1
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Wertman JN, Berman JN. Back to the future: evolutionary biology reveals a key regulatory switch in neuroblastoma pathogenesis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e167824. [PMID: 37183823 PMCID: PMC10178827 DOI: 10.1172/jci167824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
While MYCN expression is an important contributing factor to heterogeneity in the natural history of neuroblastoma (NBL), a mechanistic understanding of this often mutationally quiet tumor has remained elusive. In this issue of the JCI, Weichert-Leahey and authors focused on the adrenergic and mesenchymal core regulatory circuitries (CRC) as NBL transcriptional programs. The authors previously showed that overexpression of LIM-domain-only 1 (LMO1), a transcriptional coregulator, synergizes with MYCN to accelerate tumor formation and metastasis in an NBL-zebrafish model. They now demonstrate experimentally, using genome-edited zebrafish, that a polymorphism in the human rs2168101 locus of the LMO1 gene determines which CRC is active in a tumor. In some cases, LMO3 compensated for LMO1 loss and drove the adrenergic CRC in MYCN-positive NBL. This study exemplifies the value of evolutionary relationships and zebrafish models in the investigation of human disease and reveals pathways of NBL development that may affect prevention or intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime N. Wertman
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre and College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jason N. Berman
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Evaluating the RIST Molecular-Targeted Regimen in a Three-Dimensional Neuroblastoma Spheroid Cell Culture Model. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061749. [PMID: 36980635 PMCID: PMC10046822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The outcome for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma remains poor and novel treatment strategies are urgently needed. The RIST protocol represents a novel metronomic and multimodal treatment strategy for high-risk neuroblastoma combining molecular-targeted drugs as ‘pre-treatment’ with a conventional chemotherapy backbone, currently evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. For preclinical drug testing, cancer cell growth as spheroid compared to mo-nolayer cultures is of advantage since it reproduces a wide range of tumor characteristics, including the three-dimensional architecture and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. The objective of this study was to establish a neuroblastoma spheroid model for the rigorous assessment of the RIST treatment protocol. Methods: Evaluation of CSC marker expression was performed by mRNA and protein analysis and spheroid viability by luminescence-based assays. Aberrant expression of RNA-binding protein La in neuroblastoma was assessed by tissue microarray analysis and patients’ data mining. Results: Spheroid cultures showed increased expression of a subgroup of CSC-like markers (CXCR4, NANOG and BMI) and higher Thr389 phosphorylation of the neuroblastoma-associated RNA-binding protein La when compared to monolayer cultures. Molecular-targeted ‘pre-treatment’ of spheroids decreased neoplastic signaling and CSC marker expression. Conclusions: The RIST treatment protocol efficiently reduced the viability of neuroblastoma spheroids characterized by advanced CSC properties.
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3
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Łabędź W, Przybyla A, Zimna A, Dąbrowski M, Kubaszewski Ł. The Role of Cytokines in the Metastasis of Solid Tumors to the Spine: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043785. [PMID: 36835198 PMCID: PMC9962202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the role of cytokines in bone metastases, our knowledge of their function in spine metastasis is limited. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to map the available evidence on the involvement of cytokines in spine metastasis in solid tumors. A PubMed search identified 211 articles demonstrating a functional link between cytokines/cytokine receptors and bone metastases, including six articles confirming the role of cytokines/cytokine receptors in spine metastases. A total of 68 cytokines/cytokine receptors were identified to mediate bone metastases; 9 (mostly chemokines) played a role in spine metastases: CXC motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 5, CXCL12, CXC motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4, CXCR6, interleukin (IL) 10 in prostate cancer, CX3C motif chemokine ligand (CX3CL) 1 and CX3C motif chemokine receptor (CX3CR) 1 in liver cancer, CC motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 in breast cancer, and transforming growth factor (TGF) β in skin cancer. Except for CXCR6, all cytokines/cytokine receptors were shown to operate in the spine, with CX3CL1, CX3CR1, IL10, CCL2, CXCL12, and CXCR4 mediating bone marrow colonization, CXCL5 and TGFβ promoting tumor cell proliferation, and TGFβ additionally driving bone remodeling. The number of cytokines/cytokine receptors confirmed to mediate spinal metastasis is low compared with the vast spectrum of cytokines/cytokine receptors participating in other parts of the skeleton. Therefore, further research is needed, including validation of the role of cytokines mediating metastases to other bones, to precisely address the unmet clinical need associated with spine metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łabędź
- Adult Spine Orthopaedics Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-545 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (W.Ł.); (M.D.)
| | - Anna Przybyla
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zimna
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Dąbrowski
- Adult Spine Orthopaedics Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-545 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (W.Ł.); (M.D.)
| | - Łukasz Kubaszewski
- Adult Spine Orthopaedics Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-545 Poznan, Poland
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4
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Garcia-Gerique L, García M, Garrido-Garcia A, Gómez-González S, Torrebadell M, Prada E, Pascual-Pasto G, Muñoz O, Perez-Jaume S, Lemos I, Salvador N, Vila-Ubach M, Doncel-Requena A, Suñol M, Carcaboso AM, Mora J, Lavarino C. MIF/CXCR4 signaling axis contributes to survival, invasion, and drug resistance of metastatic neuroblastoma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:669. [PMID: 35715791 PMCID: PMC9206243 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone marrow (BM) is the most common site of dissemination in patients with aggressive, metastatic neuroblastoma (NB). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the aggressive behavior of NB cells in the BM niche are still greatly unknown. In the present study, we explored biological mechanisms that play a critical role in NB cell survival and progression in the BM and investigated potential therapeutic targets. METHODS Patient-derived bone marrow (BM) primary cultures were generated using fresh BM aspirates obtained from NB patients. NB cell lines were cultured in the presence of BM conditioned media containing cell-secreted factors, and under low oxygen levels (1% O2) to mimic specific features of the BM microenvironment of high-risk NB patients. The BM niche was explored using cytokine profiling assays, cell migration-invasion and viability assays, flow cytometry and analysis of RNA-sequencing data. Selective pharmacological inhibition of factors identified as potential mediators of NB progression within the BM niche was performed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We identified macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as a key inflammatory cytokine involved in BM infiltration. Cytokine profiling and RNA-sequencing data analysis revealed NB cells as the main source of MIF in the BM, suggesting a potential role of MIF in tumor invasion. Exposure of NB cells to BM-conditions increased NB cell-surface expression of the MIF receptor CXCR4, which was associated with increased cell viability, enhanced migration-invasion, and activation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Moreover, subcutaneous co-injection of NB and BM cells enhanced tumor engraftment in mice. MIF inhibition with 4-IPP impaired in vitro NB aggressiveness, and improved drug response while delayed NB growth, improving survival of the NB xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BM infiltration by NB cells may be mediated, in part, by MIF-CXCR4 signaling. We demonstrate the antitumor efficacy of MIF targeting in vitro and in vivo that could represent a novel therapeutic target for patients with disseminated high-risk NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garcia-Gerique
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta García
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Garrido-Garcia
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gómez-González
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Torrebadell
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Prada
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Pascual-Pasto
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Muñoz
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Perez-Jaume
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isadora Lemos
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noelia Salvador
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Vila-Ubach
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Doncel-Requena
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Suñol
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel M Carcaboso
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Mora
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona (PCCB), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. .,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona (PCCB), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Ban J, Fock V, Aryee DNT, Kovar H. Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment of Bone Metastases. Cells 2021; 10:2944. [PMID: 34831167 PMCID: PMC8616226 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone and bone marrow are among the most frequent metastatic sites of cancer. The occurrence of bone metastasis is frequently associated with a dismal disease outcome. The prevention and therapy of bone metastases is a priority in the treatment of cancer patients. However, current therapeutic options for patients with bone metastatic disease are limited in efficacy and associated with increased morbidity. Therefore, most current therapies are mainly palliative in nature. A better understanding of the underlying molecular pathways of the bone metastatic process is warranted to develop novel, well-tolerated and more successful treatments for a significant improvement of patients' quality of life and disease outcome. In this review, we provide comparative mechanistic insights into the bone metastatic process of various solid tumors, including pediatric cancers. We also highlight current and innovative approaches to biologically targeted therapy and immunotherapy. In particular, we discuss the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in the attraction, homing, dormancy and outgrowth of metastatic tumor cells and the ensuing therapeutic implications. Multiple signaling pathways have been described to contribute to metastatic spread to the bone of specific cancer entities, with most knowledge derived from the study of breast and prostate cancer. However, it is likely that similar mechanisms are involved in different types of cancer, including multiple myeloma, primary bone sarcomas and neuroblastoma. The metastatic rate-limiting interaction of tumor cells with the various cellular and noncellular components of the bone-marrow niche provides attractive therapeutic targets, which are already partially exploited by novel promising immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Ban
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (V.F.); (D.N.T.A.)
| | - Valerie Fock
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (V.F.); (D.N.T.A.)
| | - Dave N. T. Aryee
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (V.F.); (D.N.T.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinrich Kovar
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (V.F.); (D.N.T.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Wang XH, Zhang SF, Wu HY, Gao J, Wang XH, Gao TH. SOX17 inhibits proliferation and invasion of neuroblastoma through CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110093. [PMID: 34302955 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
SOX17 has been shown to be involved in the transcriptional regulation of CXCR4, and CXCL12 functions by binding to its receptor CXCR4. Here, we explored the expression of SOX17 in neuroblastoma (NB), its mutual regulation with CXCL12, and its effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Five human NB cell lines and 15 pairs of NB and adjacent tissue specimens were used, to conduct RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, western blot, ELISA, CCK-8, colony formation, Edu, transwell, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and dual-luciferase assays, to study the role of SOX17 in NB. SOX17 levels were reduced in both NB tissues and cell lines. SOX17 inhibited NB tumor growth, migration and invasion in vivo and suppressed NB cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. SOX17 knockdown or overexpression revealed a negative correlation between SOX17 and CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway activation. ChIP and dual-luciferase assays in NB cells demonstrated that SOX17 significantly inhibited CXCL12 gene and protein levels by binding to CXCL12 promoter regions. In vivo and in vitro experiments using the CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, demonstrated that cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly abrogated by AMD3100 in NB cells with SOX17 knocked down. Further, AMD3100 impaired growth of NB tumors with SOX17 knocked down in mice. Importantly, SOX17 bound to the CXCL12 promoter, which then activated downstream targets to regulate cell viability, proliferation, and migration. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that SOX17 expression is repressed in NB tissues and cells, and that SOX17 suppresses NB tumor formation and proliferation through inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Hai-Ying Wu
- Obstetrical Department, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Tian-Hui Gao
- Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, PR China
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7
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Santagata S, Ieranò C, Trotta AM, Capiluongo A, Auletta F, Guardascione G, Scala S. CXCR4 and CXCR7 Signaling Pathways: A Focus on the Cross-Talk Between Cancer Cells and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:591386. [PMID: 33937018 PMCID: PMC8082172 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.591386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and 7 (CXCR7) are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated through their shared ligand CXCL12 in multiple human cancers. They play a key role in the tumor/tumor microenvironment (TME) promoting tumor progression, targeting cell proliferation and migration, while orchestrating the recruitment of immune and stromal cells within the TME. CXCL12 excludes T cells from TME through a concentration gradient that inhibits immunoactive cells access and promotes tumor vascularization. Thus, dual CXCR4/CXCR7 inhibition will target different cancer components. CXCR4/CXCR7 antagonism should prevent the development of metastases by interfering with tumor cell growth, migration and chemotaxis and favoring the frequency of T cells in TME. Herein, we discuss the current understanding on the role of CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 cross-talk in tumor progression and immune cells recruitment providing support for a combined CXCR4/CXCR7 targeting therapy. In addition, we consider emerging approaches that coordinately target both immune checkpoints and CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Santagata
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Caterina Ieranò
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Trotta
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Capiluongo
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Auletta
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guardascione
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Scala
- Research Department, Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
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8
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Abstract
Informative and realistic mouse models of high-risk neuroblastoma are central to understanding mechanisms of tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. They also play vital roles in validating tumour drivers and drug targets, as platforms for assessment of new therapies and in the generation of drug sensitivity data that can inform treatment decisions for individual patients. This review will describe genetically engineered mouse models of specific subsets of high-risk neuroblastoma, the development of patient-derived xenograft models that more broadly represent the diversity and heterogeneity of the disease, and models of primary and metastatic disease. We discuss the research applications, advantages, and limitations of each model type, the importance of model repositories and data standards for supporting reproducible, high-quality research, and potential future directions for neuroblastoma mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Kamili
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Caroline Atkinson
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Toby N Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia. .,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Blavier L, Yang RM, DeClerck YA. The Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma: New Players, New Mechanisms of Interaction and New Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102912. [PMID: 33050533 PMCID: PMC7599920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the tumor microenvironment (TME) to cancer progression has been well recognized in recent decades. As cancer therapeutic strategies are increasingly precise and include immunotherapies, knowledge of the nature and function of the TME in a tumor becomes essential. Our understanding of the TME in neuroblastoma (NB), the second most common solid tumor in children, has significantly progressed from an initial focus on its Schwannian component to a better awareness of its complex nature, which includes not only immune but also non-immune cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the contribution of which to inflammation and interaction with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is now recognized. Recent studies on the TME landscape of NB tumors also suggest significant differences between MYCN-amplified (MYCN-A) and non-amplified (MYCN-NA) tumors, in their content in stromal and inflammatory cells and their immunosuppressive activity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cells in the TME and microRNAs (miRs) present in their cargo could play important roles in the communication between NB cells and the TME. This review article discusses these new aspects of the TME in NB and the impact that information on the TME landscape in NB will have in the design of precise, biomarker-integrated clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Blavier
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ren-Ming Yang
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yves A. DeClerck
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-323-382-5548 or +1-323-361-5648
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10
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Abstract
To better understand developments in treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system, and the pivotal roles of native somatostatin and its long-acting analogues play in normal peptide regulation and neuropeptide excess associated with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), this article delineates and defines distinct eras in the history and discovery of gastrointestinal endocrinology. We highlight the collaboration between academia and industry in basic science and the clinical research that advanced Lu-177-DOTATATE to approval as standard of care therapy for low-grade NETs. Examples of new radioisotopes and therapy compounds currently in development for diagnosis and therapy for high-grade NETs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M O'Dorisio
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Room E401-5 GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
| | - Alan G Harris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - M Sue O'Dorisio
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Room 1300-28 BT, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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11
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Vieira-Filho DRM, Amarante MK, Ishibashi CM, Ariza CB, Vitiello GAF, de Oliveira KB, Guembarovski RL, Watanabe MAE. CCR5 and CXCL12 allelic variants: Possible association with childhood neuroblastoma susceptibility? J Neuroimmunol 2020; 342:577193. [PMID: 32145532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous and particularly malignant childhood neoplasm in its higher stages, prone to form metastasis in selected organs and for which there is still no efficient treatment available beyond surgery. Evidence indicates that chemokines and their receptors present involvement as mediators of neuroinflammation and have a neurophysiological role. In the present study, we aimed to verify if CCR5 (rs333) and CXCL12 (rs1801157) allelic variants were associated with NB. For CCR5 (rs333) D32 carriers (OR: 5.96, IC: 2.21-16.06) and for CXCL12 genotype 3'A/3'A (OR:26.18, IC:6.15-111.4) there were statistically significant differences as well to allelic frequency (OR:4.20, IC: 2.19-8.03). Although no correlation was verified regarding prognostic parameters for both CCR5 and CXCL12 polymorphic variants, these polymorphisms may be associated with NB susceptibility which deserve attention for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marla Karine Amarante
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Cyntia Mayumi Ishibashi
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Glauco Akelinghton Freire Vitiello
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Karen Brajão de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberta Losi Guembarovski
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Ehara Watanabe
- Laboratory of DNA Polymorphisms and Immunology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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12
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Nolan JC, Frawley T, Tighe J, Soh H, Curtin C, Piskareva O. Preclinical models for neuroblastoma: Advances and challenges. Cancer Lett 2020; 474:53-62. [PMID: 31962141 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system and the most common solid tumour of infancy, contributing to 15% of paediatric oncology deaths. Current therapies are not effective in the long-term treatment of almost 80% of patients with this clinically aggressive disease. The primary challenge in the identification and validation of new agents for paediatric drug development is the accurate representation of tumour biology and diversity. In addition to this limitation, the low incidence of neuroblastoma makes the recruitment of eligible patients for early phase clinical trials highly challenging and highlights the need for robust preclinical testing to ensure that the best treatments are selected. The research field requires new preclinical models, technologies, and concepts to tackle these problems. Tissue engineering offers attractive tools to assist in the development of three-dimensional (3D) cell models using various biomaterials and manufacturing approaches that recreate the geometry, mechanics, heterogeneity, metabolic gradients, and cell communication of the native tumour microenvironment. In this review, we discuss current experimental models and assess their abilities to reflect the structural organisation and physiological conditions of the human body, in addition to current and new techniques to recapitulate the tumour niche using tissue-engineered platforms. Finally, we will discuss the possible use of novel 3D in vitro culture systems to address open questions in neuroblastoma biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Nolan
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Frawley
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Tighe
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Soh
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Curtin
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - O Piskareva
- Cancer Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland.
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13
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Delloye-Bourgeois C, Castellani V. Hijacking of Embryonic Programs by Neural Crest-Derived Neuroblastoma: From Physiological Migration to Metastatic Dissemination. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:52. [PMID: 30881286 PMCID: PMC6405627 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the developing organism, complex molecular programs orchestrate the generation of cells in adequate numbers, drive them to migrate along the correct pathways towards appropriate territories, eliminate superfluous cells, and induce terminal differentiation of survivors into the appropriate cell-types. Despite strict controls constraining developmental processes, malignancies can emerge in still immature organisms. This is the case of neuroblastoma (NB), a highly heterogeneous disease, predominantly affecting children before the age of 5 years. Highly metastatic forms represent half of the cases and are diagnosed when disseminated foci are detectable. NB arise from a transient population of embryonic cells, the neural crest (NC), and especially NC committed to the establishment of the sympatho-adrenal tissues. The NC is generated at the dorsal edge of the neural tube (NT) of the vertebrate embryo, under the action of NC specifier gene programs. NC cells (NCCs) undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and engage on a remarkable journey in the developing embryo, contributing to a plethora of cell-types and tissues. Various NCC sub-populations and derived lineages adopt specific migratory behaviors, moving individually as well as collectively, exploiting the different embryonic substrates they encounter along their path. Here we discuss how the specific features of NCC in development are re-iterated during NB metastatic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Delloye-Bourgeois
- University of Lyon, University of Lyon 1 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, NeuroMyoGene Institute, CNRS UMR5310, INSERM U1217, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Castellani
- University of Lyon, University of Lyon 1 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, NeuroMyoGene Institute, CNRS UMR5310, INSERM U1217, Lyon, France
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14
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Mlakar V, Jurkovic Mlakar S, Lesne L, Marino D, Rathi KS, Maris JM, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. PRIMA-1 MET-induced neuroblastoma cell death is modulated by p53 and mycn through glutathione level. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:69. [PMID: 30755224 PMCID: PMC6373164 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. This cancer has a low frequency of TP53 mutations and its downstream pathway is usually intact. This study assessed the efficacy of the p53 activator, PRIMA-1MET, in inducing neuroblastoma cell death. Methods CellTiter 2.0 was used to study susceptibility and specificity of NB cell lines to PRIMA-1MET. Real-time PCR and western blot were used to assess the most common p53 transactivation targets. Induction of p53 and Noxa, and inhibition of Cas3/7, were used to assess impact on cell death after PRIMA-1MET treatment. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle phase and induction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. Results Neuroblastoma cell lines were at least four times more susceptible to PRIMA-1MET than were primary fibroblasts and keratinocyte cell lines. PRIMA-1MET induced cell death rapidly and in all cell cycle phases. Although PRIMA-1MET activated p53 transactivation activity, p53’s role is likely limited because its main targets remained unaffected, whereas pan-caspase inhibitor demonstrated no ability to prevent cell death. PRIMA-1MET induced oxidative stress and modulated the methionine/cysteine/glutathione axis. Variations of MYCN and p53 modulated intracellular levels of GSH and resulted in increased/decreased sensitivity of PRIMA-1MET. PRIMA-1MET inhibited thioredoxin reductase, but the effect of PRIMA-1MET was not altered by thioredoxin inhibition. Conclusions PRIMA-1MET could be a promising new agent to treat neuroblastoma because it demonstrated good anti-tumor action. Although p53 is involved in PRIMA-1MET-mediated cell death, our results suggest that direct interaction with p53 has a limited role in neuroblastoma but rather acts through modulation of GSH levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1066-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Lesne
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denis Marino
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Komal S Rathi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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15
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Exosomal Expression of CXCR4 Targets Cardioprotective Vesicles to Myocardial Infarction and Improves Outcome after Systemic Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030468. [PMID: 30678240 PMCID: PMC6386845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has been evaluated to enhance heart function after injury. Delivered cells mostly act via paracrine mechanisms, including secreted growth factors, cytokines, and vesicles, such as exosomes (Exo). Intramyocardial injection of cardiac-resident progenitor cells (CPC)-derived Exo reduced scarring and improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction in rats. Here, we explore a clinically relevant approach to enhance the homing process to cardiomyocytes (CM), which is crucial for therapeutic efficacy upon systemic delivery of Exo. By overexpressing exosomal CXCR4, we increased the efficacy of plasmatic injection of cardioprotective Exo-CPC by increasing their bioavailability to ischemic hearts. Intravenous injection of ExoCXCR4 significantly reduced infarct size and improved left ventricle ejection fraction at 4 weeks compared to ExoCTRL (p < 0.01). Hemodynamic measurements showed that ExoCXCR4 improved dp/dt min, as compared to ExoCTRL and PBS group. In vitro, ExoCXCR4 was more bioactive than ExoCTRL in preventing CM death. This in vitro effect was independent from SDF-1α, as shown by using AMD3100 as specific CXCR4 antagonist. We showed, for the first time, that systemic administration of Exo derived from CXCR4-overexpressing CPC improves heart function in a rat model of ischemia reperfusion injury These data represent a substantial step toward clinical application of Exo-based therapeutics in cardiovascular disease.
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16
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Zhao K, Wang Z, Hackert T, Pitzer C, Zöller M. Tspan8 and Tspan8/CD151 knockout mice unravel the contribution of tumor and host exosomes to tumor progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:312. [PMID: 30541597 PMCID: PMC6292129 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tetraspanins Tspan8 and CD151 promote metastasis, exosomes (Exo) being suggested to be important in the crosstalk between tumor and host. The contribution of Tspan8 and CD151 to host versus tumor-derived exosome (TEX) activities being not defined, we approached the questions using 3-methylcholanthrene-induced (MCA) tumors from wt, Tspan8ko, CD151ko and Tspan8/CD151 (db)ko mice, implanted into tetraspanin-competent and deficient hosts. METHODS Tumor growth and dissemination, hematopoiesis and angiogenesis were surveyed in wild type (wt), Tspan8ko, CD151ko and dbko mice bearing tetraspanin-competent and -deficient MCA tumors. In vitro studies using tumor cells, bone marrow cells (BMC) and endothelial cells (EC) elaborated the mechanism of serum (s)Exo- and TEX-induced target modulation. RESULTS Tumors grew in autochthonous and syngeneic hosts differing in Tspan8- and/or CD151-competence. However, Tspan8ko- and/or CD151ko-tumor cell dissemination and settlement in metastatic organs was significantly reduced in the autochthonous host, and less severely in the wt-host. Impaired wt-MCA tumor dissemination in the ko-host confirmed a contribution of host- and tumor-Tspan8/-CD151 to tumor cell dissemination, delivery of sExo and TEX being severely impaired by a Tspan8ko/CD151ko. Coculturing tumor cells, BMC and EC with sExo and TEX revealed minor defects in epithelial mesenchymal transition and apoptosis resistance of ko tumors. Strongly reduced migratory and invasive capacity of Tspan8ko/CD151ko-MCA relies on distorted associations with integrins and CAM and missing Tspan8/CD151-promoted recruitment of proteases. The defects, differing between Tspan8ko- and CD151ko-MCA, were rescued by wt-TEX and, less efficiently Tspan8ko- and CD151ko-TEX. Minor defects in hematopoietic progenitor maturation were based on the missing association of hematopoietic growth factors /- receptors with CD151 and, less pronounced, Tspan8. Rescue of impaired angiogenesis in ko mice by wt-sExo and promotion of angiogenesis by TEX depended on the association of Tspan8 and CD151 with GPCR and RTK in EC and tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Tspan8-/CD151-TEX play central roles in tumor progression. Tspan8-/CD151-sExo and TEX contribute by stimulating angiogenesis. Tspan8 and CD151 fulfill these tasks by associating with function-relevant proteins, the additive impact of Tspan8 and CD151 relying on differences in preferred associations. The distinct Tspan8 and CD151 contributions suggest a blockade of TEX-Tspan8 and -CD151 promising for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhe Wang
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Present Address: Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Pitzer
- Interdisciplinary Neurobehavioral Core, Institute of Pharmacology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margot Zöller
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Hersi HM, Raulf N, Gaken J, Folarin N, Tavassoli M. MicroRNA-9 inhibits growth and invasion of head and neck cancer cells and is a predictive biomarker of response to plerixafor, an inhibitor of its target CXCR4. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:2023-2041. [PMID: 29959873 PMCID: PMC6275261 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are associated with poor morbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies are highly toxic and do not benefit over 50% of patients. There is therefore a crucial need for predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers to allow treatment stratification for individual patients. One class of biomarkers that has recently gained importance are microRNA (miRNA). MiRNA are small, noncoding molecules which regulate gene expression post‐transcriptionally. We performed miRNA expression profiling of a cohort of head and neck tumours with known clinical outcomes. The results showed miR‐9 to be significantly downregulated in patients with poor treatment outcome, indicating its role as a potential biomarker in HNSCC. Overexpression of miR‐9 in HNSCC cell lines significantly decreased cellular proliferation and inhibited colony formation in soft agar. Conversely, miR‐9 knockdown significantly increased both these features. Importantly, endogenous CXCR4 expression levels, a known target of miR‐9, inversely correlated with miR‐9 expression in a panel of HNSCC cell lines tested. Induced overexpression of CXCR4 in low expressing cells increased proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, CXCR4‐specific ligand, CXCL12, enhanced cellular proliferation, migration, colony formation and invasion in CXCR4‐overexpressing and similarly in miR‐9 knockdown cells. CXCR4‐specific inhibitor plerixafor abrogated the oncogenic phenotype of CXCR4 overexpression as well as miR‐9 knockdown. Our data demonstrate a clear role for miR‐9 as a tumour suppressor microRNA in HNSCC, and its role seems to be mediated through CXCR4 suppression. MiR‐9 knockdown, similar to CXCR4 overexpression, significantly promoted aggressive HNSCC tumour cell characteristics. Our results suggest CXCR4‐specific inhibitor plerixafor as a potential therapeutic agent, and miR‐9 as a possible predictive biomarker of treatment response in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Raulf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King's College London, UK
| | - Joop Gaken
- Department of Haematological Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King's College London, UK
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18
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Phattarataratip E, Dhanuthai K. Expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 4 and 7 in salivary gland neoplasms. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Anderson J. Unleashing the immune response against childhood solid cancers. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28383769 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has come to the fore fuelled by impressive clinical responses to checkpoint inhibitor antibodies in a range of adult malignancies and by the success of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting adult and pediatric B-cell malignancies. Clearly, if appropriately fine-tuned, the immune system has the capability to seek out and destroy cancer. Studies in pediatric solid cancers so far have not shown the therapeutic potential checkpoint inhibitors described in adult cancers and this may reflect fewer tumor-associated antigens or different immune evasion mechanisms. One potential approach to overcome these limitations will be to combine interventions to undermine immune evasion mechanisms with engineered T-cell adoptive transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Anderson
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Puddinu V, Casella S, Radice E, Thelen S, Dirnhofer S, Bertoni F, Thelen M. ACKR3 expression on diffuse large B cell lymphoma is required for tumor spreading and tissue infiltration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85068-85084. [PMID: 29156704 PMCID: PMC5689594 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent lymphoma accounting for more than the 30% of the cases. Involvement of extranodal sites, such as bone marrow and central nervous system, is associated with poor prognosis. A contribution of the chemokine system in these processes is assumed as it is known as a critical regulator of the metastatic process in cancer. The atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), which does not couple to G-proteins and does not mediate cell migration, acts as a scavenger for CXCL11 and CXCL12, interfering with the tumor homing CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Here, functional expression of ACKR3 in DLBCL cells was necessary for colonization of the draining lymph node in an in vivo subcutaneous lymphoma model. Moreover, in a disseminated in vivo lymphoma model, ACKR3 expression was required for bone marrow and brain invasion and local tumor growth. The present data unveil ACKR3 as potential therapeutic target for the control of tumor dissemination in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Puddinu
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Casella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Egle Radice
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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21
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Kamga PT, Simo RT, Vecchio L, Seke Etet PF, Muller JM, Bassi G, Lukong E, Goel RK, Amvene JM, Krampera M. Mesenchymal stromal cells' role in tumor microenvironment: involvement of signaling pathways. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:129-141. [PMID: 28607804 PMCID: PMC5444925 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells residing as pericytes in various tissues and organs where they can differentiate into specialized cells to replace dying cells and damaged tissues. These cells are commonly found at injury sites and in tumors that are known to behave like " wounds that do not heal." In this article, we discuss the mechanisms of MSCs in migrating, homing, and repairing injured tissues. We also review a number of reports showing that tumor microenvironment triggers plasticity mechanisms in MSCs to induce malignant neoplastic tissue formation, maintenance, and chemoresistance, as well as tumor growth. The antitumor properties and therapeutic potential of MSCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Takam Kamga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Richard Tagne Simo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | | | - Jean Marc Muller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Giulio Bassi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Erique Lukong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Raghuveera Kumar Goel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Jeremie Mbo Amvene
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
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22
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CXCR4 signaling in health and disease. Immunol Lett 2016; 177:6-15. [PMID: 27363619 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors regulate multiple processes such morphogenesis, angiogenesis and immune responses. Among the chemokine receptors, CXCR4 stands out for its pleiotropic roles as well as for its involvement in several pathological conditions, including immune diseases, viral infections and cancer. For these reasons, CXCR4 represents a crucial target in drug development. In this review, we discuss of CXCR4 receptor properties and signaling in health and diseases, focusing on the WHIM syndrome, an inherited immunodeficiency caused by mutations of the CXCR4 gene.
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23
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Flüh C, Hattermann K, Mehdorn HM, Synowitz M, Held-Feindt J. Differential expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 with various stem cell markers in paired human primary and recurrent glioblastomas. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1408-16. [PMID: 26821357 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12 (also termed SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor-1) and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 are known to play a pivotal role in tumor progression including glioblastomas (GBM). Previous investigations focused on the expression and functional roles of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in different GBM cell subpopulations, but comparative analysis in matched primary versus recurrent GBM samples are still lacking. Thus, here we investigated the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 on mRNA and protein level using matched primary and recurrent GBM pairs. Additionally, as GBM CXCR4-positive stem-like cells are supposed to give rise to recurrence, we compared the expression of both receptors in primary and recurrent GBM cells expressing either neural (MUSASHI-1) or embryonic stem cell markers (KLF-4, OCT-4, SOX-2, NANOG). We were able to show that both CXCR4 and CXCR7 were expressed at considerable mRNA and protein levels. CXCR7 was downregulated in relapse cases, and different groups regarding CXCR4/CXCR7 expression differences between primary and recurrent samples could be distinguished. A co-expression of both receptors was rare. In line with this, CXCR4 was co-expressed with all investigated neural and embryonic stem cell markers in both primary and recurrent tissues, whereas CXCR7 was mostly found on stem cell marker-negative cells, but was co-expressed with KLF-4 on a distinct GBM cell subpopulation. These results point to an individual role of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in stem cell marker-positive GBM cells in glioma progression and underline the opportunity to develop new therapeutic tools for GBM intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Flüh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - H Maximilian Mehdorn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
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24
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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