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Verkkoniemi-Ahola A, Hartikainen P, Hassi K, Kuusisto H, Lahdenperä S, Mehtälä J, Viitala M, Ylisaukko-oja T, Soilu-Hänninen M. Real-world treatment outcomes and safety of natalizumab in Finnish multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2023; 9:20552173231204466. [PMID: 37808458 PMCID: PMC10552456 DOI: 10.1177/20552173231204466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The primary objective was to evaluate long-term treatment persistence and safety of natalizumab in Finnish multiple sclerosis patients. The secondary objectives were to assess patient characteristics, use of natalizumab-related safety protocol, and treatment persistence in patients with different anti-John Cunningham virus antibody statuses (John Cunningham virus status). Materials & Methods All adult multiple sclerosis patients in the Finnish multiple sclerosis register who started natalizumab between 1/2006 and 12/2018 were included in this study and followed retrospectively until treatment discontinuation or end of follow-up (12/2019). Results In total, 850 patients were included. Median duration of natalizumab treatment was 7.8 years in John Cunningham virus negative (n = 229) and 2.1 years in John Cunningham virus positive patients (n = 115; p < 0.001). The most common cause for treatment discontinuation was John Cunningham virus positivity. After natalizumab discontinuation, patients who had a washout duration of less than 6 weeks had fewer relapses during the first 6 months (p = 0.012) and 12 months (p = 0.005) compared with patients who had a washout duration of over 6 weeks. During the median follow-up of 3.6 years, 76% of patients remained stable or improved on their Expanded Disability Status Scale. Conclusions Treatment persistence was very high among John Cunningham virus negative patients. The study supports long-term effectiveness of natalizumab and a washout duration of less than 6 weeks after discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auli Verkkoniemi-Ahola
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Hartikainen
- Neuro Center, Neurology Outpatient Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Hanna Kuusisto
- Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Tero Ylisaukko-oja
- MedEngine Oy, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Soilu-Hänninen
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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3
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Guger M, Enzinger C, Leutmezer F, Di Pauli F, Kraus J, Kalcher S, Kvas E, Berger T. Long-term outcome and predictors of long-term disease activity in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis: real life data from the Austrian MS Treatment Registry. J Neurol 2021; 268:4303-4310. [PMID: 33890167 PMCID: PMC8505366 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10559-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate long-term effectiveness of natalizumab (NTZ) and to determine demographic, clinical, and radiological predictors regarding long-term disease activity (≥ 7 years) in a nationwide observational cohort, using data collected prospectively in a real-life setting. Materials and methods We analysed data from 230 patients from the Austrian Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Registry (AMSTR), who had started treatment with NTZ at any time since 2006 and stayed on NTZ for at least 7 years without treatment gap of more than three months. Results Estimated mean annualised relapse rates (ARR) over a mean treatment period of 9.3 years were 0.07 for NTZ. Sustained EDSS progression for 12 weeks was observed in 36 (19%) patients and for 24 weeks in 31 (16.3%) cases. Sustained EDSS regression for 12 and 24 weeks was seen in 45 (23.7%) and 42 (22.1%) cases. The baseline parameters ≥ 1 Gadolinium-enhancing MRI lesion(s) [incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.409 (95% CI 0.283–0.593), p = 0.001], ARR ≤ 1 in the prior 12 month before treatment initiation with NTZ [IRR of 0.353 (95% CI 0.200–0.623), p = 0.001] and EDSS ≤ 1 [incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.081 (95% CI 0.011–0.581), p = 0.012] were significantly associated with a reduced relapse risk, whereas a disease duration ≤ 5 years increased significantly the ARR [IRR of 1.851 (95% CI 1.249–2.743), p = 0.002]. The only predictive baseline parameter for experiencing EDSS progression (sustained for 12 and 24 weeks) was age > 35 years [HR of 2.482 (95% CI 1.110–5.549), p = 0.027, and HR of 2.492 (95% CI 1.039–5.978), p = 0.041, respectively]. Conclusions These real-life data show a stable disease course regarding relapse activity and disease progression under NTZ treatment for more than 7 years. The main predictors for disease activity were higher relapse rate before treatment initiation, higher disability, shorter disease duration and absence of Gadolinium-enhancing MRI lesions at baseline. Older age at NTZ start was the only significant risk factor for disease progression over long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Guger
- Clinic for Neurology 2, Med Campus III, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Krankenhausstr. 9, 4021, Linz, Austria. .,Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
| | | | - Fritz Leutmezer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Di Pauli
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jörg Kraus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University and Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Toboso I, Tejeda-Velarde A, Alvarez-Lafuente R, Arroyo R, Hegen H, Deisenhammer F, Sainz de la Maza S, Alvarez-Cermeño JC, Izquierdo G, Paramo D, Oliva P, Casanova B, Agüera-Morales E, Franciotta D, Gastaldi M, Fernández O, Urbaneja P, Garcia-Dominguez JM, Romero F, Laroni A, Uccelli A, Perez-Sempere A, Saiz A, Blanco Y, Galimberti D, Scarpini E, Espejo C, Montalban X, Rasche L, Paul F, González I, Álvarez E, Ramo C, Caminero AB, Aladro Y, Calles C, Eguía P, Belenguer-Benavides A, Ramió-Torrentà L, Quintana E, Martínez-Rodríguez JE, Oterino A, López de Silanes C, Casanova LI, Landete L, Frederiksen J, Bsteh G, Mulero P, Comabella M, Hernández MA, Espiño M, Prieto JM, Pérez D, Otano M, Padilla F, García-Merino JA, Navarro L, Muriel A, Frossard LC, Villar LM. New Algorithms Improving PML Risk Stratification in MS Patients Treated With Natalizumab. Front Neurol 2020; 11:579438. [PMID: 33408681 PMCID: PMC7780851 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.579438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overview: We assessed the role of age and disease activity as new factors contributing to establish the risk of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab in 36 University Hospitals in Europe. We performed the study in 1,307 multiple sclerosis patients (70.8% anti-John Cunninghan virus positive antibodies) treated with natalizumab for a median time of 3.28 years. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory variables were collected. Lipid-specific IgM oligoclonal band status was available in 277 patients. Factors associated with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy onset were explored by uni- and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Thirty-five patients developed progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. The multivariate analysis identified anti-John Cunninghan virus antibody indices and relapse rate as the best predictors for the onset of this serious opportunistic infection in the whole cohort. They allowed to stratify progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy risk before natalizumab initiation in individual patients [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.85]. The risk ranged from <1/3,300 in patients with anti-John Cunninghan virus antibody indices <0.9 and relapse rate >0.5, to 1/50 in the opposite case. In patients with lipid-specific IgM oligoclonal bands assessment, age at natalizumab onset, anti-John Cunninghan virus antibody indices, and lipid-specific IgM oligoclonal band status predicted progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy risk (AUC = 0.92). The absence of lipid-specific IgM oligoclonal bands was the best individual predictor (OR = 40.94). The individual risk ranged from <1/10,000 in patients younger than 45 years at natalizumab initiation, who showed anti John Cunningham virus antibody indices <0.9 and lipid-specific IgM oligoclonal bands to 1/33 in the opposite case. Conclusions: In a perspective of personalized medicine, disease activity, anti-lipid specific IgM oligoclonal bands, anti Jonh Cunninghan virus antibody levels, and age can help tailor natalizumab therapy in multiple sclerosis patients, as predictors of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Toboso
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Alvarez-Lafuente
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IDISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Arroyo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Quiron Salud, Madrid, Spain
| | - Harald Hegen
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Guillermo Izquierdo
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Dolores Paramo
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Oliva
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Diego Franciotta
- Istituti di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gastaldi
- Istituti di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Oscar Fernández
- Neurology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario, Malaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Urbaneja
- Neurology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Romero
- Neurology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Laroni
- University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angel Perez-Sempere
- Neurology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Albert Saiz
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Blanco
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Centro Dino Ferrari, Fondazione Ca' Granda, Istituti di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Centro Dino Ferrari, Fondazione Ca' Granda, Istituti di Recovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Espejo
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ludwig Rasche
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inés González
- Neurology Department, Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena Álvarez
- Neurology Department, Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristina Ramo
- Neurology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ana B Caminero
- Neurology Department, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles, Avila, Spain
| | - Yolanda Aladro
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Carmen Calles
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pablo Eguía
- Neurology Department, Hospital Doctor Jose Molina Orosa, Arrecife, Spain
| | | | | | - Ester Quintana
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Oterino
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Luis I Casanova
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | - Lamberto Landete
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Gabriel Bsteh
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patricia Mulero
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Hernández
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Mercedes Espiño
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Prieto
- Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Domingo Pérez
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - María Otano
- Neurology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Navarro
- Neurology Department, Hospital General de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Alfonso Muriel
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Univesitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramon y Cajal para la Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luisa M Villar
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Butzkueven H, Kappos L, Wiendl H, Trojano M, Spelman T, Chang I, Kasliwal R, Jaitly S, Campbell N, Ho PR, Licata S. Long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab treatment in clinical practice: 10 years of real-world data from the Tysabri Observational Program (TOP). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:660-668. [PMID: 32234967 PMCID: PMC7279201 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Tysabri Observational Programme (TOP), which began >10 years ago, is an open-label, multinational, prospective observational study evaluating the long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. METHODS These data provide a 10-year interim analysis of safety and effectiveness in TOP. Annualised relapse rates (ARRs) and disability progression/improvement were analysed using the Poisson model and the Kaplan-Meier method, respectively. Analyses included patients on natalizumab and those who discontinued natalizumab but remained in TOP. RESULTS As of November 2017, TOP included 6148 patients. Overall, 829 patients (13.5%) experienced ≥1 serious adverse event (SAE), with infection the most common (4.1%). Fifty-three patients (0.9%) had confirmed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. SAE data were consistent with natalizumab's known safety profile; no new safety signals were identified. A total of 3210 patients (52.2%) discontinued natalizumab; 2117 (34.4%) withdrew from TOP. Median time on natalizumab was 3.3 (range 0-11.6) years; median follow-up time was 5.2 (range 0-10.8) years. The on-natalizumab ARR was 0.15, a 92.5% reduction from the year before initiation. Ten-year cumulative probabilities of disability worsening and improvement were 27.8% and 33.1%, respectively. On-natalizumab ARRs were similar between patients who discontinued or remained on natalizumab, suggesting limited attrition bias. CONCLUSIONS Since the TOP 5-year interim analysis (December 2012), cohort size (6148 vs 4821), median exposure (3.3 vs 1.8 years) and median follow-up time (62 vs 26 months) have increased. This 10-year interim analysis further supports the robust real-world effectiveness and well-established safety profile of natalizumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00493298.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Butzkueven
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Alfred Campus, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, Biomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tim Spelman
- Department of Medicine and Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ih Chang
- Biostatistics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachna Kasliwal
- Safety and Benefit Risk, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (at the time of these analyses)
| | - Seema Jaitly
- Safety and Benefit Risk, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (at the time of these analyses)
| | | | - Pei-Ran Ho
- Global Medical, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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