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Vitkevičienė A, Skliutė G, Žučenka A, Borutinskaitė V, Navakauskienė R. Potential Prognostic Markers for Relapsed/Refractory vs. Responsive Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112752. [PMID: 35681732 PMCID: PMC9179343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common blood cancer in the elderly, which progresses rapidly and is often fatal. The prognosis for AML remains poor in most older patients: only about 15% of patients over 60 years of age can recover. Our aim is to determine new potential AML clinical treatment prognosis markers. We analyzed certain genes, proteins and the epigenome profile in therapy-resistant and responsive AML patients at diagnosis stage and after clinical treatment. We determined that MYC, WT1, IDH1, CDKN1A, HDAC2, TET1, KAT6A and GATAD2A gene expression changes might characterize refractory AML. Therefore, these genes could have an impact for AML prognosis. Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease. A significant proportion of AML patients is refractory to clinical treatment or relapses. Our aim is to determine new potential AML clinical treatment prognosis markers. We investigated various cell fate and epigenetic regulation important gene level differences between refractory and responsive AML patient groups at diagnosis stage and after clinical treatment using RT-qPCR. We demonstrated that oncogenic MYC and WT1 and metabolic IDH1 gene expression was significantly higher and cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A (p21) gene expression was significantly lower in refractory patients’ bone marrow cells compared to treatment responsive patients both at diagnosis and after clinical treatment. Moreover, we determined that, compared to clinical treatment responsive patients, refractory patients possess a significantly higher gene expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and epigenetic DNA modulator TET1 and a significantly lower gene expression of lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) and nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex component GATAD2A. We suggest that MYC, WT1, IDH1, CDKN1A, HDAC2, TET1, KAT6A and GATAD2A gene expression changes might characterize refractory AML. Thus, they might be useful for AML prognosis. Additionally, we suggest that epigenetic modulation might be beneficial in combination with standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Vitkevičienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.V.); (G.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Giedrė Skliutė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.V.); (G.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Andrius Žučenka
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Centre, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Veronika Borutinskaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.V.); (G.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.V.); (G.S.); (V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-5-223-4409
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Wong KK, Lawrie CH, Green TM. Oncogenic Roles and Inhibitors of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia. Biomark Insights 2019; 14:1177271919846454. [PMID: 31105426 PMCID: PMC6509988 DOI: 10.1177/1177271919846454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alteration has been proposed to give rise to numerous classic hallmarks of cancer. Impaired DNA methylation plays a central role in the onset and progression of several types of malignancies, and DNA methylation is mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) consisting of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. DNMTs are frequently implicated in the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. In this review, we describe and discuss the oncogenic roles of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in AML. The clinical response predictive roles of DNMTs in clinical trials utilising hypomethylating agents (azacitidine and decitabine) in AML patients are presented. Novel hypomethylating agent (guadecitabine) and experimental DNMT inhibitors in AML are also discussed. In summary, hypermethylation of tumour suppressors mediated by DNMT1 or DNMT3B contributes to the progression and severity of AML (except MLL-AF9 and inv(16)(p13;q22) AML for DNMT3B), while mutation affecting DNMT3A represents an early genetic lesion in the pathogenesis of AML. In clinical trials of AML patients, expression of DNMTs is downregulated by hypomethylating agents while the clinical response predictive roles of DNMT biomarkers remain unresolved. Finally, nucleoside hypomethylating agents have continued to show enhanced responses in clinical trials of AML patients, and novel non-nucleoside DNMT inhibitors have demonstrated cytotoxicity against AML cells in pre-clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Oncology Department, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tina M Green
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Wang Q, Wang Z, Wu C, Pan Z, Xiang L, Liu H, Jin X, Tong K, Fan S, Jin X. Potential association of long noncoding RNA HA117 with tetralogy of Fallot. Genes Dis 2018; 5:185-190. [PMID: 30258948 PMCID: PMC6148707 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart disease characterized by abnormal cardiomyocyte differentiation in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), and HA117 is a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) with anti-differentiation roles. To investigate the potential association of HA117 with TOF, we collected 84 RVOT tissues from patients with TOF. We determined the expression of HA117 in RVOT samples from TOF patients and collected clinical data to conduct a cross-sectional and short-term follow-up study. McGoon ratio, Nakata index, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) were negatively correlated with the expression of HA117 based on subgroup analysis, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Additionally, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and ICU stay were longer in patients with higher expression of HA117 than in patients with lower expression of HA117. Furthermore, percentage improvement in SPO2 was significantly reduced in patients with increased HA117 expression at 6 months after surgery. Our results suggested that the increased expression of the novel lncRNA HA117 is a risk factor for unfavorable McGoon ratio, Nakata index and LVEDVI in TOF patients. Additionally, an increased expression of HA117 might lead to adverse short-term outcomes in TOF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxia Pan
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kerong Tong
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shulei Fan
- Renal Department and Nephrology Institute, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianqing Jin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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