group, groups pretreated with SP at three dosages (20mg/kg, 40mg/kg, and 80mg/kg, intragastrically), and a positive control group (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA, 53mg/kg, intragastrically). Echocardiography was performed to determine heart function by measuring ejection fraction and fractional shortening. The levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum, and 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 both in plasma and in protein homogenate of myocardial tissue were also measured. The levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 in the heart tissue and their expressions in mouse myocardial tissue were determined using Western blot and an immunofluorescence assay, respectively. Inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition changes in the myocardial ischemic tissue were observed by pathological examination. RESULTS Intragastric pretreatment with SP produced a dose-dependent increase in cardiac function. SP at 80mg/kg significantly improved the EF (p<0.001) and FS (p<0.01) compared with the model group, as well as the levels of serum CK-MB and LDH decreased obviously (p<0.001), approaching those in the sham group. Besides, an obvious reduction in inflammatory cells infiltration and collagen deposition in the infarcted myocardial tissue was shown in each SP treatment group. In addition, SP increased 6-keto-PGF1α and decreased TXB2 levels in the plasma, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in the protein homogenate from the myocardial tissues at the infarction edge, but keeping balance the ratio of 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2, which is better than ASA in plasma. The mechanisms is associated with the downregulated expressions of COX-1 (p<0.05) and COX-2 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Ethanol extract of SP has a protective effect against myocardial ischemia via down regulation of COX-1 and COX-2 expression and by adjusting the ischemia-induced imbalance between 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2. This study shows substantial evidence to support the clinical application of SP and indicates that such medicine has great potential for treating ischemia-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Guozhu Su
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Bai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, Alashan East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia 750306, PR China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Fu B, Guo S, Yu X, Chang H, Wang W. Astragalus Salvia Granules to Benefit the Qi (Qishen Yiqi Keli) protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by suppressing oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Wang J, Lu L, Wang Y, Wu Y, Han J, Wang W, Li C, Tu P. Qishenyiqi Dropping Pill attenuates myocardial fibrosis in rats by inhibiting RAAS-mediated arachidonic acid inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:375-384. [PMID: 26590099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In China, Qishenyiqi Dropping Pill (QSDP), a Chinese medicine formula containing Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen and Dalbergia odorifera T.C.Chen, has been used frequently in traditional folk medicine for treatment of coronary heart diseases (CHD) and heart failure (HF). AIM OF STUDY Previous study has shown that QSDP has definite therapeutic effects on promoting the heart function on CHD patients. The present study was designed to study the anti-fibrosis effects of QSDP on HF rats and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS HF rat model was induced by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography was adopted to evaluate heart functions. Immunohistochemical (IHC) method and Western-blot were used to detect expression of critical proteins in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) or arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathway. RESULTS Heart functions were seriously injured in the model group. Expressions of fibrotic markers, such as collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ, matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 were elevated in the model group. RAAS pathway was activated. Interestingly, AA pathway was also up-regulated in the model group and it was down-regulated by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) drug Captopril. Expressions of the important signal-transuding proteins, including NF-κB, JAK1/STAT3 and Akt, all increased remarkably in the model group. Treatment with QSDP could attenuate myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting RAAS-activated pathway, as indicated by decreased angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1) and increased AT2 expression. Expressions of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) and COX2 were also down-regulated in the QSDP-treated group. In addition, "therapeutic" QSDP administration seemed to down-regulate expressions of NF-κB, JAK1/ STAT3 and Akt which may play important roles in myocardial fibrosis. CONCLUSION QSDP can exert anti-fibrosis effect by down-regulating RAAS pathway, and subsequently inhibiting expressions of proteins in AA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| | - Linghui Lu
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Jing Han
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Wang J, Li C, Cao Y, Wang Q, Lu L, Chang H, Wu Y, Han J, Wang W, Tu P, Wang Y. Mechanism of QSYQ on anti-apoptosis mediated by different subtypes of cyclooxygenase in AMI induced heart failure rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:352. [PMID: 26445960 PMCID: PMC4597456 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Qi-shen-yi-qi (QSYQ), one of the most well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas, has been shown to have cardioprotective effects in rats with heart failure (HF) induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects remain unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the mechanisms of QSYQ in preventing left ventricular remodelling in rats with HF. The anti-apoptosis an anti-inflammation effects of QSYQ were investigated. Methods Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, model group, QSYQ treatment group and aspirin group. Heart failure model was induced by ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. 28 days after surgery, hemodynamics were detected. Echocardiography was adopted to evaluate heart function. TUNEL assay was applied to assess myocardial apoptosis rates. Protein expressions of cyclooxygenase1 and 2 (COX1and COX2), Fas ligand (FasL), P53 and MDM2 were measured by western-blot. RT-PCR was applied to detect expressions of our subtype receptors of PGE2 (EP1, 2, 3, and 4). Results Ultrasonography showed that EF and FS values decreased significantly and abnormal hemodynamic alterations were observed in model group compared to sham group. These indications illustrated that HF models were successfully induced. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in myocardial tissue were up-regulated in the model group as compared to those in sham group. Western-blot analysis showed that cyclooxygenase 2, which is highly inducible by inflammatory cytokines, increased significantly. Moreover, RT-PCR showed that expressions of EP2 and EP4, which are the receptors of PGE2, were also up-regulated. Increased expressions of apoptotic pathway factors, including P53 and FasL, might be induced by the binding of PGE2 with EP2/4. MDM2, the inhibitor of P53, decreased in model group. TUNEL results manifested that apoptosis rates of myocardial cells increased in the model group. After treatment with QSYQ, expressions of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6 and COX2, were reduced. Expressions of EP2 and EP4 receptors also decreased, suggesting that PGE2-mediated apoptosis was inhibited by QSYQ. MDM2 was up-regulated and P53 and FasL in the apoptotic pathway were down-regulated. Apoptosis rates in myocardial tissue in the QSYQ group decreased compared with those in the model group. Conclusions QSYQ exerts cardiac protective efficacy mainly through inhibiting the inflammatory response and down-regulating apoptosis. The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis efficacies of QSYQ are probably achieved by inhibition of COXs-induced P53/FasL pathway. These findings provide experimental evidence for the beneficial effects of QSYQ in the clinical application for treating patients with HF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0869-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chen YY, Li Q, Pan CS, Yan L, Fan JY, He K, Sun K, Liu YY, Chen QF, Bai Y, Wang CS, He B, Lv AP, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills, a compound in Chinese medicine, protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy through a multi-component and multi-target mode. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11802. [PMID: 26136154 PMCID: PMC4488877 DOI: 10.1038/srep11802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the holistic mechanism for the antihypertrophic effect of a compound in Chinese medicine, QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) and the contributions of its components to the effect in rats with cardiac hypertrophy (CH). After induction of CH by ascending aortic stenosis, rats were treated with QSYQ, each identified active ingredient (astragaloside IV, 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid or notoginsenoside R1) from its 3 major herb components or dalbergia odorifera, either alone or combinations, for 1 month. QSYQ markedly attenuated CH, as evidenced by echocardiography, morphology and biochemistry. Proteomic analysis and western blot showed that the majority of differentially expressed proteins in the heart of QSYQ-treated rats were associated with energy metabolism or oxidative stress. Each ingredient alone or their combinations exhibited similar effects as QSYQ but to a lesser extent and differently with astragaloside IV and notoginsenoside R1 being more effective for enhancing energy metabolism, 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid more effective for counteracting oxidative stress while dalbergia odorifera having little effect on the variables evaluated. In conclusion, QSYQ exerts a more potent antihypertrophic effect than any of its ingredients or their combinations, due to the interaction of its active components through a multi-component and multi-target mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Chen
- 1] Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [4] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ke He
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- 1] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [2] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Fang Chen
- 1] Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [4] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-She Wang
- 1] Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [4] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bing He
- The School of Chinese Medicine of Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lv
- The School of Chinese Medicine of Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- 1] Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [3] Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China [4] Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Beijing, China
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Song J, Zhang W, Sun J, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Feng Z, Du GH. Pharmacokinetic study of salvianolic acid D after oral and intravenous administration in rats. Acta Pharm Sin B 2015; 5:246-53. [PMID: 26579453 PMCID: PMC4629266 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive, specific and rapid LC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of salvianolic acid D (SalD) in rat plasma. This method used a single quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. A single ion monitoring scanning (SIM) mode was employed. It showed good linearity over the concentration range from 3.3 to 666.7 ng/mL for the determination of SalD. The R.S.D.% of intra-day and inter-day precision values were no more than 7.69%, and the accuracy was within 91%−104% at all quality control levels. This LC-MS method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of SalD in rats. A two-compartmental model analysis was employed. The plasma concentrations at 2 min (C2min) were 5756.06±719.61, 11,073.01±1783.46 and 21,077.58±5581.97 μg/L for 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg intravenous injection, respectively. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 333.08±61.21 μg/L for 4 mg/kg oral administration. The area under curve (AUC0−t) was 14,384.379±8443.184, 22,813.369±11,860.823, 46,406.122±27,592.645 and 8201.740±4711.961 μg/L·h for intravenous injection (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and oral administration (4 mg/kg), respectively. The bioavailability of SalD was calculated to be 4.159%±0.517%.
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Key Words
- AUC, the area under curve
- Analysis method
- Bioavailability
- CI, confidence interval
- CL, clearance
- Cmax, peak plasma concentration
- Danshen
- Dose proportionality
- ECE-1, endothelin converting enzyme 1
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- IS, internal standard
- LC-MS
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- Pharmacokinetics
- QC, quality control
- R.E., relative error
- R.S.D., relative standard deviation
- SIM, single ion monitoring
- SalB, salvianolic acid B
- SalD, salvianolic acid D
- Salvia miltiorrhiza
- Salvianolic acid D
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- ULOQ, upper limit of quantification
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