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Taivans I, Grima L, Jurka N, Zvaigzne L, Gordjušina V, Strazda G. FOT Technique Applied for Monitoring of COVID-19 Pneumonia Reveals Small Airways Involvement. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1160. [PMID: 38893686 PMCID: PMC11171776 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The fact that some SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients benefit from changing body position, and some from continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP), indicates the functional character of hypoxia. We hypothesize that such effects could be explained by the closure of small airways. To prove the hypothesis, we evaluated the patency of small airways in 30 oxygen-dependent, spontaneously breathing patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia during their hospital stay using the FOT method and then compared the results with data obtained three months later. During the acute period, total resistance (R5) and peripheral resistance (R5-20) rose above the upper limit of normal (ULN) in 28% and 50% of all patients, respectively. Reactance indices X5, AX and Fres exceeded ULN in 55%, 68% and 66% of cases. Significant correlations were observed between PaO2/FiO2, the time spent in the hospital and R5, X5, AX and Fres. After 3 months, 18 patients were re-examined. During the hospital stay, 11 of them had risen above the upper limit of normal (ULN), for both resistance (R5-20) and reactance (X5, AX) values. Three months later, ULN for R5-20 was exceeded in only four individuals, but ULN for X5 and AX was exceeded in five individuals. Lung function examination revealed a combined restrictive/obstructive ventilatory failure and reduced CO transfer factor. We interpret these changes as lung tissue remodeling due to the process of fibrosis. We conclude that during acute period of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, dilated pulmonary blood vessels and parenchymal oedema induce functional closure of small airways, which in turn induce atelectasis with pulmonary right-to-left shunting, followed by the resulting hypoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immanuels Taivans
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV1050 Riga, Latvia; (L.G.); (N.J.); (V.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Laura Grima
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV1050 Riga, Latvia; (L.G.); (N.J.); (V.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Normunds Jurka
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV1050 Riga, Latvia; (L.G.); (N.J.); (V.G.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Valentina Gordjušina
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV1050 Riga, Latvia; (L.G.); (N.J.); (V.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Gunta Strazda
- Medical Faculty, University of Latvia, LV1050 Riga, Latvia; (L.G.); (N.J.); (V.G.); (G.S.)
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2
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Li T, Li M, Feng J, Liu T, Yang L, Yu L. Evaluation and clinical significance of serum neurospecific enolase in children with pneumonia: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:379. [PMID: 38822291 PMCID: PMC11140899 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurospecific Enolase (NSE), a multifunctional protein, is present in various tissues of the body and plays an important role in many disease processes, such as infection, inflammation, tumours, injury, and immunity. In recent years, the application of NSE in respiratory diseases has become increasingly widespread and a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the relationship between NSE and childhood pneumonia, providing assistance for the diagnosis and assessment of pneumonia. METHODS Using prospective research and case-control methods, We selected 129 children with pneumonia hospitalised in Weifang People's Hospital from September 2020 to April 2022 as the case group. Among them were 67 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP+), 62 cases of non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP -), and 21 cases of severe pneumonia. At the same time, 136 children who underwent outpatient health examinations were selected as the control group. The levels of NSE, ESR, CRP in cases group and NSE in control group were measured separately. RESULT The NSE levels in the MP + group were 17.86 (14.29-22.54) ng/mL, while those in the MP- group were 17.89 (14.10-21.66) ng/mL, both of which were higher than the control group's NSE levels of 13.26(12.18,14.44) ng/mL (H = 46.92, P = 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference in NSE levels between the MP + and MP - groups (P > 0.05). The NSE level in the severe pneumonia group was 27.38 (13.95-34.06) ng/mL, higher than that in the mild pneumonia group, which was 17.68 (14.27-21.04) ng/mL, (P = 0.024). The AUC values for diagnosing pneumonia are NSE0.714, CRP0.539, and ESR0.535, with NSE having the highest diagnostic value. CONCLUSION Serum NSE can serve as an inflammatory indicator for paediatric pneumonia, which has important clinical guidance significance for the diagnosis, condition evaluation, and prognosis of paediatric pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Minglei Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Lexiang Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China.
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3
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Babkina AS, Lyubomudrov MA, Golubev MA, Pisarev MV, Golubev AM. Neuron-Specific Enolase-What Are We Measuring? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5040. [PMID: 38732258 PMCID: PMC11084499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the neuron-specific protein by Moore and McGregor in 1965, tens of thousands of studies have investigated the basic and applied significance of neuron-specific enolase (NSE). This promising biomarker, according to many researchers, has not found widespread use in clinical practice, particularly in acute cerebrovascular accidents. Moreover, the several studies refuting the usefulness of serum NSE measurement in critically ill patients leads us to consider the reasons for such contradictory conclusions. In this article, we have analyzed the main directions in the study of NSE and expressed our perspective on the reasons for the contradictory results and the difficulties in implementing the results of these studies in clinical practice. In our opinion, the method of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used in the majority of the studies is inappropriate for the evaluation of NSE as a marker of central nervous system damage, because it does not allow for the differentiation of heterodimers of enolases and the assessment of the enzymatic activity of this group of enzymatic proteins. Therefore, the methodological approach for the evaluation of NSE (γγ-enolase) as a biomarker needs to be elaborated and improved. Furthermore, the specificity of the applied research methods and the appropriateness of the continued use of the term "neuron-specific enolase" must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya S. Babkina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia; (M.A.L.); (M.V.P.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Maxim A. Lyubomudrov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia; (M.A.L.); (M.V.P.); (A.M.G.)
| | | | - Mikhail V. Pisarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia; (M.A.L.); (M.V.P.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Arkady M. Golubev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia; (M.A.L.); (M.V.P.); (A.M.G.)
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4
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Gokdemir GŞ, Gokdemir MT, Araç S, Yokuş B. Prognostic significance of the chemerin level in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37743. [PMID: 38579052 PMCID: PMC10994447 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased serum chemerin levels have been reported in several inflammatory diseases. Few studies have investigated the relationship between chemerin and clinical features of COVID-19. Thus, chemerin may modulate the development and progression of COVID-19. We compared the serum chemerin concentration between patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. This is a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. We enrolled COVID-19 patients who presented to our tertiary hospital and healthy controls. The COVID-19 patients were conducted and the dates of symptom onset were recorded. After admission to the hospital and stabilization, blood samples were obtained for routine hemogram, biochemistry, and chemerin. The chemerin level was 37.93 ± 17.3 ng/mL in patients followed in the ICU, 29.41 ± 12.79 ng/mL in inpatients, 30.48 ± 10.86 ng/mL in outpatients, and 25.12 ± 9.82 ng/mL in healthy controls. The difference between patients treated in the ICU and healthy controls was significant (P < .001). The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ferritin, procalcitonin (PCT), and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the intensive care unit (ICU) group (P < .001). Moreover, the chemerin level of patients who died was significantly higher than that of those who survived (P < .001). The chemerin level was increased in COVID-19 patients and also increased with increasing disease severity. The chemerin level was higher in the COVID-19 patients than healthy controls and was significantly higher in patients who died compared to those who did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Şahika Gokdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tahir Gokdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Songül Araç
- Emergency Department, University of Health Science, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Beran Yokuş
- Faculty of Veterinary, Biochemistry Department, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Mehta D, Gupta D, Kafle A, Kaur S, Nagaiah TC. Advances and Challenges in Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors for Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarker Neuron-Specific Enolase. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33-51. [PMID: 38222505 PMCID: PMC10785636 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Early and rapid detection of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is highly significant, as it is putative biomarker for small-cell lung cancer as well as COVID-19. Electrochemical techniques have attracted substantial attention for the early detection of cancer biomarkers due to the important properties of simplicity, high sensitivity, specificity, low cost, and point-of-care detection. This work reviews the clinically relevant labeled and label-free electrochemical immunosensors developed so far for the analysis of NSE. The prevailing role of nanostructured materials as electrode matrices is thoroughly discussed. Subsequently, the key performances of various immunoassays are critically evaluated in terms of limit of detection, linear ranges, and incubation time for clinical translation. Electrochemical techniques coupled with screen-printed electrodes developing market level commercialization of NSE sensors is also discussed. Finally, the review concludes with the current challenges associated with available methods and provides a future outlook toward commercialization opportunities for easy detection of NSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Divyani Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Alankar Kafle
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Sukhjot Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Tharamani C. Nagaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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6
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Altan M, Li QZ, Wang Q, Vokes NI, Sheshadri A, Gao J, Zhu C, Tran HT, Gandhi S, Antonoff MB, Swisher S, Wang J, Byers LA, Abdel-Wahab N, Franco-Vega MC, Wang Y, Lee JJ, Zhang J, Heymach JV. Distinct patterns of auto-reactive antibodies associated with organ-specific immune-related adverse events. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1322818. [PMID: 38152395 PMCID: PMC10751952 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1322818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of preexisting auto-reactive antibodies in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy are not well defined. Here, we analyzed plasma samples longitudinally collected at predefined time points and at the time of irAEs from 58 patients with immunotherapy naïve metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated on clinical protocol with ipilimumab and nivolumab. We used a proteomic microarray system capable of assaying antibody reactivity for IgG and IgM fractions against 120 antigens for systemically evaluating the correlations between auto-reactive antibodies and certain organ-specific irAEs. We found that distinct patterns of auto-reactive antibodies at baseline were associated with the subsequent development of organ-specific irAEs. Notably, ACHRG IgM was associated with pneumonitis, anti-cytokeratin 19 IgM with dermatitis, and anti-thyroglobulin IgG with hepatitis. These antibodies merit further investigation as potential biomarkers for identifying high-risk populations for irAEs and/or monitoring irAEs during immunotherapy treatment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03391869.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Altan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Natalie I. Vokes
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Hai T. Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Saumil Gandhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mara B. Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Noha Abdel-Wahab
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria C. Franco-Vega
- Department of Hospital Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - J. Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John V. Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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7
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Mwangi VI, Netto RLA, de Morais CEP, Silva AS, Silva BM, Lima AB, Neves JCF, Borba MGS, Val FFDAE, de Almeida ACG, Costa AG, Sampaio VDS, Gardinassi LG, de Lacerda MVG, Monteiro WM, de Melo GC. Temporal patterns of cytokine and injury biomarkers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients treated with methylprednisolone. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1229611. [PMID: 37662953 PMCID: PMC10468998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1229611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with complex pathophysiological effects in various organ systems. Following the COVID-19, there are shifts in biomarker and cytokine equilibrium associated with altered physiological processes arising from viral damage or aggressive immunological response. We hypothesized that high daily dose methylprednisolone improved the injury biomarkers and serum cytokine profiles in COVID-19 patients. Methods Injury biomarker and cytokine analysis was performed on 50 SARS-Cov-2 negative controls and 101 hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients: 49 methylprednisolone-treated (MP group) and 52 placebo-treated serum samples. Samples from the treated groups collected on days D1 (pre-treatment) all the groups, D7 (2 days after ending therapy) and D14 were analyzed. Luminex assay quantified the biomarkers HMGB1, FABP3, myoglobin, troponin I and NTproBNP. Immune mediators (CXCL8, CCL2, CXCL9, CXCL10, TNF, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-12p70, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, IL-2, and IL-1β) were quantified using cytometric bead array. Results At pretreatment, the two treatment groups were comparable demographically. At pre-treatment (D1), injury biomarkers (HMGB1, TnI, myoglobin and FABP3) were distinctly elevated. At D7, HMGB1 was significantly higher in the MP group (p=0.0448) compared to the placebo group, while HMGB1 in the placebo group diminished significantly by D14 (p=0.0115). Compared to healthy control samples, several immune mediators (IL-17A, IL-6, IL-10, MIG, MCP-1, and IP-10) were considerably elevated at baseline (all p≤0.05). At D7, MIG and IP-10 of the MP-group were significantly lower than in the placebo-group (p=0.0431, p=0.0069, respectively). Longitudinally, IL-2 (MP-group) and IL-17A (placebo-group) had increased significantly by D14. In placebo group, IL-2 and IL-17A continuously increased, as IL-12p70, IL-10 and IP-10 steadily decreased during follow-up. The MP treated group had IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-12p70 progressively increase while IL-1β and IL-10 gradually decreased towards D14. Moderate to strong positive correlations between chemokines and cytokines were observed on D7 and D14. Conclusion These findings suggest MP treatment could ameliorate levels of myoglobin and FABP3, but appeared to have no impact on HMGB1, TnI and NTproBNP. In addition, methylprednisolone relieves the COVID-19 induced inflammatory response by diminishing MIG and IP-10 levels. Overall, corticosteroid (methylprednisolone) use in COVID-19 management influences the immunological molecule and injury biomarker profile in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Irungu Mwangi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Padron de Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Arineia Soares Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Maia Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barros Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Mayla Gabriela Silva Borba
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fonseca de Almeida e Val
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anne Cristine Gomes de Almeida
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimarães Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
- Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Brazil
- Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM) Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Vanderson de Souza Sampaio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
- Instituto Todos pela Saúde, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Gardinassi
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Guimarães de Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
- Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ILMD/Fiocruz Amazônia), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Gisely Cardoso de Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM) Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
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8
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Silva RC, da Rosa MM, Leão HI, Silva EDL, Ferreira NT, Albuquerque APB, Duarte GS, Siqueira AM, Pereira MC, Rêgo MJBM, Pitta MGR. Brain damage serum biomarkers induced by COVID-19 in patients from northeast Brazil. J Neurovirol 2023; 29:180-186. [PMID: 36719594 PMCID: PMC9888322 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-023-01119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurological symptoms have been often reported in COVID-19 disease. In the present study, we evaluated brain damage associated with the increase of serum levels of neurological biomarkers S100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a population from Northeastern Brazil. Thirty-six healthy control (G1) individuals and 141 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Positive-COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of illness by the National Institute of Health (NIH) criteria, 76 patients with mild symptoms for COVID-19 and (G2) and 65 with acute respiratory conditions requiring supplemental oxygenation via intensive care unit (ICU) admission (G3). A follow-up study was conducted with 23 patients from G2 14 (D14) and 21 (D21) days after the onset of symptoms. Serum levels of NSE and S100B were measured using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method (ELISA). Results revealed a significant positive association between G3 patients and S100B serum expression (p = 0.0403). The serum levels of NSE were also significantly enhanced in the G3 group compared to the control (p < 0.0001) and G2 group (p < 0.0001). In addition, clinical features such as symptoms and oxygenation status were not correlated with NSE or S100B serum expression. The follow-up study demonstrated a decrease over time (21 days) in NSE serum expression (p < 0.0001). These results suggest that brain damage is followed by acute virus exposure, with no long-term effects. Future work examining COVID-19 recovery will shed light on chronic neurological damage of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Michelle M da Rosa
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Heloísa I Leão
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo D L Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Nathália T Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Amanda P B Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Gisele S Duarte
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas: INI - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André M Siqueira
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas: INI - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelly C Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Moacyr J B M Rêgo
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maira G R Pitta
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches (LINAT), Research Center in Immunomodulation and New Therapeutic Approaches Suely Galdino (Nupit SG), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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9
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Sahin BE, Celikbilek A, Kocak Y, Ilanbey B, Saltoglu GT, Konar NM, Hizmali L. Neurological symptoms and neuronal damage markers in acute COVID-19: Is there a correlation? A pilot study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28240. [PMID: 36262025 PMCID: PMC9874781 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A wide spectrum of neurological symptoms (NS) has been described in patients with COVID-19. We examined the plasma levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament light chain (NFL) together, as neuronal damage markers, and their relationships with clinical severity in patients with NS at acute COVID-19. A total of 20 healthy controls and 59 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this pilot prospective study. Serum NSE and NFL levels were measured by using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method from serum samples. Serum NSE levels were found to be significantly higher in the severe group than in the nonsevere group (p = 0.034). However, serum NFL levels were similar between the control and disease groups (p > 0.05). For the mild group, serum NFL levels were significantly higher in patients with the sampling time ≥5 days than in those with the sampling time <5 days (p = 0.019). However, no significant results for NSE and NFL were obtained in patients with either single or multiple NS across the groups (p > 0.05). Increased serum NSE levels were associated with disease severity regardless of accompanied NS in patients with acute COVID-19 infection. However, serum NFL levels may have a role at the subacute phase of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burc E. Sahin
- Department of NeurologyKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Asuman Celikbilek
- Department of NeurologyKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Yusuf Kocak
- Department of NeurologyKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Bilal Ilanbey
- Department of BiochemistryKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Gamze T. Saltoglu
- Department of BiochemistryKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Naime M. Konar
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical InformaticsKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
| | - Lokman Hizmali
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesKirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of MedicineKirsehirTurkey
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10
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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION AND PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF NEURONAL INJURY BIOMARKERS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY. Shock 2022; 58:507-513. [PMID: 36548642 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background : COVID-19 disease severity markers include mostly molecules related to not only tissue perfusion, inflammation, and thrombosis, but also biomarkers of neural injury. Clinical and basic research has demonstrated that SARS-COV-2 affects the central nervous system. The aims of the present study were to investigate the role of neural injury biomarkers and to compare them with inflammatory markers in their predictive ability of mortality. Methods : We conducted a prospective observational study in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and in a cohort of patients with moderate/severe disease. S100b, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and inflammatory markers, including soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), were measured on intensive care unit or ward admission, respectively. Statistical comparisons between patient groups were performed for all biomarkers under investigation. Correlations between different biomarkers were tested with Spearman correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted using mortality as the classification variable and the biomarker levels on admission as the prognostic variables. Results : A total of 70 patients with COVID-19 were included in the final analysis. Of all studied biomarkers, s100b had the best predictive ability for death in the intensive care unit, with an area under the curve of 0.73 (0.61-0.83), P = 0.0003. S100b levels correlated with NSE, interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-10 (0.27 < rs < 0.37, P < 0.05), and tended to correlate with suPAR ( rs = 0.26, P = 0.05), but not with the vasopressor dose ( P = 0.62). Conclusion : Among the investigated biomarkers, s100b demonstrated the best predictive ability for death in COVID-19 patients. The overall biomarker profile of the patients implies direct involvement of the nervous system by the novel coronavirus.
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11
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Alvarez M, Trent E, Goncalves BDS, Pereira DG, Puri R, Frazier NA, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1020092. [PMID: 36268187 PMCID: PMC9577202 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is renowned as a multi-organ disease having subacute and long-term effects with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. The evolving scientific and clinical evidence demonstrates that the frequency of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 is high and it is crucial to explore more clinical research and implement proper diagnostic and treatment strategies. Several central nervous system complications have been reported as comorbidities of COVID-19. The changes in cognitive function associated with neurodegenerative diseases develop slowly over time and are only diagnosed at an already advanced stage of molecular pathology. Hence, understanding the common links between COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases will broaden our knowledge and help in strategizing prognostic and therapeutic approaches. The present review focuses on the diverse neurodegenerative changes associated with COVID-19 and will highlight the importance of major circulating biomarkers and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the disease progression and severity. The literature analysis showed that major proteins associated with central nervous system function, such as Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light chain, p-tau 181, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, S100 calcium-binding protein B, Neuron-specific enolase and various inflammatory cytokines, were significantly altered in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, among various miRNAs that are having pivotal roles in various neurodegenerative diseases, miR-146a, miR-155, Let-7b, miR-31, miR-16 and miR-21 have shown significant dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Thus the review consolidates the important findings from the numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of neurological sequelae in COVID-19 and the possible association of circulatory biomarkers, which may serve as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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12
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Battaglini D, Lopes-Pacheco M, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Pelosi P, Rocco PRM. Laboratory Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis in COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857573. [PMID: 35572561 PMCID: PMC9091347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, with progression to multiorgan failure in the most severe cases. Several biomarkers can be altered in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and they can be associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and outcomes. The most used biomarkers in COVID-19 include several proinflammatory cytokines, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), neutrophil count, neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio, troponins, creatine kinase (MB), myoglobin, D-dimer, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and its N-terminal pro-hormone (NT-proBNP). Some of these biomarkers can be readily used to predict disease severity, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality, while others, such as metabolomic and proteomic analysis, have not yet translated to clinical practice. This narrative review aims to identify laboratory biomarkers that have shown significant diagnostic and prognostic value for risk stratification in COVID-19 and discuss the possible clinical application of novel analytic strategies, like metabolomics and proteomics. Future research should focus on identifying a limited but essential number of laboratory biomarkers to easily predict prognosis and outcome in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) for Oncology and Neuroscience, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) for Oncology and Neuroscience, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Surgical Science and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,COVID-19 Virus Network from Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brasília, Brazil.,COVID-19 Virus Network from Foundation Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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13
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Abstract
The clinical presentation of COVID-19 is non-specific, and to improve and limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, an accurate diagnosis with a robust method is needed. A total of 500 nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 184 samples were found to be positive with Allplex™ 2019-nCoV Assay, which is fully automated. All the positive samples were retested with TaqPath™ COVID-19 CE-IVD RT-PCR Kit (after this, referred to as TaqPath™ COVID-19), semi-automated. The comparison of RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 genes target points shows only one target point in common, the N gene. Therefore, the N gene was used to compare both assays. We noticed different Ct values between the tests. Therefore, samples were divided into four groups depending to the Ct value results: (1) Ct < 25, (2) Ct 25–30, (3) Ct 30–35, (4) Ct > 35. TaqPath™ COVID-19 Kit reconfirmed the results obtained from Allplex™ 2019-nCoV Assay. In conclusion, both the Allplex™ 2019-nCoV assay and TaqPath™ COVID-19 tests accurately confirm the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Even if TaqPath™ COVID-19 has a semi-automated workflow, it does not introduce bias in the diagnostic screening of SARS-CoV-2, and it supports the indirect identification of variants of concern to undergo sequencing.
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14
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Possible Impact of LPS and (1→3)-β-D-glucan in Blood from Gut Translocation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071103. [PMID: 35406667 PMCID: PMC8997739 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to limited data on the link between gut barrier defects (leaky gut) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), blood samples of COVID-19 cases—mild (upper respiratory tract symptoms without pneumonia; n = 27), moderate (pneumonia without hypoxia; n = 28), and severe (pneumonia with hypoxia; n = 20)—versus healthy control (n = 15) were evaluated, together with in vitro experiments. Accordingly, neutrophil counts, serum cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), bacteria-free DNA, and NETs parameters (fluorescent-stained nuclear morphology, dsDNA, neutrophil elastase, histone–DNA complex, and myeloperoxidase–DNA complex) were found to differentiate COVID-19 severity, whereas serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) was different between the control and COVID-19 cases. Despite non-detectable bacteria-free DNA in the blood of healthy volunteers, using blood bacteriome analysis, proteobacterial DNA was similarly predominant in both control and COVID-19 cases (all severities). In parallel, only COVID-19 samples from moderate and severe cases, but not mild cases, were activated in vitro NETs, as determined by supernatant dsDNA, Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4, and nuclear morphology. With neutrophil experiments, LPS plus BG (LPS + BG) more prominently induced NETs, cytokines, NFκB, and reactive oxygen species, when compared with the activation by each molecule alone. In conclusion, pathogen molecules (LPS and BG) from gut translocation along with neutrophilia and cytokinemia in COVID-19-activated, NETs-induced hyperinflammation.
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15
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Karosanidze I, Kiladze U, Kirtadze N, Giorgadze M, Amashukeli N, Parulava N, Iluridze N, Kikabidze N, Gudavadze N, Gelashvili L, Koberidze V, Gigashvili E, Jajanidze N, Latsabidze N, Mamageishvili N, Shengelia R, Hovhannisyan A, Panossian A. Efficacy of Adaptogens in Patients with Long COVID-19: A Randomized, Quadruple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030345. [PMID: 35337143 PMCID: PMC8953947 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, no effective treatment of comorbid complications or COVID-19 long-haulers during convalescence is known. This randomized, quadruple-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of adaptogens on the recovery of patients with Long COVID symptoms. One hundred patients with confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 test, discharged from COVID Hotel isolation, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), or Online Clinics, and who experienced at least three of nine Long COVID symptoms (fatigue, headache, respiratory insufficiency, cognitive performance, mood disorders, loss of smell, taste, and hair, sweatiness, cough, pain in joints, muscles, and chest) in the 30 days before randomization were included in the study of the efficacy of Chisan®/ADAPT-232 (a fixed combination of adaptogens Rhodiola, Eleutherococcus, and Schisandra) supplementation for two weeks. Chisan® decreased the duration of fatigue and pain for one and two days, respectively, in 50% of patients. The number of patients with lack of fatigue and pain symptoms was significantly less in the Chisan® treatment group than in the placebo group on Days 9 (39% vs. 57%, pain relief, p = 0.0019) and 11 (28% vs. 43%, relief of fatigue, * p = 0.0157). Significant relief of severity of all Long COVID symptoms over the time of treatment and the follow-up period was observed in both groups of patients, notably decreasing the level of anxiety and depression from mild and moderate to normal, as well as increasing cognitive performance in patients in the d2 test for attention and increasing their physical activity and workout (daily walk time). However, the significant difference between placebo and Chisan® treatment was observed only with a workout (daily walk time) and relieving respiratory insufficiency (cough). A clinical assessment of blood markers of the inflammatory response (C-reactive protein) and blood coagulation (D-dimer) did not reveal any significant difference over time between treatment groups except significantly lower IL-6 in the Chisan® treatment group. Furthermore, a significant difference between the placebo and Chisan® treatment was observed for creatinine: Chisan® significantly decreased blood creatinine compared to the placebo, suggesting prevention of renal failure progression in Long COVID. In this study, we, for the first time, demonstrate that adaptogens can increase physical performance in Long COVID and reduce the duration of fatigue and chronic pain. It also suggests that Chisan®/ADAPT-232 might be useful for preventing the progression of renal failure associated with increasing creatinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Karosanidze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Ushangi Kiladze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nino Kirtadze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Mikhail Giorgadze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nana Amashukeli
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nino Parulava
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Neli Iluridze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nana Kikabidze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nana Gudavadze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Lali Gelashvili
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Vazha Koberidze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Eka Gigashvili
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Natela Jajanidze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Naira Latsabidze
- National Family Medicine Training Centre, 57 M. Tsinamdzghvrishvili Str., Tbilisi 0102, Georgia; (I.K.); (U.K.); (N.K.); (M.G.); (N.A.); (N.P.); (N.I.); (N.K.); (N.G.); (L.G.); (V.K.); (E.G.); (N.J.); (N.L.)
| | - Nato Mamageishvili
- Department for History of Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Vazha-Pshavela Ave. 33, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia; (N.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Ramaz Shengelia
- Department for History of Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Vazha-Pshavela Ave. 33, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia; (N.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Areg Hovhannisyan
- Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science, Azatutian ave. 26, Yerevan 375014, Armenia;
| | - Alexander Panossian
- Phytomed AB, Bofinksvagen 1, 31275 Våxtorp, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-733306226
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16
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Impact of the Innate Inflammatory Response on ICU Admission and Death in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111675. [PMID: 34829906 PMCID: PMC8615389 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe the capacity of a broad spectrum of cytokines and growth factors to predict ICU admission and/or death in patients with severe COVID-19. Design: An observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study with longitudinal follow-up. Setting: Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias (HUPA). Participants: 287 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to our hospital from 24 March to 8 May 2020, followed until 31 August 2020. Main outcome measures: Profiles of immune response (IR) mediators were determined using the Luminex Multiplex technique in hospitalized patients within six days of admission by examining serum levels of 62 soluble molecules classified into the three groups: adaptive IR-related cytokines (n = 19), innate inflammatory IR-related cytokines (n = 27), and growth factors (n = 16). Results: A statistically robust link with ICU admission and/or death was detected for increased serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-15, soluble (s) RAGE, IP10, MCP3, sIL1RII, IL-8, GCSF and MCSF and IL-10. The greatest prognostic value was observed for the marker combination IL-10, IL-6 and GCSF. Conclusions: When severe COVID-19 progresses to ICU admission and/or death there is a marked increase in serum levels of several cytokines and chemokines, mainly related to the patient’s inflammatory IR. Serum levels of IL-10, IL-6 and GCSF were most prognostic of the outcome measure.
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17
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Immunological Response to SARS-CoV-2 Is Sustained by Vitamin D: A Case Presentation of One-Year Follow-Up. REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/reports4020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is necessary for normal bone development and conservation. Moreover, it has extraskeletal effects, which play a pivotal role as a modulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Many studies have highlighted the beneficial effect of vitamin D in protecting against acute respiratory viral infection, including COVID-19. Within this context, we described the effect of vitamin D supplementation in the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were assessed in a cohort of twenty-two subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 by chemiluminescence assay (CLIA). Among them, a 61-year-old nurse undergoing vitamin D therapy showed a positive IgG response against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid over nine months after infection, suggesting vitamin D played a role in modulating early antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. This result provides evidence of a positive effect of vitamin D on the decrease of functional humoral immunity.
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