1
|
de Pablo-Maiso L, Doménech A, Echeverría I, Gómez-Arrebola C, de Andrés D, Rosati S, Gómez-Lucia E, Reina R. Prospects in Innate Immune Responses as Potential Control Strategies against Non-Primate Lentiviruses. Viruses 2018; 10:v10080435. [PMID: 30126090 PMCID: PMC6116218 DOI: 10.3390/v10080435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentiviruses are infectious agents of a number of animal species, including sheep, goats, horses, monkeys, cows, and cats, in addition to humans. As in the human case, the host immune response fails to control the establishment of chronic persistent infection that finally leads to a specific disease development. Despite intensive research on the development of lentivirus vaccines, it is still not clear which immune responses can protect against infection. Viral mutations resulting in escape from T-cell or antibody-mediated responses are the basis of the immune failure to control the infection. The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against viral infections in an antigen-independent manner. Antiviral innate responses are conducted by dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells, often targeted by lentiviruses, and intrinsic antiviral mechanisms exerted by all cells. Intrinsic responses depend on the recognition of the viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), and the signaling cascades leading to an antiviral state by inducing the expression of antiviral proteins, including restriction factors. This review describes the latest advances on innate immunity related to the infection by animal lentiviruses, centered on small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), and feline (FIV) and bovine immunodeficiency viruses (BIV), specifically focusing on the antiviral role of the major restriction factors described thus far.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cats
- Cattle
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Goats
- Horses
- Immunity, Innate
- Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine/immunology
- Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine/pathogenicity
- Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline/immunology
- Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline/pathogenicity
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine/immunology
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine/pathogenicity
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/virology
- Lentivirus Infections/genetics
- Lentivirus Infections/immunology
- Lentivirus Infections/virology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/virology
- Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules/immunology
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/genetics
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology
- Sheep
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/virology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena de Pablo-Maiso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra 31192, Spain.
| | - Ana Doménech
- Dpto. Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Irache Echeverría
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra 31192, Spain.
| | - Carmen Gómez-Arrebola
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra 31192, Spain.
| | - Damián de Andrés
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra 31192, Spain.
| | - Sergio Rosati
- Malattie Infettive degli Animali Domestici, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino 10095, Italy.
| | - Esperanza Gómez-Lucia
- Dpto. Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Ramsés Reina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra 31192, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Xie L, Zhang L, Wang X, Li C, Han Y, Hu S, Sun Y, Li S, Luo Y, Liu L, Munir M, Qiu HJ. The E2 glycoprotein is necessary but not sufficient for the adaptation of classical swine fever virus lapinized vaccine C-strain to the rabbit. Virology 2018; 519:197-206. [PMID: 29734043 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) C-strain was developed through hundreds of passages of a highly virulent CSFV in rabbits. To investigate the molecular basis for the adaptation of C-strain to the rabbit (ACR), a panel of chimeric viruses with the exchange of glycoproteins Erns, E1, and/or E2 between C-strain and the highly virulent Shimen strain and a number of mutant viruses with different amino acid substitutions in E2 protein were generated and evaluated in rabbits. Our results demonstrate that Shimen-based chimeras expressing Erns-E1-E2, Erns-E2 or E1-E2 but not Erns-E1, Erns, E1, or E2 of C-strain can replicate in rabbits, indicating that E2 in combination with either Erns or E1 confers the ACR. Notably, E2 and the amino acids P108 and T109 in Domain I of E2 are critical in ACR. Collectively, our data indicate that E2 is crucial in mediating the ACR, which requires synergistic contribution of Erns or E1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Libao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lingkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Su Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuzi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Munir
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, United Kingdom
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reynolds ES, Hart CE, Hermance ME, Brining DL, Thangamani S. An Overview of Animal Models for Arthropod-Borne Viruses. Comp Med 2017; 67:232-241. [PMID: 28662752 PMCID: PMC5482515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) have continued to emerge in recent years, posing a significant health threat to millions of people worldwide. The majority of arboviruses that are pathogenic to humans are transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks, but other types of arthropod vectors can also be involved in the transmission of these viruses. To alleviate the health burdens associated with arbovirus infections, it is necessary to focus today's research on disease control and therapeutic strategies. Animal models for arboviruses are valuable experimental tools that can shed light on the pathophysiology of infection and will enable the evaluation of future treatments and vaccine candidates. Ideally an animal model will closely mimic the disease manifestations observed in humans. In this review, we outline the currently available animal models for several viruses vectored by mosquitoes, ticks, and midges, for which there are no standardly available vaccines or therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Reynolds
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Charles E Hart
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Meghan E Hermance
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Douglas L Brining
- Animal Resources Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Saravanan Thangamani
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sequential immunization with consensus influenza hemagglutinins raises cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against various heterologous HA strains. Vaccine 2016; 35:305-312. [PMID: 27914743 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal and emerging epidemics caused by influenza virus remain as a public health concern and an economic burden. The weak immunogenicity of conserved epitopes on hemagglutinin that induces broad protective immune responses is the main obstacle to the development of universal vaccines. In the present report, we designed the cross-subtypic sequential vaccination strategy and evaluated its neutralizing antibody (nAb) activity by pseudovirus-based neutralization assays. The results clearly indicated that compared with traditional vaccines strategy, the cross-subtypic sequential immunization could significantly induce a broad serum cross-reactive nAb response in mice as well as against homologous strains, and provide protection from heterologous virus PR8 (H1N1) challenge. Furthermore, we isolated two monoclonal antibodies from sequentially immunized mice, which had potent broadly neutralizing activity against multiple influenza strains. These data suggest the feasibility of sequential immunization in universal flu vaccine development.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang XF, Lin YZ, Li Q, Liu Q, Zhao WW, Du C, Chen J, Wang X, Zhou JH. Genetic Evolution during the development of an attenuated EIAV vaccine. Retrovirology 2016; 13:9. [PMID: 26842878 PMCID: PMC4738788 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-016-0240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine is the only attenuated lentiviral vaccine applied on a large scale that has been shown to be effective in controlling the prevalence of EIA in China. This vaccine was developed by successive passaging of a field-isolated virulent strain in different hosts and cultivated cells. To explore the molecular basis for the phenotype alteration of this vaccine strain, we systematically analyzed its genomic evolution during vaccine development. Results Sequence analysis revealed that the genetic distance between the wild-type strain and six representative strains isolated from key development stages gradually increased with the number of passages. Env gene, but not gag and pol, showed a clear evolutionary flow similar to that of the whole genomes of different generations during the attenuation. Stable mutations were identified in multiple regions of multiple genes along with virus passaging. The adaption of the virus to the growth environment of cultured cells with accumulated genomic and genetic variations was positively correlated with the reduction in pathogenicity and rise of immunogenicity. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in the frequency of the most stable mutations between in vivo and ex vivo-adapted strains and between virulent and attenuated strains. Conclusions These data indicate that EIAV evolution during vaccine development generated an accumulation of mutations under the selective drive force, which helps to better understand the molecular basis of lentivirus pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12977-016-0240-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China. .,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yue-Zhi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China. .,Harbin Weike Biotechnology Development Company, Harbin, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Cheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China. .,Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Biovaccine Co., Harbin, 150069, China.
| |
Collapse
|