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Wu H, Zhang W, Huang X, Gu P, Li Q, Luo X, Zheng Z. Phosphorus conditions change the cellular responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to perfluorooctanoic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166707. [PMID: 37660808 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a widespread and emerging organic contaminant of aquatic environments, has high bioaccumulation potential and high toxicity. Consequently, major concerns have been raised worldwide regarding the management of this pollutant in aquatic ecosystems. To thoroughly understand PFOA's toxic effects on aquatic organisms, systematic investigations were conducted on the cellular responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to the environmental concentrations of PFOA under various concentrations as well as phosphorus (P) conditions (concentrations and forms). The results showed that P conditions remarkably affected cyanobacterial growth as well as photosynthetic pigment content, triggered oxidative stress to disrupt the function and structure of the cell membrane, and caused changes in the extracellular and intracellular contents of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Furthermore, PFOA (100 μg/L) was absorbed by cyanobacterial cells through the stimulation of the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by M. aeruginosa. After entering the cyanobacterial cells, PFOA inhibited photosynthesis, reduced P absorption, induced oxidative damage, lead to a loss of cell integrity evident in scanning electron microscope images, and increased mcyA gene expression to promote MC-LR production. Moreover, the limited P concentration and forms conditions led to increased PFOA absorption by cyanobacterial cells, which further upregulated mcyA gene expression and increased the risk of MC-LR diffusion into the aquatic environment. Our present study provided a theoretical basis and new ideas for understanding and addressing safety issues related to the presence of PFOA in aquatic environments with varying nutritional statuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqi Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Weizheng Zhang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Xuhui Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Peng Gu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Xingzhang Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Armin G, Kim J, Inomura K. Saturating growth rate against phosphorus concentration explained by macromolecular allocation. mSystems 2023; 8:e0061123. [PMID: 37642424 PMCID: PMC10654069 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00611-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Monod equation has been used to represent the relationship between growth rate and the environmental nutrient concentration under the limitation of this respective nutrient. This model often serves as a means to connect microorganisms to their environment, specifically in ecosystem and global models. Here, we use a simple model of a marine microorganism cell to illustrate the model's ability to capture the same relationship as Monod, while highlighting the additional physiological details our model provides. In this study, we focus on the relationship between growth rate and phosphorus concentration and find that RNA allocation largely contributes to the commonly observed trend. This work emphasizes the potential role our model could play in connecting microorganisms to the surrounding environment while using realistic physiological representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Armin
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jongsun Kim
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Keisuke Inomura
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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3
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Song Y, Li R, Song W, Tang Y, Sun S, Mao G. Microcystis spp. and phosphorus in aquatic environments: A comprehensive review on their physiological and ecological interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163136. [PMID: 37001662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms caused by eutrophication have become a major environmental problem in aquatic ecosystems worldwide over the last few decades. Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient that affects the growth of cyanobacteria and plays a role in dynamic changes in algal density and the formation of cyanobacterial blooms. Therefore, identifying the association between phosphorus sources and Microcystis, which is the most representative and harmful cyanobacteria, is essential for building an understanding of the ecological risks of cyanobacterial blooms. However, systematic reviews summarizing the relationships between Microcystis and phosphorus in aquatic environments are rare. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological and ecological interactions between phosphorus sources and Microcystis in aquatic environments from the following perspectives: (i) the effects of phosphorus source and concentration on Microcystis growth, (ii) the impacts of phosphorus on the environmental behaviors of Microcystis, (iii) mechanisms of phosphorus-related metabolism in Microcystis, and (iv) role of Microcystis in the distribution of phosphorus sources within aquatic environments. In addition, relevant unsolved issues and essential future investigations (e.g., secondary ecological risks) have been highlighted and discussed. This review provides deeper insights into the relationship between phosphorus sources and Microcystis and can serve as a reference for the evaluation, monitoring, and effective control of cyanobacterial blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Song
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Ruikai Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Wenjia Song
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yulu Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Shuangyan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Guannan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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4
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Ahmad I, Ahmad M, Bushra, Hussain A, Mumtaz MZ, Najm-ul-Seher, Abbasi GH, Nazli F, Pataczek L, Ali HM. Mineral-Solubilizing Bacteria-Mediated Enzymatic Regulation and Nutrient Acquisition Benefit Cotton’s (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Vegetative and Reproductive Growth. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040861. [PMID: 37110284 PMCID: PMC10146682 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Many farmers’ incomes in developing countries depend on the cultivation of major crops grown in arid and semi-arid regions. The agricultural productivity of arid and semi-arid areas primarily relies on chemical fertilizers. The effectiveness of chemical fertilizers needs to improve by integration with other sources of nutrients. Plant growth-promoting bacteria can solubilize nutrients, increase plant nutrient uptake, and supplement chemical fertilizers. A pot experiment evaluated the promising plant growth-promoting bacterial strain’s effectiveness in promoting cotton growth, antioxidant enzymes, yield, and nutrient uptake. Two phosphate solubilizing bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis IA6 and Paenibacillus polymyxa IA7) and two zinc solubilizing bacterial strains (Bacillus sp. IA7 and Bacillus aryabhattai IA20) were coated on cotton seeds in a single as well as co-inoculation treatments. These treatments were compared with uninoculated controls in the presence and absence of recommended chemical fertilizer doses. The results showed the co-inoculation combination of Paenibacillus polymyxa IA7 and Bacillus aryabhattai IA20 significantly increased the number of bolls, seed cotton yield, lint yield, and antioxidants activities, including superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase. Co-inoculation combination of Bacillus subtilis IA6 and Bacillus sp. IA16 promoted growth attributes, including shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, and root fresh weight. This co-inoculation combination also increased soil nutrient content. At the same time, Paenibacillus polymyxa IA7 + Bacillus aryabhattai IA20 increased nutrient uptake by plant shoots and roots compared.
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Iqbal A, Qiang D, Xiangru W, Huiping G, Hengheng Z, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Phosphorus and carbohydrate metabolism contributes to low phosphorus tolerance in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:97. [PMID: 36792994 PMCID: PMC9933316 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) is one of the limiting factors in sustainable cotton production. However, little is known about the performance of contrasting low P tolerant cotton genotypes that might be a possible option to grow in low P condition. In the current study, we characterized the response of two cotton genotypes, Jimian169 a strong low P tolerant, and DES926 a weak low P tolerant genotypes under low and normal P conditions. The results showed that low P greatly inhibited growth, dry matter production, photosynthesis, and enzymatic activities related to antioxidant system and carbohydrate metabolism and the inhibition was more in DES926 as compared to Jimian169. In contrast, low P improved root morphology, carbohydrate accumulation, and P metabolism, especially in Jimian169, whereas the opposite responses were observed for DES926. The strong low P tolerance in Jimian169 is linked with a better root system and enhanced P and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that Jimian169 is a model genotype for cotton breeding. Results thus indicate that the Jimian169, compared with DES926, tolerates low P by enhancing carbohydrate metabolism and by inducing the activity of several enzymes related to P metabolism. This apparently causes rapid P turnover and enables the Jimian169 to use P more efficiently. Moreover, the transcript level of the key genes could provide useful information to study the molecular mechanism of low P tolerance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 21120, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China.
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6
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Tarafdar L, Mohapatra M, Muduli PR, Kumar A, Mishra DR, Rastogi G. Co-occurrence patterns and environmental factors associated with rapid onset of Microcystis aeruginosa bloom in a tropical coastal lagoon. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116580. [PMID: 36323116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The environmental factors contributing to the Microcystis aeruginosa bloom (hereafter referred to as Microcystis bloom) are still debatable as they vary with season and geographic settings. We examined the environmental factors that triggered Microcystis bloom outbreak in India's largest brackish water coastal lagoon, Chilika. The warmer water temperature (25.31-32.48 °C), higher dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) loading (10.15-13.53 μmol L-1), strong P-limitation (N:P ratio 138.47-246.86), higher water transparency (46.62-73.38 cm), and low-salinity (5.45-9.15) exerted a strong positive influence on blooming process. During the bloom outbreak, M. aeruginosa proliferated, replaced diatoms, and constituted 70-88% of the total phytoplankton population. The abundances of M. aeruginosa increased from 0.89 × 104 cells L-1 in September to 1.85 × 104 cells L-1 in November and reduced drastically during bloom collapse (6.22 × 103 cells L-1) by the late November of year 2017. The decrease in M. aeruginosa during bloom collapse was associated with a decline in DIN loading (2.97 μmol L-1) and N:P ratio (73.95). Sentinel-3 OLCI-based satellite monitoring corroborated the field observations showing Cyanophyta Index (CI) > 0.01 in September, indicative of intense bloom and CI < 0.0001 during late November, suggesting bloom collapse. The presence of M. aeruginosa altered the phytoplankton community composition. Furthermore, co-occurrence network indicated that bloom resulted in a less stable community with low diversity, inter-connectedness, and prominence of a negative association between phytoplankton taxa. Variance partitioning analysis revealed that TSM (16.63%), salinity (6.99%), DIN (5.21%), and transparency (5.15%) were the most influential environmental factors controlling the phytoplankton composition. This study provides new insight into the phytoplankton co-occurrences and combination of environmental factors triggering the rapid onset of Microcystis bloom and influencing the phytoplankton composition dynamics of a large coastal lagoon. These findings would be valuable for future bloom forecast modeling and aid in the management of the lagoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipika Tarafdar
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030, Odisha, India; Department of Marine Sciences, Berhampur University, Bhanjabihar, 760007, Odisha, India
| | - Madhusmita Mohapatra
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030, Odisha, India
| | - Pradipta R Muduli
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030, Odisha, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Center for Geospatial Research, Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA; Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Deepak R Mishra
- Center for Geospatial Research, Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Gurdeep Rastogi
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030, Odisha, India.
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7
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Wang J, James SC, Back JA, Scott JT. Incorporating parameter variability into Monod models of nutrient-limited growth of non-diazotrophic and diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:5174-5187. [PMID: 36053821 PMCID: PMC9671824 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Models are widely used tools in aquatic science to understand the mechanism of phytoplankton growth and anticipate the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. However, model parameterization remains challenging and issues that may introduce prediction uncertainty exist. Many models use the Monod equation to predict cyanobacteria growth rate based on ambient nutrient concentrations. The half-saturation concentrations in the Monod equation varies greatly among different studies and depends on environmental conditions. In this study, we estimated the growth rate due to nutrient limitations for two cyanobacteria species (Microcystis aeruginosa and Dolichospermum flos-aquae) using a modified Monod model which allows the half-saturation concentration to vary according to initial nitrogen (N) conditions. The model is calibrated against observations from laboratory experiment where cyanobacteria growth and ambient nutrient concentrations were measured simultaneously, which is rarely done in the literature. Our results show this modified model produce better predictions on growth rate and biomass, indicating many commonly used mechanistic models may need improvement regarding phytoplankton growth representation. Furthermore, our study quantifies the flexibility in cyanobacteria growth parameter across a wide range of environmental N in eutrophic lakes thus provides important information for large-scale modelling applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Texas, USA
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Scott C. James
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Texas, USA
- Department of Geoscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffery A. Back
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - J. Thad Scott
- The Institute of Ecological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Texas, USA
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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8
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Wang H, Garcia PV, Ahmed S, Heggerud CM. Mathematical comparison and empirical review of the Monod and Droop forms for resource-based population dynamics. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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bte Sukarji NH, He Y, Te SH, Gin KYH. Application of a Mechanistic Model for the Prediction of Microcystin Production by Microcystis in Lab Cultures and Tropical Lake. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:103. [PMID: 35202131 PMCID: PMC8875899 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystin is an algal toxin that is commonly found in eutrophic freshwaters throughout the world. Many studies have been conducted to elucidate the factors affecting its production, but few studies have attempted mechanistic models of its production to aid water managers in predicting its occurrence. Here, a mechanistic model was developed based on microcystin production by Microcystis spp. under laboratory culture and ambient field conditions. The model was built on STELLA, a dynamic modelling software, and is based on constitutive cell quota that varies with nitrogen, phosphorus, and temperature. In addition to these factors, varying the decay rate of microcystin according to its proportion in the intracellular and extracellular phase was important for the model's performance. With all these effects, the model predicted most of the observations with a model efficiency that was >0.72 and >0.45 for the lab and field conditions respectively. However, some large discrepancies were observed. These may have arisen from the non-constitutive microcystin production that appear to have a precondition of nitrogen abundance. Another reason for the large root mean square error is that cell quota is affected by factors differently between strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hanisah bte Sukarji
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore; (N.H.b.S.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Shu Harn Te
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore; (N.H.b.S.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore; (N.H.b.S.); (S.H.T.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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10
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Williamson CJ, Turpin-Jelfs T, Nicholes MJ, Yallop ML, Anesio AM, Tranter M. Macro-Nutrient Stoichiometry of Glacier Algae From the Southwestern Margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:673614. [PMID: 34262580 PMCID: PMC8273243 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.673614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glacier algae residing within the surface ice of glaciers and ice sheets play globally significant roles in biogeochemical cycling, albedo feedbacks, and melt of the world's cryosphere. Here, we present an assessment of the macro-nutrient stoichiometry of glacier algal assemblages from the southwestern Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) margin, where widespread glacier algal blooms proliferate during summer melt seasons. Samples taken during the mid-2019 ablation season revealed overall lower cellular carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content than predicted by standard microalgal cellular content:biovolume relationships, and elevated C:N and C:P ratios in all cases, with an overall estimated C:N:P of 1,997:73:1. We interpret lower cellular macro-nutrient content and elevated C:N and C:P ratios to reflect adaptation of glacier algal assemblages to their characteristic oligotrophic surface ice environment. Such lower macro-nutrient requirements would aid the proliferation of blooms across the nutrient poor cryosphere in a warming world. Up-scaling of our observations indicated the potential for glacier algal assemblages to accumulate ∼ 29 kg C km2 and ∼ 1.2 kg N km2 within our marginal surface ice location by the mid-ablation period (early August), confirming previous modeling estimates. While the long-term fate of glacier algal autochthonous production within surface ice remains unconstrained, data presented here provide insight into the possible quality of dissolved organic matter that may be released by assemblages into the surface ice environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Williamson
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Turpin-Jelfs
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Miranda J. Nicholes
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marian L. Yallop
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martyn Tranter
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Fernández-Juárez V, López-Alforja X, Frank-Comas A, Echeveste P, Bennasar-Figueras A, Ramis-Munar G, Gomila RM, Agawin NSR. "The Good, the Bad and the Double-Sword" Effects of Microplastics and Their Organic Additives in Marine Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:581118. [PMID: 33552008 PMCID: PMC7854915 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.581118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the direct effects of microplastics (MPs) and their organic additives on marine bacteria, considering their role in the nutrient cycles, e.g., N-cycles through the N2-fixation, or in the microbial food web. To fill this gap of knowledge, we exposed marine bacteria, specifically diazotrophs, to pure MPs which differ in physical properties (e.g., density, hydrophobicity, and/or size), namely, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene, and to their most abundant associated organic additives (e.g., fluoranthene, 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane and dioctyl-phthalate). Growth, protein overproduction, direct physical interactions between MPs and bacteria, phosphorus acquisition mechanisms and/or N2-fixation rates were evaluated. Cyanobacteria were positively affected by environmental and high concentrations of MPs, as opposed to heterotrophic strains, that were only positively affected with high concentrations of ~120 μm-size MPs (detecting the overproduction of proteins related to plastic degradation and C-transport), and negatively affected by 1 μm-size PS beads. Generally, the organic additives had a deleterious effect in both autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria and the magnitude of the effect is suggested to be dependent on bacterial size. Our results show species-specific responses of the autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria tested and the responses (beneficial: the “good,” deleterious: the “bad” and/or both: the “double-sword”) were dependent on the type and concentration of MPs and additives. This suggests the need to determine the threshold levels of MPs and additives concentrations starting from which significant effects can be observed for key microbial populations in marine systems, and these data are necessary for effective environmental quality control management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Fernández-Juárez
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES), Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xabier López-Alforja
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES), Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Aida Frank-Comas
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES), Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pedro Echeveste
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Antoni Bennasar-Figueras
- Grup de Recerca en Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Guillem Ramis-Munar
- Celomic Unit of the University Institute of Research in Health Sciences of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosa María Gomila
- Servicio Científico-Técnicos, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Nona S R Agawin
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarES), Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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12
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Kuerban M, Jiao W, Pang J, Jing J, Qiu LJ, Ding W, Cong WF, Zhang F, Lambers H. Targeting Low-Phytate Soybean Genotypes Without Compromising Desirable Phosphorus-Acquisition Traits. Front Genet 2021; 11:574547. [PMID: 33381147 PMCID: PMC7767974 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.574547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytate-phosphorus (P) in food and feed is not efficiently utilized by humans and non-ruminant livestock, potentially contributing to high losses of P to the environment. Crops with high P-acquisition efficiency can access soil P effectively. It remains elusive whether crop genotypes with high P-acquisition efficiency can also have low seed phytate concentrations. A core collection of 256 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes from China with diverse genetic background were grown in the same environment and seeds were sampled to screen for seed phytate-P concentration. Some of these genotypes were also grown in a low-P soil in the glasshouse to measure root morphological and physiological traits related to P acquisition. Large genotypic variation was found in seed phytate-P concentration (0.69–5.49 mg P g–1 dry weight), total root length, root surface area, rhizosheath carboxylates, and acid phosphatase activity in rhizosheath soil. Geographically, seed phytate-P concentration was the highest for the genotypes from Hainan Province, whereas it was the lowest for the genotypes from Inner Mongolia. Seed phytate-P concentration showed no correlation with any desirable root traits associated with enhanced P acquisition. Two genotypes (Siliyuan and Diliuhuangdou-2) with both low phytate concentrations and highly desirable P-acquisition traits were identified. This is the first study to show that some soybean genotypes have extremely low seed phytate concentrations, combined with important root traits for efficient P acquisition, offering material for breeding genotypes with low seed phytate-P concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireadili Kuerban
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Jiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Pang
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jingying Jing
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Juan Qiu
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Microcystis aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii Were the Primary Planktonic Microcystin Producers in Several Bulgarian Waterbodies (August 2019). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The rising interest in harmful cyanoprokaryote blooms promotes an increase of phycological and ecological research on potentially toxic species and their hazardous substances. The present study aimed to identify the main microcystin (MC) producers and their contribution to the phytoplankton of shallow waterbodies in Bulgaria, applying different methods. The sampling was performed in August 2019 in nine lakes and reservoirs, two of which (reservoirs Kriva Reka and Izvornik 2) were studied for the first time. The high contribution of cyanoprokaryotes to the total species composition and phytoplankton abundance was proved by light microscopic (LM) observations and HPLC analysis of marker pigments. The LM identification of potential MC-producers was supported by PCR amplification of mcyE and mcyB genes. The MCs amounts, detected by HPLC-DAD, varied by sites with a range from undetectable concentrations to 0.46 µg L−1 with only one recorded variant, namely MC-LR. It was found only in the reservoirs Mandra and Durankulak, while toxigenic MC-strains were obtained by PCR from five more waterbodies. Both LM and PCR demonstrated that the MC-producers were Microcystis aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii, despite their occurrence in low amounts (<0.5–5% of the total biomass) when filamentous cyanoprokaryotes dominated.
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Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) availability is a major constraint for cotton production. Consequently, P-efficient genotypes can improve productivity under conditions where the higher application of P is not economical. This study was conducted to characterize cotton genotypes for P-use efficiency under various P concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 500 μM KH2PO4). The results showed large genotypic variation in five selected traits, such as root dry weight, shoot dry weight, photosynthetic activity, P-utilization efficiency, and P-uptake efficiency. Based on these five selected traits, the genotypes were grouped into three main classes as efficient, moderate efficient, and inefficient genotypes as proposed by different researchers. Most of the genotypes behaved in a similar pattern under different P concentrations. Among the genotypes, Xinluzao-49 and Xinluzao-48 were considered as P efficient while CCRI-64 and Yumian-21 as inefficient genotypes. However, the rest of the genotypes were considered as moderately P efficient. The results prove that a large genetic potential exists in cotton genotypes for P-use efficiency, and the use of P-efficient genotypes for cultivation will reduce the application of phosphatic fertilizers. Furthermore, the use of P-efficient genotypes will improve cotton breeding activities and help in improving the environmental sustainability of cotton production.
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Fernández-Juárez V, Bennasar-Figueras A, Tovar-Sanchez A, Agawin NSR. The Role of Iron in the P-Acquisition Mechanisms of the Unicellular N 2-Fixing Cyanobacteria Halothece sp., Found in Association With the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1903. [PMID: 31507547 PMCID: PMC6713934 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Posidonia oceanica, an endemic seagrass of the Mediterranean Sea harbors a high diversity of N2-fixing prokaryotes. One of these is Halothece sp., a unicellular N2-fixing cyanobacteria detected through nifH analysis from the epiphytes of P. oceanica. The most related strain in culture is Halothece sp. PCC 7418 and this was used as the test organism in this study. In the Mediterranean Sea, phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) can be the major limiting nutrients for N2 fixation. However, information about the mechanisms of P-acquisition and the role of metals (i.e., Fe) in these processes for N2-fixing bacteria is scarce. From our genomic analyses of the test organism and other phylogenetically related N2-fixing strains, Halothece sp. PCC 7418 is one of the strains with the greatest number of gene copies (eight copies) of alkaline phosphatases (APases). Our structural analysis of PhoD (alkaline phosphatase type D) and PhoU (phosphate acquisition regulator) of Halothece sp. PCC 7418 showed the connection among metals (Ca2+ and Fe3+), and the P-acquisition mechanisms. Here, we measured the rates of alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) through MUF-P hydrolysis under different combinations of concentrations of inorganic P (PO43−) and Fe in experiments under N2-fixing (low NO3− availability) and non-N2 fixing (high NO3− availability) conditions. Our results showed that APA rates were enhanced by the increase in Fe availability under low levels of PO43−, especially under N2-fixing conditions. Moreover, the increased PO43−-uptake was reflected in the increased of the P-cellular content of the cells under N2 fixation conditions. We also found a positive significant relationship between cellular P and cellular Fe content of the cells (r2 = 0.71, p < 0.05). Our results also indicated that Fe-uptake in Halothece sp. PCC 7418 was P and Fe-dependent. This study gives first insights of P-acquisition mechanisms in the N2-fixing cyanobacteria (Halothece sp.) found in P. oceanica and highlights the role of Fe in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Fernández-Juárez
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarEs), Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Palma, Spain
| | - Antoni Bennasar-Figueras
- Grup de Recerca en Microbiologia, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Palma, Spain
| | - Antonio Tovar-Sanchez
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Andalusian Institute for Marine Sciences, ICMAN (CSIC), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Nona Sheila R Agawin
- Marine Ecology and Systematics (MarEs), Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Palma, Spain
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Tang C, Sun P, Yang J, Huang Y, Wu Y. Kinetics simulation of Cu and Cd removal and the microbial community adaptation in a periphytic biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 276:199-203. [PMID: 30623876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Periphytic biofilm reactor (PBfR) shows great potential in pollutants removal. However, few studies were focused on mathematical model of pollutants removal in PBfR. A three-step PBfR was designed and a new model was developed to simulate the kinetics of Cu and Cd removal from simulated wastewater. The results show that the PBfR could remove 99.0% Cu and 99.7% Cd from liquid wastewater. The experiment data could be well fitted with a high correlation coefficients both for Cu and Cd. The microbial community in the PBfR could be self-adjusted to tolerate the toxicities of Cu and Cd, resulting in sustainable and high decontamination efficiencies. The eukaryote in the PBfR played a vital role in Cu and Cd removal. The prokaryote showed negative effect on Cu and Cd removal, though it had more diversity than eukaryote. This study provides a new approach for Cu and Cd removal and their kinetics simulation in photoautotrophic bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cilai Tang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yingping Huang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yonghong Wu
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
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LeBrun ES, King RS, Back JA, Kang S. A Metagenome-Based Investigation of Gene Relationships for Non-Substrate-Associated Microbial Phosphorus Cycling in the Water Column of Streams and Rivers. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:856-865. [PMID: 29569048 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a nutrient of primary importance in all living systems, and it is especially important in streams and rivers which are sensitive to anthropogenic P inputs and eutrophication. Microbes are accepted as the primary mineralizers and solubilizers of P improving bioavailability for organisms at all trophic levels. Here, we use a genomics approach with metagenome sequencing of 24 temperate streams and rivers representing a total P (TP) gradient to identify relationships between functional genes, functional gene groupings, P, and organisms within the P biogeochemical cycle. Combining information from network analyses, functional groupings, and system P levels, we have constructed a System Relational Overview of Gene Groupings (SROGG) which is a cohesive system level representation of P cycle gene and nutrient relationships. Using SROGG analysis in concert with other statistical approaches, we found that the compositional makeup of P cycle genes is strongly correlated to environmental P whereas absolute abundance of P genes shows no significant correlation to environmental P. We also found orthophosphate (PO43-) to be the dominant factor correlating with system P cycle gene composition with little evidence of a strong organic phosphorous correlation present even in more oligotrophic streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick S LeBrun
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388, Waco, TX, 76798-7388, USA
| | - Ryan S King
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388, Waco, TX, 76798-7388, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Back
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388, Waco, TX, 76798-7388, USA
| | - Sanghoon Kang
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388, Waco, TX, 76798-7388, USA.
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Bilal HM, Aziz T, Maqsood MA, Farooq M, Yan G. Categorization of wheat genotypes for phosphorus efficiency. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205471. [PMID: 30332479 PMCID: PMC6192622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of phosphorus efficient crop cultivars can increase food productivity and decrease environmental pollution. Categorization of existing germplasm is a prerequisite to develop P efficient crop cultivars. For first experiment, 30 wheat genotypes were grown in hydroponics with two P levels (i.e., deficit, 20 μm KH2PO4 and adequate, 200 μm KH2PO4). Genotypes differed significantly for various P efficiency parameters. Two genotypes (Dirk and Bhakkar-02) showed < 25% decrease in growth at P deficiency. Genotype Seher-06 proved to be inefficient. Twelve selected genotypes based on the first experiment were sown in soil with two P levels (0 and 30 mg P kg-1) till maturity. As expected, genotypes differed for grain yield at both P levels. The efficient cultivars selected on the basis of both absolute and relative dry matter production at both P levels such as Dirk. Genotypes were grouped into three, four and nine classes on the basis of various parameters for P efficiency as proposed by different researchers. Most genotypes behaved in a similar fashion by different categorization methods and also at different P supply. The method to categorize the genotypes into three classes and plotting them into 9 classes proposed by Gill and his coworkers, is the best to differentiate the minor differences in genotypes. At least three different parameters at both P regimes should be used. The parameters may vary as per objectives of the study and/or growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Muhammad Aamer Maqsood
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Oman
| | - Guijun Yan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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