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McPherson CB, O'Donnell L, Moes E, Edgar H. No relationship found between dental fluctuating asymmetry, birthweight, and birth term in two modern North American samples. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24114. [PMID: 38842218 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deciduous dental crowns primarily develop during gestation and early infancy and embody early life stress exposures. Composite measures of dental fluctuating asymmetry (DFA) generated from the deciduous teeth may therefore indicate cumulative gestational stress in developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) studies. This study examines whether higher composite measures of deciduous DFA are associated with low birthweight and prematurity, two aspects of birth phenotype consistently associated with increased morbidity and mortality risks in adulthood. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We evaluated associations between composite deciduous DFA, birthweight, and birth term in two contemporary North American samples: an autopsy sample from New Mexico (n = 94), and sample from a growth cohort study in Burlington, Ontario (n = 304). Dental metric data for each sample was collected from postmortem CT scans and dental casts, respectively. Composite DFA was estimated using buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) crown diameters from paired deciduous teeth. RESULTS Contrary to expectations, the results of linear regression indicated no significant relationship between birthweight and DFA, or birth term and DFA, in either sample. CONCLUSIONS Deciduous DFA does not predict aspects of birth phenotype associated with gestational stress. Birthweight and birth term are plastic relative to the more developmentally stable deciduous dentition, which may only subtly embody early life stress. We suggest that deciduous DFA should be utilized with caution in DOHaD studies until its relationship with gestational stress is clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cait B McPherson
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lexi O'Donnell
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emily Moes
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of St. Francis, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Heather Edgar
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Li Q, Chen J, Faux P, Delgado ME, Bonfante B, Fuentes-Guajardo M, Mendoza-Revilla J, Chacón-Duque JC, Hurtado M, Villegas V, Granja V, Jaramillo C, Arias W, Barquera R, Everardo-Martínez P, Sánchez-Quinto M, Gómez-Valdés J, Villamil-Ramírez H, Silva de Cerqueira CC, Hünemeier T, Ramallo V, Wu S, Du S, Giardina A, Paria SS, Khokan MR, Gonzalez-José R, Schüler-Faccini L, Bortolini MC, Acuña-Alonzo V, Canizales-Quinteros S, Gallo C, Poletti G, Rojas W, Rothhammer F, Navarro N, Wang S, Adhikari K, Ruiz-Linares A. Automatic landmarking identifies new loci associated with face morphology and implicates Neanderthal introgression in human nasal shape. Commun Biol 2023; 6:481. [PMID: 37156940 PMCID: PMC10167347 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a genome-wide association study of facial features in >6000 Latin Americans based on automatic landmarking of 2D portraits and testing for association with inter-landmark distances. We detected significant associations (P-value <5 × 10-8) at 42 genome regions, nine of which have been previously reported. In follow-up analyses, 26 of the 33 novel regions replicate in East Asians, Europeans, or Africans, and one mouse homologous region influences craniofacial morphology in mice. The novel region in 1q32.3 shows introgression from Neanderthals and we find that the introgressed tract increases nasal height (consistent with the differentiation between Neanderthals and modern humans). Novel regions include candidate genes and genome regulatory elements previously implicated in craniofacial development, and show preferential transcription in cranial neural crest cells. The automated approach used here should simplify the collection of large study samples from across the world, facilitating a cosmopolitan characterization of the genetics of facial features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jieyi Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Pierre Faux
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Miguel Eduardo Delgado
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
- División Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, República Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, República Argentina
| | - Betty Bonfante
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| | - Javier Mendoza-Revilla
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
- Unit of Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - J Camilo Chacón-Duque
- Division of Vertebrates and Anthropology, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Malena Hurtado
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
| | - Valeria Villegas
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
| | - Vanessa Granja
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
| | - Claudia Jaramillo
- GENMOL (Genética Molecular), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 5001000, Colombia
| | - William Arias
- GENMOL (Genética Molecular), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 5001000, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo Barquera
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico City, 14050, Mexico, 6600, Mexico
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Paola Everardo-Martínez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico City, 14050, Mexico, 6600, Mexico
| | - Mirsha Sánchez-Quinto
- Forensic Science, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Mexico City, 06320, Mexico
| | - Jorge Gómez-Valdés
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico City, 14050, Mexico, 6600, Mexico
| | - Hugo Villamil-Ramírez
- Unidad de Genomica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, 4510, Mexico
| | | | - Tábita Hünemeier
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Virginia Ramallo
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90040-060, Brazil
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, U9129ACD, Argentina
| | - Sijie Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Siyuan Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Andrea Giardina
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Soumya Subhra Paria
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Mahfuzur Rahman Khokan
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Rolando Gonzalez-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, U9129ACD, Argentina
| | - Lavinia Schüler-Faccini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Victor Acuña-Alonzo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico City, 14050, Mexico, 6600, Mexico
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genomica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, 4510, Mexico
| | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
| | - Giovanni Poletti
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 31, Perú
| | - Winston Rojas
- GENMOL (Genética Molecular), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 5001000, Colombia
| | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| | - Nicolas Navarro
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, 21000, France
- EPHE, PSL University, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Sijia Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Kaustubh Adhikari
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, 13005, France.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Ertuğrul B, Aydık MF. No association between developmental instability as a general measure of stress and 2D:4D digit ratios in a non-western sample. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23860. [PMID: 36602102 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Random deviation from perfect symmetry of organisms is defined as fluctuating asymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry is widely considered to be a marker of developmental instability, developmental noise and phenotypic quality at the population level. In this study, we investigated hypothesized relationship between 2D:4D digit ratios as a proxy measure of prenatal sex hormones and developmental instability levels in young adult humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, seven bilateral traits were measured for fluctuating asymmetry, as well as second and fourth digit lengths on both hands of 185 individuals, 87 men (mean age: 22.42 ± 3.37) and 97 women (mean age: 22.88 ± 3.87). The second digit length was divided by the fourth digit length and the resulting value was used as the digit ratio (2D:4D). Composite fluctuating asymmetry was calculated using five bilateral traits displaying fluctuating asymmetry. RESULTS Only the right hand 2D:4D ratio is lower in men than in women. However, this difference disappears when the effect of digit lengths is controlled. Composite fluctuating asymmetry results reveal that men are more asymmetrical than women. There was no significant relationship between digit ratios and composite fluctuating asymmetry. CONCLUSION In this study, the 2D:4D digit ratios appear to be influenced (at least in humans) by different digit lengths. This study also confirms previous studies that digit ratios as a proxy measure of exposure to either high testosterone or estrogen levels during early development does not appear to affect levels of developmental instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Ertuğrul
- Faculty of Literature, Department of Anthropology, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Fatih Aydık
- Faculty of Literature, Department of Anthropology, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Shape asymmetry - what's new? Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:285-294. [PMID: 35758318 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies of shape asymmetry have become increasingly abundant as the methods of geometric morphometrics have gained widespread use. Most of these studies have focussed on fluctuating asymmetry and have largely obtained similar results as more traditional analyses of asymmetry in distance measurements, but several notable differences have also emerged. A key difference is that shape analyses provide information on the patterns, not just the amount of variation, and therefore tend to be more sensitive. Such analyses have shown that apparently symmetric structures in animals consistently show directional asymmetry for shape, but not for size. Furthermore, the long-standing prediction that phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental heterogeneity can contribute to fluctuating asymmetry has been confirmed for the first time for the shape of flower parts (but not for size). Finally, shape analyses in structures with complex symmetry, such as many flowers, can distinguish multiple types of directional asymmetry, generated by distinct direction-giving factors, which combine to the single component observable in bilaterally symmetric structures. While analyses of shape asymmetry are broadly compatible with traditional analyses of asymmetry, they incorporate more detailed morphological information, particularly for structures with complex symmetry, and therefore can reveal subtle biological effects that would otherwise not be apparent. This makes them a promising tool for a wide range of studies in the basic and applied life sciences.
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Tan DW, Gilani SZ, Boutrus M, Alvares GA, Whitehouse AJO, Mian A, Suter D, Maybery MT. Facial asymmetry in parents of children on the autism spectrum. Autism Res 2021; 14:2260-2269. [PMID: 34529361 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Greater facial asymmetry has been consistently found in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) relative to children without ASD. There is substantial evidence that both facial structure and the recurrence of ASD diagnosis are highly heritable within a nuclear family. Furthermore, sub-clinical levels of autistic-like behavioural characteristics have also been reported in first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, commonly known as the 'broad autism phenotype'. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether a broad autism phenotype expresses as facial asymmetry among 192 biological parents of autistic individuals (134 mothers) compared to those of 163 age-matched adults without a family history of ASD (113 females). Using dense surface-modelling techniques on three dimensional facial images, we found evidence for greater facial asymmetry in parents of autistic individuals compared to age-matched adults in the comparison group (p = 0.046, d = 0.21 [0.002, 0.42]). Considering previous findings and the current results, we conclude that facial asymmetry expressed in the facial morphology of autistic children may be related to heritability factors. LAY ABSTRACT: In a previous study, we showed that autistic children presented with greater facial asymmetry than non-autistic children. In the current study, we examined the amount of facial asymmetry shown on three-dimensional facial images of 192 parents of autistic children compared to a control group consisting of 163 similarly aged adults with no known history of autism. Although parents did show greater levels of facial asymmetry than those in the control group, this effect is statistically small. We concluded that the facial asymmetry previously found in autistic children may be related to genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Weiting Tan
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Syed Zulqarnain Gilani
- School of Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maryam Boutrus
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gail A Alvares
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew J O Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ajmal Mian
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Suter
- School of Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Murray T Maybery
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental instability is a component of non-genetic variation that results from random variation in developmental processes. It is considered a sensitive indicator of the physiological state of individuals. It is reflected in various ways, but in this study we focussed on its reflection in fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and morphological integration. AIM To assess how, if at all, variations of facial morphology mirror developmental instability across childhood with respect to sex, growth rate and socioeconomic/environmental factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A set of 210 three-dimensional facial models (of children aged between 6.3 and 14.3 years) originating from the FIDENTIS 3D Face Database was subjected to landmark-based methods of geometric morphometrics to quantify the degree of facial asymmetry and facial morphological integration. In addition, the association with age, sex, and socioeconomic factors was assessed. RESULTS Our results showed a nonlinear increase of FA with age up to the age of 14 years. The pattern of sex-related variants in facial FA differed in relation to age, as girls exhibited higher values of FA than boys up to the age of 9 years. We found that a signal of modularity based on functional demands and organisation of the face is of particular importance. Here, girls exhibited higher morphological covariation among modules. During more rapid adolescence-related growth, however, covariation among modules at the asymmetrical level decreased in both sexes. CONCLUSION We can conclude that facial morphology was shown to be strongly integrated, particularly until adolescence. This covariation can facilitate an increase of FA. In addition, the results of this study indicate there is a weak association between socioeconomic stress and facial asymmetries. In contrast, sex and growth rate are reflected in developmental instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jandová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Urbanová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Paschetta C, de Azevedo S, Ramallo V, Cintas C, Pérez O, Navarro P, Bandieri L, Sánchez MQ, Adhikari K, Bortolini MC, Ferrara GP, Gallo C, Bedoya G, Rothhammer F, Alonzo VA, Ruiz-Linares A, González-José R. The impact of socioeconomic and phenotypic traits on self-perception of ethnicity in Latin America. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12617. [PMID: 34135396 PMCID: PMC8209281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-perception of ethnicity is a complex social trait shaped by both, biological and non-biological factors. We developed a comprehensive analysis of ethnic self-perception (ESP) on a large sample of Latin American mestizos from five countries, differing in age, socio-economic and education context, external phenotypic attributes and genetic background. We measured the correlation of ESP against genomic ancestry, and the influence of physical appearance, socio-economic context, and education on the distortion observed between both. Here we show that genomic ancestry is correlated to aspects of physical appearance, which in turn affect the individual ethnic self-perceived ancestry. Also, we observe that, besides the significant correlation among genomic ancestry and ESP, specific physical or socio-economic attributes have a strong impact on self-perception. In addition, the distortion among ESP and genomic ancestry differs across age ranks/countries, probably suggesting the underlying effect of past public policies regarding identity. Our results indicate that individuals' own ideas about its origins should be taken with caution, especially in aspects of modern life, including access to work, social policies, and public health key decisions such as drug administration, therapy design, and clinical trials, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Paschetta
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Soledad de Azevedo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Virginia Ramallo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | | | - Orlando Pérez
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Lucas Bandieri
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Mirsha Quinto Sánchez
- Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Kaustubh Adhikari
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M Catira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Poletti Ferrara
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- Grupo de Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá, Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.,UMR 7268 ADES, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, EFS, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 13005, Marseille, France.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Rolando González-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. .,Centro Nacional Patagónico-CONICET, Bvd. Brown 2915. U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
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O'Donnell L, Moes E. Increased dental fluctuating asymmetry is associated with active skeletal lesions, but not mortality hazards in the precontact Southwest United States. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2020; 175:156-171. [PMID: 33368176 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines whether individuals with higher dental fluctuating asymmetry (DFA) are frailer than those with lower DFA, by examining whether increased DFA is associated with skeletal lesion formation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 150 individuals with permanent teeth and 64 individuals with deciduous teeth. All individuals are Ancestral Puebloans from archaeological sites in modern-day New Mexico. We estimate DFA in three ways: (a) deciduous DFA only, (b) permanent DFA only, and (c) a composite of permanent and deciduous DFA. We analyzed DFA alongside lesion status for cribra orbitalia (CO) and porotic hyperostosis (PH), as well as the presence/absence of enamel hypoplasia (EH). All stress indicators were further analyzed for their impact on mortality hazards. RESULTS We find that individuals with active CO and PH lesions have increased DFA, while those with healed lesions have lower DFA. We found no relationship between EH and DFA. Further, DFA alone does not predict individual mortality but CO does. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with increased DFA are frailer and therefore, less capable of buffering themselves against perturbations to their health than those with lower DFA. All results indicate that individuals in this study with lower DFA were more successful in buffering themselves against random environmental impacts during childhood. While DFA alone does not predict mortality hazard, its relationship to lesion status (lower DFA in individuals with healed lesions) indicates that it would be a valuable addition to studies of health and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexi O'Donnell
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Emily Moes
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Tovar-Parra JD, Gutiérrez-Castañeda LD, Gil-Quiñones SR, Nova JA, Pulido L. CDKN2A Polymorphism in Melanoma Patients in Colombian Population: A Case-Control Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7458917. [PMID: 33102592 PMCID: PMC7576359 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7458917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with poor prognosis in advanced stages. The incidence and mortality rates have increased in recent years. Single nucleotide polymorphisms p.R24P, p.M53I, p.G101W, p.V126D, and p.A148T in the CDKN2A (HGNC ID: 1787) gene have been associated with the development of melanoma in different populations; however, this association has not been studied in Colombia. METHODS Cutaneous melanoma patients and healthy controls (85 cases and 166 controls) were included in this study. These subjects were screened through HRM-qPCR assay and detected variants in exon 1 and 2 of CDKN2A gene and confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Chi-square test was used to compare allele and genotype distributions between cases and controls. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to determine the association between polymorphisms and haplotypes with melanoma susceptibility. Statistical and haplotype analyses were performed using Stata® and R-Studio®. RESULTS Fifty-four percent of women were identified both in cases and controls. The frequencies of melanoma subtypes were 36,47% lentigo maligna, 24,71% acral lentiginous, 23,53% superficial extension, and 15,29% nodular. Variants in the CDKN2A gene were 11.76% in cases and 8.43% in controls. The most frequent was p.A148T in 5.88% of cases and in 4.82% of controls. GGTTG haplotype showed statistically significant differences between cases and controls (p value = 0.04). CONCLUSION CDKN2A polymorphisms p.G101W, p.R24P, p.M53I, and A148T are not associated with melanoma susceptibility in the Colombian population; further studies regarding genetic interaction and additive effects between more variants are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D. Tovar-Parra
- Hospital Universitario-Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E., DC, Bogotá, Colombia 111511, Colombia
| | - Luz D. Gutiérrez-Castañeda
- Hospital Universitario-Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E., DC, Bogotá, Colombia 111511, Colombia
| | - Sebastián R. Gil-Quiñones
- Hospital Universitario-Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E., DC, Bogotá, Colombia 111511, Colombia
| | - Jhon A. Nova
- Hospital Universitario-Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E., DC, Bogotá, Colombia 111511, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Pulido
- Hospital Universitario-Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta, E.S.E., DC, Bogotá, Colombia 111511, Colombia
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10
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Sperb-Ludwig F, Pinheiro FC, Bettio Soares M, Nalin T, Ribeiro EM, Steiner CE, Ribeiro Valadares E, Porta G, Fishinger Moura de Souza C, Schwartz IVD. Glycogen storage diseases: Twenty-seven new variants in a cohort of 125 patients. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e877. [PMID: 31508908 PMCID: PMC6825860 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are a group of rare genetic disorders in which glycogen cannot be metabolized to glucose in the liver because of enzyme deficiencies along the glycogenolytic pathway. GSDs are well-recognized diseases that can occur without the full spectrum, and with overlapping in symptoms. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 125 patients with suspected hepatic GSD through a next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel in Ion Torrent platform. New variants were analyzed by pathogenicity prediction tools. RESULTS Twenty-seven new variants predicted as pathogenic were found between 63 variants identified. The most frequent GSD was type Ia (n = 53), followed by Ib (n = 23). The most frequent variants were p.Arg83Cys (39 alleles) and p.Gln347* (14 alleles) in G6PC gene, and p.Leu348Valfs (21 alleles) in SLC37A4 gene. CONCLUSIONS The study presents the largest cohort ever analyzed in Brazilian patients with hepatic glycogenosis. We determined the clinical utility of NGS for diagnosis. The molecular diagnosis of hepatic GSDs enables the characterization of diseases with similar clinical symptoms, avoiding hepatic biopsy and having faster results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig
- Post‐Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular BiologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN)Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Franciele Cabral Pinheiro
- Post‐Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular BiologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN)Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Malu Bettio Soares
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN)Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Tatiele Nalin
- Post‐Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular BiologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | | | | | - Eugênia Ribeiro Valadares
- Departamento de Propedêutica ComplementarFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Gilda Porta
- Hospital Infantil Menino JesusSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz
- Post‐Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular BiologyUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN)Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
- Medical Genetics ServiceHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreBrazil
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11
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Fluctuating body asymmetry in young Polish women in relation to childhood socioeconomic status. J Biosoc Sci 2019; 51:775-783. [DOI: 10.1017/s0021932019000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between childhood socioeconomic conditions and body asymmetry in young Polish women. The study measured fluctuating asymmetry (FA), which refers to small random deviations from perfect symmetry in bilaterally paired body structures. Data were obtained from 620 female students aged from 19 to 25 years recruited from Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Poland. The research was carried out in the period from January 2016 to May 2017. A composite fluctuating asymmetry (cFA) of the women was calculated using five bilateral body traits. The lengths and widths of the women’s ears, lengths of their 2nd and 4th digits and wrist widths of the right and left sides of the body were measured twice using standard methodology. The following data were collected in a questionnaire: degree of urbanization of the woman’s place of residence during childhood, number of older siblings, parental education and woman’s dominant hand. The results showed a tendency for FA to fall with an increase in parental education, and to rise with an increase in number of older siblings. The level of FA was significantly lower in women from rural areas than in those from cities. The results of the study show that FA in early adulthood is significantly associated with socioeconomic status during childhood, and confirm that the level of FA in adulthood may be a good indicator of stress factors in the early stages of development.
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12
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Rolfe S, Lee SI, Shapiro L. Associations Between Genetic Data and Quantitative Assessment of Normal Facial Asymmetry. Front Genet 2018; 9:659. [PMID: 30631343 PMCID: PMC6315129 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human facial asymmetry is due to a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. To identify genetic influences on facial asymmetry, we developed a method for automated scoring that summarizes local morphology features and their spatial distribution. A genome-wide association study using asymmetry scores from two local symmetry features was conducted and significant genetic associations were identified for one asymmetry feature, including genes thought to play a role in craniofacial disorders and development: NFATC1, SOX5, NBAS, and TCF7L1. These results provide evidence that normal variation in facial asymmetry may be impacted by common genetic variants and further motivate the development of automated summaries of complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rolfe
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Su-In Lee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Computer Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Linda Shapiro
- Department of Computer Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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13
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Mopin C, Chaumoître K, Signoli M, Adalian P. Developmental stability and environmental stress: A geometric morphometrics analysis of asymmetry in the human femur. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 167:144-160. [PMID: 30175505 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The evaluation of developmental stability (DS) by measuring fluctuating asymmetry (FA), a bioindicator of general cumulative stress, is an approach that has often been used to characterize health status in past populations. New techniques of geometric morphometrics now enable a better appreciation of FA than before, with a more refined quantification of variation. The aim of our study is to determine the effectiveness of geometric morphometrics analyses of asymmetry in the human femur for the study of individual DS and inferring health status of human populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a comparative analysis between two diachronic populations of distinct and known health status. Two samples of 70 pairs of adult femurs from individuals of comparable age range and sex were selected and CT-scanned. For each 3D reconstruction, two sets of 27 landmarks were digitized to quantify and minimize the effect of measurement error on the evaluation of FA. RESULTS While the measurement of FA in femoral centroid size seemed comparable between the samples, the amount of FA in femoral shape differed. Individuals who experienced high levels of environmental stress presented higher intra-individual variation. In parallel, results did not reveal any significant differences in DS between sexes or age groups. DISCUSSION The geometric morphometrics analysis of femoral asymmetry was effective for distinguishing two populations. After considering various factors of influence, genetics and biomechanics seem to have a limited impact on the results. Expressing FA appears to be normal but dependent on the disturbances of DS produced by environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Mopin
- UMR 7268, Anthropologie bioculturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - Kathia Chaumoître
- UMR 7268, Anthropologie bioculturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France.,Service de Radiologie et Imagerie médicale or Radiology and medical imaging department, Hôpital Nord, CHU, Marseille, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Chemin des Bourrely, Marseille, Cedex 20, 13915, France
| | - Michel Signoli
- UMR 7268, Anthropologie bioculturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Adalian
- UMR 7268, Anthropologie bioculturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
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14
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Quinto-Sánchez M, Muñoz-Muñoz F, Gomez-Valdes J, Cintas C, Navarro P, Cerqueira CCSD, Paschetta C, de Azevedo S, Ramallo V, Acuña-Alonzo V, Adhikari K, Fuentes-Guajardo M, Hünemeier T, Everardo P, de Avila F, Jaramillo C, Arias W, Gallo C, Poletti G, Bedoya G, Bortolini MC, Canizales-Quinteros S, Rothhammer F, Rosique J, Ruiz-Linares A, Gonzalez-Jose R. Developmental pathways inferred from modularity, morphological integration and fluctuating asymmetry patterns in the human face. Sci Rep 2018; 8:963. [PMID: 29343858 PMCID: PMC5772513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial asymmetries are usually measured and interpreted as proxies to developmental noise. However, analyses focused on its developmental and genetic architecture are scarce. To advance on this topic, studies based on a comprehensive and simultaneous analysis of modularity, morphological integration and facial asymmetries including both phenotypic and genomic information are needed. Here we explore several modularity hypotheses on a sample of Latin American mestizos, in order to test if modularity and integration patterns differ across several genomic ancestry backgrounds. To do so, 4104 individuals were analyzed using 3D photogrammetry reconstructions and a set of 34 facial landmarks placed on each individual. We found a pattern of modularity and integration that is conserved across sub-samples differing in their genomic ancestry background. Specifically, a signal of modularity based on functional demands and organization of the face is regularly observed across the whole sample. Our results shed more light on previous evidence obtained from Genome Wide Association Studies performed on the same samples, indicating the action of different genomic regions contributing to the expression of the nose and mouth facial phenotypes. Our results also indicate that large samples including phenotypic and genomic metadata enable a better understanding of the developmental and genetic architecture of craniofacial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirsha Quinto-Sánchez
- Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Francesc Muñoz-Muñoz
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Avinguda de l'Eix Central, Edifici C, E-08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Jorge Gomez-Valdes
- Posgrado en Antropología Física, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Celia Cintas
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Caio Cesar Silva de Cerqueira
- Superintendência da Polícia Técnico-Científica do Estado de São Paulo. Equipe de Perícias Criminalísticas de Ourinhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Paschetta
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Soledad de Azevedo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Virginia Ramallo
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Victor Acuña-Alonzo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Licenciatura en Antropología Física, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Kaustubh Adhikari
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Tábita Hünemeier
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola Everardo
- Licenciatura en Antropología Física, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Posgrado en Antropología, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco de Avila
- Licenciatura en Antropología Física, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Giovani Poletti
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Facultad Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá, Programa de Genética Humana ICBM Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile y Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto, Arica, Chile
| | - Javier Rosique
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andres Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - Rolando Gonzalez-Jose
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
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15
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Gawlikowska-Sroka A, Dabrowski P, Szczurowski J, Dzieciolowska-Baran E, Staniowski T. Influence of physiological stress on the presence of hypoplasia and fluctuating asymmetry in a medieval population from the village of Sypniewo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2017; 19:43-52. [PMID: 29198399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the levels of physiological stress in the medieval rural population of Sypniewo by evaluating patterns of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and enamel hypoplasia (EH), and provide information on the influence of physiological stress during the prenatal and perinatal period on early childhood development. Stress is defined as any external or internal condition that challenges homeostasis of an organism. FA is associated with physiological stress occurring mainly during prenatal development and early childhood. The level of FA is thought to reflect the intensity of the stressor(s). EH is caused by physiological stress such as nutritional instability during the first years of life. The studied material consisted of 126 skulls from the village of Sypniewo (Poland). Cranial radiographs were taken in postero-anterior (P-A) and basal views. The images were scanned and calibrated. Measurements of the cranium were used to estimate FA. The presence of EH was assessed using standard anthropological methods The highest levels of FA were observed in the region of the cranial base. EH was observed in 29% of individuals from the rural skeletal series. There was no statistically significant correlation between FA and EH occurrence or between sex and the studied stress indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pawel Dabrowski
- Department of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Szczurowski
- Department of Anthropology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kozuchowska 5, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Staniowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Pedodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
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Quinto-Sánchez M, Cintas C, Silva de Cerqueira CC, Ramallo V, Acuña-Alonzo V, Adhikari K, Castillo L, Gomez-Valdés J, Everardo P, De Avila F, Hünemeier T, Jaramillo C, Arias W, Fuentes M, Gallo C, Poletti G, Schuler-Faccini L, Bortolini MC, Canizales-Quinteros S, Rothhammer F, Bedoya G, Rosique J, Ruiz-Linares A, González-José R. Correction: Socioeconomic Status Is Not Related with Facial Fluctuating Asymmetry: Evidence from Latin-American Populations. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172418. [PMID: 28192507 PMCID: PMC5305118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169287.].
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